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Table 3. Labor productivity, unit labor costs, and related data, 2019-2023


Table 3. Labor productivity, unit labor costs, and related data, 2019-2023
Industry 2017 NAICS code 2023
Employment
(thousands)
Annual percent change, 2019-2023
Labor productivity Unit labor costs Output Hours
worked
Labor compen-
sation
Hourly compen-
sation

Mining

Mining

21 606.9 4.8 -1.0 1.1 -3.5 0.1 3.8

Oil and gas extraction

211 118.4 6.3 -3.4 1.8 -4.3 -1.6 2.8

Oil and gas extraction

2111 118.4 6.3 -3.4 1.8 -4.3 -1.6 2.8

Mining, except oil and gas

212 189.7 -0.1 5.8 -2.1 -2.0 3.7 5.7

Coal mining

2121 42.7 -0.8 6.7 -5.3 -4.5 1.0 5.8

Metal ore mining

2122 43.7 -1.0 7.3 -2.7 -1.7 4.4 6.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

2123 103.3 1.2 4.5 0.4 -0.8 4.9 5.7

Support activities for mining

213 298.8 11.5 -7.0 7.1 -4.0 -0.4 3.8

Support activities for mining

2131 298.8 11.5 -7.0 7.1 -4.0 -0.4 3.8

Nondurable Manufacturing

Food

311 1,779.1 -0.7 6.5 -0.1 0.5 6.3 5.7

Animal food

3111 73.8 -1.7 7.4 -0.1 1.6 7.3 5.7

Grain and oilseed milling

3112 63.7 -1.0 6.1 -0.1 0.8 6.0 5.1

Sugar and confectionery products

3113 81.5 -0.6 6.1 0.2 0.8 6.3 5.4

Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty

3114 172.8 1.8 4.6 -0.4 -2.2 4.2 6.5

Dairy products

3115 166.2 -2.6 6.2 -0.2 2.5 6.0 3.4

Animal slaughtering and processing

3116 554.6 -0.4 7.9 -0.7 -0.4 7.2 7.6

Seafood product preparation and packaging

3117 28.9 5.3 3.8 -1.0 -6.0 2.8 9.3

Bakeries and tortilla products

3118 371.4 -0.6 5.8 0.1 0.7 5.9 5.1

Other food products

3119 266.2 -2.7 6.5 0.6 3.4 7.1 3.6

Beverages and tobacco products

312 343.8 -7.2 8.6 -1.9 5.7 6.6 0.8

Beverages

3121 333.0 -6.1 7.4 -0.5 5.9 6.8 0.9

Tobacco

3122 10.8 -5.5 8.4 -4.8 0.8 3.2 2.4

Textile mills

313 92.8 2.4 3.5 -3.3 -5.6 0.1 6.1

Fiber, yarn, and thread mills

3131 22.5 0.2 4.0 -6.2 -6.4 -2.5 4.2

Fabric mills

3132 44.9 3.0 3.8 -2.6 -5.5 1.1 7.0

Textile and fabric finishing mills

3133 25.4 1.7 3.6 -3.3 -4.9 0.2 5.3

Textile product mills

314 106.7 0.8 6.0 -3.4 -4.2 2.3 6.8

Textile furnishings mills

3141 42.3 1.6 5.9 -4.5 -6.0 1.2 7.6

Other textile product mills

3149 64.4 0.4 5.9 -2.4 -2.8 3.3 6.3

Apparel

315 107.8 2.0 3.4 -2.9 -4.8 0.4 5.5

Apparel knitting mills

3151 7.3 5.3 1.7 -3.9 -8.7 -2.3 7.1

Cut and sew apparel

3152 84.9 2.3 3.1 -3.4 -5.6 -0.3 5.5

Accessories and other apparel

3159 15.6 -0.2 6.4 2.2 2.4 8.7 6.2

Leather and allied products

316 30.0 1.3 4.2 0.3 -1.0 4.4 5.5

Leather and hide tanning and finishing

3161 4.1 4.7 2.4 0.8 -3.7 3.2 7.2

Footwear

3162 12.3 -2.8 6.4 -4.1 -1.4 2.0 3.4

Other leather products

3169 13.6 4.2 2.9 4.4 0.2 7.5 7.3

Paper

322 358.3 -1.9 6.1 -3.1 -1.2 2.9 4.1

Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills

3221 87.6 -0.8 5.7 -4.0 -3.3 1.4 4.8

Converted paper products

3222 270.7 -2.0 6.2 -2.4 -0.4 3.7 4.1

Printing and related support activities

323 391.8 0.3 4.6 -3.5 -3.8 0.9 4.9

Printing and related support activities

3231 391.8 0.3 4.6 -3.5 -3.8 0.9 4.9

Petroleum and coal products

324 109.1 1.8 4.2 -0.9 -2.6 3.2 6.0

Petroleum and coal products

3241 109.1 1.8 4.2 -0.9 -2.6 3.2 6.0

Chemicals

325 918.5 -1.2 4.4 0.0 1.2 4.4 3.1

Basic chemicals

3251 156.6 -0.8 5.3 -1.1 -0.3 4.1 4.4

Resin, rubber, and artificial fibers

3252 97.2 -1.6 4.7 -2.0 -0.5 2.5 3.0

Agricultural chemicals

3253 38.5 -0.2 1.1 1.3 1.5 2.5 1.0

Pharmaceuticals and medicines

3254 351.1 0.1 3.7 2.4 2.3 6.2 3.8

Paints, coatings, and adhesives

3255 65.2 2.1 2.6 1.9 -0.2 4.6 4.7

Soaps, cleaning compounds, and toiletries

3256 125.7 -5.7 4.1 -2.7 3.2 1.4 -1.8

Other chemical products and preparations

3259 84.2 -0.3 4.4 -0.4 0.0 4.1 4.1

Plastics and rubber products

326 742.2 -1.2 5.7 -1.3 -0.1 4.3 4.4

Plastics products

3261 605.1 -1.3 5.7 -1.3 0.1 4.4 4.3

Rubber products

3262 137.1 -0.7 5.4 -1.4 -0.7 4.0 4.7

Durable Manufacturing

Wood products

321 451.9 -0.7 7.6 -1.1 -0.4 6.4 6.8

Sawmills and wood preservation

3211 103.4 1.6 4.3 0.5 -1.1 4.9 6.0

Plywood and engineered wood products

3212 83.1 -6.3 11.3 -5.1 1.3 5.6 4.3

Other wood products

3219 265.4 1.1 6.9 0.4 -0.6 7.3 8.0

Nonmetallic mineral products

327 437.9 0.8 3.4 1.1 0.2 4.5 4.2

Clay products and refractories

3271 42.3 5.1 2.1 0.5 -4.3 2.7 7.3

Glass and glass products

3272 87.0 -4.2 6.2 -4.7 -0.5 1.2 1.7

Cement and concrete products

3273 209.6 2.1 2.8 2.7 0.6 5.5 4.9

Lime and gypsum products

3274 16.3 -0.5 5.0 1.2 1.7 6.2 4.5

Other nonmetallic mineral products

3279 82.7 0.5 3.2 2.7 2.3 6.0 3.7

Primary metals

331 380.5 -3.9 8.0 -5.1 -1.2 2.4 3.7

Iron and steel mills and ferroalloys

3311 83.6 -5.9 10.1 -7.8 -2.0 1.5 3.6

Steel products from purchased steel

3312 60.4 -5.2 8.8 -5.3 -0.1 3.0 3.2

Alumina and aluminum production

3313 60.7 -3.1 7.1 -3.9 -0.9 2.9 3.8

Other nonferrous metal production

3314 64.3 1.4 3.0 1.3 -0.1 4.3 4.5

Foundries

3315 111.5 -3.0 7.1 -5.0 -2.0 1.8 3.8

Fabricated metal products

332 1,480.7 -0.5 5.2 -1.5 -1.0 3.7 4.7

Forging and stamping

3321 90.7 -4.2 8.1 -6.9 -2.8 0.7 3.6

Cutlery and handtools

3322 36.9 -1.1 1.8 -0.4 0.7 1.4 0.6

Architectural and structural metals

3323 418.5 -1.6 7.0 -1.2 0.4 5.7 5.2

Boilers, tanks, and shipping containers

3324 95.4 -2.6 7.8 -3.6 -1.0 4.0 5.0

Hardware

3325 24.8 0.3 6.4 -2.0 -2.3 4.2 6.7

Spring and wire products

