State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, July 20, 2022	USDL-22-1519
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                           STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MAY 2022

Job openings rates decreased in 11 states and the District of Columbia, increased in 3 states, and were 
little changed in 36 states on the last business day of May, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 
today. Hires rates decreased in 3 states, increased in 3 states, and were little changed in 44 states and the 
District of Columbia. Total separations rates decreased in 7 states, increased in 3 states, and were little 
changed in 40 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, the job openings rate decreased in May 
while hires and total separations rates were unchanged. (See tables A-E.)

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In May, job openings rates decreased in 11 states and the District of Columbia. Job openings rates 
increased in 3 states. The largest decreases in job openings rates occurred in Illinois (-1.5 percentage 
points) and in Georgia and Hawaii (-1.3 points each). Increases in job openings rates occurred in 
Massachusetts (+0.6 point) as well as Connecticut and Pennsylvania (+0.5 percentage point each). Over 
the month, the national job openings rate decreased (-0.3 percentage point). (See table A.)

The number of job openings decreased in 12 states and the District of Columbia in May. Job openings
increased in 3 states. The largest decreases in the job openings level occurred in Illinois  
(-102,000), and in Florida and Georgia (-69,000 each). Increases in the job openings level occurred in 
Pennsylvania (+30,000), Massachusetts (+29,000), and Connecticut (+9,000). Nationally, the number of 
job openings decreased over the month (-427,000). (See table A.)

Hires

In May, hires rates decreased in 3 states and increased in 3 states. The decreases in hires rates occurred 
in Oklahoma (-1.3 percentage points), Alabama (-0.7 point), and Virginia (-0.5 point). Increases in hires 
rates occurred in Nevada (+1.1 percentage points), Ohio (+0.7 point), and Missouri (+0.6 point). The 
national hires rate was unchanged. (See table B.)

The number of hires increased in 2 states and decreased in 2 states in May. Increases in the hires level 
occurred in Ohio (+42,000) and Nevada (+15,000). Decreases occurred in Oklahoma (-22,000) and 
Alabama (-15,000). Nationally, the number of hires was little changed over the month. (See table B.)

Total Separations

In May, total separations rates decreased in 7 states and increased in 3 states. The largest decreases in 
total separations rates occurred in Indiana (-0.9 percentage point) and in Illinois and Kentucky (-0.8 
point each). Increases occurred in Florida (+1.1 percentage points), Michigan (+0.8 point), and 
California (+0.5 point). The national total separations rate was unchanged over the month. (See table C.)

The number of total separations decreased in 6 states in May and increased in 4 states. The largest 
decreases in the total separations level occurred in Illinois (-47,000), Indiana (-27,000), and Virginia	
(-26,000). The largest increases in the total separations level occurred in Florida (+105,000), California 
(+95,000), and Michigan (+37,000). Nationally, the number of total separations was little changed in 
May. (See table C.)
 
Quits

In May, quits rates decreased in 7 states and increased in 2 states. The largest decreases in quits rates 
occurred in New Jersey (-0.7 percentage point), Indiana (-0.6 point) as well as Nebraska and Oklahoma 
(-0.5 point each). Increases in quits rates occurred in Florida and Pennsylvania (+0.7 percentage point 
each). Over the month, the national quits rate was little changed. (See table D.)

The number of quits decreased in 7 states and increased in 2 states in May. The largest decreases in the 
quits level occurred in New Jersey (-29,000), Indiana (-17,000), and Massachusetts (-13,000). Increases 
in the quits level occurred in Florida (+64,000) and in Pennsylvania (+38,000). Nationally, the number 
of quits was little changed over the month. (See table D.)
 
Layoffs and Discharges

In May, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 7 states and increased in 4 states. The largest 
decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Virginia (-0.6 percentage point), Illinois (-0.5 
point) and in Indiana and Tennessee (-0.4 point each). The increases in layoffs and discharges rates 
occurred in Michigan (+1.0 percentage point), Florida (+0.4 point), and in California and New Jersey 
(+0.3 point). The national layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged. (See table E.)

The number of layoffs and discharges increased in 5 states and decreased in 4 states in May. The 
largest increases in the layoffs and discharges level occurred in California (+56,000), Michigan 
(+45,000), and Florida (+38,000). The largest decreases in the layoffs and discharges level occurred in 
Illinois (-32,000), Virginia (-23,000), and Indiana (-11,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and 
discharges was little changed over the month. (See table E.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  
	
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey State estimates for June 2022 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, August 17, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


Table A: States with significant changes in job openings from Apr 2022 to May 2022, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Apr   |   May  | Over-the-month |   Apr  |   May  | Over-the-month
                       |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)   |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............|11,681  |11,254  |     -427       |   7.2  |   6.9  |     -0.3        
Alabama................|   157  |   148  |       -9*      |   7.1  |   6.6  |     -0.5
Arizona................|   222  |   200  |      -22       |   6.8  |   6.2  |     -0.6*
Connecticut............|   111  |   120  |        9       |   6.3  |   6.8  |      0.5
District of Columbia...|    57  |    46  |      -11       |   6.9  |   5.7  |     -1.2
Florida................|   729  |   660  |      -69       |   7.3  |   6.6  |     -0.7
Georgia................|   436  |   367  |      -69       |   8.4  |   7.1  |     -1.3
Hawaii.................|    54  |    45  |       -9       |   8.2  |   6.9  |     -1.3
Illinois...............|   507  |   405  |     -102       |   7.8  |   6.3  |     -1.5
Indiana................|   250  |   229  |      -21       |   7.3  |   6.7  |     -0.6
Iowa...................|   131  |   120  |      -11       |   7.7  |   7.1  |     -0.6
Kansas.................|   110  |   100  |      -10       |   7.3  |   6.7  |     -0.6*
Massachusetts..........|   309  |   338  |       29       |   7.8  |   8.4  |      0.6
Nebraska...............|    86  |    79  |       -7       |   7.7  |   7.1  |     -0.6
New York...............|   581  |   538  |      -43       |   5.8  |   5.4  |     -0.4
North Dakota...........|    36  |    32  |       -4       |   7.8  |   7.0  |     -0.8
Pennsylvania...........|   448  |   478  |       30       |   7.0  |   7.5  |      0.5
Wisconsin..............|   252  |   226  |      -26       |   7.9  |   7.2  |     -0.7
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.
   
