State Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, October 20, 2023	                               USDL-23-2228

Technical information: 
 Employment:    (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov    *  www.bls.gov/sae   
 Unemployment:  (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau

Media contact:  (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                     STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- SEPTEMBER 2023


Unemployment rates were higher in September in 16 states and stable in 34 states and the
District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Twenty-four states
had jobless rate decreases from a year earlier, 10 states and the District had increases,
and 16 states had little change. The national unemployment rate, 3.8 percent, was unchanged
over the month but was 0.3 percentage point higher than in September 2022. 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 6 states and was essentially unchanged in 44 states
and the District of Columbia in September 2023. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment
increased in 36 states and was essentially unchanged in 14 states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force
and unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain
to individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey
that measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs
on payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more information about the
concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

Maryland had the lowest jobless rate in September, 1.6 percent. The next lowest rates were
in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Vermont, 1.9 percent each. The rates in Maryland (1.6
percent), Pennsylvania (3.4 percent), and Rhode Island (2.6 percent) set new series lows.
(All state series begin in 1976.) Nevada had the highest unemployment rate, 5.4 percent. In
total, 25 states had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 3.8 percent, 2 states
and the District of Columbia had higher rates, and 23 states had rates that were not 
appreciably different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1.)

In September, 16 states had over-the-month unemployment rate increases, the largest of which
was in Illinois (+0.3 percentage point). Thirty-four states and the District of Columbia had
jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had
changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)

Twenty-four states had over-the-year unemployment rate decreases, the largest of which was in
Maryland (-1.6 percentage points). Ten states and the District of Columbia had rate increases
from September 2022, the largest of which was in New Jersey (+1.2 percentage points). Sixteen
states had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a year earlier, though
some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant changes. (See
table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 6 states and was essentially unchanged in 44 states
and the District of Columbia in September 2023. The largest job gains occurred in Texas
(+61,400), Georgia (+17,100), and Oregon (+8,100). The largest percentage increases occurred
in South Dakota (+0.9 percent), Delaware (+0.7 percent), and Mississippi (+0.5 percent).
(See tables D and 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 36 states and was essentially unchanged
in 14 states and the District of Columbia. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+435,800),
California (+302,800), and Florida (+241,200). The largest percentage increases occurred in
Nevada (+3.4 percent), Texas (+3.2 percent), and Idaho (+3.0 percent). (See table E.) 

_____________
The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for September is scheduled
to be released on Wednesday, November 1, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment
and Unemployment news release for October is scheduled to be released on Friday, November
17, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


  _________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 |											   |
 |                             Wildfires in Lahaina, Hawaii				   |
 |											   |
 | The August wildfires in Lahaina, Hawaii, reduced the total nonfarm employment estimates |
 | for September 2023. However, it is not possible to precisely quantify the net impact	   |
 | because the survey is not designed to isolate effects from catastrophic events on 	   |
 | Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment, hours, and earnings.			   |
 |											   |
 | CES will continue to closely monitor collection rates in the affected areas. For the	   |
 | preliminary September 2023 estimates, collection rates were lower than normal for the   |
 | affected areas of the Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina metropolitan area. As such, CES modified  |
 | its estimation methodology, using imputed data to account for nonresponse.		   |
 |											   |
 | For the household survey, the statewide response rate for Hawaii was within its normal  |
 | range for September 2023. The Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program will    |
 | publish preliminary September estimates for substate areas on November 1, 2023.         |
 |_________________________________________________________________________________________|



Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different
from that of the U.S., September 2023, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------
                State                |          Rate(p)
--------------------------------------------------------------
United States (1) ...................|           3.8
                                     |
Alabama .............................|           2.2
Arkansas ............................|           2.9
California ..........................|           4.7
District of Columbia ................|           5.0
Florida .............................|           2.8
Hawaii ..............................|           2.8
Idaho ...............................|           3.1
Iowa ................................|           3.0
Kansas ..............................|           2.8
Maine ...............................|           2.7
                                     |
Maryland ............................|           1.6
Massachusetts .......................|           2.6
Minnesota ...........................|           3.1
Missouri ............................|           2.9
Montana .............................|           2.7
Nebraska ............................|           2.1
Nevada ..............................|           5.4
New Hampshire .......................|           2.0
North Dakota ........................|           1.9
Oklahoma ............................|           3.0
                                     |
Rhode Island ........................|           2.6
South Carolina ......................|           2.9
South Dakota ........................|           1.9
Utah ................................|           2.6
Vermont .............................|           1.9
Virginia ............................|           2.5
Wisconsin ...........................|           3.1
Wyoming .............................|           2.9
--------------------------------------------------------------
   (1) Data are not preliminary.
   (p) = preliminary.


Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from August 2023 to September 2023, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------| Over-the-month
             State              |  August   | September |    change(p)
                                |   2023    |  2023(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alaska .........................|     3.9   |     4.1   |       0.2
Arizona ........................|     3.8   |     4.0   |        .2
Arkansas .......................|     2.7   |     2.9   |        .2
California .....................|     4.6   |     4.7   |        .1
Idaho ..........................|     3.0   |     3.1   |        .1
Illinois .......................|     4.1   |     4.4   |        .3
Iowa ...........................|     2.9   |     3.0   |        .1
Maine ..........................|     2.5   |     2.7   |        .2
Michigan .......................|     3.7   |     3.9   |        .2
Montana ........................|     2.5   |     2.7   |        .2
                                |           |           |
New Hampshire ..................|     1.8   |     2.0   |        .2
New Jersey .....................|     4.2   |     4.4   |        .2
Oklahoma .......................|     2.8   |     3.0   |        .2
Utah ...........................|     2.5   |     2.6   |        .1
West Virginia ..................|     3.6   |     3.8   |        .2
Wisconsin ......................|     2.9   |     3.1   |        .2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from September 2022 to September 2023, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------|  Over-the-year
             State              | September | September |    change(p)
                                |   2022    |  2023(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ........................|     2.6   |     2.2   |      -0.4
Alaska .........................|     3.7   |     4.1   |        .4
Arkansas .......................|     3.5   |     2.9   |       -.6
California .....................|     4.0   |     4.7   |        .7
Colorado .......................|     2.8   |     3.2   |        .4
Connecticut ....................|     4.0   |     3.5   |       -.5
Delaware .......................|     4.6   |     4.1   |       -.5
District of Columbia ...........|     4.1   |     5.0   |        .9
Georgia ........................|     3.1   |     3.4   |        .3
Hawaii .........................|     3.7   |     2.8   |       -.9
                                |           |           |
Idaho ..........................|     2.8   |     3.1   |        .3
Indiana ........................|     3.2   |     3.6   |        .4
Louisiana ......................|     3.6   |     3.3   |       -.3
Maryland .......................|     3.2   |     1.6   |      -1.6
Massachusetts ..................|     3.7   |     2.6   |      -1.1
Michigan .......................|     4.3   |     3.9   |       -.4
Minnesota ......................|     2.9   |     3.1   |        .2
Mississippi ....................|     4.0   |     3.2   |       -.8
Missouri .......................|     2.6   |     2.9   |        .3
Nebraska .......................|     2.6   |     2.1   |       -.5
                                |           |           |
New Hampshire ..................|     2.8   |     2.0   |       -.8
New Jersey .....................|     3.2   |     4.4   |       1.2
North Carolina .................|     3.9   |     3.4   |       -.5
North Dakota ...................|     2.1   |     1.9   |       -.2
Ohio ...........................|     4.1   |     3.4   |       -.7
Oregon .........................|     4.6   |     3.5   |      -1.1
Pennsylvania ...................|     4.3   |     3.4   |       -.9
Rhode Island ...................|     3.4   |     2.6   |       -.8
South Carolina .................|     3.3   |     2.9   |       -.4
South Dakota ...................|     2.2   |     1.9   |       -.3
                                |           |           |
Texas ..........................|     3.8   |     4.1   |        .3
Vermont ........................|     3.0   |     1.9   |      -1.1
Virginia .......................|     3.0   |     2.5   |       -.5
Washington .....................|     4.4   |     3.6   |       -.8
Wyoming ........................|     3.8   |     2.9   |       -.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from
August 2023 to September 2023, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             | Over-the-month change(p)
            State             |    August   |   September |---------------------------
                              |     2023    |    2023(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Delaware .....................|     483,600 |     486,800 |       3,200 |      0.7
Georgia ......................|   4,925,600 |   4,942,700 |      17,100 |       .3
Mississippi ..................|   1,168,100 |   1,174,400 |       6,300 |       .5
Oregon .......................|   2,001,400 |   2,009,500 |       8,100 |       .4
South Dakota .................|     463,300 |     467,300 |       4,000 |       .9
Texas ........................|  13,988,000 |  14,049,400 |      61,400 |       .4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from
September 2022 to September 2023, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             |  Over-the-year change(p)
            State             |   September |   September |---------------------------
                              |     2022    |    2023(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ......................|   2,126,500 |   2,158,000 |      31,500 |      1.5
Arizona ......................|   3,113,000 |   3,172,400 |      59,400 |      1.9
California ...................|  17,806,200 |  18,109,000 |     302,800 |      1.7
Colorado .....................|   2,877,800 |   2,917,800 |      40,000 |      1.4
Delaware .....................|     474,900 |     486,800 |      11,900 |      2.5
Florida ......................|   9,555,200 |   9,796,400 |     241,200 |      2.5
Georgia ......................|   4,846,600 |   4,942,700 |      96,100 |      2.0
Idaho ........................|     835,800 |     860,700 |      24,900 |      3.0
Illinois .....................|   6,079,600 |   6,159,000 |      79,400 |      1.3
Indiana ......................|   3,219,700 |   3,273,100 |      53,400 |      1.7
                              |             |             |             |       
Kansas .......................|   1,426,900 |   1,449,100 |      22,200 |      1.6
Kentucky .....................|   1,981,300 |   2,030,500 |      49,200 |      2.5
Louisiana ....................|   1,932,900 |   1,978,900 |      46,000 |      2.4
Maryland .....................|   2,725,600 |   2,764,500 |      38,900 |      1.4
Massachusetts ................|   3,691,400 |   3,783,300 |      91,900 |      2.5
Michigan .....................|   4,381,400 |   4,432,800 |      51,400 |      1.2
Minnesota ....................|   2,951,500 |   2,994,800 |      43,300 |      1.5
Missouri .....................|   2,945,000 |   2,988,700 |      43,700 |      1.5
Nebraska .....................|   1,030,700 |   1,046,500 |      15,800 |      1.5
Nevada .......................|   1,512,900 |   1,563,700 |      50,800 |      3.4
                              |             |             |             |       
New Jersey ...................|   4,282,400 |   4,347,400 |      65,000 |      1.5
New Mexico ...................|     853,400 |     871,100 |      17,700 |      2.1
New York .....................|   9,585,900 |   9,739,100 |     153,200 |      1.6
North Carolina ...............|   4,843,400 |   4,948,400 |     105,000 |      2.2
Ohio .........................|   5,555,600 |   5,648,100 |      92,500 |      1.7
Oregon .......................|   1,966,000 |   2,009,500 |      43,500 |      2.2
Pennsylvania .................|   6,022,900 |   6,171,600 |     148,700 |      2.5
South Carolina ...............|   2,268,800 |   2,308,300 |      39,500 |      1.7
South Dakota .................|     455,200 |     467,300 |      12,100 |      2.7
Tennessee ....................|   3,275,200 |   3,329,200 |      54,000 |      1.6
                              |             |             |             |       
Texas ........................|  13,613,600 |  14,049,400 |     435,800 |      3.2
Utah .........................|   1,694,800 |   1,726,000 |      31,200 |      1.8
Virginia .....................|   4,106,700 |   4,157,700 |      51,000 |      1.2
Washington ...................|   3,556,500 |   3,645,500 |      89,000 |      2.5
West Virginia ................|     694,800 |     706,700 |      11,900 |      1.7
Wyoming ......................|     285,200 |     293,000 |       7,800 |      2.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.

