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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed                   USDL-12-0012
until 8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, January 6, 2012

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                      THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- DECEMBER 2011


Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 200,000 in December, and the unemployment rate, 
at 8.5 percent, continued to trend down, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 
reported today. Job gains occurred in transportation and warehousing, retail trade, 
manufacturing, health care, and mining.



    --------------------------------------------------------------------
   |                                                                    |
   |       Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data        |
   |                                                                    |
   |    Seasonally adjusted household survey data have been revised     |
   |    using updated seasonal adjustment factors, a procedure done     |
   |    at the end of each calendar year. Seasonally adjusted           |
   |    estimates back to January 2007 were subject to revision. The    |
   |    unemployment rates for January 2011 through November 2011       |
   |    (as originally published and as revised) appear in table A,     |
   |    along with additional information about the revisions.          |
   |                                                                    |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------



Household Survey Data

Both the number of unemployed persons (13.1 million) and the unemployment rate 
(8.5 percent) continued to trend down in December. The unemployment rate has 
declined by 0.6 percentage point since August. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men decreased 
to 8.0 percent in December. The jobless rates for adult women (7.9 percent), 
teenagers (23.1 percent), whites (7.5 percent), blacks (15.8 percent), and 
Hispanics (11.0 percent) showed little change. The jobless rate for Asians 
was 6.8 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was 
little changed at 5.6 million and accounted for 42.5 percent of the unemployed. 
(See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate (64.0 percent) and the employment-
population ratio (58.5 percent) were both unchanged over the month. (See 
table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes 
referred to as involuntary part-time workers) declined by 371,000 to 8.1 
million in December. These individuals were working part time because their 
hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. 
(See table A-8.)

About 2.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in 
December, little different from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally 
adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were 
available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. 
They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in 
the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 945,000 discouraged workers in 
December, a decrease of 373,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally 
adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work 
because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.6 million 
persons marginally attached to the labor force in December had not searched for 
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or 
family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 200,000 in December. Over the 
past 12 months, nonfarm payroll employment has risen by 1.6 million. Employment 
in the private sector rose by 212,000 in December and by 1.9 million over the 
year. Government employment changed little over the month but fell by 280,000 
over the year. (See table B-1.)

Employment in transportation and warehousing rose sharply in December (+50,000). 
Almost all of the gain occurred in the couriers and messengers industry (+42,000); 
seasonal hiring was particularly strong in December.

Retail trade continued to add jobs in December, with a gain of 28,000. Employment 
in the industry has increased by 240,000 over the past 12 months. Over the month, 
job gains continued in general merchandise stores (+13,000) and in clothing and 
clothing accessories stores (+11,000). Employment in sporting goods, hobby, book, 
and music stores fell by 10,000.

In December, manufacturing employment expanded by 23,000, following 4 months of 
little change. Employment increased in December in transportation equipment 
(+9,000), fabricated metals (+6,000), and machinery (+5,000).

Mining employment rose by 7,000 over the month. Over the year, mining added 
89,000 jobs.

Health care continued to add jobs in December (+23,000); employment in hospitals 
increased by 10,000. Over the year, health care employment has risen by 315,000.

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places 
continued to trend up in December (+24,000). Over the year, food services and 
drinking places has added 230,000 jobs.

Construction employment changed little in December. Within the industry, 
nonresidential specialty trade contractors added 20,000 jobs over the month, 
mostly offsetting losses over the prior 2 months.

Employment in professional and business services changed little in December for 
the second month in a row. The industry added 42,000 jobs per month, on average, 
during the first 10 months of 2011.

Government employment changed little in December but was down by 280,000 over 
the year. Job losses in 2011 occurred in local government; state government,
excluding education; and the U.S. Postal Service.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased 
by 0.1 hour to 34.4 hours in December. The manufacturing workweek increased 
by 0.1 hour to 40.5 hours. Factory overtime decreased by 0.1 hour to 3.2 
hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 
private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 
and B-7.)

In December, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm 
payrolls rose by 4 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $23.24. Over the past 12 months, 
average hourly earnings have increased by 2.1 percent. In December, average 
hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees were 
unchanged at $19.54. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for October was revised from 
+100,000 to +112,000, and the change for November was revised from +120,000 
to +100,000.

__________
The Employment Situation for January is scheduled to be released on
Friday, February 3, 2012, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).



    -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   |                                                                    |
   |            Upcoming Changes to Establishment Survey Data           |
   |                                                                    |
   | With the release of January 2012 data on February 3, 2012, the     |
   | Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey will introduce revisions|
   | to nonfarm payroll employment, hours, and earnings data to reflect |
   | the annual benchmark adjustment for March 2011 and updated         |
   | seasonal adjustment factors. Not seasonally adjusted data          |
   | beginning with April 2010 and seasonally adjusted data beginning   |
   | with January 2007 are subject to revision.                         |
   |                                                                    |
   | The CES survey also will revise the basis for industry             |
   | classification from the 2007 North American Industry               |
   | Classification System (NAICS) to the 2012 NAICS. The 2012 NAICS    |
   | includes minor changes within the Construction, Manufacturing,     |
   | Retail trade, Utilities, and Leisure and hospitality sectors.      |
   | Several industry titles and descriptions also changed.             |
   | Approximately one percent of employment will be reclassified       |
   | into different industries as a result of the NAICS revision. For   |
   | more information on the 2012 NAICS, visit www.census.gov/epcd/     |
   | www/naics.html.                                                    |
   |                                                                    |
   | In addition to changes resulting from the conversion to the 2012   |
   | NAICS update, there will be some changes to the list of CES        |
   | series published as a result of the annual benchmarking process.   |
   | For more information on the industry changes effective with the    |
   | release of the January 2012 data, visit www.bls.gov/ces/           |
   | cesnaics12.htm.                                                    |
   |                                                                    |
   | Finally, some historical data prior to April 2010 are subject to   |
   | minor revisions due to the application of a consistent rounding    |
   | method over the entire time series. For additional details see     |
   | www.bls.gov/ces/ceshistchanges.htm.                                |
   |                                                                    |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------



    --------------------------------------------------------------------
   |                                                                    |
   |              Upcoming Changes to the Household Survey              |
   |                                                                    |
   | Effective with the release of The Employment Situation for         |
   | January 2012 scheduled for February 3, 2012, population controls   |
   | that reflect the results of Census 2010 will be used in the        |
   | monthly household survey estimation process. Historical data       |
   | will not be revised to incorporate the new controls; consequently, |
   | household survey data for January 2012 will not be directly        |
   | comparable with that for December 2011 or earlier periods. A       |
   | table showing the effects of the new controls on the major labor   |
   | force series will be included in the January 2012 release.         |
   |                                                                    |
   | Also effective with the release of The Employment Situation for    |
   | January 2012, the questions on race and Hispanic or Latino         |
   | ethnicity in the household survey will be modified. The minor      |
   | wording changes in the questions are not expected to affect the    |
   | estimates.                                                         |
   |                                                                    |
   | In January 2012, the Census Bureau, which conducts the household   |
   | survey, began a year-long process of reorganizing its regional     |
   | office structure. For more information on these Census Bureau      |
   | changes, see www.census.gov/newsroom/pdf/General_QAs_FINAL2.pdf.   |
   | Both the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)    |
   | will monitor survey operations during the transition period. No    |
   | impact on the employment and unemployment estimates from the       |
   | survey is anticipated from this organizational change.             |
   |                                                                    |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------



      Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data
   
At the end of each calendar year, BLS routinely updates the seasonal
adjustment factors for the labor force series derived from the Current
Population Survey (CPS), or household survey. As a result of this
process, seasonally adjusted data for January 2007 through November
2011 were subject to revision.

Table A shows the unemployment rates for January 2011 through November
2011, as first published and as revised. The rates changed by one-
tenth of a percentage point in 8 of the 11 months and were unchanged
in the remaining 3 months. Revised seasonally adjusted data for other
major labor force series beginning in December 2010 appear in table B.

An article describing the seasonal adjustment methodology for the
household survey data and revised data for January 2011 through
November 2011 is available at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsrs2012.pdf.

Historical data for the household series contained in the A-tables 
(A-1--A-16) of this release can be accessed at www.bls.gov/cps/
cpsatabs.htm. Revised historical seasonally adjusted monthly and 
quarterly data for additional series are available on the Internet at 
ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/lf/.


Table A.  Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates in 2011 and changes
due to revision, January - November 2011

         Month            As first          As            Change
                          computed        revised

January ...............      9.0             9.1           0.1
February ..............      8.9             9.0            .1
March .................      8.8             8.9            .1
April .................      9.0             9.0            .0
May ...................      9.1             9.0           -.1
June ..................      9.2             9.1           -.1
July ..................      9.1             9.1            .0
August ................      9.1             9.1            .0
September .............      9.1             9.0           -.1
October ...............      9.0             8.9           -.1
November ..............      8.6             8.7            .1



HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table B.  Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]

       Employment status, sex, and age       2010                                                             2011
       
                                             Dec.     Jan.       Feb.      Mar.      Apr.      May       June      July      Aug.      Sept.     Oct.      Nov.      Dec. 

                TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population(1).   238,889   238,704   238,851   239,000   239,146   239,313   239,489   239,671   239,871   240,071   240,269   240,441   240,584
  Civilian labor force .................   153,613   153,250   153,302   153,392   153,420   153,700   153,409   153,358   153,674   154,004   154,057   153,937   153,887
    Participation rate .................      64.3      64.2      64.2      64.2      64.2      64.2      64.1      64.0      64.1      64.1      64.1      64.0      64.0
    Employed ...........................   139,220   139,330   139,551   139,764   139,628   139,808   139,385   139,450   139,754   140,107   140,297   140,614   140,790
     Employment-population ratio .......      58.3      58.4      58.4      58.5      58.4      58.4      58.2      58.2      58.3      58.4      58.4      58.5      58.5
    Unemployed .........................    14,393    13,919    13,751    13,628    13,792    13,892    14,024    13,908    13,920    13,897    13,759    13,323    13,097
      Unemployment rate ................       9.4       9.1       9.0       8.9       9.0       9.0       9.1       9.1       9.1       9.0       8.9       8.7       8.5

          Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population(1).   107,216   107,203   107,292   107,381   107,469   107,566   107,668   107,773   107,884   107,994   108,104   108,203   108,290
  Civilian labor force .................    78,884    78,594    78,832    78,805    78,895    79,204    79,116    78,977    79,089    79,241    79,291    79,440    79,436
    Participation rate .................      73.6      73.3      73.5      73.4      73.4      73.6      73.5      73.3      73.3      73.4      73.3      73.4      73.4
    Employed ...........................    71,494    71,593    71,901    71,918    71,942    72,161    71,981    71,930    72,098    72,340    72,379    72,846    73,080
     Employment-population ratio .......      66.7      66.8      67.0      67.0      66.9      67.1      66.9      66.7      66.8      67.0      67.0      67.3      67.5
    Unemployed .........................     7,390     7,001     6,931     6,887     6,953     7,043     7,135     7,047     6,991     6,901     6,912     6,594     6,356
      Unemployment rate ................       9.4       8.9       8.8       8.7       8.8       8.9       9.0       8.9       8.8       8.7       8.7       8.3       8.0

         Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population(1).   114,894  114,637    114,714   114,792   114,868   114,954   115,045   115,138   115,238   115,338   115,437   115,526   115,602
  Civilian labor force .................    68,982   68,843     68,818    68,852    68,860    68,878    68,570    68,706    68,784    68,989    68,981    68,711    68,748
    Participation rate .................      60.0     60.1       60.0      60.0      59.9      59.9      59.6      59.7      59.7      59.8      59.8      59.5      59.5
    Employed ...........................    63,429   63,403     63,351    63,515    63,431    63,385    63,088    63,257    63,322    63,406    63,520    63,352    63,323
     Employment-population ratio .......      55.2     55.3       55.2      55.3      55.2      55.1      54.8      54.9      54.9      55.0      55.0      54.8      54.8
    Unemployed .........................     5,553    5,440      5,467     5,336     5,430     5,493     5,482     5,449     5,462     5,584     5,461     5,359     5,425
      Unemployment rate ................       8.1      7.9        7.9       7.8       7.9       8.0       8.0       7.9       7.9       8.1       7.9       7.8       7.9
 
        Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population(1).    16,780   16,863     16,845    16,827    16,809    16,792    16,776    16,760    16,749    16,739    16,728    16,711    16,693
  Civilian labor force .................     5,748    5,813      5,651     5,735     5,665     5,618     5,724     5,675     5,801     5,774     5,785     5,786     5,704
    Participation rate .................      34.3     34.5       33.5      34.1      33.7      33.5      34.1      33.9      34.6      34.5      34.6      34.6      34.2
    Employed ...........................     4,297    4,334      4,299     4,332     4,255     4,262     4,316     4,262     4,333     4,362     4,398     4,416     4,387
     Employment-population ratio .......      25.6     25.7       25.5      25.7      25.3      25.4      25.7      25.4      25.9      26.1      26.3      26.4      26.3
    Unemployed .........................     1,451    1,479      1,352     1,404     1,410     1,356     1,408     1,412     1,467     1,412     1,386     1,370     1,316
      Unemployment rate ................      25.2     25.4       23.9      24.5      24.9      24.1      24.6      24.9      25.3      24.5      24.0      23.7      23.1

Footnotes:
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Change from:
Nov.
2011-
Dec.
2011

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

238,889 240,269 240,441 240,584 143

Civilian labor force

153,613 154,057 153,937 153,887 -50

Participation rate

64.3 64.1 64.0 64.0 0.0

Employed

139,220 140,297 140,614 140,790 176

Employment-population ratio

58.3 58.4 58.5 58.5 0.0

Unemployed

14,393 13,759 13,323 13,097 -226

Unemployment rate

9.4 8.9 8.7 8.5 -0.2

Not in labor force

85,276 86,213 86,503 86,697 194

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

9.4 8.9 8.7 8.5 -0.2

Adult men (20 years and over)

9.4 8.7 8.3 8.0 -0.3

Adult women (20 years and over)

8.1 7.9 7.8 7.9 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

25.2 24.0 23.7 23.1 -0.6

White

8.5 8.0 7.6 7.5 -0.1

Black or African American

15.8 15.0 15.5 15.8 0.3

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)

7.2 7.3 6.5 6.8 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

12.9 11.4 11.4 11.0 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over

8.0 7.7 7.3 7.2 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma

15.1 13.8 13.3 13.8 0.5

High school graduates, no college

9.8 9.5 8.8 8.7 -0.1

Some college or associate degree

8.2 8.2 7.6 7.7 0.1

Bachelor's degree and higher

4.8 4.4 4.4 4.1 -0.3

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

8,877 7,924 7,599 7,602 3

Job leavers

920 1,068 1,005 953 -52

Reentrants

3,406 3,387 3,355 3,399 44

New entrants

1,306 1,291 1,276 1,280 4

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,701 2,676 2,510 2,669 159

5 to 14 weeks

3,167 3,285 2,896 2,858 -38

15 to 26 weeks

2,191 2,029 2,087 2,039 -48

27 weeks and over

6,421 5,839 5,680 5,588 -92

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

8,869 8,790 8,469 8,098 -371

Slack work or business conditions

5,954 5,839 5,578 5,305 -273

Could only find part-time work

2,501 2,538 2,496 2,419 -77

Part time for noneconomic reasons

18,189 18,401 18,363 18,372 9

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,609 2,555 2,591 2,540 -

Discouraged workers

1,318 967 1,096 945 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

152 112 100 200

Total private

167 134 120 212

Goods-producing

4 6 -6 48

Mining and logging

-1 6 5 8

Construction

-6 -10 -12 17

Manufacturing

11 10 1 23

Durable goods(1)

13 15 13 23

Motor vehicles and parts

-2.1 9.6 3.5 6.5

Nondurable goods

-2 -5 -12 0

Private service-providing(1)

163 128 126 164

Wholesale trade

3.8 12.3 -1.3 11.6

Retail trade

6.2 15.5 38.8 27.9

Transportation and warehousing

50.1 4.6 3.1 50.2

Information

-5 0 -7 6

Financial activities

1 7 5 2

Professional and business services(1)

58 30 19 12

Temporary help services

43.1 5.0 11.2 -7.5

Education and health services(1)

28 37 33 29

Health care and social assistance

25.3 29.6 20.2 28.7

Leisure and hospitality

17 27 30 21

Other services

2 -5 4 4

Government

-15 -22 -20 -12

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2)
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES

Total nonfarm women employees

49.6 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private women employees

48.2 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.5 82.5 82.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.2 34.4 34.3 34.4

Average hourly earnings

$22.77 $23.20 $23.20 $23.24

Average weekly earnings

$778.73 $798.08 $795.76 $799.46

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

92.6 94.5 94.3 94.8

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

100.5 104.5 104.3 105.0

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.7

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.5 33.7 33.6 33.7

Average hourly earnings

$19.23 $19.53 $19.54 $19.54

Average weekly earnings

$644.21 $658.16 $656.54 $658.50

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)

99.6 101.8 101.6 102.1

Over-the-month percent change

0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)

128.0 132.8 132.7 133.4

Over-the-month percent change

0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX(5)
(Over 1-month span)

Total private

58.6 56.6 50.7 61.2

Manufacturing

59.3 48.1 40.7 56.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant
change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has
a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-
employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers,
who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides
estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
born.

Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms
from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the
survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an
unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling
frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a
year.

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving
unemployment insurance benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work
are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped
looking for work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs
are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment
Situation news release.

How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact
on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for
paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other
time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always,
results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be
off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while
some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment,
employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. About half of
all employees in the payroll survey have a 2-week, semi-monthly, or monthly pay
period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect
of extreme weather on estimates of employment from the establishment survey.


In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week’s work for weather-
related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off.
The household survey collects data on the number of persons who usually work full
time but had reduced hours, or had a job but were not at work due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey’s most requested
statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment
Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears
in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau
of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, 
and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the 
"B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 
month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business
establishments. The sample includes about 140,000 businesses and government
agencies representing approximately 440,000 worksites and is drawn from a
sampling frame of roughly 9 million unemployment insurance tax accounts.
The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll
employees. 

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week
or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series
of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years
and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed,
or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, 
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 
hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed
if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference
week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 
looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data
derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility
for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of
the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is
the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about
the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as 
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector
for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. 
Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 
related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction
workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-
providing industries. 

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment
surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates
derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-
     employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers
     among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.
  
   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
     employed. The establishment survey does not.
  
   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and
     older. The establishment survey is not limited by age.
  
   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than
     one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted
     separately for each appearance.
  
Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and
the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring
fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, 
major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of 
such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by
adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make 
nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For
example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering
the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that
have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if
the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in
the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by
about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends
in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and
beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to
analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both
the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series
for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment
in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example,
total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate
that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors
are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including
the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal
factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month 
to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months 
are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and 
recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions
to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather
than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the
sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they
represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending
on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by
the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, 
or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ 
by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value 
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 
90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in
total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order
of plus or minus 100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence
interval on the monthly change would range from -50,000 to +150,000 
(50,000 +/- 100,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results
are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval.
Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with
confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month.
If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all
of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater
than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate
of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly
change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about 
+/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is
about +/-0.19 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments
have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than
estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision
of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such
as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by
nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure
to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information
for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 
respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes
made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of
the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most
recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two
successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey
is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by
new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment
growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account
for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from
business deaths from sample-based estimation in order to offset the 
missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into
the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample
units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment
trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most
of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate
the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the 
imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA
model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level
database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over
the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted
once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment
obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program.
The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and
the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as
a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute
benchmark revisions  for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent,
with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