   
Table B: States with significant changes in hires from Apr 2022 to May 2022, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Apr   |   May  | Over-the-month |   Apr  |   May  | Over-the-month
                       |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)   |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 6,527  | 6,489  |      -38       |   4.3  |   4.3  |      0.0        
Alabama................|   104  |    89  |      -15       |   5.0  |   4.3  |     -0.7
Missouri...............|   114  |   129  |       15*      |   3.9  |   4.5  |      0.6
Nevada.................|    83  |    98  |       15       |   5.7  |   6.8  |      1.1
Ohio...................|   207  |   249  |       42       |   3.8  |   4.5  |      0.7
Oklahoma...............|   106  |    84  |      -22       |   6.3  |   5.0  |     -1.3
Virginia...............|   190  |   171  |      -19*      |   4.7  |   4.2  |     -0.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table C: States with significant changes in total separations from Apr 2022 to May 2022, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Apr   |   May  | Over-the-month |   Apr  |   May  | Over-the-month
                       |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)   |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 5,965  | 5,983  |       18       |   3.9  |   3.9  |      0.0        
California.............|   594  |   689  |       95       |   3.4  |   3.9  |      0.5
Florida................|   387  |   492  |      105       |   4.2  |   5.3  |      1.1
Illinois...............|   228  |   181  |      -47       |   3.8  |   3.0  |     -0.8
Indiana................|   145  |   118  |      -27       |   4.6  |   3.7  |     -0.9
Kentucky...............|   107  |    92  |      -15       |   5.5  |   4.7  |     -0.8
Massachusetts..........|   119  |    99  |      -20       |   3.3  |   2.7  |     -0.6
Michigan...............|   163  |   200  |       37       |   3.8  |   4.6  |      0.8
New Jersey.............|   153  |   132  |      -21       |   3.6  |   3.1  |     -0.5
Pennsylvania...........|   179  |   203  |       24       |   3.0  |   3.4  |      0.4*
Tennessee..............|   156  |   138  |      -18*      |   4.9  |   4.3  |     -0.6
Virginia...............|   181  |   155  |      -26       |   4.5  |   3.8  |     -0.7
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table D: States with significant changes in quits from Apr 2022 to May 2022, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Apr   |   May  | Over-the-month |   Apr  |   May  | Over-the-month
                       |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)   |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 4,327  | 4,270  |      -57       |   2.9  |   2.8  |     -0.1        
Florida................|   309  |   373  |       64       |   3.3  |   4.0  |      0.7
Indiana................|   117  |   100  |      -17       |   3.7  |   3.1  |     -0.6
Kentucky...............|    76  |    67  |       -9       |   3.9  |   3.5  |     -0.4*
Massachusetts..........|    85  |    72  |      -13       |   2.3  |   2.0  |     -0.3*
Nebraska...............|    33  |    28  |       -5       |   3.2  |   2.7  |     -0.5
New Jersey.............|   105  |    76  |      -29       |   2.5  |   1.8  |     -0.7
Oklahoma...............|    57  |    48  |       -9       |   3.4  |   2.9  |     -0.5
Pennsylvania...........|   120  |   158  |       38       |   2.0  |   2.7  |      0.7
Texas..................|   397  |   380  |      -17*      |   3.0  |   2.8  |     -0.2
Washington.............|    96  |    84  |      -12       |   2.7  |   2.4  |     -0.3
Wisconsin..............|    79  |    70  |       -9*      |   2.7  |   2.4  |     -0.3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table E: States with significant changes in layoffs and discharges from Apr 2022 to May 2022, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Apr   |   May  | Over-the-month |   Apr  |   May  | Over-the-month
                       |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)   |  2022  | 2022(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 1,312  | 1,389  |       77       |   0.9  |   0.9  |      0.0        
California.............|   116  |   172  |       56       |   0.7  |   1.0  |      0.3
Florida................|    61  |    99  |       38       |   0.7  |   1.1  |      0.4
Illinois...............|    49  |    17  |      -32       |   0.8  |   0.3  |     -0.5
Indiana................|    22  |    11  |      -11       |   0.7  |   0.3  |     -0.4
Kentucky...............|    25  |    20  |       -5*      |   1.3  |   1.0  |     -0.3
Michigan...............|    29  |    74  |       45       |   0.7  |   1.7  |      1.0
New Jersey.............|    39  |    49  |       10       |   0.9  |   1.2  |      0.3
New York...............|   108  |    88  |      -20*      |   1.1  |   0.9  |     -0.2
North Carolina.........|    60  |    49  |      -11*      |   1.3  |   1.0  |     -0.3
South Dakota...........|     3  |     5  |        2       |   0.7  |   1.1  |      0.4*
Tennessee..............|    37  |    27  |      -10       |   1.2  |   0.8  |     -0.4
Virginia...............|    63  |    40  |      -23       |   1.6  |   1.0  |     -0.6
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.
     


    

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS program 
provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can be found at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and separations. 
The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, and local government 
entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance with the North American 
Industry Classification System. 

Definitions and Methodology (National/State). Shared definitions and procedures for National and State JOLTS Estimates 
can be found at: www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.tn.htm.

Data Element Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Total Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from other separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary 
help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The other separations component is 
not published for states due to its comparatively high error, and because it comprises less than 8% of total 
separations. The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying 
that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimates Methodology

The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample based state estimates. 
However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based estimates. 

These estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model, the Synthetic model, the 
Composite Synthetic model, and the Extended Composite Synthetic model. The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS 
microdata, JOLTS regional published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite 
Synthetic model uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in 
microdata from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic by the 
ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate from one year ago. 

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component—the Composite Regional model) is used to extend 
the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component—the Synthetic 
model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The current model uses the Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS re-tabulation 
process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional model estimates 
will ensure that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends. 

The Composite Regional model calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample weights, and 
the adjustments for non-response (NRAF). The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-supersector 
employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a reasonably sized 
sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in quite a number of state-supersector cells 
that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates derived 
directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of respondents is low 
(that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate which leverages the small JOLTS sample 
to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. 