Technical Note
 
   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data for states and selected substate
   areas from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2). Also presented are
   nonfarm payroll employment estimates by state and industry supersector from the Current Employment
   Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
   endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions
   as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a
   sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
   Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed people and unemployed people on a place of-residence basis. The
   universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed people
   are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including
   the 12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not
   working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as
   bad weather, labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation.
   
   Unemployed people are those who were not employed during the reference week (based on the definition above),
   had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the reference week, and were 
   currently available for work; people on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted
   as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate
   is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale
   metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of California and New York State are produced using
   time-series models. This method, which underwent substantial enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes
   data from several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) programs. 
   Estimates for the state of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-
   Glendale metropolitan division and the balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State are
   derived by summing the estimates for New York City and the balance of New York State. Estimates for the 
   five additional substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn
   metropolitan areas and the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami Beach Kendall, and Seattle-
   Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) and their respective balances of state are produced using a similar
   model-based approach.
   
   Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are modeled using inputs from the CPS only and
   controlled to the national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their respective census division
   totals. Substate and balance-of-state estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to their
   respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called
   real-time benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to 
   the CPS. A more detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data for prior years reflect adjustments made after
   the end of each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau,
   any revisions in the other data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical data for the
   most recent five years are revised near the beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January
   estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of time series models in 2021, historical data were
   re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

   Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend,
   seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals of employed and unemployed people first are
   adjusted using an X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then are smoothed using a
   Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed and
   unemployed people are summed to derive the civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 
   calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted
   unemployment rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published on the BLS website.
   
   During estimation for the current year, the smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are
   created using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from previous observations only. For
   annual revisions, historical data are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

   Area definitions. The substate area data published in this release reflect the delineations that were issued
   by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A detailed list of the geographic definitions
   is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment--from the CES program

   Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of
   the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted at their place of work rather than
   at their place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. 
   Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2022 version of
   the North American Industry Classification System. 

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several estimation procedures.
   Where possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link relative" estimation technique in which a
   ratio of current month weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed
   from a sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month
   are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted
   link relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample size meets certain statistical criteria.
   For some employment series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct sample estimates 
   (described above) combined with other regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

   Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks,
   derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment
   insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new
   benchmark and the preceding one and to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus,
   the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-
   to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions is 
   available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/bmrk_article.htm.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector
   level. In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total is computed by aggregating the
   independently adjusted supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total
   is independently adjusted. Revisions to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 
   year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.
   
   Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates including those
   for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent sample-based factors are 
   created every month for the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous month’s final 
   estimate. 

   Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data
   for each individual state. BLS independently develops a national employment series; state estimates are
   not forced to sum to national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative sampling and 
   nonsampling errors than the national series. Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level
   errors and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations,
   BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" employment series and cautions users that such a series is subject
   to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

    The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling
    and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling 
    variability—that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population
    is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced
    into the data collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys
    are subject to additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used.

    Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are 
    cited in the analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be statistically significant
    at the 90-percent confidence level. Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month generally
    are cited only if they have been determined to be significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 
    90-percent confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error measures for unemployment rates
    and over-the-month and over-the-year changes in rates are available at www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm.
    The underlying standard error measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state payroll
    employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector levels are available at 
    www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

    Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll
    employment from the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions are available in
    the news release Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force,
    employed people, unemployed people, and unemployment rates for approximately 7,600 subnational areas
    are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and 
    metropolitan areas are available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or
    have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Number				Percent of labor force
					Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)
Alabama	2,284,341	2,306,838	2,307,641	2,309,963	60,488	48,789	48,590	50,179	2.6	2.1	2.1	2.2
Alaska	355,945	358,088	357,789	357,890	13,327	13,433	14,081	14,806	3.7	3.8	3.9	4.1
Arizona	3,637,210	3,689,008	3,697,312	3,708,888	147,163	134,610	141,617	147,804	4.0	3.6	3.8	4.0
Arkansas	1,371,057	1,386,994	1,389,539	1,392,337	47,598	35,624	37,339	39,900	3.5	2.6	2.7	2.9
California	19,240,773	19,421,198	19,402,058	19,384,351	769,532	884,871	895,044	913,628	4.0	4.6	4.6	4.7
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	4,942,392	5,020,818	5,025,127	5,024,836	220,540	245,699	249,881	258,609	4.5	4.9	5.0	5.1
Colorado	3,193,207	3,252,576	3,255,054	3,252,588	88,338	95,121	99,856	103,493	2.8	2.9	3.1	3.2
Connecticut	1,916,141	1,896,845	1,896,455	1,897,866	75,930	68,948	67,253	65,553	4.0	3.6	3.5	3.5
Delaware	495,533	503,026	505,531	507,725	22,694	20,564	20,812	21,037	4.6	4.1	4.1	4.1
District of Columbia	388,991	392,647	393,223	394,786	15,896	19,568	19,519	19,642	4.1	5.0	5.0	5.0
Florida	10,827,234	11,080,032	11,120,875	11,154,028	294,446	295,282	302,949	309,493	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.8
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,375,915	1,389,605	1,388,325	1,388,438	32,834	25,001	24,390	22,675	2.4	1.8	1.8	1.6
Georgia	5,232,374	5,309,620	5,322,057	5,339,329	162,522	169,807	174,106	179,023	3.1	3.2	3.3	3.4
Hawaii	680,020	677,611	676,405	675,607	24,856	19,277	19,024	19,192	3.7	2.8	2.8	2.8
Idaho	954,601	965,271	967,205	969,376	26,791	27,202	28,947	30,266	2.8	2.8	3.0	3.1
Illinois	6,455,228	6,447,362	6,445,102	6,447,454	296,389	255,050	266,155	282,457	4.6	4.0	4.1	4.4
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,844,106	3,830,811	3,817,265	3,807,489	186,213	134,548	138,519	147,751	4.8	3.5	3.6	3.9
Indiana	3,413,060	3,430,067	3,429,351	3,426,114	108,170	112,395	117,400	121,696	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.6
Iowa	1,718,868	1,742,075	1,742,605	1,740,995	52,637	47,661	50,242	52,808	3.1	2.7	2.9	3.0
Kansas	1,505,261	1,521,779	1,520,808	1,521,673	43,678	41,729	41,743	42,279	2.9	2.7	2.7	2.8
Kentucky	2,043,711	2,052,796	2,049,025	2,044,997	81,331	79,130	82,001	84,796	4.0	3.9	4.0	4.1
Louisiana	2,079,544	2,103,308	2,094,455	2,089,748	73,860	70,828	68,804	67,930	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.3
Maine	671,247	682,089	683,140	685,440	19,951	16,288	17,148	18,192	3.0	2.4	2.5	2.7
Maryland	3,166,219	3,198,693	3,200,086	3,196,664	101,843	58,092	54,778	52,700	3.2	1.8	1.7	1.6
Massachusetts	3,729,695	3,715,299	3,717,415	3,716,229	136,845	91,874	98,262	96,710	3.7	2.5	2.6	2.6
Michigan	4,836,382	4,940,919	4,966,834	4,989,872	210,187	176,898	183,249	192,395	4.3	3.6	3.7	3.9
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,101,026	2,139,186	2,152,823	2,169,042	76,802	63,928	68,508	74,200	3.7	3.0	3.2	3.4
Minnesota	3,085,824	3,109,520	3,112,827	3,114,343	88,354	93,623	97,053	97,861	2.9	3.0	3.1	3.1
Mississippi	1,243,730	1,243,161	1,240,173	1,236,050	49,799	37,695	39,159	39,634	4.0	3.0	3.2	3.2
Missouri	3,064,250	3,125,539	3,129,659	3,130,688	79,687	84,181	87,977	91,671	2.6	2.7	2.8	2.9
Montana	569,827	577,204	577,719	578,344	15,378	14,197	14,691	15,419	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.7
Nebraska	1,059,779	1,061,927	1,060,204	1,059,967	28,070	20,788	21,145	21,954	2.6	2.0	2.0	2.1
Nevada	1,568,315	1,585,979	1,591,884	1,600,335	85,960	84,713	85,620	86,620	5.5	5.3	5.4	5.4
New Hampshire	769,339	760,366	757,831	757,705	21,816	13,091	13,782	15,133	2.8	1.7	1.8	2.0
New Jersey	4,763,708	4,875,778	4,877,694	4,872,019	152,559	190,008	203,340	214,336	3.2	3.9	4.2	4.4
New Mexico	942,368	962,767	964,577	965,588	32,721	34,757	35,840	36,171	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.7
New York	9,605,907	9,757,869	9,772,000	9,776,127	388,014	380,191	384,655	392,572	4.0	3.9	3.9	4.0
New York City	4,086,901	4,186,203	4,180,172	4,167,598	201,462	221,270	219,571	218,970	4.9	5.3	5.3	5.3
North Carolina	5,165,820	5,231,586	5,246,358	5,264,462	202,722	171,393	173,531	176,650	3.9	3.3	3.3	3.4
North Dakota	413,700	419,211	418,371	417,736	8,686	8,292	7,890	7,773	2.1	2.0	1.9	1.9
Ohio	5,724,932	5,817,271	5,820,256	5,818,247	236,035	193,792	195,642	199,255	4.1	3.3	3.4	3.4
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,024,419	1,038,033	1,039,718	1,041,281	46,689	37,099	37,372	38,571	4.6	3.6	3.6	3.7
Oklahoma	1,888,883	1,929,438	1,938,231	1,948,453	60,656	52,229	54,368	58,297	3.2	2.7	2.8	3.0
Oregon	2,181,291	2,147,289	2,144,520	2,143,659	101,323	73,709	73,506	74,832	4.6	3.4	3.4	3.5
Pennsylvania	6,475,764	6,497,751	6,499,398	6,496,888	280,995	230,405	226,208	221,513	4.3	3.5	3.5	3.4
Rhode Island	568,765	570,348	571,004	571,921	19,263	15,813	15,232	14,873	3.4	2.8	2.7	2.6
South Carolina	2,372,324	2,448,053	2,455,425	2,461,568	78,407	77,071	73,016	71,669	3.3	3.1	3.0	2.9
South Dakota	475,036	482,694	483,155	483,972	10,434	8,959	9,073	9,425	2.2	1.9	1.9	1.9
Tennessee	3,330,399	3,379,353	3,380,770	3,386,554	114,211	105,653	105,102	108,450	3.4	3.1	3.1	3.2
Texas	14,696,194	15,078,414	15,111,776	15,141,273	560,829	613,691	622,845	625,522	3.8	4.1	4.1	4.1
Utah	1,751,907	1,809,305	1,813,132	1,813,505	42,398	43,846	45,772	47,538	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.6
Vermont	342,661	347,526	348,302	348,849	10,123	6,300	6,407	6,605	3.0	1.8	1.8	1.9
Virginia	4,445,177	4,597,503	4,601,628	4,610,653	132,310	116,341	113,102	116,293	3.0	2.5	2.5	2.5
Washington	4,007,520	4,069,269	4,067,213	4,061,156	177,698	147,381	145,895	146,945	4.4	3.6	3.6	3.6
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,779,028	1,817,172	1,821,562	1,821,235	56,474	55,857	57,830	59,179	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.2
West Virginia	784,352	784,058	786,433	789,098	32,429	26,482	28,256	30,328	4.1	3.4	3.6	3.8
Wisconsin	3,071,775	3,124,733	3,133,233	3,138,558	94,606	81,078	89,517	96,613	3.1	2.6	2.9	3.1
Wyoming	293,412	299,178	299,071	298,626	11,228	8,883	8,739	8,697	3.8	3.0	2.9	2.9
Puerto Rico	1,177,152	1,178,692	1,182,328	1,188,161	69,477	73,656	72,840	70,862	5.9	6.2	6.2	6.0
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	August		September		Number				Percent of labor force
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	August		September		August		September
					2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	2,297,604	2,310,077	2,281,218	2,312,002	67,520	56,457	56,385	56,178	2.9	2.4	2.5	2.4
Alaska	361,328	361,375	356,592	359,223	10,588	13,327	10,720	14,381	2.9	3.7	3.0	4.0
Arizona	3,635,207	3,712,218	3,650,556	3,747,231	162,387	171,756	146,243	160,044	4.5	4.6	4.0	4.3
Arkansas	1,372,929	1,395,255	1,375,057	1,397,560	48,306	46,102	44,440	45,037	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.2
California	19,237,794	19,341,972	19,315,502	19,459,721	787,545	995,210	713,729	949,574	4.1	5.1	3.7	4.9