238,889 240,441 240,584 238,889 239,871 240,071 240,269 240,441 240,584

Civilian labor force

153,156 153,683 153,373 153,613 153,674 154,004 154,057 153,937 153,887

Participation rate

64.1 63.9 63.8 64.3 64.1 64.1 64.1 64.0 64.0

Employed

139,159 141,070 140,681 139,220 139,754 140,107 140,297 140,614 140,790

Employment-population ratio

58.3 58.7 58.5 58.3 58.3 58.4 58.4 58.5 58.5

Unemployed

13,997 12,613 12,692 14,393 13,920 13,897 13,759 13,323 13,097

Unemployment rate

9.1 8.2 8.3 9.4 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5

Not in labor force

85,733 86,757 87,212 85,276 86,198 86,067 86,213 86,503 86,697

Persons who currently want a job

6,212 6,183 6,135 6,482 6,469 6,240 6,407 6,595 6,385

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

115,731 116,755 116,832 115,731 116,453 116,559 116,664 116,755 116,832

Civilian labor force

81,504 82,080 82,019 81,810 82,025 82,142 82,199 82,341 82,373

Participation rate

70.4 70.3 70.2 70.7 70.4 70.5 70.5 70.5 70.5

Employed

73,226 75,157 74,837 73,607 74,209 74,435 74,492 74,975 75,235

Employment-population ratio

63.3 64.4 64.1 63.6 63.7 63.9 63.9 64.2 64.4

Unemployed

8,278 6,923 7,181 8,202 7,817 7,707 7,707 7,366 7,138

Unemployment rate

10.2 8.4 8.8 10.0 9.5 9.4 9.4 8.9 8.7

Not in labor force

34,228 34,674 34,813 33,922 34,428 34,417 34,465 34,414 34,459

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

107,216 108,203 108,290 107,216 107,884 107,994 108,104 108,203 108,290

Civilian labor force

78,780 79,378 79,288 78,884 79,089 79,241 79,291 79,440 79,436

Participation rate

73.5 73.4 73.2 73.6 73.3 73.4 73.3 73.4 73.4

Employed

71,235 73,183 72,812 71,494 72,098 72,340 72,379 72,846 73,080

Employment-population ratio

66.4 67.6 67.2 66.7 66.8 67.0 67.0 67.3 67.5

Unemployed

7,545 6,195 6,477 7,390 6,991 6,901 6,912 6,594 6,356

Unemployment rate

9.6 7.8 8.2 9.4 8.8 8.7 8.7 8.3 8.0

Not in labor force

28,436 28,825 29,001 28,332 28,795 28,753 28,813 28,763 28,854

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

123,158 123,686 123,753 123,158 123,418 123,512 123,605 123,686 123,753

Civilian labor force

71,653 71,603 71,354 71,804 71,648 71,862 71,858 71,596 71,514

Participation rate

58.2 57.9 57.7 58.3 58.1 58.2 58.1 57.9 57.8

Employed

65,933 65,913 65,843 65,613 65,545 65,672 65,805 65,639 65,555

Employment-population ratio

53.5 53.3 53.2 53.3 53.1 53.2 53.2 53.1 53.0

Unemployed

5,719 5,690 5,511 6,191 6,103 6,190 6,052 5,957 5,959

Unemployment rate

8.0 7.9 7.7 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.4 8.3 8.3

Not in labor force

51,505 52,083 52,398 51,354 51,770 51,650 51,748 52,090 52,238

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

114,894 115,526 115,602 114,894 115,238 115,338 115,437 115,526 115,602

Civilian labor force

68,999 68,850 68,746 68,982 68,784 68,989 68,981 68,711 68,748

Participation rate

60.1 59.6 59.5 60.0 59.7 59.8 59.8 59.5 59.5

Employed

63,809 63,710 63,676 63,429 63,322 63,406 63,520 63,352 63,323

Employment-population ratio

55.5 55.1 55.1 55.2 54.9 55.0 55.0 54.8 54.8

Unemployed

5,190 5,140 5,070 5,553 5,462 5,584 5,461 5,359 5,425

Unemployment rate

7.5 7.5 7.4 8.1 7.9 8.1 7.9 7.8 7.9

Not in labor force

45,895 46,675 46,856 45,912 46,454 46,349 46,457 46,815 46,854

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,780 16,711 16,693 16,780 16,749 16,739 16,728 16,711 16,693

Civilian labor force

5,378 5,454 5,339 5,748 5,801 5,774 5,785 5,786 5,704

Participation rate

32.0 32.6 32.0 34.3 34.6 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.2

Employed

4,116 4,177 4,193 4,297 4,333 4,362 4,398 4,416 4,387

Employment-population ratio

24.5 25.0 25.1 25.6 25.9 26.1 26.3 26.4 26.3

Unemployed

1,262 1,277 1,146 1,451 1,467 1,412 1,386 1,370 1,316

Unemployment rate

23.5 23.4 21.5 25.2 25.3 24.5 24.0 23.7 23.1

Not in labor force

11,402 11,257 11,354 11,032 10,949 10,965 10,943 10,925 10,989

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

192,749 193,598 193,682 192,749 193,236 193,365 193,493 193,598 193,682

Civilian labor force

124,309 124,565 124,114 124,719 124,604 124,701 124,804 124,652 124,543

Participation rate

64.5 64.3 64.1 64.7 64.5 64.5 64.5 64.4 64.3

Employed

114,035 115,584 115,117 114,150 114,704 114,818 114,837 115,130 115,254

Employment-population ratio

59.2 59.7 59.4 59.2 59.4 59.4 59.3 59.5 59.5

Unemployed

10,274 8,981 8,998 10,569 9,901 9,883 9,967 9,522 9,288

Unemployment rate

8.3 7.2 7.2 8.5 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.6 7.5

Not in labor force

68,439 69,033 69,567 68,030 68,631 68,664 68,689 68,945 69,139

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,978 65,407 65,248 65,063 65,139 65,280 65,318 65,366 65,373

Participation rate

73.9 73.9 73.7 74.0 73.8 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.8

Employed

59,280 60,938 60,484 59,537 60,155 60,283 60,195 60,605 60,751

Employment-population ratio

67.4 68.9 68.3 67.7 68.1 68.2 68.1 68.5 68.6

Unemployed

5,698 4,469 4,764 5,525 4,984 4,998 5,123 4,761 4,623

Unemployment rate

8.8 6.8 7.3 8.5 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.3 7.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,927 54,659 54,516 54,905 54,649 54,691 54,685 54,520 54,481

Participation rate

59.7 59.2 59.0 59.7 59.3 59.3 59.3 59.1 59.0

Employed

51,261 51,091 51,080 50,941 50,829 50,807 50,880 50,774 50,768

Employment-population ratio

55.7 55.3 55.3 55.3 55.2 55.1 55.1 55.0 55.0

Unemployed

3,667 3,568 3,435 3,964 3,820 3,884 3,805 3,746 3,713

Unemployment rate

6.7 6.5 6.3 7.2 7.0 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,404 4,499 4,350 4,751 4,816 4,730 4,801 4,766 4,688

Participation rate

34.4 35.2 34.1 37.1 37.6 37.0 37.6 37.3 36.8

Employed

3,494 3,555 3,552 3,671 3,720 3,728 3,761 3,751 3,736

Employment-population ratio

27.3 27.8 27.8 28.7 29.1 29.1 29.4 29.4 29.3

Unemployed

910 944 798 1,079 1,097 1,002 1,040 1,015 952

Unemployment rate

20.7 21.0 18.3 22.7 22.8 21.2 21.7 21.3 20.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,896 29,259 29,286 28,896 29,158 29,193 29,228 29,259 29,286

Civilian labor force

17,835 17,900 18,024 17,933 17,957 18,096 18,067 17,934 18,110

Participation rate

61.7 61.2 61.5 62.1 61.6 62.0 61.8 61.3 61.8

Employed

15,120 15,236 15,285 15,098 14,965 15,224 15,351 15,151 15,248

Employment-population ratio

52.3 52.1 52.2 52.2 51.3 52.1 52.5 51.8 52.1

Unemployed

2,715 2,664 2,739 2,836 2,992 2,872 2,716 2,783 2,862

Unemployment rate

15.2 14.9 15.2 15.8 16.7 15.9 15.0 15.5 15.8

Not in labor force

11,061 11,359 11,262 10,963 11,202 11,097 11,161 11,325 11,176

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,079 8,185 8,264 8,089 8,178 8,151 8,180 8,195 8,272

Participation rate

68.8 68.4 69.0 68.9 68.7 68.3 68.5 68.5 69.0

Employed

6,758 6,917 7,006 6,732 6,703 6,796 6,867 6,851 6,969

Employment-population ratio

57.6 57.8 58.5 57.4 56.3 57.0 57.5 57.3 58.2

Unemployed

1,321 1,268 1,258 1,358 1,475 1,355 1,313 1,344 1,302

Unemployment rate

16.4 15.5 15.2 16.8 18.0 16.6 16.0 16.4 15.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,141 9,106 9,113 9,195 9,154 9,277 9,262 9,095 9,160

Participation rate

62.9 61.9 61.8 63.3 62.4 63.2 63.0 61.8 62.2

Employed

7,998 7,948 7,886 8,002 7,926 8,051 8,093 7,911 7,885

Employment-population ratio

55.0 54.0 53.5 55.1 54.1 54.8 55.0 53.7 53.5

Unemployed

1,143 1,158 1,227 1,192 1,228 1,226 1,169 1,184 1,275

Unemployment rate

12.5 12.7 13.5 13.0 13.4 13.2 12.6 13.0 13.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

615 608 647 649 625 667 625 643 679

Participation rate

23.4 23.7 25.3 24.7 24.2 25.8 24.3 25.0 26.5

Employed

365 370 394 363 335 377 390 388 393

Employment-population ratio

13.9 14.4 15.4 13.8 13.0 14.6 15.2 15.1 15.3

Unemployed

250 238 254 286 289 291 234 255 286

Unemployment rate

40.7 39.1 39.2 44.0 46.3 43.6 37.5 39.6 42.1

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

11,387 11,589 11,580 - - - - - -

Civilian labor force

7,355 7,419 7,505 - - - - - -

Participation rate

64.6 64.0 64.8 - - - - - -

Employed

6,829 6,939 6,991 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

60.0 59.9 60.4 - - - - - -

Unemployed

526 480 514 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

7.2 6.5 6.8 - - - - - -

Not in labor force

4,032 4,170 4,075 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

34,188 34,808 34,885 34,188 34,555 34,640 34,724 34,808 34,885

Civilian labor force

22,929 23,255 23,309 22,873 22,938 23,014 23,253 23,222 23,270

Participation rate

67.1 66.8 66.8 66.9 66.4 66.4 67.0 66.7 66.7

Employed

19,957 20,684 20,731 19,916 20,353 20,411 20,601 20,574 20,699

Employment-population ratio

58.4 59.4 59.4 58.3 58.9 58.9 59.3 59.1 59.3

Unemployed

2,972 2,571 2,579 2,957 2,585 2,603 2,652 2,648 2,571

Unemployment rate

13.0 11.1 11.1 12.9 11.3 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.0

Not in labor force

11,259 11,553 11,575 11,315 11,617 11,626 11,471 11,586 11,615

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

13,115 13,169 13,256 - - - - - -

Participation rate

82.3 81.7 82.0 - - - - - -

Employed

11,431 11,884 11,868 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

71.7 73.7 73.4 - - - - - -

Unemployed

1,684 1,285 1,387 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

12.8 9.8 10.5 - - - - - -

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,880 9,085 9,082 - - - - - -

Participation rate

59.2 59.6 59.4 - - - - - -

Employed

7,892 8,118 8,146 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

52.7 53.2 53.3 - - - - - -

Unemployed

988 967 936 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

11.1 10.6 10.3 - - - - - -

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

934 1,000 972 - - - - - -

Participation rate

28.6 29.2 28.3 - - - - - -

Employed

633 682 716 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

19.4 19.9 20.9 - - - - - -

Unemployed

300 319 256 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

32.2 31.8 26.3 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

11,773 11,673 11,723 11,724 11,682 11,746 11,760 11,713 11,688

Participation rate

46.1 46.8 46.8 45.9 46.8 46.5 47.4 47.0 46.7

Employed

9,924 10,190 10,043 9,954 10,030 10,108 10,141 10,161 10,080

Employment-population ratio

38.9 40.9 40.1 39.0 40.2 40.0 40.8 40.8 40.3

Unemployed

1,850 1,483 1,680 1,770 1,652 1,638 1,619 1,552 1,608

Unemployment rate

15.7 12.7 14.3 15.1 14.1 13.9 13.8 13.3 13.8

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

38,231 37,089 37,114 37,974 37,030 37,290 37,368 37,089 36,902

Participation rate

60.9 60.3 60.1 60.5 60.1 60.5 60.5 60.3 59.8

Employed

34,470 33,970 33,876 34,235 33,512 33,711 33,828 33,807 33,684

Employment-population ratio

54.9 55.2 54.9 54.6 54.4 54.7 54.8 54.9 54.5

Unemployed

3,761 3,119 3,237 3,739 3,518 3,579 3,540 3,282 3,218

Unemployment rate

9.8 8.4 8.7 9.8 9.5 9.6 9.5 8.8 8.7

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

36,763 37,086 37,040 36,794 37,011 37,070 36,984 36,816 37,024

Participation rate

70.1 69.0 69.1 70.1 69.2 69.3 69.2 68.5 69.1

Employed

33,869 34,347 34,299 33,783 33,976 33,963 33,941 34,009 34,167

Employment-population ratio

64.6 63.9 64.0 64.4 63.5 63.5 63.5 63.3 63.7

Unemployed

2,894 2,739 2,740 3,011 3,035 3,106 3,043 2,807 2,857

Unemployment rate

7.9 7.4 7.4 8.2 8.2 8.4 8.2 7.6 7.7

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

46,310 47,147 47,102 46,339 46,802 46,923 47,006 47,117 47,131

Participation rate

76.9 76.0 76.0 77.0 76.0 76.3 75.8 75.9 76.0

Employed

44,170 45,161 45,228 44,133 44,798 44,936 44,960 45,058 45,201

Employment-population ratio

73.4 72.8 73.0 73.3 72.7 73.0 72.5 72.6 72.9

Unemployed

2,140 1,985 1,873 2,205 2,004 1,986 2,046 2,059 1,930

Unemployment rate

4.6 4.2 4.0 4.8 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,833 21,429 20,039 19,622 1,794 1,807

