State Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, January 23, 2024	                     USDL-24-0095

Technical information:
 Employment:    (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov    *  www.bls.gov/sae   
 Unemployment:  (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau

Media contact:  (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- DECEMBER 2023


Unemployment rates were higher in December in 15 states, lower in 1 state, 
and stable in 34 states and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Eighteen states and the District had jobless rate 
increases from a year earlier, 15 states had decreases, and 17 states had little 
change. The national unemployment rate was unchanged at 3.7 percent but was
0.2 percentage point higher than in December 2022.

Nonfarm payroll employment was essentially unchanged in all 50 states and the 
District of Columbia in December 2023. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment 
increased in 30 states and was essentially unchanged in 20 states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian 
labor force and unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of 
households. These data pertain to individuals by where they reside. The employment
data are from an establishment survey that measures nonfarm employment, hours, and 
earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by where the 
establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical 
methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

Maryland and North Dakota had the lowest jobless rates in December, 1.9 percent
each. The next lowest rate was in South Dakota, 2.0 percent. Nevada had the highest
unemployment rate, 5.4 percent. In total, 16 states had unemployment rates lower 
than the U.S. figure of 3.7 percent, 5 states and the District of Columbia had higher
rates, and 29 states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the
nation. (See tables A and 1.)

In December, 15 states had over-the-month unemployment rate increases, the largest of
which were in Massachusetts and Rhode Island (+0.3 percentage point each). Minnesota 
had the only rate decrease (-0.2 percentage point). Thirty-four states and the District
of Columbia had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a month
earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the 
significant changes. (See table B.)

Eighteen states and the District of Columbia had unemployment rate increases from 
December 2022, the largest of which was in New Jersey (+1.5 percentage points). 
Fifteen states had over-the-year rate decreases, the largest of which were in 
Maryland and Oregon (-1.1 percentage points each). Seventeen states had jobless 
rates that were not notably different from those of a year earlier, though some 
had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant changes. 
(See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment was essentially unchanged in all 50 states and the 
District of Columbia in December 2023.

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 30 states and was essentially
unchanged in 20 states and the District of Columbia. The largest job gains occurred 
in Texas (+369,600), California (+311,600), and Florida (+240,600). The largest 
percentage increase occurred in Nevada (+3.8 percent), followed by Idaho and South
Dakota (+3.0 percent each). (See table D.)

_____________
The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for December 2023 is 
scheduled to be released on Tuesday, February 6, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The Regional 
and State Unemployment 2023 Annual Averages news release is scheduled to be released on 
Friday, March 1, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and Unemployment news 
release for January 2024 is scheduled to be released on Monday, March 11, 2024, at
10:00 a.m. (ET).


  _______________________________________________________________________________
 |										 |
 |          Upcoming Changes to Current Employment Statistics (CES) Data	 |
 |										 |
 | Effective with the release of January 2024 estimates on March 11, 2024, all   |
 | nonfarm payroll employment estimates for states and areas presented in tables |
 | 3 and 4 of this news release will be adjusted to 2023 benchmark levels. Not   |
 | seasonally adjusted data beginning with April 2022 and seasonally adjusted    |
 | data beginning with January 2019 are subject to revision. Some not seasonally |
 | adjusted and seasonally adjusted series may be revised as far back as 1990.   |
 |                                                                               |
 | Also effective with the release of January 2024 estimates on March 11, 2024,  |
 | the CES program will implement a new weight smoothing procedure for state and |
 | metropolitan area employment data. Background information on the new weight   |
 | smoothing procedure is available on the BLS website at                        |
 | www.bls.gov/osmr/research-papers/2014/pdf/st140140.pdf.                       |
 |_______________________________________________________________________________|


  _______________________________________________________________________________
 |										 |
 |          Upcoming Changes to Local Area Unemployment Statistics Data	         |
 |										 |
 | Effective with the release of Regional and State Unemployment 2023 Annual     |
 | Averages on March 1, 2024, the civilian labor force and unemployment data     |
 | for the states, the District of Columbia, and the modeled substate areas      |
 | presented in tables 1 and 2 of this news release will be revised to           |
 | incorporate updated inputs, new population controls, reestimation of models,  |
 | and adjustment to new census division and national control totals. The        |
 | population controls will continue to reflect a "blended base," with elements  |
 | from three independent data sources for April 1, 2020. Data in table 1 will   |
 | be re-seasonally adjusted as well. Both not seasonally adjusted and           |
 | seasonally adjusted data are subject to revision back to 2019.                |         
 |_______________________________________________________________________________|



Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different
from that of the U.S., December 2023, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------
                State                |          Rate(p)
--------------------------------------------------------------
United States (1) ...................|           3.7
                                     |
Alabama .............................|           2.6
California ..........................|           5.1
District of Columbia ................|           5.1
Florida .............................|           3.0
Hawaii ..............................|           2.9
Illinois ............................|           4.8
Kansas ..............................|           2.8
Maryland ............................|           1.9
Minnesota ...........................|           2.9
Montana .............................|           3.2
                                     |
Nebraska ............................|           2.3
Nevada ..............................|           5.4
New Hampshire .......................|           2.5
New Jersey ..........................|           4.8
New York ............................|           4.5
North Dakota ........................|           1.9
South Carolina ......................|           3.0
South Dakota ........................|           2.0
Utah ................................|           2.8
Vermont .............................|           2.2
Virginia ............................|           3.0
Wyoming .............................|           3.0
--------------------------------------------------------------
   (1) Data are not preliminary.
   (p) = preliminary.


Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from November 2023 to December 2023, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------| Over-the-month
             State              | November  | December  |    change(p)
                                |   2023    |  2023(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ........................|     2.4   |     2.6   |       0.2
Arkansas .......................|     3.3   |     3.4   |        .1
California .....................|     4.9   |     5.1   |        .2
Connecticut ....................|     3.6   |     3.8   |        .2
Florida ........................|     2.9   |     3.0   |        .1
Louisiana ......................|     3.5   |     3.7   |        .2
Maine ..........................|     3.0   |     3.2   |        .2
Maryland .......................|     1.8   |     1.9   |        .1
Massachusetts ..................|     2.9   |     3.2   |        .3
Minnesota ......................|     3.1   |     2.9   |       -.2
                                |           |           |
Montana ........................|     3.0   |     3.2   |        .2
New Hampshire ..................|     2.3   |     2.5   |        .2
New York .......................|     4.3   |     4.5   |        .2
Rhode Island ...................|     2.9   |     3.2   |        .3
Virginia .......................|     2.9   |     3.0   |        .1
Washington .....................|     4.0   |     4.2   |        .2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from December 2022 to December 2023, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------|  Over-the-year
             State              |  December | December  |    change(p)
                                |   2022    |  2023(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alaska .........................|     3.7   |     4.5   |       0.8
Arizona ........................|     4.0   |     4.3   |        .3
California .....................|     4.1   |     5.1   |       1.0
Colorado .......................|     2.8   |     3.4   |        .6
Delaware .......................|     4.6   |     4.2   |       -.4
District of Columbia ...........|     4.2   |     5.1   |        .9
Florida ........................|     2.7   |     3.0   |        .3
Georgia ........................|     3.1   |     3.4   |        .3
Hawaii .........................|     3.7   |     2.9   |       -.8
Idaho ..........................|     2.8   |     3.3   |        .5
                                |           |           |
Indiana ........................|     3.1   |     3.6   |        .5
Kentucky .......................|     3.9   |     4.3   |        .4
Maryland .......................|     3.0   |     1.9   |      -1.1
Massachusetts ..................|     3.7   |     3.2   |       -.5
Mississippi ....................|     4.0   |     3.3   |       -.7
Missouri .......................|     2.7   |     3.3   |        .6
Montana ........................|     2.6   |     3.2   |        .6
Nebraska .......................|     2.7   |     2.3   |       -.4
New Hampshire ..................|     2.9   |     2.5   |       -.4
New Jersey .....................|     3.3   |     4.8   |       1.5
                                |           |           |
New Mexico .....................|     3.5   |     4.0   |        .5
New York .......................|     4.1   |     4.5   |        .4
North Carolina .................|     3.8   |     3.5   |       -.3
North Dakota ...................|     2.1   |     1.9   |       -.2
Ohio ...........................|     4.1   |     3.7   |       -.4
Oklahoma .......................|     3.2   |     3.4   |        .2
Oregon .........................|     4.8   |     3.7   |      -1.1
Pennsylvania ...................|     4.3   |     3.5   |       -.8
Texas ..........................|     3.8   |     4.0   |        .2
Utah ...........................|     2.4   |     2.8   |        .4
                                |           |           |
Vermont ........................|     3.0   |     2.2   |       -.8
Washington .....................|     4.5   |     4.2   |       -.3
Wisconsin ......................|     3.0   |     3.3   |        .3
Wyoming ........................|     3.9   |     3.0   |       -.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from
December 2022 to December 2023, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             |  Over-the-year change(p)
            State             |   December  |   December  |---------------------------
                              |     2022    |    2023(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ......................|   2,136,000 |   2,169,200 |      33,200 |      1.6
Arizona ......................|   3,122,600 |   3,189,300 |      66,700 |      2.1
California ...................|  17,869,100 |  18,180,700 |     311,600 |      1.7
Delaware .....................|     477,000 |     486,400 |       9,400 |      2.0
Florida ......................|   9,620,100 |   9,860,700 |     240,600 |      2.5
Georgia ......................|   4,857,400 |   4,955,500 |      98,100 |      2.0
Idaho ........................|     837,400 |     862,400 |      25,000 |      3.0
Illinois .....................|   6,091,600 |   6,149,400 |      57,800 |       .9
Indiana ......................|   3,222,700 |   3,284,700 |      62,000 |      1.9
Kentucky .....................|   1,975,600 |   2,022,300 |      46,700 |      2.4
                              |             |             |             |       
Louisiana ....................|   1,936,600 |   1,973,900 |      37,300 |      1.9
Massachusetts ................|   3,723,900 |   3,793,700 |      69,800 |      1.9
Michigan .....................|   4,389,800 |   4,435,500 |      45,700 |      1.0
Minnesota ....................|   2,958,700 |   3,008,700 |      50,000 |      1.7
Missouri .....................|   2,957,000 |   3,005,100 |      48,100 |      1.6
Nevada .......................|   1,525,900 |   1,583,600 |      57,700 |      3.8
New Jersey ...................|   4,297,400 |   4,367,000 |      69,600 |      1.6
New Mexico ...................|     854,900 |     875,800 |      20,900 |      2.4
North Carolina ...............|   4,852,500 |   4,951,900 |      99,400 |      2.0
North Dakota .................|     430,400 |     439,700 |       9,300 |      2.2
                              |             |             |             |       
Ohio .........................|   5,554,700 |   5,661,100 |     106,400 |      1.9
Pennsylvania .................|   6,071,000 |   6,182,700 |     111,700 |      1.8
South Carolina ...............|   2,263,700 |   2,323,300 |      59,600 |      2.6
South Dakota .................|     456,900 |     470,700 |      13,800 |      3.0
Texas ........................|  13,733,700 |  14,103,300 |     369,600 |      2.7
Utah .........................|   1,695,500 |   1,727,000 |      31,500 |      1.9
Washington ...................|   3,585,500 |   3,653,600 |      68,100 |      1.9
West Virginia ................|     694,900 |     712,900 |      18,000 |      2.6
Wisconsin ....................|   2,983,800 |   3,026,500 |      42,700 |      1.4
Wyoming ......................|     288,400 |     296,500 |       8,100 |      2.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.