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	4,927,912	5,004,763	4,958,064	5,029,591	230,668	291,666	213,559	291,850	4.7	5.8	4.3	5.8
Colorado	3,212,071	3,273,628	3,213,586	3,253,069	88,886	115,728	81,309	104,830	2.8	3.5	2.5	3.2
Connecticut	1,928,919	1,901,541	1,918,301	1,901,967	78,780	65,655	69,084	56,111	4.1	3.5	3.6	3.0
Delaware	498,447	514,146	491,742	507,572	24,128	23,799	20,714	20,661	4.8	4.6	4.2	4.1
District of Columbia	391,193	395,609	388,623	399,118	17,834	21,891	15,899	21,185	4.6	5.5	4.1	5.3
Florida	10,838,084	11,226,113	10,870,883	11,257,692	329,096	350,588	295,586	340,051	3.0	3.1	2.7	3.0
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,380,890	1,382,426	1,368,450	1,386,406	40,178	25,895	35,540	21,206	2.9	1.9	2.6	1.5
Georgia	5,216,939	5,333,765	5,223,304	5,370,023	176,547	203,928	147,440	184,414	3.4	3.8	2.8	3.4
Hawaii	681,083	673,436	678,618	673,444	25,260	20,745	25,055	22,400	3.7	3.1	3.7	3.3
Idaho	958,113	976,204	955,201	973,964	25,025	31,484	22,090	27,989	2.6	3.2	2.3	2.9
Illinois	6,503,782	6,486,715	6,452,501	6,455,371	312,947	340,982	274,191	317,801	4.8	5.3	4.2	4.9
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,866,315	3,795,342	3,831,468	3,764,550	201,205	187,968	177,676	176,145	5.2	5.0	4.6	4.7
Indiana	3,430,933	3,431,066	3,398,192	3,397,364	109,816	128,454	83,602	112,942	3.2	3.7	2.5	3.3
Iowa	1,711,771	1,727,817	1,719,102	1,729,896	49,973	57,440	42,231	50,125	2.9	3.3	2.5	2.9
Kansas	1,500,210	1,511,641	1,503,917	1,524,766	47,017	48,724	38,397	42,302	3.1	3.2	2.6	2.8
Kentucky	2,053,785	2,034,625	2,043,521	2,029,253	79,092	86,772	70,984	84,051	3.9	4.3	3.5	4.1
Louisiana	2,088,168	2,078,211	2,084,547	2,093,235	82,106	71,423	73,258	74,446	3.9	3.4	3.5	3.6
Maine	685,971	697,190	671,831	690,266	15,309	17,511	16,214	17,035	2.2	2.5	2.4	2.5
Maryland	3,188,829	3,215,027	3,162,178	3,186,304	110,094	57,981	92,912	58,482	3.5	1.8	2.9	1.8
Massachusetts	3,783,710	3,748,751	3,712,922	3,700,642	145,927	107,510	131,259	92,894	3.9	2.9	3.5	2.5
Michigan	4,881,928	5,070,170	4,844,442	5,035,705	207,769	214,897	185,167	196,438	4.3	4.2	3.8	3.9
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,128,314	2,212,984	2,117,164	2,221,906	79,718	91,167	73,455	84,784	3.7	4.1	3.5	3.8
Minnesota	3,097,547	3,120,056	3,090,530	3,109,419	82,519	100,290	67,527	79,468	2.7	3.2	2.2	2.6
Mississippi	1,248,443	1,232,278	1,245,917	1,224,988	50,748	48,579	47,861	37,961	4.1	3.9	3.8	3.1
Missouri	3,067,092	3,128,402	3,059,338	3,121,932	86,871	105,055	59,884	81,511	2.8	3.4	2.0	2.6
Montana	576,614	583,605	570,557	578,331	14,174	14,382	11,340	13,703	2.5	2.5	2.0	2.4
Nebraska	1,060,293	1,052,835	1,054,341	1,056,102	26,128	20,265	23,044	20,922	2.5	1.9	2.2	2.0
Nevada	1,572,396	1,612,173	1,571,408	1,626,881	88,890	93,050	82,582	87,284	5.7	5.8	5.3	5.4
New Hampshire	779,032	759,228	767,502	757,981	21,317	17,769	19,840	18,363	2.7	2.3	2.6	2.4
New Jersey	4,786,079	4,884,143	4,741,051	4,806,444	150,905	247,129	131,055	221,226	3.2	5.1	2.8	4.6
New Mexico	943,507	967,806	945,265	964,449	34,369	40,588	31,875	34,083	3.6	4.2	3.4	3.5
New York	9,673,378	9,829,112	9,604,546	9,737,197	409,978	431,228	343,584	388,237	4.2	4.4	3.6	4.0
New York City	4,109,763	4,155,936	4,069,726	4,095,300	212,474	234,288	183,574	211,420	5.2	5.6	4.5	5.2
North Carolina	5,167,884	5,270,843	5,170,816	5,305,168	215,096	189,105	178,358	170,391	4.2	3.6	3.4	3.2
North Dakota	420,574	420,699	416,296	418,585	8,650	6,502	6,324	5,636	2.1	1.5	1.5	1.3
Ohio	5,789,723	5,872,784	5,723,583	5,789,661	240,799	216,520	212,441	200,157	4.2	3.7	3.7	3.5
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,042,913	1,054,109	1,020,797	1,036,586	47,135	39,290	41,976	39,612	4.5	3.7	4.1	3.8
Oklahoma	1,888,196	1,960,158	1,890,095	1,973,981	62,930	65,270	56,645	66,965	3.3	3.3	3.0	3.4
Oregon	2,200,720	2,160,334	2,189,826	2,148,833	102,597	82,612	92,612	74,672	4.7	3.8	4.2	3.5
Pennsylvania	6,540,760	6,576,101	6,498,568	6,499,075	337,045	284,460	253,059	198,545	5.2	4.3	3.9	3.1
Rhode Island	574,529	574,665	572,005	576,843	22,942	18,045	16,815	13,346	4.0	3.1	2.9	2.3
South Carolina	2,382,975	2,466,590	2,366,602	2,456,380	83,989	59,529	70,362	63,156	3.5	2.4	3.0	2.6
South Dakota	479,996	487,530	474,906	486,591	10,876	9,887	7,868	8,509	2.3	2.0	1.7	1.7
Tennessee	3,343,433	3,370,473	3,334,048	3,388,921	120,044	113,045	106,679	116,526	3.6	3.4	3.2	3.4
Texas	14,674,216	15,187,684	14,685,013	15,178,537	579,361	685,142	542,893	620,303	3.9	4.5	3.7	4.1
Utah	1,751,602	1,813,999	1,754,010	1,803,462	44,341	53,964	36,763	46,114	2.5	3.0	2.1	2.6
Vermont	346,470	353,066	341,703	347,672	9,575	7,749	9,349	7,106	2.8	2.2	2.7	2.0
Virginia	4,463,166	4,617,533	4,447,950	4,620,475	148,852	141,672	131,653	138,664	3.3	3.1	3.0	3.0
Washington	4,010,385	4,063,853	4,011,679	4,044,021	179,992	162,206	160,687	147,265	4.5	4.0	4.0	3.6
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,774,746	1,826,163	1,786,143	1,814,193	59,172	66,790	58,297	65,189	3.3	3.7	3.3	3.6
West Virginia	789,158	798,062	785,475	797,107	33,785	34,912	25,501	30,484	4.3	4.4	3.2	3.8
Wisconsin	3,106,353	3,168,737	3,081,893	3,145,491	98,179	117,152	84,835	101,427	3.2	3.7	2.8	3.2
Wyoming	295,456	299,961	295,451	298,159	10,087	8,087	9,382	7,376	3.4	2.7	3.2	2.5
Puerto Rico	1,161,635	1,194,766	1,172,435	1,203,253	69,531	72,373	73,825	67,502	6.0	6.1	6.3	5.6
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total(1)				Construction				Manufacturing
	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)
Alabama	2,126.5	2,157.5	2,156.9	2,158.0	99.7	101.8	102.1	101.7	277.0	277.0	277.7	277.9
Alaska	320.1	325.7	327.0	326.2	16.0	16.8	17.1	16.5	11.7	10.7	10.7	11.8
Arizona	3,113.0	3,156.9	3,164.2	3,172.4	197.5	199.8	202.8	200.5	195.2	193.7	192.9	194.3
Arkansas	1,344.9	1,364.3	1,367.9	1,364.6	58.7	63.5	64.1	64.8	163.9	164.9	164.0	161.8
California	17,806.2	18,097.1	18,100.3	18,109.0	919.7	927.6	931.6	933.8	1,345.5	1,339.0	1,337.5	1,332.9
Colorado	2,877.8	2,910.4	2,916.3	2,917.8	184.7	181.2	181.3	180.5	153.7	155.4	155.4	155.4
Connecticut	1,673.4	1,691.2	1,691.3	1,694.5	60.4	61.3	61.6	60.7	158.1	157.2	157.8	158.7
Delaware(2)	474.9	483.3	483.6	486.8	23.5	24.3	24.7	24.5	26.4	27.4	27.4	27.5
District of Columbia(2)	767.0	775.6	777.1	779.3	15.4	15.4	15.6	15.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Florida	9,555.2	9,763.4	9,776.8	9,796.4	607.8	610.6	612.6	613.2	415.1	424.6	424.8	422.8
Georgia	4,846.6	4,913.7	4,925.6	4,942.7	214.3	223.0	224.0	225.0	419.9	416.7	418.9	418.9
Hawaii(2)	625.7	636.6	632.1	632.3	37.4	37.9	37.9	38.0	12.7	12.8	12.7	12.9
Idaho	835.8	852.7	856.5	860.7	67.6	70.1	70.7	70.3	74.6	72.0	71.4	72.1
Illinois	6,079.6	6,145.7	6,149.5	6,159.0	232.6	236.2	236.0	235.7	574.9	564.7	565.2	567.7
Indiana	3,219.7	3,269.5	3,266.4	3,273.1	156.9	165.3	166.5	166.1	543.5	540.2	541.0	541.5
Iowa	1,573.8	1,585.6	1,585.7	1,585.2	81.0	81.8	81.0	82.8	225.1	226.2	226.9	227.1
Kansas	1,426.9	1,446.7	1,444.9	1,449.1	65.1	68.7	67.9	68.4	170.7	170.5	170.9	170.8
Kentucky	1,981.3	2,015.6	2,025.6	2,030.5	84.1	89.0	91.1	91.5	255.3	263.9	263.6	262.2
Louisiana	1,932.9	1,957.2	1,970.0	1,978.9	129.9	136.6	140.5	140.6	135.7	138.1	138.4	139.0
Maine	641.4	644.0	647.6	647.5	32.5	32.6	32.9	32.6	54.7	54.2	54.3	54.5
Maryland	2,725.6	2,743.1	2,753.3	2,764.5	161.3	166.2	167.1	167.5	110.3	109.2	109.4	109.5
Massachusetts	3,691.4	3,773.3	3,786.1	3,783.3	170.4	176.7	177.7	177.9	239.2	237.8	237.1	236.4
Michigan	4,381.4	4,434.0	4,442.8	4,432.8	185.0	191.7	192.3	192.2	605.4	608.3	607.3	605.1
Minnesota	2,951.5	2,982.6	2,986.8	2,994.8	134.5	138.0	139.1	139.3	325.4	322.1	322.7	323.3
Mississippi	1,168.8	1,172.7	1,168.1	1,174.4	45.3	47.3	47.0	47.5	148.2	146.8	145.2	145.3
Missouri	2,945.0	3,002.4	2,983.5	2,988.7	139.8	137.3	135.8	133.3	285.5	291.4	284.7	291.8
Montana	515.2	516.1	519.8	518.2	37.2	37.6	37.4	37.0	22.2	23.0	23.3	23.2
Nebraska	1,030.7	1,045.6	1,043.9	1,046.5	58.4	62.4	61.7	62.1	104.1	106.1	106.1	107.1
Nevada	1,512.9	1,551.4	1,556.6	1,563.7	109.2	111.5	113.2	113.3	66.9	67.9	69.0	69.6
New Hampshire	690.7	698.5	699.0	701.6	30.2	31.3	31.4	31.4	70.6	71.3	71.5	72.1
New Jersey	4,282.4	4,329.9	4,339.7	4,347.4	164.6	168.1	166.9	165.3	252.5	252.6	253.3	254.2
New Mexico	853.4	870.2	869.8	871.1	49.6	52.0	53.0	53.2	29.2	29.8	30.0	30.0
New York	9,585.9	9,708.5	9,717.4	9,739.1	387.6	395.6	396.8	397.0	426.0	423.9	421.4	421.4
North Carolina	4,843.4	4,927.8	4,938.3	4,948.4	250.3	248.6	248.4	248.0	475.2	475.6	474.4	473.5
North Dakota	430.3	436.4	436.8	439.1	26.1	25.3	24.9	24.7	27.6	27.6	27.6	27.5
Ohio	5,555.6	5,636.2	5,639.7	5,648.1	233.7	244.0	244.9	246.4	686.6	689.9	688.0	690.1
Oklahoma	1,712.2	1,731.0	1,732.9	1,737.5	79.1	82.2	82.6	84.6	134.4	136.4	136.6	136.2
Oregon	1,966.0	2,002.1	2,001.4	2,009.5	117.3	124.3	122.7	125.9	195.5	192.6	192.8	193.1
Pennsylvania	6,022.9	6,148.7	6,163.3	6,171.6	257.9	264.4	265.8	266.5	567.7	567.5	568.2	568.1
Rhode Island	499.1	493.5	494.2	495.6	21.0	21.9	21.7	22.3	40.7	40.2	40.1	40.1
South Carolina	2,268.8	2,306.8	2,304.9	2,308.3	109.9	110.8	111.7	111.2	263.0	262.4	261.4	261.4
South Dakota	455.2	460.1	463.3	467.3	26.2	26.9	27.3	27.4	45.3	46.1	46.1	45.9
Tennessee	3,275.2	3,323.5	3,320.5	3,329.2	149.8	153.2	152.3	154.9	369.8	371.1	370.5	370.4
Texas	13,613.6	13,962.4	13,988.0	14,049.4	795.3	810.6	813.4	815.2	938.1	962.7	965.3	973.3
Utah	1,694.8	1,727.2	1,728.5	1,726.0	133.4	134.2	134.7	136.2	152.4	152.1	151.3	151.2
Vermont	304.5	306.3	306.2	307.1	15.4	15.3	15.4	15.6	29.2	28.3	28.1	28.1
Virginia	4,106.7	4,150.1	4,157.8	4,157.7	211.5	213.5	214.0	210.2	246.1	245.9	245.3	244.8
Washington	3,556.5	3,635.1	3,637.6	3,645.5	237.1	237.8	237.7	236.6	271.9	274.4	276.5	276.2
West Virginia	694.8	703.6	705.5	706.7	30.2	32.3	33.3	33.0	46.2	45.7	45.5	45.5
Wisconsin	2,983.3	3,006.7	3,009.5	3,017.8	132.6	134.5	135.8	136.4	483.9	481.4	480.4	480.9
Wyoming	285.2	291.5	293.0	293.0	20.8	22.7	23.3	23.1	10.1	10.6	10.5	10.6
Puerto Rico	931.7	947.4	950.7	952.7	33.1	36.5	36.8	37.0	82.7	84.0	84.2	84.1
Virgin Islands(2)(3)	35.1	35.5	35.6	35.5	1.9	2.1	2.1	2.1	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately. (2) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (3) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Trade, transportation, and utilities				Financial activities				Professional and business services
	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)
Alabama	405.0	408.8	410.1	410.6	101.9	102.3	102.7	104.3	266.7	271.2	268.5	266.6
Alaska	64.4	64.6	64.8	64.3	11.1	11.5	11.4	11.4	27.6	28.3	28.4	28.2
Arizona	604.4	602.3	602.4	604.4	249.0	252.0	252.9	253.1	475.1	472.4	475.5	476.1
Arkansas	271.2	273.6	271.9	270.7	71.5	70.9	70.7	70.2	156.3	151.4	153.5	154.3
California	3,152.2	3,143.7	3,146.5	3,148.9	840.1	849.7	848.2	846.6	2,897.1	2,902.7	2,895.4	2,884.5
Colorado	501.4	496.7	496.1	496.6	178.7	171.6	171.5	170.6	488.6	493.9	495.3	497.6
Connecticut	298.6	299.8	300.1	298.9	118.3	114.9	114.7	114.6	222.0	223.7	223.8	223.5
Delaware	90.2	91.6	90.7	90.4	49.2	49.9	50.0	50.3	67.4	65.8	66.6	68.8
District of Columbia	30.6	30.5	30.3	30.3	27.7	28.5	28.4	28.3	176.0	174.7	174.9	176.0
Florida	1,949.7	1,988.4	1,995.8	2,000.3	673.6	681.9	684.8	687.4	1,615.9	1,639.3	1,633.7	1,644.3
Georgia	1,036.5	1,029.7	1,025.5	1,024.3	276.4	282.8	284.0	284.6	790.1	765.2	769.4	775.4
Hawaii	116.7	117.0	116.8	115.5	28.0	27.0	27.0	27.1	72.1	72.3	71.7	72.0
Idaho	161.9	162.3	162.5	163.4	41.1	41.3	41.1	42.1	108.6	111.5	112.0	111.9
Illinois	1,227.2	1,222.6	1,222.5	1,225.9	404.7	415.6	415.6	416.1	984.4	969.3	966.3	964.1
Indiana	633.4	634.7	633.2	638.8	148.7	153.6	152.4	153.1	375.4	380.4	379.7	377.7
Iowa	312.7	313.2	311.1	310.8	108.1	107.8	107.0	106.2	146.7	140.1	139.5	138.5
Kansas	274.6	273.5	274.0	274.8	75.8	76.1	75.8	75.6	183.1	184.1	181.9	183.8
Kentucky	426.8	430.0	431.3	434.5	97.0	93.1	93.3	93.2	231.6	232.7	233.2	235.3
Louisiana	377.7	370.0	373.1	373.1	90.5	94.5	94.4	94.6	221.1	222.5	224.1	225.4
Maine	119.7	119.0	119.2	119.9	34.0	33.8	33.6	33.5	76.3	76.4	77.2	77.3
Maryland	480.7	471.7	471.2	471.4	134.9	134.0	133.1	133.5	480.4	471.6	475.2	476.4
Massachusetts	566.7	575.1	574.7	576.3	228.1	232.7	233.9	233.1	640.9	655.9	655.1	658.3
Michigan	808.6	811.5	812.5	815.0	232.1	229.5	228.5	228.7	659.4	660.6	661.7	661.1
Minnesota	528.3	534.7	533.9	535.8	192.4	189.3	188.5	187.9	391.7	386.8	384.8	381.2
Mississippi	245.0	244.8	242.6	245.4	44.3	43.7	43.4	43.4	119.2	113.6	112.7	113.1
Missouri	559.6	567.8	559.8	560.7	186.0	188.4	187.2	187.0	388.3	395.9	393.9	393.0
Montana	100.6	99.6	99.5	100.5	28.4	28.4	28.3	28.5	50.8	50.8	50.9	51.1
Nebraska	196.3	198.5	198.9	199.8	71.2	70.2	69.7	69.7	123.9	118.8	118.2	117.6
Nevada	295.0	295.2	295.7	295.2	76.9	75.9	76.0	76.1	215.6	223.3	224.5	229.2
New Hampshire	139.6	140.2	139.9	141.1	34.5	33.9	34.2	34.4	97.2	102.6	102.4	103.2
New Jersey	917.8	921.9	920.5	920.5	262.1	259.3	259.5	259.3	729.8	713.9	714.5	713.7
New Mexico	143.3	141.6	142.2	141.7	35.0	34.8	34.6	34.0	117.7	114.3	113.6	112.6
New York	1,486.9	1,465.5	1,464.0	1,459.0	738.0	738.6	740.7	737.7	1,382.2	1,382.8	1,379.5	1,388.4
North Carolina	928.3	933.3	936.6	940.0	296.5	298.9	297.8	296.7	749.1	759.3	759.7	763.4
North Dakota	91.2	92.2	91.8	92.1	24.5	24.3	24.1	24.1	34.8	35.6	35.5	35.8
Ohio	1,062.1	1,054.2	1,055.4	1,061.0	319.2	317.1	316.9	317.9	748.5	735.7	736.0	732.2
Oklahoma	323.6	322.1	322.8	322.1	81.3	82.7	82.5	82.3	206.9	201.8	201.3	202.0
Oregon	369.3	364.7	362.8	363.4	105.6	108.8	107.9	108.0	267.7	271.5	273.4	275.6
Pennsylvania	1,148.5	1,160.7	1,161.6	1,163.8	336.0	340.2	339.7	340.2	851.7	870.8	871.1	873.5
Rhode Island	77.4	75.7	75.9	75.4	35.3	35.2	35.2	35.2	70.1	67.9	67.2	66.7
South Carolina	437.1	444.2	444.5	444.0	119.4	122.5	121.3	121.5	313.7	314.6	313.1	313.5
South Dakota	89.8	92.5	92.5	92.8	28.0	27.7	27.7	28.0	37.4	37.3	38.5	39.1
Tennessee	681.2	681.7	681.7	683.4	177.5	175.2	175.8	175.2	468.8	473.0	471.3	470.6
Texas	2,739.7	2,784.8	2,785.3	2,800.5	889.9	919.3	923.4	927.0	2,107.0	2,134.1	2,126.4	2,141.3
Utah	314.2	313.5	312.7	312.9	97.9	97.7	98.8	97.9	250.5	248.5	251.2	249.7
Vermont	51.6	52.6	52.3	52.1	12.0	12.0	12.1	12.1	32.0	32.7	32.4	32.0
Virginia	669.7	666.0	667.7	667.4	218.5	216.3	217.3	217.7	811.7	813.7	814.8	818.2
Washington	615.0	617.5	618.0	620.0	166.5	171.1	171.0	171.3	548.5	555.5	554.7	558.6
West Virginia	122.2	122.3	122.0	122.1	25.5	25.6	26.1	25.7	72.3	71.7	72.1	73.2
Wisconsin	552.3	553.8	552.7	552.6	159.1	161.3	161.0	161.6	330.6	326.8	328.8	331.0
Wyoming	52.5	51.4	51.8	52.4	11.5	11.3	11.4	11.5	20.6	20.9	21.5	21.4
Puerto Rico	184.3	186.6	186.3	187.0	46.8	46.9	46.8	46.9	141.0	140.1	140.3	140.4
Virgin Islands(1)	6.7	7.0	6.9	6.9	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Education and health services				Leisure and hospitality				Government
	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)	Sept. 2022	July 2023	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023(p)
Alabama	250.7	256.5	257.2	258.5	199.0	205.0	205.1	204.4	394.1	401.4	400.5	400.8
Alaska	50.3	51.3	51.8	52.1	34.4	37.8	38.1	36.7	77.5	78.2	78.1	78.3
Arizona	486.9	502.4	503.8	508.4	333.9	346.1	346.5	347.7	409.8	429.0	427.9	429.0
Arkansas	201.0	207.9	208.9	209.2	124.1	132.3	133.4	132.7	208.2	209.5	209.8	209.9