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-supersector 
cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-based component, 
in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells with 5–30 
respondents an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-based estimate 
and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in those cells is 
proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of respondents). 

Benchmarking. The JOLTS State estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. 
These state estimates are published as a historical series comprised of an historical annually 
revised benchmark component for the Composite Synthetic model and a current component Extended Composite Synthetic 
model which provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology 
is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 
including current month data. JOLTS state seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
over-the-month employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS state implied employment trends 
(hires minus separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the 
JOLTS data.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs when a sample is 
surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted 
at the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that 
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because 
of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available on the JOLTS Median Standard Errors page: 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons including: 
the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; 
errors made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in 
estimation.

The JOLTS State variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A small 
area domain model uses a Bayesian model to develop estimates of JOLTS State variance. The small area model uses QCEW-
based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the prior distribution using 
JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the State and US Census Regional level to generate a Bayesian 
posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, an estimate of JOLTS State variance 
estimates is made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. This Bayesian approach thus 
indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

Detailed information the JOLTS State methodology can be found at:   

www.bls.gov/jlt/jlt_statedata_methodology.htm

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 
services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,639	11,344	11,855	11,681	11,254	6.2	7.0	7.3	7.2	6.9
Alabama	135	152	152	157	148	6.2	6.9	6.9	7.1	6.6
Alaska	22	34	34	30	28	6.7	9.7	9.7	8.6	8.2
Arizona	217	237	259	222	200	6.9	7.2	7.9	6.8	6.2
Arkansas	79	89	102	96	98	5.8	6.4	7.2	6.8	7.0
California	928	1,299	1,298	1,251	1,283	5.3	7.0	6.9	6.7	6.8
Colorado	202	203	217	229	220	6.9	6.7	7.1	7.4	7.2
Connecticut	100	112	115	111	120	5.9	6.4	6.5	6.3	6.8
Delaware	31	33	37	35	34	6.5	6.8	7.5	7.1	6.9
District of Columbia	42	43	47	57	46	5.4	5.3	5.8	6.9	5.7
Florida	545	688	765	729	660	5.8	6.9	7.7	7.3	6.6
Georgia	365	432	419	436	367	7.4	8.4	8.1	8.4	7.1
Hawaii	38	47	45	54	45	6.1	7.3	7.0	8.2	6.9
Idaho	52	67	61	60	60	6.2	7.6	7.0	6.9	6.9
Illinois	343	472	489	507	405	5.6	7.3	7.5	7.8	6.3
Indiana	219	231	239	250	229	6.7	6.8	7.0	7.3	6.7
Iowa	98	115	117	131	120	6.0	6.8	7.0	7.7	7.1
Kansas	83	98	99	110	100	5.7	6.6	6.6	7.3	6.7
Kentucky	153	158	213	178	168	7.5	7.5	9.9	8.4	8.0
Louisiana	117	146	149	156	160	5.9	7.1	7.2	7.6	7.7
Maine	42	50	50	50	49	6.3	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.2
Maryland	216	201	223	227	227	7.6	6.9	7.6	7.7	7.7
Massachusetts	224	313	304	309	338	6.0	7.9	7.7	7.8	8.4
Michigan	348	355	350	369	351	7.7	7.6	7.5	7.9	7.5
Minnesota	195	231	239	235	236	6.4	7.4	7.6	7.5	7.5
Mississippi	83	88	91	85	89	6.8	7.0	7.3	6.8	7.1
Missouri	175	215	226	240	229	5.8	6.9	7.2	7.6	7.3
Montana	36	47	46	45	45	6.9	8.5	8.3	8.2	8.2
Nebraska	64	70	79	86	79	6.0	6.4	7.1	7.7	7.1
Nevada	112	123	112	115	107	7.7	7.9	7.2	7.4	6.9
New Hampshire	51	62	58	56	55	7.2	8.4	7.9	7.6	7.5
New Jersey	267	278	282	288	285	6.3	6.3	6.3	6.4	6.4
New Mexico	58	70	70	68	66	6.7	7.7	7.6	7.4	7.2
