FOR RELEASE 10:00 A.M. (EST) WEDNESDAY, March 14, 2012 USDL-12-0450
Technical information:
(202) 691-6199 NCSinfo@bls.gov http://www.bls.gov/ect
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
EMPLOYER COSTS FOR EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION - DECEMBER 2011
Private industry employers spent an average of $28.57 per hour worked for total employee
compensation in December 2011, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries
averaged $20.14 per hour worked and accounted for 70.5 percent of these costs, while benefits averaged
$8.43 and accounted for the remaining 29.5 percent. Total compensation costs for state and local
government workers averaged $40.90 per hour worked in December 2011. Total employer
compensation costs for civilian workers, which include private industry and state and local government
workers, averaged $30.45 per hour worked in December 2011.
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC), a product of the National Compensation Survey,
measures employer costs for wages, salaries, and employee benefits for nonfarm private and state and
local government workers.
Paid leave costs in private industry
Private industry employer costs for paid leave benefits in December 2011 averaged $1.97 per hour
worked, or 6.9 percent of total compensation. Private industry paid leave benefit costs were highest for
management, professional, and related occupations, $4.30 per hour, or 8.5 percent of total compensation.
Costs were lowest among service occupations, 60 cents, or 4.3 percent of total compensation. (See chart
1 and table 5.) Included in this amount were employer costs for vacations, holidays, sick leave, and
personal leave. Paid leave benefit costs are often directly linked to wages; therefore, higher paid
occupations or industries will typically show higher estimates for this compensation component.
Employer costs for paid leave were primarily from vacation, holiday, and sick leave benefits. In
December 2011, vacation benefit costs averaged $1.01 per hour (3.5 percent of total compensation)
while holiday benefit costs were 61 cents per hour (2.1 percent) and sick leave costs were 25 cents per
hour (0.9 percent). (See table 5.)
Paid leave costs varied widely by establishment size in private industry. Paid leave costs for
establishments with fewer than 100 workers were $1.36 per hour worked (5.7 percent of total
compensation) versus $2.04 (7.0 percent) for establishments with 100 to 499 employees and $3.58 (8.6
percent) with 500 employees or more. (See chart 2 and table 8.)
For information on paid leave provisions, see National Compensation Survey: Employee Benefits in the
United States, March 2011, at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/benefits/2011/benefits.htm.
Legally required benefits costs in private industry
The average cost for legally required benefits was $2.33 per hour worked in private industry (8.1
percent of total compensation) in December 2011. Social Security comprises the largest legally required
benefit cost component at $1.34 per hour or 4.7 percent of total compensation. Legally required benefits
such as Social Security and Medicare are often directly linked to wages; therefore, higher paid
occupations or industries will typically show higher cost estimates for this compensation component.
(See table 5.)
Costs for other legally required benefits include workers’ compensation, which averaged 41 cents per
hour worked (1.4 percent of total compensation); Medicare, which averaged 33 cents (1.2 percent); state
unemployment insurance, which averaged 21 cents per hour worked (0.8 percent); and federal
unemployment insurance, which averaged just 2 cents per hour worked (0.1 percent). (See table 5.)
Employer costs for legally required benefits varied by occupation and industry. The average cost per
hour worked for legally required benefits ranged from $3.46 for management, professional, and related
occupations to $1.43 per hour for service occupations. (See chart 1.) Workers’ compensation employer
costs for construction industry workers were significantly higher than other major industry groups,
averaging $1.16 per hour worked in December 2011. (See tables 5 and 6.)
Legally required benefit costs also varied by establishment size in private industry. Legally required costs
for establishments with fewer than 100 workers were $2.10 per hour worked versus $2.34 for
establishments with 100 to 499 employees and $2.96 with 500 employees or more. (See chart 2 and table 8.)
Other benefit categories in private industry
Private industry employer costs averaged $2.31 per hour worked for insurance benefits (life, health, and
disability insurance), or 8.1 percent of total compensation. In addition to insurance, the other benefit
categories were: retirement and savings (defined benefit and defined contribution), which averaged
$1.02 per hour (3.6 percent); and supplemental pay (overtime and premium, shift differentials, and
nonproduction bonuses), which averaged 80 cents per hour worked (2.8 percent). (See table A and table 5.)
Table A. Relative importance of employer costs for employee compensation, December 2011
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compensation Civilian Private State and local
component workers industry government
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wages and salaries 69.4% 70.5% 65.4%
Benefits 30.6 29.5 34.6
Paid leave 7.0 6.9 7.4
Supplemental pay 2.4 2.8 0.8
Insurance 8.9 8.1 11.9
Health benefits 8.4 7.6 11.6
Retirement and savings 4.6 3.6 8.3
Defined benefit 2.7 1.5 7.5
Defined contribution 1.8 2.1 0.8
Legally required 7.7 8.1 6.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
The Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for March 2012 is scheduled to be released on
Thursday, June 7, 2012, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data on total compensation, wages and salaries, and
benefits in private industry are produced annually for 15 metropolitan areas. Metropolitan area data will
be included in the March 2012 news release. For further information about metropolitan area ECEC
estimates see: “BLS Introduces New Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Data for Private
Industry Workers in 15 Metropolitan Areas,” at http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/cm20090921ar01p1.htm.
Supplemental tables with occupational, establishment size, and bargaining status series for detailed
industries are available at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuphst.pdf and
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuptc21.pdf.
Relative standard errors for all cost estimates in the most recent news release and supplementary tables
are available at ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ocwc/ect/ececrse.pdf and
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuprse.pdf.
Historical ECEC data are available in three listings, all available at http://www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. The
first historical listing covers data for the March reference periods from 1986 to 2001. These data use the
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and Census of Population occupational classification systems.
The second listing contains data for the March, June, September, and December reference periods from
March 2002 to December 2003. These data are also based on the SIC and Census of Population
occupational classification systems. The final listing includes data for March 2004 to the current
reference period. These are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) and
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) systems.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request—
Telephone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
BLS news releases, including the ECEC, are available through an e-mail subscription service at:
www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TECHNICAL NOTE
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) measures the average cost to employers for wages
and salaries and benefits per employee hour worked.
ECEC includes the civilian economy, which includes data from both private industry and state and local
government. Excluded from private industry are the self-employed and farm and private household
workers. Federal government workers are excluded from the public sector. The private industry series
and the state and local government series provide data for the two sectors separately.
The cost levels for this quarter were collected from a probability sample of approximately 48,200
occupations selected from a sample of about 9,400 establishments in private industry and approximately
9,300 occupations from a sample of about 1,400 establishments in state and local government. Data are
collected for the pay period including the 12th day of the survey months of March, June, September, and
December.
Comparing private and public sector data
Compensation cost levels in state and local government should not be directly compared with levels in
private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in work activities
and occupational structures. Manufacturing and sales, for example, make up a large part of private
industry work activities but are rare in state and local government. Professional and administrative
support occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the state and local government
workforce, compared with one-half of private industry.
ECEC quarterly publication focus
ECEC news releases are published quarterly, providing estimates on civilian, private industry, and state
and local government cost per hour worked as well as additional detail on a specific compensation cost
topic of interest. This quarter focuses on paid leave and legally required benefits costs in private
industry. Topics of news releases for the upcoming reference periods are as follows:
* March 2012—Health benefit costs in private industry
* June 2012—Retirement and savings benefit costs in private industry
* September 2012—Compensation costs in state and local government
ECEC detailed information and measures
For detailed information on the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, see Chapter 8, “National
Compensation Measures,” of the BLS Handbook of Methods at:
http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf.
