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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed                   USDL-15-0001
until 8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, January 9, 2015

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- DECEMBER 2014


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 252,000 in December, and the unemployment 
rate declined to 5.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 
Job gains occurred in professional and business services, construction, food 
services and drinking places, health care, and manufacturing.


  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |                                                                      |
 |       Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data          |
 |                                                                      |
 | Seasonally adjusted household survey data have been revised using    |
 | updated seasonal adjustment factors, a procedure done at the end     |
 | of each calendar year. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to         |
 | January 2010 were subject to revision. The unemployment rates for    |
 | January 2014 through November 2014 (as originally published and as   |
 | revised) appear in table A, along with additional information about	|
 | the revisions.                                                       |
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 
Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate declined by 0.2 percentage point to 5.6 percent in December, 
and the number of unemployed persons declined by 383,000 to 8.7 million. Over the 
year, the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed persons were down by 1.1 
percentage points and 1.7 million, respectively. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult women (5.0 percent) 
decreased by 0.2 percentage point in December, while the rates for adult men (5.3 
percent), teenagers (16.8 percent), whites (4.8 percent), blacks (10.4 percent), 
and Hispanics (6.5 percent) showed little change. The jobless rate for Asians, at 
4.2 percent (not seasonally adjusted), changed little from a year earlier. (See 
tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

In December, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or 
longer) was essentially unchanged at 2.8 million and accounted for 31.9 percent of 
the unemployed. Over the year, the number of long-term unemployed has declined by 
1.1 million. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate edged down by 0.2 percentage point 
to 62.7 percent in December. Since April, the participation rate has remained 
within a narrow range of 62.7 to 62.9 percent. In December, the employment-
population ratio was 59.2 percent for the third consecutive month. However, the 
employment-population ratio is up by 0.6 percentage point over the year. (See 
table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred 
to as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in December at 6.8 million. 
These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working 
part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to 
find a full-time job.  (See table A-8.)

In December, 2.3 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, 
little changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These 
individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and 
had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as 
unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 
survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 740,000 discouraged workers in December, 
down by 177,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) 
Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe 
no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5 million persons marginally 
attached to the labor force in December had not searched for work for reasons such 
as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 252,000 in December. In 2014, job 
growth averaged 246,000 per month, compared with an average monthly gain of 194,000 
in 2013. In December, employment increased in professional and business services, 
construction, food services and drinking places, health care, and manufacturing. 
(See table B-1.)

Employment in professional and business services rose by 52,000 in December. 
Monthly job gains in the industry averaged 61,000 in 2014. In December, employment 
increased in administrative and waste services (+35,000), computer systems design 
and related services (+9,000), and architectural and engineering services (+5,000). 
Employment in accounting and bookkeeping services declined (-14,000), offsetting 
an increase of the same amount in November. 

Construction added 48,000 jobs in December, well above the employment gains in 
recent months. Specialty trade contractors added jobs in December (+26,000), with 
the gain about equally split between residential and nonresidential contractors. 
Employment also increased in heavy and civil engineering construction (+12,000) 
and in nonresidential building (+10,000). 

In December, employment in food services and drinking places increased by 44,000. 
The industry added an average of 30,000 jobs per month in 2014.

Health care added 34,000 jobs in December. Job gains occurred in ambulatory health 
care services (+16,000), nursing and residential care facilities (+11,000), and 
hospitals (+7,000). Employment growth in health care averaged 26,000 per month in 
2014 and 17,000 per month in 2013. 

In December, manufacturing employment increased by 17,000, with durable goods 
(+13,000) accounting for most of the gain. Manufacturing added an average of 16,000 
jobs per month in 2014, compared with an average gain of 7,000 jobs per month in 
2013.

Employment in wholesale trade and in financial activities continued to trend up 
in December.   

Employment in retail trade changed little in December, following a large gain in 
November. Employment in other major industries, including mining and logging, 
transportation and warehousing, information, and government, changed little in 
December. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged 
at 34.6 hours in December. The manufacturing workweek edged down by 0.1 hour to 
41.0 hours, and factory overtime edged up by 0.1 hour to 3.6 hours. The average 
workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls 
edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.9 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In December, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls 
decreased by 5 cents to $24.57, following an increase of 6 cents in November. Over 
the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 1.7 percent. In December, average 
hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees decreased 
by 6 cents to $20.68. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for October was revised from 
+243,000 to +261,000, and the change for November was revised from +321,000 to 
+353,000. With these revisions, employment gains in October and November were 
50,000 higher than previously reported.

_____________
The Employment Situation for January is scheduled to be released on Friday, 
February 6, 2015, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).


 
   ----------------------------------------------------------------
  |                                                                |
  |       Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data               |
  |                                                                |
  | Effective with the release of January 2015 data on February 6, |
  | 2015, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey will      |
  | introduce revisions to nonfarm payroll employment, hours,      |
  | and earnings data to reflect the annual benchmark adjustment   |
  | for March 2014 and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Not    |
  | seasonally adjusted data beginning with April 2013 and         |
  | seasonally adjusted data beginning with January 2010 are       |
  | subject to revision.                                           |
  |                                                                |
   ----------------------------------------------------------------



   -----------------------------------------------------------------
  |                                                                 |
  |         Upcoming Changes to the Household Survey                |
  |                                                                 |
  | Effective with the release of January 2015 data on February 6,  |
  | 2015, new population controls will be used in the Current       |
  | Population Survey (CPS) estimation process. These new controls  |
  | reflect the annual updating of intercensal population estimates |
  | by the U.S. Census Bureau. In accordance with usual practice,   |
  | historical data will not be revised to incorporate the new      |
  | controls; consequently, household survey data for January 2015  |
  | will not be directly comparable with data for December 2014 or  |
  | earlier periods. A table showing the effects of the new controls|
  | on the major labor force series will be included in the January |
  | 2015 news release.                                              |
  |                                                                 |
   -----------------------------------------------------------------



   -----------------------------------------------------------------
  |                                                                 |
  |    Upcoming Changes to the Employment Situation News Release    |
  |                                                                 |
  | Effective with the release of January 2015 data on February 6,  |
  | 2015, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics will introduce several|
  | changes to The Employment Situation news release tables.        |
  |                                                                 |
  | Household survey table A-2 will introduce seasonally adjusted   |
  | series on the labor force characteristics of Asians. These      |
  | series will appear in addition to the not seasonally adjusted   |
  | data for Asians currently displayed in the table. Also, in      |
  | summary table A, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate for  |
  | Asians will replace the not seasonally adjusted series that is  |
  | currently displayed for the group.                              |
  |                                                                 |
  | Household survey table A-3 will introduce seasonally adjusted   |
  | series on the labor force characteristics of Hispanic men age   |
  | 20 and over, Hispanic women age 20 and over, and Hispanic       |
  | teenagers age 16 to 19. The not seasonally adjusted series for  |
  | these groups will continue to be displayed in the table.        |
  |                                                                 |
  | The establishment survey will introduce two data series: (1)    |
  | total nonfarm employment, 3-month average change and (2) total  |
  | private employment, 3-month average change. These new series    |
  | will be added to establishment survey summary table B.          |
  | Additionally, in the employment section of summary table B, the |
  | list of industries will be expanded to include utilities        |
  | (currently published in table B-1). Also, hours and earnings of |
  | production and nonsupervisory employees will be removed from    |
  | summary table B, although these series will continue to be      |
  | published in establishment survey tables B-7 and B-8. A sample  |
  | of the new summary table B is available on the BLS website at   |
  | www.bls.gov/ces/cesnewsumb.pdf.                                 |
  |                                                                 |
   -----------------------------------------------------------------



                                                                    
       Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data        
                                                                    
At the end of each calendar year, BLS routinely updates the         
seasonal adjustment factors for the labor force series derived      
from the Current Population Survey (CPS), or household survey.      
As a result of this process, seasonally adjusted data for           
January 2010 through November 2014 were subject to revision.        
                                                                    
Table A shows the unemployment rates for January 2014 through       
November 2014, as first published and as revised. The rates         
changed by one-tenth of a percentage point in 3 of the 11 months    
and were unchanged in the remaining 8 months. Revised seasonally    
adjusted data for other major labor force series beginning in       
December 2013 appear in table B.                                    
                                                                    
An article describing the seasonal adjustment methodology for       
the household survey data and revised data for January 2014         
through November 2014 is available at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsrs2015.pdf.
                                                                    
Historical data for the household series contained in the A tables  
of this release can be accessed at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsatabs.htm.    
Revised historical seasonally adjusted data are available at        
www.bls.gov/cps/data.htm and http://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/ln/.
                                                                    
                                                                    
 Table A. Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates in 2014 and changes due to revision
 January - November 2014
 
 
        Month                 As first published       As revised            Change
 
 January.............                 6.6                 6.6                 0.0
 February............                 6.7                 6.7                  .0
 March...............                 6.7                 6.6                 -.1
 April...............                 6.3                 6.2                 -.1
 May.................                 6.3                 6.3                  .0
 June................                 6.1                 6.1                  .0
 July................                 6.2                 6.2                  .0
 August..............                 6.1                 6.1                  .0
 September...........                 5.9                 5.9                  .0
 October.............                 5.8                 5.7                 -.1
 November............                 5.8                 5.8                  .0
 
 
 


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table B. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age 2013 2014
Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

246,745 246,915 247,085 247,258 247,439 247,622 247,814 248,023 248,229 248,446 248,657 248,844 249,027

Civilian labor force

155,047 155,486 155,688 156,180 155,420 155,629 155,700 156,048 156,018 155,845 156,243 156,402 156,129

Participation rate

62.8 63.0 63.0 63.2 62.8 62.8 62.8 62.9 62.9 62.7 62.8 62.9 62.7

Employed

144,671 145,206 145,301 145,796 145,724 145,868 146,247 146,401 146,451 146,607 147,260 147,331 147,442

Employment-population ratio

58.6 58.8 58.8 59.0 58.9 58.9 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.2 59.2 59.2

Unemployed

10,376 10,280 10,387 10,384 9,696 9,761 9,453 9,648 9,568 9,237 8,983 9,071 8,688

Unemployment rate

6.7 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.2 6.3 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

110,613 110,746 110,838 110,930 111,027 111,126 111,230 111,342 111,451 111,567 111,679 111,778 111,875

Civilian labor force

79,523 79,899 79,884 80,125 79,837 79,836 80,056 80,174 80,210 80,163 80,023 80,029 80,271

Participation rate

71.9 72.1 72.1 72.2 71.9 71.8 72.0 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.7 71.6 71.8

Employed

74,505 74,905 74,820 75,284 75,163 75,159 75,504 75,631 75,668 75,889 75,928 75,675 76,026

Employment-population ratio

67.4 67.6 67.5 67.9 67.7 67.6 67.9 67.9 67.9 68.0 68.0 67.7 68.0

Unemployed

5,018 4,994 5,064 4,841 4,674 4,677 4,552 4,543 4,543 4,273 4,094 4,354 4,245

Unemployment rate

6.3 6.3 6.3 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

119,433 119,497 119,583 119,669 119,760 119,852 119,948 120,052 120,156 120,265 120,370 120,465 120,557

Civilian labor force

69,886 70,045 70,323 70,363 70,041 70,170 70,003 70,222 70,230 70,037 70,354 70,599 70,111

Participation rate

58.5 58.6 58.8 58.8 58.5 58.5 58.4 58.5 58.4 58.2 58.4 58.6 58.2

Employed

65,678 65,913 66,168 66,009 66,076 66,164 66,267 66,250 66,289 66,192 66,560 66,894 66,632

Employment-population ratio

55.0 55.2 55.3 55.2 55.2 55.2 55.2 55.2 55.2 55.0 55.3 55.5 55.3

Unemployed

4,208 4,131 4,155 4,354 3,964 4,006 3,736 3,972 3,942 3,845 3,794 3,705 3,479

Unemployment rate

6.0 5.9 5.9 6.2 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

16,700 16,671 16,664 16,658 16,652 16,644 16,636 16,629 16,622 16,615 16,608 16,602 16,595

Civilian labor force

5,638 5,542 5,480 5,692 5,542 5,623 5,641 5,652 5,578 5,645 5,866 5,775 5,747

Participation rate

33.8 33.2 32.9 34.2 33.3 33.8 33.9 34.0 33.6 34.0 35.3 34.8 34.6

Employed

4,488 4,388 4,312 4,504 4,485 4,545 4,476 4,520 4,495 4,527 4,772 4,762 4,784

Employment-population ratio

26.9 26.3 25.9 27.0 26.9 27.3 26.9 27.2 27.0 27.2 28.7 28.7 28.8

Unemployed

1,150 1,155 1,168 1,189 1,057 1,078 1,165 1,132 1,083 1,119 1,094 1,013 963

Unemployment rate

20.4 20.8 21.3 20.9 19.1 19.2 20.7 20.0 19.4 19.8 18.7 17.5 16.8

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Change from:
Nov.
2014-
Dec.
2014

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

246,745 248,657 248,844 249,027 183

Civilian labor force

155,047 156,243 156,402 156,129 -273

Participation rate

62.8 62.8 62.9 62.7 -0.2

Employed

144,671 147,260 147,331 147,442 111

Employment-population ratio

58.6 59.2 59.2 59.2 0.0

Unemployed

10,376 8,983 9,071 8,688 -383

Unemployment rate

6.7 5.7 5.8 5.6 -0.2

Not in labor force

91,698 92,414 92,442 92,898 456

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

6.7 5.7 5.8 5.6 -0.2

Adult men (20 years and over)

6.3 5.1 5.4 5.3 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

6.0 5.4 5.2 5.0 -0.2

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

20.4 18.7 17.5 16.8 -0.7

White

6.0 4.9 4.9 4.8 -0.1

Black or African American

11.8 10.9 11.0 10.4 -0.6

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)

4.1 5.0 4.8 4.2 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

8.4 6.8 6.6 6.5 -0.1

Total, 25 years and over

5.6 4.7 4.7 4.5 -0.2

Less than a high school diploma

9.9 7.9 8.5 8.6 0.1

High school graduates, no college

7.0 5.7 5.6 5.3 -0.3

Some college or associate degree

6.1 4.9 4.9 4.9 0.0

Bachelor's degree and higher

3.4 3.0 3.2 2.9 -0.3

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5,421 4,349 4,480 4,325 -155

Job leavers

860 782 835 798 -37

Reentrants

3,027 2,856 2,761 2,701 -60

New entrants

1,198 1,058 1,045 971 -74

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,323 2,455 2,505 2,375 -130

5 to 14 weeks

2,525 2,322 2,378 2,293 -85

15 to 26 weeks

1,680 1,416 1,403 1,274 -129

27 weeks and over

3,877 2,904 2,822 2,785 -37

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

7,766 7,012 6,851 6,790 -61

Slack work or business conditions

4,881 4,215 4,068 4,061 -7

Could only find part-time work

2,623 2,437 2,447 2,432 -15

Part time for noneconomic reasons

18,816 19,793 19,971 19,730 -241

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,427 2,192 2,109 2,260 -

Discouraged workers

917 770 698 740 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

84 261 353 252

Total private

86 255 345 240

Goods-producing

-13 42 51 67

Mining and logging

0 2 2 2

Construction

-20 16 20 48

Manufacturing

7 24 29 17

Durable goods(1)

0 20 20 13

Motor vehicles and parts

0.1 4.2 7.2 1.8

Nondurable goods

7 4 9 4

Private service-providing(1)

99 213 294 173

Wholesale trade

11.0 8.2 5.3 10.0

Retail trade

52.0 32.6 55.7 7.7

Transportation and warehousing

4.5 13.3 16.9 3.1

Information

-15 -6 1 2

Financial activities

2 4 21 10

Professional and business services(1)

16 51 87 52

Temporary help services

32.2 18.8 23.9 14.7

Education and health services(1)

5 44 41 48

Health care and social assistance

2.6 43.7 45.0 43.7

Leisure and hospitality

18 60 53 36

Other services

7 5 12 2

Government

-2 6 8 12

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2)
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES

Total nonfarm women employees

49.5 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees

48.0 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.3 34.5 34.6 34.6

Average hourly earnings

$24.17 $24.56 $24.62 $24.57

Average weekly earnings

$829.03 $847.32 $851.85 $850.12

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

99.1 101.6 102.2 102.4

Over-the-month percent change

-0.5 0.2 0.6 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

114.3 119.1 120.1 120.1

Over-the-month percent change

-0.4 0.3 0.8 0.0

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.5 33.8 33.8 33.9

Average hourly earnings

$20.35 $20.70 $20.74 $20.68

Average weekly earnings

$681.73 $699.66 $701.01 $701.05

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)

106.6 109.6 109.9 110.4

Over-the-month percent change

-0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)

144.9 151.6 152.3 152.6

Over-the-month percent change

-0.3 0.7 0.5 0.2

DIFFUSION INDEX(5)
(Over 1-month span)

Total private (264 industries)

57.2 66.5 69.7 63.6

Manufacturing (81 industries)

57.4 71.6 66.0 58.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

246,745 248,844 249,027 246,745 248,229 248,446 248,657 248,844 249,027

Civilian labor force

154,408 156,297 155,521 155,047 156,018 155,845 156,243 156,402 156,129

Participation rate

62.6 62.8 62.5 62.8 62.9 62.7 62.8 62.9 62.7

Employed

144,423 147,666 147,190 144,671 146,451 146,607 147,260 147,331 147,442

Employment-population ratio

58.5 59.3 59.1 58.6 59.0 59.0 59.2 59.2 59.2

Unemployed

9,984 8,630 8,331 10,376 9,568 9,237 8,983 9,071 8,688

Unemployment rate

6.5 5.5 5.4 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6

Not in labor force

92,338 92,547 93,506 91,698 92,210 92,601 92,414 92,442 92,898

Persons who currently want a job

5,932 6,227 6,212 6,148 6,334 6,385 6,545 6,556 6,445

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

119,103 120,208 120,301 119,103 119,893 120,004 120,112 120,208 120,301

Civilian labor force

81,985 82,835 82,800 82,383 83,010 82,983 82,950 82,961 83,210

Participation rate

68.8 68.9 68.8 69.2 69.2 69.2 69.1 69.0 69.2

Employed

76,403 78,208 78,052 76,757 77,873 78,094 78,286 78,084 78,400

Employment-population ratio

64.1 65.1 64.9 64.4 65.0 65.1 65.2 65.0 65.2

Unemployed

5,583 4,627 4,748 5,626 5,136 4,890 4,664 4,877 4,810

Unemployment rate

6.8 5.6 5.7 6.8 6.2 5.9 5.6 5.9 5.8

Not in labor force

37,118 37,373 37,501 36,720 36,883 37,021 37,161 37,247 37,091

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

110,613 111,778 111,875 110,613 111,451 111,567 111,679 111,778 111,875

Civilian labor force

79,335 80,074 80,068 79,523 80,210 80,163 80,023 80,029 80,271

Participation rate

71.7 71.6 71.6 71.9 72.0 71.9 71.7 71.6 71.8

Employed

74,275 75,922 75,801 74,505 75,668 75,889 75,928 75,675 76,026

Employment-population ratio

67.1 67.9 67.8 67.4 67.9 68.0 68.0 67.7 68.0

Unemployed

5,060 4,152 4,267 5,018 4,543 4,273 4,094 4,354 4,245

Unemployment rate

6.4 5.2 5.3 6.3 5.7 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.3

Not in labor force

31,278 31,704 31,807 31,090 31,241 31,404 31,656 31,749 31,603

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

127,642 128,637 128,726 127,642 128,336 128,442 128,545 128,637 128,726

Civilian labor force

72,423 73,462 72,721 72,664 73,008 72,862 73,293 73,442 72,919

Participation rate

56.7 57.1 56.5 56.9 56.9 56.7 57.0 57.1 56.6

Employed

68,021 69,459 69,138 67,914 68,577 68,514 68,974 69,247 69,042

Employment-population ratio

53.3 54.0 53.7 53.2 53.4 53.3 53.7 53.8 53.6

Unemployed

4,402 4,003 3,584 4,750 4,431 4,348 4,318 4,195 3,878

Unemployment rate

6.1 5.4 4.9 6.5 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.3

Not in labor force

55,220 55,175 56,005 54,978 55,327 55,581 55,253 55,195 55,807

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

119,433 120,465 120,557 119,433 120,156 120,265 120,370 120,465 120,557

Civilian labor force

69,809 70,743 70,058 69,886 70,230 70,037 70,354 70,599 70,111

Participation rate

58.5 58.7 58.1 58.5 58.4 58.2 58.4 58.6 58.2

Employed

65,849 67,176 66,797 65,678 66,289 66,192 66,560 66,894 66,632

Employment-population ratio

55.1 55.8 55.4 55.0 55.2 55.0 55.3 55.5 55.3

Unemployed

3,960 3,567 3,262 4,208 3,942 3,845 3,794 3,705 3,479

Unemployment rate

5.7 5.0 4.7 6.0 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.0

Not in labor force

49,624 49,722 50,499 49,547 49,925 50,228 50,016 49,866 50,446

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,700 16,602 16,595 16,700 16,622 16,615 16,608 16,602 16,595

Civilian labor force

5,264 5,480 5,395 5,638 5,578 5,645 5,866 5,775 5,747

Participation rate

31.5 33.0 32.5 33.8 33.6 34.0 35.3 34.8 34.6

Employed

4,300 4,569 4,592 4,488 4,495 4,527 4,772 4,762 4,784

Employment-population ratio

25.7 27.5 27.7 26.9 27.0 27.2 28.7 28.7 28.8

Unemployed

964 911 803 1,150 1,083 1,119 1,094 1,013 963

Unemployment rate

18.3 16.6 14.9 20.4 19.4 19.8 18.7 17.5 16.8

Not in labor force

11,436 11,122 11,201 11,061 11,044 10,970 10,742 10,827 10,849

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

194,927 195,995 196,091 194,927 195,652 195,777 195,896 195,995 196,091

Civilian labor force

122,621 123,438 122,650 123,067 123,266 122,996 123,287 123,391 123,058

Participation rate

62.9 63.0 62.5 63.1 63.0 62.8 62.9 63.0 62.8

Employed

115,640 117,724 117,068 115,742 116,760 116,760 117,300 117,307 117,186

Employment-population ratio

59.3 60.1 59.7 59.4 59.7 59.6 59.9 59.9 59.8

Unemployed

6,982 5,713 5,582 7,324 6,506 6,236 5,987 6,084 5,872

Unemployment rate

5.7 4.6 4.6 6.0 5.3 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.8

Not in labor force

72,306 72,558 73,441 71,861 72,386 72,781 72,609 72,604 73,033

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,190 64,440 64,262 64,315 64,519 64,290 64,234 64,339 64,392

Participation rate

72.3 72.0 71.8 72.4 72.3 72.0 71.8 71.9 71.9

Employed

60,538 61,640 61,410 60,690 61,360 61,447 61,507 61,388 61,551

Employment-population ratio

68.2 68.9 68.6 68.3 68.7 68.8 68.8 68.6 68.8

Unemployed

3,652 2,800 2,852 3,626 3,159 2,843 2,727 2,951 2,842

Unemployment rate

5.7 4.3 4.4 5.6 4.9 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,249 54,730 54,207 54,265 54,315 54,237 54,452 54,587 54,223

Participation rate

57.9 58.1 57.5 57.9 57.8 57.7 57.9 58.0 57.5

Employed

51,589 52,435 51,992 51,396 51,739 51,677 51,945 52,142 51,824

Employment-population ratio

55.1 55.7 55.2 54.9 55.0 54.9 55.2 55.4 55.0

Unemployed

2,660 2,295 2,216 2,869 2,576 2,561 2,507 2,445 2,399

Unemployment rate

4.9 4.2 4.1 5.3 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,182 4,268 4,181 4,486 4,432 4,468 4,601 4,466 4,443

Participation rate

33.6 34.6 33.9 36.1 35.8 36.1 37.2 36.2 36.0

Employed

3,513 3,649 3,666 3,657 3,661 3,636 3,848 3,777 3,811

Employment-population ratio

28.2 29.5 29.7 29.4 29.6 29.4 31.1 30.6 30.9

Unemployed

669 618 515 830 772 832 753 689 632

Unemployment rate

16.0 14.5 12.3 18.5 17.4 18.6 16.4 15.4 14.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,569 31,005 31,040 30,569 30,893 30,932 30,969 31,005 31,040

Civilian labor force

18,315 19,037 18,933 18,415 18,867 19,067 19,024 19,056 19,037

Participation rate

59.9 61.4 61.0 60.2 61.1 61.6 61.4 61.5 61.3

Employed

16,194 17,019 17,009 16,238 16,685 16,974 16,953 16,957 17,050

Employment-population ratio

53.0 54.9 54.8 53.1 54.0 54.9 54.7 54.7 54.9

Unemployed

2,121 2,017 1,924 2,176 2,182 2,093 2,071 2,099 1,986

Unemployment rate

11.6 10.6 10.2 11.8 11.6 11.0 10.9 11.0 10.4

Not in labor force

12,254 11,968 12,107 12,154 12,026 11,865 11,945 11,949 12,003

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,259 8,597 8,698 8,272 8,614 8,756 8,672 8,594 8,717

Participation rate

65.6 66.9 67.6 65.7 67.4 68.4 67.6 66.9 67.8

Employed

7,305 7,700 7,741 7,318 7,678 7,791 7,742 7,630 7,756

Employment-population ratio

58.0 60.0 60.2 58.1 60.1 60.9 60.4 59.4 60.3

Unemployed

954 897 957 953 936 965 930 964 962

Unemployment rate

11.6 10.4 11.0 11.5 10.9 11.0 10.7 11.2 11.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,423 9,723 9,561 9,463 9,591 9,591 9,624 9,709 9,598

Participation rate

61.0 62.0 60.9 61.2 61.4 61.4 61.5 61.9 61.2

Employed

8,459 8,801 8,800 8,476 8,559 8,682 8,720 8,786 8,812

Employment-population ratio

54.7 56.2 56.1 54.9 54.8 55.5 55.7 56.1 56.2

Unemployed

964 922 761 987 1,032 909 904 922 785

Unemployment rate

10.2 9.5 8.0 10.4 10.8 9.5 9.4 9.5 8.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

633 717 674 680 662 720 728 754 722

Participation rate

25.0 28.8 27.1 26.9 26.4 28.8 29.2 30.2 29.0

Employed

429 519 468 444 447 501 491 541 482

Employment-population ratio

17.0 20.8 18.8 17.5 17.9 20.1 19.7 21.7 19.4

Unemployed

204 198 206 236 215 219 237 213 240

Unemployment rate

32.2 27.6 30.6 34.7 32.4 30.4 32.5 28.2 33.2

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

13,493 13,927 13,886 - - - - - -

Civilian labor force

8,715 8,749 8,796 - - - - - -

Participation rate

64.6 62.8 63.3 - - - - - -

Employed

8,355 8,333 8,424 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

61.9 59.8 60.7 - - - - - -

Unemployed

360 416 372 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

4.1 4.8 4.2 - - - - - -

Not in labor force

4,778 5,178 5,090 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

37,955 38,760 38,839 37,955 38,512 38,596 38,679 38,760 38,839

Civilian labor force

24,807 25,753 25,630 24,814 25,410 25,491 25,665 25,655 25,644

Participation rate

65.4 66.4 66.0 65.4 66.0 66.0 66.4 66.2 66.0

Employed

22,741 24,076 23,995 22,731 23,536 23,718 23,931 23,963 23,988

Employment-population ratio

59.9 62.1 61.8 59.9 61.1 61.5 61.9 61.8 61.8

Unemployed

2,066 1,676 1,635 2,082 1,873 1,772 1,734 1,692 1,656

Unemployment rate

8.3 6.5 6.4 8.4 7.4 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.5

Not in labor force

13,148 13,007 13,209 13,142 13,102 13,106 13,013 13,105 13,196

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

13,799 14,337 14,299 - - - - - -

Participation rate

80.5 81.7 81.3 - - - - - -

Employed

12,766 13,503 13,490 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

74.4 77.0 76.7 - - - - - -

Unemployed

1,032 833 810 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

7.5 5.8 5.7 - - - - - -

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,978 10,307 10,167 - - - - - -

Participation rate

58.2 58.8 57.9 - - - - - -

Employed

9,174 9,645 9,535 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

53.5 55.0 54.3 - - - - - -

Unemployed

804 662 631 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

8.1 6.4 6.2 - - - - - -

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,030 1,109 1,164 - - - - - -

Participation rate

28.2 30.2 31.6 - - - - - -

Employed

800 928 970 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

21.9 25.2 26.4 - - - - - -

Unemployed

230 181 194 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

22.3 16.3 16.6 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,754 11,168 11,003 10,763 10,709 10,691 10,831 11,153 11,031

Participation rate

43.7 45.8 45.3 43.7 45.2 44.5 45.3 45.7 45.4

Employed

9,641 10,213 10,007 9,703 9,738 9,806 9,975 10,201 10,079

Employment-population ratio

39.2 41.9 41.2 39.4 41.1 40.8 41.7 41.8 41.5

Unemployed

1,113 955 996 1,060 971 884 856 952 952

Unemployment rate

10.4 8.6 9.1 9.9 9.1 8.3 7.9 8.5 8.6

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,473 35,432 35,281 36,292 36,286 35,937 36,183 35,478 35,164

Participation rate

58.4 57.7 57.7 58.1 58.1 57.9 58.0 57.8 57.5

Employed

33,894 33,499 33,406 33,743 34,046 34,016 34,127 33,476 33,310

Employment-population ratio

54.3 54.5 54.6 54.0 54.5 54.8 54.7 54.5 54.5

Unemployed

2,580 1,932 1,875 2,549 2,240 1,920 2,056 2,002 1,854

Unemployment rate

7.1 5.5 5.3 7.0 6.2 5.3 5.7 5.6 5.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

36,926 37,320 36,845 37,157 37,503 37,421 37,304 37,246 37,140

Participation rate

67.4 66.9 66.3 67.8 66.8 66.6 66.5 66.7 66.9

Employed

34,730 35,579 35,079 34,885 35,490 35,389 35,460 35,422 35,310

Employment-population ratio

63.4 63.7 63.2 63.7 63.2 63.0 63.2 63.5 63.6

Unemployed

2,197 1,742 1,766 2,272 2,013 2,032 1,843 1,824 1,831

Unemployment rate

5.9 4.7 4.8 6.1 5.4 5.4 4.9 4.9 4.9

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

49,612 51,342 51,727 49,704 50,162 50,449 50,471 51,222 51,772

Participation rate

75.0 74.9 74.5 75.2 74.7 74.7 74.6 74.7 74.6

Employed

48,053 49,799 50,350 48,039 48,561 48,983 48,937 49,608 50,290

Employment-population ratio

72.7 72.6 72.5 72.7 72.3 72.6 72.4 72.3 72.5

Unemployed

1,559 1,543 1,377 1,665 1,600 1,465 1,534 1,614 1,482

Unemployment rate

3.1 3.0 2.7 3.4 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.2 2.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,250 21,379 19,015 19,390 2,235 1,989

Civilian labor force

10,785 10,787 9,341 9,511 1,443 1,276

Participation rate

50.8 50.5 49.1 49.0 64.6 64.2

Employed

10,196 10,280 8,793 9,090 1,403 1,189

Employment-population ratio

48.0 48.1 46.2 46.9 62.8 59.8

Unemployed

588 507 548 420 41 87

Unemployment rate

5.5 4.7 5.9 4.4 2.8 6.8

Not in labor force

10,465 10,592 9,674 9,879 792 713

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,938 3,515 2,303 2,867 635 647

Civilian labor force

2,428 2,760 1,945 2,303 483 457

Participation rate

82.6 78.5 84.4 80.3 76.0 70.5

Employed

2,250 2,569 1,778 2,142 472 426

Employment-population ratio

76.6 73.1 77.2 74.7 74.3 65.9

Unemployed

178 191 166 161 11 30

Unemployment rate

7.3 6.9 8.6 7.0 2.3 6.6

Not in labor force

511 755 358 564 152 191

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,130 3,404 2,562 2,906 568 499

Civilian labor force

2,654 2,764 2,245 2,404 409 360

Participation rate

84.8 81.2 87.6 82.8 72.0 72.2

Employed

2,528 2,677 2,131 2,338 396 339

Employment-population ratio

80.7 78.6 83.2 80.5 69.8 68.1

Unemployed

127 87 114 67 13 21

Unemployment rate

4.8 3.2 5.1 2.8 3.1 5.7

Not in labor force

476 640 317 501 159 139

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

9,656 9,125 9,298 8,801 358 324

Civilian labor force

2,691 2,457 2,599 2,355 92 102

Participation rate

27.9 26.9 28.0 26.8 25.7 31.4

Employed

2,542 2,350 2,455 2,259 87 91

Employment-population ratio

26.3 25.8 26.4 25.7 24.2 28.0

Unemployed

149 107 144 96 5 11

Unemployment rate

5.6 4.3 5.5 4.1 5.9 10.9

Not in labor force

6,965 6,668 6,699 6,446 266 222

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,526 5,335 4,852 4,816 674 519

Civilian labor force

3,011 2,806 2,552 2,448 460 358

Participation rate

54.5 52.6 52.6 50.8 68.2 69.0

Employed

2,877 2,684 2,428 2,351 448 333

Employment-population ratio

52.1 50.3 50.1 48.8 66.5 64.1

Unemployed

135 123 123 97 11 25

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.4 4.8 4.0 2.5 7.0

Not in labor force

2,514 2,529 2,300 2,368 214 161

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

216,600 218,754 95,615 96,447 120,985 122,307

Civilian labor force

141,800 142,814 71,750 72,318 70,050 70,496

Participation rate

65.5 65.3 75.0 75.0 57.9 57.6

Employed

132,788 135,302 66,919 68,161 65,869 67,141

Employment-population ratio

61.3 61.9 70.0 70.7 54.4 54.9

Unemployed

9,012 7,512 4,831 4,157 4,181 3,355

Unemployment rate

6.4 5.3 6.7 5.7 6.0 4.8

Not in labor force

74,800 75,940 23,865 24,129 50,935 51,811

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated weighting procedures.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,519 29,546 218,226 219,481

Civilian labor force

5,345 5,983 149,062 149,538

Participation rate

18.7 20.3 68.3 68.1

Employed

4,711 5,312 139,712 141,878

Employment-population ratio

16.5 18.0 64.0 64.6

Unemployed

634 671 9,350 7,660

Unemployment rate

11.9 11.2 6.3 5.1

Not in labor force

23,173 23,563 69,164 69,943

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,276 2,681 75,198 75,476

Participation rate

30.6 34.6 81.7 81.8

Employed

1,960 2,356 70,170 71,263

Employment-population ratio

26.3 30.4 76.2 77.3

Unemployed

316 326 5,028 4,213

Unemployment rate

13.9 12.1 6.7 5.6

Not in labor force

5,166 5,076 16,898 16,740

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,141 2,282 66,638 66,604

Participation rate

27.7 28.8 69.9 69.8

Employed

1,866 1,996 62,680 63,435

Employment-population ratio

24.1 25.2 65.8 66.5

Unemployed

275 287 3,958 3,169

Unemployment rate

12.9 12.6 5.9 4.8

Not in labor force

5,598 5,639 28,676 28,844

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

928 1,019 7,226 7,458

Participation rate

7.0 7.4 23.4 23.4

Employed

885 960 6,862 7,180

Employment-population ratio

6.6 6.9 22.3 22.6

Unemployed

43 59 364 279

Unemployment rate

4.7 5.8 5.0 3.7

Not in labor force

12,410 12,848 23,590 24,359

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

38,481 39,896 18,559 19,543 19,922 20,353

Civilian labor force

25,429 26,286 14,669 15,390 10,761 10,897

Participation rate

66.1 65.9 79.0 78.7 54.0 53.5

Employed

23,787 24,890 13,790 14,605 9,997 10,286

Employment-population ratio

61.8 62.4 74.3 74.7 50.2 50.5

Unemployed

1,642 1,396 879 785 763 611

Unemployment rate

6.5 5.3 6.0 5.1 7.1 5.6

Not in labor force

13,052 13,610 3,891 4,154 9,161 9,456

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

208,264 209,131 100,544 100,758 107,720 108,373

Civilian labor force

128,979 129,235 67,317 67,410 61,662 61,825

Participation rate

61.9 61.8 67.0 66.9 57.2 57.0

Employed

120,636 122,300 62,613 63,447 58,023 58,852

Employment-population ratio

57.9 58.5 62.3 63.0 53.9 54.3

Unemployed

8,342 6,936 4,704 3,963 3,639 2,973

Unemployment rate

6.5 5.4 7.0 5.9 5.9 4.8

Not in labor force

79,286 79,896 33,227 33,348 46,058 46,549

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,075 2,332 2,220 2,211 2,265 2,377 2,402 2,392 2,358

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,301 1,587 1,426 1,377 1,518 1,549 1,581 1,621 1,506

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

742 729 764 792 732 783 784 749 815

Unpaid family workers

32 16 30 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

142,348 145,335 144,970 142,460 144,111 144,254 144,982 144,939 145,101

Wage and salary workers(1)

133,911 136,379 136,371 133,943 135,641 135,452 136,016 136,093 136,415

Government

20,280 20,034 20,098 20,129 20,027 19,751 19,885 19,956 19,956

Private industries

113,631 116,345 116,272 113,822 115,553 115,738 116,059 116,144 116,469

Private households

837 791 771 - - - - - -

Other industries

112,794 115,554 115,501 112,946 114,787 114,968 115,281 115,361 115,676

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,380 8,911 8,540 8,504 8,483 8,669 8,908 8,794 8,660

Unpaid family workers

57 44 59 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,990 6,713 6,970 7,766 7,223 7,058 7,012 6,851 6,790

Slack work or business conditions

5,022 3,999 4,176 4,881 4,217 4,165 4,215 4,068 4,061

Could only find part-time work

2,579 2,399 2,377 2,623 2,546 2,528 2,437 2,447 2,432

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,194 20,868 20,089 18,816 19,538 19,579 19,793 19,971 19,730

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,848 6,597 6,855 7,652 7,152 6,941 6,911 6,731 6,699

Slack work or business conditions

4,927 3,931 4,100 4,785 4,178 4,088 4,149 3,997 3,983

Could only find part-time work

2,570 2,380 2,372 2,606 2,557 2,518 2,407 2,412 2,411

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,836 20,519 19,732 18,502 19,171 19,235 19,443 19,594 19,416

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

144,423 147,666 147,190 144,671 146,451 146,607 147,260 147,331 147,442

16 to 19 years

4,300 4,569 4,592 4,488 4,495 4,527 4,772 4,762 4,784

16 to 17 years

1,439 1,629 1,609 1,509 1,500 1,522 1,626 1,663 1,678

18 to 19 years

2,860 2,939 2,983 2,965 2,998 2,992 3,141 3,065 3,090

20 years and over

140,124 143,098 142,598 140,183 141,956 142,081 142,488 142,569 142,658

20 to 24 years

13,806 14,007 13,755 13,911 13,884 13,817 14,088 13,939 13,847

25 years and over

126,318 129,090 128,843 126,341 128,022 128,278 128,522 128,673 128,860

25 to 54 years

94,708 96,191 95,985 94,709 95,627 95,653 95,772 95,856 95,975

25 to 34 years

31,651 32,490 32,452 31,571 32,013 32,089 32,228 32,271 32,354

35 to 44 years

30,736 31,131 30,987 30,768 30,953 31,025 30,994 31,018 31,021

45 to 54 years

32,321 32,569 32,546 32,370 32,661 32,539 32,550 32,567 32,600

55 years and over

31,609 32,900 32,858 31,632 32,395 32,625 32,750 32,817 32,885

Men, 16 years and over

76,403 78,208 78,052 76,757 77,873 78,094 78,286 78,084 78,400

16 to 19 years

2,128 2,286 2,251 2,252 2,206 2,204 2,358 2,409 2,374

16 to 17 years

690 811 801 719 717 744 785 847 828

18 to 19 years

1,438 1,474 1,450 1,518 1,498 1,451 1,584 1,552 1,531

20 years and over

74,275 75,922 75,801 74,505 75,668 75,889 75,928 75,675 76,026

20 to 24 years

7,020 7,156 7,083 7,112 7,225 7,195 7,337 7,114 7,167

25 years and over

67,255 68,766 68,718 67,433 68,462 68,685 68,673 68,593 68,890

25 to 54 years

50,540 51,419 51,326 50,666 51,252 51,384 51,327 51,282 51,448

25 to 34 years

17,021 17,449 17,532 17,032 17,330 17,366 17,367 17,336 17,534

35 to 44 years

16,583 16,850 16,702 16,629 16,734 16,805 16,802 16,784 16,748

45 to 54 years

16,936 17,120 17,092 17,005 17,188 17,214 17,159 17,162 17,166

55 years and over

16,714 17,346 17,392 16,767 17,210 17,300 17,346 17,311 17,441

Women, 16 years and over

68,021 69,459 69,138 67,914 68,577 68,514 68,974 69,247 69,042

16 to 19 years

2,172 2,283 2,341 2,236 2,289 2,322 2,414 2,353 2,410

16 to 17 years

749 818 808 790 783 778 841 816 850

18 to 19 years

1,422 1,465 1,533 1,447 1,500 1,541 1,557 1,513 1,559

20 years and over

65,849 67,176 66,797 65,678 66,289 66,192 66,560 66,894 66,632

20 to 24 years

6,786 6,852 6,672 6,800 6,659 6,622 6,751 6,825 6,680

25 years and over

59,063 60,324 60,125 58,907 59,560 59,594 59,849 60,080 59,970

25 to 54 years

44,168 44,771 44,658 44,043 44,375 44,268 44,445 44,574 44,527

25 to 34 years

14,630 15,041 14,919 14,539 14,684 14,723 14,861 14,935 14,820

35 to 44 years

14,153 14,282 14,285 14,139 14,219 14,220 14,192 14,234 14,273

45 to 54 years

15,385 15,448 15,454 15,366 15,473 15,325 15,391 15,406 15,434

55 years and over

14,895 15,553 15,467 14,865 15,185 15,325 15,404 15,506 15,443

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

44,030 44,482 44,610 44,002 44,293 44,322 44,380 44,267 44,588

Married women, spouse present

34,807 35,108 34,921 34,516 34,722 34,799 34,833 34,799 34,645

Women who maintain families

9,230 9,385 9,330 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

116,661 119,441 119,394 117,240 118,758 119,310 119,681 119,507 119,934

Part-time workers(2)

27,762 28,225 27,796 27,434 27,681 27,347 27,690 27,775 27,506

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

6,934 7,549 7,308 6,907 7,114 7,171 7,674 7,403 7,285

Percent of total employed

4.8 5.1 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.0 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,433 5,585 5,666 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,122 9,640 9,304 9,297 9,214 9,452 9,692 9,543 9,475

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

10,376 9,071 8,688 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6

16 to 19 years

1,150 1,013 963 20.4 19.4 19.8 18.7 17.5 16.8

16 to 17 years

477 359 389 24.0 23.1 20.5 22.3 17.8 18.8

18 to 19 years

667 656 561 18.4 17.6 19.9 16.8 17.6 15.4

20 years and over

9,226 8,059 7,725 6.2 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.1

20 to 24 years

1,731 1,706 1,673 11.1 10.7 11.5 10.5 10.9 10.8

25 years and over

7,503 6,390 6,068 5.6 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.5

25 to 54 years

5,845 4,871 4,761 5.8 5.3 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7

25 to 34 years

2,362 2,082 2,015 7.0 6.8 6.2 6.2 6.1 5.9

35 to 44 years

1,752 1,410 1,389 5.4 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3

45 to 54 years

1,730 1,378 1,356 5.1 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.0

55 years and over

1,700 1,532 1,352 5.1 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.5 3.9

Men, 16 years and over

5,626 4,877 4,810 6.8 6.2 5.9 5.6 5.9 5.8

16 to 19 years

608 523 565 21.3 21.2 21.8 19.5 17.8 19.2

16 to 17 years

244 213 207 25.3 24.7 21.3 25.5 20.1 20.0

18 to 19 years

350 310 341 18.7 19.8 22.6 16.7 16.6 18.2

20 years and over

5,018 4,354 4,245 6.3 5.7 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.3

20 to 24 years

942 949 940 11.7 11.5 12.6 10.4 11.8 11.6

25 years and over

4,069 3,436 3,312 5.7 5.1 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.6

25 to 54 years

3,138 2,584 2,545 5.8 5.3 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.7

25 to 34 years

1,309 1,113 1,067 7.1 6.6 5.8 6.0 6.0 5.7

35 to 44 years

937 731 753 5.3 4.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3

45 to 54 years

892 740 725 5.0 4.3 4.0 3.8 4.1 4.1

55 years and over

931 851 768 5.3 4.4 4.0 4.3 4.7 4.2

Women, 16 years and over

4,750 4,195 3,878 6.5 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.3

16 to 19 years

542 490 398 19.5 17.6 17.8 17.8 17.2 14.2

16 to 17 years

233 146 182 22.8 21.5 19.8 19.0 15.2 17.6

18 to 19 years

317 347 221 18.0 15.4 17.2 17.0 18.6 12.4

20 years and over

4,208 3,705 3,479 6.0 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.0

20 to 24 years

789 757 732 10.4 9.7 10.2 10.7 10.0 9.9

25 years and over

3,434 2,954 2,756 5.5 5.2 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.4

25 to 54 years

2,707 2,287 2,216 5.8 5.4 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.7

25 to 34 years

1,053 970 949 6.8 7.1 6.6 6.4 6.1 6.0

35 to 44 years

816 679 636 5.5 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.3

45 to 54 years

839 638 631 5.2 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.0 3.9

55 years and over

768 680 598 4.9 4.7 3.9 3.7 4.2 3.7

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

1,790 1,468 1,388 3.9 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.0

Married women, spouse present

1,594 1,243 1,129 4.4 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.2

Women who maintain families(1)

884 843 791 8.7 9.3 8.3 8.7 8.2 7.8

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

8,655 7,592 7,249 6.9 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.7

Part-time workers(3)

1,738 1,500 1,438 6.0 5.5 5.7 5.0 5.1 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5,460 4,182 4,355 5,421 4,813 4,521 4,349 4,480 4,325

On temporary layoff

1,109 876 1,034 1,014 1,106 924 847 1,070 959

Not on temporary layoff

4,351 3,306 3,320 4,408 3,708 3,597 3,501 3,410 3,366

Permanent job losers

3,192 2,365 2,340 3,256 2,622 2,653 2,505 2,446 2,388

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,159 941 980 1,151 1,086 944 997 964 977

Job leavers

802 830 741 860 851 816 782 835 798

Reentrants

2,715 2,656 2,422 3,027 2,845 2,805 2,856 2,761 2,701

New entrants

1,007 962 814 1,198 1,064 1,094 1,058 1,045 971

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

54.7 48.5 52.3 51.6 50.3 49.0 48.1 49.1 49.2

On temporary layoff

11.1 10.2 12.4 9.6 11.5 10.0 9.4 11.7 10.9

Not on temporary layoff

43.6 38.3 39.9 42.0 38.7 39.0 38.7 37.4 38.3

Job leavers

8.0 9.6 8.9 8.2 8.9 8.8 8.6 9.2 9.1

Reentrants

27.2 30.8 29.1 28.8 29.7 30.4 31.6 30.3 30.7

New entrants

10.1 11.2 9.8 11.4 11.1 11.8 11.7 11.5 11.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3.5 2.7 2.8 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8

Job leavers

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.8 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7

New entrants

0.7 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,236 2,231 2,261 2,323 2,609 2,372 2,455 2,505 2,375

5 to 14 weeks

2,376 2,256 2,149 2,525 2,444 2,495 2,322 2,378 2,293

15 weeks and over

5,372 4,144 3,922 5,557 4,465 4,373 4,321 4,225 4,059

15 to 26 weeks

1,619 1,374 1,229 1,680 1,500 1,423 1,416 1,403 1,274

27 weeks and over

3,753 2,770 2,693 3,877 2,966 2,951 2,904 2,822 2,785

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

36.2 34.1 32.4 36.8 31.9 31.8 32.9 33.0 32.8

Median duration, in weeks

17.5 13.6 13.0 17.0 13.3 13.3 13.5 12.8 12.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

22.4 25.8 27.1 22.3 27.4 25.7 27.0 27.5 27.2

5 to 14 weeks

23.8 26.1 25.8 24.3 25.7 27.0 25.5 26.1 26.3

15 weeks and over

53.8 48.0 47.1 53.4 46.9 47.3 47.5 46.4 46.5

15 to 26 weeks

16.2 15.9 14.8 16.1 15.8 15.4 15.6 15.4 14.6

27 weeks and over

37.6 32.1 32.3 37.3 31.2 31.9 31.9 31.0 31.9

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014

Total, 16 years and over(1)

144,423 147,190 9,984 8,331 6.5 5.4

Management, professional, and related occupations

54,880 56,888 1,637 1,568 2.9 2.7

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

22,754 23,191 729 596 3.1 2.5

Professional and related occupations

32,126 33,697 908 972 2.7 2.8

Service occupations

25,704 25,745 2,127 1,859 7.6 6.7

Sales and office occupations

33,631 33,455 2,279 1,716 6.3 4.9

Sales and related occupations

15,450 15,848 1,043 831 6.3 5.0

Office and administrative support occupations

18,181 17,607 1,237 885 6.4 4.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

12,988 13,248 1,369 1,171 9.5 8.1

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

868 871 135 177 13.4 16.9

Construction and extraction occupations

7,094 7,466 973 763 12.1 9.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,026 4,911 262 230 5.0 4.5

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,220 17,854 1,512 1,168 8.1 6.1

Production occupations

8,471 8,669 707 573 7.7 6.2

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,749 9,185 804 595 8.4 6.1

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014

Total, 16 years and over(1)

9,984 8,331 6.5 5.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

7,662 6,341 6.3 5.2

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

38 45 3.6 4.1

Construction

958 680 11.4 8.3

Manufacturing

854 596 5.5 3.9

Durable goods

571 368 5.8 3.8

Nondurable goods

283 228 5.0 4.2

Wholesale and retail trade

1,253 1,125 6.2 5.3

Transportation and utilities

379 261 6.2 4.2

Information

133 167 4.8 5.7

Financial activities

394 328 4.2 3.4

Professional and business services

1,139 903 7.3 5.8

Education and health services

897 868 4.0 3.8

Leisure and hospitality

1,194 1,022 9.0 7.5

Other services

423 346 6.6 5.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

170 189 12.0 12.1

Government workers

627 574 3.0 2.8

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

518 412 5.3 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2013
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Aug.
2014
Sept.
2014
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.5 2.7 2.5 3.6 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.5 2.7 2.8 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

6.5 5.5 5.4 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

7.0 5.9 5.8 7.2 6.6 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.0

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

7.9 6.8 6.7 8.1 7.4 7.3 7.1 7.1 6.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

13.0 11.0 11.1 13.1 12.0 11.7 11.5 11.4 11.2

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014
Dec.
2013
Dec.
2014

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

92,338 93,506 37,118 37,501 55,220 56,005

Persons who currently want a job

5,932 6,212 2,781 2,984 3,151 3,227

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,427 2,260 1,236 1,169 1,191 1,091

Discouraged workers(2)

917 740 524 441 394 299

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,510 1,520 712 727 798 792

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

6,934 7,308 3,254 3,538 3,679 3,771

Percent of total employed

4.8 5.0 4.3 4.5 5.4 5.5

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,550 3,924 1,824 2,142 1,726 1,782

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,969 1,986 662 681 1,308 1,306

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

273 232 183 144 90 87

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,091 1,109 567 544 524 565

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Change from:
Nov.2014 - Dec.2014(p)

Total nonfarm

138,269 140,811 141,321 141,256 137,395 139,742 140,095 140,347 252

Total private

116,061 118,501 118,896 118,951 115,541 117,817 118,162 118,402 240

Goods-producing

18,703 19,487 19,396 19,240 18,811 19,218 19,269 19,336 67

Mining and logging

879 935 931 928 882 927 929 931 2

Logging

54.8 58.4 57.8 56.8 54.3 55.6 56.6 56.1 -0.5

Mining

824.0 876.9 873.3 871.3 828.0 871.5 872.2 875.3 3.1

Oil and gas extraction

204.3 215.2 215.3 216.2 204.3 215.1 215.7 216.1 0.4

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

206.4 215.0 212.4 208.3 210.1 211.9 211.4 211.9 0.5

Coal mining

79.9 77.2 76.7 76.0 79.9 77.3 76.8 76.1 -0.7

Support activities for mining

413.3 446.7 445.6 446.8 413.6 444.5 445.1 447.3 2.2

Construction

5,774 6,322 6,226 6,069 5,876 6,098 6,118 6,166 48

Construction of buildings

1,312.7 1,408.0 1,392.7 1,379.5 1,314.7 1,369.6 1,371.8 1,382.6 10.8

Residential building

632.9 693.7 687.4 676.2 632.8 673.4 676.5 677.3 0.8

Nonresidential building

679.8 714.3 705.3 703.3 681.9 696.2 695.3 705.3 10.0

Heavy and civil engineering construction

840.2 990.3 956.2 899.1 880.0 927.9 926.3 937.9 11.6

Specialty trade contractors

3,620.6 3,923.8 3,877.4 3,790.2 3,681.1 3,800.8 3,820.1 3,845.6 25.5

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,544.3 1,701.8 1,676.3 1,632.4 1,578.3 1,641.9 1,653.2 1,665.9 12.7

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,076.3 2,222.0 2,201.1 2,157.8 2,102.8 2,158.9 2,166.9 2,179.7 12.8

Manufacturing

12,050 12,230 12,239 12,243 12,053 12,193 12,222 12,239 17

Durable goods

7,585 7,733 7,754 7,764 7,581 7,724 7,744 7,757 13

Wood products

356.9 373.8 374.1 370.4 357.9 371.7 372.4 371.5 -0.9

Nonmetallic mineral products

374.3 398.6 398.6 393.9 378.3 393.0 395.3 397.9 2.6

Primary metals

396.3 404.4 405.5 408.0 397.8 404.4 406.2 408.8 2.6

Fabricated metal products

1,444.7 1,468.4 1,469.7 1,474.7 1,445.2 1,465.6 1,468.6 1,473.2 4.6

Machinery

1,106.9 1,136.7 1,137.4 1,141.9 1,105.0 1,136.9 1,138.7 1,139.4 0.7

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,060.9 1,058.1 1,060.4 1,061.8 1,059.8 1,059.3 1,060.0 1,060.4 0.4

Computer and peripheral equipment

160.9 169.7 170.9 171.5 161.0 169.8 170.6 171.5 0.9

Communications equipment

100.1 96.2 96.7 96.3 99.6 96.3 96.7 96.0 -0.7

Semiconductors and electronic components

372.7 367.9 368.1 369.3 372.3 368.4 368.0 368.7 0.7

Electronic instruments

388.9 385.6 385.5 385.6 388.8 386.1 385.7 385.4 -0.3

Electrical equipment and appliances

377.8 372.1 373.0 372.2 376.5 371.9 372.2 371.0 -1.2

Transportation equipment(1)

1,523.4 1,561.8 1,573.2 1,578.2 1,517.1 1,563.8 1,571.3 1,573.4 2.1

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

844.1 875.4 885.3 888.2 838.5 875.0 882.2 884.0 1.8

Furniture and related products

362.3 374.7 376.7 378.6 363.8 376.3 377.7 379.4 1.7

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

581.4 584.4 585.8 584.7 579.2 581.5 582.0 582.0 0.0

Nondurable goods

4,465 4,497 4,485 4,479 4,472 4,469 4,478 4,482 4

Food manufacturing

1,483.5 1,489.2 1,479.5 1,477.4 1,484.8 1,471.0 1,474.6 1,476.8 2.2

Textile mills

117.7 116.9 116.9 116.6 118.0 116.8 116.8 116.7 -0.1

Textile product mills

112.5 113.2 113.6 113.2 111.8 112.7 112.4 112.4 0.0

Apparel

138.9 132.3 131.0 130.4 138.7 131.2 130.6 129.8 -0.8

Paper and paper products

378.1 370.7 370.8 371.5 377.7 371.4 371.3 371.2 -0.1

Printing and related support activities

445.0 438.8 439.4 438.9 443.5 438.0 438.0 437.3 -0.7

Petroleum and coal products

109.0 115.3 113.4 112.9 111.2 113.8 113.2 114.9 1.7

Chemicals

794.2 807.8 807.1 810.2 794.9 808.7 808.3 810.2 1.9

Plastics and rubber products

658.1 668.2 673.0 672.2 660.2 667.5 673.7 673.9 0.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

228.0 244.1 240.0 235.2 231.2 237.6 238.7 238.4 -0.3

Private service-providing

97,358 99,014 99,500 99,711 96,730 98,599 98,893 99,066 173

Trade, transportation, and utilities

26,884 26,647 27,139 27,405 26,156 26,561 26,640 26,663 23

Wholesale trade

5,805.0 5,903.6 5,907.4 5,913.0 5,796.8 5,892.2 5,897.5 5,907.5 10.0

Durable goods

2,898.1 2,956.9 2,954.7 2,964.3 2,897.2 2,953.3 2,956.9 2,964.3 7.4

Nondurable goods

1,996.4 2,026.1 2,031.1 2,024.4 1,993.8 2,020.2 2,022.0 2,023.1 1.1

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

910.5 920.6 921.6 924.3 905.8 918.7 918.6 920.1 1.5

Retail trade

15,828.8 15,480.9 15,915.1 16,084.1 15,261.7 15,447.9 15,503.6 15,511.3 7.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,812.4 1,879.1 1,882.1 1,878.3 1,823.2 1,871.9 1,883.1 1,889.1 6.0

Automobile dealers

1,152.2 1,194.1 1,198.1 1,197.1 1,157.0 1,190.3 1,198.2 1,202.0 3.8

Furniture and home furnishings stores

474.1 463.6 474.4 477.5 448.4 456.1 454.9 451.3 -3.6

Electronics and appliance stores

545.4 514.9 537.6 537.6 514.0 506.5 506.0 505.3 -0.7

Building material and garden supply stores

1,186.8 1,216.3 1,212.2 1,202.3 1,223.3 1,233.9 1,236.4 1,238.8 2.4

Food and beverage stores

3,006.5 3,032.8 3,056.0 3,069.9 2,977.3 3,028.7 3,034.1 3,039.8 5.7

Health and personal care stores

1,042.3 1,026.6 1,039.7 1,039.1 1,023.3 1,020.8 1,025.5 1,020.6 -4.9

Gasoline stations

869.6 884.0 887.3 883.2 871.7 882.4 885.1 885.0 -0.1

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,578.5 1,384.7 1,514.3 1,571.7 1,404.5 1,389.8 1,405.7 1,396.8 -8.9

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

671.4 602.7 652.5 674.0 616.9 599.9 610.0 614.3 4.3

General merchandise stores(1)

3,328.8 3,130.8 3,297.8 3,381.6 3,099.2 3,145.7 3,145.2 3,152.8 7.6

Department stores

1,505.4 1,324.0 1,431.2 1,489.1 1,344.4 1,336.1 1,330.0 1,330.6 0.6

Miscellaneous store retailers

804.6 835.2 823.1 825.5 790.3 812.8 811.1 813.0 1.9

Nonstore retailers

508.4 510.2 538.1 543.4 469.6 499.4 506.5 504.5 -2.0

Transportation and warehousing

4,699.9 4,708.5 4,761.1 4,850.7 4,546.6 4,665.9 4,682.8 4,685.9 3.1

Air transportation

452.5 459.1 459.1 457.3 453.4 460.3 460.6 457.8 -2.8

Rail transportation

232.5 241.6 242.5 242.0 233.1 240.7 241.9 242.3 0.4

Water transportation

65.5 67.7 66.8 67.3 66.4 66.8 67.6 68.1 0.5

Truck transportation

1,384.6 1,437.9 1,431.9 1,427.2 1,386.9 1,419.5 1,421.7 1,429.0 7.3

Transit and ground passenger transportation

471.1 479.7 480.7 481.5 453.5 461.2 463.1 463.3 0.2

Pipeline transportation

44.8 45.6 45.7 45.6 44.7 45.7 45.7 45.6 -0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

24.8 30.4 25.2 24.4 29.2 29.5 29.4 28.9 -0.5

Support activities for transportation

600.9 621.4 620.2 621.2 596.6 616.6 618.4 617.0 -1.4

Couriers and messengers

680.3 572.4 622.6 720.4 557.8 581.5 586.6 587.3 0.7

Warehousing and storage

742.9 752.7 766.4 763.8 725.0 744.1 747.8 746.6 -1.2

Utilities

550.3 554.3 555.1 557.4 551.3 554.5 556.3 558.2 1.9

Information

2,682 2,688 2,703 2,698 2,674 2,686 2,687 2,689 2

Publishing industries, except Internet

735.2 725.6 727.7 727.8 731.0 724.0 725.0 724.1 -0.9

Motion picture and sound recording industries

326.1 304.2 307.5 302.0 329.9 307.0 301.0 304.3 3.3

Broadcasting, except Internet

287.0 293.2 293.7 294.4 286.1 292.2 292.3 293.4 1.1

Telecommunications

862.2 868.6 874.1 873.2 858.1 868.7 870.4 870.1 -0.3

Data processing, hosting and related services

271.0 277.2 278.6 276.3 269.3 276.0 277.6 274.6 -3.0

Other information services

200.6 218.8 221.0 224.1 199.3 217.9 220.3 222.5 2.2

Financial activities

7,911 7,998 8,012 8,035 7,901 7,991 8,012 8,022 10

Finance and insurance

5,897.8 5,932.6 5,957.7 5,971.5 5,883.1 5,931.8 5,946.8 5,952.0 5.2

Monetary authorities - central bank

18.0 18.2 18.2 18.3 18.1 18.2 18.1 18.3 0.2

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,601.7 2,569.1 2,576.6 2,586.2 2,595.5 2,571.1 2,574.3 2,578.4 4.1

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,716.2 1,691.1 1,693.2 1,694.4 1,714.4 1,692.9 1,693.9 1,692.5 -1.4

Commercial banking

1,290.8 1,263.8 1,265.9 1,265.4 1,289.7 1,265.6 1,266.1 1,264.3 -1.8

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

869.8 886.3 888.1 886.1 868.5 886.7 887.6 884.3 -3.3

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,408.3 2,459.0 2,474.8 2,480.9 2,401.0 2,455.8 2,466.8 2,471.0 4.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,013.3 2,065.3 2,054.3 2,063.3 2,018.3 2,059.5 2,065.5 2,069.7 4.2

Real estate

1,472.1 1,490.3 1,486.6 1,495.9 1,469.0 1,486.5 1,491.6 1,493.2 1.6

Rental and leasing services

518.3 552.9 545.4 545.0 526.7 550.9 551.7 554.5 2.8

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

22.9 22.1 22.3 22.4 22.6 22.1 22.2 22.0 -0.2

Professional and business services

18,906 19,600 19,664 19,636 18,842 19,435 19,522 19,574 52

Professional and technical services(1)

8,235.7 8,415.3 8,470.7 8,521.4 8,200.8 8,439.0 8,477.2 8,489.8 12.6

Legal services

1,138.8 1,134.4 1,134.8 1,138.1 1,135.1 1,133.7 1,133.7 1,134.2 0.5

Accounting and bookkeeping services

918.8 909.9 936.3 965.7 915.2 969.0 983.1 969.0 -14.1

Architectural and engineering services

1,374.3 1,428.0 1,429.1 1,429.8 1,374.1 1,420.2 1,424.9 1,430.0 5.1

Computer systems design and related services

1,728.4 1,786.7 1,796.9 1,800.6 1,724.5 1,780.1 1,787.8 1,796.8 9.0

Management and technical consulting services

1,213.4 1,263.8 1,273.9 1,278.4 1,201.1 1,254.0 1,262.1 1,265.3 3.2

Management of companies and enterprises

2,113.7 2,140.6 2,146.0 2,153.4 2,109.3 2,141.2 2,146.5 2,150.3 3.8

Administrative and waste services

8,556.6 9,043.9 9,047.4 8,961.6 8,531.5 8,854.9 8,898.5 8,933.7 35.2

Administrative and support services(1)

8,184.6 8,660.8 8,665.2 8,582.1 8,156.3 8,474.1 8,516.0 8,550.4 34.4

Employment services(1)

3,550.1 3,797.6 3,826.6 3,817.4 3,458.8 3,682.7 3,710.4 3,726.6 16.2

Temporary help services

2,855.1 3,049.3 3,079.6 3,072.7 2,773.8 2,951.8 2,975.7 2,990.4 14.7

Business support services

881.1 882.0 893.5 902.1 859.5 871.4 874.9 879.2 4.3

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,828.8 1,991.3 1,951.8 1,866.3 1,907.4 1,944.8 1,942.8 1,944.7 1.9

Waste management and remediation services

372.0 383.1 382.2 379.5 375.2 380.8 382.5 383.3 0.8

Education and health services

21,419 21,829 21,916 21,906 21,242 21,635 21,676 21,724 48

Educational services

3,472.2 3,573.4 3,592.6 3,526.9 3,365.0 3,420.7 3,416.5 3,421.4 4.9

Health care and social assistance

17,947.2 18,255.5 18,323.4 18,378.8 17,876.7 18,214.0 18,259.0 18,302.7 43.7

Health care(3)

14,649.8 14,873.0 14,923.7 14,970.8 14,604.5 14,845.7 14,881.4 14,915.5 34.1

Ambulatory health care services(1)

6,592.8 6,772.3 6,808.9 6,826.8 6,567.3 6,753.9 6,781.4 6,797.6 16.2

Offices of physicians

2,477.2 2,516.4 2,529.0 2,536.2 2,461.2 2,510.9 2,519.5 2,520.3 0.8

Outpatient care centers

702.6 727.3 731.4 735.8 700.8 726.2 730.0 733.8 3.8

Home health care services

1,268.1 1,311.4 1,321.9 1,324.3 1,263.0 1,305.8 1,313.2 1,317.4 4.2

Hospitals

4,804.6 4,832.9 4,843.8 4,854.4 4,792.7 4,826.1 4,833.0 4,840.0 7.0

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,252.4 3,267.8 3,271.0 3,289.6 3,244.5 3,265.7 3,267.0 3,277.9 10.9

Nursing care facilities

1,652.0 1,653.6 1,653.6 1,655.0 1,647.8 1,651.2 1,650.3 1,651.5 1.2

Social assistance(1)

3,297.4 3,382.5 3,399.7 3,408.0 3,272.2 3,368.3 3,377.6 3,387.2 9.6

Child day care services

864.1 883.9 889.4 886.1 850.3 868.2 870.9 871.9 1.0

Leisure and hospitality

14,095 14,727 14,541 14,512 14,435 14,767 14,820 14,856 36

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,916.0 2,084.2 1,979.6 1,964.5 2,082.1 2,123.0 2,137.4 2,130.0 -7.4

Performing arts and spectator sports

412.5 459.7 441.8 436.7 430.6 455.7 457.2 455.5 -1.7

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

134.3 141.8 138.0 132.9 141.2 141.5 142.2 140.3 -1.9

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,369.2 1,482.7 1,399.8 1,394.9 1,510.3 1,525.8 1,538.0 1,534.2 -3.8

Accommodation and food services

12,178.8 12,642.3 12,561.8 12,547.2 12,353.3 12,643.6 12,682.1 12,726.1 44.0

Accommodation

1,800.4 1,862.8 1,818.6 1,812.7 1,866.2 1,871.0 1,878.0 1,878.4 0.4

Food services and drinking places

10,378.4 10,779.5 10,743.2 10,734.5 10,487.1 10,772.6 10,804.1 10,847.7 43.6

Other services

5,461 5,525 5,525 5,519 5,480 5,524 5,536 5,538 2

Repair and maintenance

1,203.8 1,220.7 1,218.3 1,213.7 1,211.1 1,216.2 1,221.1 1,221.1 0.0

Personal and laundry services

1,349.8 1,372.1 1,374.7 1,375.9 1,349.3 1,373.0 1,377.2 1,376.6 -0.6

Membership associations and organizations

2,907.4 2,931.9 2,932.0 2,929.7 2,919.3 2,935.2 2,938.1 2,940.4 2.3

Government

22,208 22,310 22,425 22,305 21,854 21,925 21,933 21,945 12

Federal

2,741.0 2,715.0 2,714.0 2,731.0 2,736.0 2,713.0 2,718.0 2,719.0 1.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,137.5 2,124.0 2,120.3 2,120.6 2,141.3 2,123.0 2,123.1 2,122.2 -0.9

U.S. Postal Service

603.3 590.6 593.7 610.2 594.3 590.3 595.2 597.0 1.8

State government

5,169.0 5,244.0 5,260.0 5,200.0 5,064.0 5,077.0 5,078.0 5,085.0 7.0

State government education

2,527.3 2,593.5 2,614.1 2,549.3 2,410.3 2,417.9 2,421.2 2,424.0 2.8

State government, excluding education

2,641.6 2,650.4 2,645.6 2,650.5 2,653.3 2,659.1 2,657.0 2,661.3 4.3

Local government

14,298.0 14,351.0 14,451.0 14,374.0 14,054.0 14,135.0 14,137.0 14,141.0 4.0

Local government education

8,093.3 8,072.1 8,167.6 8,131.7 7,773.3 7,815.7 7,815.2 7,817.2 2.0

Local government, excluding education

6,204.2 6,279.0 6,283.3 6,242.6 6,280.5 6,318.9 6,321.4 6,323.5 2.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.3 34.5 34.6 34.6

Goods-producing

40.4 40.6 40.7 40.7

Mining and logging

44.8 44.9 44.9 44.9

Construction

38.7 39.2 39.2 39.4

Manufacturing

40.9 40.9 41.1 41.0

Durable goods

41.4 41.4 41.6 41.4

Nondurable goods

40.2 40.1 40.4 40.2

Private service-providing

33.1 33.4 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.4 34.6 34.7 34.7

Wholesale trade

38.6 38.8 38.9 38.9

Retail trade

31.3 31.4 31.5 31.5

Transportation and warehousing

38.7 38.7 38.8 39.1

Utilities

42.0 42.6 42.6 42.1

Information

36.9 36.8 36.7 36.5

Financial activities

37.0 37.4 37.3 37.4

Professional and business services

36.0 36.2 36.2 36.2

Education and health services

32.6 32.8 32.8 32.7

Leisure and hospitality

25.7 26.2 26.3 26.3

Other services

31.6 31.7 31.8 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6

Durable goods

3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6

Nondurable goods

3.4 3.3 3.4 3.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)

Total private

$24.17 $24.56 $24.62 $24.57 $829.03 $847.32 $851.85 $850.12

Goods-producing

25.44 25.84 25.87 25.81 1,027.78 1,049.10 1,052.91 1,050.47

Mining and logging

30.59 30.93 30.93 30.61 1,370.43 1,388.76 1,388.76 1,374.39

Construction

26.35 26.85 26.90 26.83 1,019.75 1,052.52 1,054.48 1,057.10

Manufacturing

24.60 24.93 24.96 24.91 1,006.14 1,019.64 1,025.86 1,021.31

Durable goods

26.01 26.24 26.23 26.19 1,076.81 1,086.34 1,091.17 1,084.27

Nondurable goods

22.15 22.59 22.70 22.63 890.43 905.86 917.08 909.73

Private service-providing

23.87 24.26 24.33 24.28 790.10 810.28 812.62 810.95

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21.11 21.45 21.49 21.45 726.18 742.17 745.70 744.32

Wholesale trade

27.87 28.11 28.22 28.17 1,075.78 1,090.67 1,097.76 1,095.81

Retail trade

16.66 17.09 17.11 17.04 521.46 536.63 538.97 536.76

Transportation and warehousing

22.71 22.88 22.90 22.92 878.88 885.46 888.52 896.17

Utilities

35.51 35.75 35.97 35.86 1,491.42 1,522.95 1,532.32 1,509.71

Information

33.43 34.10 34.39 34.34 1,233.57 1,254.88 1,262.11 1,253.41

Financial activities

30.37 30.91 31.08 31.02 1,123.69 1,156.03 1,159.28 1,160.15

Professional and business services

28.78 29.29 29.33 29.27 1,036.08 1,060.30 1,061.75 1,059.57

Education and health services

24.55 24.82 24.97 24.89 800.33 814.10 819.02 813.90

Leisure and hospitality

13.65 14.07 14.08 14.08 350.81 368.63 370.30 370.30

Other services

21.72 22.02 22.07 22.09 686.35 698.03 701.83 702.46

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2014 - Dec.
2014(p)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2014 - Dec.
2014(p)

Total private

99.1 101.6 102.2 102.4 0.2 114.3 119.1 120.1 120.1 0.0

Goods-producing

86.6 88.9 89.3 89.7 0.4 99.6 103.8 104.5 104.6 0.1

Mining and logging

124.2 130.8 131.1 131.4 0.2 152.5 162.4 162.8 161.4 -0.9

Construction

78.4 82.4 82.7 83.7 1.2 89.7 96.1 96.6 97.6 1.0

Manufacturing

88.7 89.7 90.4 90.3 -0.1 101.5 104.0 104.9 104.6 -0.3

Durable goods

88.4 90.0 90.7 90.4 -0.3 102.1 104.9 105.7 105.2 -0.5

Nondurable goods

89.7 89.4 90.3 89.9 -0.4 100.8 102.5 104.0 103.2 -0.8

Private service-providing

102.5 105.4 105.7 105.9 0.2 118.6 124.0 124.7 124.7 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

97.9 100.0 100.5 100.6 0.1 111.2 115.4 116.3 116.2 -0.1

Wholesale trade

97.6 99.7 100.1 100.3 0.2 113.5 117.0 117.9 117.9 0.0

Retail trade

97.0 98.5 99.2 99.3 0.1 106.9 111.3 112.2 111.8 -0.4

Transportation and warehousing

100.7 103.3 104.0 104.9 0.9 116.1 120.0 120.8 122.0 1.0

Utilities

100.2 102.2 102.5 101.7 -0.8 117.5 120.7 121.9 120.5 -1.1

Information

90.1 90.3 90.1 89.6 -0.6 107.3 109.6 110.3 109.6 -0.6

Financial activities

95.7 97.9 97.9 98.3 0.4 113.4 118.0 118.7 118.9 0.2

Professional and business services

106.7 110.7 111.1 111.4 0.3 124.4 131.3 132.1 132.2 0.1

Education and health services

111.1 113.9 114.1 114.0 -0.1 128.5 133.2 134.2 133.7 -0.4

Leisure and hospitality

105.9 110.4 111.2 111.5 0.3 116.6 125.3 126.3 126.6 0.2

Other services

95.9 97.0 97.5 97.6 0.1 118.3 121.2 122.2 122.3 0.1

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)

Total nonfarm

67,961 68,993 69,118 69,245 49.5 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private

55,479 56,471 56,591 56,708 48.0 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing

4,133 4,216 4,220 4,232 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9

Mining and logging

117 125 126 127 13.3 13.5 13.6 13.6

Construction

746 778 780 784 12.7 12.8 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing

3,270 3,313 3,314 3,321 27.1 27.2 27.1 27.1

Durable goods

1,749 1,785 1,788 1,794 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1

Nondurable goods

1,521 1,528 1,526 1,527 34.0 34.2 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing

51,346 52,255 52,371 52,476 53.1 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,629 10,747 10,768 10,775 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.4

Wholesale trade

1,721.3 1,729.4 1,725.7 1,718.3 29.7 29.4 29.3 29.1

Retail trade

7,698.7 7,780.9 7,804.8 7,821.6 50.4 50.4 50.3 50.4

Transportation and warehousing

1,074.2 1,103.5 1,103.5 1,100.7 23.6 23.7 23.6 23.5

Utilities

134.9 133.4 133.7 133.9 24.5 24.1 24.0 24.0

Information

1,073 1,080 1,082 1,085 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.3

Financial activities

4,537 4,574 4,582 4,591 57.4 57.2 57.2 57.2

Professional and business services

8,406 8,666 8,704 8,725 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.6

Education and health services

16,311 16,623 16,651 16,701 76.8 76.8 76.8 76.9

Leisure and hospitality

7,517 7,665 7,677 7,687 52.1 51.9 51.8 51.7

Other services

2,873 2,900 2,907 2,912 52.4 52.5 52.5 52.6

Government

12,482 12,522 12,527 12,537 57.1 57.1 57.1 57.1

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)

Total private

95,471 97,290 97,550 97,743

Goods-producing

13,537 13,835 13,870 13,923

Mining and logging

649 676 677 679

Construction

4,444 4,589 4,599 4,637

Manufacturing

8,444 8,570 8,594 8,607

Durable goods

5,203 5,319 5,328 5,336

Nondurable goods

3,241 3,251 3,266 3,271

Private service-providing

81,934 83,455 83,680 83,820

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22,109 22,394 22,454 22,460

Wholesale trade

4,676.1 4,758.5 4,755.2 4,763.5

Retail trade

13,056.4 13,155.2 13,197.6 13,193.9

Transportation and warehousing

3,930.8 4,033.1 4,054.2 4,052.6

Utilities

445.9 446.9 446.9 449.9

Information

2,165 2,182 2,182 2,186

Financial activities

6,087 6,169 6,180 6,195

Professional and business services

15,611 16,091 16,151 16,183

Education and health services

18,649 19,001 19,037 19,080

Leisure and hospitality

12,746 13,031 13,067 13,105

Other services

4,567 4,587 4,609 4,611

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.5 33.8 33.8 33.9

Goods-producing

41.2 41.6 41.7 41.7

Mining and logging

46.9 47.5 47.7 47.7

Construction

39.0 39.9 39.8 40.1

Manufacturing

41.9 42.1 42.2 42.2

Durable goods

42.3 42.5 42.6 42.5

Nondurable goods

41.2 41.4 41.7 41.6

Private service-providing

32.3 32.5 32.5 32.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8

Wholesale trade

38.6 38.5 38.6 38.6

Retail trade

30.0 30.0 30.1 30.3

Transportation and warehousing

38.4 38.4 38.5 38.9

Utilities

41.7 42.5 42.6 42.1

Information

36.1 36.2 36.2 36.0

Financial activities

36.6 36.8 36.8 36.8

Professional and business services

35.2 35.6 35.7 35.7

Education and health services

31.9 32.1 32.1 32.1

Leisure and hospitality

24.8 25.1 25.2 25.2

Other services

30.6 30.8 30.7 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.5 4.4 4.6 4.6

Durable goods

4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7

Nondurable goods

4.3 4.2 4.5 4.5

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)

Total private

$20.35 $20.70 $20.74 $20.68 $681.73 $699.66 $701.01 $701.05

Goods-producing

21.38 21.71 21.72 21.71 880.86 903.14 905.72 905.31

Mining and logging

26.87 27.09 27.13 26.72 1,260.20 1,286.78 1,294.10 1,274.54

Construction

24.35 24.80 24.82 24.75 949.65 989.52 987.84 992.48

Manufacturing

19.45 19.66 19.68 19.70 814.96 827.69 830.50 831.34

Durable goods

20.50 20.72 20.73 20.75 867.15 880.60 883.10 881.88

Nondurable goods

17.72 17.88 17.93 17.96 730.06 740.23 747.68 747.14

Private service-providing

20.13 20.48 20.53 20.47 650.20 665.60 667.23 667.32

Trade, transportation, and utilities

17.94 18.36 18.41 18.29 600.99 616.90 620.42 618.20

Wholesale trade

22.84 23.33 23.51 23.39 881.62 898.21 907.49 902.85

Retail trade

14.14 14.47 14.46 14.28 424.20 434.10 435.25 432.68

Transportation and warehousing

20.13 20.60 20.68 20.72 772.99 791.04 796.18 806.01

Utilities

32.78 32.94 33.04 33.10 1,366.93 1,399.95 1,407.50 1,393.51

Information

28.35 28.54 28.61 28.40 1,023.44 1,033.15 1,035.68 1,022.40

Financial activities

24.24 24.91 25.05 25.07 887.18 916.69 921.84 922.58

Professional and business services

23.93 24.24 24.24 24.16 842.34 862.94 865.37 862.51

Education and health services

21.52 21.75 21.82 21.81 686.49 698.18 700.42 700.10

Leisure and hospitality

11.92 12.24 12.26 12.26 295.62 307.22 308.95 308.95

Other services

18.27 18.52 18.59 18.58 559.06 570.42 570.71 572.26

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2014 - Dec.
2014(p)
Dec.
2013
Oct.
2014
Nov.
2014(p)
Dec.
2014(p)
Percent change from:
Nov.
2014 - Dec.
2014(p)

Total private

106.6 109.6 109.9 110.4 0.5 144.9 151.6 152.3 152.6 0.2

Goods-producing

85.2 87.9 88.4 88.7 0.3 111.6 116.9 117.6 117.9 0.3

Mining and logging

161.7 170.6 171.6 172.1 0.3 252.8 268.8 270.8 267.5 -1.2

Construction

86.8 91.7 91.6 93.1 1.6 114.1 122.8 122.8 124.4 1.3

Manufacturing

81.2 82.8 83.3 83.4 0.1 103.3 106.5 107.1 107.4 0.3

Durable goods

82.7 84.9 85.3 85.2 -0.1 105.8 109.9 110.4 110.4 0.0

Nondurable goods

78.7 79.3 80.2 80.2 0.0 98.5 100.2 101.7 101.8 0.1

Private service-providing

112.7 115.5 115.9 116.4 0.4 155.6 162.3 163.1 163.4 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

103.3 104.9 105.5 105.8 0.3 132.1 137.4 138.5 138.1 -0.3

Wholesale trade

106.3 107.9 108.1 108.3 0.2 143.0 148.3 149.7 149.2 -0.3

Retail trade

99.1 99.9 100.6 101.2 0.6 120.2 123.9 124.6 123.9 -0.6

Transportation and warehousing

113.6 116.6 117.5 118.7 1.0 145.1 152.3 154.1 156.0 1.2

Utilities

95.1 97.1 97.4 96.9 -0.5 130.1 133.5 134.3 133.8 -0.4

Information

89.2 90.2 90.2 89.8 -0.4 125.2 127.4 127.7 126.3 -1.1

Financial activities

104.9 106.9 107.1 107.3 0.2 156.4 163.8 165.0 165.5 0.3

Professional and business services

123.2 128.4 129.2 129.5 0.2 175.4 185.2 186.4 186.2 -0.1

Education and health services

127.0 130.2 130.4 130.7 0.2 180.3 186.8 187.8 188.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

115.8 119.8 120.6 121.0 0.3 156.7 166.5 167.9 168.4 0.3

Other services

98.0 99.1 99.2 99.6 0.4 130.5 133.7 134.4 134.8 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: January 09, 2015