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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed            USDL-10-1393
until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, October 8, 2010

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                        THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- SEPTEMBER 2010


Nonfarm payroll employment edged down (-95,000) in September, and the unem-
ployment rate was unchanged at 9.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Sta-
tistics reported today. Government employment declined (-159,000), reflec-
ting both a drop in the number of temporary jobs for Census 2010 and job 
losses in local government. Private-sector payroll employment continued 
to trend up modestly (+64,000).

Household Survey Data

The number of unemployed persons, at 14.8 million, was essentially un-
changed in September, and the unemployment rate held at 9.6 percent. (See 
table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men (9.8 
percent), adult women (8.0 percent), teenagers (26.0 percent), whites 
(8.7 percent), blacks (16.1 percent), and Hispanics (12.4 percent) showed 
little or no change in September. The jobless rate for Asians was 6.4 
percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over), 
at 6.1 million, was little changed over the month but was down by 640,000 
since a series high of 6.8 million in May. In September, 41.7 percent 
of unemployed persons had been jobless for 27 weeks or more. (See table 
A-12.)

In September, both the civilian labor force participation rate, at 64.7 
percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 58.5 percent, were un-
changed. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes 
referred to as involuntary part-time workers) rose by 612,000 over the 
month to 9.5 million. Over the past 2 months, the number of such workers 
has increased by 943,000. These individuals were working part time be-
cause their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find 
a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

About 2.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force 
in September, up from 2.2 million a year earlier. (The data are not sea-
sonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted 
and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the 
prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had 
not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table 
A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.2 million discouraged work-
ers in September, an increase of 503,000 from a year earlier. (The data 
are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not cur-
rently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for 
them. The remaining 1.3 million persons marginally attached to the labor 
force had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey 
for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See 
table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment edged down by 95,000 in September.
Government employment fell by 159,000, reflecting both the departure
of 77,000 temporary Census 2010 workers from federal government pay-
rolls and a decline of 76,000 in local government employment. Private-
sector payroll employment continued to trend up (+64,000) over the 
month. (See table B-1.)

Health care employment rose by 24,000 in September. The increase was
concentrated in ambulatory health care services (+17,000). Health care
employment has risen by an average of 21,000 per month this year.

Within professional and business services, employment services added
28,000 jobs in September. Temporary help services accounted for most
of the gain.

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drink-
ing places increased by 34,000 over the month and has risen by 104,000 
thus far in 2010.

Mining employment continued to trend up (+6,000) over the month. Mining 
has added 77,000 jobs since a recent low in October 2009.

Employment in manufacturing changed little in September and, on net, has 
been essentially flat since May. The industry added 134,000 jobs during 
the first 5 months of the year.

Employment in wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation and ware-
housing, information, and financial activities showed little change in 
September.

Employment in construction edged down (-21,000) over the month, partly
offsetting an employment gain in August. Both the August and September
changes were concentrated among nonresidential specialty trade contrac-
tors. Construction employment has shown little net change since February.

Government employment fell by 159,000 in September. A decline in federal 
government employment was due to the loss of 77,000 temporary Census 2010 
jobs. As of September, about 6,000 temporary decennial census workers re-
mained on the federal government payroll, down from a peak of 564,000 in 
May. Employment in local government decreased by 76,000 in September with 
job losses in both education and noneducation.

In September, the average workweek for all employees was unchanged at 34.2 
hours. The manufacturing workweek for all employees decreased by 0.1 hour 
to 40.1 hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 3.0 hours. The aver-
age workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private non-
farm payrolls was unchanged at 33.5 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

Average hourly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls in-
creased by 1 cent to $22.67 in September. Over the past 12 months, aver-
age hourly earnings have increased by 1.7 percent. In September, average 
hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employ-
ees increased by 1 cent to $19.10.  (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for July was revised from 
-54,000 to -66,000, and the change for August was revised from -54,000 to 
-57,000.


____________
The Employment Situation for October is scheduled to be released on
Friday, November 5, 2010, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).



      -----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |                                                                       |
     |             Preliminary Estimates of Benchmark Revisions              |
     |                      to the Establishment Survey                      |
     |                                                                       |
     | In accordance with usual practice, the Bureau of Labor Statistics     |
     | is announcing its preliminary estimates of the upcoming annual bench- |
     | mark revision to the establishment survey employment series. The      |
     | final benchmark revision will be issued on February 4, 2011, with     |
     | the publication of the January 2011 Employment Situation news release.|
     |                                                                       |
     | Each year, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey employ-     |
     | ment estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts of employment  |
     | for the month of March derived from state unemployment insurance tax  |
     | records that nearly all employers are required to file. For national  |
     | CES employment series, the average of the absolute values of the      |
     | annual benchmark revisions over the last 10 years is 0.3 percent at   |
     | the total nonfarm level. The preliminary estimate of the benchmark    |
     | revision indicates a downward adjustment to March 2010 total nonfarm  |
     | employment of 366,000 (-0.3 percent).                                 |
     |                                                                       |
     | Table B shows the March 2010 preliminary benchmark revisions by       |
     | major industry sector. As is typically the case, many of the indivi-  |
     | dual industry series show larger percentage revisions than the total  |
     | nonfarm series, primarily because statistical sampling error is       |
     | greater at more detailed levels than at a total level.                |
     |                                                                       |
     |                                                                       |
     |                                                                       |
     | Table B. National Current Employment Statistics March 2010 prelimi-   |
     | nary benchmark revisions by major industry sector                     |
     | ----------------------------------------------------------------------|
     |                                 |                  |Percent benchmark |
     |             Industry            |Benchmark revision|     revision     |
     | --------------------------------|------------------|------------------|
     | Total nonfarm ..................|     -366,000     |       -0.3       |
     |   Total private ................|     -371,000     |        -.4       |
     |     Mining and logging..........|      -20,000     |       -3.0       |
     |     Construction ...............|      -62,000     |       -1.2       |
     |     Manufacturing ..............|     -114,000     |       -1.0       |
     |     Trade, transportation,      |                  |                  |
     |       and utilities ............|     -144,000     |        -.6       |
     |     Information ................|      -11,000     |        -.4       |
     |     Financial activities .......|       42,000     |         .6       |
     |     Professional and business   |                  |                  |
     |       services .................|       14,000     |         .1       |
     |     Education and health        |                  |                  |
     |       services .................|        6,000     |        (1)       |
     |     Leisure and hospitality.....|      -91,000     |        -.7       |
     |     Other services .............|        9,000     |         .2       |
     |   Government ...................|        5,000     |        (1)       |
      -----------------------------------------------------------------------
       (1) Less than 0.05 percent.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Change from:
Aug.
2010-
Sept.
2010

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

236,322 237,890 238,099 238,322 223

Civilian labor force

153,927 153,560 154,110 154,158 48

Participation rate

65.1 64.6 64.7 64.7 0.0

Employed

138,768 138,960 139,250 139,391 141

Employment-population ratio

58.7 58.4 58.5 58.5 0.0

Unemployed

15,159 14,599 14,860 14,767 -93

Unemployment rate

9.8 9.5 9.6 9.6 0.0

Not in labor force

82,396 84,330 83,989 84,164 175

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

9.8 9.5 9.6 9.6 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

10.3 9.7 9.8 9.8 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)

7.9 7.9 8.0 8.0 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

26.1 26.1 26.3 26.0 -0.3

White

9.1 8.6 8.7 8.7 0.0

Black or African American

15.5 15.6 16.3 16.1 -0.2

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)

7.4 8.2 7.2 6.4 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

12.7 12.1 12.0 12.4 0.4

Total, 25 years and over

8.6 8.1 8.3 8.3 0.0

Less than a high school diploma

15.0 13.8 14.0 15.4 1.4

High school graduates, no college

10.8 10.1 10.3 10.0 -0.3

Some college or associate degree

8.6 8.3 8.7 9.1 0.4

Bachelor's degree and higher

4.8 4.5 4.6 4.4 -0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

10,236 9,125 9,305 9,401 96

Job leavers

869 900 874 807 -67

Reentrants

3,255 3,393 3,411 3,436 25

New entrants

1,134 1,188 1,259 1,187 -72

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,938 2,839 2,760 2,891 131

5 to 14 weeks

3,838 3,060 3,635 3,350 -285

15 to 26 weeks

2,958 2,151 2,235 2,336 101

27 weeks and over

5,447 6,572 6,249 6,123 -126

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

9,158 8,529 8,860 9,472 612

Slack work or business conditions

6,815 6,119 6,380 6,733 353

Could only find part-time work

2,081 2,246 2,347 2,456 109

Part time for noneconomic reasons

18,590 18,157 18,558 18,234 -324

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,219 2,622 2,370 2,548 -

Discouraged workers

706 1,185 1,110 1,209 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

-225 -66 -57 -95

Total private

-186 117 93 64

Goods-producing

-121 37 10 -22

Mining and logging

-2 7 7 5

Construction

-71 -2 31 -21

Manufacturing

-48 32 -28 -6

Durable goods(1)

-39 35 -25 0

Motor vehicles and parts

-0.8 23.1 -22.2 0.6

Nondurable goods

-9 -3 -3 -6

Private service-providing(1)

-65 80 83 86

Wholesale trade

-8.3 7.2 -0.5 2.2

Retail trade

-48.3 11.1 -2.0 5.7

Transportation and warehousing

-10.4 14.5 0.6 9.6

Information

1 6 -1 -5

Financial activities

-12 -10 -3 -1

Professional and business services(1)

-22 -5 28 14

Temporary help services

-9.2 -6.7 17.7 16.9

Education and health services(1)

26 26 36 17

Health care and social assistance

33.7 27.8 36.2 32.0

Leisure and hospitality

16 11 20 38

Other services

-9 22 5 7

Government

-39 -183 -150 -159

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2)
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES

Total nonfarm women employees

49.9 49.7 49.6 49.6

Total private women employees

48.4 48.2 48.1 48.1

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.3 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.8 34.2 34.2 34.2

Average hourly earnings

$22.30 $22.59 $22.66 $22.67

Average weekly earnings

$753.74 $772.58 $774.97 $775.31

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

90.9 92.4 92.5 92.5

Over-the-month percent change

-0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

96.7 99.5 99.9 100.0

Over-the-month percent change

-0.1 0.5 0.4 0.1

HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

33.1 33.4 33.5 33.5

Average hourly earnings

$18.71 $19.04 $19.09 $19.10

Average weekly earnings

$619.30 $635.94 $639.52 $639.85

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)

97.8 99.2 99.5 99.6

Over-the-month percent change

-0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)

122.2 126.1 126.9 127.1

Over-the-month percent change

-0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2

DIFFUSION INDEX(5)
(Over 1-month span)

Total private

32.9 57.2 54.1 49.8

Manufacturing

20.1 52.4 48.2 46.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary


    Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates


Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based
estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The
establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on
the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because
of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of
about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey,
while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household
survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive
scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers,
who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants.
However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to
identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to de-
termine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does
include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not
include questions about the legal status of the foreign born.

Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data
series by incorporating additional information that was not available at
the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment
survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately suc-
ceeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents
in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more informa-
tion on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revi-
sion that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available
from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for
sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the
annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of busi-
ness establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sam-
ple is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment
estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled
to achieve that goal.
  
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account 
for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The
adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net 
jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of
the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of
Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sam-
pling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new
businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a
new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection.
BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving
unemployment insurance benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of house-
holds. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available
to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are in-
cluded even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or ques-
tion relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for
work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs
are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as
unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news release.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employ-
ment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey 
provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemploy-
ment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a 
sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Cen-
sus Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, 
and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the 
"B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 
month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural busi-
ness establishments. The sample includes about 140,000 businesses and 
government agencies representing approximately 410,000 worksites and is 
drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment  in-
surance tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately one-
third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular 
week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is 
generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. 
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period 
including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 
calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series
of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years
and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed,
or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as
paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, 
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 
hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employ-
ed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, 
bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the follow-
ing criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they 
were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts 
to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need 
not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment 
data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eli-
gibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed per-
sons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a per-
cent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-popula-
tion ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional 
information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/
cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from pri-
vate nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as
well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees
on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the
reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are
counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced
for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsu-
pervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defin-
ed as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and 
logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory em-
ployees in private service-providing industries. 

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s princi-
pal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American 
Industry Classification System. Additional information about the estab-
lishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment
surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates
derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-
     employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers
     among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.
  
   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
     employed. The establishment survey does not.
  
   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and
     older. The establishment survey is not limited by age.
  
   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than
     one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted
     separately for each appearance.
  
Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and
the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring
fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, 
major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of 
such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by
adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make non-
seasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For
example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering
the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that
have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if
the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in
the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by
about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends
in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and
beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to
analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both
the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series
for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment
in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example,
total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate
that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors
are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including
the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal
factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the es-
tablishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month 
to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months 
are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and re-
calculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revi-
sions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather
than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the
sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they
represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending
on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by
the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, 
or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ 
by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value 
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 
90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in
total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order
of plus or minus 100,0001. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confi-
dence interval on the monthly change would range from -50,000 to 
+150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,0002). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is
about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies
within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than
zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in
fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employ-
ment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is 
likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in 
fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, 
the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemploy-
ment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 280,000, and for 
the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/-0.19 per-
centage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments
have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than
estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The pre-
cision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over 
time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by
nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwill-
ingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely 
basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collec-
tion or processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most
recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only
after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly 
all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is consi-
dered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment
survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment
generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestima-
tion of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two compo-
nents is used to account for business births. The first component 
excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from 
business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based esti-
mation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out 
of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the 
other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the 
net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to
estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for 
by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and 
test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance 
universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net 
of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are ad-
justed once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll
employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment
insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based em-
ployment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a bench-
mark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. 
The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of 
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions  for 
total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from 
-0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory im-
paired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal 
Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

236,322 238,099 238,322 236,322 237,499 237,690 237,890 238,099 238,322

Civilian labor force

153,617 154,678 153,854 153,927 154,393 153,741 153,560 154,110 154,158

Participation rate

65.0 65.0 64.6 65.1 65.0 64.7 64.6 64.7 64.7

Employed

139,079 139,919 139,715 138,768 139,420 139,119 138,960 139,250 139,391

Employment-population ratio

58.9 58.8 58.6 58.7 58.7 58.5 58.4 58.5 58.5

Unemployed

14,538 14,759 14,140 15,159 14,973 14,623 14,599 14,860 14,767

Unemployment rate

9.5 9.5 9.2 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6

Not in labor force

82,706 83,421 84,468 82,396 83,107 83,949 84,330 83,989 84,164

Persons who currently want a job

5,650 6,083 5,949 5,960 5,734 5,895 5,886 5,972 6,202

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

114,411 115,317 115,433 114,411 115,001 115,102 115,207 115,317 115,433

Civilian labor force

81,769 82,685 81,845 82,197 82,245 82,017 81,962 82,299 82,187

Participation rate

71.5 71.7 70.9 71.8 71.5 71.3 71.1 71.4 71.2

Employed

73,435 74,592 73,959 73,120 73,639 73,375 73,454 73,608 73,581

Employment-population ratio

64.2 64.7 64.1 63.9 64.0 63.7 63.8 63.8 63.7

Unemployed

8,335 8,093 7,886 9,077 8,606 8,642 8,507 8,691 8,606

Unemployment rate

10.2 9.8 9.6 11.0 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.6 10.5

Not in labor force

32,642 32,632 33,588 32,214 32,756 33,084 33,245 33,017 33,247

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

105,780 106,761 106,887 105,780 106,407 106,522 106,641 106,761 106,887

Civilian labor force

78,661 79,426 79,081 78,977 79,237 79,110 78,971 79,332 79,307

Participation rate

74.4 74.4 74.0 74.7 74.5 74.3 74.1 74.3 74.2

Employed

71,225 72,215 71,978 70,861 71,477 71,316 71,332 71,521 71,545

Employment-population ratio

67.3 67.6 67.3 67.0 67.2 66.9 66.9 67.0 66.9

Unemployed

7,437 7,211 7,103 8,116 7,760 7,793 7,638 7,811 7,762

Unemployment rate

9.5 9.1 9.0 10.3 9.8 9.9 9.7 9.8 9.8

Not in labor force

27,119 27,335 27,806 26,803 27,170 27,412 27,671 27,429 27,581

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

121,911 122,783 122,889 121,911 122,499 122,589 122,683 122,783 122,889

Civilian labor force

71,848 71,993 72,009 71,729 72,148 71,724 71,598 71,811 71,971

Participation rate

58.9 58.6 58.6 58.8 58.9 58.5 58.4 58.5 58.6

Employed

65,644 65,327 65,755 65,648 65,781 65,743 65,506 65,642 65,811

Employment-population ratio

53.8 53.2 53.5 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.4 53.5 53.6

Unemployed

6,203 6,666 6,254 6,081 6,367 5,981 6,092 6,169 6,161

Unemployment rate

8.6 9.3 8.7 8.5 8.8 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.6

Not in labor force

50,064 50,789 50,880 50,182 50,350 50,865 51,085 50,972 50,918

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

113,522 114,481 114,596 113,522 114,160 114,264 114,372 114,481 114,596

Civilian labor force

68,947 68,766 69,269 68,686 69,128 68,859 68,747 68,844 69,091

Participation rate

60.7 60.1 60.4 60.5 60.6 60.3 60.1 60.1 60.3

Employed

63,398 62,845 63,653 63,280 63,505 63,516 63,314 63,356 63,586

Employment-population ratio

55.8 54.9 55.5 55.7 55.6 55.6 55.4 55.3 55.5

Unemployed

5,549 5,921 5,616 5,406 5,623 5,343 5,433 5,488 5,505

Unemployment rate

8.0 8.6 8.1 7.9 8.1 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.0

Not in labor force

44,575 45,715 45,327 44,837 45,032 45,405 45,625 45,637 45,505

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

17,020 16,857 16,839 17,020 16,932 16,904 16,877 16,857 16,839

Civilian labor force

6,008 6,486 5,504 6,264 6,028 5,772 5,843 5,934 5,760

Participation rate

35.3 38.5 32.7 36.8 35.6 34.1 34.6 35.2 34.2

Employed

4,456 4,859 4,084 4,627 4,438 4,286 4,315 4,373 4,261

Employment-population ratio

26.2 28.8 24.3 27.2 26.2 25.4 25.6 25.9 25.3

Unemployed

1,552 1,627 1,421 1,637 1,590 1,486 1,528 1,561 1,500

Unemployment rate

25.8 25.1 25.8 26.1 26.4 25.7 26.1 26.3 26.0

Not in labor force

11,012 10,371 11,334 10,756 10,905 11,132 11,034 10,923 11,079

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

191,244 192,245 192,391 191,244 191,856 191,979 192,109 192,245 192,391

Civilian labor force

125,311 125,710 125,273 125,581 125,429 124,959 125,060 125,362 125,404

Participation rate

65.5 65.4 65.1 65.7 65.4 65.1 65.1 65.2 65.2

Employed

114,496 114,941 114,900 114,215 114,359 114,163 114,300 114,470 114,500

Employment-population ratio

59.9 59.8 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.5 59.5 59.5 59.5

Unemployed

10,815 10,769 10,373 11,366 11,070 10,797 10,760 10,893 10,904

Unemployment rate

8.6 8.6 8.3 9.1 8.8 8.6 8.6 8.7 8.7

Not in labor force

65,933 66,535 67,118 65,663 66,427 67,019 67,049 66,883 66,987

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,286 65,602 65,424 65,548 65,419 65,349 65,412 65,590 65,583

Participation rate

75.1 74.9 74.6 75.4 74.9 74.7 74.7 74.9 74.8

Employed

59,578 60,221 60,102 59,279 59,639 59,561 59,662 59,738 59,755

Employment-population ratio

68.5 68.7 68.5 68.1 68.3 68.1 68.2 68.2 68.1

Unemployed

5,708 5,381 5,321 6,269 5,780 5,788 5,750 5,852 5,829

Unemployment rate

8.7 8.2 8.1 9.6 8.8 8.9 8.8 8.9 8.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