Civilian labor force

11,534 11,072 10,390 10,010 1,144 1,062

Participation rate

52.8 51.7 51.8 51.0 63.8 58.8

Employed

10,576 10,215 9,509 9,244 1,067 972

Employment-population ratio

48.4 47.7 47.5 47.1 59.5 53.8

Unemployed

957 857 881 766 77 90

Unemployment rate

8.3 7.7 8.5 7.7 6.7 8.5

Not in labor force

10,299 10,357 9,649 9,612 650 745

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,242 2,341 1,897 1,984 345 356

Civilian labor force

1,794 1,899 1,558 1,668 236 230

Participation rate

80.0 81.1 82.1 84.1 68.3 64.6

Employed

1,584 1,650 1,374 1,469 210 181

Employment-population ratio

70.7 70.5 72.4 74.1 60.8 50.7

Unemployed

210 248 184 199 26 50

Unemployment rate

11.7 13.1 11.8 11.9 10.9 21.6

Not in labor force

448 442 339 316 109 126

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,924 2,986 2,470 2,489 454 497

Civilian labor force

2,530 2,512 2,163 2,158 367 354

Participation rate

86.5 84.1 87.6 86.7 80.9 71.3

Employed

2,395 2,371 2,039 2,029 356 342

Employment-population ratio

81.9 79.4 82.5 81.5 78.5 68.8

Unemployed

136 141 125 128 11 13

Unemployment rate

5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 3.0 3.6

Not in labor force

394 474 307 332 87 142

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

10,796 10,207 10,448 9,886 348 321

Civilian labor force

3,847 3,309 3,718 3,215 129 94

Participation rate

35.6 32.4 35.6 32.5 37.2 29.3

Employed

3,516 3,097 3,395 3,003 122 94

Employment-population ratio

32.6 30.3 32.5 30.4 34.9 29.3

Unemployed

331 212 323 212 8 0

Unemployment rate

8.6 6.4 8.7 6.6 6.1 0.0

Not in labor force

6,949 6,898 6,730 6,671 219 227

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,871 5,895 5,224 5,262 647 633

Civilian labor force

3,362 3,352 2,951 2,969 412 383

Participation rate

57.3 56.9 56.5 56.4 63.6 60.5

Employed

3,081 3,097 2,701 2,742 380 355

Employment-population ratio

52.5 52.5 51.7 52.1 58.7 56.1

Unemployed

281 255 249 227 32 28

Unemployment rate

8.4 7.6 8.5 7.6 7.8 7.3

Not in labor force

2,508 2,543 2,273 2,293 235 250

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

208,058 210,477 91,143 92,807 116,915 117,670

Civilian labor force

139,806 140,627 70,228 71,182 69,578 69,446

Participation rate

67.2 66.8 77.1 76.7 59.5 59.0

Employed

127,220 129,218 63,082 65,018 64,138 64,200

Employment-population ratio

61.1 61.4 69.2 70.1 54.9 54.6

Unemployed

12,586 11,409 7,146 6,163 5,440 5,246

Unemployment rate

9.0 8.1 10.2 8.7 7.8 7.6

Not in labor force

68,252 69,850 20,915 21,625 47,338 48,225

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

26,984 27,339 211,905 213,246

Civilian labor force

5,679 5,652 147,477 147,721

Participation rate

21.0 20.7 69.6 69.3

Employed

4,869 4,889 134,290 135,791

Employment-population ratio

18.0 17.9 63.4 63.7

Unemployed

810 763 13,187 11,929

Unemployment rate

14.3 13.5 8.9 8.1

Not in labor force

21,305 21,687 64,428 65,525

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,591 2,587 75,101 75,294

Participation rate

34.6 34.4 82.2 82.3

Employed

2,190 2,165 67,517 68,793

Employment-population ratio

29.3 28.8 73.9 75.2

Unemployed

401 422 7,584 6,501

Unemployment rate

15.5 16.3 10.1 8.6

Not in labor force

4,895 4,938 16,208 16,228

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,310 2,216 66,303 65,916

Participation rate

31.2 29.8 70.8 70.3

Employed

1,966 1,938 61,110 60,891

Employment-population ratio

26.5 26.1 65.3 65.0

Unemployed

344 278 5,193 5,025

Unemployment rate

14.9 12.5 7.8 7.6

Not in labor force

5,097 5,220 27,339 27,821

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

778 849 6,073 6,511

Participation rate

6.4 6.9 22.5 23.3

Employed

713 786 5,662 6,107

Employment-population ratio

5.9 6.4 21.0 21.8

Unemployed

65 63 410 403

Unemployment rate

8.4 7.4 6.8 6.2

Not in labor force

11,312 11,529 20,881 21,475

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

36,545 36,851 18,042 18,201 18,503 18,650

Civilian labor force

24,783 24,836 14,441 14,479 10,342 10,357

Participation rate

67.8 67.4 80.0 79.5 55.9 55.5

Employed

22,153 22,647 12,856 13,271 9,297 9,376

Employment-population ratio

60.6 61.5 71.3 72.9 50.2 50.3

Unemployed

2,630 2,189 1,584 1,208 1,045 981

Unemployment rate

10.6 8.8 11.0 8.3 10.1 9.5

Not in labor force

11,762 12,015 3,602 3,723 8,160 8,292

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

202,344 203,733 97,689 98,630 104,655 105,103

Civilian labor force

128,373 128,536 67,063 67,540 61,310 60,997

Participation rate

63.4 63.1 68.6 68.5 58.6 58.0

Employed

117,006 118,033 60,370 61,566 56,636 56,467

Employment-population ratio

57.8 57.9 61.8 62.4 54.1 53.7

Unemployed

11,367 10,503 6,693 5,973 4,674 4,530

Unemployment rate

8.9 8.2 10.0 8.8 7.6 7.4

Not in labor force

73,971 75,197 30,626 31,091 43,345 44,106

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,037 2,176 2,196 2,173 2,373 2,268 2,257 2,262 2,349

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,295 1,319 1,358 1,366 1,484 1,379 1,317 1,359 1,429

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

720 824 823 765 848 843 864 849 874

Unpaid family workers

22 33 15 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

137,123 138,894 138,485 137,036 137,290 137,932 138,167 138,304 138,411

Wage and salary workers(1)

128,436 130,261 129,966 128,121 128,700 129,595 129,531 129,604 129,662

Government

20,745 20,525 20,652 20,724 20,309 20,568 20,516 20,434 20,616

Private industries

107,691 109,736 109,314 107,419 108,416 108,774 108,977 109,159 109,064

Private households

635 674 640 - - - - - -

Other industries

107,056 109,062 108,674 106,767 107,678 108,026 108,177 108,485 108,407

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,589 8,576 8,428 8,759 8,530 8,336 8,553 8,628 8,587

Unpaid family workers

97 57 91 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

9,205 8,271 8,428 8,869 8,787 9,270 8,790 8,469 8,098

Slack work or business conditions

6,347 5,499 5,650 5,954 5,815 5,900 5,839 5,578 5,305

Could only find part-time work

2,499 2,492 2,408 2,501 2,707 2,844 2,538 2,496 2,419

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,872 19,355 19,048 18,189 18,276 18,329 18,401 18,363 18,372

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

9,029 8,161 8,259 8,720 8,640 9,115 8,664 8,358 7,952

Slack work or business conditions

6,230 5,422 5,534 5,847 5,714 5,803 5,762 5,502 5,199

Could only find part-time work

2,470 2,473 2,381 2,516 2,702 2,869 2,566 2,518 2,423

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,525 18,950 18,641 17,863 17,867 17,915 18,003 17,941 17,969