New York	523	605	588	581	538	5.5	6.1	5.9	5.8	5.4
North Carolina	299	374	424	396	386	6.1	7.4	8.2	7.7	7.5
North Dakota	27	32	34	36	32	6.1	7.0	7.4	7.8	7.0
Ohio	327	405	407	431	420	5.8	6.9	6.9	7.3	7.1
Oklahoma	105	118	148	128	125	6.0	6.6	8.1	7.1	6.9
Oregon	134	156	158	147	137	6.7	7.5	7.5	7.0	6.6
Pennsylvania	451	426	514	448	478	7.3	6.7	8.0	7.0	7.5
Rhode Island	32	39	43	41	41	6.3	7.4	8.0	7.6	7.6
South Carolina	172	184	209	180	179	7.4	7.7	8.7	7.6	7.5
South Dakota	28	34	34	37	34	6.0	7.1	7.1	7.6	7.0
Tennessee	224	261	265	265	253	6.8	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.3
Texas	824	929	1,003	1,002	974	6.1	6.6	7.1	7.0	6.8
Utah	100	120	123	108	116	5.9	6.8	6.9	6.1	6.5
Vermont	24	25	26	27	26	7.6	7.7	8.0	8.3	8.0
Virginia	267	305	340	316	321	6.4	7.1	7.8	7.3	7.4
Washington	190	253	244	229	240	5.4	6.8	6.6	6.2	6.4
West Virginia	54	61	61	60	57	7.3	8.0	8.0	7.9	7.4
Wisconsin	198	229	221	252	226	6.4	7.3	7.0	7.9	7.2
Wyoming	19	26	25	24	23	6.4	8.3	8.1	7.8	7.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,092	6,832	6,645	6,527	6,489	4.2	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.3
Alabama	97	109	106	104	89	4.8	5.3	5.1	5.0	4.3
Alaska	17	20	21	22	21	5.6	6.3	6.6	6.9	6.7
Arizona	115	151	157	140	148	3.9	5.0	5.2	4.6	4.9
Arkansas	57	61	73	64	61	4.5	4.7	5.6	4.9	4.7
California	641	689	631	665	618	3.9	4.0	3.6	3.8	3.5
Colorado	121	148	134	155	141	4.4	5.2	4.7	5.4	4.9
Connecticut	59	61	58	62	68	3.7	3.7	3.5	3.8	4.1
Delaware	21	26	24	23	23	4.7	5.7	5.3	5.0	5.0
District of Columbia	21	26	27	27	25	2.9	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.3
Florida	415	428	468	435	454	4.7	4.6	5.1	4.7	4.9
Georgia	264	315	275	268	270	5.8	6.7	5.8	5.6	5.6
Hawaii	27	31	31	34	31	4.6	5.2	5.2	5.6	5.1
Idaho	38	49	42	42	43	4.8	6.0	5.2	5.2	5.3
Illinois	256	261	263	256	271	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.5
Indiana	147	142	148	137	140	4.8	4.5	4.7	4.3	4.4
Iowa	67	57	65	61	65	4.4	3.6	4.2	3.9	4.2
Kansas	56	45	53	51	54	4.1	3.2	3.8	3.7	3.9
Kentucky	90	106	123	107	96	4.8	5.5	6.3	5.5	5.0
Louisiana	98	98	99	88	92	5.2	5.1	5.2	4.6	4.8
Maine	21	29	27	28	25	3.4	4.6	4.2	4.4	3.9
Maryland	102	116	124	120	110	3.9	4.3	4.6	4.4	4.1
Massachusetts	117	147	126	142	134	3.4	4.0	3.5	3.9	3.7
Michigan	184	187	202	169	160	4.4	4.3	4.7	3.9	3.7
Minnesota	88	110	108	112	103	3.1	3.8	3.7	3.9	3.5
Mississippi	58	57	57	56	55	5.1	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.7
Missouri	113	92	105	114	129	4.0	3.2	3.6	3.9	4.5
Montana	26	31	29	30	30	5.3	6.1	5.7	5.9	5.9
Nebraska	40	38	43	41	41	4.0	3.7	4.2	4.0	4.0
Nevada	93	72	69	83	98	6.9	5.0	4.8	5.7	6.8
New Hampshire	25	32	28	33	33	3.8	4.7	4.1	4.8	4.8
New Jersey	128	169	178	173	163	3.2	4.1	4.3	4.1	3.9
New Mexico	36	42	40	40	39	4.5	5.0	4.7	4.7	4.6
New York	291	338	309	308	329	3.2	3.6	3.3	3.3	3.5
North Carolina	237	271	250	235	221	5.2	5.8	5.3	5.0	4.7
North Dakota	17	18	19	19	18	4.1	4.2	4.5	4.5	4.2
Ohio	213	211	211	207	249	4.0	3.9	3.9	3.8	4.5
Oklahoma	73	91	95	106	84	4.5	5.4	5.7	6.3	5.0
Oregon	82	92	93	90	85	4.4	4.8	4.8	4.6	4.4
Pennsylvania	173	242	199	180	187	3.0	4.1	3.4	3.0	3.2
Rhode Island	21	24	23	22	22	4.4	4.9	4.7	4.4	4.4
South Carolina	99	120	120	109	117	4.6	5.5	5.5	5.0	5.3
South Dakota	17	19	20	19	18	3.9	4.3	4.5	4.2	4.0
Tennessee	148	164	159	153	143	4.8	5.1	5.0	4.8	4.4
Texas	564	663	605	625	645	4.5	5.0	4.6	4.7	4.8
Utah	70	84	82	76	68	4.4	5.1	5.0	4.6	4.1
Vermont	11	15	14	14	13	3.7	5.0	4.7	4.7	4.3
Virginia	161	194	197	190	171	4.1	4.8	4.9	4.7	4.2
Washington	123	158	148	136	131	3.7	4.6	4.3	3.9	3.8
West Virginia	31	40	35	32	33	4.5	5.7	5.0	4.6	4.6
Wisconsin	108	125	115	106	110	3.8	4.3	3.9	3.6	3.7
Wyoming	14	18	17	17	17	5.0	6.3	6.0	6.0	6.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,513	6,082	6,248	5,965	5,983	3.8	4.0	4.1	3.9	3.9
Alabama	90	91	101	99	93	4.4	4.4	4.9	4.8	4.5
Alaska	18	23	22	20	21	5.9	7.3	6.9	6.3	6.7
Arizona	120	137	158	124	129	4.1	4.5	5.2	4.1	4.2
Arkansas	55	63	61	60	60	4.3	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.6
California	549	682	656	594	689	3.3	3.9	3.8	3.4	3.9
Colorado	108	137	134	128	132	4.0	4.8	4.7	4.5	4.6
Connecticut	49	60	53	59	56	3.1	3.7	3.2	3.6	3.4
Delaware	20	20	21	20	21	4.5	4.4	4.6	4.4	4.6
District of Columbia	20	24	24	25	22	2.7	3.1	3.1	3.3	2.9
Florida	332	409	519	387	492	3.8	4.4	5.6	4.2	5.3
Georgia	237	245	263	249	250	5.2	5.2	5.5	5.2	5.2
Hawaii	20	23	22	20	22	3.4	3.8	3.7	3.3	3.6