California	2,959.3	3,100.0	3,111.5	3,129.7	1,956.5	2,054.0	2,054.8	2,066.1	2,533.6	2,584.1	2,585.6	2,585.9
Colorado	352.6	356.4	357.8	358.5	340.1	358.9	362.2	362.4	455.6	471.4	472.5	474.6
Connecticut	344.7	354.0	355.3	356.0	150.6	155.9	155.5	155.9	227.2	230.9	229.6	232.1
Delaware	79.3	81.1	80.7	81.1	49.2	52.8	53.0	54.2	67.4	69.0	69.1	68.5
District of Columbia	123.0	123.9	124.5	124.2	69.7	76.2	76.0	76.4	236.2	234.4	234.7	234.9
Florida	1,419.9	1,484.9	1,494.7	1,500.6	1,267.9	1,303.2	1,300.5	1,294.7	1,094.1	1,116.4	1,117.4	1,120.8
Georgia	635.7	663.7	666.8	670.1	493.9	526.0	526.3	529.6	678.7	696.2	699.1	700.4
Hawaii	86.2	87.5	87.8	88.3	114.7	119.3	119.5	118.7	123.0	126.7	122.5	123.9
Idaho	124.0	128.5	130.3	130.0	88.5	92.1	91.8	92.4	128.1	132.1	133.7	135.9
Illinois	940.0	971.6	975.8	976.9	572.1	596.3	597.3	599.4	791.1	818.8	819.4	821.0
Indiana	480.7	491.0	489.8	489.5	306.2	315.7	315.3	318.3	413.9	422.0	423.7	423.1
Iowa	228.1	236.3	238.2	238.1	137.0	141.3	142.6	141.5	258.2	261.6	261.0	260.8
Kansas	201.5	208.2	209.5	208.8	129.7	132.8	132.6	133.6	251.1	257.8	257.1	257.3
Kentucky	291.7	303.2	304.8	305.1	198.1	199.9	201.3	202.3	299.8	304.1	307.2	306.4
Louisiana	326.3	335.3	336.7	341.8	213.1	217.6	217.2	217.5	312.2	315.9	317.8	318.3
Maine	126.5	130.1	130.0	130.2	65.8	65.1	67.2	66.4	99.8	100.9	100.9	100.9
Maryland	449.4	458.9	461.6	466.2	247.7	256.5	257.6	259.4	516.7	529.1	532.0	534.0
Massachusetts	811.9	835.2	839.5	843.2	342.7	358.9	360.6	361.8	455.6	465.1	469.7	458.9
Michigan	663.8	680.5	682.6	680.2	405.6	416.3	417.2	408.9	592.2	612.6	615.1	616.2
Minnesota	552.0	566.1	569.3	575.3	257.9	265.8	267.8	270.2	409.8	418.9	420.0	421.8
Mississippi	145.2	154.8	154.9	156.3	133.5	131.7	132.8	132.8	232.6	235.3	234.8	234.8
Missouri	491.8	503.5	504.8	506.5	300.3	314.3	312.7	310.8	425.3	431.9	433.4	433.9
Montana	81.9	84.3	84.5	84.1	71.6	71.3	73.0	71.9	90.2	88.7	90.3	89.2
Nebraska	157.3	160.4	161.5	162.6	93.1	96.6	95.9	95.4	170.3	173.0	172.8	173.4
Nevada	160.5	168.3	169.5	169.7	344.4	359.4	361.3	362.9	167.1	174.0	171.1	173.6
New Hampshire	123.4	125.7	126.4	125.5	71.2	69.4	69.0	69.7	86.6	87.6	87.3	87.5
New Jersey	739.2	780.0	783.6	791.2	386.6	396.5	397.4	397.4	584.2	590.3	594.1	595.6
New Mexico	142.0	147.4	147.2	147.8	95.9	99.8	100.4	102.0	179.1	187.4	185.8	186.5
New York	2,165.5	2,246.8	2,259.1	2,268.0	882.3	923.2	924.8	920.6	1,434.9	1,460.7	1,463.1	1,477.3
North Carolina	660.8	682.9	686.9	691.8	507.3	534.4	536.8	535.2	717.2	731.7	733.8	734.4
North Dakota	68.0	68.1	68.4	69.1	39.2	40.7	40.7	41.0	81.2	81.6	83.5	84.3
Ohio	908.8	943.5	945.5	950.9	543.1	574.5	578.1	579.1	767.7	781.9	778.0	775.4
Oklahoma	245.3	251.6	250.7	250.7	175.5	182.0	182.6	182.9	349.3	354.9	357.6	360.9
Oregon	305.7	316.3	316.7	316.4	200.1	207.9	209.5	210.4	299.6	307.0	307.3	308.0
Pennsylvania	1,273.0	1,313.7	1,321.8	1,327.9	541.4	566.9	570.1	565.4	677.6	688.4	688.3	686.8
Rhode Island	105.6	106.5	107.4	107.9	57.6	55.2	55.5	56.4	63.9	64.3	64.8	64.5
South Carolina	271.5	281.0	282.4	285.5	267.3	276.0	275.4	275.6	369.0	375.2	375.6	376.0
South Dakota	75.7	77.0	77.7	79.0	48.6	47.7	47.7	48.7	79.9	80.6	81.4	82.1
Tennessee	456.1	469.2	469.8	471.7	347.7	359.3	359.0	361.3	437.9	449.5	449.3	450.0
Texas	1,817.9	1,901.2	1,898.1	1,911.9	1,427.2	1,466.4	1,472.3	1,476.3	2,002.9	2,047.5	2,064.0	2,065.8
Utah	226.1	235.2	234.5	233.5	165.2	179.2	177.2	174.5	255.7	261.5	262.5	263.5
Vermont	62.1	61.2	61.3	61.6	32.6	33.4	33.9	34.6	54.3	56.2	56.0	56.1
Virginia	561.3	577.4	579.7	583.6	397.7	406.3	406.5	407.9	720.8	737.2	739.2	735.6
Washington	518.8	548.3	547.3	550.9	330.4	350.5	350.9	350.8	568.3	580.7	582.4	583.4
West Virginia	128.4	130.7	130.8	131.1	69.4	70.6	69.5	68.9	148.8	149.4	150.2	151.3
Wisconsin	461.1	472.2	474.9	476.1	269.3	277.4	275.9	276.1	397.4	401.4	401.5	404.0
Wyoming	28.8	30.5	30.5	30.6	37.7	38.6	38.4	38.5	67.4	67.9	68.1	68.3
Puerto Rico	122.4	125.2	125.8	126.1	87.4	93.8	94.4	95.6	197.8	197.4	199.4	198.9
Virgin Islands	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.5	6.3	6.2	6.2	6.3	10.8	11.1	11.1	11.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total				Mining and logging				Construction
	August		September		August		September		August		September
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	2,111.7	2,150.6	2,121.9	2,158.3	9.2	8.4	9.2	8.4	99.2	101.5	100.0	102.0
Alaska	339.3	343.5	329.4	335.0	11.3	11.0	11.2	10.8	18.8	19.5	17.9	18.2
Arizona	3,087.9	3,144.7	3,108.3	3,175.6	13.0	14.3	12.9	14.2	196.6	203.1	197.3	201.8
Arkansas	1,329.4	1,358.4	1,347.2	1,366.6	5.2	5.0	5.2	5.0	59.0	64.7	59.8	66.1
California	17,706.0	18,037.3	17,742.9	18,079.5	20.2	20.4	20.2	20.1	928.7	945.7	925.6	944.4
Colorado	2,887.4	2,928.8	2,868.8	2,915.5	21.0	22.6	20.9	22.4	188.0	186.3	186.7	182.9
Connecticut	1,660.3	1,684.9	1,676.9	1,703.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	63.3	64.6	62.8	62.7
Delaware(1)	476.5	486.6	475.7	487.6	-	-	-	-	23.9	25.4	23.7	24.9
District of Columbia(1)	762.1	773.2	767.6	780.0	-	-	-	-	15.4	15.9	15.5	15.9
Florida	9,443.9	9,732.5	9,480.7	9,762.0	5.7	5.8	5.7	5.8	605.9	612.1	607.9	615.5
Georgia	4,818.9	4,915.9	4,825.7	4,929.8	9.8	10.0	9.7	10.0	213.9	224.3	215.5	224.4
Hawaii(1)	616.6	625.8	621.2	628.8	-	-	-	-	37.4	37.7	37.5	38.0
Idaho	835.5	861.9	837.9	864.7	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.2	69.8	73.9	68.8	71.9
Illinois	6,076.0	6,156.8	6,089.5	6,185.5	7.2	7.1	7.2	7.0	246.7	251.5	245.2	249.8
Indiana	3,221.4	3,273.9	3,221.0	3,284.5	5.7	6.0	5.8	5.9	162.5	170.9	162.6	169.4
Iowa	1,564.5	1,581.1	1,574.8	1,588.9	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.4	87.1	87.9	85.6	87.2
Kansas	1,416.2	1,435.5	1,426.5	1,451.3	6.3	6.5	6.3	6.4	66.8	69.2	66.2	69.0
Kentucky	1,971.4	2,026.3	1,985.6	2,036.2	8.4	8.7	8.4	8.8	85.4	93.9	86.0	95.1
Louisiana	1,921.3	1,960.6	1,927.1	1,974.1	31.7	33.6	31.7	33.2	129.0	139.1	129.7	139.9
Maine	655.6	665.8	650.4	658.5	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	34.1	35.0	33.6	34.0
Maryland	2,726.7	2,755.6	2,726.2	2,766.1	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	164.1	169.7	162.8	169.1
Massachusetts	3,711.5	3,811.8	3,701.6	3,792.2	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.1	176.4	186.2	174.9	183.1
Michigan	4,388.6	4,454.5	4,396.3	4,452.2	7.6	7.9	7.5	7.8	195.3	202.5	193.4	199.1
Minnesota	2,963.6	3,008.4	2,955.6	3,005.4	6.5	6.7	6.5	6.6	148.9	154.2	144.3	151.7
Mississippi	1,163.1	1,164.1	1,172.6	1,173.9	6.1	6.1	6.1	6.0	45.6	46.8	45.7	47.8
Missouri	2,927.6	2,977.7	2,947.5	2,992.2	4.5	4.7	4.5	4.8	143.2	140.1	142.1	136.7
Montana	519.0	527.0	518.2	522.6	6.8	7.1	6.9	7.0	39.3	40.1	38.5	38.6
Nebraska	1,028.1	1,042.2	1,031.5	1,046.6	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	60.9	64.1	60.0	62.8
Nevada	1,496.1	1,554.9	1,514.5	1,566.2	15.3	15.3	15.2	15.2	108.7	115.5	110.3	114.2
New Hampshire	690.5	703.2	693.5	704.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	31.2	32.6	31.1	32.1
New Jersey	4,267.7	4,360.3	4,277.0	4,359.3	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.8	169.2	173.6	168.1	170.2
New Mexico	851.2	869.8	856.3	871.6	21.6	24.2	21.9	24.8	49.9	53.6	49.8	53.0
New York	9,576.3	9,712.5	9,557.2	9,713.6	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.6	402.0	409.2	400.0	406.1
North Carolina	4,820.9	4,927.8	4,829.8	4,938.8	5.6	5.6	5.5	5.6	250.0	250.5	249.6	249.2
North Dakota	429.0	437.1	434.6	443.6	17.2	19.7	17.3	19.8	29.5	28.0	29.2	27.2
Ohio	5,566.3	5,663.4	5,550.4	5,660.1	9.0	9.7	8.9	9.7	243.6	256.2	242.1	255.1