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

139,159 141,070 140,681 139,220 139,754 140,107 140,297 140,614 140,790

16 to 19 years

4,116 4,177 4,193 4,297 4,333 4,362 4,398 4,416 4,387

16 to 17 years

1,363 1,368 1,247 1,423 1,358 1,417 1,436 1,413 1,304

18 to 19 years

2,753 2,809 2,946 2,856 2,993 2,952 2,970 2,995 3,060

20 years and over

135,044 136,893 136,488 134,923 135,420 135,745 135,899 136,198 136,403

20 to 24 years

12,611 13,225 13,041 12,745 12,945 13,090 13,346 13,200 13,195

25 years and over

122,433 123,668 123,447 122,210 122,509 122,659 122,521 122,973 123,234

25 to 54 years

94,156 94,322 94,069 93,959 93,606 93,506 93,356 93,708 93,882

25 to 34 years

30,384 30,992 30,800 30,350 30,659 30,607 30,562 30,743 30,771

35 to 44 years

30,528 30,423 30,350 30,446 30,056 30,092 30,094 30,222 30,271

45 to 54 years

33,244 32,907 32,919 33,163 32,891 32,807 32,700 32,743 32,841

55 years and over

28,276 29,346 29,378 28,251 28,903 29,152 29,165 29,264 29,352

Men, 16 years and over

73,226 75,157 74,837 73,607 74,209 74,435 74,492 74,975 75,235

16 to 19 years

1,991 1,974 2,026 2,113 2,110 2,095 2,113 2,129 2,155

16 to 17 years

635 594 576 697 637 672 662 654 635

18 to 19 years

1,356 1,380 1,450 1,403 1,492 1,425 1,449 1,465 1,501

20 years and over

71,235 73,183 72,812 71,494 72,098 72,340 72,379 72,846 73,080

20 to 24 years

6,438 6,967 6,836 6,586 6,789 6,875 7,081 6,980 6,998

25 years and over

64,798 66,216 65,976 64,906 65,347 65,489 65,331 65,853 66,084

25 to 54 years

50,049 50,701 50,461 50,112 50,059 50,080 49,901 50,368 50,528

25 to 34 years

16,443 17,080 16,877 16,446 16,695 16,712 16,668 16,895 16,885

35 to 44 years

16,511 16,497 16,432 16,505 16,253 16,298 16,240 16,370 16,422

45 to 54 years

17,095 17,124 17,152 17,161 17,111 17,069 16,992 17,102 17,221

55 years and over

14,749 15,515 15,515 14,794 15,288 15,409 15,430 15,485 15,556

Women, 16 years and over

65,933 65,913 65,843 65,613 65,545 65,672 65,805 65,639 65,555

16 to 19 years

2,125 2,203 2,167 2,184 2,223 2,266 2,286 2,287 2,232

16 to 17 years

728 774 672 726 721 745 773 759 669

18 to 19 years

1,397 1,429 1,495 1,453 1,501 1,527 1,521 1,530 1,559

20 years and over

63,809 63,710 63,676 63,429 63,322 63,406 63,520 63,352 63,323

20 to 24 years

6,174 6,258 6,205 6,159 6,157 6,215 6,265 6,220 6,198

25 years and over

57,635 57,452 57,471 57,304 57,162 57,170 57,190 57,119 57,150

25 to 54 years

44,108 43,622 43,608 43,847 43,547 43,427 43,455 43,340 43,354

25 to 34 years

13,941 13,912 13,923 13,904 13,964 13,895 13,894 13,848 13,886

35 to 44 years

14,017 13,926 13,918 13,941 13,804 13,794 13,854 13,852 13,849

45 to 54 years

16,150 15,783 15,767 16,002 15,779 15,737 15,708 15,641 15,620

55 years and over

13,527 13,830 13,863 13,457 13,615 13,743 13,735 13,779 13,796

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

43,119 44,159 43,786 43,044 43,259 43,640 43,661 43,933 43,709

Married women, spouse present

34,850 34,705 34,516 34,520 33,947 34,091 34,225 34,442 34,177

Women who maintain families

8,878 8,723 8,807 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

111,207 113,138 113,050 111,873 112,406 112,479 112,841 113,212 113,765

Part-time workers(2)

27,953 27,932 27,630 27,331 27,416 27,640 27,463 27,378 27,040

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

6,884 7,083 7,030 6,884 6,943 6,970 6,903 7,004 7,013

Percent of total employed

4.9 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,263 5,060 5,199 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,309 9,400 9,252 9,524 9,378 9,179 9,417 9,478 9,461

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

14,393 13,323 13,097 9.4 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5

16 to 19 years

1,451 1,370 1,316 25.2 25.3 24.5 24.0 23.7 23.1

16 to 17 years

534 428 501 27.3 28.7 26.3 25.2 23.3 27.8

18 to 19 years

932 917 826 24.6 24.4 23.2 23.2 23.4 21.3

20 years and over

12,943 11,953 11,781 8.8 8.4 8.4 8.3 8.1 8.0

20 to 24 years

2,287 2,190 2,221 15.2 14.7 14.6 13.9 14.2 14.4

25 years and over

10,656 9,740 9,593 8.0 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.3 7.2

25 to 54 years

8,600 7,719 7,681 8.4 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.6 7.6

25 to 34 years

3,375 3,108 3,191 10.0 9.5 9.7 9.7 9.2 9.4

35 to 44 years

2,562 2,268 2,220 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.0 6.8

45 to 54 years

2,663 2,343 2,271 7.4 7.1 7.2 7.1 6.7 6.5

55 years and over

2,089 1,991 1,929 6.9 6.6 6.7 7.0 6.4 6.2

Men, 16 years and over

8,202 7,366 7,138 10.0 9.5 9.4 9.4 8.9 8.7

16 to 19 years

813 772 782 27.8 28.1 27.8 27.3 26.6 26.6

16 to 17 years

278 239 278 28.5 28.2 27.6 27.4 26.7 30.5

18 to 19 years

537 533 504 27.7 28.9 27.1 27.4 26.7 25.1

20 years and over

7,390 6,594 6,356 9.4 8.8 8.7 8.7 8.3 8.0

20 to 24 years

1,329 1,292 1,262 16.8 16.3 15.7 14.6 15.6 15.3

25 years and over

6,046 5,300 5,112 8.5 8.1 8.0 8.1 7.4 7.2

25 to 54 years

4,882 4,187 4,099 8.9 8.4 8.3 8.4 7.7 7.5

25 to 34 years

1,932 1,705 1,764 10.5 9.8 9.8 10.1 9.2 9.5

35 to 44 years

1,418 1,237 1,179 7.9 8.0 7.6 7.4 7.0 6.7

45 to 54 years

1,533 1,245 1,155 8.2 7.4 7.5 7.5 6.8 6.3

55 years and over

1,164 1,113 1,013 7.3 6.9 6.9 7.2 6.7 6.1

Women, 16 years and over

6,191 5,957 5,959 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.4 8.3 8.3

16 to 19 years

638 598 535 22.6 22.4 21.1 20.6 20.7 19.3

16 to 17 years

256 190 223 26.1 29.2 25.1 23.2 20.0 25.0

18 to 19 years

395 384 322 21.4 19.3 19.0 18.6 20.1 17.1

20 years and over

5,553 5,359 5,425 8.1 7.9 8.1 7.9 7.8 7.9

20 to 24 years

958 898 959 13.5 12.8 13.4 13.1 12.6 13.4

25 years and over

4,610 4,440 4,481 7.4 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.3

25 to 54 years

3,717 3,532 3,583 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.5 7.6

25 to 34 years

1,444 1,403 1,427 9.4 9.1 9.5 9.2 9.2 9.3

35 to 44 years

1,144 1,031 1,040 7.6 7.2 7.3 6.8 6.9 7.0

45 to 54 years

1,130 1,098 1,115 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.6 6.6 6.7

55 years and over(1)

830 847 832 5.8 7.1 6.6 6.5 5.8 5.7

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

2,973 2,461 2,328 6.5 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.1

Married women, spouse present

2,063 1,937 1,950 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.3 5.4

Women who maintain families(1)

1,207 1,230 1,308 12.0 11.9 12.4 12.3 12.4 12.9

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

12,639 11,520 11,286 10.2 9.7 9.8 9.5 9.2 9.0

Part-time workers(3)

1,774 1,754 1,825 6.1 6.5 6.0 6.4 6.0 6.3

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

8,995 7,201 7,691 8,877 8,120 8,028 7,924 7,599 7,602

On temporary layoff

1,547 955 1,385 1,366 1,237 1,195 1,226 1,181 1,216

Not on temporary layoff

7,448 6,246 6,306 7,511 6,883 6,833 6,699 6,418 6,386

Permanent job losers

5,917 4,878 5,000 5,990 5,476 5,416 5,308 5,033 5,089

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,530 1,367 1,306 1,521 1,407 1,417 1,391 1,385 1,296

Job leavers

861 1,000 894 920 973 972 1,068 1,005 953

Reentrants

3,031 3,248 3,018 3,406 3,519 3,484 3,387 3,355 3,399

New entrants

1,110 1,164 1,090 1,306 1,249 1,323 1,291 1,276 1,280

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

64.3 57.1 60.6 61.2 58.6 58.1 58.0 57.4 57.4

On temporary layoff

11.1 7.6 10.9 9.4 8.9 8.7 9.0 8.9 9.2

Not on temporary layoff

53.2 49.5 49.7 51.8 49.7 49.5 49.0 48.5 48.3

Job leavers

6.2 7.9 7.0 6.3 7.0 7.0 7.8 7.6 7.2

Reentrants

21.7 25.8 23.8 23.5 25.4 25.2 24.8 25.3 25.7

New entrants

7.9 9.2 8.6 9.0 9.0 9.6 9.4 9.6 9.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5.9 4.7 5.0 5.8 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.9

Job leavers

0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6

Reentrants

2.0 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2

New entrants

0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,681 2,297 2,640 2,701 2,734 2,743 2,676 2,510 2,669

5 to 14 weeks

3,043 2,766 2,735 3,167 3,019 2,902 3,285 2,896 2,858

15 weeks and over

8,273 7,551 7,317 8,613 8,218 8,227 7,869 7,766 7,628

15 to 26 weeks

2,073 1,933 1,906 2,191 2,203 2,029 2,029 2,087 2,039

27 weeks and over

6,200 5,618 5,411 6,421 6,015 6,197 5,839 5,680 5,588

Average (mean) duration, in weeks(1)

34.0 41.1 39.7 34.9 40.3 40.4 39.2 40.9 40.8

Median duration, in weeks

22.3 21.8 21.0 22.3 21.7 21.8 20.8 21.5 21.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

19.2 18.2 20.8 18.7 19.6 19.8 19.4 19.1 20.3

5 to 14 weeks

21.7 21.9 21.5 21.9 21.6 20.9 23.8 22.0 21.7

15 weeks and over

59.1 59.9 57.7 59.5 58.8 59.3 56.9 59.0 58.0

15 to 26 weeks

14.8 15.3 15.0 15.1 15.8 14.6 14.7 15.8 15.5

27 weeks and over

44.3 44.5 42.6 44.3 43.1 44.7 42.2 43.1 42.5

Footnotes
(1) Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011

Total, 16 years and over(1)

139,159 140,681 13,997 12,692 9.1 8.3

Management, professional, and related occupations

51,704 52,808 2,468 2,303 4.6 4.2

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

20,393 22,039 1,243 1,019 5.7 4.4

Professional and related occupations

31,310 30,769 1,225 1,284 3.8 4.0

Service occupations

24,717 24,678 2,696 2,542 9.8 9.3

Sales and office occupations

33,407 33,310 3,023 2,844 8.3 7.9

Sales and related occupations

15,521 15,826 1,407 1,325 8.3 7.7

Office and administrative support occupations

17,885 17,484 1,616 1,518 8.3 8.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

12,666 13,104 2,407 1,924 16.0 12.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

925 915 268 203 22.5 18.2

Construction and extraction occupations

6,849 7,220 1,785 1,417 20.7 16.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,892 4,970 354 304 6.7 5.8

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

16,666 16,781 2,245 1,942 11.9 10.4

Production occupations

8,339 8,441 1,109 1,008 11.7 10.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,327 8,340 1,137 933 12.0 10.1

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2011 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2011 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011

Total, 16 years and over(1)

13,997 12,692 9.1 8.3

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

11,008 9,956 9.3 8.3

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

83 59 10.8 6.9

Construction

1,749 1,327 20.7 16.0

Manufacturing

1,551 1,217 10.0 7.9

Durable goods

999 783 10.4 8.0

Nondurable goods

551 434 9.4 7.6

Wholesale and retail trade

1,698 1,701 8.2 8.2

Transportation and utilities

428 399 7.4 7.0

Information

244 235 8.1 7.7

Financial activities

568 514 6.4 5.6

Professional and business services

1,477 1,403 10.2 9.3

Education and health services

1,139 1,201 5.2 5.5

Leisure and hospitality

1,580 1,395 12.0 10.8

Other services

491 505 7.9 8.0

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

278 215 18.1 14.3

Government workers

950 892 4.4 4.1

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

650 539 6.5 5.5

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2010
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Aug.
2011
Sept.
2011
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011
Dec.
2011