Technical Note
 
   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data for states and selected substate
   areas from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2). Also presented are
   nonfarm payroll employment estimates by state and industry supersector from the Current Employment
   Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
   endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions
   as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a
   sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
   Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed people and unemployed people on a place of-residence basis. The
   universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed people
   are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including
   the 12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not
   working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as
   bad weather, labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation.
   
   Unemployed people are those who were not employed during the reference week (based on the definition above),
   had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the reference week, and were 
   currently available for work; people on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted
   as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate
   is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale
   metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of California and New York State are produced using
   time-series models. This method, which underwent substantial enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes
   data from several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) programs. 
   Estimates for the state of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-
   Glendale metropolitan division and the balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State are
   derived by summing the estimates for New York City and the balance of New York State. Estimates for the 
   five additional substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn
   metropolitan areas and the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami Beach Kendall, and Seattle-
   Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) and their respective balances of state are produced using a similar
   model-based approach.
   
   Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are modeled using inputs from the CPS only and
   controlled to the national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their respective census division
   totals. Substate and balance-of-state estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to their
   respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called
   real-time benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to 
   the CPS. A more detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data for prior years reflect adjustments made after
   the end of each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau,
   any revisions in the other data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical data for the
   most recent five years are revised near the beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January
   estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of time series models in 2021, historical data were
   re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

   Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend,
   seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals of employed and unemployed people first are
   adjusted using an X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then are smoothed using a
   Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed and
   unemployed people are summed to derive the civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 
   calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted
   unemployment rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published on the BLS website.
   
   During estimation for the current year, the smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are
   created using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from previous observations only. For
   annual revisions, historical data are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

   Area definitions. The substate area data published in this release reflect the delineations that were issued
   by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A detailed list of the geographic definitions
   is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment--from the CES program

   Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of
   the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted at their place of work rather than
   at their place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. 
   Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2022 version of
   the North American Industry Classification System. 

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several estimation procedures.
   Where possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link relative" estimation technique in which a
   ratio of current month weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed
   from a sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month
   are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted
   link relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample size meets certain statistical criteria.
   For some employment series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct sample estimates 
   (described above) combined with other regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

   Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks,
   derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment
   insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new
   benchmark and the preceding one and to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus,
   the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-
   to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions is 
   available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/bmrk_article.htm.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector
   level. In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total is computed by aggregating the
   independently adjusted supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total
   is independently adjusted. Revisions to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 
   year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.
   
   Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates including those
   for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent sample-based factors are 
   created every month for the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous month’s final 
   estimate. 

   Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data
   for each individual state. BLS independently develops a national employment series; state estimates are
   not forced to sum to national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative sampling and 
   nonsampling errors than the national series. Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level
   errors and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations,
   BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" employment series and cautions users that such a series is subject
   to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

    The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling
    and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling 
    variability—that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population
    is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced
    into the data collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys
    are subject to additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used.

    Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are 
    cited in the analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be statistically significant
    at the 90-percent confidence level. Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month generally
    are cited only if they have been determined to be significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 
    90-percent confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error measures for unemployment rates
    and over-the-month and over-the-year changes in rates are available at www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm.
    The underlying standard error measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state payroll
    employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector levels are available at 
    www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

    Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll
    employment from the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions are available in
    the news release Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force,
    employed people, unemployed people, and unemployment rates for approximately 7,600 subnational areas
    are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and 
    metropolitan areas are available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or
    have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Number				Percent of labor force
					Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)
Alabama	2,283,890	2,313,224	2,318,659	2,323,552	59,986	52,182	55,462	59,454	2.6	2.3	2.4	2.6
Alaska	356,433	357,736	358,123	358,018	13,249	15,373	15,736	16,098	3.7	4.3	4.4	4.5
Arizona	3,640,559	3,719,059	3,731,906	3,738,201	145,861	154,881	159,311	160,971	4.0	4.2	4.3	4.3
Arkansas	1,373,033	1,393,178	1,392,889	1,391,742	47,352	42,593	45,307	47,798	3.4	3.1	3.3	3.4
California	19,272,358	19,373,596	19,360,472	19,356,852	790,262	931,500	953,838	982,995	4.1	4.8	4.9	5.1
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	4,949,290	5,017,552	4,998,367	4,981,339	228,496	261,194	263,893	266,496	4.6	5.2	5.3	5.3
Colorado	3,198,338	3,246,997	3,249,737	3,249,321	89,130	105,946	107,906	109,569	2.8	3.3	3.3	3.4
Connecticut	1,914,328	1,898,950	1,900,075	1,900,006	76,207	65,657	67,830	72,024	4.0	3.5	3.6	3.8
Delaware	495,435	509,289	510,181	511,122	23,030	21,422	21,634	21,722	4.6	4.2	4.2	4.2
District of Columbia	388,214	396,673	398,217	400,206	16,349	19,881	19,997	20,458	4.2	5.0	5.0	5.1
Florida	10,839,794	11,173,177	11,190,196	11,194,351	290,801	317,963	324,088	334,018	2.7	2.8	2.9	3.0
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,383,368	1,385,483	1,389,294	1,390,718	29,831	22,079	20,206	20,957	2.2	1.6	1.5	1.5
Georgia	5,233,716	5,349,254	5,360,623	5,363,487	161,461	182,950	184,453	182,513	3.1	3.4	3.4	3.4
Hawaii	679,695	675,131	675,156	674,915	25,191	19,388	19,523	19,902	3.7	2.9	2.9	2.9
Idaho	954,796	971,153	973,944	975,560	26,377	31,459	32,203	32,641	2.8	3.2	3.3	3.3
Illinois	6,469,544	6,451,166	6,464,012	6,465,934	297,260	296,625	306,191	310,209	4.6	4.6	4.7	4.8
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,860,600	3,805,365	3,811,376	3,808,339	187,425	157,726	168,126	172,786	4.9	4.1	4.4	4.5
Indiana	3,410,069	3,421,643	3,423,251	3,420,262	107,399	123,269	125,247	124,005	3.1	3.6	3.7	3.6
Iowa	1,722,709	1,735,944	1,729,262	1,720,760	52,349	55,991	57,212	55,783	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.2
Kansas	1,505,800	1,521,168	1,519,456	1,516,911	43,868	44,065	43,728	43,004	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.8
Kentucky	2,039,859	2,040,632	2,036,642	2,032,992	80,066	85,550	87,273	87,681	3.9	4.2	4.3	4.3
Louisiana	2,083,547	2,087,258	2,087,074	2,087,724	73,536	69,849	72,958	77,792	3.5	3.3	3.5	3.7
Maine	671,868	686,867	689,764	691,403	20,517	19,279	20,501	21,812	3.1	2.8	3.0	3.2
Maryland	3,161,834	3,197,464	3,196,173	3,196,995	95,998	55,417	56,506	62,163	3.0	1.7	1.8	1.9
Massachusetts	3,726,395	3,721,368	3,729,003	3,742,856	136,827	102,480	107,689	120,269	3.7	2.8	2.9	3.2
Michigan	4,833,347	5,012,896	5,036,465	5,045,114	209,071	206,962	215,745	216,300	4.3	4.1	4.3	4.3
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,101,880	2,177,674	2,187,667	2,193,448	78,054	83,139	89,696	90,972	3.7	3.8	4.1	4.1
Minnesota	3,085,863	3,114,307	3,106,774	3,100,184	90,924	100,082	96,129	91,336	2.9	3.2	3.1	2.9
Mississippi	1,242,067	1,232,793	1,230,668	1,230,121	50,106	40,222	40,252	40,132	4.0	3.3	3.3	3.3
Missouri	3,067,527	3,129,508	3,125,319	3,119,953	81,965	97,822	100,929	101,920	2.7	3.1	3.2	3.3
Montana	569,549	579,158	580,532	581,755	15,073	16,431	17,293	18,501	2.6	2.8	3.0	3.2
Nebraska	1,060,024	1,059,437	1,059,118	1,058,103	28,181	23,293	24,106	24,661	2.7	2.2	2.3	2.3
Nevada	1,568,319	1,607,481	1,616,309	1,622,594	86,543	87,220	87,152	87,485	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.4
New Hampshire	769,222	759,294	761,068	762,154	22,036	16,288	17,716	18,819	2.9	2.1	2.3	2.5
New Jersey	4,764,691	4,858,862	4,848,233	4,840,645	157,204	223,153	227,945	231,786	3.3	4.6	4.7	4.8
New Mexico	944,992	966,547	968,473	969,463	32,785	36,990	37,802	38,486	3.5	3.8	3.9	4.0
New York	9,626,379	9,774,474	9,787,826	9,780,255	395,461	409,476	420,640	435,952	4.1	4.2	4.3	4.5
New York City	4,112,579	4,156,395	4,147,891	4,137,830	209,936	222,534	221,029	223,172	5.1	5.4	5.3	5.4
North Carolina	5,160,268	5,272,521	5,277,812	5,279,275	198,043	179,398	182,196	185,281	3.8	3.4	3.5	3.5
North Dakota	414,630	417,198	416,975	416,791	8,850	7,869	7,827	7,824	2.1	1.9	1.9	1.9
Ohio	5,720,233	5,808,596	5,808,567	5,805,668	235,746	206,840	211,556	214,255	4.1	3.6	3.6	3.7
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,022,685	1,041,658	1,043,370	1,042,893	45,829	39,086	39,097	39,333	4.5	3.8	3.7	3.8
Oklahoma	1,890,029	1,957,399	1,965,413	1,973,991	59,659	62,100	65,393	68,069	3.2	3.2	3.3	3.4
Oregon	2,183,610	2,144,399	2,147,592	2,152,317	104,143	76,598	78,205	80,494	4.8	3.6	3.6	3.7
Pennsylvania	6,481,162	6,499,241	6,515,950	6,528,257	281,447	223,303	224,716	225,723	4.3	3.4	3.4	3.5
Rhode Island	566,352	572,880	574,155	575,122	18,157	15,644	16,683	18,221	3.2	2.7	2.9	3.2
South Carolina	2,371,550	2,465,087	2,471,675	2,476,805	77,159	71,873	73,338	74,852	3.3	2.9	3.0	3.0
South Dakota	475,056	484,760	485,200	485,365	10,346	9,861	9,917	9,932	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.0
Tennessee	3,322,094	3,392,754	3,397,603	3,402,653	115,593	113,493	118,495	120,771	3.5	3.3	3.5	3.5
Texas	14,706,480	15,162,096	15,192,755	15,203,934	560,929	625,307	616,227	609,031	3.8	4.1	4.1	4.0
Utah	1,753,994	1,812,970	1,813,353	1,813,318	42,567	49,238	50,332	50,905	2.4	2.7	2.8	2.8
Vermont	343,969	349,914	351,071	352,076	10,378	7,135	7,544	7,739	3.0	2.0	2.1	2.2
Virginia	4,470,272	4,615,515	4,624,829	4,623,066	139,741	122,801	132,139	138,771	3.1	2.7	2.9	3.0
Washington	4,015,286	4,055,976	4,057,720	4,059,627	182,517	153,315	161,573	170,380	4.5	3.8	4.0	4.2
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,781,209	1,817,235	1,820,884	1,820,891	57,086	61,097	64,745	66,198	3.2	3.4	3.6	3.6
West Virginia	784,323	790,479	791,058	791,571	31,859	31,977	32,882	33,685	4.1	4.0	4.2	4.3
Wisconsin	3,068,610	3,142,324	3,146,370	3,148,592	91,940	102,034	104,192	104,731	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.3
Wyoming	293,595	298,201	298,253	297,661	11,348	8,751	9,020	8,968	3.9	2.9	3.0	3.0
Puerto Rico	1,188,817	1,197,592	1,207,117	1,210,979	71,625	68,937	68,651	68,665	6.0	5.8	5.7	5.7
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	November		December		Number				Percent of labor force
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	November		December		November		December
					2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	2,284,604	2,340,322	2,286,709	2,329,102	51,233	57,953	49,167	61,670	2.2	2.5	2.2	2.6
Alaska	354,496	358,102	354,714	354,046	13,152	15,778	12,822	16,392	3.7	4.4	3.6	4.6
Arizona	3,647,457	3,765,484	3,645,105	3,726,943	130,494	149,827	120,978	141,162	3.6	4.0	3.3	3.8
Arkansas	1,364,205	1,380,208	1,362,369	1,372,350	38,916	42,531	39,515	46,735	2.9	3.1	2.9	3.4
California	19,350,057	19,382,806	19,336,344	19,207,991	779,616	946,463	748,684	972,262	4.0	4.9	3.9	5.1
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	4,986,416	4,960,636	4,965,511	4,894,827	226,284	245,824	218,468	243,656	4.5	5.0	4.4	5.0
Colorado	3,203,799	3,269,255	3,202,346	3,235,414	88,386	104,649	81,136	105,087	2.8	3.2	2.5	3.2
Connecticut	1,915,432	1,907,862	1,901,411	1,886,117	65,299	66,366	61,252	73,068	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.9
Delaware	493,999	508,380	494,576	510,830	20,874	19,100	20,600	18,971	4.2	3.8	4.2	3.7
District of Columbia	386,175	400,785	386,520	402,075	15,712	19,247	15,733	19,176	4.1	4.8	4.1	4.8
Florida	10,828,238	11,184,520	10,862,301	11,121,678	284,382	325,848	250,216	321,827	2.6	2.9	2.3	2.9
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,379,414	1,411,953	1,397,307	1,391,159	28,781	19,285	27,771	22,694	2.1	1.4	2.0	1.6
Georgia	5,231,596	5,369,686	5,248,482	5,336,733	146,249	163,138	145,435	153,551	2.8	3.0	2.8	2.9
Hawaii	680,226	678,256	680,927	672,952	26,347	19,835	23,514	19,211	3.9	2.9	3.5	2.9
Idaho	953,486	978,789	952,696	971,638	23,973	30,495	22,824	30,567	2.5	3.1	2.4	3.1
Illinois	6,456,955	6,498,213	6,438,153	6,404,211	268,071	272,744	260,429	269,963	4.2	4.2	4.0	4.2
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,848,800	3,833,436	3,838,545	3,762,879	168,589	166,272	162,187	145,962	4.4	4.3	4.2	3.9
Indiana	3,408,814	3,436,138	3,396,110	3,384,774	99,838	118,038	87,295	96,202	2.9	3.4	2.6	2.8
Iowa	1,720,546	1,707,076	1,716,118	1,687,655	45,111	48,701	49,754	44,983	2.6	2.9	2.9	2.7
Kansas	1,506,563	1,511,087	1,507,786	1,501,833	38,166	32,132	36,930	30,612	2.5	2.1	2.4	2.0
Kentucky	2,034,283	2,029,527	2,030,826	2,019,568	68,575	79,832	66,610	77,502	3.4	3.9	3.3	3.8
Louisiana	2,089,080	2,089,964	2,083,961	2,071,208	66,367	73,233	66,596	78,483	3.2	3.5	3.2	3.8
Maine	666,439	694,095	666,164	685,741	19,003	21,942	17,994	23,245	2.9	3.2	2.7	3.4
Maryland	3,156,027	3,190,446	3,163,206	3,175,604	88,603	56,436	79,530	64,387	2.8	1.8	2.5	2.0
Massachusetts	3,715,913	3,744,869	3,715,508	3,747,957	120,931	104,563	123,092	130,561	3.3	2.8	3.3	3.5
Michigan	4,825,413	5,077,787	4,820,879	5,007,910	170,445	180,413	181,172	177,226	3.5	3.6	3.8	3.5
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,101,369	2,206,735	2,110,988	2,199,087	65,092	85,499	68,384	72,983	3.1	3.9	3.2	3.3
Minnesota	3,078,424	3,072,985	3,085,422	3,077,287	75,792	58,165	97,776	79,223	2.5	1.9	3.2	2.6
Mississippi	1,236,060	1,224,803	1,236,831	1,226,148	43,490	31,661	41,105	32,428	3.5	2.6	3.3	2.6
Missouri	3,053,880	3,090,934	3,063,184	3,081,975	68,723	88,313	68,213	86,522	2.3	2.9	2.2	2.8
Montana	566,024	581,251	565,461	578,459	12,762	17,403	14,453	21,793	2.3	3.0	2.6	3.8
Nebraska	1,057,744	1,056,704	1,056,963	1,048,287	23,789	21,568	24,433	22,850	2.2	2.0	2.3	2.2
Nevada	1,566,809	1,634,406	1,562,272	1,620,298	82,969	79,043	80,095	81,737	5.3	4.8	5.1	5.0
New Hampshire	766,352	764,677	767,992	759,646	20,341	19,349	19,214	19,066	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.5
New Jersey	4,761,059	4,813,602	4,775,069	4,819,766	146,522	208,611	148,454	215,650	3.1	4.3	3.1	4.5
New Mexico	949,624	979,095	950,456	970,448	29,828	36,546	28,052	35,253	3.1	3.7	3.0	3.6
New York	9,563,388	9,786,493	9,574,556	9,645,984	365,500	395,592	366,139	426,712	3.8	4.0	3.8	4.4
New York City	4,095,236	4,121,463	4,113,259	4,080,873	206,445	195,078	205,284	207,156	5.0	4.7	5.0	5.1
North Carolina	5,144,500	5,264,056	5,126,883	5,225,936	184,461	177,149	163,788	167,065	3.6	3.4	3.2	3.2
North Dakota	410,014	412,196	409,011	409,259	7,086	5,819	8,347	7,131	1.7	1.4	2.0	1.7
Ohio	5,700,958	5,809,995	5,698,019	5,741,173	192,853	174,939	197,925	178,534	3.4	3.0	3.5	3.1
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,014,043	1,045,531	1,010,141	1,015,339	36,204	28,486	34,491	31,257	3.6	2.7	3.4	3.1
Oklahoma	1,896,655	1,980,598	1,886,457	1,978,615	54,446	64,744	49,524	64,012	2.9	3.3	2.6	3.2
Oregon	2,185,639	2,161,117	2,176,351	2,159,283	99,348	74,807	99,086	83,367	4.5	3.5	4.6	3.9
Pennsylvania	6,454,677	6,550,383	6,452,027	6,493,055	253,823	192,925	247,618	190,448	3.9	2.9	3.8	2.9
Rhode Island	566,590	578,755	562,580	574,161	16,872	18,363	13,110	18,979	3.0	3.2	2.3	3.3
South Carolina	2,351,868	2,469,138	2,357,355	2,463,552	66,880	72,408	70,510	75,252	2.8	2.9	3.0	3.1
South Dakota	473,627	483,823	472,483	479,519	9,011	8,175	10,256	9,739	1.9	1.7	2.2	2.0
Tennessee	3,308,733	3,395,592	3,300,137	3,392,133	104,278	114,194	96,764	102,515	3.2	3.4	2.9	3.0
Texas	14,765,864	15,276,313	14,773,939	15,147,835	543,279	534,672	513,171	528,483	3.7	3.5	3.5	3.5
Utah	1,762,976	1,821,316	1,761,651	1,809,122	38,865	46,982	37,320	45,679	2.2	2.6	2.1	2.5
Vermont	342,596	352,498	342,924	351,165	9,451	7,033	9,179	6,924	2.8	2.0	2.7	2.0
Virginia	4,449,271	4,607,249	4,457,897	4,547,751	133,361	133,782	117,355	123,186	3.0	2.9	2.6	2.7
Washington	4,016,778	4,071,955	4,027,238	4,044,730	177,306	172,260	184,170	187,109	4.4	4.2	4.6	4.6
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,767,151	1,831,152	1,779,111	1,806,714	51,678	70,644	53,616	63,178	2.9	3.9	3.0	3.5
West Virginia	780,781	785,044	776,499	783,556	26,791	28,349	26,253	31,021	3.4	3.6	3.4	4.0
Wisconsin	3,061,150	3,149,521	3,045,784	3,124,860	75,738	86,323	68,255	85,678	2.5	2.7	2.2	2.7
Wyoming	293,469	298,574	292,126	292,264	10,434	8,994	10,374	7,416	3.6	3.0	3.6	2.5
Puerto Rico	1,205,411	1,229,111	1,222,390	1,217,808	74,805	70,396	73,342	70,173	6.2	5.7	6.0	5.8
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total(1)				Construction				Manufacturing
	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)
Alabama	2,136.0	2,156.6	2,169.1	2,169.2	100.3	102.2	103.5	102.2	278.6	276.0	278.9	280.5
Alaska	325.2	327.4	328.2	329.9	16.4	16.6	16.6	16.6	12.4	11.4	11.7	12.1
Arizona	3,122.6	3,167.2	3,180.1	3,189.3	192.4	200.9	203.7	204.3	196.6	193.9	194.2	194.1
Arkansas	1,347.5	1,359.7	1,356.8	1,362.6	59.2	65.5	65.5	66.8	164.0	161.7	160.6	163.0
California	17,869.1	18,149.2	18,157.3	18,180.7	920.4	939.4	946.1	946.3	1,346.1	1,336.9	1,336.9	1,339.5
Colorado	2,889.9	2,916.2	2,913.7	2,914.0	182.0	178.4	177.5	177.6	154.6	154.9	153.5	152.2
Connecticut	1,673.1	1,698.4	1,698.3	1,695.8	60.4	61.4	60.8	60.0	159.1	158.1	158.4	158.4
Delaware(2)	477.0	486.1	486.3	486.4	24.0	24.4	24.4	24.1	26.4	28.0	27.9	27.8
District of Columbia(2)	770.2	778.6	779.6	780.2	15.2	15.6	15.4	15.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Florida	9,620.1	9,817.1	9,844.2	9,860.7	613.0	616.7	622.8	622.6	420.7	422.2	421.8	424.1
Georgia	4,857.4	4,938.1	4,957.1	4,955.5	219.3	222.3	222.8	224.0	417.9	417.8	419.8	418.2
Hawaii(2)	626.8	632.1	633.5	633.4	39.2	37.6	37.9	37.8	12.7	12.9	13.0	12.8
Idaho	837.4	862.5	862.8	862.4	67.8	70.9	71.5	71.6	71.9	72.2	72.2	72.1
Illinois	6,091.6	6,143.8	6,148.2	6,149.4	233.3	236.9	236.8	237.5	573.0	563.2	568.8	569.2
Indiana	3,222.7	3,282.5	3,283.2	3,284.7	161.0	168.6	168.9	168.9	545.3	539.4	538.7	539.0
Iowa	1,583.0	1,586.8	1,591.1	1,593.2	82.3	82.3	83.9	85.3	224.2	227.9	227.9	229.0
Kansas	1,443.5	1,452.4	1,455.2	1,454.9	67.2	69.0	68.9	68.5	173.4	170.0	170.7	170.2
Kentucky	1,975.6	2,033.6	2,026.9	2,022.3	82.5	94.8	94.3	92.6	256.2	261.2	258.7	258.8
Louisiana	1,936.6	1,974.0	1,970.6	1,973.9	131.2	138.5	139.3	139.4	136.1	138.7	138.5	138.4
Maine	646.9	651.3	655.3	656.4	32.7	32.2	32.5	32.6	54.6	54.8	54.3	54.5
Maryland	2,722.2	2,762.1	2,757.4	2,754.4	162.2	166.1	167.0	166.8	110.9	108.3	107.6	107.6
Massachusetts	3,723.9	3,783.0	3,789.4	3,793.7	171.3	179.8	179.8	180.3	236.2	235.9	236.6	237.1
Michigan	4,389.8	4,416.1	4,426.6	4,435.5	187.5	188.3	187.2	190.5	604.8	596.6	605.1	607.1
Minnesota	2,958.7	3,002.1	3,007.9	3,008.7	129.9	139.7	139.5	140.7	326.8	321.3	322.1	322.0
Mississippi	1,174.3	1,170.4	1,166.3	1,166.5	46.9	46.3	46.1	46.0	148.4	147.2	145.4	144.0
Missouri	2,957.0	2,991.9	2,999.5	3,005.1	136.6	133.8	135.3	136.6	290.3	287.8	290.5	290.9
Montana	515.6	521.6	522.2	523.8	37.5	37.6	38.0	38.4	22.7	23.2	23.2	23.2
Nebraska	1,039.1	1,046.8	1,047.8	1,049.5	62.6	61.7	61.7	61.4	104.9	106.6	106.6	106.7
Nevada	1,525.9	1,572.7	1,581.5	1,583.6	112.5	114.4	116.7	117.0	66.7	69.8	71.7	71.4
New Hampshire	694.0	703.1	703.0	705.5	30.0	31.3	31.2	31.3	71.6	71.8	72.1	72.6
New Jersey	4,297.4	4,350.3	4,354.8	4,367.0	163.2	163.8	161.7	165.5	252.0	253.8	253.7	254.4
New Mexico	854.9	872.2	873.5	875.8	48.9	53.4	53.5	53.9	29.3	29.8	30.2	30.8
New York	9,660.2	9,720.8	9,724.6	9,732.9	401.5	394.3	389.4	385.9	428.3	421.6	421.0	419.7
North Carolina	4,852.5	4,935.7	4,949.8	4,951.9	252.0	246.4	248.9	248.3	475.4	471.2	471.4	471.4
North Dakota	430.4	439.7	439.1	439.7	25.7	24.6	24.5	24.9	27.5	27.7	27.5	27.5
Ohio	5,554.7	5,658.6	5,654.1	5,661.1	238.2	252.6	247.2	243.1	689.1	689.2	689.5	690.2
Oklahoma	1,721.9	1,735.4	1,735.8	1,739.8	81.6	83.9	85.7	85.9	135.3	135.4	135.2	136.0
Oregon	1,980.1	2,002.6	1,996.7	2,000.6	119.6	127.9	126.4	127.9	197.7	191.4	190.9	190.9
Pennsylvania	6,071.0	6,167.8	6,176.5	6,182.7	262.4	264.6	263.7	267.4	566.6	563.2	565.2	564.5
Rhode Island	497.4	495.0	497.5	499.3	22.4	21.3	21.6	21.7	40.5	40.2	40.2	40.1
South Carolina	2,263.7	2,316.2	2,321.4	2,323.3	109.5	111.6	111.8	110.5	262.5	261.9	261.5	262.4
South Dakota	456.9	467.1	469.1	470.7	25.0	28.1	29.0	30.2	45.8	45.8	45.9	46.1
Tennessee	3,288.0	3,311.1	3,309.3	3,310.7	152.5	149.5	149.8	151.0	367.2	369.4	370.1	370.3
Texas	13,733.7	14,068.1	14,084.2	14,103.3	789.2	812.2	819.5	822.0	951.6	976.0	974.7	975.7
Utah	1,695.5	1,733.2	1,729.2	1,727.0	134.7	136.2	136.7	137.2	152.1	152.0	152.5	152.4
Vermont	304.6	307.4	307.8	306.0	15.7	15.3	15.4	15.6	28.8	27.8	27.7	27.6
Virginia	4,111.9	4,166.2	4,168.8	4,157.0	214.7	213.1	214.3	214.4	245.3	246.7	247.0	247.6
Washington	3,585.5	3,645.6	3,645.9	3,653.6	235.1	234.0	233.1	232.4	271.3	276.5	278.4	279.6
West Virginia	694.9	706.2	710.2	712.9	32.6	32.4	32.2	33.2	45.7	45.1	45.5	45.5
Wisconsin	2,983.8	3,018.6	3,021.7	3,026.5	132.1	135.4	136.3	137.3	481.7	479.5	480.6	481.1
Wyoming	288.4	294.5	296.9	296.5	21.5	22.9	23.3	23.3	10.4	10.5	10.6	10.8
Puerto Rico	934.3	956.3	957.2	956.5	33.1	37.1	37.3	37.0	82.9	83.8	83.3	83.7
Virgin Islands(2)(3)	35.3	35.5	35.4	35.4	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.2	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately. (2) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (3) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Trade, transportation, and utilities				Financial activities				Professional and business services
	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)
Alabama	407.5	411.5	410.8	411.5	102.1	102.6	104.4	106.0	265.1	267.0	268.8	269.1
Alaska	65.9	65.3	65.3	65.4	11.5	11.6	11.4	11.5	28.9	28.0	27.9	28.1
Arizona	603.5	605.8	605.6	606.4	252.0	250.5	251.6	253.6	472.6	471.0	475.3	476.8
Arkansas	274.6	270.1	269.1	269.2	71.1	70.7	71.2	71.8	150.9	151.4	150.1	149.8
California	3,123.9	3,157.2	3,150.0	3,147.9	849.2	845.8	842.9	841.8	2,909.4	2,887.2	2,877.3	2,873.5
Colorado	501.1	493.9	490.6	490.7	179.6	171.4	171.6	171.1	489.8	497.0	496.2	494.7
Connecticut	295.7	302.4	301.3	300.7	116.6	114.3	113.9	113.6	218.6	223.1	221.9	220.6
Delaware	90.7	88.8	88.8	89.2	50.2	50.1	50.2	50.3	66.1	68.5	68.1	67.3
District of Columbia	30.6	30.6	30.3	30.1	27.9	28.3	28.4	28.4	174.5	175.3	175.8	175.3
Florida	1,958.7	2,014.0	2,014.8	2,016.8	672.0	689.3	689.4	689.4	1,614.0	1,637.3	1,638.8	1,640.9
Georgia	1,022.5	1,023.1	1,023.1	1,024.4	279.6	282.8	284.5	284.8	780.6	774.6	776.2	772.6
Hawaii	115.7	115.0	114.8	114.9	27.7	26.8	26.7	26.5	72.0	71.8	72.5	73.1
Idaho	161.8	164.6	163.3	163.2	41.7	41.5	41.9	42.0	109.6	112.6	112.3	111.6
Illinois	1,222.7	1,224.9	1,221.1	1,216.2	403.4	413.2	412.9	412.7	973.1	952.4	946.4	947.2
Indiana	636.2	640.4	641.8	642.7	150.8	155.5	154.8	154.2	366.7	377.3	375.9	376.5
Iowa	311.7	309.5	310.5	309.7	108.7	105.6	106.2	106.3	145.4	138.6	138.0	137.9
Kansas	274.2	273.8	273.7	273.5	76.3	76.5	76.3	76.2	187.6	184.1	184.4	182.8
Kentucky	429.6	433.7	433.1	433.1	95.8	92.5	92.9	93.0	224.6	236.9	231.9	229.0
Louisiana	371.8	373.6	370.5	371.4	91.7	95.5	94.9	94.5	218.9	221.7	220.6	220.5
Maine	121.4	120.4	120.5	120.2	34.6	33.5	33.8	34.1	76.3	77.6	79.5	79.0
Maryland	474.7	473.3	472.7	470.1	136.0	133.5	134.3	134.1	471.6	479.1	477.3	478.2
Massachusetts	570.5	576.8	575.0	574.5	232.5	233.7	235.0	233.6	649.2	653.6	652.2	652.1
Michigan	803.8	812.5	813.2	814.3	227.7	228.0	228.1	227.7	658.9	653.1	653.0	651.5
Minnesota	529.2	537.7	540.7	542.2	192.9	185.9	185.1	185.2	384.0	383.3	381.4	380.8
Mississippi	245.8	243.8	241.6	241.4	44.4	44.6	44.5	44.5	118.0	111.3	110.7	110.3
Missouri	558.3	561.1	562.6	564.5	188.4	188.7	188.7	190.1	390.3	391.2	387.0	384.8
Montana	100.3	100.9	100.7	100.9	29.1	28.8	28.4	28.4	51.4	51.2	50.9	50.9
Nebraska	197.7	200.3	199.0	200.3	70.6	69.5	69.3	69.0	122.1	118.4	117.8	117.3
Nevada	292.2	296.0	296.0	296.0	76.9	76.5	76.3	76.6	215.3	229.1	229.6	229.8
New Hampshire	139.1	140.3	139.9	139.7	33.9	34.4	34.2	34.0	99.9	103.5	103.1	103.3
New Jersey	921.7	919.7	919.5	921.1	259.0	259.1	259.0	259.0	725.4	718.0	718.5	716.9
New Mexico	142.2	141.9	142.8	143.4	34.4	33.8	33.5	33.5	118.2	113.0	113.0	113.3
New York	1,479.1	1,455.5	1,444.2	1,439.6	739.0	736.2	735.3	734.4	1,386.2	1,375.8	1,377.7	1,376.0
North Carolina	924.9	938.0	935.4	936.2	296.0	297.3	299.5	298.7	742.1	759.4	764.1	765.2
North Dakota	90.2	92.6	92.4	92.4	24.1	24.3	24.1	23.9	35.6	35.9	35.7	35.7
Ohio	1,052.8	1,053.1	1,050.6	1,051.1	321.8	316.0	313.4	312.1	730.4	738.6	738.5	737.2
Oklahoma	325.3	321.4	322.4	323.6	81.3	81.7	81.4	80.3	206.0	200.4	196.9	198.0
Oregon	368.2	362.9	362.4	362.4	107.0	107.6	106.4	105.7	269.1	273.2	270.3	270.5
Pennsylvania	1,155.7	1,161.9	1,159.0	1,158.4	337.9	341.9	342.4	343.5	857.0	867.6	866.8	865.0
Rhode Island	77.4	75.1	75.3	74.9	35.6	35.3	35.4	35.5	68.5	67.0	66.9	67.2
South Carolina	437.6	445.3	444.0	446.4	119.8	121.0	121.3	121.5	306.4	317.2	316.8	316.4
South Dakota	90.7	92.4	92.4	92.7	27.9	27.8	27.8	27.7	36.7	38.6	38.5	38.5
Tennessee	685.6	680.6	677.8	678.6	175.7	174.9	175.3	174.6	464.6	467.9	462.5	454.7
Texas	2,752.3	2,801.8	2,796.3	2,803.4	898.7	928.3	929.1	929.3	2,113.1	2,151.0	2,156.2	2,141.7
Utah	315.8	313.3	311.3	310.4	96.4	98.1	98.2	98.7	250.0	251.1	249.6	248.3
Vermont	52.4	52.2	52.1	51.8	12.2	12.1	12.2	12.2	32.4	32.2	32.2	32.0
Virginia	667.3	670.7	670.8	668.2	214.2	217.1	217.0	217.0	807.8	812.3	811.1	805.1
Washington	616.3	619.3	618.3	617.8	166.5	169.8	169.2	170.3	557.1	559.5	558.4	560.1
West Virginia	120.8	121.0	120.7	121.0	25.5	25.8	26.0	25.9	70.6	73.2	73.5	73.5
Wisconsin	551.8	553.8	553.3	554.4	159.7	161.0	161.5	161.6	326.3	331.8	330.3	328.9
Wyoming	52.5	52.3	52.5	52.6	11.5	11.6	11.7	11.5	20.9	21.4	21.9	21.8
Puerto Rico	185.0	187.4	187.1	187.1	47.1	47.7	48.1	47.6	140.1	140.6	141.2	140.8
Virgin Islands(1)	6.9	6.8	6.9	6.9	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Education and health services				Leisure and hospitality				Government
	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)	Dec. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023(p)
Alabama	251.8	259.0	264.4	261.2	202.6	203.8	203.1	202.2	395.4	400.6	401.0	402.0
Alaska	50.4	52.2	52.3	52.4	35.3	36.6	37.0	37.3	77.7	78.5	78.6	78.9
Arizona	495.3	511.8	513.7	515.6	342.0	346.3	348.3	349.1	406.8	429.1	429.4	430.4
Arkansas	202.6	208.4	208.7	210.6	125.6	130.7	131.1	130.1	208.5	210.6	209.9	210.1
California	3,012.0	3,138.3	3,149.7	3,162.9	1,990.0	2,075.5	2,082.0	2,089.1	2,515.2	2,585.7	2,585.3	2,593.4
Colorado	352.8	361.3	361.9	362.6	350.2	361.2	361.7	362.1	456.9	475.2	477.9	479.9
Connecticut	347.6	357.6	358.5	356.5	153.0	154.0	155.3	156.5	228.9	232.3	233.2	233.6
Delaware	79.2	81.5	81.9	82.3	50.3	54.0	54.3	54.3	67.6	69.7	69.5	69.8
District of Columbia	123.1	124.8	126.0	126.3	74.0	76.7	76.3	77.3	234.5	234.3	234.3	233.9
Florida	1,437.3	1,507.9	1,517.4	1,516.8	1,289.0	1,297.1	1,302.7	1,307.5	1,103.2	1,120.7	1,120.2	1,122.3
Georgia	642.1	674.6	677.4	677.0	503.0	532.6	537.1	535.9	683.0	698.7	701.8	704.1
Hawaii	87.1	89.1	89.2	89.0	115.5	118.8	119.5	119.6	121.1	124.4	124.3	124.3
Idaho	123.7	132.4	133.3	133.2	91.5	92.2	92.0	91.8	128.3	133.7	134.0	134.5
Illinois	951.1	975.9	979.3	981.0	585.5	599.3	600.0	603.3	796.4	827.3	830.8	831.9
Indiana	481.5	491.9	493.4	493.8	309.6	321.9	320.5	318.9	409.6	423.9	424.5	426.2
Iowa	233.3	239.9	241.4	241.4	140.9	141.8	141.9	142.7	258.5	262.3	262.3	262.2
Kansas	205.0	210.4	211.3	212.3	133.3	133.6	134.3	135.3	251.9	259.0	259.7	260.1
Kentucky	291.9	307.4	308.1	306.3	197.4	200.5	200.5	200.0	299.9	307.1	308.1	309.6
Louisiana	330.0	338.3	339.4	341.3	218.9	219.2	219.6	220.5	313.2	319.9	319.6	320.3
Maine	127.5	131.5	132.4	133.4	67.0	68.1	68.7	69.0	100.5	101.4	101.4	101.1
Maryland	453.2	466.2	465.5	465.1	253.7	259.1	256.5	254.7	517.2	530.7	530.7	531.0
Massachusetts	815.0	846.3	847.2	850.7	356.5	360.7	363.0	363.1	457.0	457.8	460.4	460.8
Michigan	671.8	685.3	687.0	686.6	409.9	409.8	408.9	412.6	599.0	616.3	617.7	618.2
Minnesota	557.7	577.6	580.6	579.0	268.4	272.8	274.2	276.0	411.1	423.6	424.1	422.4
Mississippi	147.6	155.6	156.5	157.9	133.6	131.5	131.8	132.8	233.2	234.9	234.6	234.4
Missouri	492.7	507.9	509.1	509.7	303.4	314.7	317.5	317.6	427.3	435.1	437.3	438.7
Montana	82.1	84.0	84.7	85.0	71.2	73.8	74.4	75.2	89.7	89.6	89.3	89.8
Nebraska	158.0	162.2	164.3	165.1	93.8	96.6	97.1	97.4	171.6	173.0	173.5	173.8
Nevada	162.9	169.7	170.6	170.7	352.6	363.5	366.3	368.6	170.1	177.3	177.1	177.2
New Hampshire	124.3	127.0	127.1	127.5	71.7	70.6	71.5	72.6	86.2	87.5	87.3	87.8
New Jersey	756.5	790.5	794.8	799.1	387.5	398.1	399.8	401.4	583.3	598.2	599.2	600.5
New Mexico	142.4	147.9	148.5	148.5	96.2	100.9	101.2	100.8	181.1	188.4	188.8	188.3
New York	2,178.2	2,276.2	2,290.2	2,300.9	906.0	928.7	931.6	937.9	1,445.8	1,465.4	1,468.9	1,471.4
North Carolina	661.3	692.1	694.8	696.3	520.1	535.2	538.6	541.1	717.2	731.2	733.4	734.2
North Dakota	67.6	69.0	69.4	69.3	39.4	40.6	40.6	40.9	82.5	84.2	84.2	84.3
Ohio	914.0	957.9	962.4	967.2	553.4	578.0	577.1	582.3	764.7	776.5	776.1	778.1
Oklahoma	245.5	250.3	252.0	254.5	178.9	183.9	184.5	184.2	350.8	362.4	362.6	362.0
Oregon	307.2	315.7	318.8	321.0	204.5	208.1	207.0	206.9	300.7	308.5	308.9	309.0
Pennsylvania	1,288.3	1,332.5	1,341.9	1,346.7	548.3	567.8	568.4	569.7	681.3	686.8	687.2	688.1
Rhode Island	104.5	107.4	108.6	109.4	56.7	56.6	57.0	57.6	63.7	65.3	65.1	65.6
South Carolina	272.0	286.0	287.3	287.2	268.9	278.0	281.6	279.7	368.0	376.0	376.5	377.0
South Dakota	76.1	78.9	79.1	78.5	50.1	49.1	49.7	49.5	80.1	81.8	81.9	82.2
Tennessee	458.2	471.8	473.3	477.3	353.1	355.5	357.3	359.0	441.7	450.9	452.4	454.3
Texas	1,850.6	1,919.5	1,925.4	1,932.2	1,452.1	1,473.6	1,475.5	1,482.3	2,017.2	2,067.6	2,069.8	2,072.0
Utah	226.7	236.2	235.2	236.2	161.2	175.8	174.9	172.1	257.0	264.0	264.2	264.9
Vermont	62.3	62.1	62.4	62.5	32.1	34.3	34.1	33.0	53.4	56.5	56.7	56.4
Virginia	567.8	583.8	585.1	588.3	401.4	408.4	408.6	409.1	720.4	741.0	742.4	736.2
Washington	524.0	557.3	557.6	558.2	339.1	349.9	352.1	354.7	574.7	584.0	585.2	586.3
West Virginia	128.8	131.5	133.1	133.4	68.9	68.9	70.0	71.1	148.6	152.3	153.0	153.4
Wisconsin	464.2	475.9	476.6	477.8	271.1	276.8	279.3	278.6	399.4	406.5	404.6	407.7
Wyoming	29.5	30.9	30.9	30.8	38.3	40.1	41.2	40.6	67.8	68.5	68.8	68.9
Puerto Rico	122.6	126.0	126.7	127.0	89.2	95.7	96.2	96.6	198.4	201.4	201.0	200.3
Virgin Islands	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	6.1	6.2	6.1	6.1	11.0	11.1	11.1	11.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total				Mining and logging				Construction
	November		December		November		December		November		December
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	2,147.4	2,184.2	2,146.4	2,184.5	9.1	8.4	8.8	8.2	100.6	104.8	100.7	104.1
Alaska	313.6	316.7	311.1	317.0	10.6	10.6	10.9	10.7	15.8	15.7	14.6	15.4
Arizona	3,169.0	3,230.3	3,173.6	3,238.4	13.2	14.4	13.3	14.4	198.5	205.1	192.5	204.5
Arkansas	1,354.9	1,365.6	1,354.5	1,369.0	5.0	4.9	5.1	5.0	58.3	66.0	59.1	66.7
California	18,070.9	18,328.6	18,010.9	18,333.5	19.9	20.1	19.9	19.8	912.0	948.3	909.6	941.5
Colorado	2,887.7	2,917.8	2,902.4	2,930.9	21.4	22.1	21.7	22.2	182.9	177.7	178.6	175.6
Connecticut	1,694.5	1,719.6	1,683.8	1,708.2	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	62.7	62.6	59.8	59.6
Delaware(1)	479.7	488.8	478.3	487.9	-	-	-	-	24.1	24.8	23.8	24.1
District of Columbia(1)	775.7	783.7	772.9	783.1	-	-	-	-	15.2	15.3	15.2	14.9
Florida	9,677.4	9,948.7	9,705.3	9,972.8	5.7	5.9	5.8	5.9	609.8	626.4	610.8	625.5
Georgia	4,886.9	4,998.0	4,885.5	4,991.1	10.0	10.0	9.8	10.1	218.3	223.3	218.7	224.6
Hawaii(1)	633.5	637.9	636.5	642.7	-	-	-	-	38.6	38.0	39.4	38.4
Idaho	838.2	865.1	835.1	859.4	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.1	67.9	71.9	65.3	70.1
Illinois	6,158.0	6,219.0	6,125.3	6,181.6	7.0	7.1	7.1	6.9	240.2	244.7	225.6	231.4
Indiana	3,262.6	3,316.8	3,246.9	3,309.9	5.8	5.9	5.9	6.0	161.9	169.4	159.3	166.8
Iowa	1,598.3	1,608.2	1,588.9	1,597.8	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.3	86.1	87.1	79.1	81.8
Kansas	1,452.3	1,471.1	1,449.6	1,464.9	6.3	6.5	6.5	6.5	65.8	68.9	66.0	67.6
Kentucky	1,999.9	2,047.1	1,992.1	2,039.0	8.5	8.8	8.6	8.9	84.4	95.8	81.8	92.0
Louisiana	1,951.8	1,989.3	1,952.5	1,989.4	31.6	33.2	31.7	33.6	130.4	139.6	132.0	139.6
Maine	644.2	655.4	640.1	651.8	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.2	32.9	33.2	32.2	32.0
Maryland	2,738.0	2,778.5	2,746.6	2,775.0	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	161.4	167.5	162.3	166.8
Massachusetts	3,741.1	3,815.6	3,724.3	3,801.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	173.8	183.6	170.4	179.1
Michigan	4,429.7	4,457.6	4,401.2	4,442.4	7.4	7.7	7.2	7.6	190.7	189.8	182.3	185.4
Minnesota	2,984.7	3,029.0	2,953.0	3,004.0	6.4	6.6	6.3	6.6	134.4	140.2	122.3	133.1
Mississippi	1,185.3	1,178.8	1,178.4	1,175.1	6.0	6.0	6.1	5.9	47.1	46.3	46.7	46.5
Missouri	2,977.8	3,020.9	2,966.4	3,017.4	4.5	4.7	4.5	4.8	141.8	136.4	134.8	135.4
Montana	511.8	520.6	512.5	521.9	6.6	6.8	6.6	6.6	37.6	38.7	36.4	37.6
Nebraska	1,043.9	1,055.2	1,043.1	1,054.4	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	61.4	62.4	61.1	60.9
Nevada	1,535.2	1,595.6	1,533.6	1,587.9	15.1	15.5	15.2	15.5	110.9	116.5	111.5	115.5
New Hampshire	696.7	704.7	693.0	706.3	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	30.8	31.5	29.8	30.8
New Jersey	4,326.0	4,391.8	4,334.3	4,399.1	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.8	165.7	164.2	162.7	165.3
New Mexico	862.5	879.6	859.1	879.6	23.0	23.7	22.6	24.1	49.3	52.9	48.3	53.2
New York	9,727.8	9,822.4	9,738.8	9,818.4	5.6	5.5	5.5	5.5	402.6	394.1	395.5	383.9
North Carolina	4,890.6	4,991.5	4,891.3	4,983.2	5.6	5.7	5.4	5.6	250.1	250.6	251.3	247.9
North Dakota	434.0	441.9	429.5	440.5	17.2	19.9	17.2	19.5	26.9	24.6	23.7	23.0
Ohio	5,602.4	5,702.7	5,576.0	5,684.1	9.0	9.7	9.0	9.5	241.6	251.8	232.5	237.3
Oklahoma	1,732.3	1,750.6	1,729.8	1,752.9	31.1	31.5	31.6	31.9	81.1	86.4	80.6	86.4