55,006 54,751 55,212 54,841 55,062 54,883 54,818 54,848 55,011

Participation rate

60.3 59.7 60.1 60.1 60.1 59.9 59.8 59.8 59.9

Employed

51,055 50,548 51,231 50,956 50,981 50,971 50,943 50,979 51,062

Employment-population ratio

56.0 55.1 55.8 55.8 55.7 55.6 55.5 55.5 55.6

Unemployed

3,951 4,203 3,981 3,884 4,081 3,911 3,875 3,869 3,949

Unemployment rate

7.2 7.7 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

5,019 5,357 4,637 5,192 4,948 4,728 4,830 4,924 4,810

Participation rate

38.6 41.7 36.1 39.9 38.3 36.7 37.5 38.3 37.5

Employed

3,863 4,173 3,566 3,980 3,739 3,630 3,695 3,752 3,683

Employment-population ratio

29.7 32.5 27.8 30.6 28.9 28.2 28.7 29.2 28.7

Unemployed

1,156 1,184 1,071 1,212 1,209 1,097 1,135 1,172 1,127

Unemployment rate

23.0 22.1 23.1 23.3 24.4 23.2 23.5 23.8 23.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,330 28,755 28,794 28,330 28,653 28,685 28,718 28,755 28,794

Civilian labor force

17,436 17,991 17,716 17,455 17,983 17,768 17,651 17,879 17,754

Participation rate

61.5 62.6 61.5 61.6 62.8 61.9 61.5 62.2 61.7

Employed

14,771 15,052 14,891 14,754 15,189 15,036 14,896 14,967 14,895

Employment-population ratio

52.1 52.3 51.7 52.1 53.0 52.4 51.9 52.0 51.7

Unemployed

2,665 2,939 2,826 2,701 2,794 2,732 2,755 2,911 2,860

Unemployment rate

15.3 16.3 15.9 15.5 15.5 15.4 15.6 16.3 16.1

Not in labor force

10,894 10,764 11,078 10,875 10,670 10,917 11,067 10,877 11,040

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

7,785 8,131 8,017 7,820 8,184 8,062 8,004 8,082 8,064

Participation rate

68.1 69.8 68.7 68.4 70.6 69.4 68.8 69.4 69.1

Employed

6,583 6,813 6,699 6,526 6,782 6,656 6,667 6,687 6,645

Employment-population ratio

57.6 58.5 57.4 57.1 58.5 57.3 57.3 57.4 56.9

Unemployed

1,203 1,318 1,318 1,294 1,402 1,406 1,337 1,395 1,419

Unemployment rate

15.5 16.2 16.4 16.5 17.1 17.4 16.7 17.3 17.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,029 9,123 9,154 8,947 9,106 9,070 9,005 9,103 9,082

Participation rate

63.5 63.1 63.2 62.9 63.3 62.9 62.4 63.0 62.7

Employed

7,820 7,835 7,914 7,827 7,977 7,998 7,847 7,902 7,940

Employment-population ratio

55.0 54.2 54.7 55.0 55.4 55.5 54.4 54.7 54.9

Unemployed

1,209 1,288 1,239 1,120 1,128 1,072 1,157 1,202 1,143

Unemployment rate

13.4 14.1 13.5 12.5 12.4 11.8 12.9 13.2 12.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

622 737 545 688 694 636 643 693 608

Participation rate

23.2 27.8 20.6 25.7 26.0 23.9 24.2 26.2 23.0

Employed

369 404 277 401 430 382 382 379 310

Employment-population ratio

13.8 15.3 10.5 15.0 16.2 14.4 14.4 14.3 11.7

Unemployed

253 332 268 287 263 254 261 314 298

Unemployment rate

40.7 45.1 49.1 41.7 38.0 39.9 40.6 45.4 49.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

10,826 11,265 11,283 - - - - - -

Civilian labor force

7,097 7,311 7,197 - - - - - -

Participation rate

65.6 64.9 63.8 - - - - - -

Employed

6,570 6,783 6,734 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

60.7 60.2 59.7 - - - - - -

Unemployed

527 528 463 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

7.4 7.2 6.4 - - - - - -

Not in labor force

3,729 3,955 4,087 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

33,110 33,836 33,927 33,110 33,578 33,662 33,747 33,836 33,927

Civilian labor force

22,413 22,832 22,918 22,444 22,789 22,674 22,738 22,729 22,910

Participation rate

67.7 67.5 67.6 67.8 67.9 67.4 67.4 67.2 67.5

Employed

19,680 20,116 20,191 19,595 19,953 19,854 19,987 20,002 20,070

Employment-population ratio

59.4 59.5 59.5 59.2 59.4 59.0 59.2 59.1 59.2

Unemployed

2,733 2,716 2,728 2,849 2,836 2,820 2,751 2,726 2,840

Unemployment rate

12.2 11.9 11.9 12.7 12.4 12.4 12.1 12.0 12.4

Not in labor force

10,697 11,004 11,009 10,666 10,789 10,989 11,009 11,107 11,017

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

12,809 13,049 13,121 - - - - - -

Participation rate

83.1 82.8 83.0 - - - - - -

Employed

11,297 11,694 11,664 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

73.3 74.2 73.8 - - - - - -

Unemployed

1,512 1,355 1,457 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

11.8 10.4 11.1 - - - - - -

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,571 8,718 8,865 - - - - - -

Participation rate

58.9 58.8 59.6 - - - - - -

Employed

7,655 7,708 7,883 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

52.6 52.0 53.0 - - - - - -

Unemployed

916 1,010 982 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

10.7 11.6 11.1 - - - - - -

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,033 1,065 933 - - - - - -

Participation rate

32.9 32.8 28.7 - - - - - -

Employed

729 714 643 - - - - - -

Employment-population ratio

23.2 22.0 19.8 - - - - - -

Unemployed

305 351 289 - - - - - -

Unemployment rate

29.5 33.0 31.0 - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

12,262 11,750 11,834 12,263 12,133 12,095 12,048 11,819 11,821

Participation rate

47.1 46.1 46.7 47.1 45.8 45.4 47.3 46.4 46.7

Employed

10,580 10,189 10,143 10,426 10,319 10,391 10,390 10,165 10,001

Employment-population ratio

40.6 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.0 39.0 40.8 39.9 39.5

Unemployed

1,682 1,562 1,691 1,837 1,814 1,704 1,658 1,654 1,820

Unemployment rate

13.7 13.3 14.3 15.0 15.0 14.1 13.8 14.0 15.4

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

37,957 38,156 37,982 38,059 38,433 38,107 37,941 38,314 38,116

Participation rate

61.9 61.7 61.6 62.0 62.0 62.0 61.6 61.9 61.9

Employed

34,147 34,458 34,460 33,956 34,251 33,993 34,113 34,373 34,289

Employment-population ratio

55.7 55.7 55.9 55.3 55.2 55.3 55.4 55.6 55.6

Unemployed

3,810 3,698 3,521 4,104 4,182 4,114 3,829 3,940 3,827

Unemployment rate

10.0 9.7 9.3 10.8 10.9 10.8 10.1 10.3 10.0

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

36,693 37,074 36,988 36,732 36,832 36,586 36,713 37,068 37,037

Participation rate

70.6 70.5 70.3 70.7 71.0 70.7 70.0 70.5 70.4

Employed

33,704 33,751 33,750 33,583 33,780 33,579 33,652 33,850 33,684

Employment-population ratio

64.9 64.2 64.1 64.6 65.1 64.9 64.1 64.4 64.0

Unemployed

2,989 3,323 3,239 3,149 3,052 3,007 3,061 3,218 3,352

Unemployment rate

8.1 9.0 8.8 8.6 8.3 8.2 8.3 8.7 9.1

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

45,958 45,733 46,573 45,910 45,718 46,246 46,015 45,676 46,472

Participation rate

77.4 75.9 76.6 77.3 77.3 77.3 76.2 75.8 76.4

Employed

43,676 43,460 44,488 43,686 43,581 44,200 43,924 43,582 44,420

Employment-population ratio

73.6 72.1 73.2 73.6 73.6 73.8 72.7 72.3 73.1

Unemployed

2,283 2,273 2,084 2,224 2,136 2,046 2,091 2,094 2,052

Unemployment rate

5.0 5.0 4.5 4.8 4.7 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

22,104 21,933 20,343 20,142 1,761 1,791

Civilian labor force

11,970 11,683 10,812 10,590 1,157 1,093

Participation rate

54.2 53.3 53.2 52.6 65.7 61.0

Employed

10,979 10,746 9,926 9,743 1,054 1,003

Employment-population ratio

49.7 49.0 48.8 48.4 59.8 56.0

Unemployed

990 937 887 847 104 90

Unemployment rate

8.3 8.0 8.2 8.0 9.0 8.2

Not in labor force

10,134 10,250 9,531 9,552 604 698

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

1,976 2,228 1,626 1,828 350 399

Civilian labor force

1,657 1,857 1,388 1,575 269 282

Participation rate

83.9 83.3 85.4 86.1 76.9 70.6

Employed

1,481 1,666 1,253 1,411 228 256

Employment-population ratio

75.0 74.8 77.1 77.1 65.1 64.1

Unemployed

176 190 135 164 41 26

Unemployment rate

10.6 10.2 9.7 10.4 15.4 9.2

Not in labor force

319 371 238 254 81 117

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,010 2,966 2,544 2,525 466 441

Civilian labor force

2,630 2,515 2,267 2,199 363 316

Participation rate

87.4 84.8 89.1 87.1 78.0 71.7

Employed

2,384 2,347 2,049 2,057 335 289

Employment-population ratio

79.2 79.1 80.5 81.5 71.9 65.6

Unemployed

246 169 218 142 29 27

Unemployment rate

9.4 6.7 9.6 6.4 7.9 8.6

Not in labor force

380 451 278 326 103 125

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

11,270 10,911 10,891 10,547 380 364

Civilian labor force

4,224 3,984 4,083 3,870 141 115

Participation rate

37.5 36.5 37.5 36.7 37.2 31.5

Employed

3,921 3,649 3,790 3,545 131 104

Employment-population ratio

34.8 33.4 34.8 33.6 34.4 28.6

Unemployed

304 336 293 325 11 10

Unemployment rate

7.2 8.4 7.2 8.4 7.5 9.1

Not in labor force

7,046 6,927 6,808 6,677 238 250

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,848 5,828 5,282 5,241 565 587