Table 1. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Civilian workers, by major occupational and industry group, December 2011
Occupational group Industry group
Management, Natural Production,
Compensation All professional, Sales resources, transportation, Goods- Service-
component workers(1) and and Service construction, and producing(2) providing(3)
related office and material
maintenance moving
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $30.45 100.0 $50.23 100.0 $22.88 100.0 $16.51 100.0 $31.58 100.0 $24.17 100.0 $33.69 100.0 $29.90 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 21.14 69.4 35.05 69.8 16.12 70.4 11.72 71.0 21.25 67.3 16.02 66.3 22.40 66.5 20.93 70.0
Total benefits............................... 9.30 30.6 15.18 30.2 6.77 29.6 4.79 29.0 10.33 32.7 8.15 33.7 11.29 33.5 8.97 30.0
Paid leave................................. 2.13 7.0 4.03 8.0 1.49 6.5 .92 5.6 1.77 5.6 1.43 5.9 2.20 6.5 2.12 7.1
Vacation................................. 1.03 3.4 1.92 3.8 .73 3.2 .43 2.6 .90 2.8 .73 3.0 1.16 3.5 1.01 3.4
Holiday.................................. .65 2.1 1.18 2.3 .47 2.1 .29 1.8 .59 1.9 .48 2.0 .77 2.3 .63 2.1
Sick..................................... .33 1.1 .69 1.4 .21 .9 .15 .9 .20 .6 .16 .6 .20 .6 .35 1.2
Personal................................. .12 .4 .24 .5 .08 .3 .05 .3 .09 .3 .06 .2 .07 .2 .13 .4
Supplemental pay........................... .73 2.4 1.20 2.4 .45 2.0 .30 1.8 .89 2.8 .85 3.5 1.33 4.0 .63 2.1
Overtime and premium(4).................. .24 .8 .14 .3 .14 .6 .17 1.0 .62 2.0 .50 2.1 .54 1.6 .18 .6
Shift differentials...................... .06 .2 .09 .2 .02 .1 .05 .3 .05 .1 .08 .3 .08 .2 .06 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .44 1.4 .97 1.9 .29 1.3 .08 .5 .23 .7 .27 1.1 .72 2.1 .39 1.3
Insurance.................................. 2.70 8.9 4.05 8.1 2.26 9.9 1.39 8.4 2.89 9.1 2.59 10.7 3.17 9.4 2.62 8.8
Life..................................... .05 .2 .09 .2 .03 .1 .02 .1 .04 .1 .04 .2 .06 .2 .05 .2
Health................................... 2.56 8.4 3.81 7.6 2.17 9.5 1.36 8.2 2.73 8.7 2.46 10.2 2.98 8.9 2.49 8.3
Short-term disability.................... .05 .1 .07 .1 .03 .1 (5) (6) .07 .2 .05 .2 .08 .2 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .1 .08 .2 .03 .1 (5) (6) .04 .1 .05 .2 .05 .1 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.39 4.6 2.61 5.2 .76 3.3 .65 3.9 1.73 5.5 .97 4.0 1.67 4.9 1.34 4.5
Defined benefit.......................... .83 2.7 1.52 3.0 .35 1.5 .51 3.1 1.21 3.8 .61 2.5 .98 2.9 .81 2.7
Defined contribution..................... .55 1.8 1.09 2.2 .41 1.8 .14 .9 .52 1.6 .36 1.5 .69 2.1 .53 1.8
Legally required benefits.................. 2.36 7.7 3.29 6.5 1.81 7.9 1.53 9.3 3.05 9.7 2.32 9.6 2.92 8.7 2.26 7.6
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.71 5.6 2.72 5.4 1.34 5.8 .98 5.9 1.79 5.7 1.36 5.6 1.90 5.6 1.67 5.6
Social Security(7)..................... 1.36 4.5 2.14 4.3 1.08 4.7 .78 4.7 1.45 4.6 1.10 4.6 1.53 4.5 1.33 4.5
Medicare............................... .35 1.1 .58 1.2 .26 1.1 .19 1.2 .34 1.1 .26 1.1 .37 1.1 .34 1.1
Federal unemployment insurance........... .02 .1 .02 (6) .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .20 .7 .19 .4 .20 .9 .17 1.0 .25 .8 .24 1.0 .29 .9 .19 .6
Workers' compensation.................... .43 1.4 .36 .7 .25 1.1 .36 2.2 .99 3.1 .69 2.8 .71 2.1 .38 1.3
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal government.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation;
accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
4 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
6 Less than .05 percent.
7 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 2. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Civilian workers, by occupational and industry group, December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
Civilian workers(1)............................ $30.45 $21.14 $9.30 $2.13 $0.73 $2.70 $1.39 $2.36
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 50.23 35.05 15.18 4.03 1.20 4.05 2.61 3.29
Management, business, and financial.... 57.51 39.79 17.72 5.23 1.98 4.09 2.69 3.73
Professional and related............... 47.33 33.16 14.16 3.55 .89 4.04 2.57 3.11
Teachers(2).......................... 54.31 38.82 15.49 2.69 .14 5.37 4.17 3.12
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 54.70 38.49 16.21 2.46 .16 6.21 4.47 2.92
Registered nurses.................... 48.83 33.95 14.88 4.02 1.47 3.79 2.02 3.58
Sales and office......................... 22.88 16.12 6.77 1.49 .45 2.26 .76 1.81
Sales and related...................... 21.30 15.94 5.36 1.14 .44 1.46 .53 1.79
Office and administrative support...... 23.83 16.22 7.61 1.69 .45 2.75 .90 1.82
Service.................................. 16.51 11.72 4.79 .92 .30 1.39 .65 1.53
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 31.58 21.25 10.33 1.77 .89 2.89 1.73 3.05
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry(3).............. 31.88 21.19 10.69 1.39 .93 2.77 2.21 3.39
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 31.30 21.31 10.00 2.13 .85 2.99 1.28 2.74
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 24.17 16.02 8.15 1.43 .85 2.59 .97 2.32
Production............................. 24.76 16.29 8.48 1.56 1.04 2.67 .93 2.28
Transportation and material moving..... 23.60 15.76 7.84 1.30 .66 2.52 1.00 2.35
Industry group
Education and health services............ 35.17 24.54 10.64 2.48 .43 3.45 1.89 2.38
Educational services................... 42.96 29.75 13.21 2.67 .15 4.70 3.15 2.53
Elementary and secondary schools..... 42.74 29.37 13.37 2.25 .16 5.20 3.37 2.39
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 45.88 31.92 13.96 3.71 .14 4.14 3.11 2.87
Health care and social assistance...... 29.49 20.73 8.76 2.34 .63 2.54 .98 2.27
Hospitals............................ 38.53 25.76 12.77 3.41 1.12 3.90 1.59 2.74
Percent of total compensation
Civilian workers(1)............................ 100.0 69.4 30.6 7.0 2.4 8.9 4.6 7.7
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 69.8 30.2 8.0 2.4 8.1 5.2 6.5
Management, business, and financial.... 100.0 69.2 30.8 9.1 3.4 7.1 4.7 6.5
Professional and related............... 100.0 70.1 29.9 7.5 1.9 8.5 5.4 6.6
Teachers(2).......................... 100.0 71.5 28.5 4.9 .3 9.9 7.7 5.7
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 100.0 70.4 29.6 4.5 .3 11.3 8.2 5.3
Registered nurses.................... 100.0 69.5 30.5 8.2 3.0 7.8 4.1 7.3
Sales and office......................... 100.0 70.4 29.6 6.5 2.0 9.9 3.3 7.9
Sales and related...................... 100.0 74.8 25.2 5.4 2.1 6.8 2.5 8.4
Office and administrative support...... 100.0 68.1 31.9 7.1 1.9 11.5 3.8 7.6
Service.................................. 100.0 71.0 29.0 5.6 1.8 8.4 3.9 9.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 100.0 67.3 32.7 5.6 2.8 9.1 5.5 9.7
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry(3).............. 100.0 66.5 33.5 4.4 2.9 8.7 6.9 10.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 100.0 68.1 31.9 6.8 2.7 9.6 4.1 8.8
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 100.0 66.3 33.7 5.9 3.5 10.7 4.0 9.6
Production............................. 100.0 65.8 34.2 6.3 4.2 10.8 3.8 9.2
Transportation and material moving..... 100.0 66.8 33.2 5.5 2.8 10.7 4.2 10.0
Industry group
Education and health services............ 100.0 69.8 30.2 7.1 1.2 9.8 5.4 6.8
Educational services................... 100.0 69.2 30.8 6.2 .4 10.9 7.3 5.9
Elementary and secondary schools..... 100.0 68.7 31.3 5.3 .4 12.2 7.9 5.6
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 100.0 69.6 30.4 8.1 .3 9.0 6.8 6.2
Health care and social assistance...... 100.0 70.3 29.7 7.9 2.1 8.6 3.3 7.7
Hospitals............................ 100.0 66.8 33.2 8.8 2.9 10.1 4.1 7.1
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal
government.
2 Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and
instructors.
3 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 3. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State and local
government workers, by major occupational and industry group, December 2011
Occupational group(1) Industry group
Management, Sales
Compensation All professional, and Service Service-providin-
component workers and office g(2)
related
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $40.90 100.0 $49.59 100.0 $28.27 100.0 $30.59 100.0 $40.93 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 26.75 65.4 33.71 68.0 17.22 60.9 18.22 59.6 26.79 65.4
Total benefits............................... 14.16 34.6 15.87 32.0 11.05 39.1 12.36 40.4 14.15 34.6
Paid leave................................. 3.02 7.4 3.34 6.7 2.49 8.8 2.70 8.8 3.02 7.4
Vacation................................. 1.13 2.8 1.12 2.3 1.11 3.9 1.16 3.8 1.13 2.8
Holiday.................................. .88 2.2 .93 1.9 .78 2.8 .86 2.8 .88 2.2
Sick..................................... .78 1.9 .99 2.0 .48 1.7 .55 1.8 .78 1.9
Personal................................. .23 .6 .31 .6 .12 .4 .14 .4 .23 .6
Supplemental pay........................... .33 .8 .23 .5 .20 .7 .57 1.9 .33 .8
Overtime and premium(3).................. .17 .4 .07 .1 .11 .4 .38 1.3 .17 .4
Shift differentials...................... .04 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .08 .3 .04 .1
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .11 .3 .14 .3 .07 .2 .10 .3 .11 .3
Insurance.................................. 4.89 11.9 5.43 11.0 4.33 15.3 3.99 13.0 4.89 11.9
Life..................................... .08 .2 .12 .2 .05 .2 .05 .1 .08 .2
Health................................... 4.73 11.6 5.23 10.6 4.24 15.0 3.90 12.7 4.74 11.6
Short-term disability.................... .03 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .1 .05 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 3.41 8.3 4.00 8.1 2.14 7.6 3.04 9.9 3.40 8.3
Defined benefit.......................... 3.08 7.5 3.57 7.2 1.91 6.7 2.85 9.3 3.07 7.5
Defined contribution..................... .33 .8 .44 .9 .23 .8 .19 .6 .33 .8
Legally required benefits.................. 2.51 6.1 2.87 5.8 1.89 6.7 2.07 6.8 2.51 6.1
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.88 4.6 2.29 4.6 1.36 4.8 1.33 4.4 1.88 4.6
Social Security(4)..................... 1.46 3.6 1.76 3.5 1.07 3.8 1.03 3.4 1.45 3.6
Medicare............................... .43 1.0 .53 1.1 .28 1.0 .30 1.0 .43 1.0
Federal unemployment insurance........... (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6) (5) (6)
State unemployment insurance............. .13 .3 .12 .2 .17 .6 .11 .4 .13 .3
Workers' compensation.................... .50 1.2 .45 .9 .36 1.3 .62 2.0 .50 1.2
1 This table presents data for the three major occupational groups in State and local government: management, professional, and related
occupations, including teachers; sales and office occupations, including clerical workers; and service occupations, including police and
firefighters.
2 Service-providing industries, which include health and educational services, employ a large part of the State and local government
workforce.
3 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
6 Less than .05 percent.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 4. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State
and local government workers, by occupational and industry group, December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
State and local government workers............. $40.90 $26.75 $14.16 $3.02 $0.33 $4.89 $3.41 $2.51
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 49.59 33.71 15.87 3.34 .23 5.43 4.00 2.87
Professional and related............... 48.67 33.30 15.37 3.01 .22 5.41 3.96 2.76
Teachers(1).......................... 56.07 39.65 16.42 2.73 .14 5.87 4.63 3.06
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 56.89 39.90 16.99 2.53 .16 6.54 4.82 2.94
Sales and office......................... 28.27 17.22 11.05 2.49 .20 4.33 2.14 1.89
Office and administrative support...... 28.46 17.28 11.17 2.52 .20 4.40 2.17 1.89
Service.................................. 30.59 18.22 12.36 2.70 .57 3.99 3.04 2.07
Industry group
Education and health services............ 42.78 28.98 13.80 2.69 .20 5.07 3.38 2.45
Educational services................... 43.85 29.95 13.90 2.61 .15 5.15 3.54 2.45
Elementary and secondary schools..... 43.48 29.73 13.76 2.27 .16 5.38 3.56 2.38
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 45.22 30.81 14.41 3.69 .12 4.39 3.53 2.68
Health care and social assistance...... 35.49 22.41 13.08 3.26 .59 4.57 2.23 2.44
Hospitals............................ 38.31 24.16 14.14 3.61 .74 4.96 2.35 2.48
Public administration.................... 39.09 23.76 15.33 3.71 .56 4.74 3.67 2.65
Percent of total compensation
State and local government workers............. 100.0 65.4 34.6 7.4 0.8 11.9 8.3 6.1
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 68.0 32.0 6.7 .5 11.0 8.1 5.8
Professional and related............... 100.0 68.4 31.6 6.2 .5 11.1 8.1 5.7
Teachers(1).......................... 100.0 70.7 29.3 4.9 .2 10.5 8.3 5.5
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers......... 100.0 70.1 29.9 4.5 .3 11.5 8.5 5.2
Sales and office......................... 100.0 60.9 39.1 8.8 .7 15.3 7.6 6.7
Office and administrative support...... 100.0 60.7 39.3 8.9 .7 15.4 7.6 6.6
Service.................................. 100.0 59.6 40.4 8.8 1.9 13.0 9.9 6.8
Industry group
Education and health services............ 100.0 67.7 32.3 6.3 .5 11.9 7.9 5.7
Educational services................... 100.0 68.3 31.7 6.0 .3 11.7 8.1 5.6
Elementary and secondary schools..... 100.0 68.4 31.6 5.2 .4 12.4 8.2 5.5
Junior colleges, colleges, and
universities....................... 100.0 68.1 31.9 8.2 .3 9.7 7.8 5.9
Health care and social assistance...... 100.0 63.1 36.9 9.2 1.7 12.9 6.3 6.9
Hospitals............................ 100.0 63.1 36.9 9.4 1.9 13.0 6.1 6.5
Public administration.................... 100.0 60.8 39.2 9.5 1.4 12.1 9.4 6.8
1 Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and
instructors.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 5. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major occupational group and bargaining unit status, December
2011
Occupational group Bargaining unit status
Management, Natural Production,
Compensation All professional, Sales resources, transportation,
component workers and and Service construction, and Union Nonunion
related office and material
maintenance moving
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $28.57 100.0 $50.48 100.0 $22.39 100.0 $14.01 100.0 $31.21 100.0 $23.89 100.0 $38.23 100.0 $27.58 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 20.14 70.5 35.58 70.5 16.01 71.5 10.57 75.4 21.25 68.1 15.91 66.6 23.04 60.3 19.84 71.9
Total benefits............................... 8.43 29.5 14.90 29.5 6.37 28.5 3.44 24.6 9.95 31.9 7.98 33.4 15.19 39.7 7.74 28.1
Paid leave................................. 1.97 6.9 4.30 8.5 1.39 6.2 .60 4.3 1.63 5.2 1.39 5.8 2.76 7.2 1.89 6.8
Vacation................................. 1.01 3.5 2.24 4.4 .69 3.1 .30 2.2 .84 2.7 .72 3.0 1.41 3.7 .97 3.5
Holiday.................................. .61 2.1 1.28 2.5 .44 2.0 .19 1.3 .55 1.7 .47 2.0 .81 2.1 .59 2.1
Sick..................................... .25 .9 .57 1.1 .18 .8 .08 .6 .16 .5 .14 .6 .39 1.0 .23 .8
Personal................................. .10 .3 .21 .4 .08 .3 .03 .2 .09 .3 .06 .2 .15 .4 .09 .3
Supplemental pay........................... .80 2.8 1.59 3.1 .47 2.1 .25 1.8 .92 3.0 .86 3.6 1.18 3.1 .77 2.8
Overtime and premium(1).................. .25 .9 .17 .3 .14 .6 .13 .9 .64 2.0 .50 2.1 .72 1.9 .20 .7
Shift differentials...................... .06 .2 .12 .2 .02 .1 .05 .3 .04 .1 .08 .3 .16 .4 .05 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .50 1.7 1.30 2.6 .31 1.4 .08 .6 .24 .8 .28 1.2 .31 .8 .52 1.9
Insurance.................................. 2.31 8.1 3.51 7.0 2.07 9.3 .93 6.7 2.71 8.7 2.50 10.5 5.21 13.6 2.01 7.3
Life..................................... .04 .1 .08 .2 .03 .1 (2) (3) .04 .1 .04 .2 .07 .2 .04 .1
Health................................... 2.17 7.6 3.25 6.4 1.98 8.8 .90 6.4 2.56 8.2 2.36 9.9 4.91 12.8 1.89 6.9
Short-term disability.................... .05 .2 .08 .2 .03 .2 (2) (3) .08 .2 .05 .2 .13 .4 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .04 .2 .09 .2 .03 .1 (2) (3) .03 .1 .05 .2 .09 .2 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.02 3.6 2.05 4.1 .64 2.8 .22 1.6 1.58 5.1 .91 3.8 2.85 7.5 .84 3.0
Defined benefit.......................... .43 1.5 .71 1.4 .21 .9 .09 .6 1.03 3.3 .54 2.3 2.08 5.4 .26 .9
Defined contribution..................... .59 2.1 1.35 2.7 .43 1.9 .13 1.0 .55 1.8 .37 1.5 .77 2.0 .58 2.1
Legally required benefits.................. 2.33 8.1 3.46 6.8 1.80 8.0 1.43 10.2 3.11 10.0 2.32 9.7 3.18 8.3 2.24 8.1
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.67 5.9 2.89 5.7 1.34 6.0 .91 6.5 1.80 5.8 1.36 5.7 2.01 5.3 1.64 5.9
Social Security(4)..................... 1.34 4.7 2.29 4.5 1.08 4.8 .74 5.3 1.46 4.7 1.10 4.6 1.62 4.2 1.31 4.8
Medicare............................... .33 1.2 .60 1.2 .26 1.2 .17 1.2 .34 1.1 .26 1.1 .39 1.0 .33 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .02 .1 .02 (3) .03 .1 .03 .2 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .21 .8 .22 .4 .20 .9 .18 1.3 .27 .9 .25 1.0 .28 .7 .21 .8
Workers' compensation.................... .41 1.4 .33 .7 .24 1.1 .31 2.2 1.02 3.3 .69 2.9 .86 2.3 .37 1.3
1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
3 Less than .05 percent.
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 6. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major industry group, December 2011
Goods-producing(1) Service-providing(2)
All Trade, Professional Education Leisure
Compensation All goods- Construction Manufacturing service- transportation, Information Financial and and and Other services
component producing(1) providing(2) and activities business health hospitality
utilities services services
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $33.64 100.0 $33.08 100.0 $32.93 100.0 $27.54 100.0 $23.88 100.0 $43.10 100.0 $39.70 100.0 $34.39 100.0 $30.53 100.0 $12.14 100.0 $24.83 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 22.40 66.6 23.04 69.7 21.59 65.6 19.68 71.5 16.94 71.0 29.16 67.7 26.68 67.2 24.85 72.3 21.82 71.5 9.65 79.5 18.30 73.7
Total benefits............................... 11.24 33.4 10.04 30.3 11.34 34.4 7.86 28.5 6.94 29.0 13.94 32.3 13.02 32.8 9.54 27.7 8.71 28.5 2.49 20.5 6.53 26.3
Paid leave................................. 2.19 6.5 1.37 4.2 2.44 7.4 1.92 7.0 1.42 6.0 3.92 9.1 3.27 8.2 2.55 7.4 2.36 7.7 .39 3.2 1.53 6.2
Vacation................................. 1.16 3.4 .72 2.2 1.29 3.9 .98 3.6 .74 3.1 2.00 4.6 1.65 4.2 1.31 3.8 1.19 3.9 .21 1.7 .73 2.9
Holiday.................................. .77 2.3 .50 1.5 .86 2.6 .58 2.1 .43 1.8 1.04 2.4 .97 2.4 .82 2.4 .67 2.2 .12 1.0 .51 2.0
Sick..................................... .19 .6 .11 .3 .22 .7 .26 .9 .19 .8 .50 1.2 .47 1.2 .31 .9 .35 1.1 .04 .3 .23 .9
Personal................................. .07 .2 .05 .1 .08 .2 .10 .4 .06 .3 .38 .9 .18 .5 .11 .3 .15 .5 .02 .1 .07 .3
Supplemental pay........................... 1.34 4.0 .96 2.9 1.41 4.3 .70 2.5 .54 2.3 1.37 3.2 1.98 5.0 .94 2.7 .56 1.8 .12 1.0 .29 1.2
Overtime and premium(3).................. .54 1.6 .58 1.7 .51 1.5 .19 .7 .25 1.0 .34 .8 .15 .4 .18 .5 .21 .7 .07 .6 .11 .4
Shift differentials...................... .08 .2 (4) (5) .11 .3 .06 .2 .02 .1 .05 .1 (4) (5) .03 .1 .20 .7 (4) (5) (4) (5)
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .72 2.1 .37 1.1 .79 2.4 .45 1.6 .27 1.1 .98 2.3 1.81 4.6 .73 2.1 .15 .5 .05 .4 .18 .7
Insurance.................................. 3.15 9.4 2.50 7.5 3.38 10.3 2.14 7.8 2.05 8.6 4.13 9.6 3.42 8.6 2.36 6.8 2.46 8.1 .56 4.6 1.72 6.9
Life..................................... .06 .2 .04 .1 .06 .2 .04 .1 .04 .2 .06 .1 .06 .1 .06 .2 .03 .1 (4) (5) .04 .1
Health................................... 2.97 8.8 2.38 7.2 3.18 9.7 2.01 7.3 1.94 8.1 3.83 8.9 3.19 8.0 2.19 6.4 2.34 7.7 .54 4.4 1.64 6.6
Short-term disability.................... .08 .2 .05 .1 .09 .3 .04 .2 .03 .1 .16 .4 .10 .3 .05 .2 .03 .1 (4) (5) .02 .1
Long-term disability..................... .05 .1 .02 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .07 .2 .07 .2 .06 .2 .05 .2 (4) (5) .02 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.64 4.9 1.78 5.4 1.43 4.3 .90 3.3 .82 3.4 1.52 3.5 1.73 4.4 1.05 3.1 .99 3.2 .14 1.1 .85 3.4
Defined benefit.......................... .95 2.8 1.13 3.4 .76 2.3 .33 1.2 .39 1.6 .49 1.1 .67 1.7 .31 .9 .28 .9 .04 .3 .42 1.7
Defined contribution..................... .70 2.1 .64 1.9 .67 2.0 .57 2.1 .43 1.8 1.04 2.4 1.06 2.7 .74 2.2 .71 2.3 .09 .8 .44 1.8
Legally required benefits.................. 2.92 8.7 3.43 10.4 2.68 8.1 2.21 8.0 2.10 8.8 3.00 7.0 2.63 6.6 2.64 7.7 2.34 7.7 1.28 10.6 2.14 8.6
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.90 5.6 1.89 5.7 1.86 5.6 1.63 5.9 1.40 5.9 2.48 5.8 2.19 5.5 2.03 5.9 1.81 5.9 .84 7.0 1.51 6.1
Social Security(6)..................... 1.52 4.5 1.53 4.6 1.49 4.5 1.31 4.7 1.13 4.7 1.99 4.6 1.74 4.4 1.62 4.7 1.45 4.8 .68 5.6 1.22 4.9
Medicare............................... .37 1.1 .37 1.1 .36 1.1 .32 1.2 .27 1.1 .49 1.1 .46 1.2 .41 1.2 .36 1.2 .16 1.3 .29 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .03 .3 .02 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .29 .9 .35 1.1 .27 .8 .20 .7 .20 .8 .23 .5 .21 .5 .24 .7 .17 .5 .17 1.4 .25 1.0
Workers' compensation.................... .71 2.1 1.16 3.5 .53 1.6 .35 1.3 .48 2.0 .27 .6 .20 .5 .34 1.0 .35 1.1 .24 2.0 .36 1.5
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste
services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
3 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
4 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
5 Less than .05 percent.
6 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 7. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and division, December 2011
Census region and division(1)
Northeast Northeast divisions South South divisions Midwest Midwest divisions West West divisions
Compensation
component
New England Middle Atlantic South Atlantic East South Central West South Central East North Central West North Central Mountain Pacific
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $32.85 100.0 $33.58 100.0 $32.58 100.0 $25.88 100.0 $25.97 100.0 $24.32 100.0 $26.37 100.0 27.66 100.0 27.66 100.0 27.65 100.0 29.90 100.0 28.29 100.0 30.64 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 22.74 69.2 23.47 69.9 22.48 69.0 18.58 71.8 18.81 72.4 17.18 70.7 18.77 71.2 19.23 69.5 19.06 68.9 19.61 70.9 21.21 70.9 20.38 72.1 21.58 70.4
Total benefits............................... 10.11 30.8 10.11 30.1 10.11 31.0 7.30 28.2 7.17 27.6 7.14 29.3 7.60 28.8 8.43 30.5 8.60 31.1 8.04 29.1 8.69 29.1 7.90 27.9 9.05 29.6
Paid leave................................. 2.46 7.5 2.49 7.4 2.45 7.5 1.72 6.6 1.75 6.7 1.57 6.5 1.73 6.6 1.85 6.7 1.84 6.6 1.89 6.8 2.04 6.8 1.92 6.8 2.09 6.8
Vacation................................. 1.23 3.7 1.28 3.8 1.21 3.7 .87 3.3 .88 3.4 .79 3.3 .87 3.3 .99 3.6 .97 3.5 1.04 3.8 1.07 3.6 1.04 3.7 1.08 3.5
Holiday.................................. .75 2.3 .78 2.3 .74 2.3 .55 2.1 .55 2.1 .50 2.1 .56 2.1 .57 2.1 .58 2.1 .56 2.0 .62 2.1 .54 1.9 .65 2.1
Sick..................................... .34 1.0 .31 .9 .35 1.1 .21 .8 .22 .8 .19 .8 .22 .8 .20 .7 .19 .7 .22 .8 .27 .9 .23 .8 .29 .9
Personal................................. .14 .4 .12 .4 .15 .5 .09 .3 .09 .3 .08 .3 .09 .3 .09 .3 .09 .3 .07 .2 .08 .3 .10 .4 .07 .2
Supplemental pay........................... 1.00 3.0 .91 2.7 1.03 3.2 .77 3.0 .64 2.5 .73 3.0 1.01 3.8 .75 2.7 .80 2.9 .62 2.3 .75 2.5 .73 2.6 .75 2.5
Overtime and premium(2).................. .23 .7 .24 .7 .23 .7 .26 1.0 .23 .9 .29 1.2 .32 1.2 .26 .9 .27 1.0 .23 .8 .22 .7 .21 .7 .22 .7
Shift differentials...................... .07 .2 .08 .2 .07 .2 .06 .2 .06 .2 .06 .3 .05 .2 .07 .3 .08 .3 .05 .2 .05 .2 .04 .2 .05 .2
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .69 2.1 .58 1.7 .73 2.2 .45 1.7 .36 1.4 .38 1.6 .64 2.4 .41 1.5 .45 1.6 .34 1.2 .48 1.6 .48 1.7 .48 1.6
Insurance.................................. 2.75 8.4 2.78 8.3 2.74 8.4 1.94 7.5 1.94 7.4 2.00 8.2 1.92 7.3 2.49 9.0 2.56 9.3 2.32 8.4 2.30 7.7 2.00 7.1 2.43 7.9
Life..................................... .05 .1 .05 .2 .05 .1 .04 .2 .04 .1 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .1 .04 .1 .05 .2 .04 .1 .06 .2 .04 .1
Health................................... 2.58 7.8 2.61 7.8 2.56 7.9 1.82 7.0 1.82 7.0 1.88 7.7 1.80 6.8 2.35 8.5 2.42 8.8 2.18 7.9 2.18 7.3 1.87 6.6 2.32 7.6
Short-term disability.................... .08 .2 .06 .2 .08 .3 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .2 .04 .1 .05 .2 .06 .2 .04 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1
Long-term disability..................... .05 .2 .05 .2 .05 .1 .04 .1 .04 .1 .04 .2 .04 .1 .05 .2 .04 .2 .06 .2 .04 .1 .05 .2 .04 .1
Retirement and savings..................... 1.24 3.8 1.26 3.7 1.24 3.8 .81 3.1 .77 2.9 .83 3.4 .89 3.4 1.11 4.0 1.15 4.2 1.02 3.7 1.06 3.5 1.04 3.7 1.07 3.5
Defined benefit.......................... .54 1.7 .50 1.5 .56 1.7 .30 1.2 .25 1.0 .39 1.6 .36 1.3 .52 1.9 .61 2.2 .32 1.1 .43 1.4 .31 1.1 .49 1.6
Defined contribution..................... .70 2.1 .76 2.3 .68 2.1 .51 2.0 .51 2.0 .44 1.8 .53 2.0 .59 2.1 .55 2.0 .70 2.5 .63 2.1 .73 2.6 .58 1.9
Legally required benefits.................. 2.66 8.1 2.68 8.0 2.65 8.1 2.06 8.0 2.08 8.0 2.00 8.2 2.05 7.8 2.23 8.1 2.25 8.1 2.19 7.9 2.55 8.5 2.22 7.8 2.71 8.8
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.89 5.7 1.95 5.8 1.86 5.7 1.55 6.0 1.57 6.0 1.47 6.0 1.57 6.0 1.61 5.8 1.61 5.8 1.61 5.8 1.75 5.8 1.64 5.8 1.80 5.9
Social Security(3)..................... 1.51 4.6 1.56 4.7 1.49 4.6 1.25 4.8 1.26 4.8 1.19 4.9 1.26 4.8 1.29 4.7 1.29 4.7 1.29 4.6 1.40 4.7 1.30 4.6 1.44 4.7
Medicare............................... .38 1.2 .39 1.2 .38 1.2 .31 1.2 .31 1.2 .28 1.2 .31 1.2 .32 1.1 .31 1.1 .32 1.2 .35 1.2 .33 1.2 .35 1.2
Federal unemployment insurance........... .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .03 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .30 .9 .32 .9 .30 .9 .15 .6 .15 .6 .14 .6 .14 .5 .22 .8 .22 .8 .21 .8 .24 .8 .17 .6 .27 .9
Workers' compensation.................... .44 1.3 .39 1.1 .46 1.4 .34 1.3 .34 1.3 .36 1.5 .31 1.2 .38 1.4 .40 1.4 .35 1.3 .55 1.8 .38 1.4 .62 2.0
1 The States that comprise the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,
North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
2 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
3 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 8. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by establishment employment
size, December 2011
1-99 workers 100 workers or more
Compensation
component 1-99 workers 1-49 workers 50-99 workers 100 workers or more 100-499 workers 500 workers or more
Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent
Total compensation............................. $23.68 100.0 $22.80 100.0 $26.38 100.0 $34.30 100.0 $29.02 100.0 $41.69 100.0
Wages and salaries........................... 17.50 73.9 17.05 74.8 18.89 71.6 23.23 67.7 20.28 69.9 27.36 65.6
Total benefits............................... 6.18 26.1 5.75 25.2 7.49 28.4 11.07 32.3 8.74 30.1 14.32 34.4
Paid leave................................. 1.36 5.7 1.25 5.5 1.71 6.5 2.68 7.8 2.04 7.0 3.58 8.6
Vacation................................. .69 2.9 .62 2.7 .89 3.4 1.39 4.1 1.05 3.6 1.87 4.5
Holiday.................................. .44 1.9 .42 1.8 .52 2.0 .80 2.3 .63 2.2 1.04 2.5
Sick..................................... .16 .7 .15 .6 .21 .8 .35 1.0 .25 .8 .49 1.2
Personal................................. .07 .3 .06 .2 .09 .3 .13 .4 .10 .4 .18 .4
Supplemental pay........................... .52 2.2 .46 2.0 .69 2.6 1.14 3.3 .73 2.5 1.72 4.1
Overtime and premium(1).................. .17 .7 .15 .7 .24 .9 .33 1.0 .30 1.0 .38 .9
Shift differentials...................... (2) (3) (2) (3) .03 .1 .12 .3 .06 .2 .20 .5
Nonproduction bonuses.................... .33 1.4 .30 1.3 .42 1.6 .69 2.0 .37 1.3 1.14 2.7
Insurance.................................. 1.61 6.8 1.47 6.4 2.04 7.7 3.13 9.1 2.57 8.9 3.91 9.4
Life..................................... .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .1 .05 .2 .05 .2 .06 .2
Health................................... 1.52 6.4 1.39 6.1 1.92 7.3 2.94 8.6 2.42 8.4 3.66 8.8
Short-term disability.................... .03 .1 .03 .1 .04 .2 .07 .2 .06 .2 .09 .2
Long-term disability..................... .02 .1 .02 .1 .04 .1 .07 .2 .04 .1 .10 .2
Retirement and savings..................... .60 2.5 .52 2.3 .83 3.2 1.52 4.4 1.07 3.7 2.15 5.2
Defined benefit.......................... .21 .9 .18 .8 .29 1.1 .69 2.0 .42 1.4 1.07 2.6
Defined contribution..................... .39 1.7 .34 1.5 .55 2.1 .83 2.4 .65 2.2 1.08 2.6
Legally required benefits.................. 2.10 8.9 2.06 9.0 2.22 8.4 2.60 7.6 2.34 8.1 2.96 7.1
Social Security and Medicare............. 1.44 6.1 1.40 6.2 1.56 5.9 1.95 5.7 1.68 5.8 2.33 5.6
Social Security(4)..................... 1.16 4.9 1.13 5.0 1.25 4.7 1.56 4.5 1.34 4.6 1.86 4.5
Medicare............................... .28 1.2 .27 1.2 .31 1.2 .39 1.1 .33 1.1 .47 1.1
Federal unemployment insurance........... .03 .1 .03 .1 .03 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1 .02 .1
State unemployment insurance............. .22 .9 .21 .9 .22 .8 .21 .6 .22 .8 .20 .5
Workers' compensation.................... .41 1.7 .41 1.8 .42 1.6 .42 1.2 .42 1.5 .41 1.0
1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).
2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
3 Less than .05 percent.
4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 9. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, goods-producing and service-providing industries, by occupational group, December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers in private industry...................... $28.57 $20.14 $8.43 $1.97 $0.80 $2.31 $1.02 $2.33
Management, professional, and related.......... 50.48 35.58 14.90 4.30 1.59 3.51 2.05 3.46
Management, business, and financial.......... 58.02 40.47 17.55 5.24 2.28 3.84 2.42 3.78
Professional and related..................... 46.64 33.09 13.55 3.82 1.23 3.34 1.87 3.29
Sales and office............................... 22.39 16.01 6.37 1.39 .47 2.07 .64 1.80
Sales and related............................ 21.26 15.94 5.33 1.13 .45 1.44 .52 1.79
Office and administrative support............ 23.15 16.06 7.09 1.57 .49 2.50 .71 1.81
Service........................................ 14.01 10.57 3.44 .60 .25 .93 .22 1.43
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 31.21 21.25 9.95 1.63 .92 2.71 1.58 3.11
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 31.61 21.28 10.32 1.20 .98 2.58 2.08 3.49
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 30.85 21.23 9.63 2.01 .87 2.82 1.14 2.78
Production, transportation, and material moving 23.89 15.91 7.98 1.39 .86 2.50 .91 2.32
Production................................... 24.58 16.20 8.39 1.53 1.04 2.64 .91 2.27
Transportation and material moving........... 23.20 15.63 7.57 1.25 .68 2.36 .91 2.37
All workers, goods-producing industries(2)....... 33.64 22.40 11.24 2.19 1.34 3.15 1.64 2.92
Management, professional, and related.......... 61.24 41.39 19.86 5.32 2.78 4.39 3.27 4.09
Sales and office............................... 27.33 19.20 8.13 1.80 .63 2.65 .81 2.24
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 32.43 21.70 10.74 1.33 1.06 2.85 2.04 3.44
Production, transportation, and material moving 25.92 16.73 9.19 1.63 1.15 3.00 1.03 2.38
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 27.54 19.68 7.86 1.92 .70 2.14 .90 2.21
Management, professional, and related.......... 49.11 34.84 14.27 4.17 1.43 3.40 1.90 3.38
Sales and office............................... 22.04 15.79 6.25 1.36 .46 2.03 .62 1.77
Service........................................ 13.91 10.52 3.39 .59 .24 .92 .21 1.43
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 29.78 20.73 9.04 1.97 .77 2.54 1.04 2.72
Production, transportation, and material moving 22.21 15.24 6.97 1.19 .62 2.08 .81 2.27
Percent of total compensation
All workers in private industry...................... 100.0 70.5 29.5 6.9 2.8 8.1 3.6 8.1
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 70.5 29.5 8.5 3.1 7.0 4.1 6.8
Management, business, and financial.......... 100.0 69.8 30.2 9.0 3.9 6.6 4.2 6.5
Professional and related..................... 100.0 70.9 29.1 8.2 2.6 7.2 4.0 7.1
Sales and office............................... 100.0 71.5 28.5 6.2 2.1 9.3 2.8 8.0
Sales and related............................ 100.0 75.0 25.0 5.3 2.1 6.8 2.4 8.4
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 69.4 30.6 6.8 2.1 10.8 3.1 7.8
Service........................................ 100.0 75.4 24.6 4.3 1.8 6.7 1.6 10.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 68.1 31.9 5.2 3.0 8.7 5.1 10.0
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 100.0 67.3 32.7 3.8 3.1 8.2 6.6 11.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 100.0 68.8 31.2 6.5 2.8 9.1 3.7 9.0
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 66.6 33.4 5.8 3.6 10.5 3.8 9.7
Production................................... 100.0 65.9 34.1 6.2 4.2 10.7 3.7 9.2
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 67.4 32.6 5.4 2.9 10.2 3.9 10.2
All workers, goods-producing industries(2)....... 100.0 66.6 33.4 6.5 4.0 9.4 4.9 8.7
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 67.6 32.4 8.7 4.5 7.2 5.3 6.7
Sales and office............................... 100.0 70.3 29.7 6.6 2.3 9.7 3.0 8.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 66.9 33.1 4.1 3.3 8.8 6.3 10.6
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 64.6 35.4 6.3 4.4 11.6 4.0 9.2
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 100.0 71.5 28.5 7.0 2.5 7.8 3.3 8.0
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 70.9 29.1 8.5 2.9 6.9 3.9 6.9
Sales and office............................... 100.0 71.6 28.4 6.2 2.1 9.2 2.8 8.0
Service........................................ 100.0 75.6 24.4 4.3 1.7 6.6 1.5 10.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 69.6 30.4 6.6 2.6 8.5 3.5 9.1
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 68.6 31.4 5.4 2.8 9.4 3.6 10.2
1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance;
real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises;
administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and
recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 10. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, by industry group, December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers, goods-producing industries(1)....... $33.64 $22.40 $11.24 $2.19 $1.34 $3.15 $1.64 $2.92
Construction................................... 33.08 23.04 10.04 1.37 .96 2.50 1.78 3.43
Manufacturing.................................. 32.93 21.59 11.34 2.44 1.41 3.38 1.43 2.68
Aircraft manufacturing(2).................... 61.51 39.38 22.13 5.88 3.23 6.13 2.82 4.07
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 27.54 19.68 7.86 1.92 .70 2.14 .90 2.21
Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 23.88 16.94 6.94 1.42 .54 2.05 .82 2.10
Wholesale trade.............................. 31.55 22.30 9.25 2.14 .93 2.52 1.08 2.58
Retail trade................................. 17.48 13.19 4.29 .79 .26 1.28 .35 1.62
Transportation and warehousing............... 33.44 21.74 11.70 2.38 .90 3.82 1.54 3.06
Utilities.................................... 57.32 35.14 22.18 5.03 2.15 5.37 5.72 3.90
Information.................................... 43.10 29.16 13.94 3.92 1.37 4.13 1.52 3.00
Financial activities........................... 39.70 26.68 13.02 3.27 1.98 3.42 1.73 2.63
Finance and insurance........................ 42.81 28.37 14.44 3.66 2.33 3.74 2.03 2.68
Credit intermediation and related
activities................................ 36.52 24.31 12.21 3.15 1.53 3.42 1.75 2.37
Insurance carriers and related activities.. 41.04 27.49 13.55 3.52 1.39 3.84 2.10 2.71
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 29.31 21.01 8.30 1.97 .80 2.34 .74 2.45
Professional and business services............. 34.39 24.85 9.54 2.55 .94 2.36 1.05 2.64
Professional and technical services.......... 44.53 32.09 12.44 3.70 1.20 2.98 1.44 3.12
Administrative and waste services............ 22.02 16.47 5.55 1.11 .54 1.39 .45 2.06
Education and health services.................. 30.53 21.82 8.71 2.36 .56 2.46 .99 2.34
Educational services......................... 39.74 29.03 10.71 2.91 .17 3.10 1.71 2.82
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 47.00 33.80 13.20 3.74 .18 3.71 2.40 3.17
Health care and social assistance............ 28.95 20.58 8.36 2.26 .63 2.35 .86 2.26
Leisure and hospitality........................ 12.14 9.65 2.49 .39 .12 .56 .14 1.28
Accommodation and food services.............. 11.18 8.97 2.21 .31 .11 .46 .11 1.21
Other services................................. 24.83 18.30 6.53 1.53 .29 1.72 .85 2.14
Percent of total compensation
All workers, goods-producing industries(1)....... 100.0 66.6 33.4 6.5 4.0 9.4 4.9 8.7
Construction................................... 100.0 69.7 30.3 4.2 2.9 7.5 5.4 10.4
Manufacturing.................................. 100.0 65.6 34.4 7.4 4.3 10.3 4.3 8.1
Aircraft manufacturing(2).................... 100.0 64.0 36.0 9.6 5.3 10.0 4.6 6.6
All workers, service-providing industries(3)..... 100.0 71.5 28.5 7.0 2.5 7.8 3.3 8.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 100.0 71.0 29.0 6.0 2.3 8.6 3.4 8.8
Wholesale trade.............................. 100.0 70.7 29.3 6.8 2.9 8.0 3.4 8.2
Retail trade................................. 100.0 75.4 24.6 4.5 1.5 7.3 2.0 9.3
Transportation and warehousing............... 100.0 65.0 35.0 7.1 2.7 11.4 4.6 9.2
Utilities.................................... 100.0 61.3 38.7 8.8 3.8 9.4 10.0 6.8
Information.................................... 100.0 67.7 32.3 9.1 3.2 9.6 3.5 7.0
Financial activities........................... 100.0 67.2 32.8 8.2 5.0 8.6 4.4 6.6
Finance and insurance........................ 100.0 66.3 33.7 8.5 5.4 8.7 4.7 6.3
Credit intermediation and related
activities................................ 100.0 66.6 33.4 8.6 4.2 9.4 4.8 6.5
Insurance carriers and related activities.. 100.0 67.0 33.0 8.6 3.4 9.3 5.1 6.6
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 100.0 71.7 28.3 6.7 2.7 8.0 2.5 8.3
Professional and business services............. 100.0 72.3 27.7 7.4 2.7 6.8 3.1 7.7
Professional and technical services.......... 100.0 72.1 27.9 8.3 2.7 6.7 3.2 7.0
Administrative and waste services............ 100.0 74.8 25.2 5.1 2.5 6.3 2.0 9.3
Education and health services.................. 100.0 71.5 28.5 7.7 1.8 8.1 3.2 7.7
Educational services......................... 100.0 73.0 27.0 7.3 .4 7.8 4.3 7.1
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities 100.0 71.9 28.1 7.9 .4 7.9 5.1 6.7
Health care and social assistance............ 100.0 71.1 28.9 7.8 2.2 8.1 3.0 7.8
Leisure and hospitality........................ 100.0 79.5 20.5 3.2 1.0 4.6 1.1 10.6
Accommodation and food services.............. 100.0 80.3 19.7 2.8 1.0 4.1 1.0 10.8
Other services................................. 100.0 73.7 26.3 6.2 1.2 6.9 3.4 8.6
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
2 Data are available beginning with December 2006.
3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance;
real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises;
administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and
recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 11. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private
industry workers, by occupational group and full-time and part-time status, December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All full-time workers in private industry.......... $33.19 $22.95 $10.23 $2.50 $1.02 $2.85 $1.30 $2.57
Management, professional, and related.......... 52.54 36.63 15.91 4.67 1.72 3.78 2.23 3.51
Management, business, and financial.......... 58.25 40.51 17.74 5.32 2.31 3.88 2.45 3.78
Professional and related..................... 49.12 34.30 14.82 4.28 1.37 3.71 2.10 3.35
Sales and office............................... 26.22 18.34 7.88 1.84 .63 2.62 .82 1.98
Sales and related............................ 28.37 20.81 7.56 1.82 .72 2.08 .78 2.16
Office and administrative support............ 25.17 17.13 8.04 1.85 .59 2.88 .83 1.89
Service........................................ 17.14 12.26 4.88 1.00 .39 1.55 .36 1.58
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 31.83 21.59 10.24 1.70 .96 2.81 1.64 3.12
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 32.21 21.63 10.58 1.25 1.00 2.69 2.15 3.49
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 31.49 21.57 9.93 2.11 .92 2.93 1.18 2.79
Production, transportation, and material moving 25.83 17.03 8.80 1.60 .98 2.75 1.04 2.42
Production................................... 25.50 16.65 8.84 1.63 1.11 2.81 .98 2.32
Transportation and material moving........... 26.25 17.50 8.75 1.57 .83 2.67 1.12 2.55
All part-time workers in private industry.......... 15.33 12.07 3.27 .45 .19 .76 .24 1.62
Management, professional, and related.......... 35.85 28.14 7.71 1.66 .61 1.61 .78 3.05
Professional and related..................... 34.73 27.26 7.47 1.61 .55 1.56 .76 3.01
Sales and office............................... 13.35 10.53 2.82 .34 .11 .79 .21 1.38
Sales and related............................ 11.85 9.49 2.36 .22 .09 .58 .17 1.30
Office and administrative support............ 15.46 12.00 3.46 .51 .14 1.08 .25 1.49
Service........................................ 10.89 8.88 2.01 .20 .11 .32 .09 1.29
Production, transportation, and material moving 14.84 10.71 4.13 .40 .28 1.33 .28 1.84
Transportation and material moving........... 15.11 10.68 4.43 .42 .28 1.53 .33 1.87
Percent of total compensation
All full-time workers in private industry.......... 100.0 69.2 30.8 7.5 3.1 8.6 3.9 7.8
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 69.7 30.3 8.9 3.3 7.2 4.2 6.7
Management, business, and financial.......... 100.0 69.5 30.5 9.1 4.0 6.7 4.2 6.5
Professional and related..................... 100.0 69.8 30.2 8.7 2.8 7.6 4.3 6.8
Sales and office............................... 100.0 69.9 30.1 7.0 2.4 10.0 3.1 7.6
Sales and related............................ 100.0 73.3 26.7 6.4 2.5 7.3 2.8 7.6
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 68.1 31.9 7.3 2.3 11.4 3.3 7.5
Service........................................ 100.0 71.5 28.5 5.8 2.3 9.0 2.1 9.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance................................... 100.0 67.8 32.2 5.3 3.0 8.8 5.2 9.8
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing,
and forestry(1)............................. 100.0 67.1 32.9 3.9 3.1 8.3 6.7 10.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair........ 100.0 68.5 31.5 6.7 2.9 9.3 3.7 8.9
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 65.9 34.1 6.2 3.8 10.6 4.0 9.4
Production................................... 100.0 65.3 34.7 6.4 4.3 11.0 3.9 9.1
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 66.7 33.3 6.0 3.2 10.2 4.3 9.7
All part-time workers in private industry.......... 100.0 78.7 21.3 2.9 1.3 4.9 1.6 10.6
Management, professional, and related.......... 100.0 78.5 21.5 4.6 1.7 4.5 2.2 8.5
Professional and related..................... 100.0 78.5 21.5 4.6 1.6 4.5 2.2 8.7
Sales and office............................... 100.0 78.9 21.1 2.6 .8 5.9 1.5 10.3
Sales and related............................ 100.0 80.1 19.9 1.9 .7 4.9 1.5 11.0
Office and administrative support............ 100.0 77.6 22.4 3.3 .9 7.0 1.6 9.6
Service........................................ 100.0 81.6 18.4 1.8 1.0 3.0 .8 11.8
Production, transportation, and material moving 100.0 72.2 27.8 2.7 1.9 8.9 1.9 12.4
Transportation and material moving........... 100.0 70.7 29.3 2.7 1.9 10.1 2.2 12.4
1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of
December 2006.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 12. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry workers, by industry group and full-time and part-time status, December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All full-time workers in private industry.... $33.19 $22.95 $10.23 $2.50 $1.02 $2.85 $1.30 $2.57
Goods-producing(1)......................... 34.26 22.73 11.53 2.25 1.38 3.26 1.70 2.94
Construction............................. 33.74 23.42 10.32 1.42 1.00 2.61 1.84 3.45
Manufacturing............................ 33.52 21.90 11.62 2.51 1.45 3.48 1.47 2.71
Service-providing(2)....................... 32.89 23.02 9.87 2.56 .92 2.73 1.18 2.47
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 28.93 20.16 8.77 1.97 .74 2.56 1.10 2.41
Information.............................. 46.57 31.31 15.26 4.33 1.51 4.54 1.69 3.19
Financial activities..................... 41.74 27.90 13.84 3.51 2.13 3.62 1.87 2.71
Professional and business services....... 38.53 27.53 11.00 3.07 1.10 2.74 1.26 2.83
Education and health services............ 32.57 22.81 9.76 2.76 .62 2.87 1.15 2.37
Leisure and hospitality.................. 16.07 12.10 3.97 .82 .26 1.16 .26 1.47
Other services........................... 29.35 20.77 8.59 2.15 .39 2.46 1.25 2.33
All part-time workers in private industry.... 15.33 12.07 3.27 .45 .19 .76 .24 1.62
Service-providing(2)....................... 15.27 12.02 3.25 .45 .19 .77 .24 1.60
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 14.18 10.77 3.41 .37 .17 1.07 .29 1.52
Professional and business services....... 17.26 13.76 3.49 .41 .28 .78 .19 1.83
Education and health services............ 24.50 18.90 5.60 1.17 .41 1.24 .52 2.25
Leisure and hospitality.................. 9.44 7.97 1.48 .09 .03 .15 .05 1.16
Percent of total compensation
All full-time workers in private industry.... 100.0 69.2 30.8 7.5 3.1 8.6 3.9 7.8
Goods-producing(1)......................... 100.0 66.3 33.7 6.6 4.0 9.5 5.0 8.6
Construction............................. 100.0 69.4 30.6 4.2 3.0 7.7 5.5 10.2
Manufacturing............................ 100.0 65.3 34.7 7.5 4.3 10.4 4.4 8.1
Service-providing(2)....................... 100.0 70.0 30.0 7.8 2.8 8.3 3.6 7.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 100.0 69.7 30.3 6.8 2.6 8.8 3.8 8.3
Information.............................. 100.0 67.2 32.8 9.3 3.2 9.8 3.6 6.9
Financial activities..................... 100.0 66.8 33.2 8.4 5.1 8.7 4.5 6.5
Professional and business services....... 100.0 71.5 28.5 8.0 2.9 7.1 3.3 7.4
Education and health services............ 100.0 70.0 30.0 8.5 1.9 8.8 3.5 7.3
Leisure and hospitality.................. 100.0 75.3 24.7 5.1 1.6 7.2 1.6 9.1
