State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, October 18, 2023	USDL-23-2226
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			    STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – AUGUST 2023

Job openings rates increased in 13 states and decreased in 2 states on the last business day of August, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates increased in 4 states and decreased in 1 state. 
Total separations rates increased in 5 states and decreased in 4 states. Nationally, the job openings rate 
increased in August, while the hires and total separations rates were unchanged. 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In August, job openings rates increased in 13 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed in 35 
states and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in job openings rates occurred in Alaska  
(+3.7 percentage points), Utah (+1.4 points), and Iowa (+1.0 point). The decreases occurred in New 
Hampshire (-0.9 point) and New Jersey (-0.7 point). Over the month, the national job openings rate 
increased (+0.4 point). (See table 1.)

The number of job openings increased in 23 states, decreased in 2 states, and was little changed in 25 
states and the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases in the job openings level occurred in 
Illinois (+61,000) and New York (+46,000), as well as in Florida and Ohio (+42,000 each). The 
decreases occurred in New Jersey (-33,000) and New Hampshire (-7,000). Nationally, the number of job 
openings increased over the month (+690,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In August, hires rates increased in 4 states, decreased in 1 state, and were little changed in 45 states and 
the District of Columbia. The increases in the hires rates occurred in Alaska (+0.9 percentage point) and 
Kentucky (+0.8 point), as well as in New Jersey and Texas (+0.6 point each). The decrease occurred in 
California (-0.6 point). The national hires rate was unchanged over the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires increased in 4 states, decreased in 1 state, and was little changed in 45 states and 
the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases in the hires level occurred in Texas (+86,000), 
New Jersey (+28,000), and Kentucky (+17,000). The decrease occurred in California (-109,000).                         
Nationally, the number of hires changed little over the month. (See table 2.)

Total Separations

In August, total separations rates increased in 5 states, decreased in 4 states, and were little changed in 
41 states and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in total separations rates occurred in Illinois 
(+1.1 percentage points) and in Alaska, Nebraska, and North Dakota (+0.9 point each). The decreases 
occurred in New Hampshire (-1.0 point) as well as in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Jersey        
(-0.7 point each). Over the month, the national total separations rate was unchanged. (See table 3.)

The number of total separations increased in 8 states, decreased in 4 states, and was little changed in 
38 states and the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases occurred in Illinois (+67,000), 
Minnesota (+19,000), and Louisiana (+13,000). The largest decreases in the total separations level 
occurred in New Jersey (-32,000), Massachusetts (-25,000), and Connecticut (-13,000). Nationally, the 
number of total separations changed little over the month. (See table 3.)
 
Quits

In August, quits rates increased in 6 states, decreased in 3 states, and were little changed in 41 states 
and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in quits rates occurred in North Dakota               
(+0.7 percentage point) as well as in Louisiana and Nebraska (+0.6 point each). The decreases occurred 
in Connecticut and Florida (-0.6 point each) and in New Jersey (-0.5 point). Over the month, the national 
quits rate was unchanged. (See table 4.)

The number of quits increased in 10 states, decreased in 4 states, and was little changed in 36 states and 
the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases in the quits level occurred in Texas  
(+37,000), Illinois (+28,000), and Colorado (+15,000). The largest decreases occurred in Florida           
(-57,000), New York (-20,000), and New Jersey (-19,000). Nationally, the number of quits changed little 
over the month. (See table 4.)
 
Layoffs and Discharges 

In August, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 6 states, increased in 3 states, and were little 
changed in 41 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in layoffs and discharges rates 
occurred in Massachusetts (-0.7 percentage point) and in Mississippi and New Hampshire                      
(-0.6 point each). The increases occurred in Minnesota (+0.9 point), Illinois (+0.6 point), and New York           
(+0.3 point). Over the month, the national layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged. (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 7 states, increased in 3 states, and was little 
changed in 40 states and the District of Columbia in August. The largest decreases in the layoffs and 
discharges levels occurred in Massachusetts (-24,000), New Jersey (-20,000), and Virginia (-16,000). 
The increases occurred in Illinois (+37,000), New York (+29,000), and Minnesota (+25,000). 
Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  
	
_______________
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for September 2023 are scheduled to be 
released on Monday, November 20, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component ofthe Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	10,198	9,616	9,165	8,920	9,610	690	6.2	5.8	5.5	5.4	5.8	0.4
Alabama	139	137	138	129	138	9	6.2	6.0	6.0	5.6	6.0	0.4
Alaska	40	27	26	24	39	15	11.1	7.7	7.4	6.9	10.6	3.7
Arizona	241	200	184	199	201	2	7.2	6.0	5.5	5.9	6.0	0.1
Arkansas	96	99	91	84	91	7	6.7	6.8	6.3	5.8	6.2	0.4
California	1,161	912	926	975	1,011	36	6.1	4.8	4.9	5.1	5.3	0.2
Colorado	201	188	181	191	204	13	6.5	6.1	5.9	6.2	6.5	0.3
Connecticut	116	82	90	91	96	5	6.5	4.6	5.1	5.1	5.4	0.3
Delaware	34	35	33	33	33	0	6.7	6.7	6.4	6.4	6.4	0.0
District of Columbia	38	44	42	43	39	-4	4.7	5.4	5.1	5.3	4.8	-0.5
Florida	618	623	618	570	612	42	6.1	6.0	6.0	5.5	5.9	0.4
Georgia	382	371	340	323	350	27	7.3	7.0	6.5	6.2	6.6	0.4
Hawaii	39	33	31	33	36	3	5.9	5.0	4.7	4.9	5.4	0.5
Idaho	59	55	50	55	57	2	6.6	6.1	5.5	6.1	6.3	0.2
Illinois	412	422	363	349	410	61	6.4	6.4	5.6	5.4	6.3	0.9
Indiana	192	185	167	162	171	9	5.6	5.4	4.9	4.7	5.0	0.3
Iowa	105	102	85	75	92	17	6.3	6.0	5.1	4.5	5.5	1.0
Kansas	98	90	82	82	90	8	6.4	5.9	5.4	5.4	5.9	0.5
Kentucky	155	144	126	111	126	15	7.3	6.7	5.9	5.2	5.9	0.7
Louisiana	132	156	147	126	139	13	6.4	7.4	7.0	6.0	6.6	0.6
Maine	43	42	37	41	40	-1	6.3	6.1	5.4	6.0	5.8	-0.2
Maryland	181	204	197	165	183	18	6.2	6.9	6.7	5.7	6.2	0.5
Massachusetts	261	254	253	236	246	10	6.6	6.3	6.3	5.9	6.1	0.2
Michigan	261	247	239	216	239	23	5.6	5.3	5.1	4.6	5.1	0.5
Minnesota	205	208	199	192	214	22	6.5	6.5	6.3	6.0	6.7	0.7
Mississippi	82	87	85	80	83	3	6.6	6.9	6.8	6.4	6.6	0.2
Missouri	187	173	155	167	184	17	6.0	5.5	4.9	5.3	5.8	0.5
Montana	39	36	35	35	37	2	7.1	6.5	6.3	6.4	6.6	0.2
Nebraska	66	63	59	54	63	9	6.0	5.7	5.3	4.9	5.7	0.8
Nevada	99	104	92	92	104	12	6.2	6.3	5.6	5.6	6.2	0.6
New Hampshire	45	40	43	50	43	-7	6.1	5.4	5.8	6.7	5.8	-0.9
New Jersey	251	194	226	243	210	-33	5.5	4.3	5.0	5.3	4.6	-0.7
New Mexico	64	65	59	65	63	-2	7.0	7.0	6.3	7.0	6.8	-0.2
New York	513	434	446	441	487	46	5.1	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.8	0.5
North Carolina	341	407	330	316	343	27	6.6	7.7	6.3	6.0	6.5	0.5
North Dakota	28	30	28	26	28	2	6.1	6.5	6.0	5.6	6.0	0.4
Ohio	361	372	351	314	356	42	6.1	6.2	5.9	5.3	5.9	0.6
Oklahoma	124	128	120	104	116	12	6.8	6.9	6.5	5.7	6.3	0.6
Oregon	131	117	105	111	119	8	6.3	5.5	5.0	5.3	5.6	0.3
Pennsylvania	385	345	350	342	370	28	6.0	5.3	5.4	5.3	5.7	0.4
Rhode Island	36	27	29	29	31	2	6.7	5.2	5.5	5.6	5.9	0.3
South Carolina	163	177	168	168	175	7	6.7	7.2	6.8	6.8	7.1	0.3
South Dakota	30	31	28	25	30	5	6.2	6.3	5.7	5.2	6.1	0.9
Tennessee	231	237	225	189	225	36	6.6	6.7	6.3	5.4	6.3	0.9
Texas	890	824	782	774	809	35	6.2	5.6	5.3	5.3	5.5	0.2
Utah	114	105	95	105	133	28	6.3	5.7	5.2	5.7	7.1	1.4
Vermont	20	18	19	18	18	0	6.2	5.5	5.9	5.6	5.6	0.0
Virginia	309	305	290	243	274	31	7.0	6.9	6.5	5.5	6.2	0.7
Washington	207	180	168	189	195	6	5.5	4.7	4.4	4.9	5.1	0.2
West Virginia	55	56	53	52	54	2	7.3	7.4	7.0	6.9	7.1	0.2
Wisconsin	199	183	162	165	187	22	6.3	5.7	5.1	5.2	5.8	0.6
Wyoming	22	19	18	19	19	0	7.2	6.1	5.8	6.1	6.1	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,478	6,231	5,940	5,822	5,857	35	4.2	4.0	3.8	3.7	3.7	0.0
Alabama	96	107	96	97	96	-1	4.5	5.0	4.5	4.5	4.5	0.0
Alaska	24	21	20	16	19	3	7.5	6.5	6.2	4.9	5.8	0.9
Arizona	154	147	135	127	130	3	5.0	4.7	4.3	4.0	4.1	0.1
Arkansas	63	66	63	59	59	0	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.3	4.3	0.0
California	683	532	617	620	511	-109	3.8	2.9	3.4	3.4	2.8	-0.6
Colorado	125	119	112	87	101	14	4.4	4.1	3.9	3.0	3.5	0.5
Connecticut	58	58	52	61	63	2	3.5	3.4	3.1	3.6	3.7	0.1
Delaware	25	24	24	26	24	-2	5.3	4.9	4.9	5.4	5.0	-0.4
District of Columbia	24	28	25	26	24	-2	3.1	3.6	3.2	3.4	3.1	-0.3
Florida	399	402	377	388	381	-7	4.2	4.1	3.9	4.0	3.9	-0.1
Georgia	272	221	218	236	231	-5	5.6	4.5	4.4	4.8	4.7	-0.1
Hawaii	25	21	21	21	22	1	4.0	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.5	0.2
Idaho	46	42	37	38	34	-4	5.5	4.9	4.3	4.5	4.0	-0.5
Illinois	266	267	239	210	239	29	4.4	4.4	3.9	3.4	3.9	0.5
Indiana	145	153	123	138	119	-19	4.5	4.7	3.8	4.2	3.6	-0.6
Iowa	62	63	55	53	54	1	3.9	3.9	3.5	3.3	3.4	0.1
Kansas	56	59	52	56	55	-1	3.9	4.1	3.6	3.9	3.8	-0.1
Kentucky	106	92	85	82	99	17	5.4	4.6	4.2	4.1	4.9	0.8
Louisiana	103	105	115	111	102	-9	5.3	5.4	5.9	5.7	5.2	-0.5
Maine	26	25	24	23	26	3	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.6	4.0	0.4
Maryland	108	113	104	109	109	0	4.0	4.1	3.8	4.0	4.0	0.0
Massachusetts	114	113	121	120	124	4	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.2	3.3	0.1
Michigan	173	167	155	166	152	-14	3.9	3.8	3.5	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Minnesota	111	121	102	105	100	-5	3.8	4.1	3.4	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Mississippi	58	56	57	57	50	-7	5.0	4.8	4.9	4.9	4.3	-0.6
Missouri	130	116	102	99	106	7	4.4	3.9	3.4	3.3	3.5	0.2
Montana	31	28	28	25	24	-1	6.0	5.4	5.4	4.8	4.6	-0.2
Nebraska	39	42	40	38	39	1	3.8	4.0	3.8	3.6	3.7	0.1
Nevada	76	64	65	64	59	-5	5.1	4.1	4.2	4.1	3.8	-0.3
New Hampshire	27	28	25	29	30	1	3.9	4.0	3.6	4.2	4.3	0.1
New Jersey	139	161	168	146	174	28	3.3	3.7	3.9	3.4	4.0	0.6
New Mexico	42	37	34	39	33	-6	4.9	4.3	3.9	4.5	3.8	-0.7
New York	295	277	282	287	298	11	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.0	3.1	0.1
North Carolina	227	222	204	183	206	23	4.7	4.5	4.2	3.7	4.2	0.5
North Dakota	20	21	19	17	17	0	4.7	4.8	4.3	3.9	3.9	0.0
Ohio	232	214	200	189	196	7	4.2	3.8	3.6	3.4	3.5	0.1
Oklahoma	87	80	78	85	80	-5	5.1	4.6	4.5	4.9	4.6	-0.3
Oregon	114	88	77	70	72	2	5.8	4.4	3.9	3.5	3.6	0.1
Pennsylvania	221	205	181	177	187	10	3.7	3.3	3.0	2.9	3.0	0.1
Rhode Island	22	21	19	19	21	2	4.4	4.2	3.8	3.9	4.3	0.4
South Carolina	104	114	112	100	106	6	4.6	5.0	4.9	4.3	4.6	0.3
South Dakota	21	20	20	18	18	0	4.6	4.3	4.3	3.9	3.9	0.0
Tennessee	164	172	154	158	152	-6	5.0	5.2	4.6	4.8	4.6	-0.2
Texas	628	619	572	526	612	86	4.6	4.4	4.1	3.8	4.4	0.6
Utah	79	73	68	64	56	-8	4.7	4.2	3.9	3.7	3.2	-0.5
Vermont	13	13	12	11	13	2	4.3	4.2	3.9	3.6	4.2	0.6
Virginia	160	174	177	179	163	-16	3.9	4.2	4.3	4.3	3.9	-0.4
Washington	125	149	119	123	112	-11	3.5	4.1	3.3	3.4	3.1	-0.3
West Virginia	33	34	33	36	33	-3	4.8	4.9	4.7	5.1	4.7	-0.4
Wisconsin	115	124	108	100	111	11	3.9	4.1	3.6	3.3	3.7	0.4
Wyoming	15	13	13	13	12	-1	5.3	4.5	4.4	4.5	4.1	-0.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,244	5,925	5,691	5,638	5,676	38	4.1	3.8	3.6	3.6	3.6	0.0
Alabama	108	104	87	101	97	-4	5.1	4.8	4.0	4.7	4.5	-0.2
Alaska	30	17	16	20	23	3	9.4	5.2	4.9	6.1	7.0	0.9
Arizona	144	119	160	131	121	-10	4.6	3.8	5.1	4.1	3.8	-0.3
Arkansas	60	66	54	56	56	0	4.5	4.8	4.0	4.1	4.1	0.0
California	652	522	518	496	468	-28	3.7	2.9	2.9	2.7	2.6	-0.1
Colorado	114	106	110	106	115	9	4.0	3.6	3.8	3.6	3.9	0.3
Connecticut	56	64	56	60	47	-13	3.3	3.8	3.3	3.5	2.8	-0.7
Delaware	22	30	23	23	22	-1	4.6	6.2	4.7	4.8	4.6	-0.2
District of Columbia	25	28	25	25	24	-1	3.3	3.6	3.2	3.2	3.1	-0.1
Florida	433	408	412	363	328	-35	4.6	4.2	4.2	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Georgia	279	247	191	203	210	7	5.8	5.0	3.9	4.1	4.3	0.2
Hawaii	24	20	19	21	21	0	3.8	3.2	3.0	3.3	3.3	0.0
Idaho	44	36	35	39	40	1	5.3	4.2	4.1	4.6	4.7	0.1
Illinois	202	210	216	186	253	67	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.0	4.1	1.1
Indiana	140	132	131	132	132	0	4.4	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	0.0
Iowa	64	57	59	60	69	9	4.1	3.6	3.7	3.8	4.3	0.5
Kansas	53	54	65	49	58	9	3.7	3.7	4.5	3.4	4.0	0.6
Kentucky	94	99	84	85	84	-1	4.8	4.9	4.2	4.2	4.2	0.0
Louisiana	91	107	92	86	99	13	4.7	5.5	4.7	4.4	5.0	0.6
Maine	25	29	22	22	19	-3	3.9	4.5	3.4	3.4	2.9	-0.5
Maryland	114	117	95	103	110	7	4.2	4.3	3.5	3.8	4.0	0.2
Massachusetts	119	104	103	97	72	-25	3.2	2.8	2.7	2.6	1.9	-0.7
Michigan	134	164	154	152	158	6	3.1	3.7	3.5	3.4	3.6	0.2
Minnesota	108	101	111	110	129	19	3.7	3.4	3.7	3.7	4.3	0.6
Mississippi	65	63	51	60	53	-7	5.6	5.4	4.3	5.1	4.5	-0.6
Missouri	115	107	98	102	117	15	3.9	3.6	3.3	3.4	3.9	0.5
Montana	31	27	27	29	27	-2	6.0	5.2	5.2	5.6	5.2	-0.4
Nebraska	37	38	37	38	47	9	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.6	4.5	0.9
Nevada	67	65	65	64	62	-2	4.5	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.0	-0.1
New Hampshire	33	30	31	30	23	-7	4.8	4.3	4.4	4.3	3.3	-1.0
New Jersey	154	125	128	153	121	-32	3.6	2.9	3.0	3.5	2.8	-0.7
New Mexico	36	33	36	37	33	-4	4.2	3.8	4.1	4.3	3.8	-0.5
New York	278	283	256	250	267	17	2.9	2.9	2.6	2.6	2.7	0.1
North Carolina	206	217	198	202	218	16	4.3	4.4	4.0	4.1	4.4	0.3
North Dakota	18	16	20	18	22	4	4.2	3.7	4.6	4.1	5.0	0.9
Ohio	229	211	200	213	213	0	4.1	3.8	3.6	3.8	3.8	0.0
Oklahoma	80	75	76	74	71	-3	4.7	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.1	-0.2
Oregon	94	79	73	76	77	1	4.8	4.0	3.7	3.8	3.8	0.0
Pennsylvania	217	193	203	182	170	-12	3.6	3.2	3.3	3.0	2.8	-0.2
Rhode Island	21	21	17	20	17	-3	4.2	4.2	3.4	4.1	3.4	-0.7
South Carolina	107	104	96	100	106	6	4.7	4.5	4.2	4.3	4.6	0.3
South Dakota	16	18	19	20	21	1	3.5	3.9	4.1	4.3	4.5	0.2
Tennessee	163	166	133	143	141	-2	5.0	5.0	4.0	4.3	4.2	-0.1
Texas	608	554	571	541	561	20	4.5	4.0	4.1	3.9	4.0	0.1
Utah	79	79	70	75	77	2	4.7	4.6	4.1	4.3	4.5	0.2
Vermont	13	14	12	13	11	-2	4.3	4.6	3.9	4.2	3.6	-0.6
Virginia	153	184	164	175	164	-11	3.7	4.4	4.0	4.2	3.9	-0.3
Washington	118	120	114	136	130	-6	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.7	3.6	-0.1
West Virginia	34	35	37	35	35	0	4.9	5.0	5.3	5.0	5.0	0.0
Wisconsin	113	110	103	111	120	9	3.8	3.7	3.4	3.7	4.0	0.3
Wyoming	20	15	15	15	16	1	7.0	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.5	0.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	4,242	4,067	3,802	3,619	3,638	19	2.8	2.6	2.4	2.3	2.3	0.0
Alabama	78	81	62	63	68	5	3.7	3.8	2.9	2.9	3.2	0.3
Alaska	18	11	11	11	13	2	5.6	3.4	3.4	3.4	4.0	0.6
Arizona	105	90	104	94	83	-11	3.4	2.9	3.3	3.0	2.6	-0.4
Arkansas	42	48	37	37	39	2	3.1	3.5	2.7	2.7	2.8	0.1
California	419	341	340	312	279	-33	2.4	1.9	1.9	1.7	1.5	-0.2
Colorado	70	72	75	67	82	15	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.3	2.8	0.5
Connecticut	37	42	33	33	23	-10	2.2	2.5	2.0	2.0	1.4	-0.6
Delaware	16	21	16	15	15	0	3.4	4.3	3.3	3.1	3.1	0.0
District of Columbia	17	20	18	16	16	0	2.2	2.6	2.3	2.1	2.1	0.0
Florida	287	293	297	273	216	-57	3.0	3.0	3.1	2.8	2.2	-0.6
Georgia	179	164	128	143	138	-5	3.7	3.3	2.6	2.9	2.8	-0.1
Hawaii	16	13	12	12	13	1	2.6	2.1	1.9	1.9	2.1	0.2
Idaho	29	25	24	25	26	1	3.5	2.9	2.8	2.9	3.0	0.1
Illinois	130	136	149	112	140	28	2.1	2.2	2.4	1.8	2.3	0.5
Indiana	89	90	89	84	91	7	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.6	2.8	0.2
Iowa	43	35	36	38	45	7	2.7	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.8	0.4
Kansas	35	37	44	31	38	7	2.5	2.6	3.0	2.1	2.6	0.5
Kentucky	67	73	56	59	60	1	3.4	3.6	2.8	2.9	3.0	0.1
Louisiana	63	73	62	58	71	13	3.3	3.7	3.2	3.0	3.6	0.6
Maine	16	20	13	11	10	-1	2.5	3.1	2.0	1.7	1.5	-0.2
Maryland	74	80	64	62	73	11	2.7	2.9	2.3	2.3	2.6	0.3
Massachusetts	85	63	58	48	44	-4	2.3	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.2	-0.1