Oregon	1,988.1	2,005.2	1,986.4	2,007.2	6.4	6.5	6.2	6.6	118.0	126.4	116.8	124.9
Pennsylvania	6,105.5	6,240.1	6,107.8	6,220.8	23.2	23.5	22.7	22.9	262.2	265.5	255.5	261.4
Rhode Island	501.9	500.6	497.3	500.9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	22.7	22.2	22.1	21.6
South Carolina	2,280.9	2,338.2	2,275.5	2,338.3	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.6	110.0	112.4	109.4	110.9
South Dakota	457.9	469.6	455.1	468.9	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	26.8	29.1	24.1	28.4
Tennessee	3,318.8	3,344.6	3,315.3	3,343.1	4.5	4.3	4.5	4.4	152.3	150.6	151.7	151.2
Texas	13,822.2	14,230.2	13,834.3	14,232.2	210.7	222.7	210.9	226.6	792.1	828.4	790.1	826.0
Utah	1,709.4	1,744.5	1,705.8	1,734.7	10.5	10.4	10.1	10.5	135.9	139.1	132.7	136.1
Vermont	306.5	310.3	310.2	310.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	16.0	15.9	15.2	15.3
Virginia	4,145.6	4,205.0	4,134.3	4,180.0	7.2	7.1	7.1	7.0	212.1	214.9	213.0	214.0
Washington	3,587.6	3,647.7	3,584.6	3,652.2	5.8	5.7	5.7	5.7	238.4	231.4	232.1	226.8
West Virginia	709.1	717.3	698.8	716.9	20.5	22.0	20.9	21.8	33.2	34.1	32.9	34.0
Wisconsin	3,007.0	3,041.9	2,984.7	3,029.3	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.8	135.9	139.2	127.6	133.2
Wyoming	284.8	294.3	286.7	295.0	17.1	16.7	16.9	16.7	21.7	23.5	20.8	22.7
Puerto Rico	943.5	966.9	950.2	973.0	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	33.9	37.6	34.3	37.6
Virgin Islands(1)	35.0	35.4	35.3	35.4	-	-	-	-	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.2
Footnotes (1) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Manufacturing				Trade, transportation, and utilities				Information
	November		December		November		December		November		December
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	277.9	278.6	278.9	281.4	413.1	417.5	416.5	421.1	23.1	23.2	22.8	23.5
Alaska	7.4	7.4	6.4	6.7	64.1	63.8	64.4	64.3	4.7	4.8	4.8	4.7
Arizona	196.0	194.5	197.2	194.6	616.6	622.8	621.6	626.1	51.3	48.8	51.6	48.7
Arkansas	163.3	160.3	163.8	162.6	278.0	272.3	280.1	274.0	12.9	11.5	12.8	11.5
California	1,349.4	1,338.0	1,341.3	1,334.6	3,204.8	3,221.0	3,219.4	3,236.7	613.4	579.6	609.1	574.8
Colorado	153.7	153.8	154.5	152.5	507.6	498.2	515.1	505.2	78.3	76.5	77.7	76.1
Connecticut	158.8	158.6	159.1	159.2	300.7	309.3	305.3	311.8	31.6	31.7	31.2	31.3
Delaware	26.4	27.9	26.2	27.7	92.8	90.7	94.2	92.6	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.5
District of Columbia	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	31.6	31.1	31.1	30.8	21.1	21.0	21.1	21.1
Florida	421.4	423.5	420.9	426.0	1,988.7	2,057.8	2,009.9	2,077.9	158.1	155.4	157.2	157.5
Georgia	415.0	419.9	419.3	420.0	1,045.3	1,039.6	1,049.5	1,047.8	132.2	129.8	128.8	129.4
Hawaii	12.7	13.1	12.8	13.0	117.4	116.3	119.1	118.2	8.8	8.9	8.9	8.8
Idaho	72.9	72.6	72.0	72.2	163.4	165.0	164.5	166.0	9.4	9.9	9.3	10.1
Illinois	573.6	570.1	573.8	571.6	1,240.8	1,247.0	1,255.1	1,250.1	96.3	90.4	95.4	88.7
Indiana	544.2	538.7	546.4	539.7	647.5	656.2	651.5	660.7	27.1	25.5	26.8	25.5
Iowa	224.5	227.5	224.3	228.6	316.7	315.0	318.8	316.5	19.0	19.6	19.3	20.0
Kansas	174.1	171.2	174.2	170.8	277.1	278.5	280.2	279.8	18.3	18.6	18.1	18.8
Kentucky	256.9	259.0	257.9	260.8	435.6	441.0	441.9	444.8	22.0	22.0	22.2	21.8
Louisiana	136.8	139.0	137.5	139.1	379.6	376.5	379.6	379.4	23.8	24.1	23.1	23.2
Maine	55.4	55.3	54.8	55.2	121.6	122.1	123.9	122.8	8.1	7.7	7.9	7.8
Maryland	112.2	108.3	112.1	108.5	482.9	481.6	492.0	485.3	34.7	34.2	34.7	33.9
Massachusetts	237.0	236.5	236.5	237.3	575.3	583.2	583.4	588.7	99.0	98.0	97.9	98.5
Michigan	606.7	606.0	608.0	610.0	816.9	822.5	819.1	828.3	57.1	57.6	57.8	57.9
Minnesota	328.2	323.1	324.3	320.4	535.5	550.1	540.2	554.2	46.8	45.1	47.0	45.1
Mississippi	147.3	145.5	148.5	144.9	249.8	246.6	251.4	247.7	10.4	10.1	10.4	10.0
Missouri	288.6	291.0	290.4	291.7	566.5	573.2	572.9	580.4	49.0	47.3	48.7	47.9
Montana	22.9	23.4	23.0	23.4	101.1	101.8	102.0	102.7	5.7	5.6	5.6	5.5
Nebraska	104.7	106.7	105.2	107.1	201.8	202.4	202.6	205.0	18.2	18.6	18.2	18.6
Nevada	66.1	70.9	66.5	71.0	298.2	303.2	300.7	305.0	18.7	18.5	18.7	18.1
New Hampshire	70.8	71.9	71.4	72.7	140.2	141.3	141.5	142.5	11.8	11.3	11.8	11.2
New Jersey	251.0	253.4	252.4	254.9	936.5	939.2	949.4	948.8	76.4	77.7	76.4	77.0
New Mexico	29.4	30.3	29.2	30.7	144.9	145.1	145.3	146.5	11.2	10.3	11.1	10.4
New York	428.5	421.4	428.0	419.6	1,508.6	1,474.5	1,528.5	1,484.7	297.1	270.5	298.6	272.2
North Carolina	478.3	472.9	477.8	472.1	939.0	951.6	950.4	962.3	84.2	84.2	84.8	83.9
North Dakota	27.5	27.7	27.5	27.5	91.2	93.7	91.2	93.8	5.7	5.4	5.7	5.5
Ohio	684.1	688.2	690.9	691.8	1,074.9	1,072.3	1,080.2	1,081.0	68.9	67.9	69.2	68.0
Oklahoma	136.2	135.9	135.5	136.8	328.5	328.2	331.6	331.9	18.1	17.0	18.1	16.7
Oregon	194.9	190.8	196.1	190.1	376.3	369.1	378.7	372.9	37.5	34.8	37.5	34.9
Pennsylvania	567.1	566.5	569.1	566.8	1,173.7	1,182.6	1,191.8	1,191.8	94.3	97.5	95.5	97.4
Rhode Island	40.5	40.3	40.6	40.3	78.3	76.4	79.3	77.0	5.9	5.6	5.9	5.5
South Carolina	263.2	261.9	264.2	263.4	441.0	449.0	447.9	458.2	31.2	31.5	31.6	32.0
South Dakota	45.2	45.8	45.8	46.2	91.5	93.1	92.1	93.8	5.3	5.1	5.3	5.2
Tennessee	369.3	370.7	367.7	371.6	693.3	692.0	702.5	697.8	56.7	56.8	56.8	56.4
Texas	944.8	976.1	954.7	980.0	2,798.2	2,854.9	2,815.8	2,878.4	237.0	242.3	239.2	241.7
Utah	151.7	152.3	151.4	151.6	322.2	318.0	324.6	319.1	45.4	48.2	45.9	48.8
Vermont	29.2	27.9	29.1	27.8	52.6	52.5	53.7	53.3	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.5
Virginia	246.3	247.5	246.1	249.3	678.8	683.7	687.9	688.6	71.1	71.4	71.5	71.1
Washington	272.0	277.8	269.8	278.3	623.4	627.0	628.7	630.7	172.4	162.2	172.7	163.5
West Virginia	46.1	45.7	45.7	45.5	123.4	123.4	124.7	124.1	7.8	7.8	7.8	7.8
Wisconsin	484.7	481.1	482.8	482.2	561.6	561.1	562.5	564.1	47.9	44.1	46.4	43.8
Wyoming	10.4	10.6	10.5	10.9	52.3	52.9	52.9	53.3	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.0
Puerto Rico	83.6	83.9	83.6	84.6	187.7	190.0	190.1	193.0	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.7
Virgin Islands	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	6.9	6.9	6.9	6.9	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Financial activities				Professional and business services				Education and health services
	November		December		November		December		November		December
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	102.4	104.9	102.1	106.2	269.0	271.3	267.1	270.2	253.0	267.1	252.2	262.9
Alaska	11.2	11.3	11.4	11.4	27.8	27.1	27.9	27.1	50.5	52.4	50.2	52.3
Arizona	251.5	252.6	254.5	256.4	476.4	485.6	483.4	485.6	496.3	520.0	501.2	522.5
Arkansas	71.1	71.0	71.2	71.9	152.5	151.5	150.8	150.3	204.1	210.4	203.0	212.2
California	852.9	846.1	854.4	846.3	2,935.3	2,905.2	2,931.7	2,902.2	3,029.7	3,169.8	3,027.6	3,181.8
Colorado	179.9	171.4	181.1	173.9	487.4	497.5	489.3	493.6	356.2	364.0	353.0	364.4
Connecticut	116.8	114.0	116.7	114.0	223.5	224.1	218.4	221.1	351.7	364.4	351.4	359.0
Delaware	49.7	50.1	50.1	50.6	67.4	68.8	66.2	66.8	80.4	82.4	79.5	83.2
District of Columbia	27.6	28.3	27.9	28.3	176.1	175.9	175.4	175.2	124.9	128.5	124.5	128.0
Florida	675.9	695.5	675.5	694.5	1,617.3	1,650.9	1,622.8	1,653.9	1,441.4	1,533.3	1,448.6	1,526.3
Georgia	276.9	286.3	279.4	287.1	785.6	784.9	780.5	777.6	646.2	683.3	644.9	680.1
Hawaii	27.9	26.9	28.0	26.8	71.5	72.3	72.6	73.4	88.3	90.4	87.8	89.9
Idaho	41.1	41.7	42.0	42.1	107.8	112.6	108.6	110.3	124.0	134.3	124.1	133.4
Illinois	405.6	413.7	403.6	412.6	992.9	962.7	979.2	951.0	957.0	991.2	955.5	986.7
Indiana	151.2	155.6	151.0	154.6	379.8	380.5	370.4	379.1	486.6	498.9	483.2	496.4