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

5.4 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.0 5.0

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

5.9 4.7 5.0 5.8 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.9

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

9.1 8.2 8.3 9.4 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

9.9 8.9 8.8 10.1 9.6 9.6 9.5 9.3 9.1

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

10.7 9.7 9.8 10.9 10.6 10.5 10.4 10.2 10.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

16.6 15.0 15.2 16.6 16.2 16.4 16.0 15.6 15.2

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011
Dec.
2010
Dec.
2011

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

85,733 87,212 34,228 34,813 51,505 52,398

Persons who currently want a job

6,212 6,135 2,936 2,911 3,276 3,224

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,609 2,540 1,326 1,304 1,283 1,237

Discouraged workers(2)

1,318 945 829 565 489 380

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,291 1,595 497 738 794 857

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

6,884 7,030 3,259 3,523 3,625 3,506

Percent of total employed

4.9 5.0 4.5 4.7 5.5 5.3

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,514 3,504 1,889 1,981 1,624 1,523

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,916 1,990 596 689 1,320 1,301

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

251 239 156 125 95 114

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,164 1,248 597 711 567 537

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Change from:
Nov.2011 - Dec.2011(p)

Total nonfarm

131,050 132,628 132,940 132,721 130,260 131,600 131,700 131,900 200

Total private

108,464 110,262 110,476 110,396 108,008 109,596 109,716 109,928 212

Goods-producing

17,714 18,430 18,287 18,072 17,797 18,117 18,111 18,159 48

Mining and logging

733 825 825 824 734 812 817 825 8

Logging

46.9 48.2 49.1 48.8 47.2 46.1 47.9 48.5 0.6

Mining

686.1 776.9 775.4 774.8 686.7 766.0 769.0 776.0 7.0

Oil and gas extraction

161.4 182.7 184.1 186.4 161.6 183.1 184.2 186.8 2.6

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

201.7 219.8 216.0 211.0 205.6 214.7 213.6 215.0 1.4

Coal mining

83.8 86.6 85.9 86.0 83.2 86.5 85.7 85.7 0.0

Support activities for mining

323.0 374.4 375.3 377.4 319.5 368.2 371.2 374.2 3.0

Construction

5,387 5,779 5,659 5,436 5,498 5,539 5,527 5,544 17

Construction of buildings

1,215.1 1,272.7 1,251.4 1,224.0 1,222.1 1,233.3 1,229.0 1,228.8 -0.2

Residential building

558.6 581.4 573.2 563.3 563.0 563.8 564.1 566.6 2.5

Nonresidential building

656.5 691.3 678.2 660.7 659.1 669.5 664.9 662.2 -2.7

Heavy and civil engineering construction

792.6 916.5 881.0 803.8 834.2 850.7 845.8 845.5 -0.3

Specialty trade contractors

3,379.1 3,589.9 3,526.6 3,408.1 3,441.2 3,455.4 3,452.3 3,469.6 17.3

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,410.1 1,519.8 1,490.2 1,427.0 1,441.9 1,457.5 1,461.2 1,458.3 -2.9

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

1,969.0 2,070.1 2,036.4 1,981.1 1,999.3 1,997.9 1,991.1 2,011.3 20.2

Manufacturing

11,594 11,826 11,803 11,812 11,565 11,766 11,767 11,790 23

Durable goods

7,146 7,353 7,362 7,382 7,126 7,329 7,342 7,365 23

Wood products

335.7 333.4 332.4 331.0 337.4 331.9 331.5 332.4 0.9

Nonmetallic mineral products

362.7 376.4 372.8 363.4 367.5 368.3 367.5 367.8 0.3

Primary metals

368.8 392.8 395.2 394.5 368.2 391.5 394.0 393.9 -0.1

Fabricated metal products

1,316.1 1,370.0 1,373.0 1,376.5 1,312.5 1,362.4 1,370.5 1,376.5 6.0

Machinery

1,013.6 1,062.0 1,066.0 1,073.2 1,010.2 1,060.6 1,064.5 1,069.8 5.3

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,114.2 1,128.0 1,124.9 1,127.5 1,111.1 1,128.5 1,124.0 1,124.2 0.2

Computer and peripheral equipment

166.4 173.7 174.6 175.3 166.1 174.0 173.8 174.6 0.8

Communication equipment

119.5 115.2 113.7 114.2 119.0 114.9 114.2 114.1 -0.1

Semiconductors and electronic components

376.6 389.1 388.2 388.5 375.5 389.0 387.9 387.4 -0.5

Electronic instruments

406.8 401.8 400.7 401.6 406.2 402.4 400.7 400.7 0.0

Electrical equipment and appliances

368.5 371.4 371.7 373.7 367.7 371.4 371.5 372.9 1.4

Transportation equipment(1)

1,340.5 1,393.2 1,404.6 1,419.5 1,329.8 1,391.6 1,400.0 1,408.6 8.6

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

683.5 716.3 721.6 733.3 674.2 714.1 717.6 724.1 6.5

Furniture and related products

349.4 349.5 346.5 345.7 350.3 348.6 347.8 346.4 -1.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing

576.5 576.4 574.7 576.6 571.2 574.4 570.8 572.5 1.7

Nondurable goods

4,448 4,473 4,441 4,430 4,439 4,437 4,425 4,425 0

Food manufacturing

1,453.7 1,466.1 1,447.9 1,445.9 1,444.9 1,442.7 1,438.8 1,439.1 0.3

Beverages and tobacco products

180.0 192.1 189.4 185.4 182.4 187.4 188.2 187.4 -0.8

Textile mills

119.5 120.3 119.4 120.5 119.8 120.3 119.3 120.8 1.5

Textile product mills

116.8 113.7 113.4 111.7 116.3 113.0 112.8 111.9 -0.9

Apparel

156.6 156.5 153.7 153.2 157.6 155.9 154.4 153.9 -0.5

Leather and allied products

28.5 30.4 30.7 30.8 28.5 30.1 30.5 30.6 0.1

Paper and paper products

397.6 399.0 399.0 401.4 396.8 398.9 398.5 400.2 1.7

Printing and related support activities

479.2 463.6 460.7 462.1 476.2 461.8 458.6 460.0 1.4

Petroleum and coal products

110.8 116.7 114.3 107.2 113.0 112.6 112.4 110.1 -2.3

Chemicals

780.5 783.1 782.8 785.3 777.5 784.2 781.9 782.9 1.0

Plastics and rubber products

624.3 631.7 629.8 626.3 626.1 630.1 629.5 628.1 -1.4

Private service-providing

90,750 91,832 92,189 92,324 90,211 91,479 91,605 91,769 164

Trade, transportation, and utilities

25,322 25,060 25,487 25,745 24,746 25,010 25,052 25,142 90

Wholesale trade

5,495.5 5,573.6 5,573.0 5,576.8 5,479.5 5,553.6 5,552.3 5,563.9 11.6

Durable goods

2,742.1 2,785.4 2,782.5 2,793.2 2,736.0 2,779.0 2,777.2 2,789.1 11.9

Nondurable goods

1,941.3 1,965.5 1,965.4 1,958.1 1,935.5 1,954.8 1,953.2 1,952.6 -0.6

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

812.1 822.7 825.1 825.5 808.0 819.8 821.9 822.2 0.3

Retail trade

14,939.3 14,607.9 15,017.7 15,199.3 14,447.2 14,620.2 14,659.0 14,686.9 27.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,638.2 1,692.5 1,692.8 1,689.2 1,648.1 1,686.7 1,693.3 1,697.7 4.4

Automobile dealers

1,019.3 1,053.1 1,054.5 1,054.4 1,021.4 1,050.1 1,053.7 1,056.2 2.5

Furniture and home furnishings stores

456.9 447.2 456.1 460.3 435.8 439.6 439.7 439.3 -0.4

Electronics and appliance stores

529.0 484.9 506.7 506.5 503.2 483.6 485.7 482.9 -2.8

Building material and garden supply stores

1,082.5 1,102.7 1,099.4 1,093.0 1,112.0 1,121.2 1,124.3 1,125.1 0.8

Food and beverage stores

2,840.7 2,850.9 2,868.3 2,883.6 2,814.1 2,847.5 2,848.0 2,856.2 8.2

Health and personal care stores

988.4 978.0 987.4 991.1 970.9 978.8 977.5 975.2 -2.3

Gasoline stations

811.3 821.1 824.0 821.2 816.1 820.6 824.7 825.4 0.7

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,533.8 1,447.3 1,565.7 1,624.7 1,405.4 1,458.1 1,473.1 1,484.2 11.1

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

657.9 589.4 622.2 627.8 601.5 588.8 586.5 576.3 -10.2

General merchandise stores(1)

3,181.8 2,989.8 3,169.6 3,260.1 2,972.8 3,010.3 3,021.6 3,034.6 13.0

Department stores

1,651.2 1,491.6 1,624.5 1,690.3 1,484.2 1,508.9 1,514.3 1,518.0 3.7

Miscellaneous store retailers

774.3 772.6 779.3 788.2 753.9 765.7 765.1 768.7 3.6

Nonstore retailers

444.5 431.5 446.2 453.6 413.4 419.3 419.5 421.3 1.8

Transportation and warehousing

4,338.1 4,325.0 4,341.6 4,414.3 4,268.4 4,282.1 4,285.2 4,335.4 50.2

Air transportation

467.0 474.8 469.6 471.1 467.7 474.9 471.9 472.7 0.8

Rail transportation

218.8 227.2 227.5 226.9 218.5 226.6 226.5 227.0 0.5

Water transportation

64.4 65.5 64.1 65.7 64.7 65.0 64.8 65.5 0.7

Truck transportation

1,254.7 1,305.5 1,304.6 1,294.5 1,255.9 1,286.6 1,290.9 1,296.0 5.1

Transit and ground passenger transportation

461.3 460.5 457.2 454.3 445.2 442.0 439.9 439.5 -0.4

Pipeline transportation

42.3 43.4 43.6 44.6 42.3 43.5 43.6 44.4 0.8

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

22.1 30.7 22.8 20.8 26.7 29.0 26.7 26.3 -0.4

Support activities for transportation

544.3 564.4 565.3 564.9 542.0 560.6 563.3 562.6 -0.7

Couriers and messengers

623.7 515.6 542.8 628.7 573.6 522.9 525.6 567.8 42.2

Warehousing and storage

639.5 637.4 644.1 642.8 631.8 631.0 632.0 633.6 1.6

Utilities

549.5 553.6 554.2 554.7 551.2 554.1 555.0 556.2 1.2

Information

2,706 2,653 2,663 2,672 2,694 2,659 2,652 2,658 6

Publishing industries, except Internet

759.9 755.6 754.5 756.4 756.9 754.7 751.7 753.0 1.3

Motion picture and sound recording industries

372.8 358.3 368.0 374.1 372.6 363.9 365.6 370.8 5.2

Broadcasting, except Internet

297.0 295.1 293.6 294.2 295.7 293.7 291.3 292.7 1.4

Telecommunications

888.4 842.1 842.6 842.6 881.8 843.6 840.2 837.2 -3.0

Data processing, hosting and related services

242.4 238.3 239.6 240.0 241.0 238.9 239.1 238.9 -0.2

Other information services

145.8 163.9 164.2 164.5 145.7 163.9 164.3 165.3 1.0

Financial activities

7,625 7,618 7,618 7,633 7,617 7,617 7,622 7,624 2

Finance and insurance

5,692.2 5,664.6 5,676.2 5,686.8 5,681.5 5,668.9 5,672.5 5,675.0 2.5

Monetary authorities - central bank

21.2 21.9 21.9 21.8 21.2 21.9 21.9 21.9 0.0

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,553.7 2,540.1 2,549.9 2,558.8 2,549.0 2,544.8 2,549.3 2,552.1 2.8