Idaho	39	38	37	39	41	4.9	4.7	4.6	4.8	5.0
Illinois	238	234	232	228	181	4.1	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.0
Indiana	139	146	144	145	118	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.6	3.7
Iowa	56	60	57	67	63	3.7	3.8	3.6	4.3	4.0
Kansas	55	55	48	52	49	4.0	3.9	3.4	3.7	3.5
Kentucky	85	97	100	107	92	4.5	5.0	5.2	5.5	4.7
Louisiana	84	80	87	83	84	4.5	4.2	4.6	4.3	4.4
Maine	23	24	24	24	23	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.6
Maryland	84	105	103	103	101	3.2	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.7
Massachusetts	114	111	100	119	99	3.3	3.1	2.7	3.3	2.7
Michigan	171	141	158	163	200	4.1	3.3	3.7	3.8	4.6
Minnesota	80	95	99	102	100	2.8	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.4
Mississippi	54	69	57	55	53	4.8	5.9	4.9	4.8	4.6
Missouri	106	113	99	129	124	3.8	3.9	3.4	4.4	4.3
Montana	26	28	26	25	28	5.3	5.5	5.1	4.9	5.5
Nebraska	35	40	40	44	40	3.5	3.9	3.9	4.3	3.9
Nevada	65	65	62	52	58	4.8	4.5	4.3	3.6	4.0
New Hampshire	23	34	29	28	30	3.5	5.0	4.3	4.1	4.4
New Jersey	134	165	185	153	132	3.4	4.0	4.4	3.6	3.1
New Mexico	28	33	32	34	32	3.5	3.9	3.8	4.0	3.8
New York	247	297	269	306	284	2.8	3.2	2.9	3.3	3.0
North Carolina	228	229	241	216	213	5.0	4.9	5.1	4.6	4.5
North Dakota	19	18	17	19	18	4.6	4.2	4.0	4.5	4.2
Ohio	195	237	196	199	197	3.6	4.3	3.6	3.6	3.6
Oklahoma	66	77	74	80	70	4.0	4.6	4.4	4.8	4.2
Oregon	77	81	79	73	72	4.1	4.2	4.1	3.8	3.7
Pennsylvania	168	179	181	179	203	2.9	3.0	3.1	3.0	3.4
Rhode Island	16	20	21	20	18	3.3	4.1	4.3	4.0	3.6
South Carolina	91	105	115	113	105	4.3	4.8	5.2	5.1	4.7
South Dakota	16	17	17	17	19	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.2
Tennessee	144	154	154	156	138	4.7	4.8	4.8	4.9	4.3
Texas	516	514	584	516	506	4.1	3.9	4.4	3.9	3.8
Utah	59	67	81	64	71	3.7	4.1	4.9	3.9	4.3
Vermont	11	14	14	11	12	3.7	4.7	4.7	3.7	4.0
Virginia	159	142	160	181	155	4.1	3.5	4.0	4.5	3.8
Washington	97	125	132	123	116	2.9	3.6	3.8	3.5	3.3
West Virginia	31	29	33	32	31	4.5	4.2	4.7	4.6	4.4
Wisconsin	101	113	111	111	103	3.5	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.5
Wyoming	15	17	16	14	16	5.4	6.0	5.6	4.9	5.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,838	4,384	4,449	4,327	4,270	2.6	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.8
Alabama	65	66	69	68	60	3.2	3.2	3.3	3.3	2.9
Alaska	13	18	17	15	15	4.3	5.7	5.4	4.7	4.8
Arizona	89	103	130	100	99	3.0	3.4	4.3	3.3	3.2
Arkansas	41	45	43	42	42	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.2
California	379	499	456	448	472	2.3	2.9	2.6	2.6	2.7
Colorado	81	96	100	95	90	3.0	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.2
Connecticut	27	39	34	41	36	1.7	2.4	2.1	2.5	2.2
Delaware	14	14	15	15	14	3.1	3.1	3.3	3.3	3.1
District of Columbia	13	17	16	16	15	1.8	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.0
Florida	260	316	383	309	373	2.9	3.4	4.1	3.3	4.0
Georgia	172	186	168	177	178	3.8	3.9	3.5	3.7	3.7
Hawaii	14	18	17	15	15	2.4	3.0	2.8	2.5	2.5
Idaho	29	28	29	29	30	3.7	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.7
Illinois	155	162	167	164	151	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.7	2.5
Indiana	98	117	110	117	100	3.2	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.1
Iowa	40	45	42	48	45	2.6	2.9	2.7	3.1	2.9
Kansas	35	37	36	38	35	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.7	2.5
Kentucky	63	72	70	76	67	3.3	3.7	3.6	3.9	3.5
Louisiana	60	55	63	61	60	3.2	2.9	3.3	3.2	3.1
Maine	15	17	16	17	15	2.4	2.7	2.5	2.7	2.4
Maryland	56	61	68	72	71	2.1	2.3	2.5	2.7	2.6
Massachusetts	67	81	72	85	72	1.9	2.2	2.0	2.3	2.0
Michigan	123	110	110	126	121	3.0	2.5	2.5	2.9	2.8
Minnesota	57	72	72	70	70	2.0	2.5	2.5	2.4	2.4
Mississippi	38	39	38	39	39	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4
Missouri	80	80	70	98	95	2.8	2.8	2.4	3.4	3.3
Montana	18	19	20	19	19	3.7	3.8	4.0	3.7	3.8
Nebraska	25	29	30	33	28	2.5	2.8	2.9	3.2	2.7
Nevada	39	49	47	40	41	2.9	3.4	3.3	2.8	2.8
New Hampshire	15	21	17	20	21	2.3	3.1	2.5	2.9	3.1
New Jersey	89	112	111	105	76	2.2	2.7	2.7	2.5	1.8
New Mexico	21	24	25	25	24	2.6	2.8	3.0	3.0	2.8
New York	146	187	181	183	180	1.6	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.9
North Carolina	158	158	154	148	156	3.5	3.4	3.3	3.1	3.3
North Dakota	12	13	11	14	13	2.9	3.1	2.6	3.3	3.1
Ohio	135	181	145	137	134	2.5	3.3	2.7	2.5	2.4
Oklahoma	48	54	53	57	48	2.9	3.2	3.2	3.4	2.9