Iowa	107.7	106.2	108.8	106.4	146.5	139.1	145.4	137.8	235.3	245.3	236.3	244.7
Kansas	75.9	76.7	76.7	76.6	188.5	186.5	186.7	183.2	204.4	212.4	204.4	213.4
Kentucky	96.2	92.8	96.2	93.1	231.5	235.4	228.1	233.5	294.0	310.4	293.0	308.1
Louisiana	91.7	95.1	91.9	94.6	221.9	224.4	219.2	221.7	331.4	341.4	332.1	342.8
Maine	34.4	33.8	34.6	34.2	77.1	79.8	75.6	78.2	128.5	133.9	128.5	134.8
Maryland	137.1	135.3	136.0	134.5	472.3	479.0	473.5	480.2	456.4	471.3	457.9	470.1
Massachusetts	230.2	234.3	231.8	233.3	649.9	656.3	645.6	650.5	829.1	859.8	819.2	856.0
Michigan	228.7	227.1	227.1	226.6	664.2	658.2	659.0	650.4	674.6	693.8	676.8	691.0
Minnesota	192.7	184.9	193.3	185.2	395.8	385.5	383.5	378.5	558.4	585.8	559.4	581.8
Mississippi	44.4	44.5	44.2	44.4	121.1	114.2	119.3	112.7	150.5	158.7	147.8	159.2
Missouri	187.7	188.2	188.9	190.5	391.0	389.2	390.0	383.4	496.9	516.0	493.4	511.1
Montana	28.8	28.6	29.3	28.7	50.4	50.9	50.8	50.5	82.1	85.0	82.6	85.5
Nebraska	70.1	69.5	71.0	69.3	122.3	117.9	121.3	117.5	158.9	165.3	158.5	166.1
Nevada	76.6	76.3	77.1	77.0	220.6	235.2	215.8	228.7	164.3	172.0	163.2	170.8
New Hampshire	34.4	34.3	33.9	34.0	99.2	103.5	99.5	103.1	126.3	128.9	124.2	128.0
New Jersey	260.4	258.3	260.3	259.1	737.9	729.7	733.8	723.9	758.7	800.9	762.3	804.7
New Mexico	34.8	33.7	34.5	33.5	119.1	113.4	118.7	113.6	143.8	149.7	143.2	149.5
New York	738.0	736.3	741.8	736.7	1,392.2	1,389.7	1,396.9	1,381.3	2,204.0	2,329.5	2,206.9	2,333.5
North Carolina	295.2	299.1	295.1	297.8	749.9	770.9	741.2	763.6	668.0	698.8	667.5	699.7
North Dakota	24.2	24.2	24.3	23.9	35.7	35.7	34.9	35.2	67.8	69.9	67.5	69.7
Ohio	322.7	312.3	322.2	312.2	747.1	748.5	731.6	739.6	922.5	974.7	920.8	973.9
Oklahoma	81.9	82.3	82.3	81.2	206.9	197.9	201.8	196.9	246.8	253.6	247.1	255.5
Oregon	106.6	106.1	107.3	105.9	270.1	270.8	269.8	270.2	309.7	321.0	308.3	322.3
Pennsylvania	337.6	342.6	338.3	343.9	859.3	878.2	855.2	865.5	1,303.2	1,365.0	1,298.7	1,359.5
Rhode Island	35.6	35.4	35.5	35.4	69.3	68.1	68.8	68.1	106.9	110.2	105.1	110.8
South Carolina	119.2	121.3	119.7	121.3	314.8	323.3	307.5	320.9	274.2	290.8	273.8	288.9
South Dakota	28.1	27.8	28.1	28.0	36.7	38.6	36.5	38.2	76.5	79.8	76.5	78.9
Tennessee	175.9	174.8	175.8	173.7	474.8	468.6	469.0	461.1	462.2	477.3	461.3	480.6
Texas	897.0	929.7	903.9	931.4	2,130.9	2,190.4	2,119.5	2,158.8	1,850.7	1,940.0	1,860.6	1,940.6
Utah	97.5	98.3	96.7	98.7	248.8	251.0	249.0	247.8	231.0	239.6	229.0	238.8
Vermont	12.1	12.2	12.1	12.2	32.5	32.6	32.7	32.2	62.0	63.6	63.3	63.5
Virginia	213.8	217.0	214.5	217.1	813.3	816.1	807.8	806.9	574.6	592.2	570.0	591.2
Washington	166.4	169.5	165.9	169.8	554.7	558.6	554.2	559.1	527.4	559.9	525.3	558.7
West Virginia	25.5	26.1	25.4	26.0	71.1	73.7	69.7	73.2	129.4	133.8	129.5	134.0
Wisconsin	158.5	161.1	159.7	161.6	328.5	332.2	324.5	327.1	464.1	479.5	466.5	480.2
Wyoming	11.7	11.6	11.6	11.6	20.6	21.9	20.7	21.3	29.6	31.1	29.5	31.0
Puerto Rico	47.0	48.3	47.3	48.0	141.7	142.8	142.9	143.7	123.9	128.1	125.0	129.4
Virgin Islands	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.4	2.5	2.5	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Leisure and hospitality				Other services				Government
	November		December		November		December		November		December
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	199.4	199.7	198.0	198.8	100.6	102.9	100.7	102.6	399.2	405.8	398.6	405.5
Alaska	31.6	32.2	30.8	32.4	10.9	11.5	10.9	11.8	79.0	79.9	78.8	80.2
Arizona	341.1	348.7	342.3	348.7	99.7	95.8	97.9	97.0	428.4	442.0	418.1	439.9
Arkansas	124.1	129.7	122.5	126.0	72.8	73.9	73.5	74.7	212.8	214.1	212.6	214.1
California	1,985.2	2,079.6	1,981.9	2,080.7	574.2	595.5	573.5	593.0	2,594.1	2,625.4	2,542.5	2,622.1
Colorado	333.3	348.1	348.5	360.0	121.5	123.4	123.0	124.2	465.5	485.1	459.9	483.2
Connecticut	149.3	151.2	147.2	150.1	61.1	62.8	61.0	63.9	237.8	240.4	233.2	237.7
Delaware	47.6	51.9	46.9	50.6	18.8	17.6	18.5	17.7	68.8	71.1	69.2	71.1
District of Columbia	74.4	76.8	73.4	77.5	68.3	71.2	68.4	72.0	235.5	234.6	234.9	234.3
Florida	1,287.3	1,301.1	1,283.6	1,307.2	349.2	355.7	350.1	359.2	1,122.6	1,143.2	1,120.1	1,138.9
Georgia	499.0	534.2	497.3	530.4	167.5	176.0	167.6	174.7	690.9	710.7	689.7	709.3
Hawaii	118.5	118.6	116.3	120.0	26.8	26.9	27.0	26.7	123.0	126.5	124.6	127.5
Idaho	88.6	89.2	89.2	89.0	28.0	28.1	27.4	27.7	130.9	135.6	128.6	134.4
Illinois	577.5	590.3	571.6	587.9	251.1	254.4	250.0	254.5	816.0	847.4	808.4	840.2
Indiana	305.3	315.4	302.4	310.7	129.0	133.2	128.6	132.0	424.2	437.5	421.4	438.4
Iowa	137.3	139.1	135.1	136.9	56.5	57.3	56.4	56.5	266.3	269.7	263.1	266.3
Kansas	132.1	133.4	130.9	133.5	50.6	51.1	50.0	50.6	259.2	267.3	255.9	264.1
Kentucky	195.1	198.8	190.6	193.1	67.1	68.8	66.8	69.1	308.6	314.3	305.0	313.8
Louisiana	217.9	219.9	218.4	220.9	69.1	71.3	69.8	70.2	317.6	324.8	317.2	324.3
Maine	58.9	60.9	57.4	60.3	22.3	22.2	22.3	22.5	102.9	104.3	100.8	101.8
Maryland	249.2	251.4	245.6	245.4	104.5	109.2	106.3	110.7	525.9	539.4	524.8	538.2
Massachusetts	341.2	349.9	337.5	345.9	134.7	139.9	135.1	140.5	469.9	473.1	465.9	471.0
Michigan	402.2	395.8	392.8	395.5	161.1	161.4	158.9	159.2	620.1	637.7	612.2	630.5
Minnesota	255.8	264.7	256.1	264.9	106.6	108.4	105.2	108.3	424.1	434.6	415.4	425.9
Mississippi	132.9	130.2	131.7	130.4	39.3	39.0	39.7	39.3	236.5	237.7	232.6	234.1
Missouri	300.4	311.5	292.1	307.1	115.5	119.6	116.7	119.4	435.9	443.8	434.0	445.7
Montana	66.0	69.2	67.0	71.5	19.0	19.9	19.0	19.3	91.6	90.7	90.2	90.6
Nebraska	93.1	95.4	91.3	93.6	38.2	38.9	38.4	39.0	174.2	177.1	174.5	176.3
Nevada	350.0	364.6	349.7	364.6	42.5	43.2	42.1	41.6	172.2	179.7	173.1	180.1
New Hampshire	68.1	67.0	66.9	68.4	24.6	24.2	24.2	23.9	89.5	89.9	88.9	90.8
New Jersey	372.8	383.8	368.9	381.5	170.0	170.2	170.8	170.0	594.9	612.6	595.6	612.1
New Mexico	93.1	98.7	94.7	99.1	28.5	28.3	27.9	28.2	185.4	193.5	183.6	190.8
New York	897.1	919.6	886.0	919.9	388.4	394.1	391.1	390.7	1,465.7	1,487.2	1,460.0	1,490.4
North Carolina	509.6	531.3	510.0	529.9	172.7	174.1	173.7	172.2	738.0	752.3	734.1	748.2
North Dakota	38.3	39.7	38.5	40.0	15.1	15.3	14.6	15.5	84.4	85.8	84.4	86.9
Ohio	540.9	565.0	535.5	564.8	209.0	220.7	212.2	221.5	781.7	791.6	771.9	784.5
Oklahoma	179.0	183.3	176.5	180.5	66.7	66.1	67.5	66.6	356.0	368.4	357.2	368.5
Oregon	199.8	201.6	199.7	202.3	63.3	64.1	62.4	64.5	305.5	314.0	303.6	312.6
Pennsylvania	534.3	555.1	532.7	553.0	252.0	261.1	253.7	259.0	698.6	702.5	694.6	699.6
Rhode Island	55.1	54.4	53.2	53.9	22.0	21.5	21.7	21.4	65.4	66.3	64.9	66.7
South Carolina	262.6	275.8	260.4	270.8	83.0	84.5	82.4	86.0	377.1	383.2	374.1	381.3
South Dakota	47.0	47.5	46.7	46.9	18.1	18.5	17.9	19.0	81.5	83.1	80.9	83.1
Tennessee	352.1	355.0	348.3	354.8	126.9	131.2	128.0	130.0	450.8	463.3	449.7	461.5
Texas	1,449.8	1,465.8	1,432.5	1,468.6	461.0	474.5	460.2	476.9	2,050.0	2,105.4	2,046.9	2,103.2
Utah	160.9	171.0	161.2	168.6	44.9	48.1	45.5	47.1	260.6	268.5	259.7	267.6
Vermont	30.7	32.2	33.3	33.3	10.0	9.6	10.0	9.7	56.0	58.5	55.5	58.2
Virginia	395.8	402.9	389.8	398.0	191.9	194.2	193.5	192.0	740.7	758.0	733.1	744.8
Washington	328.9	342.3	332.5	348.1	121.5	124.4	122.0	124.5	576.7	588.9	575.7	587.0
West Virginia	67.6	68.6	66.9	69.3	24.3	26.4	24.5	26.0	160.2	155.7	150.8	155.2
Wisconsin	262.1	271.7	257.2	266.4	146.6	151.0	147.1	151.8	413.3	417.1	406.7	415.1
Wyoming	34.3	37.5	36.4	38.6	15.6	15.9	15.8	16.3	68.4	69.5	68.5	69.6
Puerto Rico	88.8	96.4	89.8	97.0	18.8	19.3	19.1	19.3	201.0	203.4	201.0	203.0
Virgin Islands	6.0	6.1	6.1	6.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	10.9	11.1	11.0	11.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.