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,744.8 1,753.1 1,756.2 1,762.7 1,741.9 1,757.1 1,758.1 1,760.0 1.9

Commercial banking

1,317.4 1,322.6 1,324.6 1,329.5 1,316.4 1,325.0 1,326.9 1,328.6 1.7

Securities, commodity contracts, investments

804.3 807.3 807.1 802.9 803.1 806.7 806.3 802.4 -3.9

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,226.7 2,209.4 2,212.3 2,218.0 2,221.7 2,209.9 2,209.8 2,213.1 3.3

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles

86.3 85.9 85.0 85.3 86.5 85.6 85.2 85.5 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

1,932.9 1,953.1 1,941.6 1,946.0 1,935.3 1,947.9 1,949.9 1,948.6 -1.3

Real estate

1,396.5 1,408.3 1,399.8 1,403.1 1,395.0 1,402.9 1,403.3 1,402.3 -1.0

Rental and leasing services

511.0 518.8 515.8 516.8 515.0 519.0 520.6 520.3 -0.3

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

25.4 26.0 26.0 26.1 25.3 26.0 26.0 26.0 0.0

Professional and business services

17,034 17,500 17,513 17,480 16,902 17,323 17,342 17,354 12

Professional and technical services(1)

7,523.1 7,666.9 7,705.1 7,761.2 7,469.4 7,697.8 7,707.1 7,715.6 8.5

Legal services

1,118.3 1,113.2 1,114.6 1,115.2 1,113.7 1,112.4 1,112.8 1,111.0 -1.8

Accounting and bookkeeping services

894.7 865.4 892.5 951.0 881.8 936.8 940.1 943.2 3.1

Architectural and engineering services

1,281.4 1,313.1 1,310.9 1,306.6 1,278.5 1,303.9 1,304.6 1,305.1 0.5

Computer systems design and related services

1,471.7 1,528.0 1,534.5 1,530.4 1,464.9 1,520.4 1,523.9 1,525.1 1.2

Management and technical consulting services

1,020.6 1,070.8 1,077.0 1,082.9 1,008.1 1,062.0 1,064.7 1,069.0 4.3

Management of companies and enterprises

1,877.3 1,895.4 1,899.2 1,905.4 1,873.3 1,894.7 1,897.1 1,899.2 2.1

Administrative and waste services

7,633.4 7,937.8 7,908.8 7,813.5 7,559.6 7,730.7 7,737.4 7,739.1 1.7

Administrative and support services(1)

7,275.2 7,566.9 7,542.2 7,448.6 7,199.8 7,363.0 7,371.7 7,372.1 0.4

Employment services(1)

2,974.6 3,096.7 3,105.9 3,088.2 2,843.6 2,960.9 2,968.3 2,956.7 -11.6

Temporary help services

2,314.3 2,421.9 2,434.0 2,412.2 2,207.2 2,300.0 2,311.2 2,303.7 -7.5

Business support services

824.1 810.5 822.9 831.5 805.2 804.0 807.3 811.2 3.9

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,689.0 1,823.7 1,788.6 1,711.1 1,765.0 1,776.9 1,778.8 1,783.7 4.9

Waste management and remediation services

358.2 370.9 366.6 364.9 359.8 367.7 365.7 367.0 1.3

Education and health services

19,921 20,299 20,398 20,346 19,760 20,125 20,158 20,187 29

Educational services

3,291.9 3,391.5 3,443.0 3,367.3 3,179.5 3,243.4 3,255.7 3,255.8 0.1

Health care and social assistance

16,629.5 16,907.6 16,954.9 16,978.6 16,580.6 16,882.0 16,902.2 16,930.9 28.7

Health care(3)

13,951.4 14,212.8 14,244.5 14,264.7 13,922.4 14,198.5 14,214.5 14,237.1 22.6

Ambulatory health care services(1)

6,065.8 6,231.4 6,244.8 6,252.7 6,051.3 6,219.2 6,227.0 6,238.3 11.3

Offices of physicians

2,343.1 2,396.6 2,403.2 2,411.0 2,330.0 2,391.9 2,395.7 2,397.6 1.9

Outpatient care centers

613.1 631.7 635.6 637.9 611.4 630.7 633.9 635.5 1.6

Home health care services

1,103.4 1,143.7 1,143.9 1,141.2 1,102.3 1,140.3 1,139.1 1,141.1 2.0

Hospitals

4,715.1 4,781.2 4,793.5 4,803.8 4,708.0 4,780.1 4,787.3 4,797.1 9.8

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,170.5 3,200.2 3,206.2 3,208.2 3,163.1 3,199.2 3,200.2 3,201.7 1.5

Nursing care facilities

1,680.2 1,682.6 1,684.7 1,682.4 1,674.8 1,682.5 1,679.4 1,678.9 -0.5

Social assistance(1)

2,678.1 2,694.8 2,710.4 2,713.9 2,658.2 2,683.5 2,687.7 2,693.8 6.1

Child day care services

870.2 861.6 865.5 861.4 856.6 851.5 849.6 849.4 -0.2

Leisure and hospitality

12,749 13,252 13,065 13,008 13,074 13,291 13,321 13,342 21

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,735.7 1,860.9 1,746.4 1,727.9 1,896.4 1,895.2 1,894.1 1,891.0 -3.1

Performing arts and spectator sports

393.5 413.0 393.4 387.9 410.5 405.9 408.0 406.0 -2.0

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks

119.8 132.3 128.0 125.9 127.2 132.4 133.0 133.7 0.7

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,222.4 1,315.6 1,225.0 1,214.1 1,358.7 1,356.9 1,353.1 1,351.3 -1.8

Accommodation and food services

11,012.9 11,391.5 11,318.9 11,280.2 11,177.4 11,395.8 11,426.4 11,451.1 24.7

Accommodation

1,701.9 1,801.0 1,748.9 1,738.5 1,763.3 1,811.7 1,805.9 1,806.6 0.7

Food services and drinking places

9,311.0 9,590.5 9,570.0 9,541.7 9,414.1 9,584.1 9,620.5 9,644.5 24.0

Other services

5,393 5,450 5,445 5,440 5,418 5,454 5,458 5,462 4

Repair and maintenance

1,134.4 1,157.5 1,155.7 1,154.1 1,142.3 1,157.2 1,159.6 1,160.3 0.7

Personal and laundry services

1,268.4 1,282.4 1,279.3 1,276.4 1,271.6 1,285.4 1,282.3 1,281.1 -1.2

Membership associations and organizations

2,990.6 3,010.3 3,010.1 3,009.3 3,004.1 3,011.4 3,016.2 3,020.4 4.2

Government

22,586 22,366 22,464 22,325 22,252 22,004 21,984 21,972 -12

Federal

2,846.0 2,820.0 2,805.0 2,812.0 2,853.0 2,819.0 2,815.0 2,817.0 2.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,200.0 2,197.6 2,193.3 2,197.0 2,210.0 2,201.0 2,202.1 2,204.7 2.6

U.S. Postal Service

646.2 622.0 611.9 615.4 643.4 617.6 612.9 612.1 -0.8

State government

5,250.0 5,230.0 5,256.0 5,193.0 5,140.0 5,079.0 5,077.0 5,077.0 0.0

State government education

2,513.6 2,563.2 2,591.9 2,529.1 2,392.6 2,402.9 2,404.0 2,407.2 3.2

State government, excluding education

2,736.1 2,666.5 2,663.9 2,664.3 2,747.3 2,676.1 2,672.6 2,669.7 -2.9

Local government

14,490.0 14,316.0 14,403.0 14,320.0 14,259.0 14,106.0 14,092.0 14,078.0 -14.0

Local government education

8,266.1 8,103.9 8,204.7 8,159.1 7,951.8 7,857.5 7,848.1 7,838.7 -9.4

Local government, excluding education

6,223.5 6,211.8 6,198.6 6,160.8 6,307.3 6,248.3 6,243.7 6,239.6 -4.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.2 34.4 34.3 34.4

Goods-producing

39.7 40.1 40.0 40.1

Mining and logging

43.5 45.1 44.5 44.6

Construction

38.0 38.3 38.4 38.7

Manufacturing

40.3 40.6 40.4 40.5

Durable goods

40.6 40.9 40.7 40.9

Nondurable goods

39.9 40.0 39.8 39.8

Private service-providing

33.1 33.3 33.2 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.5 34.6 34.4 34.6

Wholesale trade

38.3 38.8 38.7 38.7

Retail trade

31.5 31.5 31.4 31.7

Transportation and warehousing

38.7 38.5 38.4 38.4

Utilities

41.3 42.2 41.7 41.1

Information

36.4 36.8 36.7 36.5

Financial activities

37.0 37.3 37.4 37.3

Professional and business services

35.6 35.8 35.7 35.8

Education and health services

32.7 32.7 32.7 32.8

Leisure and hospitality

25.8 26.0 26.1 26.1

Other services

31.6 31.6 31.5 31.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2

Durable goods

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.2

Nondurable goods

3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)

Total private

$22.77 $23.20 $23.20 $23.24 $778.73 $798.08 $795.76 $799.46

Goods-producing

24.20 24.58 24.52 24.64 960.74 985.66 980.80 988.06

Mining and logging

27.59 28.31 28.38 28.62 1,200.17 1,276.78 1,262.91 1,276.45

Construction

25.33 25.47 25.48 25.53 962.54 975.50 978.43 988.01

Manufacturing

23.46 23.90 23.80 23.93 945.44 970.34 961.52 969.17

Durable goods

24.98 25.45 25.31 25.38 1,014.19 1,040.91 1,030.12 1,038.04

Nondurable goods

20.99 21.28 21.23 21.44 837.50 851.20 844.95 853.31

Private service-providing

22.44 22.88 22.89 22.91 742.76 761.90 759.95 762.90

Trade, transportation, and utilities

19.76 20.15 20.19 20.18 681.72 697.19 694.54 698.23

Wholesale trade

26.17 26.42 26.40 26.42 1,002.31 1,025.10 1,021.68 1,022.45

Retail trade

15.63 15.88 15.95 15.97 492.35 500.22 500.83 506.25

Transportation and warehousing

21.21 21.90 21.96 22.01 820.83 843.15 843.26 845.18

Utilities

32.78 33.97 34.18 33.71 1,353.81 1,433.53 1,425.31 1,385.48

Information

31.06 31.49 31.67 31.77 1,130.58 1,158.83 1,162.29 1,159.61

Financial activities

27.45 28.07 28.15 28.16 1,015.65 1,047.01 1,052.81 1,050.37

Professional and business services

27.34 28.00 28.01 28.02 973.30 1,002.40 999.96 1,003.12

Education and health services

23.29 23.73 23.71 23.76 761.58 775.97 775.32 779.33

Leisure and hospitality

13.12 13.32 13.29 13.31 338.50 346.32 346.87 347.39

Other services

20.46 20.56 20.63 20.72 646.54 649.70 649.85 654.75

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2011 - Dec.
2011(p)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2011 - Dec.
2011(p)