Oregon	60	58	58	54	54	3.2	3.0	3.0	2.8	2.8
Pennsylvania	97	123	131	120	158	1.7	2.1	2.2	2.0	2.7
Rhode Island	10	13	14	13	11	2.1	2.6	2.8	2.6	2.2
South Carolina	68	80	86	82	81	3.2	3.6	3.9	3.7	3.7
South Dakota	11	13	13	12	13	2.5	2.9	2.9	2.7	2.9
Tennessee	100	108	102	111	104	3.2	3.4	3.2	3.5	3.2
Texas	367	396	439	397	380	2.9	3.0	3.3	3.0	2.8
Utah	42	48	66	47	48	2.6	2.9	4.0	2.8	2.9
Vermont	7	9	9	7	8	2.4	3.0	3.0	2.3	2.7
Virginia	104	97	105	112	108	2.7	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.7
Washington	74	83	106	96	84	2.2	2.4	3.0	2.7	2.4
West Virginia	23	20	23	22	22	3.4	2.9	3.3	3.1	3.1
Wisconsin	74	83	79	79	70	2.6	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.4
Wyoming	10	12	13	10	11	3.6	4.2	4.6	3.5	3.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,343	1,354	1,416	1,312	1,389	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
Alabama	19	20	24	25	27	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.3
Alaska	4	4	4	4	5	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.6
Arizona	27	27	21	18	23	0.9	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.8
Arkansas	11	14	15	14	14	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
California	127	149	164	116	172	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.7	1.0
Colorado	23	34	27	25	31	0.8	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.1
Connecticut	19	17	15	14	16	1.2	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0
Delaware	5	5	5	4	5	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.1
District of Columbia	6	6	6	6	6	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
Florida	55	68	104	61	99	0.6	0.7	1.1	0.7	1.1
Georgia	50	45	77	55	66	1.1	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.4
Hawaii	4	4	4	4	5	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8
Idaho	8	8	6	8	9	1.0	1.0	0.7	1.0	1.1
Illinois	75	63	55	49	17	1.3	1.1	0.9	0.8	0.3
Indiana	33	26	26	22	11	1.1	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.3
Iowa	13	13	11	13	16	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	1.0
Kansas	18	14	9	10	11	1.3	1.0	0.6	0.7	0.8
Kentucky	17	20	24	25	20	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.3	1.0
Louisiana	19	20	18	17	19	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0
Maine	7	5	6	6	7	1.1	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.1
Maryland	22	37	28	25	23	0.8	1.4	1.0	0.9	0.8
Massachusetts	41	26	21	26	23	1.2	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6
Michigan	38	26	33	29	74	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.7	1.7
Minnesota	17	20	21	25	26	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.9
Mississippi	13	22	16	12	11	1.2	1.9	1.4	1.0	0.9
Missouri	19	28	21	26	22	0.7	1.0	0.7	0.9	0.8
Montana	6	7	5	5	7	1.2	1.4	1.0	1.0	1.4
Nebraska	8	9	7	9	10	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.9	1.0
Nevada	23	13	12	10	14	1.7	0.9	0.8	0.7	1.0
New Hampshire	7	7	8	7	7	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.0
New Jersey	38	38	60	39	49	1.0	0.9	1.4	0.9	1.2
New Mexico	5	7	6	6	7	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.8
New York	83	91	67	108	88	0.9	1.0	0.7	1.1	0.9
North Carolina	60	59	65	60	49	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.3	1.0
North Dakota	6	4	5	4	4	1.4	0.9	1.2	0.9	0.9
Ohio	48	38	40	50	53	0.9	0.7	0.7	0.9	1.0
Oklahoma	14	18	16	18	18	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1
Oregon	14	19	17	15	13	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.7
Pennsylvania	57	42	34	50	37	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.6
Rhode Island	6	6	5	6	5	1.3	1.2	1.0	1.2	1.0
South Carolina	18	20	23	25	19	0.8	0.9	1.0	1.1	0.9
South Dakota	4	3	3	3	5	0.9	0.7	0.7	0.7	1.1
Tennessee	35	38	43	37	27	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.2	0.8
Texas	109	96	123	81	98	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.6	0.7
Utah	13	15	13	14	19	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	1.1
Vermont	4	3	4	3	4	1.4	1.0	1.3	1.0	1.3
Virginia	49	37	42	63	40	1.3	0.9	1.0	1.6	1.0
Washington	18	31	20	21	24	0.5	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.7
West Virginia	6	6	7	8	7	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.0
Wisconsin	20	25	25	26	27	0.7	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
