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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until	USDL-19-1137
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, July 5, 2019

Technical information: 
 Household data:	(202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	(202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JUNE 2019


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 224,000 in June, and the
unemployment rate was little changed at 3.7 percent, the U.S. Bureau
of Labor Statistics reported today. Notable job gains occurred in
professional and business services, in health care, and in transportation
and warehousing. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The
household survey measures labor force status, including unemployment,
by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey measures nonfarm
employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about
the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see
the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 3.7 percent, and the number of unemployed
persons, at 6.0 million, changed little in June. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.3
percent), adult women (3.3 percent), teenagers (12.7 percent), Whites
(3.3 percent), Blacks (6.0 percent), Asians (2.1 percent), and Hispanics
(4.3 percent) showed little or no change in June. (See tables A-1, A-2,
and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more)
was little changed at 1.4 million in June and accounted for 23.7 percent
of the unemployed. (See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate, at 62.9 percent, was little changed
over the month and unchanged over the year. In June, the employment-
population ratio was 60.6 percent for the fourth month in a row. (See
table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes
referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was essentially unchanged
at 4.3 million in June. These individuals, who would have preferred full-
time employment, were working part time because their hours had been
reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)

In June, 1.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force,
little different from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.)
These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available
for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They
were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in
the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 425,000 discouraged workers in
June, little changed from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally
adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for
work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining
1.1 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in June had
not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family 
responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 224,000 in June. Employment
growth has averaged 172,000 per month thus far this year, compared with
an average monthly gain of 223,000 in 2018. In June, notable job gains
occurred in professional and business services, in health care, and in
transportation and warehousing. (See table B-1.)

Professional and business services added 51,000 jobs in June, following
little employment change in May (+24,000). Employment growth in the
industry has averaged 35,000 per month in the first half of 2019,
compared with an average monthly gain of 47,000 in 2018. 

Employment in health care increased by 35,000 over the month and by
403,000 over the past 12 months. In June, job growth occurred in
ambulatory health care services (+19,000) and hospitals (+11,000).

Transportation and warehousing added 24,000 jobs over the month and
158,000 over the past 12 months. In June, job gains occurred among
couriers and messengers (+7,000) and in air transportation (+3,000).

Construction employment continued to trend up in June (+21,000), in
line with its average monthly gain over the prior 12 months. 

Manufacturing employment edged up in June (+17,000), following 4 months
of little change. So far this year, job growth in the industry has
averaged 8,000 per month, compared with an average of 22,000 per month
in 2018. In June, employment rose in computer and electronic products
(+7,000) and in plastics and rubber products (+4,000).

Employment in other major industries, including mining, wholesale trade,
retail trade, information, financial activities, leisure and hospitality,
and government, showed little change over the month.

In June, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm
payrolls rose by 6 cents to $27.90, following a 9-cent gain in May.
Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 3.1
percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and
nonsupervisory employees increased by 4 cents to $23.43 in June. (See
tables B-3 and B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls
was unchanged at 34.4 hours in June. In manufacturing, the average
workweek edged up 0.1 hour to 40.7 hours, while overtime was unchanged
at 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory
employees on private nonfarm payrolls held at 33.6 hours. (See tables
B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for April was revised
down from +224,000 to +216,000, and the change for May was revised
down from +75,000 to +72,000. With these revisions, employment gains 
in April and May combined were 11,000 less than previously reported.
(Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from
businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates
and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) After revisions,
job gains have averaged 171,000 per month over the last 3 months.

_____________
The Employment Situation for July is scheduled to be released
on Friday, August 2, 2019, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).


 _______________________________________________________________________
|									|
|     2019 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to Establishment Survey 	|
|                 Data to be released August 21, 2019			|
|									|
| Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to	|
| comprehensive counts of employment from the Quarterly Census of	|
| Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month of March. These counts	|
| are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records	|
| that nearly all employers are required to file. On August 21,		|
| 2019, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will	|
| release the preliminary estimate of the upcoming annual benchmark	|
| revision. This is the same day the first-quarter 2019 data from	|
| QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark revisions for all major	|
| industry sectors, as well as total nonfarm and total private		|
| employment, will be available on the BLS website at			|
| www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm.				|
|                                    					|
| The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication	|
| of the January 2020 Employment Situation news release in February	|
| 2020.									|
|_______________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019
Change from:
May
2019-
June
2019

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

257,642 258,693 258,861 259,037 176

Civilian labor force

162,129 162,470 162,646 162,981 335

Participation rate

62.9 62.8 62.8 62.9 0.1

Employed

155,592 156,645 156,758 157,005 247

Employment-population ratio

60.4 60.6 60.6 60.6 0.0

Unemployed

6,537 5,824 5,888 5,975 87

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.6 3.6 3.7 0.1

Not in labor force

95,513 96,223 96,215 96,057 -158

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

4.0 3.6 3.6 3.7 0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)

3.7 3.4 3.3 3.3 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)

3.7 3.1 3.2 3.3 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

12.6 13.0 12.7 12.7 0.0

White

3.5 3.1 3.3 3.3 0.0

Black or African American

6.5 6.7 6.2 6.0 -0.2

Asian

3.2 2.2 2.5 2.1 -0.4

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

4.6 4.2 4.2 4.3 0.1

Total, 25 years and over

3.3 2.9 2.9 3.0 0.1

Less than a high school diploma

5.6 5.4 5.4 5.3 -0.1

High school graduates, no college

4.1 3.5 3.5 3.9 0.4

Some college or associate degree

3.3 3.1 2.8 3.0 0.2

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,055 2,651 2,664 2,736 72

Job leavers

801 737 803 888 85

Reentrants

2,078 1,926 1,870 1,868 -2

New entrants

579 530 599 541 -58

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,218 1,904 2,147 1,961 -186

5 to 14 weeks

1,865 1,842 1,559 1,830 271

15 to 26 weeks

862 854 799 769 -30

27 weeks and over

1,467 1,230 1,298 1,414 116

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

4,736 4,654 4,355 4,347 -8

Slack work or business conditions

3,018 2,891 2,646 2,707 61

Could only find part-time work

1,453 1,446 1,339 1,337 -2

Part time for noneconomic reasons

21,336 21,322 21,366 21,524 158

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,437 1,417 1,395 1,571 -

Discouraged workers

359 454 338 425 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

262 216 72 224

Total private

236 195 83 191

Goods-producing

56 37 11 37

Mining and logging

7 0 3 -1

Construction

17 34 5 21

Manufacturing

32 3 3 17

Durable goods(1)

27 1 3 12

Motor vehicles and parts

6.2 -2.5 1.5 -0.2

Nondurable goods

5 2 0 5

Private service-providing

180 158 72 154

Wholesale trade

7.8 8.1 7.0 0.1

Retail trade

-34.2 -14.8 -7.3 -5.8

Transportation and warehousing

18.7 8.4 3.3 23.9

Utilities

-0.5 -2.4 1.0 1.4

Information

0 -6 0 2

Financial activities

11 14 2 2

Professional and business services(1)

51 55 24 51

Temporary help services

-1.5 4.3 -0.3 4.3

Education and health services(1)

65 71 28 61

Health care and social assistance

33.1 57.5 26.3 50.5

Leisure and hospitality

43 9 18 8

Other services

18 16 -4 10

Government

26 21 -11 33

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

243 142 147 171

Total private

228 131 144 156

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.7 49.8 49.8 49.8

Total private women employees

48.3 48.4 48.5 48.4

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.3 82.3 82.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.5 34.4 34.4 34.4

Average hourly earnings

$27.05 $27.75 $27.84 $27.90

Average weekly earnings

$933.23 $954.60 $957.70 $959.76

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

109.6 110.9 111.0 111.2

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

141.7 147.2 147.7 148.3

Over-the-month percent change

0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (258 industries)

67.6 58.9 57.6 60.7

Manufacturing (76 industries)

66.4 52.0 52.0 59.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 142,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 689,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

257,642 258,861 259,037 257,642 258,392 258,537 258,693 258,861 259,037

Civilian labor force

163,277 162,655 164,120 162,129 163,184 162,960 162,470 162,646 162,981

Participation rate

63.4 62.8 63.4 62.9 63.2 63.0 62.8 62.8 62.9

Employed

156,465 157,152 157,828 155,592 156,949 156,748 156,645 156,758 157,005

Employment-population ratio

60.7 60.7 60.9 60.4 60.7 60.6 60.6 60.6 60.6

Unemployed

6,812 5,503 6,292 6,537 6,235 6,211 5,824 5,888 5,975

Unemployment rate

4.2 3.4 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.7

Not in labor force

94,365 96,207 94,917 95,513 95,208 95,577 96,223 96,215 96,057

Persons who currently want a job

5,654 5,500 5,725 5,285 5,222 5,227 5,121 5,045 5,322

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

124,604 125,197 125,285 124,604 124,965 125,037 125,114 125,197 125,285

Civilian labor force

86,988 86,532 87,415 86,028 86,439 86,442 86,179 86,377 86,479

Participation rate

69.8 69.1 69.8 69.0 69.2 69.1 68.9 69.0 69.0

Employed

83,414 83,561 84,189 82,506 83,095 83,034 82,959 83,192 83,293

Employment-population ratio

66.9 66.7 67.2 66.2 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.4 66.5

Unemployed

3,573 2,971 3,226 3,522 3,343 3,408 3,221 3,185 3,185

Unemployment rate

4.1 3.4 3.7 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.7

Not in labor force

37,616 38,665 37,870 38,575 38,527 38,595 38,935 38,820 38,806

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

116,115 116,752 116,843 116,115 116,513 116,586 116,665 116,752 116,843

Civilian labor force

83,470 83,785 83,837 83,103 83,632 83,573 83,373 83,561 83,501

Participation rate

71.9 71.8 71.8 71.6 71.8 71.7 71.5 71.6 71.5

Employed

80,498 81,192 81,173 80,006 80,712 80,564 80,576 80,766 80,718

Employment-population ratio

69.3 69.5 69.5 68.9 69.3 69.1 69.1 69.2 69.1

Unemployed

2,972 2,594 2,663 3,097 2,920 3,009 2,797 2,795 2,783

Unemployment rate

3.6 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3

Not in labor force

32,645 32,967 33,006 33,012 32,881 33,013 33,292 33,191 33,341

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

133,038 133,664 133,753 133,038 133,427 133,500 133,579 133,664 133,753

Civilian labor force

76,289 76,122 76,705 76,101 76,746 76,518 76,291 76,269 76,502

Participation rate

57.3 57.0 57.3 57.2 57.5 57.3 57.1 57.1 57.2

Employed

73,051 73,591 73,639 73,086 73,854 73,715 73,687 73,566 73,712

Employment-population ratio

54.9 55.1 55.1 54.9 55.4 55.2 55.2 55.0 55.1

Unemployed

3,238 2,532 3,066 3,015 2,892 2,803 2,604 2,703 2,790

Unemployment rate

4.2 3.3 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.6

Not in labor force

56,749 57,542 57,048 56,938 56,681 56,982 57,288 57,395 57,251

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

124,771 125,419 125,509 124,771 125,177 125,252 125,332 125,419 125,509

Civilian labor force

72,848 73,263 73,297 73,155 73,760 73,525 73,419 73,347 73,579

Participation rate

58.4 58.4 58.4 58.6 58.9 58.7 58.6 58.5 58.6

Employed

70,045 71,072 70,714 70,455 71,221 71,072 71,131 70,981 71,139

Employment-population ratio

56.1 56.7 56.3 56.5 56.9 56.7 56.8 56.6 56.7

Unemployed

2,802 2,191 2,583 2,701 2,540 2,453 2,288 2,366 2,441

Unemployment rate

3.8 3.0 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3

Not in labor force

51,924 52,156 52,212 51,616 51,417 51,727 51,913 52,071 51,929

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,755 16,690 16,686 16,755 16,702 16,698 16,696 16,690 16,686

Civilian labor force

6,959 5,607 6,986 5,871 5,792 5,862 5,678 5,738 5,900

Participation rate

41.5 33.6 41.9 35.0 34.7 35.1 34.0 34.4 35.4

Employed

5,921 4,888 5,941 5,131 5,017 5,113 4,938 5,011 5,148

Employment-population ratio

35.3 29.3 35.6 30.6 30.0 30.6 29.6 30.0 30.9

Unemployed

1,038 718 1,046 740 776 748 740 726 751

Unemployment rate

14.9 12.8 15.0 12.6 13.4 12.8 13.0 12.7 12.7

Not in labor force

9,797 11,084 9,700 10,885 10,909 10,837 11,018 10,953 10,786

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

200,132 200,658 200,746 200,132 200,447 200,508 200,576 200,658 200,746

Civilian labor force

126,669 126,042 127,131 125,765 126,313 126,404 125,900 125,980 126,244

Participation rate

63.3 62.8 63.3 62.8 63.0 63.0 62.8 62.8 62.9

Employed

121,964 122,269 122,708 121,357 122,168 122,143 121,944 121,883 122,125

Employment-population ratio

60.9 60.9 61.1 60.6 60.9 60.9 60.8 60.7 60.8

Unemployed

4,706 3,773 4,422 4,408 4,144 4,261 3,957 4,097 4,119

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.3

Not in labor force

73,463 74,616 73,615 74,367 74,134 74,104 74,676 74,678 74,502

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

66,109 66,179 66,203 65,822 66,052 66,014 65,802 65,973 65,928

Participation rate

72.2 72.0 72.0 71.8 72.0 71.9 71.6 71.8 71.7

Employed

64,037 64,412 64,343 63,680 64,088 63,936 63,896 64,042 64,009

Employment-population ratio

69.9 70.1 70.0 69.5 69.8 69.6 69.6 69.7 69.6

Unemployed

2,072 1,767 1,860 2,142 1,964 2,078 1,906 1,931 1,919

Unemployment rate

3.1 2.7 2.8 3.3 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

55,195 55,457 55,430 55,439 55,814 55,806 55,671 55,526 55,704

Participation rate

57.4 57.5 57.4 57.6 57.9 57.9 57.7 57.5 57.7

Employed

53,265 53,957 53,586 53,635 54,151 54,140 54,133 53,869 53,993

Employment-population ratio

55.4 55.9 55.5 55.8 56.2 56.1 56.1 55.8 55.9

Unemployed

1,930 1,500 1,844 1,804 1,663 1,666 1,538 1,657 1,711

Unemployment rate

3.5 2.7 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

5,365 4,407 5,498 4,504 4,447 4,585 4,427 4,482 4,612

Participation rate

43.6 36.0 44.9 36.6 36.3 37.4 36.1 36.6 37.7

Employed

4,662 3,900 4,780 4,042 3,929 4,067 3,915 3,972 4,123

Employment-population ratio

37.9 31.8 39.0 32.8 32.0 33.2 31.9 32.4 33.7

Unemployed

703 507 718 462 518 517 512 510 489

Unemployment rate

13.1 11.5 13.1 10.3 11.6 11.3 11.6 11.4 10.6

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

32,737 32,984 33,014 32,737 32,897 32,925 32,955 32,984 33,014

Civilian labor force

20,546 20,547 20,581 20,371 20,575 20,432 20,589 20,562 20,430

Participation rate

62.8 62.3 62.3 62.2 62.5 62.1 62.5 62.3 61.9

Employed

19,194 19,335 19,319 19,057 19,137 19,073 19,219 19,280 19,199

Employment-population ratio

58.6 58.6 58.5 58.2 58.2 57.9 58.3 58.5 58.2

Unemployed

1,352 1,212 1,262 1,314 1,437 1,359 1,370 1,282 1,231

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.9 6.1 6.5 7.0 6.7 6.7 6.2 6.0

Not in labor force

12,190 12,437 12,432 12,366 12,322 12,493 12,366 12,421 12,584

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,274 9,444 9,378 9,167 9,414 9,399 9,456 9,422 9,303

Participation rate

67.6 68.2 67.6 66.9 68.2 68.0 68.3 68.0 67.1

Employed

8,702 8,887 8,878 8,580 8,734 8,753 8,811 8,833 8,768

Employment-population ratio

63.5 64.2 64.0 62.6 63.3 63.3 63.7 63.8 63.2

Unemployed

572 557 500 587 680 646 645 589 535

Unemployment rate

6.2 5.9 5.3 6.4 7.2 6.9 6.8 6.3 5.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,364 10,446 10,359 10,404 10,366 10,316 10,411 10,469 10,396

Participation rate

62.7 62.7 62.1 63.0 62.4 62.0 62.5 62.8 62.3

Employed

9,803 9,949 9,813 9,834 9,822 9,777 9,859 9,934 9,846

Employment-population ratio

59.3 59.7 58.8 59.5 59.1 58.8 59.2 59.6 59.0

Unemployed

561 497 546 571 544 539 552 535 550

Unemployment rate

5.4 4.8 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.1 5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

908 657 844 800 795 717 722 671 731

Participation rate

36.3 26.7 34.3 32.0 32.1 29.0 29.2 27.2 29.7

Employed

689 499 628 643 582 542 549 513 586

Employment-population ratio

27.6 20.3 25.5 25.7 23.5 21.9 22.2 20.8 23.8

Unemployed

219 158 216 157 213 174 173 158 145

Unemployment rate

24.1 24.0 25.6 19.6 26.8 24.3 24.0 23.5 19.9

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

15,934 16,361 16,557 15,934 16,055 16,245 16,290 16,361 16,557

Civilian labor force

10,207 10,290 10,600 10,147 10,369 10,402 10,180 10,304 10,526

Participation rate

64.1 62.9 64.0 63.7 64.6 64.0 62.5 63.0 63.6

Employed

9,858 10,049 10,361 9,825 10,045 10,082 9,957 10,046 10,303

Employment-population ratio

61.9 61.4 62.6 61.7 62.6 62.1 61.1 61.4 62.2

Unemployed

349 240 239 322 324 320 223 258 222

Unemployment rate

3.4 2.3 2.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.2 2.5 2.1

Not in labor force

5,727 6,072 5,958 5,787 5,686 5,843 6,110 6,058 6,032

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,679 43,370 43,453 42,679 43,127 43,205 43,289 43,370 43,453

Civilian labor force

28,515 28,680 28,989 28,369 28,724 28,929 28,546 28,689 28,855

Participation rate

66.8 66.1 66.7 66.5 66.6 67.0 65.9 66.2 66.4

Employed

27,209 27,608 27,721 27,077 27,480 27,566 27,348 27,493 27,602

Employment-population ratio

63.8 63.7 63.8 63.4 63.7 63.8 63.2 63.4 63.5

Unemployed

1,306 1,072 1,268 1,292 1,245 1,363 1,198 1,196 1,253

Unemployment rate

4.6 3.7 4.4 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.3

Not in labor force

14,164 14,690 14,464 14,310 14,403 14,277 14,743 14,681 14,599

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

15,578 15,732 15,677 15,547 15,675 15,832 15,611 15,731 15,659

Participation rate

80.9 80.4 79.9 80.7 80.5 81.2 79.9 80.4 79.8

Employed

15,035 15,248 15,162 14,952 15,117 15,187 15,028 15,188 15,093

Employment-population ratio

78.0 77.9 77.3 77.6 77.7 77.9 76.9 77.6 76.9

Unemployed

544 483 515 595 557 646 583 543 566

Unemployment rate

3.5 3.1 3.3 3.8 3.6 4.1 3.7 3.4 3.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,622 11,816 11,870 11,632 11,798 11,839 11,762 11,810 11,885

Participation rate

59.7 59.6 59.8 59.7 59.9 60.0 59.5 59.6 59.9

Employed

11,059 11,381 11,365 11,072 11,331 11,321 11,330 11,330 11,382

Employment-population ratio

56.8 57.4 57.2 56.8 57.5 57.4 57.3 57.2 57.3

Unemployed

563 436 506 560 466 518 432 480 503

Unemployment rate

4.8 3.7 4.3 4.8 4.0 4.4 3.7 4.1 4.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,315 1,132 1,442 1,190 1,252 1,257 1,172 1,149 1,310

Participation rate

33.4 28.4 36.2 30.3 31.6 31.7 29.5 28.9 32.9

Employed

1,115 979 1,195 1,054 1,031 1,058 989 975 1,126

Employment-population ratio

28.3 24.6 30.0 26.8 26.0 26.6 24.9 24.5 28.3

Unemployed

200 153 247 137 221 199 183 174 184

Unemployment rate

15.2 13.5 17.1 11.5 17.6 15.9 15.6 15.1 14.0

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,650 10,143 10,181 10,517 10,267 10,142 9,996 9,915 10,025

Participation rate

46.5 45.6 46.1 46.0 47.0 46.1 45.3 44.6 45.4

Employed

10,134 9,692 9,713 9,932 9,720 9,548 9,460 9,383 9,489

Employment-population ratio

44.3 43.6 44.0 43.4 44.5 43.4 42.8 42.2 43.0

Unemployed

516 451 467 585 548 594 536 533 536

Unemployment rate

4.8 4.4 4.6 5.6 5.3 5.9 5.4 5.4 5.3

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,863 35,840 35,906 36,108 36,230 35,983 35,901 35,781 36,120

Participation rate

57.6 57.5 57.5 58.0 58.2 57.9 57.9 57.4 57.8

Employed

34,466 34,664 34,586 34,612 34,863 34,654 34,662 34,522 34,715

Employment-population ratio

55.4 55.6 55.4 55.6 56.0 55.8 55.9 55.4 55.6

Unemployed

1,397 1,176 1,319 1,496 1,367 1,329 1,239 1,259 1,404

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.3 3.7 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.9

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,831 37,559 37,216 37,793 37,213 37,268 37,290 37,614 37,200

Participation rate

65.3 65.2 64.7 65.2 65.3 65.2 64.6 65.3 64.7

Employed

36,604 36,612 36,109 36,538 36,040 36,012 36,141 36,569 36,069

Employment-population ratio

63.2 63.6 62.8 63.1 63.3 63.0 62.6 63.5 62.7

Unemployed

1,227 947 1,107 1,255 1,173 1,256 1,149 1,045 1,132

Unemployment rate

3.2 2.5 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.1 2.8 3.0

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

56,293 58,145 58,066 56,635 58,497 58,593 58,381 58,217 58,510

Participation rate

73.5 73.7 73.3 74.0 73.5 73.7 73.9 73.8 73.8

Employed

54,929 57,007 56,780 55,323 57,220 57,409 57,179 56,980 57,275

Employment-population ratio

71.8 72.2 71.7 72.3 71.9 72.2 72.3 72.2 72.3

Unemployed

1,364 1,137 1,286 1,311 1,277 1,184 1,202 1,237 1,235

Unemployment rate

2.4 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

19,215 18,837 17,350 16,954 1,865 1,883

Civilian labor force

9,456 9,265 8,301 8,206 1,155 1,059

Participation rate

49.2 49.2 47.8 48.4 61.9 56.2

Employed

9,140 8,967 8,008 7,956 1,132 1,011

Employment-population ratio

47.6 47.6 46.2 46.9 60.7 53.7

Unemployed

315 298 293 250 23 48

Unemployment rate

3.3 3.2 3.5 3.0 2.0 4.6

Not in labor force

9,759 9,572 9,049 8,748 710 824

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,171 4,363 3,460 3,642 711 721

Civilian labor force

3,345 3,484 2,818 2,994 527 490

Participation rate

80.2 79.9 81.4 82.2 74.1 68.0

Employed

3,221 3,350 2,705 2,877 516 473

Employment-population ratio

77.2 76.8 78.2 79.0 72.5 65.6

Unemployed

124 134 113 117 11 17

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.9 4.0 3.9 2.1 3.6

Not in labor force

826 879 642 649 184 231

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,060 3,029 2,578 2,523 482 506

Civilian labor force

2,428 2,277 2,073 1,951 355 326

Participation rate

79.4 75.2 80.4 77.3 73.7 64.4

Employed

2,364 2,219 2,012 1,902 352 317

Employment-population ratio

77.3 73.3 78.0 75.4 73.1 62.7

Unemployed

64 58 61 49 3 9

Unemployment rate

2.6 2.5 2.9 2.5 0.8 2.7

Not in labor force

632 752 505 572 127 180

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

7,643 7,229 7,383 6,980 260 249

Civilian labor force

1,562 1,517 1,518 1,479 43 39

Participation rate

20.4 21.0 20.6 21.2 16.7 15.6

Employed

1,493 1,471 1,449 1,439 43 32

Employment-population ratio

19.5 20.3 19.6 20.6 16.7 13.0

Unemployed

69 46 69 40 0 6

Unemployment rate

4.4 3.1 4.5 2.7 - -

Not in labor force

6,081 5,712 5,865 5,501 217 210

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,341 4,216 3,929 3,809 412 407

Civilian labor force

2,121 1,987 1,892 1,783 229 204

Participation rate

48.9 47.1 48.2 46.8 55.6 50.1

Employed

2,062 1,927 1,842 1,738 220 188

Employment-population ratio

47.5 45.7 46.9 45.6 53.5 46.3

Unemployed

59 60 50 45 9 15

Unemployment rate

2.8 3.0 2.6 2.5 3.8 7.6

Not in labor force

2,220 2,229 2,037 2,026 183 203

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

229,660 231,728 102,769 104,093 126,891 127,635

Civilian labor force

151,290 152,361 77,409 77,902 73,880 74,459

Participation rate

65.9 65.7 75.3 74.8 58.2 58.3

Employed

145,245 146,826 74,384 75,151 70,860 71,675

Employment-population ratio

63.2 63.4 72.4 72.2 55.8 56.2

Unemployed

6,045 5,535 3,025 2,751 3,020 2,784

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.6 3.9 3.5 4.1 3.7

Not in labor force

78,370 79,367 25,360 26,191 53,010 53,176

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,407 30,961 227,235 228,077

Civilian labor force

6,153 6,456 157,123 157,664

Participation rate

20.2 20.9 69.1 69.1

Employed

5,645 5,957 150,820 151,871

Employment-population ratio

18.6 19.2 66.4 66.6

Unemployed

508 499 6,304 5,793

Unemployment rate

8.3 7.7 4.0 3.7

Not in labor force

24,253 24,505 70,112 70,413

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,632 2,720 78,797 78,896

Participation rate

35.3 36.4 83.6 83.8

Employed

2,391 2,472 75,670 76,086

Employment-population ratio

32.1 33.0 80.3 80.8

Unemployed

241 248 3,127 2,810

Unemployment rate

9.2 9.1 4.0 3.6

Not in labor force

4,821 4,760 15,404 15,244

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,345 2,502 69,523 69,646

Participation rate

29.9 31.6 71.7 72.0

Employed

2,127 2,305 66,633 66,942

Employment-population ratio

27.1 29.1 68.7 69.2

Unemployed

218 197 2,890 2,704

Unemployment rate

9.3 7.9 4.2 3.9

Not in labor force

5,508 5,427 27,411 27,086

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,176 1,234 8,803 9,122

Participation rate

7.8 7.9 24.4 24.5

Employed

1,127 1,180 8,517 8,843

Employment-population ratio

7.5 7.6 23.6 23.8

Unemployed

49 54 287 279

Unemployment rate

4.2 4.4 3.3 3.1

Not in labor force

13,924 14,318 27,297 28,082

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,514 43,216 20,696 20,842 21,819 22,374

Civilian labor force

28,115 28,421 16,198 16,214 11,917 12,207

Participation rate

66.1 65.8 78.3 77.8 54.6 54.6

Employed

27,134 27,643 15,728 15,870 11,406 11,773

Employment-population ratio

63.8 64.0 76.0 76.1 52.3 52.6

Unemployed

981 778 470 344 512 433

Unemployment rate

3.5 2.7 2.9 2.1 4.3 3.6

Not in labor force

14,399 14,796 4,498 4,628 9,901 10,167

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

215,128 215,821 103,908 104,442 111,220 111,379

Civilian labor force

135,162 135,699 70,790 71,201 64,372 64,498

Participation rate

62.8 62.9 68.1 68.2 57.9 57.9

Employed

129,331 130,185 67,686 68,320 61,645 61,865

Employment-population ratio

60.1 60.3 65.1 65.4 55.4 55.5

Unemployed

5,831 5,514 3,104 2,881 2,727 2,633

Unemployment rate

4.3 4.1 4.4 4.0 4.2 4.1

Not in labor force

79,966 80,122 33,118 33,241 46,848 46,881

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,503 2,476 2,422 2,363 2,510 2,332 2,394 2,432 2,320

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,682 1,744 1,551 1,580 1,741 1,687 1,687 1,724 1,482

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

779 706 821 740 764 644 690 690 778

Unpaid family workers

42 25 51 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

153,962 154,677 155,406 153,267 154,446 154,358 154,271 154,314 154,725

Wage and salary workers(1)

145,061 145,859 146,537 144,456 145,674 145,609 145,675 145,590 145,906

Government

20,522 20,992 20,588 20,932 20,588 20,677 20,831 20,730 20,952

Private industries

124,539 124,867 125,949 123,377 125,042 124,948 124,892 124,870 124,901

Private households

769 807 849 - - - - - -

Other industries

123,770 124,060 125,101 122,667 124,243 124,153 124,075 124,064 124,115

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,808 8,786 8,850 8,728 8,780 8,727 8,569 8,711 8,766

Unpaid family workers

93 31 19 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,042 4,160 4,602 4,736 4,310 4,499 4,654 4,355 4,347

Slack work or business conditions

3,178 2,490 2,837 3,018 2,792 2,909 2,891 2,646 2,707

Could only find part-time work

1,486 1,383 1,360 1,453 1,347 1,329 1,446 1,339 1,337

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

20,308 21,672 20,555 21,336 21,153 21,297 21,322 21,366 21,524

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,974 4,070 4,529 4,657 4,244 4,439 4,589 4,241 4,258

Slack work or business conditions

3,133 2,423 2,787 2,979 2,763 2,854 2,865 2,565 2,669

Could only find part-time work

1,468 1,379 1,347 1,437 1,339 1,327 1,437 1,333 1,326

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,938 21,321 20,213 20,985 20,761 20,995 20,985 21,038 21,188

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

156,465 157,152 157,828 155,592 156,949 156,748 156,645 156,758 157,005

16 to 19 years

5,921 4,888 5,941 5,131 5,017 5,113 4,938 5,011 5,148

16 to 17 years

2,080 1,601 2,035 1,800 1,756 1,759 1,723 1,704 1,756

18 to 19 years

3,841 3,287 3,906 3,340 3,249 3,356 3,198 3,294 3,398

20 years and over

150,544 152,264 151,888 150,461 151,932 151,635 151,707 151,747 151,857

20 to 24 years

14,411 14,288 14,699 14,029 14,018 14,064 14,192 14,303 14,291

25 years and over

136,133 137,975 137,189 136,442 137,942 137,685 137,481 137,369 137,547

25 to 54 years

100,020 100,933 100,449 100,223 100,840 100,792 100,687 100,636 100,665

25 to 34 years

35,305 35,703 35,699 35,299 35,584 35,695 35,582 35,616 35,708

35 to 44 years

32,527 33,080 32,933 32,577 33,101 32,855 32,918 32,961 32,973

45 to 54 years

32,187 32,150 31,816 32,347 32,156 32,241 32,187 32,059 31,985

55 years and over

36,114 37,042 36,740 36,219 37,102 36,893 36,794 36,733 36,882

Men, 16 years and over

83,414 83,561 84,189 82,506 83,095 83,034 82,959 83,192 83,293

16 to 19 years

2,916 2,370 3,016 2,500 2,384 2,470 2,383 2,426 2,575

16 to 17 years

1,022 799 1,082 851 860 882 893 841 896

18 to 19 years

1,894 1,571 1,934 1,642 1,535 1,594 1,486 1,590 1,681

20 years and over

80,498 81,192 81,173 80,006 80,712 80,564 80,576 80,766 80,718

20 to 24 years

7,412 7,313 7,533 7,176 7,148 7,120 7,203 7,285 7,279

25 years and over

73,087 73,879 73,641 72,864 73,566 73,520 73,379 73,477 73,430

25 to 54 years

53,740 53,919 53,776 53,583 53,858 53,968 53,813 53,727 53,630

25 to 34 years

19,140 19,225 19,123 19,007 19,119 19,314 19,186 19,181 19,009

35 to 44 years

17,656 17,837 17,867 17,595 17,899 17,720 17,768 17,753 17,792

45 to 54 years

16,945 16,856 16,786 16,982 16,840 16,933 16,859 16,793 16,829

55 years and over

19,346 19,960 19,865 19,281 19,708 19,553 19,566 19,750 19,800

Women, 16 years and over

73,051 73,591 73,639 73,086 73,854 73,715 73,687 73,566 73,712

16 to 19 years

3,005 2,518 2,924 2,631 2,633 2,643 2,555 2,585 2,573

16 to 17 years

1,058 802 953 949 896 877 830 863 860

18 to 19 years

1,947 1,716 1,972 1,699 1,714 1,762 1,712 1,704 1,718

20 years and over

70,045 71,072 70,714 70,455 71,221 71,072 71,131 70,981 71,139

20 to 24 years

6,999 6,976 7,166 6,853 6,870 6,944 6,989 7,018 7,012

25 years and over

63,047 64,097 63,548 63,578 64,377 64,164 64,102 63,891 64,117

25 to 54 years

46,279 47,014 46,673 46,639 46,983 46,824 46,874 46,908 47,035

25 to 34 years

16,165 16,477 16,576 16,291 16,465 16,381 16,396 16,434 16,698

35 to 44 years

14,871 15,242 15,067 14,983 15,202 15,135 15,150 15,208 15,181

45 to 54 years

15,242 15,294 15,030 15,365 15,316 15,308 15,327 15,266 15,156

55 years and over

16,767 17,082 16,875 16,938 17,394 17,340 17,228 16,983 17,082

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

45,811 46,041 45,749 45,716 45,893 45,867 45,734 45,789 45,681

Married women, spouse present(1)

35,607 36,167 35,574 35,976 36,574 36,566 36,206 35,971 36,013

Women who maintain families(2)

9,763 9,680 9,695 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

129,937 130,059 131,542 128,571 130,159 129,969 129,778 129,695 130,148

Part-time workers(4)

26,528 27,093 26,287 27,006 26,878 26,938 26,915 26,981 26,807

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,457 7,857 7,987 7,672 7,641 7,853 7,798 7,855 8,156

Percent of total employed

4.8 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.2

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,586 6,061 6,195 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,587 9,493 9,671 9,467 9,544 9,371 9,259 9,401 9,544

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

6,537 5,888 5,975 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.7

16 to 19 years

740 726 751 12.6 13.4 12.8 13.0 12.7 12.7

16 to 17 years

298 279 300 14.2 16.0 12.6 13.7 14.1 14.6

18 to 19 years

432 443 442 11.5 12.2 12.7 12.4 11.9 11.5

20 years and over

5,797 5,161 5,224 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.3

20 to 24 years

1,126 1,077 967 7.4 7.2 7.2 6.5 7.0 6.3

25 years and over

4,640 4,060 4,268 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.0

25 to 54 years

3,444 3,027 3,154 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.0

25 to 34 years

1,417 1,302 1,324 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.5 3.6

35 to 44 years

1,039 895 956 3.1 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.8

45 to 54 years

987 830 873 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.5 2.5 2.7

55 years and over

1,164 1,031 1,150 3.1 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7 3.0

Men, 16 years and over

3,522 3,185 3,185 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.7

16 to 19 years

426 390 402 14.6 15.1 13.9 15.1 13.9 13.5

16 to 17 years

165 154 145 16.3 18.0 11.7 12.5 15.5 14.0

18 to 19 years

250 232 248 13.2 14.0 14.7 16.6 12.8 12.9

20 years and over

3,097 2,795 2,783 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3

20 to 24 years

640 658 585 8.2 7.6 8.8 7.7 8.3 7.4

25 years and over

2,440 2,124 2,192 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.9

25 to 54 years

1,802 1,604 1,646 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.0

25 to 34 years

749 680 718 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.6

35 to 44 years

530 478 445 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.4

45 to 54 years

523 447 482 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.8

55 years and over

638 520 546 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.7

Women, 16 years and over

3,015 2,703 2,790 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.6

16 to 19 years

314 336 349 10.7 11.8 11.7 11.0 11.5 12.0

16 to 17 years

132 125 155 12.2 14.0 13.5 15.0 12.6 15.2

18 to 19 years

182 210 193 9.7 10.6 10.7 8.3 11.0 10.1

20 years and over

2,701 2,366 2,441 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3

20 to 24 years

486 420 382 6.6 6.8 5.5 5.3 5.6 5.2

25 years and over

2,200 1,936 2,077 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.1

25 to 54 years

1,641 1,423 1,508 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.1

25 to 34 years

669 622 607 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.2 3.6 3.5

35 to 44 years

508 418 511 3.3 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 3.3

45 to 54 years

464 383 391 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.2 2.4 2.5

55 years and over

522 548 580 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.6 3.1 3.3

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

960 793 839 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.8

Married women, spouse present(1)

935 873 859 2.5 2.3 2.4 1.8 2.4 2.3

Women who maintain families(2)

573 483 521 5.5 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.7 5.1

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

5,260 4,735 4,733 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5

Part-time workers(4)

1,227 1,170 1,224 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,022 2,281 2,703 3,055 2,857 2,837 2,651 2,664 2,736

On temporary layoff

952 594 841 901 820 878 717 869 801

Not on temporary layoff

2,070 1,687 1,862 2,154 2,037 1,960 1,934 1,795 1,935

Permanent job losers

1,422 1,229 1,315 1,475 1,300 1,379 1,302 1,289 1,358

Persons who completed temporary jobs

647 458 547 678 737 580 632 506 577

Job leavers

776 774 871 801 840 779 737 803 888

Reentrants

2,184 1,891 1,963 2,078 1,905 2,007 1,926 1,870 1,868

New entrants

829 557 754 579 623 614 530 599 541

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

44.4 41.5 43.0 46.9 45.9 45.5 45.4 44.9 45.3

On temporary layoff

14.0 10.8 13.4 13.8 13.2 14.1 12.3 14.6 13.3

Not on temporary layoff

30.4 30.7 29.6 33.1 32.7 31.4 33.1 30.2 32.1

Job leavers

11.4 14.1 13.8 12.3 13.5 12.5 12.6 13.5 14.7

Reentrants

32.1 34.4 31.2 31.9 30.6 32.2 33.0 31.5 31.0

New entrants

12.2 10.1 12.0 8.9 10.0 9.8 9.1 10.1 9.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

1.9 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7

Job leavers

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1

New entrants

0.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,991 2,082 2,615 2,218 2,194 2,126 1,904 2,147 1,961

5 to 14 weeks

1,665 1,261 1,635 1,865 1,810 1,815 1,842 1,559 1,830

15 weeks and over

2,156 2,159 2,042 2,329 2,214 2,256 2,084 2,097 2,182

15 to 26 weeks

811 888 737 862 942 950 854 799 769

27 weeks and over

1,345 1,271 1,304 1,467 1,271 1,305 1,230 1,298 1,414

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

19.4 24.8 20.2 21.2 21.7 22.2 22.9 24.1 22.2

Median duration, in weeks

6.6 9.7 7.3 9.0 9.3 9.6 9.4 9.1 9.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

43.9 37.8 41.6 34.6 35.3 34.3 32.7 37.0 32.8

5 to 14 weeks

24.4 22.9 26.0 29.1 29.1 29.3 31.6 26.9 30.6

15 weeks and over

31.7 39.2 32.5 36.3 35.6 36.4 35.7 36.1 36.5

15 to 26 weeks

11.9 16.1 11.7 13.4 15.2 15.3 14.6 13.8 12.9

27 weeks and over

19.7 23.1 20.7 22.9 20.4 21.1 21.1 22.4 23.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019

Total, 16 years and over(1)

156,465 157,828 6,812 6,292 4.2 3.8

Management, professional, and related occupations

61,349 63,418 1,575 1,540 2.5 2.4

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

25,231 26,844 536 519 2.1 1.9

Professional and related occupations

36,118 36,574 1,039 1,020 2.8 2.7

Service occupations

27,714 27,991 1,451 1,230 5.0 4.2

Sales and office occupations

33,819 33,011 1,333 1,295 3.8 3.8

Sales and related occupations

16,096 15,391 741 534 4.4 3.4

Office and administrative support occupations

17,723 17,620 592 761 3.2 4.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,744 14,407 746 606 4.8 4.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,079 1,117 106 90 9.0 7.5

Construction and extraction occupations

8,426 8,352 479 364 5.4 4.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,239 4,938 161 152 3.0 3.0

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

18,839 19,002 870 837 4.4 4.2

Production occupations

8,670 8,785 331 309 3.7 3.4

Transportation and material moving occupations

10,170 10,216 539 528 5.0 4.9

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019

Total, 16 years and over(1)

6,812 6,292 4.2 3.8

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

4,867 4,506 3.8 3.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

23 24 2.9 3.2

Construction

466 390 4.7 4.0

Manufacturing

491 450 3.1 2.8

Durable goods

268 285 2.8 2.8

Nondurable goods

223 165 3.7 2.8

Wholesale and retail trade

858 761 4.2 3.9

Transportation and utilities

232 272 3.2 3.7

Information

126 70 4.6 2.7

Financial activities

210 200 2.1 2.0

Professional and business services

562 650 3.3 3.6

Education and health services

768 750 3.2 3.0

Leisure and hospitality

851 739 5.7 4.9

Other services

281 200 3.9 3.0

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

127 96 7.2 5.9

Government workers

685 707 3.2 3.3

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

304 229 3.0 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2018
May
2019
June
2019
June
2018
Feb.
2019
Mar.
2019
Apr.
2019
May
2019
June
2019

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.9 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

4.2 3.4 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.4 3.6 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

5.0 4.2 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.6

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

8.1 6.7 7.5 7.8 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.1 7.2

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019
June
2018
June
2019

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

94,365 94,917 37,616 37,870 56,749 57,048

Persons who currently want a job

5,654 5,725 2,608 2,725 3,046 3,000

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,437 1,571 804 811 633 759

Discouraged workers(2)

359 425 240 295 120 130

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,078 1,146 565 516 513 629

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,457 7,987 3,631 3,893 3,826 4,094

Percent of total employed

4.8 5.1 4.4 4.6 5.2 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,136 4,340 2,150 2,340 1,986 2,000

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,872 2,052 689 684 1,183 1,368

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

360 330 242 213 118 118

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,032 1,186 519 623 513 563

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
Change from:
May2019 - June2019(p)

Total nonfarm

150,062 150,938 151,600 152,307 149,007 151,012 151,084 151,308 224

Total private

127,701 128,007 128,759 129,809 126,554 128,481 128,564 128,755 191

Goods-producing

21,009 20,905 21,112 21,392 20,706 21,072 21,083 21,120 37

Mining and logging

740 747 754 763 735 756 759 758 -1

Logging

48.5 43.4 45.5 48.7 48.4 45.8 46.8 47.8 1.0

Mining

691.3 703.6 708.5 713.8 686.1 710.3 711.7 710.4 -1.3

Oil and gas extraction

147.3 153.9 156.4 159.5 145.8 155.3 156.8 158.2 1.4

Mining, except oil and gas

196.5 194.0 196.8 198.7 192.7 195.3 195.4 195.3 -0.1

Coal mining

52.2 52.4 52.9 52.9 52.1 52.4 53.0 53.0 0.0

Metal ore mining

42.1 41.2 41.3 41.9 41.7 41.5 41.2 41.4 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

102.2 100.4 102.6 103.9 98.9 101.4 101.3 100.9 -0.4

Support activities for mining

347.5 355.7 355.3 355.6 347.6 359.7 359.5 356.9 -2.6

Construction

7,497 7,380 7,543 7,697 7,284 7,482 7,487 7,508 21

Construction of buildings

1,661.6 1,629.7 1,648.4 1,688.6 1,626.7 1,652.3 1,652.9 1,659.0 6.1

Residential building

823.7 819.6 829.4 851.5 805.9 830.4 830.0 834.6 4.6

Nonresidential building

837.9 810.1 819.0 837.1 820.8 821.9 822.9 824.4 1.5

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,108.2 1,070.5 1,112.9 1,133.9 1,055.3 1,088.6 1,080.9 1,082.4 1.5

Specialty trade contractors

4,727.5 4,679.8 4,781.8 4,874.6 4,601.6 4,741.2 4,753.6 4,766.9 13.3

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,085.1 2,037.4 2,087.2 2,127.7 2,022.3 2,066.0 2,070.2 2,071.6 1.4

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,642.4 2,642.4 2,694.6 2,746.9 2,579.3 2,675.2 2,683.4 2,695.3 11.9

Manufacturing

12,772 12,778 12,815 12,932 12,687 12,834 12,837 12,854 17

Durable goods

8,000 8,036 8,053 8,116 7,944 8,055 8,058 8,070 12

Wood products

412.1 408.5 407.6 412.2 407.0 410.3 409.4 410.2 0.8

Nonmetallic mineral products

422.4 413.6 418.8 421.1 414.2 414.6 414.3 414.5 0.2

Primary metals

379.4 381.5 382.2 382.6 378.7 381.8 381.9 382.5 0.6

Fabricated metal products

1,478.8 1,481.1 1,483.3 1,490.6 1,469.3 1,483.2 1,481.8 1,480.4 -1.4

Machinery

1,129.4 1,136.2 1,138.1 1,149.0 1,121.3 1,139.3 1,139.7 1,144.1 4.4

Computer and electronic products

1,060.7 1,073.0 1,074.6 1,090.4 1,055.1 1,077.2 1,079.1 1,085.6 6.5

Computer and peripheral equipment

157.0 158.9 159.8 161.2 156.4 159.6 160.7 161.0 0.3

Communications equipment

86.3 86.3 85.1 86.4 85.5 86.5 85.8 85.9 0.1

Semiconductors and electronic components

371.8 375.2 375.6 381.1 369.7 376.3 376.9 378.9 2.0

Electronic instruments

411.7 419.6 420.5 427.5 409.9 421.2 421.9 425.8 3.9

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

33.9 33.0 33.6 34.2 33.6 33.6 33.8 34.0 0.2

Electrical equipment and appliances

400.8 401.5 400.9 403.5 398.1 403.0 402.5 402.6 0.1

Transportation equipment(1)

1,710.2 1,733.9 1,735.6 1,747.7 1,700.7 1,735.6 1,738.7 1,739.8 1.1

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

1,002.0 997.6 995.6 1,001.5 995.5 996.4 997.9 997.7 -0.2

Furniture and related products

396.4 393.7 394.8 396.1 394.0 394.5 393.6 391.8 -1.8

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

609.9 613.3 617.5 622.8 605.7 615.5 617.1 618.9 1.8

Nondurable goods

4,772 4,742 4,762 4,816 4,743 4,779 4,779 4,784 5

Food manufacturing

1,631.3 1,611.5 1,617.0 1,644.8 1,621.9 1,635.0 1,633.8 1,633.7 -0.1

Textile mills

112.8 113.4 112.0 111.8 112.3 113.4 112.7 111.6 -1.1

Textile product mills

116.4 114.3 113.4 113.8 115.8 114.5 114.1 113.9 -0.2

Apparel

113.2 108.2 108.2 109.0 113.2 108.2 108.1 108.3 0.2

Paper and paper products

368.1 369.5 370.8 370.8 366.4 370.0 370.0 369.1 -0.9

Printing and related support activities

432.6 418.9 419.4 421.6 430.9 420.9 421.0 420.8 -0.2

Petroleum and coal products

118.2 115.0 118.1 119.1 115.7 116.7 117.0 116.3 -0.7

Chemicals

840.3 854.8 857.5 862.5 836.3 856.8 857.3 858.5 1.2

Plastics and rubber products

733.4 735.1 738.3 746.6 730.7 736.3 737.5 741.8 4.3

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

305.8 301.3 306.8 315.6 300.2 307.1 307.5 310.1 2.6

Private service-providing

106,692 107,102 107,647 108,417 105,848 107,409 107,481 107,635 154

Trade, transportation, and utilities

27,660 27,558 27,692 27,844 27,622 27,809 27,813 27,833 20

Wholesale trade

5,867.6 5,915.8 5,940.5 5,965.5 5,835.0 5,929.8 5,936.8 5,936.9 0.1

Durable goods

3,161.0 3,202.6 3,211.1 3,225.4 3,144.3 3,209.2 3,213.0 3,213.8 0.8

Nondurable goods

2,157.2 2,161.3 2,175.7 2,184.5 2,143.3 2,166.1 2,170.0 2,170.4 0.4

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

549.4 551.9 553.7 555.6 547.4 554.5 553.8 552.7 -1.1

Retail trade

15,844.9 15,624.9 15,694.8 15,783.5 15,822.1 15,787.0 15,779.7 15,773.9 -5.8

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

2,031.9 2,047.0 2,052.9 2,062.2 2,018.5 2,048.2 2,048.8 2,049.4 0.6

Automobile dealers

1,301.9 1,308.9 1,309.2 1,311.9 1,298.5 1,311.4 1,310.1 1,308.8 -1.3

Other motor vehicle dealers

167.2 161.8 166.2 168.4 157.9 160.8 160.0 159.7 -0.3

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

562.8 576.3 577.5 581.9 562.1 576.0 578.8 580.9 2.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores

474.5 482.1 481.1 480.0 480.5 487.4 486.8 485.7 -1.1

Electronics and appliance stores

485.0 466.2 463.8 461.8 493.4 471.8 470.9 470.0 -0.9

Building material and garden supply stores

1,375.4 1,348.8 1,368.0 1,365.3 1,310.7 1,301.8 1,302.3 1,305.2 2.9

Food and beverage stores

3,102.2 3,091.3 3,105.3 3,139.8 3,074.9 3,117.5 3,117.3 3,116.8 -0.5

Health and personal care stores

1,057.2 1,038.3 1,037.9 1,044.5 1,060.1 1,046.5 1,044.2 1,045.1 0.9

Gasoline stations

944.2 936.5 947.6 960.2 932.5 944.4 946.8 949.2 2.4

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,354.2 1,295.9 1,289.9 1,303.0 1,373.7 1,342.4 1,332.8 1,327.3 -5.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

582.7 542.5 544.1 554.3 597.3 559.4 559.1 562.8 3.7

General merchandise stores

3,029.1 2,981.6 2,990.0 2,990.8 3,076.3 3,050.9 3,050.4 3,045.3 -5.1

Department stores

1,110.8 1,080.3 1,071.3 1,073.2 1,147.3 1,120.4 1,115.7 1,112.3 -3.4

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

1,918.3 1,901.3 1,918.7 1,917.6 1,929.0 1,930.4 1,934.7 1,933.0 -1.7

Miscellaneous store retailers

842.0 821.5 840.2 844.6 832.2 835.3 837.8 836.7 -1.1

Nonstore retailers

566.5 573.2 574.0 577.0 572.0 581.4 582.5 580.4 -2.1

Transportation and warehousing

5,389.1 5,466.9 5,504.6 5,536.6 5,409.2 5,540.0 5,543.3 5,567.2 23.9

Air transportation

505.1 513.5 515.3 520.9 500.7 514.2 514.4 517.4 3.0

Rail transportation

214.6 210.1 208.3 208.3 213.9 210.5 208.2 208.4 0.2

Water transportation

67.7 63.7 65.6 66.1 65.2 64.4 64.4 63.9 -0.5

Truck transportation

1,500.1 1,503.5 1,520.0 1,535.8 1,486.5 1,517.2 1,519.0 1,523.3 4.3

Transit and ground passenger transportation

483.9 506.6 507.5 491.6 491.0 492.8 491.2 496.7 5.5

Pipeline transportation

49.1 47.2 48.1 47.8 49.0 47.4 47.9 47.8 -0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

42.5 30.2 36.8 41.4 33.9 34.3 33.9 33.3 -0.6

Support activities for transportation

711.3 716.4 717.2 723.0 710.3 719.1 720.6 724.8 4.2

Couriers and messengers

691.1 702.8 709.4 723.0 722.4 752.4 755.2 761.7 6.5

Warehousing and storage

1,123.7 1,172.9 1,176.4 1,178.7 1,136.3 1,187.7 1,188.5 1,189.9 1.4

Utilities

558.2 550.5 552.3 558.3 555.3 552.3 553.3 554.7 1.4

Information

2,847 2,796 2,794 2,813 2,831 2,806 2,806 2,808 2

Publishing industries, except Internet

733.4 731.6 732.7 738.3 733.6 735.7 737.4 738.6 1.2

Motion picture and sound recording industries

442.4 421.3 427.8 428.9 434.3 420.8 422.1 425.2 3.1

Broadcasting, except Internet

270.7 269.1 268.0 268.4 270.6 269.2 269.9 268.9 -1.0

Telecommunications

757.0 715.7 716.8 721.7 754.2 721.1 721.8 721.3 -0.5

Data processing, hosting and related services

334.1 330.6 330.4 332.2 331.8 331.0 331.1 331.3 0.2

Other information services

309.0 328.1 318.3 323.0 306.3 327.9 323.2 323.1 -0.1

Financial activities

8,628 8,607 8,635 8,711 8,567 8,651 8,653 8,655 2

Finance and insurance

6,339.8 6,312.1 6,317.9 6,351.1 6,317.0 6,333.3 6,334.9 6,334.2 -0.7

Monetary authorities - central bank

19.7 19.6 19.6 19.4 19.6 19.6 19.5 19.3 -0.2

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,664.9 2,620.7 2,624.3 2,638.4 2,652.8 2,631.2 2,631.0 2,629.0 -2.0

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,727.4 1,705.8 1,707.0 1,716.5 1,719.5 1,709.6 1,708.8 1,707.5 -1.3

Commercial banking

1,330.8 1,305.3 1,305.9 1,311.9 1,325.2 1,307.6 1,307.0 1,305.9 -1.1

Nondepository credit intermediation

627.8 609.2 612.9 617.3 625.7 615.2 616.3 616.9 0.6

Activities related to credit intermediation

309.7 305.7 304.4 304.6 307.6 306.4 305.9 304.7 -1.2

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

957.1 967.7 966.6 976.9 953.7 972.2 972.5 975.4 2.9

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,698.1 2,704.1 2,707.4 2,716.4 2,690.9 2,710.3 2,711.9 2,710.5 -1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,288.3 2,294.9 2,316.6 2,359.8 2,249.7 2,317.5 2,318.5 2,320.8 2.3

Real estate

1,676.4 1,688.6 1,698.7 1,727.8 1,659.1 1,700.4 1,704.4 1,708.9 4.5

Rental and leasing services

587.7 583.4 594.9 608.5 566.9 594.0 591.1 589.0 -2.1

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

24.2 22.9 23.0 23.5 23.7 23.1 23.0 22.9 -0.1

Professional and business services

21,133 21,333 21,393 21,595 20,980 21,387 21,411 21,462 51

Professional and technical services

9,276.7 9,579.6 9,498.8 9,570.9 9,287.6 9,532.2 9,553.9 9,583.8 29.9

Legal services

1,153.8 1,136.3 1,139.8 1,154.8 1,141.2 1,141.6 1,143.6 1,143.9 0.3

Accounting and bookkeeping services

956.8 1,133.2 1,005.9 998.9 1,014.1 1,046.3 1,050.2 1,053.9 3.7

Architectural and engineering services

1,492.6 1,499.7 1,514.2 1,536.8 1,473.6 1,511.7 1,515.5 1,518.9 3.4

Specialized design services

144.7 150.0 150.1 150.7 143.8 149.7 149.1 149.6 0.5

Computer systems design and related services

2,112.6 2,190.5 2,202.3 2,206.8 2,116.6 2,196.4 2,202.4 2,209.6 7.2

Management and technical consulting services

1,483.8 1,515.1 1,518.8 1,535.0 1,480.3 1,523.5 1,523.1 1,530.2 7.1

Scientific research and development services

699.1 717.8 722.6 735.1 691.3 721.9 723.7 728.0 4.3

Advertising and related services

492.0 486.4 490.5 493.8 489.8 487.5 489.9 491.4 1.5

Other professional and technical services

741.3 750.6 754.6 759.0 737.0 753.6 756.3 758.3 2.0

Management of companies and enterprises

2,394.9 2,399.1 2,400.8 2,427.0 2,377.6 2,409.2 2,406.9 2,411.3 4.4

Administrative and waste services

9,461.0 9,354.7 9,493.4 9,597.4 9,314.8 9,445.5 9,450.3 9,466.5 16.2

Administrative and support services

9,016.9 8,903.8 9,039.2 9,135.0 8,877.5 8,991.5 8,996.5 9,010.5 14.0

Office administrative services

517.4 527.8 531.7 537.4 515.2 528.9 530.9 533.3 2.4

Facilities support services

152.6 154.5 154.8 154.5 152.4 154.9 155.3 155.4 0.1

Employment services(1)

3,682.0 3,637.3 3,683.4 3,718.7 3,667.3 3,709.8 3,711.3 3,714.8 3.5

Temporary help services

3,008.2 2,969.2 3,006.6 3,034.6 2,999.0 3,034.3 3,034.0 3,038.3 4.3

Business support services

882.5 884.8 879.1 877.7 896.3 893.8 894.6 894.1 -0.5

Travel arrangement and reservation services

223.6 215.4 218.0 219.1 219.6 215.1 215.7 215.5 -0.2

Investigation and security services

945.8 950.1 956.0 956.2 945.7 954.3 956.4 956.9 0.5

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,281.9 2,196.5 2,275.5 2,325.5 2,154.6 2,197.8 2,196.1 2,201.2 5.1

Other support services

331.1 337.4 340.7 345.9 326.3 336.9 336.2 339.4 3.2

Waste management and remediation services

444.1 450.9 454.2 462.4 437.3 454.0 453.8 456.0 2.2

Education and health services

23,439 24,308 24,213 24,051 23,646 24,142 24,170 24,231 61

Educational services

3,519.4 3,948.0 3,802.7 3,584.3 3,739.0 3,773.4 3,774.8 3,786.2 11.4

Health care and social assistance

19,919.3 20,359.7 20,410.2 20,466.5 19,906.7 20,368.4 20,394.7 20,445.2 50.5

Health care(3)

15,999.4 16,306.8 16,337.3 16,407.5 15,985.0 16,335.2 16,352.9 16,387.8 34.9

Ambulatory health care services

7,493.7 7,708.4 7,735.6 7,760.7 7,490.3 7,716.4 7,730.2 7,748.7 18.5

Offices of physicians

2,615.4 2,664.9 2,676.4 2,685.4 2,617.4 2,671.1 2,679.5 2,686.2 6.7

Offices of dentists

958.4 981.4 983.3 985.7 954.6 983.2 984.1 983.0 -1.1

Offices of other health practitioners

930.4 963.3 970.0 969.7 927.9 963.2 964.9 966.2 1.3

Outpatient care centers

931.2 967.1 968.7 971.4 931.7 967.5 967.8 971.6 3.8

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

278.6 288.8 289.2 290.6 278.5 288.8 290.0 289.7 -0.3

Home health care services

1,470.5 1,531.7 1,536.8 1,546.0 1,470.6 1,531.9 1,533.6 1,541.6 8.0

Other ambulatory health care services

309.2 311.2 311.2 311.9 309.6 310.7 310.4 310.4 0.0

Hospitals

5,138.0 5,219.1 5,217.0 5,243.8 5,139.4 5,228.8 5,233.7 5,244.9 11.2

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,367.7 3,379.3 3,384.7 3,403.0 3,355.3 3,390.0 3,389.0 3,394.2 5.2

Nursing care facilities

1,610.7 1,601.3 1,602.4 1,609.4 1,605.6 1,607.0 1,605.5 1,607.1 1.6

Residential mental health facilities

644.7 649.8 651.9 656.4 643.3 651.0 651.3 653.8 2.5

Community care facilities for the elderly

946.4 960.0 961.3 967.7 943.0 963.3 963.4 965.1 1.7

Other residential care facilities

165.9 168.2 169.1 169.5 163.5 168.7 168.8 168.1 -0.7

Social assistance

3,919.9 4,052.9 4,072.9 4,059.0 3,921.7 4,033.2 4,041.8 4,057.4 15.6

Individual and family services

2,467.4 2,549.6 2,559.2 2,564.9 2,457.1 2,544.7 2,549.3 2,555.3 6.0

Emergency and other relief services

174.3 176.4 176.4 179.0 173.8 176.9 177.3 179.1 1.8

Vocational rehabilitation services

332.7 326.5 328.6 330.3 328.7 328.2 327.9 326.8 -1.1

Child day care services

945.5 1,000.4 1,008.7 984.8 962.1 983.4 987.2 996.1 8.9

Leisure and hospitality

17,051 16,575 16,965 17,396 16,343 16,687 16,705 16,713 8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,700.6 2,405.5 2,540.5 2,763.7 2,384.3 2,462.1 2,459.5 2,458.3 -1.2

Performing arts and spectator sports

531.6 536.9 554.3 556.8 499.1 518.9 522.3 524.6 2.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

187.3 172.3 181.1 191.5 169.8 175.6 174.9 175.6 0.7

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,981.7 1,696.3 1,805.1 2,015.4 1,715.4 1,767.6 1,762.3 1,758.1 -4.2

Accommodation and food services

14,350.2 14,169.7 14,424.5 14,632.6 13,959.0 14,224.6 14,245.4 14,254.7 9.3

Accommodation

2,137.1 1,998.5 2,063.4 2,173.1 2,031.4 2,047.0 2,059.7 2,069.3 9.6

Food services and drinking places

12,213.1 12,171.2 12,361.1 12,459.5 11,927.6 12,177.6 12,185.7 12,185.4 -0.3

Other services

5,934 5,925 5,955 6,007 5,859 5,927 5,923 5,933 10

Repair and maintenance

1,342.2 1,359.7 1,363.9 1,367.2 1,329.6 1,355.0 1,353.8 1,357.8 4.0

Personal and laundry services

1,531.8 1,539.3 1,552.7 1,551.0 1,513.8 1,535.5 1,534.9 1,534.4 -0.5

Membership associations and organizations

3,059.6 3,025.8 3,037.9 3,088.5 3,015.6 3,036.4 3,034.6 3,040.9 6.3

Government

22,361 22,931 22,841 22,498 22,453 22,531 22,520 22,553 33

Federal

2,810.0 2,802.0 2,812.0 2,828.0 2,795.0 2,810.0 2,812.0 2,814.0 2.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,205.9 2,197.2 2,203.3 2,219.4 2,188.8 2,202.7 2,201.9 2,202.4 0.5

U.S. Postal Service

604.1 604.8 608.2 608.2 605.9 607.7 610.0 611.4 1.4

State government

4,927.0 5,347.0 5,171.0 4,916.0 5,178.0 5,176.0 5,166.0 5,168.0 2.0

State government education

2,209.9 2,653.8 2,469.0 2,193.9 2,481.6 2,483.1 2,470.5 2,466.7 -3.8

State government, excluding education

2,717.3 2,692.8 2,702.1 2,721.8 2,695.9 2,693.3 2,695.5 2,701.6 6.1

Local government

14,624.0 14,782.0 14,858.0 14,754.0 14,480.0 14,545.0 14,542.0 14,571.0 29.0

Local government education

7,914.0 8,312.0 8,301.5 7,976.0 7,967.5 7,989.3 7,982.9 7,985.7 2.8

Local government, excluding education

6,710.1 6,469.8 6,556.1 6,777.7 6,512.1 6,555.7 6,559.2 6,585.6 26.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.5 34.4 34.4 34.4

Goods-producing

40.5 40.3 40.3 40.4

Mining and logging

46.4 46.7 46.2 46.4

Construction

39.2 39.1 39.1 39.3

Manufacturing

40.9 40.6 40.6 40.7

Durable goods

41.4 41.0 41.0 41.1

Nondurable goods

40.2 40.0 40.0 40.0

Private service-providing

33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.6 34.3 34.3 34.3

Wholesale trade

39.1 39.0 38.9 39.0

Retail trade

31.2 30.7 30.7 30.7

Transportation and warehousing

39.0 38.7 38.6 38.5

Utilities

42.0 41.8 42.2 42.8

Information

35.8 36.2 36.4 36.4

Financial activities

37.7 37.6 37.6 37.6

Professional and business services

36.2 36.2 36.3 36.3

Education and health services

33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0

Leisure and hospitality

26.1 26.0 25.8 25.9

Other services

31.8 31.8 31.8 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4

Durable goods

3.5 3.3 3.3 3.3

Nondurable goods

3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)

Total private

$27.05 $27.75 $27.84 $27.90 $933.23 $954.60 $957.70 $959.76

Goods-producing

28.19 28.81 28.90 28.96 1,141.70 1,161.04 1,164.67 1,169.98

Mining and logging

32.53 33.46 33.62 33.68 1,509.39 1,562.58 1,553.24 1,562.75

Construction

29.79 30.60 30.69 30.73 1,167.77 1,196.46 1,199.98 1,207.69

Manufacturing

27.03 27.50 27.58 27.65 1,105.53 1,116.50 1,119.75 1,125.36

Durable goods

28.36 28.97 29.06 29.13 1,174.10 1,187.77 1,191.46 1,197.24

Nondurable goods

24.74 24.95 25.03 25.07 994.55 998.00 1,001.20 1,002.80

Private service-providing

26.78 27.50 27.58 27.65 894.45 915.75 918.41 920.75

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23.27 24.01 24.12 24.17 805.14 823.54 827.32 829.03

Wholesale trade

30.51 31.18 31.36 31.44 1,192.94 1,216.02 1,219.90 1,226.16

Retail trade

18.68 19.46 19.50 19.57 582.82 597.42 598.65 600.80

Transportation and warehousing

24.29 24.68 24.81 24.75 947.31 955.12 957.67 952.88

Utilities

40.36 41.59 41.88 41.94 1,695.12 1,738.46 1,767.34 1,795.03

Information

39.73 41.77 41.78 41.71 1,422.33 1,512.07 1,520.79 1,518.24

Financial activities

34.68 35.77 35.83 35.98 1,307.44 1,344.95 1,347.21 1,352.85

Professional and business services

32.50 33.37 33.46 33.59 1,176.50 1,207.99 1,214.60 1,219.32

Education and health services

27.00 27.42 27.41 27.47 891.00 904.86 904.53 906.51

Leisure and hospitality

15.95 16.44 16.52 16.56 416.30 427.44 426.22 428.90

Other services

24.52 24.89 24.94 24.96 779.74 791.50 793.09 793.73

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
Percent change from:
May
2019 - June
2019(p)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
Percent change from:
May
2019 - June
2019(p)

Total private

109.6 110.9 111.0 111.2 0.2 141.7 147.2 147.7 148.3 0.4

Goods-producing

95.5 96.7 96.8 97.2 0.4 121.7 126.0 126.4 127.2 0.6

Mining and logging

107.2 110.9 110.2 110.5 0.3 140.0 149.0 148.7 149.4 0.5

Construction

98.4 100.8 100.9 101.7 0.8 127.4 134.1 134.6 135.8 0.9

Manufacturing

93.4 93.7 93.8 94.1 0.3 117.3 119.9 120.3 121.0 0.6

Durable goods

92.6 93.0 93.0 93.4 0.4 116.6 119.6 120.0 120.8 0.7

Nondurable goods

95.2 95.4 95.4 95.5 0.1 119.5 120.8 121.2 121.5 0.2

Private service-providing

113.7 115.1 115.1 115.3 0.2 148.0 153.8 154.3 154.9 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

104.2 104.0 104.0 104.1 0.1 130.7 134.6 135.2 135.6 0.3

Wholesale trade

100.6 102.0 101.9 102.1 0.2 128.4 133.0 133.6 134.3 0.5

Retail trade

100.2 98.4 98.4 98.3 -0.1 123.7 126.6 126.8 127.2 0.3

Transportation and warehousing

120.6 122.5 122.3 122.5 0.2 148.6 153.4 153.9 153.8 -0.1

Utilities

100.9 99.9 101.0 102.7 1.7 134.6 137.3 139.8 142.3 1.8

Information

92.6 92.8 93.3 93.3 0.0 130.9 138.0 138.8 138.6 -0.1

Financial activities

105.8 106.5 106.6 106.6 0.0 143.1 148.6 148.9 149.6 0.5

Professional and business services

119.1 121.4 121.9 122.2 0.2 156.7 164.0 165.1 166.1 0.6

Education and health services

127.4 130.1 130.2 130.6 0.3 165.5 171.6 171.7 172.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

121.7 123.8 123.0 123.5 0.4 156.6 164.2 163.9 165.0 0.7

Other services

107.4 108.7 108.6 108.8 0.2 144.4 148.2 148.4 148.8 0.3

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)

Total nonfarm

73,999 75,233 75,304 75,387 49.7 49.8 49.8 49.8

Total private

61,074 62,227 62,304 62,380 48.3 48.4 48.5 48.4

Goods-producing

4,574 4,692 4,703 4,711 22.1 22.3 22.3 22.3

Mining and logging

93 97 98 99 12.7 12.8 12.9 13.1

Construction

933 964 972 976 12.8 12.9 13.0 13.0

Manufacturing

3,548 3,631 3,633 3,636 28.0 28.3 28.3 28.3

Durable goods

1,875 1,928 1,932 1,936 23.6 23.9 24.0 24.0

Nondurable goods

1,673 1,703 1,701 1,700 35.3 35.6 35.6 35.5

Private service-providing

56,500 57,535 57,601 57,669 53.4 53.6 53.6 53.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,094 11,150 11,152 11,142 40.2 40.1 40.1 40.0

Wholesale trade

1,732.2 1,786.9 1,790.9 1,791.1 29.7 30.1 30.2 30.2

Retail trade

7,886.1 7,833.4 7,829.8 7,816.0 49.8 49.6 49.6 49.6

Transportation and warehousing

1,346.0 1,397.0 1,399.2 1,401.8 24.9 25.2 25.2 25.2

Utilities

129.7 132.2 132.4 132.9 23.4 23.9 23.9 24.0

Information

1,121 1,118 1,111 1,111 39.6 39.8 39.6 39.6

Financial activities

4,851 4,890 4,891 4,886 56.6 56.5 56.5 56.5

Professional and business services

9,509 9,718 9,742 9,759 45.3 45.4 45.5 45.5

Education and health services

18,232 18,638 18,669 18,724 77.1 77.2 77.2 77.3

Leisure and hospitality

8,584 8,855 8,871 8,877 52.5 53.1 53.1 53.1

Other services

3,109 3,166 3,165 3,170 53.1 53.4 53.4 53.4

Government

12,925 13,006 13,000 13,007 57.6 57.7 57.7 57.7

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)

Total private

104,294 105,796 105,869 105,997

Goods-producing

14,889 15,104 15,103 15,117

Mining and logging

548 560 559 557

Construction

5,441 5,563 5,570 5,585

Manufacturing

8,900 8,981 8,974 8,975

Durable goods

5,463 5,544 5,544 5,548

Nondurable goods

3,437 3,437 3,430 3,427

Private service-providing

89,405 90,692 90,766 90,880

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,367 23,518 23,535 23,539

Wholesale trade

4,680.5 4,768.9 4,772.3 4,768.9

Retail trade

13,532.1 13,468.6 13,473.7 13,465.0

Transportation and warehousing

4,710.4 4,838.9 4,845.6 4,860.3

Utilities

444.4 441.6 443.0 444.4

Information

2,278 2,259 2,259 2,264

Financial activities

6,634 6,699 6,700 6,699

Professional and business services

17,116 17,442 17,449 17,473

Education and health services

20,779 21,193 21,224 21,284

Leisure and hospitality

14,386 14,670 14,693 14,706

Other services

4,845 4,911 4,906 4,915

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.8 33.6 33.6 33.6

Goods-producing

41.5 41.1 41.1 41.2

Mining and logging

47.8 47.3 46.9 47.3

Construction

39.9 39.6 39.7 39.8

Manufacturing

42.1 41.7 41.6 41.7

Durable goods

42.5 42.0 41.9 42.0

Nondurable goods

41.5 41.2 41.1 41.1

Private service-providing

32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.0 33.9 33.8 33.8

Wholesale trade

39.0 38.7 38.7 38.7

Retail trade

30.5 30.4 30.3 30.3

Transportation and warehousing

38.5 38.0 38.0 38.0

Utilities

42.6 42.2 42.5 42.5

Information

35.4 35.4 35.4 35.6

Financial activities

37.0 36.9 36.9 36.8

Professional and business services

35.4 35.4 35.4 35.5

Education and health services

32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

25.0 24.7 24.6 24.7

Other services

30.8 30.8 30.7 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2

Durable goods

4.6 4.3 4.2 4.2

Nondurable goods

4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)

Total private

$22.67 $23.30 $23.39 $23.43 $766.25 $782.88 $785.90 $787.25

Goods-producing

23.90 24.59 24.65 24.68 991.85 1,010.65 1,013.12 1,016.82

Mining and logging

28.14 29.91 29.89 29.77 1,345.09 1,414.74 1,401.84 1,408.12

Construction

27.58 28.42 28.46 28.48 1,100.44 1,125.43 1,129.86 1,133.50

Manufacturing

21.48 21.96 22.03 22.07 904.31 915.73 916.45 920.32

Durable goods

22.47 22.88 22.95 23.00 954.98 960.96 961.61 966.00

Nondurable goods

19.86 20.43 20.52 20.53 824.19 841.72 843.37 843.78

Private service-providing

22.41 23.02 23.12 23.16 728.33 745.85 749.09 750.38

Trade, transportation, and utilities

19.88 20.55 20.69 20.66 675.92 696.65 699.32 698.31

Wholesale trade

25.25 26.05 26.11 26.19 984.75 1,008.14 1,010.46 1,013.55

Retail trade

15.90 16.49 16.63 16.59 484.95 501.30 503.89 502.68

Transportation and warehousing

21.79 22.42 22.59 22.47 838.92 851.96 858.42 853.86

Utilities

36.54 36.84 37.08 37.02 1,556.60 1,554.65 1,575.90 1,573.35

Information

31.76 33.32 33.48 33.54 1,124.30 1,179.53 1,185.19 1,194.02

Financial activities

26.90 27.50 27.58 27.70 995.30 1,014.75 1,017.70 1,019.36

Professional and business services

26.79 27.47 27.59 27.71 948.37 972.44 976.69 983.71

Education and health services

23.65 24.09 24.10 24.16 763.90 775.70 776.02 777.95

Leisure and hospitality

13.83 14.37 14.43 14.45 345.75 354.94 354.98 356.92

Other services

20.73 21.08 21.16 21.18 638.48 649.26 649.61 652.34

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
Percent change from:
May
2019 - June
2019(p)
June
2018
Apr.
2019
May
2019(p)
June
2019(p)
Percent change from:
May
2019 - June
2019(p)

Total private

117.4 118.4 118.5 118.7 0.2 177.9 184.4 185.3 185.8 0.3

Goods-producing

94.4 94.9 94.9 95.2 0.3 138.2 142.8 143.2 143.8 0.4

Mining and logging

139.2 140.8 139.3 140.0 0.5 227.8 244.9 242.2 242.4 0.1

Construction

108.7 110.3 110.7 111.3 0.5 161.9 169.3 170.1 171.2 0.6

Manufacturing

86.0 86.0 85.7 85.9 0.2 120.8 123.5 123.5 124.0 0.4

Durable goods

87.2 87.5 87.3 87.5 0.2 122.4 124.9 125.0 125.7 0.6

Nondurable goods

84.0 83.4 83.1 83.0 -0.1 117.9 120.5 120.4 120.4 0.0

Private service-providing

123.7 125.1 125.2 125.4 0.2 190.2 197.5 198.6 199.2 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

110.9 111.3 111.1 111.1 0.0 157.5 163.3 164.1 163.9 -0.1

Wholesale trade

108.3 109.5 109.6 109.5 -0.1 161.5 168.4 168.9 169.3 0.2

Retail trade

104.4 103.6 103.3 103.2 -0.1 142.3 146.4 147.2 146.8 -0.3

Transportation and warehousing

136.4 138.3 138.5 138.9 0.3 188.5 196.7 198.4 198.0 -0.2

Utilities

96.8 95.3 96.3 96.6 0.3 147.7 146.6 149.0 149.3 0.2

Information

92.0 91.3 91.3 92.0 0.8 144.7 150.6 151.3 152.7 0.9

Financial activities

115.6 116.4 116.4 116.1 -0.3 191.2 196.9 197.5 197.8 0.2

Professional and business services

135.5 138.1 138.1 138.7 0.4 215.8 225.5 226.6 228.5 0.8

Education and health services

143.1 145.5 145.7 146.1 0.3 223.4 231.3 231.8 233.0 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

131.7 132.7 132.4 133.1 0.5 206.9 216.6 217.0 218.3 0.6

Other services

104.7 106.1 105.6 106.2 0.6 158.1 162.9 162.9 163.8 0.6

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: July 05, 2019