Total private

92.6 94.5 94.3 94.8 0.5 100.5 104.5 104.3 105.0 0.7

Goods-producing

80.5 82.8 82.5 83.0 0.6 88.0 91.9 91.5 92.4 1.0

Mining and logging

100.3 115.1 114.2 115.6 1.2 111.1 130.8 130.2 132.9 2.1

Construction

72.0 73.1 73.1 73.9 1.1 79.2 80.9 81.0 82.0 1.2

Manufacturing

83.8 85.9 85.5 85.9 0.5 91.5 95.5 94.7 95.6 1.0

Durable goods

81.5 84.4 84.1 84.8 0.8 90.4 95.4 94.6 95.6 1.1

Nondurable goods

88.4 88.6 87.9 87.9 0.0 94.2 95.6 94.7 95.6 1.0

Private service-providing

95.9 97.8 97.7 98.1 0.4 104.3 108.5 108.3 108.9 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

92.8 94.0 93.7 94.5 0.9 98.7 102.0 101.8 102.7 0.9

Wholesale trade

91.6 94.0 93.8 93.9 0.1 100.0 103.7 103.3 103.6 0.3

Retail trade

92.4 93.5 93.5 94.5 1.1 95.5 98.2 98.6 99.8 1.2

Transportation and warehousing

94.5 94.4 94.2 95.3 1.2 101.8 104.9 104.9 106.4 1.4

Utilities

98.5 101.1 100.1 98.9 -1.2 106.7 113.5 113.1 110.1 -2.7

Information

89.6 89.4 88.9 88.6 -0.3 99.0 100.2 100.2 100.2 0.0

Financial activities

92.9 93.6 93.9 93.7 -0.2 99.5 102.6 103.2 103.0 -0.2

Professional and business services

94.6 97.5 97.4 97.7 0.3 104.8 110.6 110.5 110.9 0.4

Education and health services

105.2 107.1 107.3 107.8 0.5 114.7 119.1 119.2 120.0 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

96.2 98.6 99.2 99.4 0.2 101.9 106.0 106.4 106.7 0.3

Other services

94.9 95.5 95.3 95.6 0.3 110.1 111.4 111.5 112.5 0.9

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)

Total nonfarm

64,657 65,040 65,089 65,178 49.6 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private

52,016 52,515 52,569 52,659 48.2 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing

4,063 4,051 4,040 4,044 22.8 22.4 22.3 22.3

Mining and logging

99 108 110 111 13.5 13.3 13.5 13.5

Construction

714 710 707 710 13.0 12.8 12.8 12.8

Manufacturing

3,250 3,233 3,223 3,223 28.1 27.5 27.4 27.3

Durable goods

1,719 1,715 1,714 1,717 24.1 23.4 23.3 23.3

Nondurable goods

1,531 1,518 1,509 1,506 34.5 34.2 34.1 34.0

Private service-providing

47,953 48,464 48,529 48,615 53.2 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

9,979 9,993 10,009 10,032 40.3 40.0 40.0 39.9

Wholesale trade

1,644.2 1,672.2 1,672.1 1,672.8 30.0 30.1 30.1 30.1

Retail trade

7,183.9 7,182.8 7,197.2 7,214.1 49.7 49.1 49.1 49.1

Transportation and warehousing

1,015.2 1,003.8 1,005.1 1,009.6 23.8 23.4 23.5 23.3

Utilities

135.4 134.4 134.9 135.1 24.6 24.3 24.3 24.3

Information

1,094 1,079 1,079 1,080 40.6 40.6 40.7 40.6

Financial activities

4,458 4,425 4,432 4,440 58.5 58.1 58.1 58.2

Professional and business services

7,518 7,705 7,711 7,723 44.5 44.5 44.5 44.5

Education and health services

15,215 15,439 15,461 15,483 77.0 76.7 76.7 76.7

Leisure and hospitality

6,821 6,945 6,957 6,976 52.2 52.3 52.2 52.3

Other services

2,868 2,878 2,880 2,881 52.9 52.8 52.8 52.7

Government

12,641 12,525 12,520 12,519 56.8 56.9 57.0 57.0

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)

Total private

88,974 90,385 90,520 90,710

Goods-producing

12,808 13,064 13,049 13,099

Mining and logging

553 612 613 618

Construction

4,162 4,191 4,179 4,199

Manufacturing

8,093 8,261 8,257 8,282

Durable goods

4,865 5,027 5,039 5,059

Nondurable goods

3,228 3,234 3,218 3,223

Private service-providing

76,166 77,321 77,471 77,611

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20,915 21,188 21,235 21,289

Wholesale trade

4,383.6 4,451.0 4,452.0 4,463.0

Retail trade

12,434.9 12,605.2 12,647.8 12,674.2

Transportation and warehousing

3,657.4 3,690.9 3,693.5 3,709.6

Utilities

439.2 440.8 441.8 442.2

Information

2,166 2,136 2,133 2,141

Financial activities

5,845 5,830 5,834 5,840

Professional and business services

13,861 14,252 14,276 14,305

Education and health services

17,328 17,623 17,658 17,688

Leisure and hospitality

11,514 11,723 11,762 11,769

Other services

4,537 4,569 4,573 4,579

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.5 33.7 33.6 33.7

Goods-producing

40.5 40.9 40.9 41.0

Mining and logging

44.9 47.6 47.2 47.3

Construction

38.6 38.9 39.1 39.2

Manufacturing

41.3 41.5 41.4 41.5

Durable goods

41.6 41.8 41.7 41.9

Nondurable goods

40.7 40.9 40.8 40.8

Private service-providing

32.3 32.4 32.4 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.6 33.8 33.7 33.9

Wholesale trade

38.2 38.6 38.5 38.6

Retail trade

30.5 30.6 30.6 30.9

Transportation and warehousing

37.7 37.7 37.8 37.8

Utilities

42.2 41.8 41.7 41.1

Information

36.1 36.2 36.1 36.1

Financial activities

36.3 36.5 36.3 36.3

Professional and business services

35.3 35.2 35.2 35.2

Education and health services

32.1 32.3 32.3 32.3

Leisure and hospitality

24.7 24.8 24.8 24.9

Other services

30.7 30.8 30.8 30.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1

Durable goods

4.1 4.2 4.1 4.2

Nondurable goods

3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)

Total private

$19.23 $19.53 $19.54 $19.54 $644.21 $658.16 $656.54 $658.50

Goods-producing

20.49 20.76 20.77 20.84 829.85 849.08 849.49 854.44

Mining and logging

24.02 24.79 24.89 24.58 1,078.50 1,180.00 1,174.81 1,162.63

Construction

23.44 23.74 23.76 23.90 904.78 923.49 929.02 936.88

Manufacturing

18.80 19.00 18.98 19.05 776.44 788.50 785.77 790.58

Durable goods

20.03 20.19 20.15 20.13 833.25 843.94 840.26 843.45

Nondurable goods

16.91 17.11 17.12 17.32 688.24 699.80 698.50 706.66

Private service-providing

18.97 19.26 19.28 19.27 612.73 624.02 624.67 626.28

Trade, transportation, and utilities

16.97 17.20 17.21 17.13 570.19 581.36 579.98 580.71

Wholesale trade

21.79 22.02 21.99 21.96 832.38 849.97 846.62 847.66

Retail trade

13.36 13.53 13.58 13.51 407.48 414.02 415.55 417.46

Transportation and warehousing

19.28 19.59 19.53 19.48 726.86 738.54 738.23 736.34

Utilities

30.13 30.93 31.33 31.11 1,271.49 1,292.87 1,306.46 1,278.62

Information

26.09 26.73 26.72 26.78 941.85 967.63 964.59 966.76

Financial activities

21.63 21.94 22.05 22.14 785.17 800.81 800.42 803.68

Professional and business services

22.84 23.15 23.18 23.19 806.25 814.88 815.94 816.29

Education and health services

20.42 20.87 20.87 20.90 655.48 674.10 674.10 675.07

Leisure and hospitality

11.31 11.49 11.49 11.49 279.36 284.95 284.95 286.10

Other services

17.24 17.30 17.33 17.37 529.27 532.84 533.76 536.73

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2011 - Dec.
2011(p)
Dec.
2010
Oct.
2011
Nov.
2011(p)
Dec.
2011(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2011 - Dec.
2011(p)

Total private

99.6 101.8 101.6 102.1 0.5 128.0 132.8 132.7 133.4 0.5

Goods-producing

79.3 81.7 81.6 82.1 0.6 99.5 103.8 103.7 104.7 1.0

Mining and logging

131.9 154.8 153.8 155.3 1.0 184.3 223.2 222.6 222.1 -0.2

Construction

80.4 81.6 81.8 82.4 0.7 101.8 104.6 105.0 106.4 1.3

Manufacturing

76.7 78.7 78.5 78.9 0.5 94.3 97.8 97.4 98.3 0.9

Durable goods

76.0 78.9 78.9 79.6 0.9 95.1 99.5 99.3 100.1 0.8

Nondurable goods

77.4 77.9 77.4 77.5 0.1 92.5 94.2 93.6 94.8 1.3

Private service-providing

105.2 107.1 107.3 107.9 0.6 136.8 141.5 141.9 142.5 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

98.0 99.8 99.8 100.6 0.8 118.6 122.5 122.5 122.9 0.3

Wholesale trade

98.6 101.2 100.9 101.5 0.6 126.6 131.2 130.8 131.2 0.3

Retail trade

96.0 97.6 98.0 99.1 1.1 109.9 113.2 114.0 114.8 0.7

Transportation and warehousing

103.8 104.7 105.1 105.6 0.5 126.9 130.2 130.2 130.4 0.2

Utilities

94.8 94.2 94.2 93.0 -1.3 119.2 121.7 123.2 120.7 -2.0

Information

89.3 88.3 87.9 88.2 0.3 115.3 116.8 116.3 117.0 0.6

Financial activities

101.5 101.8 101.3 101.4 0.1 135.8 138.1 138.2 138.9 0.5

Professional and business services

109.7 112.4 112.6 112.9 0.3 149.0 154.9 155.3 155.7 0.3

Education and health services

120.0 122.8 123.0 123.2 0.2 161.1 168.5 168.8 169.3 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

104.2 106.6 106.9 107.4 0.5 133.9 139.0 139.5 140.2 0.5

Other services

97.7 98.7 98.8 99.3 0.5 122.7 124.4 124.8 125.6 0.6

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: January 06, 2012