Wyoming	4	3	3	3	3	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,641	12,324	11,245	6.2	7.5	6.9
Alabama	144	171	156	6.6	7.6	7.0
Alaska	34	30	40	9.8	8.7	11.2
Arizona	209	227	184	6.6	6.9	5.7
Arkansas	78	101	96	5.7	7.1	6.8
California	919	1,329	1,282	5.2	7.1	6.8
Colorado	198	240	215	6.8	7.8	7.0
Connecticut	103	115	126	6.0	6.6	7.1
Delaware	31	40	34	6.4	8.0	7.0
District of Columbia	41	61	44	5.3	7.4	5.5
Florida	557	775	678	5.9	7.7	6.8
Georgia	372	457	379	7.6	8.8	7.4
Hawaii	36	52	44	5.9	7.9	6.7
Idaho	56	66	62	6.5	7.5	7.1
Illinois	347	536	403	5.7	8.2	6.2
Indiana	221	272	229	6.7	7.9	6.7
Iowa	98	149	120	6.0	8.7	7.0
Kansas	80	114	97	5.5	7.5	6.5
Kentucky	150	187	163	7.3	8.8	7.7
Louisiana	110	166	153	5.5	8.0	7.4
Maine	46	50	52	6.9	7.4	7.6
Maryland	206	233	219	7.2	7.9	7.4
Massachusetts	224	315	346	6.0	8.0	8.6
Michigan	378	388	379	8.3	8.3	8.0
Minnesota	193	256	233	6.3	8.2	7.4
Mississippi	86	89	93	7.0	7.2	7.4
Missouri	169	255	223	5.6	8.1	7.1
Montana	41	48	51	7.7	8.7	9.1
Nebraska	63	87	78	5.9	7.8	7.0
Nevada	115	117	110	7.9	7.5	7.0
New Hampshire	52	55	54	7.3	7.6	7.4
New Jersey	258	281	274	6.0	6.3	6.1
New Mexico	52	72	57	6.0	7.8	6.3
New York	518	581	509	5.4	5.8	5.1
North Carolina	292	413	373	6.0	8.0	7.3
North Dakota	30	36	35	6.6	7.9	7.6
Ohio	325	452	420	5.7	7.7	7.1
Oklahoma	103	141	122	5.9	7.7	6.7
Oregon	129	150	126	6.4	7.2	6.1
Pennsylvania	445	444	485	7.2	7.0	7.5
Rhode Island	33	43	42	6.5	8.0	7.8
South Carolina	171	207	176	7.4	8.6	7.3
South Dakota	33	38	39	6.9	8.0	8.0
Tennessee	229	282	258	6.9	8.1	7.4
Texas	814	1,104	974	6.1	7.7	6.8
Utah	95	118	110	5.6	6.6	6.2
Vermont	23	27	25	7.4	8.3	7.7
Virginia	277	343	335	6.6	7.8	7.6
Washington	181	260	230	5.1	7.0	6.2
West Virginia	56	67	59	7.5	8.7	7.6
Wisconsin	196	259	224	6.4	8.1	7.1
Wyoming	26	22	30	8.4	7.4	9.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,647	6,766	7,048	4.6	4.5	4.6
Alabama	109	110	97	5.4	5.3	4.6
Alaska	28	22	34	8.9	6.9	10.6
Arizona	106	147	136	3.6	4.8	4.5
Arkansas	61	65	63	4.7	4.9	4.8
California	655	684	620	3.9	3.9	3.5
Colorado	138	160	159	5.1	5.6	5.6
Connecticut	66	75	77	4.1	4.5	4.7
Delaware	25	27	27	5.4	5.9	5.8
District of Columbia	21	27	25	2.8	3.6	3.3
Florida	408	400	444	4.6	4.3	4.8
Georgia	297	267	305	6.6	5.6	6.4
Hawaii	27	35	31	4.6	5.8	5.1
Idaho	44	44	48	5.5	5.5	5.9
Illinois	276	248	303	4.8	4.1	5.0
Indiana	164	143	161	5.3	4.5	5.1
Iowa	81	66	82	5.3	4.2	5.2
Kansas	65	48	65	4.7	3.4	4.6
Kentucky	101	115	105	5.3	5.9	5.4
Louisiana	104	91	96	5.6	4.8	5.0
Maine	29	31	34	4.7	4.9	5.3
Maryland	107	131	116	4.0	4.9	4.2
Massachusetts	135	146	154	3.9	4.0	4.2
Michigan	224	169	196	5.4	3.9	4.5
Minnesota	104	119	128	3.7	4.1	4.4
Mississippi	63	56	58	5.6	4.9	5.0
Missouri	116	120	138	4.1	4.1	4.7
Montana	35	32	39	7.0	6.4	7.7
Nebraska	45	42	47	4.5	4.1	4.5
Nevada	96	94	100	7.1	6.5	6.9
New Hampshire	30	35	40	4.5	5.2	5.8
New Jersey	143	173	180	3.6	4.1	4.3
New Mexico	37	46	40	4.5	5.4	4.7
New York	311	321	350	3.5	3.4	3.7
North Carolina	281	250	252	6.1	5.3	5.3
North Dakota	22	20	23	5.3	4.6	5.4
Ohio	247	227	297	4.6	4.2	5.4
Oklahoma	77	110	85	4.6	6.6	5.0
Oregon	81	94	84	4.3	4.9	4.3
Pennsylvania	202	212	211	3.5	3.6	3.5
Rhode Island	25	26	26	5.1	5.3	5.2
South Carolina	106	116	124	4.9	5.3	5.6
South Dakota	26	20	26	5.7	4.5	5.8
Tennessee	169	158	163	5.5	4.9	5.0
Texas	582	647	669	4.6	4.9	5.0
Utah	77	78	72	4.8	4.7	4.4
Vermont	14	15	14	4.9	5.0	4.7
Virginia	179	199	184	4.6	4.9	4.6
Washington	124	147	128	3.7	4.2	3.7
West Virginia	38	35	40	5.5	5.0	5.5
Wisconsin	123	108	126	4.3	3.7	4.3
Wyoming	22	17	25	7.7	5.9	8.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,391	5,975	5,856	3.7	4.0	3.9
Alabama	90	104	90	4.4	5.0	4.3
Alaska	19	15	22	6.1	4.9	6.8
Arizona	131	133	140	4.5	4.4	4.6
Arkansas	56	55	59	4.3	4.2	4.5
California	538	616	688	3.2	3.5	3.9
Colorado	102	138	121	3.7	4.8	4.2
Connecticut	42	57	48	2.6	3.5	2.9
Delaware	19	20	20	4.2	4.4	4.3
District of Columbia	20	26	22	2.7	3.4	2.9
Florida	339	400	525	3.8	4.3	5.6
Georgia	233	272	247	5.1	5.7	5.2
Hawaii	19	22	21	3.3	3.6	3.5
Idaho	35	38	38	4.4	4.6	4.7
Illinois	220	209	169	3.8	3.5	2.8
Indiana	142	155	117	4.6	4.9	3.7
Iowa	59	65	67	3.8	4.1	4.2
Kansas	60	48	54	4.3	3.4	3.8
Kentucky	78	102	80	4.1	5.3	4.1
Louisiana	86	84	86	4.6	4.4	4.5
Maine	20	24	20	3.3	3.8	3.1
Maryland	74	95	88	2.8	3.5	3.2
Massachusetts	99	110	84	2.8	3.0	2.3
Michigan	165	157	192	3.9	3.7	4.4
Minnesota	77	97	96	2.7	3.4	3.3