Other services........................... 100.0 70.8 29.2 7.3 1.3 8.4 4.3 7.9
All part-time workers in private industry.... 100.0 78.7 21.3 2.9 1.3 4.9 1.6 10.6
Service-providing(2)....................... 100.0 78.7 21.3 2.9 1.2 5.0 1.6 10.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 100.0 76.0 24.0 2.6 1.2 7.5 2.0 10.7
Professional and business services....... 100.0 79.8 20.2 2.4 1.6 4.5 1.1 10.6
Education and health services............ 100.0 77.1 22.9 4.8 1.7 5.1 2.1 9.2
Leisure and hospitality.................. 100.0 84.4 15.6 .9 .3 1.6 .5 12.3
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is
excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and
insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and
enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,
entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 13. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry workers, by major industry group and establishment employment size and bargaining unit status,
December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
All workers, goods-producing industries(1) $33.64 $22.40 $11.24 $2.19 $1.34 $3.15 $1.64 $2.92
1-99 workers............................... 28.19 19.96 8.23 1.40 .85 2.22 .94 2.82
1-49 workers............................. 26.76 19.28 7.47 1.24 .74 1.93 .77 2.81
50-99 workers............................ 31.76 21.66 10.11 1.79 1.12 2.95 1.38 2.87
100 workers or more........................ 38.26 24.46 13.79 2.85 1.76 3.94 2.24 3.01
100-499 workers.......................... 32.97 21.68 11.28 2.20 1.16 3.55 1.56 2.82
500 workers or more...................... 45.15 28.08 17.06 3.71 2.54 4.45 3.12 3.25
Union...................................... 40.26 23.46 16.80 2.29 1.65 5.37 3.97 3.52
Nonunion................................... 32.11 22.15 9.95 2.16 1.27 2.64 1.10 2.78
All workers, service-providing
industries(2)............................. 27.54 19.68 7.86 1.92 .70 2.14 .90 2.21
1-99 workers............................... 22.93 17.09 5.84 1.36 .46 1.51 .54 1.97
1-49 workers............................. 22.18 16.70 5.49 1.25 .42 1.39 .48 1.94
50-99 workers............................ 25.31 18.34 6.97 1.69 .60 1.86 .73 2.09
100 workers or more........................ 33.32 22.93 10.39 2.63 .99 2.93 1.34 2.50
100-499 workers.......................... 28.09 19.95 8.14 2.00 .63 2.34 .95 2.23
500 workers or more...................... 40.78 27.18 13.61 3.54 1.51 3.77 1.90 2.88
Union...................................... 37.17 22.82 14.34 3.00 .94 5.12 2.28 3.01
Nonunion................................... 26.78 19.43 7.35 1.84 .68 1.90 .79 2.14
Percent of total compensation
All workers, goods-producing industries(1) 100.0 66.6 33.4 6.5 4.0 9.4 4.9 8.7
1-99 workers............................... 100.0 70.8 29.2 4.9 3.0 7.9 3.3 10.0
1-49 workers............................. 100.0 72.1 27.9 4.6 2.8 7.2 2.9 10.5
50-99 workers............................ 100.0 68.2 31.8 5.6 3.5 9.3 4.3 9.0
100 workers or more........................ 100.0 63.9 36.1 7.5 4.6 10.3 5.8 7.9
100-499 workers.......................... 100.0 65.8 34.2 6.7 3.5 10.8 4.7 8.5
500 workers or more...................... 100.0 62.2 37.8 8.2 5.6 9.9 6.9 7.2
Union...................................... 100.0 58.3 41.7 5.7 4.1 13.3 9.9 8.7
Nonunion................................... 100.0 69.0 31.0 6.7 3.9 8.2 3.4 8.7
All workers, service-providing
industries(2)............................. 100.0 71.5 28.5 7.0 2.5 7.8 3.3 8.0
1-99 workers............................... 100.0 74.5 25.5 5.9 2.0 6.6 2.4 8.6
1-49 workers............................. 100.0 75.3 24.7 5.6 1.9 6.3 2.2 8.7
50-99 workers............................ 100.0 72.5 27.5 6.7 2.4 7.3 2.9 8.3
100 workers or more........................ 100.0 68.8 31.2 7.9 3.0 8.8 4.0 7.5
100-499 workers.......................... 100.0 71.0 29.0 7.1 2.2 8.3 3.4 7.9
500 workers or more...................... 100.0 66.6 33.4 8.7 3.7 9.3 4.7 7.1
Union...................................... 100.0 61.4 38.6 8.1 2.5 13.8 6.1 8.1
Nonunion................................... 100.0 72.6 27.4 6.9 2.5 7.1 2.9 8.0
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is
excluded.
2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and
insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and
enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,
entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
Table 14. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation:
Private industry health care and social assistance workers, by industry and occupational group, December 2011
Benefit costs
Total Wages
Series compen- and Supple- Retire- Legally
sation salaries Total Paid mental Insuran- ment required
leave pay ce and benefits
savings
Cost per hour worked
Health care and social assistance............ $28.95 $20.58 $8.36 $2.26 $0.63 $2.35 $0.86 $2.26
Management, professional, and related.... 41.64 29.58 12.06 3.56 .92 3.11 1.46 3.01
Registered nurses...................... 48.69 33.90 14.80 4.09 1.58 3.67 1.86 3.60
Sales and office......................... 22.02 15.52 6.50 1.58 .37 2.31 .53 1.71
Service.................................. 16.85 12.10 4.75 1.00 .41 1.47 .30 1.58
Hospitals.................................. 38.57 26.05 12.52 3.37 1.19 3.71 1.46 2.79
Management, professional, and related.... 47.11 32.31 14.80 4.25 1.46 3.94 1.80 3.35
Registered nurses...................... 50.02 34.15 15.87 4.41 1.81 4.02 1.97 3.66
Service.................................. 21.60 13.62 7.98 1.57 .80 3.13 .76 1.72
Nursing and residential care facilities.... 20.87 15.23 5.64 1.38 .42 1.63 .29 1.92
Management, professional, and related.... 32.33 23.94 8.39 2.35 .60 2.21 .52 2.72
Service.................................. 15.38 11.07 4.31 .90 .36 1.33 .17 1.54
Nursing care facilities(1)............... 22.61 16.52 6.09 1.53 .50 1.69 .29 2.07
Management, professional, and related.... 35.03 26.14 8.89 2.54 .70 2.16 .51 2.98
Service.................................. 15.96 11.40 4.55 .96 .43 1.41 .16 1.59
Percent of total compensation
Health care and social assistance............ 100.0 71.1 28.9 7.8 2.2 8.1 3.0 7.8
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 71.0 29.0 8.5 2.2 7.5 3.5 7.2
Registered nurses...................... 100.0 69.6 30.4 8.4 3.2 7.5 3.8 7.4
Sales and office......................... 100.0 70.5 29.5 7.2 1.7 10.5 2.4 7.8
Service.................................. 100.0 71.8 28.2 5.9 2.4 8.7 1.8 9.4
Hospitals.................................. 100.0 67.5 32.5 8.7 3.1 9.6 3.8 7.2
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 68.6 31.4 9.0 3.1 8.4 3.8 7.1
Registered nurses...................... 100.0 68.3 31.7 8.8 3.6 8.0 3.9 7.3
Service.................................. 100.0 63.1 36.9 7.2 3.7 14.5 3.5 8.0
Nursing and residential care facilities.... 100.0 73.0 27.0 6.6 2.0 7.8 1.4 9.2
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 74.0 26.0 7.3 1.9 6.8 1.6 8.4
Service.................................. 100.0 72.0 28.0 5.8 2.4 8.7 1.1 10.0
Nursing care facilities(1)............... 100.0 73.1 26.9 6.8 2.2 7.5 1.3 9.1
Management, professional, and related.... 100.0 74.6 25.4 7.2 2.0 6.2 1.4 8.5
Service.................................. 100.0 71.5 28.5 6.0 2.7 8.8 1.0 10.0
1 Data are available beginning with December 2006.
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.
United States Department of Labor