Civilian labor force

3,459 3,326 3,075 2,946 383 380

Participation rate

59.1 57.1 58.2 56.2 67.8 64.8

Employed

3,194 3,084 2,834 2,730 360 354

Employment-population ratio

54.6 52.9 53.6 52.1 63.7 60.4

Unemployed

265 242 241 216 23 26

Unemployment rate

7.7 7.3 7.9 7.3 6.0 6.9

Not in labor force

2,389 2,502 2,207 2,295 182 207

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

205,260 207,224 89,513 90,661 115,747 116,563

Civilian labor force

139,505 140,190 69,871 70,272 69,635 69,918

Participation rate

68.0 67.7 78.1 77.5 60.2 60.0

Employed

126,518 127,552 62,734 63,543 63,784 64,009

Employment-population ratio

61.6 61.6 70.1 70.1 55.1 54.9

Unemployed

12,987 12,638 7,136 6,728 5,851 5,909

Unemployment rate

9.3 9.0 10.2 9.6 8.4 8.5

Not in labor force

65,755 67,034 19,642 20,390 46,113 46,645

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

26,970 26,380 209,353 211,942

Civilian labor force

5,923 5,698 147,694 148,156

Participation rate

22.0 21.6 70.5 69.9

Employed

4,962 4,854 134,117 134,860

Employment-population ratio

18.4 18.4 64.1 63.6

Unemployed

961 844 13,577 13,296

Unemployment rate

16.2 14.8 9.2 9.0

Not in labor force

21,046 20,682 61,659 63,786

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,658 2,591 75,443 75,484

Participation rate

36.8 35.7 83.2 82.7

Employed

2,148 2,198 67,855 68,236

Employment-population ratio

29.7 30.3 74.8 74.7

Unemployed

510 393 7,588 7,247

Unemployment rate

19.2 15.2 10.1 9.6

Not in labor force

4,570 4,671 15,246 15,840

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,410 2,341 66,443 66,551

Participation rate

32.0 32.2 71.7 71.1

Employed

2,021 1,949 60,839 60,882

Employment-population ratio

26.8 26.8 65.6 65.0

Unemployed

389 393 5,604 5,669

Unemployment rate

16.2 16.8 8.4 8.5

Not in labor force

5,129 4,923 26,280 27,044

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

855 766 5,808 6,121

Participation rate

7.0 6.5 22.4 22.7

Employed

793 707 5,423 5,741

Employment-population ratio

6.5 6.0 20.9 21.2

Unemployed

62 58 385 380

Unemployment rate

7.2 7.6 6.6 6.2

Not in labor force

11,347 11,088 20,134 20,902

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

35,527 36,097 17,904 18,054 17,623 18,043

Civilian labor force

24,189 24,488 14,351 14,437 9,838 10,051

Participation rate

68.1 67.8 80.2 80.0 55.8 55.7

Employed

21,864 22,226 12,934 13,116 8,930 9,110

Employment-population ratio

61.5 61.6 72.2 72.6 50.7 50.5

Unemployed

2,325 2,262 1,417 1,322 908 940

Unemployment rate

9.6 9.2 9.9 9.2 9.2 9.4

Not in labor force

11,338 11,609 3,553 3,617 7,785 7,992

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

200,796 202,225 96,507 97,379 104,289 104,846

Civilian labor force

129,428 129,366 67,418 67,408 62,010 61,958

Participation rate

64.5 64.0 69.9 69.2 59.5 59.1

Employed

117,215 117,488 60,501 60,843 56,715 56,645

Employment-population ratio

58.4 58.1 62.7 62.5 54.4 54.0

Unemployed

12,213 11,878 6,918 6,564 5,295 5,313

Unemployment rate

9.4 9.2 10.3 9.7 8.5 8.6

Not in labor force

71,368 72,859 29,088 29,971 42,279 42,887

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,073 2,327 2,203 2,009 2,228 2,120 2,192 2,188 2,154

Wage and salary workers

1,256 1,409 1,370 1,177 1,363 1,289 1,329 1,300 1,291

Self-employed workers

805 886 802 796 821 808 825 855 799

Unpaid family workers

12 31 31 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

137,006 137,592 137,512 136,752 137,207 136,857 136,599 136,974 137,243

Wage and salary workers

127,769 128,656 128,565 127,650 128,197 127,900 127,881 128,314 128,429

Government

20,954 20,062 20,828 20,978 21,270 21,242 20,978 20,575 20,928

Private industries

106,816 108,595 107,737 106,662 106,906 106,740 106,869 107,760 107,481

Private households

790 678 597 - - - - - -

Other industries

106,026 107,916 107,139 105,885 106,204 106,065 106,270 107,118 106,900

Self-employed workers

9,154 8,884 8,878 9,009 8,952 8,889 8,779 8,678 8,743

Unpaid family workers

83 52 69 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(1)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(2)

8,255 8,628 8,628 9,158 8,809 8,627 8,529 8,860 9,472

Slack work or business conditions

6,101 6,031 6,072 6,815 6,143 6,165 6,119 6,380 6,733

Could only find part-time work

1,918 2,183 2,306 2,081 2,326 2,101 2,246 2,347 2,456

Part time for noneconomic reasons(3)

18,898 16,888 18,579 18,590 17,929 17,870 18,157 18,558 18,234

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(2)

8,134 8,509 8,540 8,983 8,661 8,472 8,386 8,730 9,336

Slack work or business conditions

5,998 5,953 6,020 6,695 6,041 6,074 6,018 6,304 6,640

Could only find part-time work

1,910 2,159 2,286 2,063 2,306 2,086 2,192 2,320 2,431

Part time for noneconomic reasons(3)

18,574 16,546 18,259 18,251 17,627 17,580 17,774 18,161 17,891

Footnotes
(1) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(3) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

139,079 139,919 139,715 138,768 139,420 139,119 138,960 139,250 139,391

16 to 19 years

4,456 4,859 4,084 4,627 4,438 4,286 4,315 4,373 4,261

16 to 17 years

1,582 1,637 1,417 1,569 1,429 1,380 1,345 1,402 1,398

18 to 19 years

2,874 3,223 2,667 3,070 2,992 2,899 2,984 2,975 2,867

20 years and over

134,623 135,060 135,631 134,141 134,982 134,833 134,646 134,877 135,131

20 to 24 years

12,516 13,202 12,790 12,625 12,818 12,698 12,670 12,838 12,841

25 years and over

122,106 121,858 122,841 121,551 122,203 122,263 122,109 122,074 122,267

25 to 54 years

94,802 94,027 94,535 94,345 94,227 94,270 94,062 94,005 94,067

25 to 34 years

29,921 30,429 30,474 29,795 30,162 30,157 30,278 30,318 30,315

35 to 44 years

31,413 30,612 30,713 31,236 30,844 30,772 30,604 30,584 30,514

45 to 54 years

33,468 32,986 33,348 33,314 33,221 33,341 33,180 33,104 33,238

55 years and over

27,305 27,831 28,305 27,206 27,976 27,993 28,047 28,069 28,200

Men, 16 years and over

73,435 74,592 73,959 73,120 73,639 73,375 73,454 73,608 73,581

16 to 19 years

2,210 2,377 1,981 2,259 2,162 2,059 2,122 2,087 2,036

16 to 17 years

775 808 673 762 679 631 667 667 660

18 to 19 years

1,435 1,569 1,308 1,500 1,479 1,434 1,472 1,428 1,372

20 years and over

71,225 72,215 71,978 70,861 71,477 71,316 71,332 71,521 71,545

20 to 24 years

6,371 6,857 6,536 6,402 6,565 6,473 6,434 6,571 6,536

25 years and over

64,854 65,358 65,442 64,466 64,922 64,862 64,937 64,952 65,015

25 to 54 years

50,506 50,750 50,641 50,203 50,317 50,264 50,340 50,321 50,303

25 to 34 years

16,255 16,689 16,590 16,120 16,272 16,274 16,403 16,478 16,433

35 to 44 years

16,863 16,725 16,659 16,758 16,686 16,649 16,644 16,601 16,534

45 to 54 years

17,387 17,336 17,392 17,325 17,359 17,341 17,293 17,242 17,336

55 years and over

14,348 14,608 14,802 14,263 14,605 14,598 14,597 14,631 14,712

Women, 16 years and over

65,644 65,327 65,755 65,648 65,781 65,743 65,506 65,642 65,811

16 to 19 years

2,246 2,482 2,103 2,368 2,275 2,227 2,192 2,286 2,225

16 to 17 years

807 829 743 807 750 749 678 735 738

18 to 19 years

1,439 1,654 1,359 1,570 1,513 1,466 1,512 1,547 1,494

20 years and over

63,398 62,845 63,653 63,280 63,505 63,516 63,314 63,356 63,586

20 to 24 years

6,145 6,345 6,255 6,222 6,253 6,225 6,236 6,267 6,305

25 years and over

57,253 56,500 57,398 57,085 57,282 57,401 57,172 57,122 57,252

25 to 54 years

44,295 43,277 43,895 44,142 43,910 44,006 43,722 43,684 43,765

25 to 34 years

13,666 13,740 13,884 13,675 13,890 13,882 13,875 13,840 13,883

35 to 44 years

14,549 13,887 14,054 14,478 14,158 14,123 13,960 13,983 13,980

45 to 54 years

16,081 15,650 15,957 15,989 15,862 16,000 15,887 15,862 15,902

55 years and over

12,957 13,223 13,503 12,943 13,371 13,396 13,450 13,438 13,488

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

43,762 43,512 43,895 43,656 43,322 43,333 43,369 43,433 43,723

Married women, spouse present

34,924 33,721 34,499 34,891 34,238 34,332 34,304 34,213 34,449

Women who maintain families

8,866 8,714 8,906 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

111,991 113,508 112,385 111,361 112,716 112,646 112,076 111,822 111,716

Part-time workers(2)

27,088 26,411 27,330 27,459 26,750 26,755 27,082 27,705 27,636

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,098 6,515 6,681 7,047 7,239 7,002 6,546 6,814 6,684

Percent of total employed

5.1 4.7 4.8 5.1 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.8

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

15,159 14,860 14,767 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6

16 to 19 years

1,637 1,561 1,500 26.1 26.4 25.7 26.1 26.3 26.0

16 to 17 years

616 643 607 28.2 29.8 29.2 30.4 31.4 30.3

18 to 19 years

991 933 863 24.4 24.6 24.0 23.6 23.9 23.1

20 years and over

13,522 13,299 13,267 9.2 9.0 8.9 8.8 9.0 8.9

20 to 24 years

2,231 2,249 2,225 15.0 14.7 15.3 15.6 14.9 14.8

25 years and over

11,384 11,062 11,061 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.1 8.3 8.3