Mississippi	55	52	51	4.8	4.5	4.4
Missouri	103	122	121	3.6	4.2	4.2
Montana	24	24	28	4.9	4.8	5.5
Nebraska	37	41	41	3.6	4.0	4.0
Nevada	65	51	58	4.8	3.5	4.0
New Hampshire	21	29	29	3.2	4.3	4.2
New Jersey	110	142	108	2.7	3.4	2.6
New Mexico	28	34	30	3.4	4.0	3.6
New York	221	310	266	2.5	3.3	2.8
North Carolina	230	211	215	5.0	4.5	4.5
North Dakota	21	17	19	4.9	4.0	4.5
Ohio	198	187	197	3.7	3.4	3.6
Oklahoma	67	82	68	4.1	4.9	4.0
Oregon	77	71	71	4.1	3.6	3.6
Pennsylvania	159	177	193	2.8	3.0	3.2
Rhode Island	15	19	16	3.1	3.8	3.2
South Carolina	84	111	94	3.9	5.0	4.2
South Dakota	16	14	19	3.6	3.2	4.2
Tennessee	152	155	140	4.9	4.8	4.3
Texas	524	540	508	4.2	4.1	3.8
Utah	58	73	69	3.6	4.4	4.2
Vermont	14	13	15	4.7	4.5	5.1
Virginia	154	185	153	3.9	4.6	3.8
Washington	87	124	103	2.6	3.6	3.0
West Virginia	30	31	30	4.3	4.4	4.1
Wisconsin	105	107	105	3.6	3.7	3.6
Wyoming	14	14	15	4.9	4.9	5.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,857	4,434	4,264	2.7	2.9	2.8
Alabama	67	74	60	3.3	3.5	2.9
Alaska	14	11	15	4.4	3.6	4.7
Arizona	97	108	105	3.3	3.6	3.4
Arkansas	41	40	41	3.2	3.1	3.1
California	381	462	479	2.3	2.6	2.7
Colorado	80	96	86	2.9	3.4	3.0
Connecticut	25	43	32	1.5	2.6	1.9
Delaware	14	14	14	3.0	3.0	3.0
District of Columbia	12	17	14	1.7	2.2	1.8
Florida	262	333	396	3.0	3.6	4.2
Georgia	173	196	177	3.8	4.1	3.7
Hawaii	15	16	15	2.6	2.7	2.5
Idaho	27	28	28	3.4	3.4	3.5
Illinois	148	152	143	2.6	2.5	2.4
Indiana	102	129	101	3.3	4.1	3.2
Iowa	46	50	51	3.0	3.2	3.3
Kansas	38	37	39	2.8	2.6	2.8
Kentucky	58	74	59	3.1	3.8	3.1
Louisiana	62	63	61	3.3	3.3	3.2
Maine	14	18	13	2.3	2.8	2.1
Maryland	50	70	63	1.9	2.6	2.3
Massachusetts	62	84	63	1.8	2.3	1.7
Michigan	123	127	119	2.9	3.0	2.8
Minnesota	58	70	71	2.0	2.4	2.4
Mississippi	40	37	39	3.5	3.2	3.3
Missouri	78	92	94	2.8	3.2	3.2
Montana	18	18	20	3.7	3.5	4.0
Nebraska	28	32	30	2.7	3.1	2.9
Nevada	40	39	42	3.0	2.7	2.9
New Hampshire	14	21	21	2.2	3.1	3.1
New Jersey	83	105	70	2.1	2.5	1.7
New Mexico	21	26	22	2.6	3.0	2.5
New York	142	188	176	1.6	2.0	1.9
North Carolina	156	151	156	3.4	3.2	3.3
North Dakota	13	13	14	3.0	3.0	3.3
Ohio	147	140	141	2.7	2.6	2.6
Oklahoma	51	57	49	3.1	3.4	2.9
Oregon	59	54	53	3.2	2.8	2.7
Pennsylvania	95	127	157	1.6	2.2	2.6
Rhode Island	10	13	11	2.1	2.7	2.2
South Carolina	61	83	71	2.8	3.8	3.2
South Dakota	12	11	14	2.7	2.5	3.1
Tennessee	106	110	108	3.4	3.4	3.4
Texas	370	413	378	2.9	3.1	2.8
Utah	46	52	50	2.9	3.1	3.0
Vermont	10	10	11	3.4	3.2	3.7
Virginia	105	124	109	2.7	3.1	2.7
Washington	67	94	74	2.0	2.7	2.1
West Virginia	23	22	22	3.3	3.2	3.1
Wisconsin	82	81	76	2.8	2.8	2.6
Wyoming	11	10	11	3.8	3.6	4.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)	May 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,225	1,238	1,288	0.8	0.8	0.8
Alabama	18	26	25	0.9	1.2	1.2
Alaska	4	3	5	1.3	1.0	1.5
Arizona	32	19	28	1.1	0.6	0.9
Arkansas	12	12	14	0.9	0.9	1.1
California	115	122	167	0.7	0.7	1.0
Colorado	18	33	24	0.7	1.2	0.8
Connecticut	14	11	13	0.9	0.7	0.8
Delaware	4	5	5	1.0	1.1	1.0
District of Columbia	7	7	7	0.9	0.9	1.0
Florida	61	53	110	0.7	0.6	1.2
Georgia	45	61	64	1.0	1.3	1.3
Hawaii	3	4	4	0.6	0.6	0.7
Idaho	6	8	8	0.8	0.9	0.9
Illinois	64	41	15	1.1	0.7	0.2
Indiana	33	21	10	1.1	0.7	0.3
Iowa	10	10	12	0.6	0.6	0.8
Kansas	18	8	12	1.3	0.6	0.9
Kentucky	16	23	17	0.9	1.2	0.9
Louisiana	19	17	19	1.0	0.9	1.0
Maine	5	5	5	0.7	0.8	0.8
Maryland	19	20	19	0.7	0.7	0.7
Massachusetts	31	19	17	0.9	0.5	0.5
Michigan	31	24	66	0.7	0.6	1.5
Minnesota	14	22	21	0.5	0.8	0.7
Mississippi	12	11	10	1.1	1.0	0.9
Missouri	19	25	22	0.7	0.9	0.8
Montana	5	5	6	1.1	1.0	1.2
Nebraska	7	7	9	0.7	0.7	0.9
Nevada	22	10	14	1.6	0.7	0.9
New Hampshire	5	6	6	0.8	0.9	0.9
New Jersey	23	29	33	0.6	0.7	0.8
New Mexico	5	6	6	0.7	0.8	0.8
New York	61	105	73	0.7	1.1	0.8
North Carolina	67	52	52	1.5	1.1	1.1
North Dakota	7	3	4	1.6	0.8	1.0
Ohio	39	37	44	0.7	0.7	0.8
Oklahoma	13	20	15	0.8	1.2	0.9
Oregon	15	13	14	0.8	0.7	0.7
Pennsylvania	52	41	30	0.9	0.7	0.5
Rhode Island	4	5	4	0.9	0.9	0.8
South Carolina	20	23	18	0.9	1.1	0.8
South Dakota	3	2	4	0.6	0.5	0.8
Tennessee	37	37	26	1.2	1.1	0.8
Texas	112	97	100	0.9	0.7	0.7
Utah	10	18	15	0.6	1.1	0.9
Vermont	3	3	3	1.1	1.0	1.1
Virginia	44	56	36	1.1	1.4	0.9
Washington	17	22	23	0.5	0.6	0.6
West Virginia	6	7	6	0.8	1.0	0.9
Wisconsin	16	21	23	0.6	0.7	0.8
Wyoming	2	3	3	0.9	1.0	0.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary