Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by selected characteristics : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
40. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by selected characteristics [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	2020					2021
	Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)		Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)
	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	132,174	14,253	10.8	15,939	12.1	136,393	14,012	10.3	15,802	11.6
16 to 24 years	16,744	741	4.4	865	5.2	18,083	763	4.2	954	5.3
25 years and over	115,430	13,512	11.7	15,074	13.1	118,311	13,249	11.2	14,849	12.6
25 to 34 years	31,444	3,071	9.8	3,455	11.0	32,360	3,041	9.4	3,449	10.7
35 to 44 years	28,473	3,475	12.2	3,836	13.5	29,260	3,326	11.4	3,740	12.8
45 to 54 years	26,364	3,469	13.2	3,868	14.7	26,851	3,521	13.1	3,880	14.4
55 to 64 years	21,838	2,842	13.0	3,175	14.5	22,210	2,696	12.1	3,028	13.6
65 years and over	7,311	656	9.0	740	10.1	7,629	665	8.7	751	9.8

Men, 16 years and over	68,711	7,582	11.0	8,432	12.3	70,739	7,523	10.6	8,416	11.9
16 to 24 years	8,463	433	5.1	488	5.8	9,069	475	5.2	571	6.3
25 years and over	60,249	7,149	11.9	7,944	13.2	61,670	7,047	11.4	7,845	12.7
25 to 34 years	16,648	1,662	10.0	1,865	11.2	17,145	1,713	10.0	1,916	11.2
35 to 44 years	15,073	1,836	12.2	2,016	13.4	15,503	1,763	11.4	1,967	12.7
45 to 54 years	13,591	1,847	13.6	2,035	15.0	13,716	1,799	13.1	1,962	14.3
55 to 64 years	11,125	1,473	13.2	1,649	14.8	11,290	1,417	12.6	1,595	14.1
65 years and over	3,812	331	8.7	379	10.0	4,015	355	8.8	405	10.1

Women, 16 years and over	63,462	6,672	10.5	7,507	11.8	65,654	6,490	9.9	7,386	11.3
16 to 24 years	8,281	308	3.7	377	4.6	9,013	288	3.2	383	4.2
25 years and over	55,181	6,363	11.5	7,129	12.9	56,641	6,202	10.9	7,003	12.4
25 to 34 years	14,796	1,409	9.5	1,590	10.7	15,216	1,328	8.7	1,533	10.1
35 to 44 years	13,401	1,639	12.2	1,820	13.6	13,757	1,563	11.4	1,774	12.9
45 to 54 years	12,773	1,622	12.7	1,833	14.3	13,135	1,721	13.1	1,918	14.6
55 to 64 years	10,713	1,370	12.8	1,526	14.2	10,919	1,279	11.7	1,433	13.1
65 years and over	3,499	324	9.3	360	10.3	3,613	310	8.6	346	9.6

RACE AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
White	102,142	10,944	10.7	12,221	12.0	104,921	10,774	10.3	12,142	11.6
Men	54,042	5,950	11.0	6,597	12.2	55,408	5,882	10.6	6,571	11.9
Women	48,100	4,994	10.4	5,624	11.7	49,513	4,892	9.9	5,572	11.3
Black or African American	16,726	2,055	12.3	2,321	13.9	17,338	1,993	11.5	2,232	12.9
Men	7,704	990	12.9	1,123	14.6	8,037	1,003	12.5	1,125	14.0
Women	9,022	1,065	11.8	1,198	13.3	9,300	990	10.6	1,107	11.9
Asian	8,573	766	8.9	855	10.0	9,119	706	7.7	818	9.0
Men	4,551	375	8.2	421	9.3	4,749	337	7.1	389	8.2
Women	4,021	392	9.7	434	10.8	4,369	368	8.4	429	9.8
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	23,562	2,315	9.8	2,586	11.0	24,738	2,221	9.0	2,551	10.3
Men	13,270	1,336	10.1	1,485	11.2	13,938	1,282	9.2	1,468	10.5
Women	10,291	980	9.5	1,101	10.7	10,799	939	8.7	1,083	10.0

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS(3)
Full-time workers	110,387	12,987	11.8	14,486	13.1	114,316	12,654	11.1	14,275	12.5
Part-time workers	21,616	1,247	5.8	1,430	6.6	21,877	1,336	6.1	1,502	6.9
Footnotes (1) Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union. (2) Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract. (3) The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours usually worked. These data will not sum to totals because full- or part-time status on the principal job is not identifiable for a small number of multiple jobholders. Full time is 35 hours or more per week; part time is less than 35 hours.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: January 20, 2022