Oklahoma	1,692.4	1,723.1	1,718.2	1,740.0	31.2	32.3	31.3	31.7	79.9	83.5	80.1	85.8
Oregon	1,955.1	1,998.8	1,962.2	2,009.4	6.6	6.7	6.5	6.6	120.3	128.8	119.4	129.1
Pennsylvania	5,979.4	6,150.2	6,036.2	6,181.9	22.8	23.7	23.0	23.6	269.2	277.9	267.1	275.3
Rhode Island	501.3	499.6	502.7	501.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	21.9	22.7	21.7	23.0
South Carolina	2,256.2	2,307.6	2,262.7	2,309.7	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.6	109.7	112.4	109.7	110.1
South Dakota	459.5	469.9	458.5	471.0	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2	28.5	30.0	27.8	29.3
Tennessee	3,250.6	3,303.6	3,284.4	3,337.8	4.5	4.4	4.5	4.4	149.5	152.5	150.8	156.0
Texas	13,528.8	13,914.8	13,583.2	14,004.8	204.6	223.1	206.2	225.4	791.7	814.9	796.1	817.5
Utah	1,683.7	1,725.9	1,694.9	1,730.1	10.1	10.6	10.2	10.4	135.3	137.7	134.3	138.2
Vermont	302.4	305.9	304.1	307.7	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	16.5	16.6	16.1	16.6
Virginia	4,094.5	4,149.6	4,105.1	4,156.4	7.2	7.1	7.2	7.1	212.7	216.5	212.8	212.1
Washington	3,567.5	3,652.6	3,570.4	3,652.9	5.7	5.8	5.8	5.8	241.5	244.4	241.8	240.9
West Virginia	693.1	705.3	698.6	710.4	20.2	22.4	20.2	22.2	32.8	34.0	33.0	34.2
Wisconsin	2,996.7	3,029.9	2,992.7	3,030.1	3.8	3.9	3.8	3.9	140.2	144.3	138.5	142.3
Wyoming	290.2	298.7	290.8	297.8	16.6	17.3	16.7	16.8	22.5	24.9	22.4	24.4
Puerto Rico	914.1	944.7	927.6	950.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.7	31.9	36.6	33.0	36.8
Virgin Islands(1)	34.7	35.4	34.7	35.2	-	-	-	-	1.9	2.1	2.1	2.1
Footnotes (1) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Manufacturing				Trade, transportation, and utilities				Information
	August		September		August		September		August		September
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	275.3	277.9	276.4	276.7	400.5	408.1	401.7	409.4	23.1	22.8	22.9	22.9
Alaska	18.1	15.4	11.9	12.9	68.4	68.1	66.3	65.6	4.8	5.0	4.8	4.9
Arizona	194.9	193.8	195.0	194.8	596.1	596.4	596.8	598.7	51.8	49.7	51.0	47.7
Arkansas	163.5	164.1	163.8	161.9	269.6	270.0	270.6	267.9	12.8	11.9	12.8	11.4
California	1,357.5	1,352.1	1,353.6	1,341.9	3,129.8	3,133.2	3,120.8	3,134.5	619.7	582.1	606.2	571.2
Colorado	154.4	155.2	153.2	155.3	498.6	492.6	493.8	490.1	78.3	76.6	77.7	76.4
Connecticut	158.8	158.1	157.8	158.2	293.6	295.6	295.3	298.6	31.6	31.4	31.1	31.7
Delaware	26.5	27.6	26.4	27.6	89.8	90.1	90.3	89.6	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.5
District of Columbia	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	30.5	30.1	30.5	30.1	21.1	21.3	20.8	21.3
Florida	412.3	424.3	412.7	420.2	1,918.4	1,978.0	1,920.8	1,977.7	158.1	156.4	157.0	154.2
Georgia	416.8	419.7	418.2	418.3	1,024.0	1,016.9	1,025.4	1,017.0	126.7	127.4	125.9	127.9
Hawaii	12.7	12.8	12.7	13.0	115.9	116.1	115.1	114.5	8.4	9.0	8.5	9.0
Idaho	74.1	71.9	74.1	72.6	161.9	163.2	161.3	163.1	9.4	9.7	9.3	9.8
Illinois	574.1	566.5	572.1	566.7	1,221.9	1,217.8	1,215.5	1,220.2	97.8	92.6	95.6	91.4
Indiana	544.6	542.6	542.1	539.2	630.4	632.4	626.5	634.6	27.2	26.2	26.7	26.2
Iowa	225.8	227.6	224.5	226.8	309.8	309.7	308.9	307.6	19.3	20.0	19.0	20.0
Kansas	170.4	171.1	170.2	170.7	272.5	273.0	271.9	273.6	18.3	19.0	18.2	18.6
Kentucky	254.5	262.9	254.3	261.8	421.9	428.6	423.8	431.2	22.0	22.1	21.7	22.1
Louisiana	135.1	138.4	135.3	138.3	374.1	371.3	373.4	370.9	23.7	23.9	22.0	23.4
Maine	55.5	54.9	54.9	54.5	121.5	121.8	119.3	120.3	8.0	8.0	7.8	7.7
Maryland	111.0	110.2	110.2	109.3	476.1	468.9	474.1	467.8	35.8	34.5	35.3	34.3
Massachusetts	240.1	238.5	238.4	236.5	567.3	574.4	561.7	572.9	99.2	97.4	98.0	97.0
Michigan	610.8	611.9	604.3	606.4	806.5	816.3	800.9	809.9	57.0	56.7	56.5	56.8
Minnesota	329.5	327.7	326.1	324.4	527.0	534.0	522.7	534.4	45.9	45.8	45.3	45.6
Mississippi	147.1	145.2	147.5	144.9	242.9	240.9	244.6	243.8	10.4	10.3	10.3	10.2
Missouri	284.9	285.8	285.0	290.7	555.2	556.5	554.1	556.3	48.8	47.8	49.1	46.9
Montana	22.3	23.3	22.2	23.2	100.4	99.6	99.8	100.2	6.0	5.5	5.9	5.3
Nebraska	104.1	106.6	104.1	107.0	195.6	197.5	194.2	197.8	18.1	18.2	18.0	18.2
Nevada	66.7	69.4	66.7	69.6	291.1	293.9	291.7	293.7	18.5	18.6	18.6	18.4
New Hampshire	70.7	72.0	70.4	72.0	139.6	140.6	138.0	139.7	12.0	11.6	11.8	11.4
New Jersey	252.6	254.9	251.7	254.7	911.4	916.8	908.9	915.5	78.4	78.8	77.0	78.6
New Mexico	29.5	30.5	29.5	30.3	142.8	141.7	142.4	141.1	11.3	10.7	11.2	10.2
New York	427.0	424.9	424.9	421.9	1,474.8	1,446.7	1,479.5	1,451.4	299.8	268.8	296.4	272.1
North Carolina	475.4	475.2	475.1	471.9	918.5	933.1	917.9	933.8	83.4	84.2	82.9	84.6
North Dakota	27.6	27.8	27.7	27.8	90.5	92.1	90.6	91.6	5.9	5.6	5.7	5.6
Ohio	685.6	688.6	682.9	686.6	1,054.1	1,051.2	1,049.6	1,052.3	70.1	67.8	69.6	67.8
Oklahoma	133.6	136.5	134.4	136.1	319.5	320.2	321.2	320.1	18.1	17.4	17.8	17.3
Oregon	197.7	195.5	196.3	194.3	367.8	361.9	366.5	361.6	37.1	37.3	36.8	36.9
Pennsylvania	568.2	568.6	565.3	567.0	1,131.8	1,146.6	1,135.8	1,156.5	95.2	96.8	94.3	97.1
Rhode Island	40.6	40.2	40.5	40.1	76.6	75.6	77.2	74.9	5.8	5.6	5.7	5.5
South Carolina	263.5	262.2	262.8	262.1	433.3	443.6	432.7	441.4	31.0	31.9	30.9	31.5
South Dakota	45.5	46.2	45.0	45.6	90.2	93.3	89.0	91.8	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.1
Tennessee	368.1	369.5	368.6	369.8	673.9	675.1	674.7	679.1	56.0	55.6	55.5	55.8
Texas	935.4	965.5	936.6	972.1	2,713.0	2,765.6	2,718.3	2,778.9	234.7	240.4	233.9	239.7
Utah	152.7	152.4	151.9	150.9	313.6	311.9	312.4	310.4	45.6	47.4	45.4	48.2
Vermont	29.5	28.3	29.1	28.2	51.7	52.3	51.0	51.3	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.5
Virginia	245.8	245.8	245.7	245.5	666.3	665.5	662.3	661.9	71.0	72.3	70.2	71.3
Washington	273.7	280.4	274.2	279.2	616.5	619.6	614.1	619.0	176.8	166.4	175.0	167.8
West Virginia	46.2	45.7	46.3	45.5	121.2	121.3	121.8	121.4	7.8	8.0	7.7	7.6
Wisconsin	488.5	483.6	482.8	478.7	551.3	556.4	547.9	550.9	47.2	44.1	47.0	43.7
Wyoming	10.4	10.6	10.3	10.6	52.9	52.4	52.3	52.4	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.0
Puerto Rico	81.9	84.0	82.9	84.0	180.5	185.2	181.7	185.0	16.3	16.7	16.5	16.7
Virgin Islands	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	6.7	6.8	6.7	6.8	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Financial activities				Professional and business services				Education and health services
	August		September		August		September		August		September
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	102.5	103.0	102.1	104.9	262.4	267.8	264.9	267.0	249.6	255.7	251.2	259.6
Alaska	11.4	11.7	11.2	11.4	28.9	29.9	28.0	28.7	50.2	51.7	49.9	51.8
Arizona	248.7	252.9	247.7	253.3	470.9	473.3	471.8	475.7	482.8	500.8	487.7	510.2
Arkansas	71.6	70.9	71.2	70.4	153.7	153.3	154.3	154.0	199.2	206.7	202.1	210.2
California	842.8	849.5	835.4	842.0	2,889.0	2,900.6	2,888.0	2,885.9	2,923.3	3,081.8	2,948.8	3,113.1
Colorado	179.2	172.0	176.8	169.6	494.2	500.9	488.7	499.6	352.3	357.2	350.7	358.4
Connecticut	119.0	115.1	118.0	114.3	223.4	226.1	222.2	224.7	334.8	349.6	345.4	356.8
Delaware	49.4	50.1	49.1	50.1	67.1	66.9	66.8	68.3	78.6	80.4	78.9	81.3
District of Columbia	28.0	28.6	27.8	28.3	175.2	175.4	175.3	175.9	119.3	121.7	123.0	124.5
Florida	670.4	685.4	669.6	688.3	1,601.1	1,631.4	1,599.0	1,639.3	1,395.0	1,486.0	1,413.5	1,504.1
Georgia	275.7	283.3	275.3	282.9	780.9	768.4	780.1	775.6	631.3	663.2	636.1	667.3
Hawaii	27.8	27.0	27.8	27.1	71.8	71.7	71.3	72.1	85.1	87.4	86.4	88.7
Idaho	41.4	41.3	41.0	41.8	110.6	114.7	109.2	112.5	119.3	127.1	122.3	129.7
Illinois	408.0	418.2	403.9	415.8	988.4	974.9	983.3	971.0	923.8	963.5	937.1	974.4
Indiana	149.3	153.3	148.4	152.9	375.4	383.7	374.1	379.5	475.9	488.1	479.3	491.0
Iowa	109.0	107.4	107.6	105.5	148.6	141.3	145.8	138.2	219.6	231.8	225.8	238.2
Kansas	76.4	76.2	75.5	75.5	184.4	182.5	182.3	183.1	201.3	208.9	200.9	207.5
Kentucky	97.3	93.8	96.8	93.3	230.2	232.7	231.1	234.3	288.6	304.1	292.3	305.8
Louisiana	90.5	94.9	90.4	94.5	220.8	223.3	220.7	224.4	326.0	336.1	326.6	340.3
Maine	34.4	34.0	34.1	33.4	77.2	79.1	76.4	78.0	123.9	128.2	126.9	130.6
Maryland	135.7	134.3	134.4	134.1	485.8	479.7	479.3	477.8	445.4	455.3	448.0	463.4
Massachusetts	231.2	236.4	227.5	232.8	645.4	663.6	637.9	656.5	798.5	828.1	811.3	843.0
Michigan	234.3	231.3	231.6	228.7	652.3	654.4	657.6	658.9	659.2	677.0	661.3	678.6
Minnesota	194.2	190.2	191.5	187.2	393.6	390.6	391.2	381.7	545.3	564.5	551.9	574.8
Mississippi	44.4	43.6	44.2	43.5	117.5	111.8	118.5	112.4	144.9	153.8	146.1	156.8
Missouri	186.7	187.9	185.7	187.0	386.8	395.1	387.0	391.6	485.7	498.8	490.8	506.7
Montana	28.7	28.4	28.3	28.5	52.1	52.4	50.7	51.2	80.9	83.7	81.4	83.8
Nebraska	71.6	70.0	71.1	69.5	124.4	118.8	123.2	117.9	155.7	160.1	157.3	161.9
Nevada	76.4	76.4	76.6	76.0	212.4	224.2	215.6	229.4	158.6	169.1	160.0	170.1
New Hampshire	35.0	34.6	34.4	34.4	98.5	103.6	97.5	102.9	117.6	124.1	123.4	124.9
New Jersey	263.5	261.7	261.5	259.4	729.3	724.0	727.9	719.2	717.4	772.6	737.3	787.2
New Mexico	35.1	34.8	34.7	33.9	116.8	113.7	117.7	112.1	139.7	146.0	142.7	148.1
New York	748.8	749.3	736.1	736.7	1,390.4	1,386.4	1,380.1	1,384.7	2,078.2	2,203.4	2,129.2	2,249.5
North Carolina	298.1	301.5	296.1	297.1	745.0	762.8	742.9	763.4	655.1	683.9	657.4	688.2
North Dakota	24.6	24.2	24.5	24.0	35.5	36.7	35.1	36.1	67.2	68.1	67.9	68.9
Ohio	321.1	318.0	318.4	316.1	754.5	747.4	748.4	736.3	904.5	937.8	908.0	954.2
Oklahoma	81.6	82.7	81.3	81.9	205.6	202.9	208.1	203.8	243.4	249.8	245.7	251.0
Oregon	106.8	108.7	105.7	108.1	267.3	273.4	266.7	276.2	300.5	314.1	305.4	316.2
Pennsylvania	338.0	342.5	335.6	340.5	844.4	875.8	849.1	873.0	1,238.5	1,293.2	1,276.6	1,327.0
Rhode Island	35.4	35.6	35.3	35.5	71.4	68.1	70.1	67.4	101.7	104.5	105.3	107.8
South Carolina	119.3	121.9	118.8	121.9	310.1	311.1	311.2	314.2	267.6	280.9	270.0	285.8
South Dakota	28.3	27.8	28.0	27.8	37.6	39.0	37.3	39.7	75.0	77.0	75.9	78.9
Tennessee	177.6	177.0	177.5	175.5	466.5	472.3	470.1	470.4	449.7	465.9	458.1	475.5
Texas	890.5	924.8	890.0	924.8	2,109.1	2,129.6	2,102.4	2,140.5	1,814.6	1,895.3	1,822.9	1,911.3
Utah	98.1	99.5	97.0	97.8	251.5	254.7	250.2	250.8	220.1	227.8	225.9	233.6
Vermont	12.2	12.2	12.0	12.1	32.6	32.8	32.2	32.0	59.2	59.9	61.7	61.6
Virginia	219.3	218.4	217.8	218.0	815.4	816.6	808.1	815.7	552.0	575.0	562.1	584.6
Washington	166.7	172.6	166.6	171.7	555.5	561.5	553.3	562.5	511.3	542.4	517.8	549.6
West Virginia	25.6	26.2	25.5	25.7	72.3	72.9	72.2	73.7	127.1	130.6	128.6	131.9
Wisconsin	160.8	162.1	158.7	160.7	332.0	333.4	330.2	333.6	458.2	472.5	461.3	476.6
Wyoming	11.6	11.4	11.5	11.5	21.4	22.0	21.0	21.6	28.2	30.1	28.9	30.5
Puerto Rico	46.5	46.9	46.5	47.2	137.8	139.7	139.8	140.6	118.4	124.7	122.2	126.0
Virgin Islands	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.9	2.8	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Leisure and hospitality				Other services				Government
	August		September		August		September		August		September
	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)	2022	2023	2022	2023(p)
Alabama	201.5	207.9	198.9	203.0	99.5	101.9	100.2	102.0	388.9	395.6	394.4	402.4
Alaska	41.8	45.4	38.4	39.8	11.6	11.4	11.2	11.4	74.0	74.4	78.6	79.5
Arizona	331.9	342.9	332.9	344.9	95.3	95.2	95.9	95.7	405.9	422.3	419.3	438.6
Arkansas	125.2	137.5	125.1	133.1	71.7	75.1	71.7	74.4	197.9	199.2	210.6	212.2
California	1,981.7	2,084.2	1,959.8	2,072.9	567.9	594.0	568.9	590.1	2,445.4	2,493.7	2,515.6	2,563.4
Colorado	354.5	376.1	339.4	359.3	125.6	126.8	122.4	123.4	441.3	462.5	458.5	478.1
Connecticut	161.6	168.1	152.9	158.6	62.9	62.8	61.4	61.6	210.8	213.0	229.5	235.7
Delaware	54.5	58.9	50.8	55.9	18.7	17.9	18.5	17.8	64.2	65.7	67.5	68.6
District of Columbia	70.7	76.6	71.6	77.2	66.7	70.7	66.7	71.3	234.2	231.9	235.4	234.5
Florida	1,248.0	1,293.3	1,243.2	1,271.6	344.2	351.8	343.3	350.1	1,084.8	1,108.0	1,108.0	1,135.2
Georgia	496.5	532.3	491.4	527.6	164.9	173.5	165.0	174.7	678.4	696.9	683.1	704.1
Hawaii	114.9	121.5	114.8	116.4	26.4	27.3	26.5	27.1	116.2	115.3	120.6	122.9
Idaho	94.7	97.2	90.9	93.5	28.4	29.9	27.9	28.8	121.6	128.6	128.8	136.8
Illinois	598.9	626.6	580.2	606.2	250.8	253.6	248.2	252.5	758.4	784.5	801.2	830.5
Indiana	314.6	323.2	308.0	321.2	128.3	133.9	127.2	132.1	407.5	413.6	420.3	432.5
Iowa	143.7	151.3	139.4	143.6	56.4	56.4	55.6	56.7	242.9	245.3	260.3	262.7
Kansas	131.6	135.7	130.4	134.5	50.5	49.6	50.5	51.1	237.7	243.8	254.1	261.3
Kentucky	202.7	207.6	200.2	203.3	66.9	69.4	66.8	69.2	293.5	302.5	304.2	311.3
Louisiana	214.1	218.3	213.7	216.7	71.5	70.7	71.4	72.0	304.8	311.0	312.2	320.5
Maine	84.1	86.6	71.9	73.5	22.7	22.6	22.1	22.2	92.0	93.3	101.2	102.1
Maryland	267.5	274.8	255.0	263.4	108.1	112.2	107.3	111.1	495.8	514.6	518.5	534.4
Massachusetts	381.9	403.8	357.5	370.5	142.9	146.4	134.0	137.1	427.6	435.9	459.4	461.7
Michigan	434.3	451.0	414.9	418.0	167.3	165.2	164.6	162.3	564.0	580.3	603.7	625.7
Minnesota	278.6	289.2	263.8	274.8	109.6	110.4	107.2	107.4	384.5	395.1	405.1	416.8
Mississippi	135.3	134.6	134.4	132.1	39.0	38.5	39.1	39.4	229.9	232.5	236.1	237.0
Missouri	313.5	327.9	306.0	314.3	115.0	120.3	114.2	119.6	403.3	412.8	429.0	437.6
Montana	77.8	80.7	73.5	74.4	19.8	21.0	19.6	20.6	84.9	85.2	91.4	89.8
Nebraska	96.0	100.3	94.6	96.7	37.4	40.1	37.1	39.4	163.3	165.5	170.9	174.4
Nevada	344.8	365.6	346.5	365.2	43.5	42.8	43.7	40.9	160.1	164.1	169.6	173.5
New Hampshire	82.3	80.0	73.2	71.8	25.4	24.9	24.6	24.5	77.2	78.2	88.1	89.4
New Jersey	425.2	443.6	395.2	408.3	168.6	172.9	165.9	170.0	550.4	559.6	581.8	594.4
New Mexico	98.5	103.3	96.5	101.5	29.6	28.8	28.3	28.2	176.4	182.5	181.6	188.4
New York	931.3	985.1	900.7	937.4	384.2	398.6	383.3	389.9	1,434.1	1,434.5	1,421.3	1,458.3
North Carolina	526.0	553.3	507.4	536.0	170.4	173.8	169.0	173.2	693.4	703.9	726.0	735.8
North Dakota	40.6	41.9	39.9	42.0	14.9	15.4	14.9	15.4	75.5	77.6	81.8	85.2
Ohio	572.3	611.5	550.0	587.1	209.0	222.1	206.5	216.7	742.5	753.1	766.0	778.2
Oklahoma	177.0	186.4	178.0	183.0	67.5	67.3	67.6	66.6	335.0	344.1	352.7	362.7
Oregon	209.6	220.0	204.7	213.4	63.0	64.9	62.4	65.4	278.4	287.5	291.8	301.6
Pennsylvania	576.7	605.5	550.8	572.5	254.0	263.0	251.4	257.5	640.6	656.6	687.2	691.9
Rhode Island	63.9	64.6	60.5	60.1	22.4	21.2	21.5	21.2	61.4	61.3	64.7	65.4
South Carolina	276.2	287.8	269.1	277.4	82.7	83.8	82.5	83.5	358.3	367.4	370.5	377.2
South Dakota	53.7	54.5	50.3	50.6	18.2	18.1	17.8	18.0	75.8	77.5	80.9	83.0
Tennessee	355.9	366.2	353.2	362.7	127.0	131.1	126.7	131.1	421.9	434.0	444.7	457.5
Texas	1,445.3	1,483.1	1,426.5	1,469.6	455.2	479.9	453.1	472.0	1,934.7	1,992.6	1,997.2	2,053.0
Utah	168.0	183.2	165.5	175.2	44.5	48.4	43.9	48.3	244.2	252.3	258.2	266.3
Vermont	35.3	36.9	32.3	34.3	10.2	9.7	9.9	9.6	49.7	51.9	54.4	56.7
Virginia	414.8	422.9	401.3	407.2	193.0	195.3	191.0	192.7	697.0	714.2	726.6	740.3
Washington	345.0	363.5	337.5	355.6	122.0	130.3	120.9	126.2	552.8	565.7	563.4	574.6
West Virginia	72.3	72.7	70.1	69.7	24.1	25.9	23.7	25.9	143.5	145.6	149.5	152.6
Wisconsin	290.9	302.3	276.0	281.4	147.9	152.2	146.6	151.5	375.9	375.1	399.9	406.8
Wyoming	42.7	43.7	40.3	40.8	16.1	17.7	16.1	17.0	64.7	65.5	68.2	69.2
Puerto Rico	86.6	94.3	87.6	95.4	18.4	19.2	18.7	19.3	195.2	196.7	198.1	198.9
Virgin Islands	6.2	6.1	6.0	6.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	10.8	11.0	10.7	10.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.