Michigan	91	103	105	92	95	3	2.1	2.3	2.4	2.1	2.1	0.0
Minnesota	74	70	74	70	68	-2	2.5	2.3	2.5	2.3	2.3	0.0
Mississippi	45	42	36	37	37	0	3.9	3.6	3.1	3.2	3.2	0.0
Missouri	74	75	62	66	79	13	2.5	2.5	2.1	2.2	2.6	0.4
Montana	21	19	18	16	17	1	4.1	3.7	3.5	3.1	3.3	0.2
Nebraska	25	24	24	24	30	6	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.9	0.6
Nevada	45	45	45	41	41	0	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.6	2.6	0.0
New Hampshire	18	17	19	15	12	-3	2.6	2.4	2.7	2.1	1.7	-0.4
New Jersey	113	76	68	90	71	-19	2.6	1.8	1.6	2.1	1.6	-0.5
New Mexico	25	23	25	21	21	0	2.9	2.7	2.9	2.4	2.4	0.0
New York	174	187	141	138	118	-20	1.8	1.9	1.5	1.4	1.2	-0.2
North Carolina	143	155	143	135	144	9	3.0	3.2	2.9	2.7	2.9	0.2
North Dakota	11	12	13	11	14	3	2.6	2.8	3.0	2.5	3.2	0.7
Ohio	155	141	132	137	146	9	2.8	2.5	2.3	2.4	2.6	0.2
Oklahoma	58	53	55	50	46	-4	3.4	3.1	3.2	2.9	2.7	-0.2
Oregon	58	53	49	46	47	1	3.0	2.7	2.5	2.3	2.3	0.0
Pennsylvania	156	123	126	122	108	-14	2.6	2.0	2.1	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Rhode Island	13	13	10	9	9	0	2.6	2.6	2.0	1.8	1.8	0.0
South Carolina	72	76	69	69	76	7	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.0	3.3	0.3
South Dakota	11	12	13	12	13	1	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.6	2.8	0.2
Tennessee	114	122	94	95	100	5	3.5	3.7	2.8	2.9	3.0	0.1
Texas	468	415	411	373	410	37	3.4	3.0	2.9	2.7	2.9	0.2
Utah	57	54	46	49	50	1	3.4	3.1	2.7	2.8	2.9	0.1
Vermont	9	9	7	7	7	0	3.0	2.9	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
Virginia	105	134	111	109	113	4	2.6	3.2	2.7	2.6	2.7	0.1
Washington	79	81	73	81	77	-4	2.2	2.2	2.0	2.2	2.1	-0.1
West Virginia	24	24	24	23	24	1	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.4	0.1
Wisconsin	77	73	71	69	73	4	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4	0.1
Wyoming	12	10	10	9	10	1	4.2	3.4	3.4	3.1	3.4	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	May 2023	June 2023	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Change from: July 2023 - Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,627	1,546	1,551	1,681	1,680	-1	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.0
Alabama	25	20	20	34	24	-10	1.2	0.9	0.9	1.6	1.1	-0.5
Alaska	10	4	5	7	8	1	3.1	1.2	1.5	2.1	2.4	0.3
Arizona	33	22	51	30	32	2	1.1	0.7	1.6	1.0	1.0	0.0
Arkansas	15	15	14	16	14	-2	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.0	-0.2
California	188	150	148	164	155	-9	1.1	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.0
Colorado	36	29	31	34	27	-7	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.2	0.9	-0.3
Connecticut	14	17	16	23	20	-3	0.8	1.0	0.9	1.4	1.2	-0.2
Delaware	6	7	6	7	6	-1	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.2	-0.2
District of Columbia	6	6	6	7	6	-1	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8	-0.1
Florida	112	99	96	74	82	8	1.2	1.0	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.0
Georgia	91	73	50	51	61	10	1.9	1.5	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.2
Hawaii	7	6	6	6	6	0	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.0
Idaho	13	10	10	11	11	0	1.6	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.3	0.0
Illinois	57	64	55	63	100	37	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.6	0.6
Indiana	41	34	34	42	35	-7	1.3	1.0	1.0	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Iowa	17	18	19	18	20	2	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.3	0.2
Kansas	15	14	17	14	18	4	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.2	0.2
Kentucky	22	21	24	22	20	-2	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Louisiana	22	25	24	24	23	-1	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.2	0.0
Maine	7	7	7	9	7	-2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.4	1.1	-0.3
Maryland	31	31	25	34	29	-5	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Massachusetts	26	31	35	44	20	-24	0.7	0.8	0.9	1.2	0.5	-0.7
Michigan	36	52	38	51	54	3	0.8	1.2	0.9	1.2	1.2	0.0
Minnesota	28	25	31	31	56	25	1.0	0.8	1.0	1.0	1.9	0.9
Mississippi	18	19	12	20	13	-7	1.5	1.6	1.0	1.7	1.1	-0.6
Missouri	34	24	28	28	31	3	1.2	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Montana	9	7	8	9	8	-1	1.8	1.4	1.5	1.7	1.5	-0.2
Nebraska	9	12	10	11	14	3	0.9	1.2	1.0	1.1	1.3	0.2
Nevada	19	17	18	18	17	-1	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.1	-0.1
New Hampshire	9	11	9	13	9	-4	1.3	1.6	1.3	1.9	1.3	-0.6
New Jersey	32	37	47	55	35	-20	0.7	0.9	1.1	1.3	0.8	-0.5
New Mexico	9	8	10	12	9	-3	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.4	1.0	-0.4
New York	82	84	91	99	128	29	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.3	0.3
North Carolina	47	51	44	51	62	11	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.3	0.3
North Dakota	6	4	5	6	7	1	1.4	0.9	1.1	1.4	1.6	0.2
Ohio	61	57	56	65	60	-5	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Oklahoma	18	19	18	19	21	2	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.2	0.1
Oregon	27	21	22	23	24	1	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.1
Pennsylvania	51	58	55	52	49	-3	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.0
Rhode Island	6	7	6	9	7	-2	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.8	1.4	-0.4
South Carolina	25	22	22	27	26	-1	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.1	-0.1
South Dakota	4	5	5	6	7	1	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.3	1.5	0.2
Tennessee	42	38	32	43	33	-10	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.0	-0.3
Texas	125	119	141	119	131	12	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.0
Utah	19	21	22	22	21	-1	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.2	-0.1
Vermont	3	4	3	5	3	-2	1.0	1.3	1.0	1.6	1.0	-0.6
Virginia	39	43	46	57	41	-16	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.4	1.0	-0.4
Washington	31	31	35	46	39	-7	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.3	1.1	-0.2
West Virginia	8	9	10	10	9	-1	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3	-0.1
Wisconsin	30	32	25	33	40	7	1.0	1.1	0.8	1.1	1.3	0.2
Wyoming	7	5	5	4	4	0	2.5	1.7	1.7	1.4	1.4	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	10,370	9,660	9,577	6.3	5.8	5.8
Alabama	141	135	138	6.3	5.9	6.1
Alaska	39	28	37	10.4	7.6	9.7
Arizona	264	206	222	7.9	6.2	6.6
Arkansas	105	89	97	7.3	6.1	6.7
California	1,167	1,040	1,011	6.2	5.5	5.3
Colorado	205	197	203	6.6	6.3	6.5
Connecticut	114	98	94	6.4	5.5	5.3
Delaware	30	44	28	6.0	8.3	5.5
District of Columbia	35	51	34	4.4	6.1	4.2
Florida	623	608	596	6.2	5.9	5.8
Georgia	388	347	348	7.4	6.6	6.6
Hawaii	39	38	36	6.0	5.7	5.5
Idaho	56	59	53	6.3	6.4	5.8
Illinois	403	369	398	6.2	5.6	6.1
Indiana	198	175	172	5.8	5.1	5.0
Iowa	98	80	83	5.9	4.8	5.0
Kansas	99	97	90	6.6	6.3	5.9
Kentucky	166	120	132	7.8	5.7	6.1
Louisiana	144	140	144	7.0	6.7	6.9
Maine	42	46	38	6.0	6.4	5.5
Maryland	170	197	160	5.9	6.7	5.5
Massachusetts	257	247	237	6.5	6.1	5.8
Michigan	274	224	240	5.9	4.8	5.1
Minnesota	204	216	208	6.4	6.7	6.4
Mississippi	95	91	93	7.6	7.3	7.4
Missouri	187	181	183	6.0	5.7	5.8
Montana	39	38	36	7.0	6.7	6.3
Nebraska	65	59	62	6.0	5.3	5.6
Nevada	101	92	103	6.3	5.6	6.2
New Hampshire	46	55	42	6.2	7.3	5.6
New Jersey	249	254	199	5.5	5.5	4.4
New Mexico	76	75	72	8.2	8.0	7.7
New York	517	493	501	5.1	4.8	4.9
North Carolina	347	345	335	6.7	6.6	6.4
North Dakota	28	27	28	6.2	5.8	6.1
Ohio	363	330	351	6.1	5.5	5.8
Oklahoma	130	112	118	7.1	6.1	6.4
Oregon	134	121	120	6.4	5.7	5.7
Pennsylvania	372	339	354	5.9	5.2	5.4
Rhode Island	38	30	32	7.1	5.6	6.1
South Carolina	160	184	168	6.6	7.4	6.8
South Dakota	31	24	31	6.4	5.0	6.1
Tennessee	254	218	239	7.2	6.2	6.8
Texas	953	877	849	6.6	5.9	5.8
Utah	113	110	134	6.3	6.0	7.2
Vermont	19	21	16	5.9	6.4	5.1
Virginia	309	267	263	7.0	6.0	6.0
Washington	207	211	191	5.5	5.4	5.0
West Virginia	57	60	53	7.6	7.8	7.0
Wisconsin	196	174	184	6.1	5.4	5.7
Wyoming	22	20	19	6.9	6.4	6.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	7,301	6,305	6,556	4.8	4.0	4.2
Alabama	105	100	105	5.0	4.7	4.9
Alaska	26	20	21	7.8	5.9	6.1
Arizona	189	139	162	6.1	4.5	5.2
Arkansas	85	61	80	6.4	4.5	5.9
California	801	671	588	4.5	3.7	3.3
Colorado	136	100	106	4.7	3.4	3.6
Connecticut	62	64	68	3.7	3.8	4.0
Delaware	23	36	22	4.8	7.3	4.5
District of Columbia	23	34	23	3.0	4.3	2.9
Florida	455	373	433	4.8	3.9	4.5
Georgia	311	267	266	6.4	5.5	5.4
Hawaii	27	26	24	4.4	4.1	3.9
Idaho	49	44	34	5.8	5.1	4.0
Illinois	291	218	265	4.8	3.5	4.3
Indiana	171	151	141	5.3	4.6	4.3
Iowa	64	54	54	4.1	3.4	3.4
Kansas	66	62	65	4.7	4.3	4.5
Kentucky	135	83	127	6.9	4.2	6.3
Louisiana	118	122	117	6.1	6.2	6.0
Maine	24	28	24	3.6	4.3	3.6
Maryland	100	135	98	3.7	4.9	3.5
Massachusetts	111	141	122	3.0	3.7	3.2
Michigan	184	163	160	4.2	3.7	3.6
Minnesota	128	115	110	4.3	3.8	3.7
Mississippi	77	63	66	6.7	5.4	5.6
Missouri	150	101	122	5.1	3.4	4.1
Montana	33	28	25	6.4	5.3	4.7
Nebraska	45	38	43	4.4	3.6	4.1
Nevada	92	66	70	6.1	4.2	4.5
New Hampshire	28	36	33	4.1	5.1	4.7
New Jersey	135	163	168	3.2	3.7	3.9
New Mexico	58	47	45	6.8	5.4	5.1
New York	303	346	307	3.2	3.6	3.2
North Carolina	255	197	232	5.3	4.0	4.7
North Dakota	22	16	19	5.2	3.8	4.4
Ohio	260	193	221	4.7	3.4	3.9
Oklahoma	102	89	95	6.0	5.2	5.5
Oregon	122	82	76	6.2	4.1	3.8
Pennsylvania	238	178	202	4.0	2.9	3.3
Rhode Island	24	19	22	4.7	3.9	4.4
South Carolina	116	108	118	5.1	4.7	5.1
South Dakota	25	17	21	5.5	3.6	4.6
Tennessee	188	168	176	5.8	5.1	5.3
Texas	735	564	731	5.4	4.1	5.3
Utah	94	68	64	5.6	4.0	3.7
Vermont	12	13	12	3.9	4.3	4.1
Virginia	189	189	187	4.6	4.6	4.5
Washington	138	146	118	3.9	4.0	3.2
West Virginia	38	41	38	5.5	5.8	5.4
Wisconsin	121	108	117	4.0	3.6	3.9
Wyoming	16	15	13	5.5	4.9	4.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	7,351	6,175	6,805	4.8	4.0	4.4
Alabama	126	109	116	6.0	5.1	5.4
Alaska	39	17	33	11.4	5.0	9.7
Arizona	154	158	127	5.0	5.1	4.0
Arkansas	68	71	64	5.1	5.3	4.7
California	769	537	551	4.3	3.0	3.1
Colorado	153	117	150	5.3	4.0	5.1
Connecticut	69	68	63	4.1	4.0	3.7
Delaware	27	23	25	5.7	4.7	5.2
District of Columbia	33	30	30	4.4	3.8	3.9
Florida	480	390	372	5.1	4.0	3.8
Georgia	309	226	238	6.4	4.6	4.8
Hawaii	31	24	29	5.1	3.8	4.6
Idaho	54	44	51	6.4	5.1	5.9
Illinois	235	188	287	3.9	3.1	4.7
Indiana	172	149	163	5.3	4.6	5.0
Iowa	80	62	91	5.1	3.9	5.7
Kansas	64	53	74	4.5	3.7	5.2
Kentucky	114	97	101	5.8	4.8	5.0
Louisiana	104	91	113	5.4	4.7	5.8
Maine	29	19	23	4.4	2.9	3.4
Maryland	141	109	137	5.2	3.9	5.0
Massachusetts	150	98	102	4.0	2.6	2.7
Michigan	157	172	183	3.6	3.9	4.1
Minnesota	118	112	145	4.0	3.7	4.8
Mississippi	78	68	66	6.7	5.8	5.7
Missouri	134	115	142	4.6	3.8	4.8
Montana	36	31	33	7.0	5.9	6.2
Nebraska	43	40	54	4.2	3.8	5.2
Nevada	78	74	71	5.2	4.8	4.5
New Hampshire	37	28	28	5.4	3.9	4.0
New Jersey	189	186	143	4.4	4.3	3.3
New Mexico	46	43	43	5.4	5.0	5.0
New York	351	286	359	3.7	2.9	3.7
North Carolina	245	227	264	5.1	4.6	5.3
North Dakota	22	18	27	5.1	4.2	6.1
Ohio	262	235	257	4.7	4.2	4.5
Oklahoma	98	83	85	5.8	4.8	5.0
Oregon	114	89	97	5.8	4.5	4.9
Pennsylvania	248	200	209	4.1	3.3	3.4
Rhode Island	24	21	20	4.7	4.2	4.1
South Carolina	122	108	121	5.4	4.7	5.3
South Dakota	20	18	27	4.4	4.0	5.8
Tennessee	181	159	158	5.6	4.8	4.8
Texas	719	583	670	5.3	4.2	4.8
Utah	94	79	94	5.6	4.6	5.4
Vermont	15	12	13	4.8	3.9	4.3
Virginia	183	181	193	4.5	4.4	4.7
Washington	144	152	154	4.0	4.1	4.2
West Virginia	41	44	42	5.9	6.2	5.9
Wisconsin	130	114	147	4.3	3.8	4.8
Wyoming	23	16	20	8.0	5.2	6.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,180	4,116	4,547	3.4	2.6	2.9
Alabama	94	69	83	4.5	3.2	3.9
Alaska	23	9	19	6.9	2.6	5.6
Arizona	115	113	88	3.7	3.7	2.8
Arkansas	50	46	47	3.7	3.4	3.4
California	508	362	336	2.9	2.0	1.9
Colorado	95	75	108	3.3	2.5	3.7
Connecticut	46	41	33	2.8	2.4	2.0
Delaware	20	15	18	4.1	3.1	3.8
District of Columbia	24	18	22	3.1	2.3	2.8
Florida	318	296	247	3.4	3.1	2.5
Georgia	216	161	166	4.5	3.3	3.4
Hawaii	21	14	19	3.4	2.2	3.0
Idaho	39	28	35	4.6	3.3	4.1
Illinois	169	126	183	2.8	2.0	3.0
Indiana	109	99	113	3.4	3.0	3.5
Iowa	56	41	60	3.6	2.6	3.8
Kansas	43	37	49	3.0	2.6	3.4
Kentucky	85	68	77	4.3	3.4	3.8
Louisiana	75	63	85	3.9	3.2	4.3
Maine	20	11	14	3.1	1.7	2.1
Maryland	96	68	95	3.5	2.5	3.5
Massachusetts	105	53	64	2.8	1.4	1.7
Michigan	119	111	124	2.7	2.5	2.8
Minnesota	84	75	79	2.8	2.5	2.6
Mississippi	55	41	48	4.7	3.5	4.1
Missouri	87	79	97	3.0	2.6	3.2
Montana	25	17	21	4.9	3.3	4.0
Nebraska	30	27	37	3.0	2.6	3.5
Nevada	55	47	49	3.7	3.0	3.1
New Hampshire	21	16	16	3.1	2.3	2.2
New Jersey	139	117	86	3.3	2.7	2.0
New Mexico	32	24	28	3.7	2.7	3.3
New York	228	170	176	2.4	1.7	1.8
North Carolina	174	149	176	3.6	3.1	3.6
North Dakota	15	13	17	3.4	2.9	4.0
Ohio	180	157	181	3.2	2.8	3.2
Oklahoma	74	58	58	4.4	3.4	3.4
Oregon	76	54	62	3.9	2.7	3.1
Pennsylvania	187	143	142	3.1	2.3	2.3
Rhode Island	16	11	12	3.2	2.3	2.3
South Carolina	83	73	89	3.7	3.2	3.8
South Dakota	14	12	18	3.0	2.6	3.8
Tennessee	130	108	118	4.0	3.3	3.6
Texas	581	409	515	4.3	2.9	3.7
Utah	72	52	65	4.3	3.0	3.8
Vermont	10	8	8	3.4	2.5	2.6
Virginia	130	119	137	3.2	2.9	3.3
Washington	99	96	95	2.8	2.6	2.6
West Virginia	30	28	30	4.3	4.0	4.3
Wisconsin	91	79	92	3.0	2.6	3.0
Wyoming	15	9	14	5.1	3.2	4.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)	Aug. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,755	1,658	1,846	1.1	1.1	1.2
Alabama	26	35	27	1.2	1.6	1.3
Alaska	14	6	12	4.1	1.7	3.4
Arizona	34	33	33	1.1	1.1	1.0
Arkansas	15	21	14	1.1	1.5	1.1
California	214	148	182	1.2	0.8	1.0
Colorado	51	36	36	1.8	1.2	1.2
Connecticut	17	23	25	1.0	1.3	1.5
Delaware	6	7	6	1.3	1.4	1.2
District of Columbia	7	8	6	0.9	1.0	0.8
Florida	119	76	82	1.3	0.8	0.8
Georgia	83	56	60	1.7	1.2	1.2
Hawaii	8	6	8	1.4	1.0	1.3
Idaho	13	12	12	1.5	1.4	1.4
Illinois	50	50	91	0.8	0.8	1.5
Indiana	50	42	43	1.6	1.3	1.3
Iowa	20	16	26	1.3	1.0	1.7
Kansas	17	12	22	1.2	0.9	1.5
Kentucky	24	23	20	1.2	1.1	1.0
Louisiana	22	24	23	1.2	1.2	1.2
Maine	7	6	7	1.0	1.0	1.1
Maryland	33	33	30	1.2	1.2	1.1
Massachusetts	36	38	30	1.0	1.0	0.8
Michigan	30	49	49	0.7	1.1	1.1
Minnesota	27	26	60	0.9	0.9	2.0
Mississippi	20	23	15	1.7	2.0	1.3
Missouri	38	27	38	1.3	0.9	1.3
Montana	10	10	9	1.8	1.9	1.8
Nebraska	10	10	15	1.0	0.9	1.4
Nevada	20	21	18	1.3	1.4	1.2
New Hampshire	10	10	9	1.5	1.4	1.3
New Jersey	39	58	39	0.9	1.3	0.9
New Mexico	12	14	12	1.5	1.6	1.4
New York	101	101	157	1.1	1.0	1.6
North Carolina	51	59	72	1.1	1.2	1.5
North Dakota	6	4	8	1.3	0.9	1.8
Ohio	66	66	66	1.2	1.2	1.2
Oklahoma	19	20	23	1.1	1.1	1.3
Oregon	29	26	28	1.5	1.3	1.4
Pennsylvania	48	47	48	0.8	0.8	0.8
Rhode Island	6	8	7	1.2	1.6	1.4
South Carolina	26	30	27	1.1	1.3	1.2
South Dakota	5	5	8	1.1	1.0	1.7
Tennessee	44	44	33	1.4	1.3	1.0
Texas	120	123	130	0.9	0.9	0.9
Utah	19	21	22	1.1	1.2	1.3
Vermont	3	4	4	1.1	1.2	1.3
Virginia	43	54	45	1.1	1.3	1.1
Washington	36	45	45	1.0	1.2	1.2
West Virginia	9	13	9	1.3	1.8	1.3
Wisconsin	31	25	47	1.0	0.8	1.6
Wyoming	7	4	5	2.5	1.4	1.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary