Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until           USDL-16-1096
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 3, 2016

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- MAY 2016


The unemployment rate declined by 0.3 percentage point to 4.7 percent in May, and 
nonfarm payroll employment changed little (+38,000), the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Employment increased in health care. Mining continued 
to lose jobs, and employment in information decreased due to a strike.

Household Survey Data

In May, the unemployment rate declined by 0.3 percentage point to 4.7 percent, and 
the number of unemployed persons declined by 484,000 to 7.4 million. Both measures 
had shown little movement from August to April. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.3 percent), 
adult women (4.2 percent), Whites (4.1 percent), and Hispanics (5.6 percent) 
declined in May. The rates for teenagers (16.0 percent), Blacks (8.2 percent), and 
Asians (4.1 percent) showed little or no change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) declined 
by 178,000 to 1.9 million in May. These individuals accounted for 25.1 percent of 
the unemployed. The number of persons unemployed less than 5 weeks decreased by 
338,000 to 2.2 million. (See table A-12.)

The number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs declined by 
282,000 over the month to 3.6 million. (See table A-11.)

In May, the civilian labor force participation rate decreased by 0.2 percentage 
point to 62.6 percent.  The rate has declined by 0.4 percentage point over the 
past 2 months, offsetting gains in the first quarter. The employment-population 
ratio, at 59.7 percent, was unchanged in May. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (also referred to 
as involuntary part-time workers) increased by 468,000 to 6.4 million in May, 
after showing little movement since November. These individuals, who would have 
preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had 
been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In May, 1.7 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little 
changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These 
individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and 
had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as 
unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 
survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 538,000 discouraged workers in May, 
essentially unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.)  
Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they 
believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.2 million persons 
marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work for 
reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment changed little in May (+38,000). Job growth 
occurred in health care. Mining continued to lose jobs, and a strike resulted 
in job losses in information. (See table B-1.)

Health care added 46,000 jobs in May, with increases occurring in ambulatory 
health care services (+24,000), hospitals (+17,000), and nursing care facilities 
(+5,000). Over the year, health care employment has increased by 487,000.

In May, mining employment continued to decline (-10,000). Since reaching a
peak in September 2014, mining has lost 207,000 jobs. Support activities for 
mining accounted for three-fourths of the jobs lost during this period, including 
6,000 in May.

Employment in information declined by 34,000 in May. About 35,000 workers in the 
telecommunications industry were on strike and not on company payrolls during 
the survey reference period.

Within manufacturing, employment in durable goods declined by 18,000 in May, 
with job losses of 7,000 in machinery and 3,000 in furniture and related products.

Employment in professional and business services changed little in May (+10,000), 
after increasing by 55,000 in April. Within the industry, professional and 
technical services added 26,000 jobs in May, in line with average monthly gains 
over the prior 12 months. Employment in temporary help services was little changed 
over the month (-21,000) but is down by 64,000 thus far this year.

Employment in other major industries, including construction, wholesale trade, 
retail trade, transportation and warehousing, financial activities, leisure and 
hospitality, and government, changed little over the month.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged 
at 34.4 hours in May. The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.1 hour to 40.8 
hours, and manufacturing overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek 
for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was 
unchanged at 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In May, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls 
increased by 5 cents to $25.59, following an increase of 9 cents in April. Over 
the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.5 percent. Average hourly 
earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 
3 cents to $21.49 in May. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for March was revised from +208,000 
to +186,000, and the change for April was revised from +160,000 to +123,000. With 
these revisions, employment gains in March and April combined were 59,000 less 
than previously reported. Over the past 3 months, job gains have averaged 116,000 
per month.

_____________
The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 8, 
2016, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016	Change from: Apr. 2016- May 2016
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	250,455	252,768	252,969	253,174	205
Civilian labor force	157,367	159,286	158,924	158,466	-458
Participation rate	62.8	63.0	62.8	62.6	-0.2
Employed	148,748	151,320	151,004	151,030	26
Employment-population ratio	59.4	59.9	59.7	59.7	0.0
Unemployed	8,619	7,966	7,920	7,436	-484
Unemployment rate	5.5	5.0	5.0	4.7	-0.3
Not in labor force	93,089	93,482	94,044	94,708	664
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	5.5	5.0	5.0	4.7	-0.3
Adult men (20 years and over)	5.0	4.5	4.6	4.3	-0.3
Adult women (20 years and over)	5.0	4.6	4.5	4.2	-0.3
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	17.8	15.9	16.0	16.0	0.0
White	4.7	4.3	4.3	4.1	-0.2
Black or African American	10.2	9.0	8.8	8.2	-0.6
Asian	4.1	4.0	3.8	4.1	0.3
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	6.7	5.6	6.1	5.6	-0.5
Total, 25 years and over	4.4	4.1	4.1	3.8	-0.3
Less than a high school diploma	8.5	7.4	7.5	7.1	-0.4
High school graduates, no college	5.7	5.4	5.4	5.1	-0.3
Some college or associate degree	4.4	4.1	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Bachelor's degree and higher	2.7	2.6	2.4	2.4	0.0
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	4,263	3,835	3,855	3,573	-282
Job leavers	823	833	851	796	-55
Reentrants	2,584	2,495	2,357	2,209	-148
New entrants	963	778	839	865	26
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,397	2,412	2,545	2,207	-338
5 to 14 weeks	2,507	2,205	2,131	2,239	108
15 to 26 weeks	1,286	1,178	1,304	1,173	-131
27 weeks and over	2,491	2,213	2,063	1,885	-178
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	6,600	6,123	5,962	6,430	468
Slack work or business conditions	3,883	3,631	3,709	3,890	181
Could only find part-time work	2,371	2,154	2,009	2,086	77
Part time for noneconomic reasons	19,950	20,428	20,469	20,606	137
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force	1,862	1,720	1,715	1,713	-
Discouraged workers	563	585	568	538	-
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	273	186	123	38
Total private	256	167	130	25
Goods-producing	5	-7	-14	-36
Mining and logging	-20	-15	-11	-11
Construction	17	37	-5	-15
Manufacturing	8	-29	2	-10
Durable goods(1)	2	-25	2	-18
Motor vehicles and parts	5.0	-1.0	6.6	-0.5
Nondurable goods	6	-4	0	8
Private service-providing	251	174	144	61
Wholesale trade	6.7	3.6	1.8	-10.3
Retail trade	26.9	42.4	-5.1	11.4
Transportation and warehousing	11.2	5.7	10.1	-0.5
Utilities	1.1	-0.9	-0.2	-1.3
Information	2	8	3	-34
Financial activities	9	14	18	8
Professional and business services(1)	80	31	55	10
Temporary help services	11.7	-1.8	5.0	-21.0
Education and health services(1)	57	46	46	67
Health care and social assistance	61.5	36.7	31.8	55.4
Leisure and hospitality	49	18	11	11
Other services	8	6	5	-1
Government	17	19	-7	13
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	203	196	181	116
Total private	196	181	173	107
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	49.3	49.5	49.5	49.5
Total private women employees	47.9	48.1	48.1	48.1
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.5	82.4	82.3	82.3
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.5	34.4	34.4	34.4
Average hourly earnings	$24.97	$25.45	$25.54	$25.59
Average weekly earnings	$861.47	$875.48	$878.58	$880.30
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	103.5	105.0	105.1	105.2
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	123.5	127.8	128.4	128.6
Over-the-month percent change	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.2
DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (262 industries)	62.0	56.3	53.8	51.3
Manufacturing (79 industries)	53.8	34.8	45.6	43.7
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 623,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-65,000 to +165,000 (50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	250,455	252,969	253,174	250,455	252,397	252,577	252,768	252,969	253,174
Civilian labor force	157,719	158,488	158,800	157,367	158,335	158,890	159,286	158,924	158,466
Participation rate	63.0	62.7	62.7	62.8	62.7	62.9	63.0	62.8	62.6
Employed	149,349	151,075	151,594	148,748	150,544	151,074	151,320	151,004	151,030
Employment-population ratio	59.6	59.7	59.9	59.4	59.6	59.8	59.9	59.7	59.7
Unemployed	8,370	7,413	7,207	8,619	7,791	7,815	7,966	7,920	7,436
Unemployment rate	5.3	4.7	4.5	5.5	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.7
Not in labor force	92,736	94,481	94,374	93,089	94,062	93,688	93,482	94,044	94,708
Persons who currently want a job	6,536	5,671	6,449	6,047	5,973	5,870	5,712	5,793	5,923
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	120,927	122,213	122,316	120,927	121,926	122,017	122,112	122,213	122,316
Civilian labor force	84,020	84,323	84,524	83,820	84,238	84,673	84,765	84,641	84,332
Participation rate	69.5	69.0	69.1	69.3	69.1	69.4	69.4	69.3	68.9
Employed	79,474	80,302	80,673	79,168	80,104	80,491	80,543	80,419	80,369
Employment-population ratio	65.7	65.7	66.0	65.5	65.7	66.0	66.0	65.8	65.7
Unemployed	4,546	4,021	3,851	4,652	4,134	4,181	4,222	4,222	3,963
Unemployment rate	5.4	4.8	4.6	5.5	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.7
Not in labor force	36,907	37,890	37,792	37,107	37,688	37,344	37,347	37,572	37,984
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	112,498	113,746	113,844	112,498	113,483	113,566	113,653	113,746	113,844
Civilian labor force	81,102	81,655	81,637	80,855	81,333	81,667	81,815	81,748	81,407
Participation rate	72.1	71.8	71.7	71.9	71.7	71.9	72.0	71.9	71.5
Employed	77,137	78,028	78,241	76,807	77,704	77,991	78,096	77,999	77,917
Employment-population ratio	68.6	68.6	68.7	68.3	68.5	68.7	68.7	68.6	68.4
Unemployed	3,965	3,628	3,396	4,048	3,629	3,677	3,719	3,749	3,490
Unemployment rate	4.9	4.4	4.2	5.0	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.3
Not in labor force	31,396	32,090	32,208	31,644	32,151	31,898	31,838	31,998	32,437
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	129,528	130,756	130,858	129,528	130,471	130,561	130,656	130,756	130,858
Civilian labor force	73,699	74,164	74,276	73,547	74,097	74,217	74,520	74,284	74,134
Participation rate	56.9	56.7	56.8	56.8	56.8	56.8	57.0	56.8	56.7
Employed	69,875	70,773	70,921	69,580	70,440	70,583	70,777	70,586	70,661
Employment-population ratio	53.9	54.1	54.2	53.7	54.0	54.1	54.2	54.0	54.0
Unemployed	3,824	3,391	3,356	3,967	3,657	3,634	3,743	3,698	3,473
Unemployment rate	5.2	4.6	4.5	5.4	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.7
Not in labor force	55,829	56,592	56,582	55,981	56,374	56,344	56,135	56,472	56,725
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	121,342	122,524	122,622	121,342	122,263	122,345	122,433	122,524	122,622
Civilian labor force	70,874	71,329	71,366	70,712	71,171	71,313	71,610	71,302	71,218
Participation rate	58.4	58.2	58.2	58.3	58.2	58.3	58.5	58.2	58.1
Employed	67,493	68,346	68,496	67,175	67,940	68,094	68,293	68,072	68,209
Employment-population ratio	55.6	55.8	55.9	55.4	55.6	55.7	55.8	55.6	55.6
Unemployed	3,381	2,983	2,870	3,538	3,231	3,219	3,317	3,230	3,009
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.2	4.0	5.0	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.2
Not in labor force	50,467	51,196	51,256	50,629	51,092	51,032	50,823	51,223	51,404
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,615	16,699	16,708	16,615	16,651	16,666	16,682	16,699	16,708
Civilian labor force	5,743	5,504	5,797	5,800	5,832	5,909	5,860	5,875	5,841
Participation rate	34.6	33.0	34.7	34.9	35.0	35.5	35.1	35.2	35.0
Employed	4,718	4,701	4,857	4,766	4,901	4,990	4,931	4,934	4,904
Employment-population ratio	28.4	28.2	29.1	28.7	29.4	29.9	29.6	29.5	29.4
Unemployed	1,025	802	940	1,033	931	920	929	941	937
Unemployment rate	17.8	14.6	16.2	17.8	16.0	15.6	15.9	16.0	16.0
Not in labor force	10,872	11,195	10,911	10,815	10,819	10,757	10,822	10,824	10,867
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	196,673	197,906	198,013	196,673	197,639	197,718	197,809	197,906	198,013
Civilian labor force	124,087	124,416	124,590	123,796	124,362	124,748	125,018	124,749	124,299
Participation rate	63.1	62.9	62.9	62.9	62.9	63.1	63.2	63.0	62.8
Employed	118,457	119,337	119,686	117,991	119,029	119,442	119,674	119,369	119,222
Employment-population ratio	60.2	60.3	60.4	60.0	60.2	60.4	60.5	60.3	60.2
Unemployed	5,630	5,079	4,904	5,805	5,333	5,306	5,345	5,380	5,077
Unemployment rate	4.5	4.1	3.9	4.7	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.1
Not in labor force	72,586	73,490	73,423	72,877	73,277	72,970	72,791	73,157	73,714
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	64,942	65,093	65,104	64,754	65,002	65,304	65,296	65,178	64,932
Participation rate	72.3	72.0	72.0	72.1	72.0	72.3	72.3	72.1	71.8
Employed	62,297	62,583	62,777	62,009	62,482	62,787	62,739	62,600	62,498
Employment-population ratio	69.4	69.2	69.4	69.1	69.2	69.5	69.4	69.2	69.1
Unemployed	2,645	2,510	2,327	2,746	2,520	2,517	2,557	2,578	2,434
Unemployment rate	4.1	3.9	3.6	4.2	3.9	3.9	3.9	4.0	3.7
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,619	55,023	54,925	54,457	54,753	54,803	55,142	54,984	54,754
Participation rate	57.7	57.8	57.7	57.6	57.6	57.6	58.0	57.8	57.5
Employed	52,347	52,991	53,017	52,110	52,603	52,659	52,992	52,798	52,775
Employment-population ratio	55.3	55.7	55.7	55.1	55.4	55.4	55.7	55.5	55.4
Unemployed	2,271	2,032	1,908	2,347	2,150	2,144	2,149	2,185	1,979
Unemployment rate	4.2	3.7	3.5	4.3	3.9	3.9	3.9	4.0	3.6
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,526	4,300	4,560	4,585	4,607	4,641	4,580	4,587	4,612
Participation rate	36.7	34.8	36.9	37.2	37.4	37.7	37.1	37.2	37.4
Employed	3,812	3,763	3,892	3,872	3,944	3,995	3,942	3,970	3,949
Employment-population ratio	30.9	30.5	31.5	31.4	32.0	32.4	32.0	32.2	32.0
Unemployed	714	537	668	712	663	645	638	617	664
Unemployment rate	15.8	12.5	14.7	15.5	14.4	13.9	13.9	13.4	14.4
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	31,326	31,792	31,828	31,326	31,679	31,716	31,753	31,792	31,828
Civilian labor force	19,443	19,368	19,424	19,434	19,536	19,569	19,513	19,413	19,410
Participation rate	62.1	60.9	61.0	62.0	61.7	61.7	61.5	61.1	61.0
Employed	17,489	17,779	17,865	17,450	17,821	17,851	17,759	17,700	17,822
Employment-population ratio	55.8	55.9	56.1	55.7	56.3	56.3	55.9	55.7	56.0
Unemployed	1,953	1,590	1,559	1,984	1,716	1,718	1,754	1,713	1,588
Unemployment rate	10.0	8.2	8.0	10.2	8.8	8.8	9.0	8.8	8.2
Not in labor force	11,883	12,423	12,403	11,892	12,143	12,147	12,240	12,379	12,417
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,927	8,964	8,926	8,902	8,844	8,910	8,881	9,013	8,889
Participation rate	68.7	67.7	67.4	68.5	67.1	67.5	67.2	68.1	67.1
Employed	7,994	8,157	8,248	7,987	8,101	8,146	8,112	8,155	8,218
Employment-population ratio	61.5	61.6	62.3	61.4	61.5	61.7	61.4	61.6	62.0
Unemployed	933	807	677	915	743	764	768	858	671
Unemployment rate	10.5	9.0	7.6	10.3	8.4	8.6	8.7	9.5	7.6
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,798	9,712	9,773	9,822	9,970	9,938	9,868	9,667	9,801
Participation rate	61.9	60.5	60.8	62.0	62.3	62.0	61.5	60.2	61.0
Employed	8,990	9,090	9,089	8,967	9,179	9,152	9,076	9,003	9,079
Employment-population ratio	56.8	56.6	56.6	56.6	57.4	57.1	56.6	56.1	56.5
Unemployed	808	622	684	855	791	786	792	665	722
Unemployment rate	8.2	6.4	7.0	8.7	7.9	7.9	8.0	6.9	7.4
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	718	693	726	710	722	720	764	732	720
Participation rate	28.8	27.6	28.9	28.5	28.9	28.8	30.5	29.2	28.7
Employed	506	533	528	496	540	552	571	542	525
Employment-population ratio	20.3	21.3	21.0	19.9	21.7	22.1	22.8	21.6	20.9
Unemployed	212	160	198	215	182	168	193	190	195
Unemployment rate	29.6	23.1	27.3	30.2	25.2	23.3	25.3	26.0	27.1
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	14,403	14,853	14,938	14,403	14,816	14,974	14,911	14,853	14,938
Civilian labor force	9,157	9,444	9,422	9,159	9,192	9,426	9,411	9,448	9,413
Participation rate	63.6	63.6	63.1	63.6	62.0	62.9	63.1	63.6	63.0
Employed	8,804	9,101	9,055	8,785	8,856	9,070	9,038	9,090	9,027
Employment-population ratio	61.1	61.3	60.6	61.0	59.8	60.6	60.6	61.2	60.4
Unemployed	353	343	367	374	337	355	373	357	386
Unemployment rate	3.9	3.6	3.9	4.1	3.7	3.8	4.0	3.8	4.1
Not in labor force	5,246	5,409	5,516	5,244	5,623	5,548	5,500	5,406	5,525
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	39,483	40,474	40,558	39,483	40,215	40,302	40,386	40,474	40,558
Civilian labor force	26,179	26,530	26,535	26,132	26,451	26,642	26,782	26,595	26,510
Participation rate	66.3	65.5	65.4	66.2	65.8	66.1	66.3	65.7	65.4
Employed	24,521	25,036	25,163	24,377	24,893	25,193	25,289	24,960	25,032
Employment-population ratio	62.1	61.9	62.0	61.7	61.9	62.5	62.6	61.7	61.7
Unemployed	1,658	1,493	1,372	1,755	1,558	1,449	1,493	1,636	1,478
Unemployment rate	6.3	5.6	5.2	6.7	5.9	5.4	5.6	6.1	5.6
Not in labor force	13,304	13,944	14,023	13,351	13,764	13,660	13,604	13,878	14,048
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	14,505	14,656	14,616	14,470	14,590	14,705	14,799	14,685	14,598
Participation rate	81.5	80.3	79.9	81.3	80.5	80.9	81.3	80.5	79.8
Employed	13,676	13,985	14,016	13,613	13,878	14,018	14,085	13,949	13,956
Employment-population ratio	76.8	76.7	76.7	76.5	76.5	77.2	77.4	76.5	76.3
Unemployed	829	671	600	857	712	688	714	736	642
Unemployment rate	5.7	4.6	4.1	5.9	4.9	4.7	4.8	5.0	4.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,575	10,768	10,696	10,533	10,649	10,742	10,814	10,744	10,667
Participation rate	58.8	58.3	57.8	58.6	58.0	58.4	58.7	58.2	57.6
Employed	9,936	10,099	10,134	9,849	10,022	10,167	10,218	10,041	10,058
Employment-population ratio	55.2	54.7	54.8	54.8	54.6	55.3	55.5	54.4	54.3
Unemployed	639	670	562	684	627	576	596	703	609
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.2	5.3	6.5	5.9	5.4	5.5	6.5	5.7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,099	1,105	1,223	1,129	1,212	1,194	1,168	1,166	1,244
Participation rate	29.7	29.4	32.5	30.5	32.5	31.9	31.1	31.0	33.0
Employed	910	952	1,014	915	994	1,008	986	969	1,017
Employment-population ratio	24.6	25.3	26.9	24.7	26.6	26.9	26.3	25.8	27.0
Unemployed	190	153	209	214	218	186	182	196	227
Unemployment rate	17.3	13.8	17.1	18.9	18.0	15.6	15.6	16.8	18.3
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	11,481	11,036	10,786	11,100	11,037	10,648	10,777	10,777	10,464
Participation rate	45.9	47.2	45.9	44.4	46.0	46.2	46.2	46.1	44.5
Employed	10,561	10,206	10,064	10,156	10,221	9,871	9,978	9,966	9,720
Employment-population ratio	42.2	43.7	42.8	40.6	42.6	42.8	42.8	42.7	41.3
Unemployed	919	830	722	944	816	777	799	812	744
Unemployment rate	8.0	7.5	6.7	8.5	7.4	7.3	7.4	7.5	7.1
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	35,442	35,635	35,688	35,380	35,347	35,626	35,615	35,501	35,536
Participation rate	57.4	57.4	57.4	57.3	57.8	57.5	57.4	57.2	57.1
Employed	33,515	33,785	33,993	33,347	33,475	33,747	33,688	33,567	33,728
Employment-population ratio	54.3	54.4	54.7	54.0	54.7	54.5	54.3	54.1	54.2
Unemployed	1,927	1,850	1,695	2,033	1,872	1,878	1,927	1,934	1,808
Unemployment rate	5.4	5.2	4.8	5.7	5.3	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.1
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	37,403	37,841	37,776	37,479	38,098	38,106	37,958	37,757	37,829
Participation rate	67.0	66.1	66.1	67.2	66.5	66.7	66.3	65.9	66.2
Employed	35,841	36,350	36,416	35,827	36,493	36,496	36,396	36,204	36,364
Employment-population ratio	64.2	63.5	63.7	64.2	63.7	63.9	63.6	63.2	63.7
Unemployed	1,562	1,491	1,361	1,651	1,605	1,610	1,562	1,553	1,465
Unemployment rate	4.2	3.9	3.6	4.4	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.1	3.9
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	52,052	53,428	53,448	51,989	52,674	53,112	53,447	53,316	53,398
Participation rate	75.2	74.4	74.4	75.1	73.8	73.8	74.5	74.3	74.3
Employed	50,722	52,223	52,247	50,567	51,358	51,805	52,051	52,025	52,113
Employment-population ratio	73.3	72.8	72.7	73.0	71.9	72.0	72.6	72.5	72.5
Unemployed	1,329	1,205	1,201	1,422	1,316	1,307	1,396	1,291	1,285
Unemployment rate	2.6	2.3	2.2	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.4	2.4
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,251	20,937	19,255	18,924	1,996	2,013
Civilian labor force	10,767	10,561	9,514	9,327	1,253	1,234
Participation rate	50.7	50.4	49.4	49.3	62.8	61.3
Employed	10,227	10,198	9,054	9,016	1,173	1,183
Employment-population ratio	48.1	48.7	47.0	47.6	58.8	58.8
Unemployed	541	363	460	312	81	51
Unemployment rate	5.0	3.4	4.8	3.3	6.4	4.1
Not in labor force	10,484	10,376	9,741	9,597	743	779
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,610	3,905	2,988	3,195	621	711
Civilian labor force	2,946	3,133	2,512	2,634	434	500
Participation rate	81.6	80.2	84.1	82.4	69.9	70.3
Employed	2,787	3,008	2,380	2,529	406	480
Employment-population ratio	77.2	77.0	79.6	79.1	65.4	67.5
Unemployed	160	125	132	105	28	20
Unemployment rate	5.4	4.0	5.3	4.0	6.3	4.0
Not in labor force	663	772	476	561	187	211
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,399	3,320	2,860	2,836	540	483
Civilian labor force	2,725	2,665	2,325	2,279	400	386
Participation rate	80.2	80.3	81.3	80.4	74.0	79.8
Employed	2,586	2,600	2,227	2,224	359	376
Employment-population ratio	76.1	78.3	77.9	78.4	66.5	77.8
Unemployed	139	65	98	55	41	10
Unemployment rate	5.1	2.4	4.2	2.4	10.1	2.5
Not in labor force	675	655	534	557	140	98
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	8,954	8,540	8,636	8,234	318	306
Civilian labor force	2,374	2,150	2,270	2,084	104	67
Participation rate	26.5	25.2	26.3	25.3	32.8	21.8
Employed	2,257	2,085	2,160	2,025	97	59
Employment-population ratio	25.2	24.4	25.0	24.6	30.4	19.4
Unemployed	118	66	110	59	8	7
Unemployment rate	5.0	3.1	4.8	2.8	7.5	-
Not in labor force	6,580	6,390	6,366	6,150	214	239
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,288	5,172	4,771	4,659	517	513
Civilian labor force	2,722	2,613	2,407	2,331	315	281
Participation rate	51.5	50.5	50.4	50.0	61.0	54.9
Employed	2,598	2,505	2,287	2,237	311	268
Employment-population ratio	49.1	48.4	47.9	48.0	60.1	52.2
Unemployed	124	107	119	94	5	14
Unemployment rate	4.6	4.1	5.0	4.0	1.5	4.9
Not in labor force	2,566	2,559	2,364	2,328	202	232
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	220,356	223,294	97,162	98,902	123,194	124,392
Civilian labor force	144,962	146,177	73,468	74,202	71,494	71,976
Participation rate	65.8	65.5	75.6	75.0	58.0	57.9
Employed	137,529	139,732	69,617	70,856	67,913	68,876
Employment-population ratio	62.4	62.6	71.7	71.6	55.1	55.4
Unemployed	7,432	6,445	3,851	3,345	3,581	3,100
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.4	5.2	4.5	5.0	4.3
Not in labor force	75,394	77,117	23,693	24,701	51,701	52,416
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	29,922	30,209	220,533	222,965
Civilian labor force	5,933	6,186	151,787	152,614
Participation rate	19.8	20.5	68.8	68.4
Employed	5,333	5,583	144,016	146,010
Employment-population ratio	17.8	18.5	65.3	65.5
Unemployed	600	603	7,771	6,604
Unemployment rate	10.1	9.7	5.1	4.3
Not in labor force	23,989	24,023	68,746	70,351
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,649	2,804	76,446	76,583
Participation rate	34.1	35.6	82.6	82.3
Employed	2,335	2,517	72,387	73,169
Employment-population ratio	30.1	32.0	78.2	78.6
Unemployed	314	287	4,059	3,414
Unemployment rate	11.9	10.2	5.3	4.5
Not in labor force	5,121	5,073	16,098	16,504
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,313	2,233	67,456	67,910
Participation rate	28.5	27.7	70.5	70.5
Employed	2,071	1,989	64,011	64,927
Employment-population ratio	25.6	24.7	66.9	67.4
Unemployed	242	245	3,445	2,983
Unemployment rate	10.5	11.0	5.1	4.4
Not in labor force	5,792	5,830	28,252	28,427
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	970	1,149	7,885	8,122
Participation rate	6.9	8.0	24.4	24.2
Employed	927	1,078	7,618	7,915
Employment-population ratio	6.6	7.6	23.6	23.6
Unemployed	43	71	267	207
Unemployment rate	4.5	6.2	3.4	2.5
Not in labor force	13,077	13,120	24,396	25,421
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	40,380	40,693	19,629	19,810	20,751	20,882
Civilian labor force	26,331	26,243	15,388	15,269	10,943	10,973
Participation rate	65.2	64.5	78.4	77.1	52.7	52.5
Employed	25,098	25,274	14,740	14,781	10,358	10,493
Employment-population ratio	62.2	62.1	75.1	74.6	49.9	50.3
Unemployed	1,233	969	648	489	585	480
Unemployment rate	4.7	3.7	4.2	3.2	5.3	4.4
Not in labor force	14,049	14,450	4,241	4,541	9,807	9,909
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	210,075	212,482	101,297	102,506	108,778	109,976
Civilian labor force	131,388	132,557	68,632	69,255	62,756	63,303
Participation rate	62.5	62.4	67.8	67.6	57.7	57.6
Employed	124,251	126,319	64,734	65,892	59,517	60,427
Employment-population ratio	59.1	59.4	63.9	64.3	54.7	54.9
Unemployed	7,137	6,238	3,899	3,362	3,239	2,875
Unemployment rate	5.4	4.7	5.7	4.9	5.2	4.5
Not in labor force	78,687	79,925	32,665	33,251	46,022	46,674
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,431	2,478	2,620	2,395	2,385	2,456	2,623	2,592	2,585
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,536	1,592	1,695	1,532	1,538	1,571	1,643	1,706	1,689
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	866	869	899	835	827	878	938	856	862
Unpaid family workers	30	17	26	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	146,918	148,597	148,974	146,336	148,115	148,620	148,704	148,377	148,429
Wage and salary workers(1)	137,648	139,607	139,978	137,201	139,371	139,815	139,703	139,411	139,574
Government	20,902	20,615	20,889	20,609	20,715	20,775	20,548	20,323	20,599
Private industries	116,746	118,992	119,089	116,616	118,690	119,024	119,223	119,136	119,011
Private households	770	747	732	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	115,976	118,245	118,357	115,859	118,025	118,332	118,584	118,390	118,282
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,207	8,941	8,914	9,133	8,699	8,735	8,869	8,872	8,816
Unpaid family workers	63	50	82	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	6,363	5,771	6,238	6,600	5,988	5,988	6,123	5,962	6,430
Slack work or business conditions	3,673	3,603	3,721	3,883	3,544	3,579	3,631	3,709	3,890
Could only find part-time work	2,434	1,994	2,162	2,371	2,134	2,104	2,154	2,009	2,086
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	20,192	21,460	20,888	19,950	20,311	20,615	20,428	20,469	20,606
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	6,272	5,690	6,188	6,491	5,851	5,897	6,032	5,874	6,372
Slack work or business conditions	3,624	3,546	3,685	3,819	3,467	3,519	3,575	3,651	3,828
Could only find part-time work	2,416	1,984	2,156	2,353	2,116	2,099	2,138	1,995	2,076
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,824	21,089	20,492	19,582	19,973	20,238	20,084	20,114	20,224
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	149,349	151,075	151,594	148,748	150,544	151,074	151,320	151,004	151,030
16 to 19 years	4,718	4,701	4,857	4,766	4,901	4,990	4,931	4,934	4,904
16 to 17 years	1,593	1,540	1,663	1,670	1,669	1,731	1,688	1,692	1,732
18 to 19 years	3,126	3,161	3,194	3,117	3,222	3,279	3,252	3,239	3,193
20 years and over	144,630	146,374	146,737	143,981	145,644	146,085	146,389	146,070	146,126
20 to 24 years	13,990	13,810	14,018	14,061	14,056	14,109	14,171	14,016	14,090
25 years and over	130,640	132,564	132,719	129,886	131,597	131,922	132,116	131,998	131,965
25 to 54 years	96,939	97,932	98,203	96,517	97,583	97,736	97,932	97,648	97,765
25 to 34 years	32,935	33,458	33,707	32,775	33,320	33,370	33,493	33,390	33,518
35 to 44 years	31,224	31,533	31,693	31,118	31,511	31,548	31,555	31,445	31,578
45 to 54 years	32,780	32,941	32,803	32,624	32,752	32,818	32,883	32,813	32,669
55 years and over	33,701	34,632	34,516	33,369	34,014	34,186	34,184	34,350	34,200
Men, 16 years and over	79,474	80,302	80,673	79,168	80,104	80,491	80,543	80,419	80,369
16 to 19 years	2,337	2,275	2,432	2,361	2,400	2,501	2,447	2,420	2,452
16 to 17 years	803	709	801	837	813	830	770	789	826
18 to 19 years	1,534	1,566	1,631	1,531	1,587	1,681	1,674	1,621	1,630
20 years and over	77,137	78,028	78,241	76,807	77,704	77,991	78,096	77,999	77,917
20 to 24 years	7,232	7,168	7,205	7,246	7,191	7,293	7,284	7,274	7,221
25 years and over	69,905	70,860	71,036	69,528	70,500	70,637	70,750	70,710	70,647
25 to 54 years	51,950	52,414	52,657	51,726	52,436	52,513	52,580	52,388	52,431
25 to 34 years	17,820	18,056	18,224	17,747	18,069	18,056	18,199	18,060	18,136
35 to 44 years	16,840	17,024	17,127	16,776	17,010	17,075	17,018	17,017	17,059
45 to 54 years	17,290	17,334	17,306	17,202	17,357	17,382	17,363	17,312	17,236
55 years and over	17,955	18,446	18,379	17,802	18,064	18,125	18,170	18,321	18,216
Women, 16 years and over	69,875	70,773	70,921	69,580	70,440	70,583	70,777	70,586	70,661
16 to 19 years	2,382	2,427	2,424	2,405	2,501	2,489	2,485	2,514	2,452
16 to 17 years	790	831	862	833	856	901	918	903	906
18 to 19 years	1,592	1,596	1,563	1,587	1,635	1,598	1,578	1,618	1,563
20 years and over	67,493	68,346	68,496	67,175	67,940	68,094	68,293	68,072	68,209
20 to 24 years	6,758	6,642	6,813	6,815	6,865	6,817	6,887	6,742	6,868
25 years and over	60,735	61,704	61,683	60,358	61,096	61,285	61,366	61,288	61,318
25 to 54 years	44,990	45,518	45,546	44,791	45,147	45,224	45,351	45,259	45,334
25 to 34 years	15,115	15,402	15,483	15,028	15,250	15,315	15,294	15,330	15,382
35 to 44 years	14,385	14,509	14,566	14,342	14,501	14,474	14,537	14,427	14,519
45 to 54 years	15,490	15,607	15,498	15,421	15,395	15,435	15,520	15,502	15,433
55 years and over	15,746	16,186	16,137	15,567	15,950	16,061	16,015	16,028	15,984
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	45,077	45,277	45,215	44,791	45,231	45,175	45,266	45,207	45,023
Married women, spouse present	35,035	35,333	35,279	34,893	34,997	35,100	35,387	35,227	35,158
Women who maintain families	9,787	9,678	9,831	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(1)	121,863	122,742	123,548	121,415	123,141	123,206	123,447	123,194	123,135
Part-time workers(2)	27,486	28,333	28,046	27,452	27,364	27,853	27,818	27,797	27,936
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	7,081	7,383	7,472	6,986	7,504	7,339	7,466	7,411	7,412
Percent of total employed	4.7	4.9	4.9	4.7	5.0	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.9
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	5,457	5,518	5,476	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	10,073	9,809	9,813	9,968	9,526	9,613	9,807	9,728	9,678
Footnotes (1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	8,619	7,920	7,436	5.5	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.7
16 to 19 years	1,033	941	937	17.8	16.0	15.6	15.9	16.0	16.0
16 to 17 years	398	415	394	19.3	17.9	18.8	19.2	19.7	18.5
18 to 19 years	628	504	536	16.8	14.9	13.8	14.0	13.5	14.4
20 years and over	7,586	6,979	6,500	5.0	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.6	4.3
20 to 24 years	1,577	1,357	1,269	10.1	8.2	8.6	8.4	8.8	8.3
25 years and over	6,028	5,618	5,261	4.4	4.0	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.8
25 to 54 years	4,748	4,319	4,074	4.7	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.0
25 to 34 years	2,007	1,822	1,777	5.8	5.1	5.1	5.2	5.2	5.0
35 to 44 years	1,418	1,298	1,137	4.4	4.0	3.8	3.9	4.0	3.5
45 to 54 years	1,323	1,199	1,160	3.9	3.5	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.4
55 years and over	1,287	1,298	1,189	3.7	3.7	3.8	3.9	3.6	3.4
Men, 16 years and over	4,652	4,222	3,963	5.5	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.7
16 to 19 years	604	473	473	20.4	17.4	16.8	17.0	16.4	16.2
16 to 17 years	237	204	197	22.1	19.8	21.4	22.8	20.6	19.3
18 to 19 years	361	247	271	19.1	16.1	14.5	14.3	13.2	14.3
20 years and over	4,048	3,749	3,490	5.0	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.3
20 to 24 years	899	762	699	11.0	9.0	9.3	9.1	9.5	8.8
25 years and over	3,184	2,985	2,823	4.4	3.9	4.0	4.0	4.1	3.8
25 to 54 years	2,467	2,269	2,135	4.6	4.0	4.0	4.1	4.2	3.9
25 to 34 years	1,067	1,023	975	5.7	5.0	5.0	4.9	5.4	5.1
35 to 44 years	741	636	593	4.2	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.4
45 to 54 years	659	610	567	3.7	3.3	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.2
55 years and over	717	716	687	3.9	3.7	4.0	4.0	3.8	3.6
Women, 16 years and over	3,967	3,698	3,473	5.4	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.7
16 to 19 years	430	468	464	15.2	14.5	14.3	14.6	15.7	15.9
16 to 17 years	161	211	196	16.2	16.1	16.3	16.0	18.9	17.8
18 to 19 years	267	257	265	14.4	13.8	13.1	13.6	13.7	14.5
20 years and over	3,538	3,230	3,009	5.0	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.2
20 to 24 years	678	595	570	9.0	7.3	7.9	7.6	8.1	7.7
25 years and over	2,843	2,633	2,438	4.5	4.2	4.1	4.3	4.1	3.8
25 to 54 years	2,281	2,050	1,939	4.8	4.5	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.1
25 to 34 years	940	799	802	5.9	5.2	5.1	5.4	5.0	5.0
35 to 44 years	677	663	544	4.5	4.4	4.1	4.2	4.4	3.6
45 to 54 years	664	588	593	4.1	3.8	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.7
55 years and over	590	590	527	3.7	3.5	3.5	3.8	3.6	3.2
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	1,326	1,258	1,209	2.9	2.6	2.6	2.9	2.7	2.6
Married women, spouse present	1,177	1,135	1,043	3.3	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.1	2.9
Women who maintain families(1)	717	695	694	6.8	7.1	7.0	6.8	6.7	6.6
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(2)	7,175	6,585	6,103	5.6	4.9	4.9	5.1	5.1	4.7
Part-time workers(3)	1,416	1,313	1,331	4.9	5.0	4.9	4.8	4.5	4.5
Footnotes (1) Not seasonally adjusted. (2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	3,962	3,716	3,322	4,263	3,664	3,749	3,835	3,855	3,573
On temporary layoff	818	748	645	1,041	923	960	921	841	829
Not on temporary layoff	3,144	2,968	2,677	3,222	2,741	2,790	2,914	3,014	2,744
Permanent job losers	2,175	2,065	1,955	2,211	1,876	1,969	2,068	2,058	1,982
Persons who completed temporary jobs	969	903	722	1,011	865	821	845	957	762
Job leavers	771	810	744	823	766	760	833	851	796
Reentrants	2,719	2,163	2,305	2,584	2,468	2,467	2,495	2,357	2,209
New entrants	918	724	835	963	827	833	778	839	865
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	47.3	50.1	46.1	49.4	47.4	48.0	48.3	48.8	48.0
On temporary layoff	9.8	10.1	9.0	12.1	11.9	12.3	11.6	10.6	11.1
Not on temporary layoff	37.6	40.0	37.1	37.3	35.5	35.7	36.7	38.2	36.9
Job leavers	9.2	10.9	10.3	9.5	9.9	9.7	10.5	10.8	10.7
Reentrants	32.5	29.2	32.0	29.9	31.9	31.6	31.4	29.8	29.7
New entrants	11.0	9.8	11.6	11.2	10.7	10.7	9.8	10.6	11.6
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	2.5	2.3	2.1	2.7	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.3
Job leavers	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Reentrants	1.7	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.4
New entrants	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,473	2,164	2,243	2,397	2,249	2,297	2,412	2,545	2,207
5 to 14 weeks	2,046	1,749	1,850	2,507	2,282	2,236	2,205	2,131	2,239
15 weeks and over	3,851	3,499	3,113	3,778	3,224	3,297	3,391	3,367	3,058
15 to 26 weeks	1,346	1,390	1,219	1,286	1,135	1,132	1,178	1,304	1,173
27 weeks and over	2,505	2,109	1,894	2,491	2,089	2,165	2,213	2,063	1,885
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	31.9	29.8	27.8	30.5	28.9	29.0	28.4	27.7	26.7
Median duration, in weeks	12.6	13.2	11.4	11.6	10.9	11.2	11.4	11.4	10.7
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	29.5	29.2	31.1	27.6	29.0	29.3	30.1	31.6	29.4
5 to 14 weeks	24.4	23.6	25.7	28.9	29.4	28.6	27.5	26.5	29.8
15 weeks and over	46.0	47.2	43.2	43.5	41.6	42.1	42.4	41.9	40.8
15 to 26 weeks	16.1	18.8	16.9	14.8	14.6	14.5	14.7	16.2	15.6
27 weeks and over	29.9	28.5	26.3	28.7	26.9	27.7	27.6	25.7	25.1
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016
Total, 16 years and over(1)	149,349	151,594	8,370	7,207	5.3	4.5
Management, professional, and related occupations	58,155	59,613	1,460	1,305	2.4	2.1
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	23,891	24,907	709	606	2.9	2.4
Professional and related occupations	34,264	34,706	751	699	2.1	2.0
Service occupations	26,296	26,931	1,853	1,533	6.6	5.4
Sales and office occupations	33,838	33,235	1,909	1,541	5.3	4.4
Sales and related occupations	15,962	15,721	987	850	5.8	5.1
Office and administrative support occupations	17,876	17,515	923	690	4.9	3.8
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,754	13,941	977	827	6.6	5.6
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,086	1,227	112	113	9.3	8.4
Construction and extraction occupations	7,821	7,964	632	519	7.5	6.1
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,847	4,750	233	196	4.6	4.0
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	17,306	17,873	1,212	1,154	6.5	6.1
Production occupations	8,481	8,725	549	569	6.1	6.1
Transportation and material moving occupations	8,825	9,148	664	584	7.0	6.0
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016
Total, 16 years and over(1)	8,370	7,207	5.3	4.5
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	6,379	5,473	5.2	4.4
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	72	96	7.2	11.1
Construction	569	461	6.7	5.2
Manufacturing	702	738	4.6	4.7
Durable goods	405	466	4.1	4.7
Nondurable goods	297	272	5.4	4.8
Wholesale and retail trade	1,237	981	6.0	5.0
Transportation and utilities	261	254	4.2	3.9
Information	90	134	3.3	5.2
Financial activities	214	178	2.3	1.8
Professional and business services	963	713	6.1	4.3
Education and health services	806	679	3.5	2.9
Leisure and hospitality	1,117	933	7.9	6.6
Other services	348	305	5.3	4.6
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	151	116	9.2	6.5
Government workers	491	452	2.3	2.1
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	431	330	4.1	3.2
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	May 2015	Apr. 2016	May 2016	May 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016	May 2016
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.4	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.1	1.9
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	2.5	2.3	2.1	2.7	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.3
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	5.3	4.7	4.5	5.5	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.7
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	5.6	5.0	4.9	5.8	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.0
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	6.4	5.7	5.6	6.6	6.2	6.0	6.0	6.0	5.7
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	10.4	9.3	9.4	10.7	9.9	9.7	9.8	9.7	9.7
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016	May 2015	May 2016
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	92,736	94,374	36,907	37,792	55,829	56,582
Persons who currently want a job	6,536	6,449	2,969	3,061	3,567	3,388
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	1,862	1,713	918	896	945	817
Discouraged workers(2)	563	538	327	339	236	199
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,300	1,175	591	557	709	617
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	7,081	7,472	3,441	3,677	3,641	3,796
Percent of total employed	4.7	4.9	4.3	4.6	5.2	5.4
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,796	4,052	1,993	2,237	1,803	1,815
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,870	2,140	640	725	1,229	1,415
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	284	256	183	176	102	80
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,093	970	598	507	496	462
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	Change from: Apr.2016 - May2016(p)
Total nonfarm	142,233	142,895	143,941	144,592	141,496	143,733	143,856	143,894	38
Total private	119,879	120,413	121,440	122,137	119,508	121,650	121,780	121,805	25
Goods-producing	19,611	19,288	19,494	19,644	19,574	19,675	19,661	19,625	-36
Mining and logging	821	703	692	687	824	717	706	695	-11
Logging	50.9	49.1	46.6	47.8	52.2	51.2	49.9	49.3	-0.6
Mining	769.7	653.7	645.1	638.8	771.5	666.0	655.9	645.7	-10.2
Oil and gas extraction	192.5	176.2	172.7	172.7	193.2	177.9	175.6	173.9	-1.7
Mining, except oil and gas	203.5	181.1	183.6	184.6	200.5	186.6	184.5	182.1	-2.4
Coal mining	66.4	56.3	55.3	53.5	66.4	56.6	55.5	53.9	-1.6
Metal ore mining	42.5	38.2	37.7	38.4	42.4	38.6	38.0	38.3	0.3
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	94.6	86.6	90.6	92.7	91.6	91.5	90.9	89.9	-1.0
Support activities for mining	373.7	296.4	288.8	281.5	377.8	301.5	295.8	289.7	-6.1
Construction	6,482	6,355	6,560	6,695	6,426	6,665	6,660	6,645	-15
Construction of buildings	1,410.8	1,415.6	1,440.9	1,460.8	1,413.3	1,465.3	1,470.2	1,463.9	-6.3
Residential building	689.9	689.5	708.9	724.0	690.4	719.6	725.3	724.1	-1.2
Nonresidential building	720.9	726.1	732.0	736.8	722.9	745.7	744.9	739.8	-5.1
Heavy and civil engineering construction	954.1	871.5	935.4	960.7	930.7	950.6	945.9	937.7	-8.2
Specialty trade contractors	4,117.0	4,068.1	4,183.2	4,273.7	4,081.9	4,249.0	4,243.6	4,243.4	-0.2
Residential specialty trade contractors	1,788.6	1,785.8	1,839.0	1,881.1	1,765.5	1,873.6	1,862.7	1,859.5	-3.2
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,328.4	2,282.3	2,344.2	2,392.6	2,316.4	2,375.4	2,380.9	2,383.9	3.0
Manufacturing	12,308	12,230	12,242	12,262	12,324	12,293	12,295	12,285	-10
Durable goods	7,769	7,680	7,689	7,684	7,767	7,703	7,705	7,687	-18
Wood products	378.3	376.9	380.2	383.9	376.6	382.4	382.3	383.0	0.7
Nonmetallic mineral products	400.8	391.9	398.7	404.7	396.4	401.3	399.8	400.4	0.6
Primary metals	394.8	377.5	375.4	375.8	395.0	377.6	377.3	376.7	-0.6
Fabricated metal products	1,465.3	1,428.1	1,429.6	1,427.8	1,466.6	1,433.5	1,432.9	1,430.0	-2.9
Machinery	1,125.6	1,090.5	1,086.1	1,077.6	1,127.3	1,090.3	1,086.6	1,079.3	-7.3
Computer and electronic products	1,051.7	1,040.8	1,040.3	1,040.7	1,053.1	1,042.9	1,043.1	1,042.3	-0.8
Computer and peripheral equipment	160.4	162.8	162.7	162.8	160.8	163.3	163.4	162.8	-0.6
Communications equipment	88.7	84.9	84.8	84.1	88.7	85.0	84.7	84.1	-0.6
Semiconductors and electronic components	368.1	362.5	362.4	365.0	369.1	363.7	364.4	366.3	1.9
Electronic instruments	398.7	395.6	395.4	393.5	398.6	395.7	395.5	393.8	-1.7
Miscellaneous computer and electronic products	35.8	35.0	35.0	35.3	35.8	35.2	35.1	35.3	0.2
Electrical equipment and appliances	383.5	383.6	383.5	381.9	384.1	384.5	384.7	382.7	-2.0
Transportation equipment(1)	1,598.7	1,608.4	1,610.6	1,608.7	1,598.5	1,604.4	1,612.5	1,609.3	-3.2
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	910.2	926.0	929.0	929.3	908.9	923.2	929.8	929.3	-0.5
Furniture and related products	378.2	388.0	387.3	384.4	377.7	388.7	387.4	384.0	-3.4
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	592.0	594.4	596.8	598.7	591.7	597.8	598.5	599.1	0.6
Nondurable goods	4,539	4,550	4,553	4,578	4,557	4,590	4,590	4,598	8
Food manufacturing	1,484.0	1,495.2	1,494.9	1,503.3	1,503.2	1,518.6	1,519.3	1,522.5	3.2
Textile mills	118.3	114.3	114.3	113.7	117.6	114.2	113.8	113.1	-0.7
Textile product mills	116.3	116.5	115.9	117.3	116.7	117.5	117.2	117.6	0.4
Apparel	135.8	133.7	133.0	132.4	136.3	133.8	133.7	133.0	-0.7
Paper and paper products	372.2	370.4	371.1	372.2	372.4	372.5	371.9	372.6	0.7
Printing and related support activities	449.3	444.4	443.9	445.6	448.8	445.4	445.3	445.5	0.2
Petroleum and coal products	114.0	112.7	114.2	116.6	113.0	115.7	115.4	115.7	0.3
Chemicals	807.8	817.6	815.3	817.4	809.2	818.2	817.5	818.5	1.0
Plastics and rubber products	687.9	690.1	690.3	695.6	686.1	691.4	690.3	693.7	3.4
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	253.1	255.5	259.7	264.1	254.0	262.9	265.4	265.3	-0.1
Private service-providing	100,268	101,125	101,946	102,493	99,934	101,975	102,119	102,180	61
Trade, transportation, and utilities	26,791	26,965	27,055	27,207	26,861	27,280	27,286	27,286	0
Wholesale trade	5,881.2	5,895.0	5,910.6	5,923.1	5,867.9	5,919.7	5,921.5	5,911.2	-10.3
Durable goods	2,936.1	2,940.3	2,944.3	2,942.8	2,932.2	2,947.3	2,950.0	2,939.1	-10.9
Nondurable goods	2,040.3	2,043.7	2,055.8	2,064.5	2,031.5	2,057.7	2,058.0	2,057.2	-0.8
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	904.8	911.0	910.5	915.8	904.2	914.7	913.5	914.9	1.4
Retail trade	15,543.0	15,688.7	15,753.5	15,862.3	15,604.7	15,921.7	15,916.6	15,928.0	11.4
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,931.8	1,978.9	1,987.2	1,999.0	1,924.1	1,990.1	1,990.7	1,992.3	1.6
Automobile dealers	1,234.8	1,277.6	1,279.9	1,284.5	1,233.9	1,282.3	1,283.3	1,284.1	0.8
Other motor vehicle dealers	150.2	146.3	150.4	155.1	144.5	150.2	149.7	149.7	0.0
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores	546.8	555.0	556.9	559.4	545.8	557.6	557.7	558.4	0.7
Furniture and home furnishings stores	463.7	472.2	471.1	475.8	470.6	478.9	479.1	482.1	3.0
Electronics and appliance stores	507.8	522.9	519.1	516.1	523.3	530.9	531.9	531.8	-0.1
Building material and garden supply stores	1,309.0	1,278.0	1,328.4	1,352.8	1,236.4	1,281.8	1,278.2	1,277.2	-1.0
Food and beverage stores	3,060.4	3,061.6	3,069.8	3,090.2	3,065.0	3,095.1	3,093.8	3,094.6	0.8
Health and personal care stores	1,026.7	1,035.7	1,038.6	1,044.7	1,032.0	1,042.3	1,045.5	1,048.5	3.0
Gasoline stations	905.0	908.8	916.4	922.9	900.0	920.9	921.3	919.9	-1.4
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,315.6	1,333.8	1,329.0	1,331.8	1,361.7	1,387.7	1,383.8	1,379.7	-4.1
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	607.2	616.7	610.4	615.0	625.8	633.9	630.1	633.3	3.2
General merchandise stores	3,085.5	3,147.9	3,137.5	3,154.8	3,127.9	3,192.1	3,191.3	3,199.5	8.2
Department stores	1,295.3	1,289.2	1,286.0	1,286.2	1,329.6	1,322.5	1,322.0	1,319.9	-2.1
Other general merchandise stores	1,790.2	1,858.7	1,851.5	1,868.6	1,798.3	1,869.6	1,869.3	1,879.6	10.3
Miscellaneous store retailers	830.5	811.5	825.5	841.7	825.5	836.7	838.6	837.4	-1.2
Nonstore retailers	499.8	520.7	520.5	517.5	512.4	531.3	532.3	531.7	-0.6
Transportation and warehousing	4,809.3	4,818.0	4,829.1	4,858.3	4,831.1	4,874.0	4,884.1	4,883.6	-0.5
Air transportation	454.9	462.5	466.2	469.4	454.1	464.8	467.2	468.4	1.2
Rail transportation	246.9	218.8	218.0	217.3	246.3	219.8	217.6	216.9	-0.7
Water transportation	65.8	60.2	61.5	63.2	65.5	61.9	62.4	62.7	0.3
Truck transportation	1,452.7	1,434.2	1,444.2	1,457.1	1,455.8	1,462.4	1,462.8	1,460.4	-2.4
Transit and ground passenger transportation	492.8	490.6	491.9	495.4	477.2	477.2	478.5	479.1	0.6
Pipeline transportation	49.6	48.6	48.9	48.6	49.6	48.8	48.9	48.8	-0.1
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	34.4	22.4	26.2	31.2	32.0	28.9	29.5	28.8	-0.7
Support activities for transportation	648.2	649.4	649.8	646.5	648.3	652.5	650.1	647.4	-2.7
Couriers and messengers	569.7	593.9	579.9	584.7	598.2	611.1	613.8	614.8	1.0
Warehousing and storage	794.3	837.4	842.5	844.9	804.1	846.6	853.3	856.3	3.0
Utilities	557.7	562.9	562.0	563.0	557.1	564.4	564.2	562.9	-1.3
Information	2,748	2,778	2,788	2,754	2,747	2,782	2,785	2,751	-34
Publishing industries, except Internet	721.3	722.7	723.4	724.0	725.4	725.5	725.8	727.6	1.8
Motion picture and sound recording industries	403.3	421.3	428.2	431.3	394.4	419.3	421.3	421.3	0.0
Broadcasting, except Internet	278.7	280.8	279.6	277.6	279.7	280.6	279.5	278.6	-0.9
Telecommunications	812.1	800.3	802.2	765.5	814.3	801.2	803.7	766.5	-37.2
Data processing, hosting and related services	296.7	297.3	300.5	299.4	295.5	298.2	298.3	298.4	0.1
Other information services	236.3	255.7	254.5	256.3	238.0	256.7	256.4	258.1	1.7
Financial activities	8,084	8,185	8,209	8,243	8,098	8,229	8,247	8,255	8
Finance and insurance	6,005.5	6,105.8	6,109.8	6,120.2	6,021.1	6,117.3	6,131.5	6,134.4	2.9
Monetary authorities - central bank	17.6	17.8	17.8	17.8	17.7	17.9	18.0	17.9	-0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,563.7	2,584.2	2,588.0	2,591.1	2,570.5	2,590.1	2,597.7	2,595.4	-2.3
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,681.7	1,682.6	1,682.4	1,683.1	1,684.1	1,684.3	1,685.3	1,684.5	-0.8
Commercial banking	1,276.4	1,267.5	1,266.6	1,265.4	1,278.0	1,267.5	1,267.5	1,265.4	-2.1
Nondepository credit intermediation	588.9	601.8	602.6	603.2	591.9	604.4	608.4	605.7	-2.7
Activities related to credit intermediation	293.1	299.8	303.0	304.8	294.4	301.4	304.0	305.1	1.1
Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts	897.7	918.3	920.6	923.0	901.0	921.5	924.7	926.7	2.0
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,526.5	2,585.5	2,583.4	2,588.3	2,531.9	2,587.8	2,591.1	2,594.4	3.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,078.6	2,078.7	2,098.7	2,122.9	2,076.4	2,111.3	2,115.1	2,120.6	5.5
Real estate	1,509.4	1,527.9	1,535.7	1,548.4	1,509.7	1,545.9	1,544.7	1,548.8	4.1
Rental and leasing services	545.4	527.6	539.8	551.1	543.0	541.9	546.9	548.5	1.6
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	23.8	23.2	23.2	23.4	23.7	23.5	23.5	23.3	-0.2
Professional and business services	19,607	19,829	20,091	20,128	19,585	20,045	20,100	20,110	10
Professional and technical services	8,528.8	8,867.0	8,915.1	8,814.5	8,583.9	8,818.6	8,843.9	8,869.7	25.8
Legal services	1,116.5	1,120.1	1,118.9	1,120.3	1,119.7	1,124.0	1,123.4	1,123.5	0.1
Accounting and bookkeeping services	922.2	1,126.0	1,109.4	969.9	970.1	1,011.4	1,013.3	1,018.7	5.4