3326 41.2 1.9 4.4 -1.2 -3.0 3.2 6.4

Machine shops and threaded products

3327 354.2 0.8 3.7 -1.2 -2.0 2.5 4.5

Coating, engraving, and heat treating metals

3328 131.7 2.8 4.0 -0.4 -3.2 3.6 7.0

Other fabricated metal products

3329 287.3 0.3 3.5 0.5 0.2 4.0 3.8

Machinery

333 1,145.2 -0.4 4.4 -0.5 -0.1 3.9 4.0

Agriculture, construction, and mining machinery

3331 223.2 2.3 3.3 2.2 -0.1 5.6 5.7

Industrial machinery

3332 136.2 -4.1 5.1 -0.8 3.4 4.3 0.8

Commercial and service industry machinery

3333 91.1 3.3 0.8 2.4 -0.9 3.2 4.2

HVAC and commercial refrigeration equipment

3334 149.2 -5.8 10.7 -4.3 1.6 5.9 4.3

Metalworking machinery

3335 162.9 6.3 -1.2 2.1 -3.9 0.9 5.0

Turbine and power transmission equipment

3336 93.0 -0.8 5.5 -3.0 -2.3 2.3 4.6

Other general purpose machinery

3339 289.6 -2.6 5.8 -1.8 0.8 3.9 3.1

Computer and electronic products

334 1,111.3 0.2 2.6 0.0 -0.2 2.6 2.8

Computer and peripheral equipment

3341 163.9 2.0 2.1 -0.1 -2.0 2.1 4.2

Communications equipment

3342 86.7 -0.6 -0.4 0.2 0.8 -0.2 -1.0

Audio and video equipment

3343 19.6 9.6 -13.5 6.0 -3.3 -8.3 -5.2

Semiconductors and electronic components

3344 396.1 2.0 0.7 2.6 0.6 3.4 2.8

Electronic instruments

3345 432.9 -1.5 4.6 -1.7 -0.2 2.9 3.1

Magnetic media manufacturing and reproducing

3346 12.1 8.4 -4.3 5.6 -2.6 1.0 3.7

Electrical equipment and appliances

335 421.0 -1.0 5.6 -0.3 0.7 5.3 4.5

Electric lighting equipment

3351 39.4 1.0 1.4 -1.7 -2.7 -0.3 2.4

Household appliances

3352 65.6 -2.2 0.4 0.1 2.4 0.5 -1.8

Electrical equipment

3353 149.0 -0.2 6.6 0.5 0.7 7.1 6.3

Other electrical equipment and components

3359 167.0 -1.9 7.4 -0.8 1.1 6.6 5.4

Transportation equipment

336 1,804.3 -1.3 4.4 -0.4 0.9 3.9 2.9

Motor vehicles

3361 296.0 -4.1 5.7 1.1 5.4 6.8 1.4

Motor vehicle bodies and trailers

3362 173.2 -3.5 5.2 -2.4 1.2 2.7 1.5

Motor vehicle parts

3363 577.1 1.7 0.9 1.2 -0.4 2.1 2.5

Aerospace products and parts

3364 534.6 -4.6 9.3 -4.9 -0.3 3.9 4.2

Railroad rolling stock

3365 21.8 -5.3 8.6 -7.0 -1.8 1.0 2.8

Ship and boat building

3366 158.7 -0.3 4.2 1.4 1.7 5.6 3.8

Other transportation equipment

3369 42.9 -4.6 4.0 0.2 5.0 4.1 -0.8

Furniture and related products

337 386.1 -1.9 5.2 -3.7 -1.8 1.3 3.2

Household and institutional furniture

3371 249.5 -1.0 4.7 -2.4 -1.5 2.2 3.7

Office furniture and fixtures

3372 105.2 -2.4 6.1 -4.8 -2.5 1.0 3.6

Other furniture related products

3379 31.4 -3.3 2.9 -5.5 -2.3 -2.7 -0.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339 688.5 0.9 3.0 0.9 0.0 4.0 4.0

Medical equipment and supplies

3391 340.3 1.6 2.2 1.7 0.1 3.9 3.8

Other miscellaneous manufacturing

3399 348.2 0.0 4.1 -0.1 -0.1 4.0 4.2
Last Modified Date: April 25, 2024