25 to 54 years

9,453 8,782 8,928 9.1 8.7 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.7

25 to 34 years

3,516 3,287 3,372 10.6 10.5 10.3 9.9 9.8 10.0

35 to 44 years

3,028 2,564 2,788 8.8 8.1 7.8 8.0 7.7 8.4

45 to 54 years

2,908 2,931 2,768 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.5 8.1 7.7

55 years and over

1,999 2,215 2,186 6.8 7.1 6.9 6.9 7.3 7.2

Men, 16 years and over

9,077 8,691 8,606 11.0 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.6 10.5

16 to 19 years

961 880 844 29.9 28.1 29.2 29.0 29.7 29.3

16 to 17 years

345 328 332 31.1 32.4 32.8 32.5 33.0 33.5

18 to 19 years

593 558 488 28.3 26.3 27.4 26.7 28.1 26.2

20 years and over

8,116 7,811 7,762 10.3 9.8 9.9 9.7 9.8 9.8

20 to 24 years

1,326 1,377 1,344 17.2 16.1 17.8 18.3 17.3 17.1

25 years and over

6,890 6,476 6,473 9.7 9.1 9.0 8.8 9.1 9.1

25 to 54 years

5,767 5,126 5,203 10.3 9.5 9.4 9.1 9.2 9.4

25 to 34 years

2,180 1,919 2,007 11.9 11.4 11.5 10.7 10.4 10.9

35 to 44 years

1,790 1,493 1,563 9.7 8.6 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.6

45 to 54 years

1,797 1,713 1,633 9.4 8.4 8.6 8.4 9.0 8.6

55 years and over

1,124 1,350 1,270 7.3 7.6 7.5 7.7 8.4 7.9

Women, 16 years and over

6,081 6,169 6,161 8.5 8.8 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.6

16 to 19 years

675 681 656 22.2 24.6 22.3 23.1 22.9 22.8

16 to 17 years

271 315 275 25.1 27.4 25.8 28.2 30.0 27.1

18 to 19 years

398 374 376 20.2 22.9 20.3 20.5 19.5 20.1

20 years and over

5,406 5,488 5,505 7.9 8.1 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.0

20 to 24 years

906 872 881 12.7 13.2 12.6 12.7 12.2 12.3

25 years and over

4,494 4,586 4,588 7.3 7.6 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4

25 to 54 years

3,686 3,656 3,726 7.7 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.8

25 to 34 years

1,336 1,368 1,365 8.9 9.5 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.0

35 to 44 years

1,238 1,071 1,226 7.9 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.1 8.1

45 to 54 years

1,111 1,217 1,135 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.5 7.1 6.7

55 years and over(1)

876 977 922 6.3 5.9 6.5 6.9 6.9 6.4

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

3,454 3,179 3,206 7.3 6.7 6.8 6.6 6.8 6.8

Married women, spouse present

2,130 2,188 2,075 5.8 6.3 5.9 5.8 6.0 5.7

Women who maintain families(1)

1,166 1,346 1,321 11.6 11.6 12.1 13.4 13.4 12.9

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

13,358 12,845 13,012 10.7 10.4 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.4

Part-time workers(3)

1,865 2,005 1,789 6.4 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.7 6.1

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

9,170 8,894 8,651 10,236 9,223 9,114 9,125 9,305 9,401

On temporary layoff

1,283 1,359 910 1,918 1,478 1,424 1,268 1,480 1,349

Not on temporary layoff

7,887 7,535 7,741 8,318 7,746 7,690 7,857 7,825 8,051

Permanent job losers

6,474 6,214 6,271 6,858 6,410 6,404 6,518 6,480 6,589

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,413 1,321 1,471 1,429 1,336 1,287 1,339 1,345 1,463

Job leavers

955 943 880 869 969 900 900 874 807

Reentrants

3,285 3,492 3,428 3,255 3,453 3,308 3,393 3,411 3,436

New entrants

1,127 1,430 1,180 1,134 1,206 1,140 1,188 1,259 1,187

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

63.1 60.3 61.2 66.1 62.1 63.0 62.5 62.7 63.4

On temporary layoff

8.8 9.2 6.4 12.4 9.9 9.8 8.7 10.0 9.1

Not on temporary layoff

54.3 51.1 54.7 53.7 52.2 53.2 53.8 52.7 54.3

Job leavers

6.6 6.4 6.2 5.6 6.5 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.4

Reentrants

22.6 23.7 24.2 21.0 23.3 22.9 23.2 23.0 23.2

New entrants

7.8 9.7 8.3 7.3 8.1 7.9 8.1 8.5 8.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

6.0 5.7 5.6 6.6 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1

Job leavers

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

Reentrants

2.1 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

New entrants

0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,847 2,632 2,830 2,938 2,752 2,769 2,839 2,760 2,891

5 to 14 weeks

3,558 3,939 3,127 3,838 3,019 3,121 3,060 3,635 3,350

15 weeks and over

8,133 8,189 8,183 8,405 8,924 8,959 8,722 8,484 8,458

15 to 26 weeks

2,671 1,916 2,075 2,958 2,161 2,208 2,151 2,235 2,336

27 weeks and over

5,462 6,273 6,108 5,447 6,763 6,751 6,572 6,249 6,123

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

27.2 33.1 34.1 26.5 34.4 35.2 34.2 33.6 33.3

Median duration, in weeks

18.1 19.6 20.5 17.8 23.2 25.5 22.2 19.9 20.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

19.6 17.8 20.0 19.4 18.7 18.6 19.4 18.5 19.7

5 to 14 weeks

24.5 26.7 22.1 25.3 20.5 21.0 20.9 24.4 22.8

15 weeks and over

55.9 55.5 57.9 55.4 60.7 60.3 59.7 57.0 57.5

15 to 26 weeks

18.4 13.0 14.7 19.5 14.7 14.9 14.7 15.0 15.9

27 weeks and over

37.6 42.5 43.2 35.9 46.0 45.5 44.9 42.0 41.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010

Total, 16 years and over(1)

139,079 139,715 14,538 14,140 9.5 9.2

Management, professional, and related occupations

52,186 51,757 2,859 2,381 5.2 4.4

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

21,772 21,038 1,188 956 5.2 4.3

Professional and related occupations

30,414 30,719 1,671 1,425 5.2 4.4

Service occupations

24,533 24,660 2,556 2,867 9.4 10.4

Sales and office occupations

33,274 33,331 3,367 3,386 9.2 9.2

Sales and related occupations

15,519 15,319 1,521 1,584 8.9 9.4

Office and administrative support occupations

17,755 18,012 1,846 1,803 9.4 9.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

13,264 13,273 2,210 2,195 14.3 14.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

916 1,051 156 142 14.6 11.9

Construction and extraction occupations

7,468 7,186 1,605 1,536 17.7 17.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,880 5,036 449 517 8.4 9.3

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

15,822 16,693 2,388 2,085 13.1 11.1

Production occupations

7,677 8,187 1,264 1,123 14.1 12.1

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,145 8,506 1,125 962 12.1 10.2

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010

Total, 16 years and over(1)

14,538 14,140 9.5 9.2

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

11,697 11,127 9.9 9.4

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

76 66 10.7 8.2

Construction

1,594 1,464 17.1 17.2

Manufacturing

1,876 1,471 11.9 9.6

Durable goods

1,280 937 13.1 9.7

Nondurable goods

596 534 10.0 9.3

Wholesale and retail trade

1,809 1,962 9.0 9.6

Transportation and utilities

538 418 9.5 7.1

Information

362 330 11.2 10.8

Financial activities

657 568 7.1 6.3

Professional and business services

1,596 1,426 11.3 9.9

Education and health services

1,257 1,352 6.0 6.3

Leisure and hospitality

1,469 1,536 11.4 11.4

Other services

462 534 7.1 8.5

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

150 164 11.1 11.1

Government workers

928 1,089 4.2 5.0

Self-employed and unpaid family workers

636 580 5.9 5.6

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2009
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
May
2010
June
2010
July
2010
Aug.
2010
Sept.
2010

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

5.3 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.5

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

6.0 5.7 5.6 6.6 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

9.5 9.5 9.2 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

9.9 10.2 9.9 10.3 10.3 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

10.8 10.9 10.7 11.1 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

16.1 16.4 16.2 17.0 16.6 16.5 16.5 16.7 17.1

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010
Sept.
2009
Sept.
2010

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

82,706 84,468 32,642 33,588 50,064 50,880

Persons who currently want a job

5,650 5,949 2,725 2,772 2,925 3,177

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,219 2,548 1,224 1,354 995 1,194

Discouraged workers(2)

706 1,209 478 730 228 478

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,513 1,340 746 624 768 716

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,098 6,681 3,426 3,140 3,672 3,540

Percent of total employed

5.1 4.8 4.7 4.2 5.6 5.4

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,667 3,515 1,872 1,852 1,795 1,663

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,753 1,717 604 563 1,149 1,154

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

246 265 162 164 84 101

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,382 1,144 769 541 612 603

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Change from:
Aug. 2010- Sept. 2010(p)

Total nonfarm

130,243 130,059 130,136 130,564 129,857 130,353 130,296 130,201 -95

Total private

107,964 108,751 108,922 108,510 107,377 107,813 107,906 107,970 64

Goods-producing

18,495 18,347 18,460 18,351 18,124 18,031 18,041 18,019 -22

Mining and logging

688 746 752 756 676 733 740 745 5

Logging

52.7 49.2 50.3 49.4 50.1 48.3 48.2 47.4 -0.8

Mining

634.9 697.0 702.0 706.9 625.5 684.6 692.1 697.9 5.8

Oil and gas extraction

160.8 166.3 167.5 166.8 160.4 165.0 166.3 167.4 1.1

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

213.4 222.3 223.8 223.0 206.8 214.5 216.2 217.0 0.8

Coal mining

80.6 82.9 83.9 84.6 80.6 83.2 83.6 84.4 0.8

Support activities for mining

260.7 308.4 310.7 317.1 258.3 305.1 309.6 313.5 3.9

Construction

6,067 5,864 5,931 5,841 5,814 5,594 5,625 5,604 -21

Construction of buildings

1,353.7 1,305.7 1,311.6 1,297.2 1,313.0 1,260.3 1,258.1 1,258.6 0.5

Residential building

634.0 596.9 600.7 594.7 609.2 575.1 573.1 572.0 -1.1

Nonresidential building

719.7 708.8 710.9 702.5 703.8 685.2 685.0 686.6 1.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction

884.2 867.9 893.9 889.1 817.8 809.9 826.5 826.3 -0.2

Specialty trade contractors

3,829.1 3,690.0 3,725.4 3,655.1 3,682.9 3,524.1 3,539.9 3,519.0 -20.9

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,646.3 1,606.5 1,602.9 1,587.0 1,576.3 1,529.0 1,522.2 1,520.8 -1.4

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,182.8 2,083.5 2,122.5 2,068.1 2,106.6 1,995.1 2,017.7 1,998.2 -19.5

Manufacturing

11,740 11,737 11,777 11,754 11,634 11,704 11,676 11,670 -6

Durable goods

7,156 7,201 7,221 7,214 7,112 7,201 7,176 7,176 0

Wood products

358.1 356.8 356.0 350.7 349.2 349.2 346.0 344.3 -1.7

Nonmetallic mineral products

399.7 393.2 393.6 393.6 389.5 383.3 382.7 384.4 1.7

Primary metals

353.8 372.3 375.4 376.2 351.3 374.0 374.8 375.0 0.2

Fabricated metal products

1,283.6 1,314.8 1,326.1 1,328.2 1,276.9 1,316.1 1,316.5 1,319.2 2.7

Machinery

993.7 1,002.3 1,002.3 998.3 993.8 1,000.5 998.4 996.5 -1.9

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,107.3 1,103.9 1,104.3 1,102.5 1,107.5 1,100.4 1,101.8 1,103.6 1.8

Computer and peripheral equipment

160.7 160.1 161.1 161.7 160.8 160.1 160.8 160.9 0.1

Communication equipment

119.9 121.5 122.9 123.0 120.4 121.4 122.9 123.5 0.6

Semiconductors and electronic components

363.4 368.1 370.8 369.8 363.3 368.0 369.7 370.0 0.3

Electronic instruments

415.1 407.9 404.6 403.8 414.9 405.0 403.4 404.7 1.3

Electrical equipment and appliances

370.0 374.6 374.6 375.3 369.0 372.4 372.8 374.4 1.6

Transportation equipment(1)

1,338.0 1,343.2 1,350.6 1,354.6 1,328.0 1,371.2 1,349.6 1,346.5 -3.1

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

663.7 674.6 683.0 690.7 653.9 704.6 682.4 683.0 0.6

Furniture and related products

371.2 364.4 362.9 358.5 368.5 358.6 358.4 356.9 -1.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing

580.6 575.3 575.0 575.6 578.2 575.1 574.6 575.6 1.0

Nondurable goods

4,584 4,536 4,556 4,540 4,522 4,503 4,500 4,494 -6

Food manufacturing

1,501.1 1,482.5 1,498.1 1,491.4 1,463.6 1,461.9 1,461.1 1,459.5 -1.6

Beverages and tobacco products

193.0 184.7 185.7 188.1 187.2 180.6 181.5 182.9 1.4

Textile mills

122.6 123.3 123.1 122.6 120.9 123.9 122.4 121.9 -0.5

Textile product mills

125.6 122.9 121.3 122.1 124.9 123.2 122.0 122.2 0.2

Apparel

168.9 163.4 166.8 165.8 165.2 163.8 164.0 163.1 -0.9

Leather and allied products

29.2 28.0 29.7 29.6 28.6 28.4 29.3 29.0 -0.3

Paper and paper products

402.9 400.2 399.3 397.3 402.2 397.4 397.6 397.0 -0.6

Printing and related support activities

513.3 494.3 493.6 493.5 510.6 495.6 493.1 491.6 -1.5

Petroleum and coal products

118.4 117.7 117.0 115.7 115.6 113.5 113.1 112.8 -0.3

Chemicals

790.5 782.3 780.1 776.7 791.3 778.7 778.9 778.7 -0.2

Plastics and rubber products

618.1 636.4 641.3 637.0 611.7 636.4 637.0 634.8 -2.2

Private service-providing

89,469 90,404 90,462 90,159 89,253 89,782 89,865 89,951 86

Trade, transportation, and utilities

24,740 24,778 24,791 24,746 24,754 24,771 24,769 24,785 16

Wholesale trade

5,588.0 5,619.1 5,613.5 5,603.2 5,579.9 5,587.1 5,586.6 5,588.8 2.2

Durable goods

2,794.0 2,791.9 2,790.5 2,787.8 2,792.1 2,776.6 2,776.2 2,781.2 5.0

Nondurable goods

1,976.0 1,986.5 1,981.1 1,974.2 1,969.9 1,972.6 1,972.0 1,969.4 -2.6

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

818.0 840.7 841.9 841.2 817.9 837.9 838.4 838.2 -0.2

Retail trade

14,369.7 14,442.6 14,463.0 14,354.0 14,428.7 14,442.4 14,440.4 14,446.1 5.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,640.0 1,645.3 1,654.9 1,654.3 1,621.2 1,628.2 1,634.8 1,638.4 3.6

Automobile dealers

1,018.0 1,020.8 1,027.3 1,028.7 1,007.3 1,015.2 1,018.2 1,019.9 1.7

Furniture and home furnishings stores

436.8 434.2 432.5 434.3 439.6 439.9 437.9 440.1 2.2

Electronics and appliance stores

477.4 472.3 475.5 478.2 481.5 480.2 481.8 484.1 2.3

Building material and garden supply stores

1,144.6 1,172.2 1,154.1 1,132.8 1,146.3 1,144.4 1,144.5 1,142.9 -1.6

Food and beverage stores

2,817.1 2,821.6 2,822.4 2,801.7 2,825.4 2,805.6 2,808.6 2,810.0 1.4

Health and personal care stores

974.0 973.8 970.7 962.8 977.5 972.7 971.1 969.5 -1.6

Gasoline stations

831.9 838.2 836.5 830.7 827.1 824.3 822.8 824.3 1.5

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,338.3 1,388.8 1,400.7 1,369.7 1,354.3 1,391.8 1,391.2 1,393.7 2.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

623.1 586.7 603.3 601.6 620.3 609.0 607.6 604.3 -3.3

General merchandise stores(1)

2,893.1 2,927.0 2,929.1 2,901.4 2,944.3 2,954.9 2,951.8 2,953.1 1.3

Department stores

1,434.5 1,462.6 1,471.1 1,452.1 1,467.7 1,492.9 1,492.8 1,490.7 -2.1

Miscellaneous store retailers

775.7 773.5 772.3 765.3 772.6 769.4 767.3 764.9 -2.4

Nonstore retailers

417.7 409.0 411.0 421.2 418.6 422.0 421.0 420.8 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing

4,223.7 4,159.7 4,158.6 4,238.8 4,184.4 4,188.9 4,189.5 4,199.1 9.6

Air transportation

457.3 456.1 457.6 458.1 456.8 453.6 454.4 456.6 2.2

Rail transportation

216.1 220.9 220.2 220.1 215.7 219.6 220.0 219.3 -0.7

Water transportation

64.8 66.5 66.5 65.4 62.7 63.7 63.7 63.8 0.1

Truck transportation

1,271.8 1,259.2 1,266.4 1,265.0 1,249.6 1,240.8 1,242.5 1,242.4 -0.1

Transit and ground passenger transportation

423.9 372.8 359.5 436.4 416.2 431.2 424.9 427.1 2.2

Pipeline transportation

42.1 39.2 39.5 38.9 42.2 38.9 39.3 38.7 -0.6

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

33.2 37.1 36.5 33.9 28.0 28.4 28.4 28.5 0.1

Support activities for transportation

541.5 550.5 550.6 550.0 540.5 548.4 548.5 549.1 0.6

Couriers and messengers

533.5 514.9 517.5 522.5 537.1 520.7 523.3 527.2 3.9

Warehousing and storage

639.5 642.5 644.3 648.5 635.6 643.6 644.5 646.4 1.9

Utilities

559.0 556.1 555.7 549.6 560.6 552.9 552.6 550.6 -2.0

Information

2,767 2,726 2,722 2,702 2,777 2,717 2,716 2,711 -5

Publishing industries, except Internet

779.0 762.7 763.3 760.8 779.8 761.3 761.9 762.0 0.1

Motion picture and sound recording industries

344.9 362.0 357.9 346.2 349.6 351.5 352.3 351.3 -1.0

Broadcasting, except Internet

296.8 295.3 296.7 298.0 296.2 296.4 297.4 298.3 0.9

Telecommunications

963.4 919.6 920.0 913.5 966.7 921.0 919.4 914.2 -5.2

Data processing, hosting and related services

249.6 245.2 242.2 242.1 250.1 245.5 244.0 243.8 -0.2

Other information services

132.9 141.3 141.7 141.3 134.3 140.8 141.2 141.7 0.5

Financial activities

7,688 7,640 7,627 7,586 7,683 7,581 7,578 7,577 -1

Finance and insurance

5,698.6 5,663.6 5,654.2 5,634.7 5,707.5 5,645.6 5,643.4 5,640.5 -2.9

Monetary authorities - central bank

21.0 21.4 21.4 21.4 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.3 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,566.5 2,573.2 2,569.1 2,563.5 2,571.3 2,562.3 2,563.7 2,566.8 3.1

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,745.3 1,763.4 1,764.1 1,758.0 1,749.3 1,755.6 1,757.4 1,760.6 3.2

Commercial banking

1,306.3 1,321.4 1,322.0 1,318.4 1,309.5 1,315.7 1,317.7 1,319.7 2.0

Securities, commodity contracts, investments

794.5 801.4 797.3 793.8 796.3 798.0 796.4 796.2 -0.2

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,229.6 2,181.8 2,181.2 2,171.2 2,231.9 2,178.6 2,177.1 2,171.4 -5.7

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles

87.0 85.8 85.2 84.8 86.9 85.5 85.0 84.8 -0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

1,989.8 1,976.2 1,972.4 1,951.4 1,975.8 1,935.0 1,934.8 1,936.1 1.3

Real estate

1,414.8 1,396.6 1,397.2 1,387.4 1,407.5 1,375.9 1,377.0 1,379.6 2.6

Rental and leasing services

549.1 555.4 551.0 540.0 542.5 535.2 534.0 532.7 -1.3

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

25.9 24.2 24.2 24.0 25.8 23.9 23.8 23.8 0.0

Professional and business services

16,497 16,796 16,872 16,843 16,349 16,692 16,720 16,734 14

Professional and technical services(1)

7,366.9 7,386.8 7,393.0 7,344.2 7,444.6 7,416.0 7,430.1 7,423.2 -6.9

Legal services

1,106.4 1,115.8 1,107.6 1,103.1 1,113.5 1,102.9 1,104.3 1,106.8 2.5

Accounting and bookkeeping services

842.2 816.5 823.7 812.2 916.6 893.1 896.5 888.9 -7.6

Architectural and engineering services

1,306.7 1,293.1 1,296.4 1,283.2 1,299.9 1,278.3 1,279.6 1,279.0 -0.6

Computer systems design and related services

1,421.5 1,459.1 1,466.4 1,457.6 1,425.5 1,454.8 1,459.6 1,458.7 -0.9

Management and technical consulting services

987.4 993.1 993.2 997.7 987.5 988.9 991.5 998.4 6.9

Management of companies and enterprises

1,834.8 1,836.8 1,837.9 1,831.9 1,837.4 1,828.0 1,829.2 1,834.4 5.2

Administrative and waste services

7,295.2 7,572.4 7,640.9 7,666.8 7,066.6 7,447.7 7,460.5 7,476.0 15.5

Administrative and support services(1)

6,940.6 7,206.4 7,275.5 7,306.4 6,714.2 7,090.0 7,103.0 7,119.1 16.1

Employment services(1)

2,524.6 2,775.1 2,836.5 2,908.6 2,375.0 2,769.6 2,774.8 2,803.0 28.2

Temporary help services

1,852.7 2,088.1 2,153.2 2,213.4 1,724.4 2,094.0 2,111.7 2,128.6 16.9

Business support services

802.4 784.7 788.4 784.5 810.8 797.2 797.3 793.1 -4.2

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,800.8 1,847.6 1,838.1 1,800.5 1,730.4 1,731.5 1,732.2 1,730.2 -2.0

Waste management and remediation services

354.6 366.0 365.4 360.4 352.4 357.7 357.5 356.9 -0.6

Education and health services

19,155 19,253 19,279 19,541 19,247 19,558 19,594 19,611 17

Educational services

3,017.5 2,865.4 2,846.2 3,082.7 3,080.4 3,144.8 3,145.2 3,130.1 -15.1

Health care and social assistance

16,137.6 16,387.2 16,432.4 16,458.1 16,166.3 16,413.0 16,449.2 16,481.2 32.0

Health care(3)

13,567.7 13,809.9 13,837.0 13,811.7 13,581.8 13,772.3 13,802.9 13,826.8 23.9

Ambulatory health care services(1)

5,799.4 5,943.1 5,955.1 5,951.9 5,804.9 5,930.1 5,947.2 5,964.4 17.2

Offices of physicians

2,287.1 2,319.3 2,325.5 2,320.3 2,287.9 2,317.7 2,323.0 2,326.4 3.4

Outpatient care centers

541.4 554.8 558.2 558.6 544.6 554.1 557.1 558.9 1.8

Home health care services

1,034.5 1,073.6 1,073.2 1,075.6 1,035.1 1,070.8 1,073.4 1,078.2 4.8

Hospitals

4,678.5 4,728.4 4,733.9 4,721.4 4,680.8 4,712.7 4,719.7 4,722.6 2.9

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,089.8 3,138.4 3,148.0 3,138.4 3,096.1 3,129.5 3,136.0 3,139.8 3.8

Nursing care facilities

1,650.0 1,662.5 1,666.8 1,663.9 1,650.8 1,658.9 1,660.3 1,662.2 1.9

Social assistance(1)

2,569.9 2,577.3 2,595.4 2,646.4 2,584.5 2,640.7 2,646.3 2,654.4 8.1

Child day care services

856.3 794.7 813.4 863.0 857.4 861.5 862.4 863.8 1.4

Leisure and hospitality

13,284 13,783 13,765 13,383 13,099 13,111 13,131 13,169 38

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,991.9 2,220.8 2,175.5 2,004.0 1,938.7 1,913.0 1,914.1 1,925.4 11.3

Performing arts and spectator sports

412.5 449.9 448.0 448.8 401.3 415.5 418.7 424.8 6.1

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks

132.4 145.1 140.4 131.2 130.5 129.6 129.0 129.0 0.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,447.0 1,625.8 1,587.1 1,424.0 1,406.9 1,367.9 1,366.4 1,371.6 5.2

Accommodation and food services

11,292.1 11,561.8 11,589.1 11,378.9 11,160.4 11,198.2 11,217.1 11,243.7 26.6

Accommodation

1,791.3 1,904.8 1,910.7 1,804.9 1,748.4 1,768.6 1,775.7 1,768.4 -7.3

Food services and drinking places

9,500.8 9,657.0 9,678.4 9,574.0 9,412.0 9,429.6 9,441.4 9,475.3 33.9

Other services

5,338 5,428 5,406 5,358 5,344 5,352 5,357 5,364 7

Repair and maintenance

1,147.2 1,156.4 1,158.9 1,156.1 1,141.2 1,147.7 1,151.1 1,153.1 2.0

Personal and laundry services

1,278.1 1,278.1 1,271.6 1,267.2 1,274.5 1,268.4 1,265.8 1,267.6 1.8

Membership associations and organizations

2,913.1 2,993.6 2,975.3 2,934.6 2,927.8 2,935.6 2,940.0 2,942.8 2.8

Government

22,279 21,308 21,214 22,054 22,480 22,540 22,390 22,231 -159

Federal

2,821.0 3,065.0 2,940.0 2,854.0 2,818.0 3,030.0 2,919.0 2,843.0 -76.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,133.4 2,407.1 2,291.3 2,207.5 2,127.3 2,378.4 2,268.5 2,195.0 -73.5

U.S. Postal Service

687.6 658.2 648.2 646.5 690.5 651.5 650.4 648.1 -2.3

State government

5,173.0 4,883.0 4,880.0 5,148.0 5,173.0 5,175.0 5,147.0 5,140.0 -7.0

State government education

2,367.5 2,100.0 2,103.1 2,392.1 2,365.5 2,415.2 2,393.5 2,385.7 -7.8

State government, excluding education

2,805.4 2,782.7 2,776.6 2,755.5 2,807.0 2,759.8 2,753.8 2,754.1 0.3

Local government

14,285.0 13,360.0 13,394.0 14,052.0 14,489.0 14,335.0 14,324.0 14,248.0 -76.0

Local government education

7,809.3 6,768.7 6,842.0 7,707.8 8,013.0 7,972.7 7,954.6 7,904.8 -49.8

Local government, excluding education

6,475.4 6,590.8 6,552.3 6,343.8 6,476.1 6,362.6 6,369.8 6,343.5 -26.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.8 34.2 34.2 34.2

Goods-producing

38.5 39.4 39.5 39.4

Mining and logging

41.8 43.4 43.7 43.6

Construction

37.0 37.5 37.6 37.4

Manufacturing

39.0 40.1 40.2 40.1

Durable goods

39.1 40.5 40.4 40.4

Nondurable goods

38.9 39.5 39.8 39.7

Private service-providing

32.8 33.1 33.1 33.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.1 34.3 34.2 34.2

Wholesale trade

37.7 38.3 38.4 38.5

Retail trade

31.4 31.2 31.1 31.1

Transportation and warehousing

38.0 38.6 38.5 38.4

Utilities

40.6 41.1 41.3 41.3

Information

36.6 36.7 36.6 36.7

Financial activities

36.6 37.0 37.0 37.0

Professional and business services

34.9 35.4 35.4 35.4

Education and health services

32.8 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality

25.5 25.8 25.8 25.8

Other services

31.4 31.9 32.0 32.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

2.4 2.9 3.0 3.0

Durable goods

2.2 2.9 2.9 2.9

Nondurable goods

2.7 3.0 3.1 3.1

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)

Total private

$22.30 $22.59 $22.66 $22.67 $753.74 $772.58 $774.97 $775.31

Goods-producing

23.88 24.03 24.13 24.13 919.38 946.78 953.14 950.72

Mining and logging

27.41 27.43 27.67 27.94 1,145.74 1,190.46 1,209.18 1,218.18

Construction

24.94 25.20 25.23 25.22 922.78 945.00 948.65 943.23

Manufacturing

23.16 23.28 23.39 23.38 903.24 933.53 940.28 937.54

Durable goods

24.71 24.72 24.86 24.85 966.16 1,001.16 1,004.34 1,003.94

Nondurable goods

20.72 20.92 21.01 20.99 806.01 826.34 836.20 833.30

Private service-providing

21.93 22.25 22.30 22.32 719.30 736.48 738.13 738.79

Trade, transportation, and utilities

19.44 19.76 19.82 19.85 662.90 677.77 677.84 678.87

Wholesale trade

25.73 26.24 26.33 26.39 970.02 1,004.99 1,011.07 1,016.02

Retail trade

15.47 15.58 15.60 15.58 485.76 486.10 485.16 484.54

Transportation and warehousing

20.50 20.99 21.04 21.18 779.00 810.21 810.04 813.31

Utilities

32.88 32.84 33.08 33.02 1,334.93 1,349.72 1,366.20 1,363.73

Information

29.58 30.50 30.80 31.05 1,082.63 1,119.35 1,127.28 1,139.54

Financial activities

26.58 27.20 27.21 27.19 972.83 1,006.40 1,006.77 1,006.03

Professional and business services

27.18 27.31 27.36 27.40 948.58 966.77 968.54 969.96

Education and health services

22.46 22.90 22.97 22.95 736.69 753.41 755.71 755.06

Leisure and hospitality

13.05 13.06 13.08 13.07 332.78 336.95 337.46 337.21

Other services

19.82 19.86 19.86 19.92 622.35 633.53 635.52 637.44

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Aug. 2010- Sept. 2010(p)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Aug. 2010 - Sept. 2010(p)

Total private

90.9 92.4 92.5 92.5 0.0 96.7 99.5 99.9 100.0 0.1

Goods-producing

79.5 80.9 81.2 80.9 -0.4 85.8 87.9 88.5 88.2 -0.3

Mining and logging

88.8 100.0 101.6 102.1 0.5 97.7 110.1 112.9 114.5 1.4

Construction

74.1 72.3 72.9 72.2 -1.0 80.3 79.2 79.9 79.2 -0.9

Manufacturing

81.6 84.4 84.4 84.2 -0.2 87.9 91.4 91.8 91.5 -0.3

Durable goods

78.3 82.1 81.6 81.6 0.0 85.9 90.1 90.1 90.1 0.0

Nondurable goods

87.8 88.8 89.4 89.1 -0.3 92.3 94.2 95.3 94.8 -0.5

Private service-providing

94.0 95.4 95.5 95.6 0.1 99.9 102.9 103.2 103.4 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

91.7 92.3 92.1 92.1 0.0 96.0 98.2 98.2 98.4 0.2

Wholesale trade

91.8 93.4 93.6 93.9 0.3 98.6 102.2 102.9 103.4 0.5

Retail trade

92.0 91.5 91.2 91.2 0.0 94.1 94.3 94.1 94.0 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing

91.0 92.5 92.3 92.3 0.0 94.7 98.6 98.6 99.2 0.6

Utilities

98.5 98.3 98.7 98.4 -0.3 107.0 106.7 107.9 107.3 -0.6

Information

92.8 91.1 90.8 90.9 0.1 97.8 98.9 99.6 100.5 0.9

Financial activities

92.7 92.4 92.4 92.4 0.0 96.1 98.1 98.1 98.0 -0.1

Professional and business services

89.7 92.9 93.1 93.2 0.1 98.8 102.8 103.2 103.4 0.2

Education and health services

102.7 104.7 104.9 105.0 0.1 108.1 112.4 112.9 112.9 0.0

Leisure and hospitality

95.3 96.5 96.7 96.9 0.2 100.3 101.7 102.0 102.2 0.2

Other services

93.0 94.6 95.0 95.1 0.1 104.6 106.6 107.1 107.5 0.4

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)

Total nonfarm

64,838 64,749 64,683 64,619 49.9 49.7 49.6 49.6

Total private

52,006 51,914 51,945 51,981 48.4 48.2 48.1 48.1

Goods-producing

4,212 4,149 4,143 4,132 23.2 23.0 23.0 22.9

Mining and logging

98 101 103 104 14.5 13.8 13.9 14.0

Construction

784 734 733 728 13.5 13.1 13.0 13.0

Manufacturing

3,330 3,314 3,307 3,300 28.6 28.3 28.3 28.3

Durable goods

1,767 1,755 1,751 1,747 24.8 24.4 24.4 24.3

Nondurable goods

1,563 1,559 1,556 1,553 34.6 34.6 34.6 34.6

Private service-providing

47,794 47,765 47,802 47,849 53.5 53.2 53.2 53.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,138 10,039 10,025 10,020 41.0 40.5 40.5 40.4

Wholesale trade

1,694.3 1,676.3 1,677.2 1,677.0 30.4 30.0 30.0 30.0

Retail trade

7,297.8 7,227.0 7,213.0 7,211.3 50.6 50.0 50.0 49.9

Transportation and warehousing

1,004.4 1,002.0 1,001.3 999.2 24.0 23.9 23.9 23.8

Utilities

141.6 134.1 133.3 132.1 25.3 24.3 24.1 24.0

Information

1,156 1,107 1,108 1,102 41.6 40.7 40.8 40.6

Financial activities

4,562 4,462 4,457 4,450 59.4 58.9 58.8 58.7

Professional and business services

7,373 7,412 7,417 7,450 45.1 44.4 44.4 44.5

Education and health services

14,897 15,081 15,110 15,123 77.4 77.1 77.1 77.1

Leisure and hospitality

6,858 6,849 6,865 6,877 52.4 52.2 52.3 52.2

Other services

2,810 2,815 2,820 2,827 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.7

Government

12,832 12,835 12,738 12,638 57.1 56.9 56.9 56.8

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)

Total private

88,418 88,854 88,914 88,958

Goods-producing

13,041 12,972 12,975 12,969

Mining and logging

491 549 553 555

Construction

4,384 4,209 4,235 4,240

Manufacturing

8,166 8,214 8,187 8,174

Durable goods

4,865 4,938 4,912 4,908

Nondurable goods

3,301 3,276 3,275 3,266

Private service-providing

75,377 75,882 75,939 75,989

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20,952 20,985 20,962 20,964

Wholesale trade

4,492.9 4,483.2 4,479.2 4,478.3

Retail trade

12,371.6 12,428.2 12,423.8 12,431.0

Transportation and warehousing

3,639.2 3,635.2 3,620.7 3,619.6

Utilities

448.4 438.0 438.0 435.5

Information

2,217 2,183 2,183 2,180

Financial activities

5,939 5,849 5,843 5,841

Professional and business services

13,324 13,688 13,707 13,723

Education and health services

16,893 17,143 17,180 17,181

Leisure and hospitality

11,584 11,557 11,581 11,615

Other services

4,468 4,477 4,483 4,485

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.1 33.4 33.5 33.5

Goods-producing

39.2 40.3 40.5 40.7

Mining and logging

43.1 44.8 45.5 44.6

Construction

37.4 38.2 38.6 39.1

Manufacturing

39.9 41.1 41.2 41.2

Durable goods

40.0 41.4 41.4 41.4

Nondurable goods

39.9 40.7 40.9 41.0

Private service-providing

32.0 32.3 32.3 32.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

32.8 33.5 33.4 33.4

Wholesale trade

37.4 38.0 38.1 38.2

Retail trade

29.8 30.4 30.2 30.1

Transportation and warehousing

36.4 37.5 37.6 37.6

Utilities

41.5 42.2 42.2 42.0

Information

36.4 36.3 36.4 36.1

Financial activities

36.0 36.1 36.4 36.1

Professional and business services

34.7 35.1 35.1 35.1

Education and health services

32.2 32.1 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

24.8 24.8 24.8 24.7

Other services

30.5 30.9 30.9 31.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.0 3.8 3.8 3.9

Durable goods

2.8 3.9 3.8 3.9

Nondurable goods

3.2 3.7 3.9 3.9

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)

Total private

$18.71 $19.04 $19.09 $19.10 $619.30 $635.94 $639.52 $639.85

Goods-producing

19.92 20.25 20.31 20.32 780.86 816.08 822.56 827.02

Mining and logging

23.29 23.98 23.96 24.29 1,003.80 1,074.30 1,090.18 1,083.33

Construction

22.54 23.21 23.28 23.17 843.00 886.62 898.61 905.95

Manufacturing

18.39 18.57 18.59 18.63 733.76 763.23 765.91 767.56

Durable goods

19.53 19.71 19.73 19.79 781.20 815.99 816.82 819.31

Nondurable goods

16.70 16.82 16.87 16.86 666.33 684.57 689.98 691.26

Private service-providing

18.46 18.79 18.83 18.83 590.72 606.92 608.21 606.33

Trade, transportation, and utilities

16.56 16.85 16.89 16.94 543.17 564.48 564.13 565.80

Wholesale trade

21.03 21.56 21.56 21.68 786.52 819.28 821.44 828.18

Retail trade

13.07 13.24 13.25 13.27 389.49 402.50 400.15 399.43

Transportation and warehousing

18.77 19.15 19.21 19.24 683.23 718.13 722.30 723.42

Utilities

29.64 30.42 30.53 30.60 1,230.06 1,283.72 1,288.37 1,285.20

Information

25.54 26.03 25.91 26.01 929.66 944.89 943.12 938.96

Financial activities

20.94 21.45 21.47 21.38 753.84 774.35 781.51 771.82

Professional and business services

22.53 22.85 22.93 22.96 781.79 802.04 804.84 805.90

Education and health services

19.61 20.02 20.07 20.08 631.44 642.64 646.25 646.58

Leisure and hospitality

11.24 11.31 11.33 11.23 278.75 280.49 280.98 277.38

Other services

16.71 16.84 16.86 16.88 509.66 520.36 520.97 523.28

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Aug.
2010 - Sept.
2010(p)
Sept.
2009
July
2010
Aug.
2010(p)
Sept.
2010(p)
Percent change from:
Aug.
2010 - Sept.
2010(p)

Total private

97.8 99.2 99.5 99.6 0.1 122.2 126.1 126.9 127.1 0.2

Goods-producing

78.1 79.9 80.3 80.7 0.5 95.3 99.1 99.9 100.4 0.5

Mining and logging

112.5 130.7 133.7 131.5 -1.6 152.3 182.3 186.3 185.8 -0.3

Construction

82.1 80.5 81.8 83.0 1.5 99.9 100.9 102.9 103.9 1.0

Manufacturing

74.8 77.5 77.4 77.3 -0.1 89.9 94.1 94.1 94.2 0.1

Durable goods

73.1 76.8 76.4 76.3 -0.1 89.1 94.5 94.1 94.3 0.2

Nondurable goods

77.6 78.6 78.9 78.9 0.0 91.6 93.4 94.1 94.0 -0.1

Private service-providing

103.1 104.8 104.9 104.6 -0.3 130.5 135.0 135.4 135.1 -0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

95.8 98.0 97.6 97.6 0.0 113.2 117.8 117.6 118.0 0.3

Wholesale trade

99.0 100.3 100.5 100.7 0.2 122.6 127.4 127.6 128.7 0.9

Retail trade

93.3 95.6 95.0 94.7 -0.3 104.5 108.5 107.9 107.7 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing

99.7 102.6 102.5 102.4 -0.1 118.7 124.7 124.9 125.0 0.1

Utilities

95.2 94.5 94.5 93.6 -1.0 117.8 120.0 120.5 119.5 -0.8

Information

92.1 90.5 90.7 89.8 -1.0 116.5 116.6 116.4 115.7 -0.6

Financial activities

102.3 101.0 101.8 100.9 -0.9 132.5 134.0 135.1 133.4 -1.3

Professional and business services

103.6 107.7 107.8 108.0 0.2 138.9 146.4 147.1 147.5 0.3

Education and health services

117.3 118.7 119.3 119.3 0.0 151.3 156.2 157.4 157.5 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

105.3 105.1 105.3 105.2 -0.1 134.4 134.9 135.4 134.1 -1.0

Other services

95.6 97.0 97.2 97.5 0.3 116.4 119.1 119.4 120.0 0.5

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: October 08, 2010