Architectural and engineering services	1,408.9	1,414.4	1,422.6	1,434.7	1,407.3	1,433.4	1,431.9	1,434.0	2.1
Specialized design services	133.6	137.4	139.9	142.3	132.8	139.0	140.3	141.6	1.3
Computer systems design and related services	1,897.2	1,952.8	1,977.6	1,983.8	1,899.0	1,969.7	1,978.3	1,985.7	7.4
Management and technical consulting services	1,264.8	1,299.3	1,315.3	1,327.0	1,268.0	1,312.0	1,322.1	1,329.3	7.2
Scientific research and development services	654.3	660.9	664.2	669.4	652.7	663.7	665.4	667.8	2.4
Advertising and related services	479.2	488.7	492.9	495.0	480.9	491.7	494.9	496.4	1.5
Other professional and technical services	652.1	667.4	674.3	672.1	653.4	673.8	674.2	672.7	-1.5
Management of companies and enterprises	2,205.0	2,252.2	2,253.3	2,257.8	2,206.3	2,258.9	2,263.3	2,260.0	-3.3
Administrative and waste services	8,873.3	8,710.2	8,922.3	9,055.3	8,795.2	8,967.5	8,992.4	8,980.6	-11.8
Administrative and support services	8,475.6	8,313.5	8,519.1	8,648.7	8,398.3	8,562.8	8,585.3	8,575.0	-10.3
Office administrative services	470.1	483.9	486.1	489.5	469.5	485.9	486.6	488.7	2.1
Facilities support services	141.9	146.6	145.4	144.7	141.0	146.0	144.7	144.0	-0.7
Employment services(1)	3,525.6	3,461.5	3,519.6	3,557.3	3,518.0	3,571.9	3,575.0	3,556.0	-19.0
Temporary help services	2,871.8	2,802.6	2,849.9	2,882.7	2,863.2	2,896.3	2,901.3	2,880.3	-21.0
Business support services	886.4	903.0	904.1	901.4	895.0	904.6	907.5	908.8	1.3
Travel arrangement and reservation services	203.2	202.0	204.0	205.5	201.7	203.3	203.9	204.0	0.1
Investigation and security services	865.3	881.2	886.3	893.4	868.2	887.8	893.7	895.4	1.7
Services to buildings and dwellings	2,077.1	1,917.5	2,051.0	2,138.7	2,000.6	2,045.5	2,052.4	2,061.1	8.7
Other support services	306.0	317.8	322.6	318.2	304.4	317.9	321.5	316.9	-4.6
Waste management and remediation services	397.7	396.7	403.2	406.6	396.9	404.7	407.1	405.6	-1.5
Education and health services	22,038	22,673	22,751	22,719	21,962	22,527	22,573	22,640	67
Educational services	3,494.2	3,676.0	3,708.6	3,590.5	3,450.3	3,514.4	3,528.7	3,540.4	11.7
Health care and social assistance	18,544.1	18,997.0	19,042.8	19,128.6	18,512.0	19,012.8	19,044.6	19,100.0	55.4
Health care(3)	15,004.5	15,384.1	15,426.5	15,489.7	15,015.0	15,420.4	15,456.3	15,502.0	45.7
Ambulatory health care services	6,841.9	7,041.1	7,066.5	7,101.3	6,842.2	7,061.0	7,075.9	7,099.4	23.5
Offices of physicians	2,520.1	2,585.7	2,585.8	2,597.6	2,522.8	2,589.4	2,590.6	2,599.6	9.0
Offices of dentists	904.6	924.5	930.4	935.2	905.8	930.4	933.4	935.9	2.5
Offices of other health practitioners	811.9	839.6	847.3	856.0	810.8	842.5	847.3	852.7	5.4
Outpatient care centers	745.2	765.7	771.1	773.7	744.6	767.2	770.8	772.8	2.0
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	257.7	259.0	258.8	258.3	257.6	258.8	258.8	258.6	-0.2
Home health care services	1,314.5	1,374.1	1,381.2	1,389.8	1,313.2	1,379.6	1,382.5	1,388.1	5.6
Other ambulatory health care services	287.9	292.5	291.9	290.7	287.5	292.9	292.5	291.7	-0.8
Hospitals	4,877.5	5,036.0	5,051.1	5,067.3	4,885.6	5,041.8	5,061.2	5,077.7	16.5
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,285.1	3,307.0	3,308.9	3,321.1	3,287.2	3,317.6	3,319.2	3,324.9	5.7
Nursing care facilities	1,646.2	1,645.9	1,648.2	1,655.9	1,648.1	1,652.1	1,653.4	1,658.1	4.7
Residential mental health facilities	605.0	612.5	611.6	613.4	606.0	613.9	613.8	614.5	0.7
Community care facilities for the elderly	872.0	886.7	886.9	889.3	870.8	888.7	889.3	889.4	0.1
Other residential care facilities	161.9	161.9	162.2	162.5	162.3	162.9	162.7	162.9	0.2
Social assistance	3,539.6	3,612.9	3,616.3	3,638.9	3,497.0	3,592.4	3,588.3	3,598.0	9.7
Individual and family services	2,149.2	2,204.1	2,204.4	2,220.4	2,130.1	2,200.1	2,196.2	2,203.9	7.7
Emergency and other relief services	154.4	158.1	156.3	157.3	154.2	158.3	156.6	157.2	0.6
Vocational rehabilitation services	337.3	333.0	336.0	337.0	337.9	336.7	338.2	336.8	-1.4
Child day care services	898.7	917.7	919.6	924.2	874.8	897.2	897.3	900.1	2.8
Leisure and hospitality	15,348	15,041	15,367	15,728	15,059	15,431	15,442	15,453	11
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,262.6	2,066.7	2,179.0	2,308.0	2,166.7	2,222.9	2,227.7	2,217.3	-10.4
Performing arts and spectator sports	485.4	454.4	490.6	493.5	457.5	471.7	477.4	467.2	-10.2
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	156.9	145.8	152.9	164.0	152.2	154.0	155.1	158.5	3.4
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,620.3	1,466.5	1,535.5	1,650.5	1,557.0	1,597.2	1,595.2	1,591.6	-3.6
Accommodation and food services	13,085.4	12,973.8	13,187.6	13,420.0	12,892.5	13,207.7	13,214.6	13,235.3	20.7
Accommodation	1,922.6	1,861.5	1,877.3	1,921.8	1,917.1	1,923.5	1,921.2	1,919.7	-1.5
Food services and drinking places	11,162.8	11,112.3	11,310.3	11,498.2	10,975.4	11,284.2	11,293.4	11,315.6	22.2
Other services	5,652	5,654	5,685	5,714	5,622	5,681	5,686	5,685	-1
Repair and maintenance	1,283.9	1,289.7	1,295.7	1,302.0	1,272.6	1,291.6	1,291.8	1,291.6	-0.2
Personal and laundry services	1,415.6	1,415.1	1,431.4	1,441.8	1,401.5	1,424.3	1,428.3	1,427.7	-0.6
Membership associations and organizations	2,952.2	2,948.8	2,957.7	2,970.2	2,947.9	2,964.8	2,966.0	2,965.5	-0.5
Government	22,354	22,482	22,501	22,455	21,988	22,083	22,076	22,089	13
Federal	2,750.0	2,758.0	2,768.0	2,781.0	2,752.0	2,771.0	2,767.0	2,779.0	12.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,157.4	2,153.9	2,165.9	2,173.9	2,156.9	2,166.7	2,169.6	2,172.5	2.9
U.S. Postal Service	592.2	604.5	602.0	607.1	595.0	604.3	597.2	606.9	9.7
State government	5,121.0	5,269.0	5,275.0	5,124.0	5,096.0	5,111.0	5,110.0	5,103.0	-7.0
State government education	2,438.7	2,601.4	2,602.8	2,448.7	2,421.0	2,437.3	2,436.4	2,435.1	-1.3
State government, excluding education	2,682.6	2,667.9	2,672.3	2,674.8	2,674.9	2,673.6	2,673.5	2,667.9	-5.6
Local government	14,483.0	14,455.0	14,458.0	14,550.0	14,140.0	14,201.0	14,199.0	14,207.0	8.0
Local government education	8,170.8	8,173.3	8,146.3	8,159.3	7,825.8	7,818.5	7,810.4	7,815.1	4.7
Local government, excluding education	6,312.2	6,281.5	6,311.5	6,390.8	6,313.7	6,382.7	6,389.0	6,391.6	2.6
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.5	34.4	34.4	34.4
Goods-producing	40.3	40.1	40.3	40.3
Mining and logging	43.6	42.7	43.4	44.2
Construction	39.0	38.7	39.1	39.1
Manufacturing	40.7	40.6	40.7	40.8
Durable goods	41.1	41.1	41.2	41.2
Nondurable goods	40.1	39.8	40.0	40.1
Private service-providing	33.4	33.3	33.3	33.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.6	34.3	34.4	34.3
Wholesale trade	38.9	38.8	38.9	38.8
Retail trade	31.4	31.0	31.1	31.0
Transportation and warehousing	38.9	38.9	38.8	38.9
Utilities	42.3	42.0	42.4	42.0
Information	36.3	36.0	36.0	36.0
Financial activities	37.6	37.6	37.6	37.5
Professional and business services	36.2	36.0	36.1	36.1
Education and health services	32.8	32.9	32.8	32.8
Leisure and hospitality	26.3	26.1	26.1	26.1
Other services	31.8	31.8	31.9	31.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.2
Durable goods	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.2
Nondurable goods	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)
Total private	$24.97	$25.45	$25.54	$25.59	$861.47	$875.48	$878.58	$880.30
Goods-producing	26.12	26.66	26.81	26.91	1,052.64	1,069.07	1,080.44	1,084.47
Mining and logging	31.01	31.79	32.05	32.27	1,352.04	1,357.43	1,390.97	1,426.33
Construction	27.34	27.85	27.93	28.04	1,066.26	1,077.80	1,092.06	1,096.36
Manufacturing	25.16	25.74	25.91	25.99	1,024.01	1,045.04	1,054.54	1,060.39
Durable goods	26.52	27.05	27.21	27.27	1,089.97	1,111.76	1,121.05	1,123.52
Nondurable goods	22.79	23.47	23.67	23.79	913.88	934.11	946.80	953.98
Private service-providing	24.70	25.17	25.24	25.29	824.98	838.16	840.49	842.16
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21.79	22.19	22.23	22.25	753.93	761.12	764.71	763.18
Wholesale trade	28.72	29.30	29.41	29.48	1,117.21	1,136.84	1,144.05	1,143.82
Retail trade	17.41	17.80	17.79	17.84	546.67	551.80	553.27	553.04
Transportation and warehousing	22.88	23.06	23.09	23.03	890.03	897.03	895.89	895.87
Utilities	36.94	37.91	38.15	38.01	1,562.56	1,592.22	1,617.56	1,596.42
Information	34.86	36.07	36.24	36.59	1,265.42	1,298.52	1,304.64	1,317.24
Financial activities	31.52	32.14	32.18	32.18	1,185.15	1,208.46	1,209.97	1,206.75
Professional and business services	30.02	30.56	30.66	30.72	1,086.72	1,100.16	1,106.83	1,108.99
Education and health services	25.22	25.57	25.66	25.71	827.22	841.25	841.65	843.29
Leisure and hospitality	14.31	14.70	14.77	14.81	376.35	383.67	385.50	386.54
Other services	22.43	22.75	22.79	22.84	713.27	723.45	727.00	728.60
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	Percent change from: Apr. 2016 - May 2016(p)	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	Percent change from: Apr. 2016 - May 2016(p)
Total private	103.5	105.0	105.1	105.2	0.1	123.5	127.8	128.4	128.6	0.2
Goods-producing	89.9	89.9	90.3	90.1	-0.2	106.1	108.3	109.4	109.6	0.2
Mining and logging	112.9	96.2	96.3	96.5	0.2	140.6	122.8	123.9	125.1	1.0
Construction	86.4	88.9	89.8	89.6	-0.2	102.6	107.6	108.9	109.1	0.2
Manufacturing	90.2	89.8	90.0	90.2	0.2	105.6	107.5	108.5	109.0	0.5
Durable goods	89.9	89.1	89.4	89.2	-0.2	105.9	107.1	108.0	108.0	0.0
Nondurable goods	91.2	91.2	91.6	92.0	0.4	105.5	108.6	110.0	111.1	1.0
Private service-providing	107.4	109.2	109.4	109.5	0.1	128.9	133.6	134.2	134.5	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	101.1	101.8	102.1	101.8	-0.3	118.5	121.5	122.1	121.9	-0.2
Wholesale trade	99.6	100.2	100.5	100.1	-0.4	119.4	122.5	123.4	123.1	-0.2
Retail trade	99.5	100.3	100.6	100.3	-0.3	114.6	118.0	118.3	118.3	0.0
Transportation and warehousing	107.6	108.5	108.5	108.7	0.2	124.9	127.0	127.1	127.1	0.0
Utilities	102.0	102.6	103.5	102.3	-1.2	124.4	128.5	130.5	128.5	-1.5
Information	91.1	91.5	91.6	90.4	-1.3	113.0	117.5	118.2	117.8	-0.3
Financial activities	99.7	101.3	101.6	101.4	-0.2	122.6	127.0	127.5	127.3	-0.2
Professional and business services	111.5	113.5	114.1	114.2	0.1	135.6	140.5	141.8	142.1	0.2
Education and health services	117.6	121.0	120.9	121.3	0.3	142.6	148.8	149.2	149.9	0.5
Leisure and hospitality	113.0	114.9	115.0	115.1	0.1	130.5	136.3	137.0	137.5	0.4
Other services	103.1	104.2	104.6	104.6	0.0	126.7	129.9	130.6	130.9	0.2
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)
Total nonfarm	69,803	71,135	71,208	71,293	49.3	49.5	49.5	49.5
Total private	57,225	58,486	58,564	58,645	47.9	48.1	48.1	48.1
Goods-producing	4,278	4,294	4,294	4,291	21.9	21.8	21.8	21.9
Mining and logging	114	104	102	102	13.8	14.5	14.4	14.7
Construction	811	830	831	829	12.6	12.5	12.5	12.5
Manufacturing	3,353	3,360	3,361	3,360	27.2	27.3	27.3	27.4
Durable goods	1,804	1,799	1,800	1,799	23.2	23.4	23.4	23.4
Nondurable goods	1,549	1,561	1,561	1,561	34.0	34.0	34.0	33.9
Private service-providing	52,947	54,192	54,270	54,354	53.0	53.1	53.1	53.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,870	11,078	11,088	11,086	40.5	40.6	40.6	40.6
Wholesale trade	1,730.7	1,745.8	1,748.9	1,747.9	29.5	29.5	29.5	29.6
Retail trade	7,864.5	8,034.1	8,035.9	8,029.7	50.4	50.5	50.5	50.4
Transportation and warehousing	1,141.3	1,163.6	1,169.8	1,175.5	23.6	23.9	24.0	24.1
Utilities	133.7	134.2	133.3	132.7	24.0	23.8	23.6	23.6
Information	1,099	1,110	1,108	1,100	40.0	39.9	39.8	40.0
Financial activities	4,624	4,701	4,704	4,710	57.1	57.1	57.0	57.1
Professional and business services	8,708	8,986	9,017	9,033	44.5	44.8	44.9	44.9
Education and health services	16,898	17,358	17,378	17,440	76.9	77.1	77.0	77.0
Leisure and hospitality	7,815	7,989	8,000	8,010	51.9	51.8	51.8	51.8
Other services	2,933	2,970	2,975	2,975	52.2	52.3	52.3	52.3
Government	12,578	12,649	12,644	12,648	57.2	57.3	57.3	57.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]

Industry	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)
Total private	98,540	100,184	100,248	100,247
Goods-producing	14,117	14,174	14,157	14,122
Mining and logging	605	511	500	489
Construction	4,836	5,019	5,027	5,020
Manufacturing	8,676	8,644	8,630	8,613
Durable goods	5,356	5,307	5,300	5,283
Nondurable goods	3,320	3,337	3,330	3,330
Private service-providing	84,423	86,010	86,091	86,125
Trade, transportation, and utilities	22,608	22,940	22,922	22,907
Wholesale trade	4,709.2	4,735.8	4,733.6	4,723.1
Retail trade	13,274.3	13,535.6	13,516.6	13,515.6
Transportation and warehousing	4,176.1	4,216.5	4,220.1	4,217.6
Utilities	448.3	451.7	451.8	450.4
Information	2,221	2,247	2,247	2,209
Financial activities	6,247	6,375	6,387	6,396
Professional and business services	16,108	16,412	16,441	16,445
Education and health services	19,271	19,753	19,790	19,854
Leisure and hospitality	13,288	13,571	13,588	13,601
Other services	4,680	4,712	4,716	4,713
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.6	33.6	33.6	33.6
Goods-producing	41.1	40.9	41.2	41.1
Mining and logging	45.6	44.3	45.2	46.2
Construction	39.3	39.2	39.7	39.5
Manufacturing	41.8	41.7	41.8	41.8
Durable goods	42.1	42.1	42.2	42.2
Nondurable goods	41.3	41.1	41.1	41.2
Private service-providing	32.4	32.4	32.4	32.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.7	33.5	33.5	33.5
Wholesale trade	38.5	38.5	38.6	38.5
Retail trade	30.1	29.7	29.8	29.7
Transportation and warehousing	38.7	38.9	38.9	38.9
Utilities	42.4	42.1	42.2	42.0
Information	35.8	35.4	35.5	35.5
Financial activities	37.1	37.0	37.1	36.9
Professional and business services	35.3	35.5	35.5	35.5
Education and health services	32.0	32.2	32.2	32.2
Leisure and hospitality	25.0	24.9	24.9	24.9
Other services	30.7	30.7	30.9	30.8
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.2
Durable goods	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.3
Nondurable goods	4.3	4.1	4.1	4.1
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)
Total private	$20.99	$21.40	$21.46	$21.49	$705.26	$719.04	$721.06	$722.06
Goods-producing	21.92	22.37	22.46	22.51	900.91	914.93	925.35	925.16
Mining and logging	26.44	26.84	27.08	27.13	1,205.66	1,189.01	1,224.02	1,253.41
Construction	25.19	25.68	25.66	25.80	989.97	1,006.66	1,018.70	1,019.10
Manufacturing	19.86	20.29	20.40	20.41	830.15	846.09	852.72	853.14
Durable goods	20.94	21.34	21.46	21.45	881.57	898.41	905.61	905.19
Nondurable goods	18.08	18.57	18.67	18.72	746.70	763.23	767.34	771.26
Private service-providing	20.79	21.20	21.26	21.27	673.60	686.88	688.82	689.15
Trade, transportation, and utilities	18.62	18.93	18.95	18.95	627.49	634.16	634.83	634.83
Wholesale trade	23.67	24.06	24.11	24.21	911.30	926.31	930.65	932.09
Retail trade	14.74	15.04	15.04	15.05	443.67	446.69	448.19	446.99
Transportation and warehousing	20.73	20.93	20.92	20.83	802.25	814.18	813.79	810.29
Utilities	33.94	34.62	35.12	34.88	1,439.06	1,457.50	1,482.06	1,464.96
Information	29.00	29.67	29.80	29.86	1,038.20	1,050.32	1,057.90	1,060.03
Financial activities	25.25	26.01	26.18	26.13	936.78	962.37	971.28	964.20
Professional and business services	24.74	25.19	25.27	25.34	873.32	894.25	897.09	899.57
Education and health services	22.06	22.39	22.44	22.44	705.92	720.96	722.57	722.57
Leisure and hospitality	12.39	12.74	12.77	12.82	309.75	317.23	317.97	319.22
Other services	18.97	19.16	19.18	19.22	582.38	588.21	592.66	591.98
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	Percent change from: Apr. 2016 - May 2016(p)	May 2015	Mar. 2016	Apr. 2016(p)	May 2016(p)	Percent change from: Apr. 2016 - May 2016(p)
Total private	110.3	112.2	112.2	112.2	0.0	154.7	160.4	160.9	161.2	0.2
Goods-producing	88.7	88.6	89.1	88.7	-0.4	119.0	121.3	122.6	122.3	-0.2
Mining and logging	146.6	120.3	120.1	120.1	0.0	225.4	187.8	189.1	189.4	0.2
Construction	95.2	98.5	99.9	99.3	-0.6	129.4	136.6	138.5	138.3	-0.1
Manufacturing	83.3	82.7	82.8	82.6	-0.2	108.1	109.8	110.5	110.3	-0.2
Durable goods	84.7	84.0	84.0	83.8	-0.2	110.8	111.8	112.6	112.2	-0.4
Nondurable goods	80.8	80.8	80.6	80.8	0.2	103.2	106.0	106.4	106.9	0.5
Private service-providing	116.5	118.7	118.8	118.8	0.0	166.1	172.5	173.2	173.3	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	106.2	107.1	107.0	107.0	0.0	141.1	144.7	144.7	144.6	-0.1
Wholesale trade	106.8	107.4	107.6	107.1	-0.5	148.9	152.2	152.8	152.7	-0.1
Retail trade	101.1	101.8	102.0	101.6	-0.4	127.8	131.2	131.4	131.1	-0.2
Transportation and warehousing	121.7	123.5	123.6	123.5	-0.1	160.0	163.9	164.0	163.2	-0.5
Utilities	97.2	97.3	97.5	96.7	-0.8	137.7	140.5	142.9	140.8	-1.5
Information	90.8	90.8	91.0	89.5	-1.6	130.3	133.4	134.3	132.3	-1.5
Financial activities	109.1	111.0	111.6	111.1	-0.4	169.5	177.7	179.7	178.6	-0.6
Professional and business services	127.4	130.6	130.8	130.8	0.0	187.6	195.7	196.7	197.3	0.3
Education and health services	131.4	135.6	135.8	136.3	0.4	191.4	200.4	201.2	201.9	0.3
Leisure and hospitality	121.7	123.8	123.9	124.1	0.2	171.2	179.1	179.7	180.6	0.5
Other services	100.8	101.5	102.2	101.8	-0.4	139.3	141.6	142.8	142.6	-0.1
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.