From March 2014 to June 2014 gross job gains in private sector establishments in Illinois totaled 301,654, while gross job losses numbered 271,324, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Charlene Peiffer noted that gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 30,330. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 8,906.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note for more information.) 

Gross job gains in Illinois have trended upward since recording a series low of 214,580 in March 2009. The 301,654 gross job gains in the 3 month period ended in June 2014 was the largest increase since the March 2009 low point and the first time gross job gains topped 300,000 since the 301,611 in the quarter ended June 2006. Gross job losses in June 2014 totaled 271,324 in the state, the third time in the previous four quarters that losses exceeded 270,000. (See chart 1.) Gross job losses in the state peaked in the 3 month period ended September 2001, when losses totaled 358,677. 

Gross job gains represented 6.1 percent of private sector employment in Illinois in the quarter ended June 2014, while nationally gross job gains accounted for 6.5 percent of private employment. (See chart 2.) The rate of gross job gains in Illinois has been below the U.S. rate in all but two instances each quarter since the series began in September 1992. The Illinois rate of gross job loss as a percent of private sector employment was 5.5 percent, close to the national rate of 5.6 percent in June 2014. The Illinois gross job loss rate has remained below the U.S. rate since the series inception.

During the second quarter of 2014, Illinois gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in eight industry sectors. For example, more than 40,700 jobs were created by opening and expanding establishments in the retail trade industry during the period, though over 30,600 jobs were lost at closing and contracting establishments. The resulting net gain of 10,178 jobs was the largest of any sector in the second quarter 2014. Other industries showing net job gains included professional and business services and leisure and hospitality. Within the professional and business services industry, more than 64,900 jobs were created at opening and expanding establishments, while more than 57,000 jobs were lost at closing and contracting establishments, resulting in a net gain of 7,940. Leisure and hospitality recorded a net employment gain of 4,426, with over 48,500 gross job gains in opening and expanding establishments and almost 44,100 job losses in closing and contracting establishments. (See table 1.) 

In contrast, three industry sectors reported net employment losses. The manufacturing industry reported a net loss of 857 jobs. While more than 19,100 jobs were added in expanding and opening establishments, those gains were offset by a loss of more than 20,000 jobs at closing and contracting establishments. The financial activities industry reported a net loss of 840 jobs, while wholesale trade saw a net employment loss of 417 jobs.

 In June 2014, gross job gains were larger than losses in all twelve of the North Central States. (See table A.) The rate of gross job gains was lower than the national rate of 6.5 percent in 10 of the 12 states. Two states, North Dakota and Minnesota, were higher or the same as the nation. For gross job losses, the rate was lower than the national rate of 5.6 percent for 7 of the 12 North Central States. Among the five states with a higher than average rate of gross job losses, North Dakota was the highest at 7.0 percent. Minnesota had the largest rate of net change in employment, up 1.4 percent, while Nebraska recorded no change.

Table A. Private sector gross job gains and losses for the United States and North Central States, 3 months ended June 2014, seasonally adjusted

Area	Gross Job gains		Gross Job losses		Net Change	Net change as a percent of total employment
	Total	As a percent of total employment	Total	As a percent of total employment
United States (1)	7,438	6.5	6,522	5.6	916	0.9
Illinois	301,654	6.1	271,324	5.5	30,330	0.6
Indiana	146,372	5.9	125,025	5.0	21,347	0.9
Iowa	78,695	6.2	72,090	5.7	6,605	0.5
Kansas	67,594	6.1	62,628	5.7	4,966	0.4
Michigan	226,224	6.4	192,512	5.4	33,712	1.0
Minnesota	152,857	6.5	118,560	5.1	34,297	1.4
Missouri	134,112	6.0	117,942	5.3	16,170	0.7
Nebraska	47,067	6.0	46,594	6.0	473	0.0
North Dakota	28,240	7.6	26,117	7.0	2,123	0.6
Ohio	270,113	6.1	234,618	5.3	35,495	0.8
South Dakota	21,583	6.4	20,238	6.0	1,345	0.4
Wisconsin	139,665	5.9	119,588	5.0	20,077	0.9
Footnotes: (1) Numbers in thousands.

Additional statistics and other information

BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. For more information on the Business Employment Dynamics data, visit the BED web site at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request: Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2014 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 29, 2015 at 9:00 a.m. (CDT).

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), or the ES-202 program. The BED data are compiled from existing QCEW records. The QCEW reports are sent by the State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) to BLS and form the basis of the Bureau’s QCEW program and establishment universe sampling frame. These reports are also used to produce the QCEW data on total employment and wages. Other important Bureau uses of the QCEW reports are in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The CES program produces monthly estimates of employment, net changes, and earnings by detailed industry.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establishments.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings.  These are either establishments with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions.  These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings.  These are either establishments with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions.  These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Illinois, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and job losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2013	Sept. 2013	Dec. 2013	Mar. 2014	June 2014	June 2013	Sept. 2013	Dec. 2013	Mar. 2014	June 2014
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	284,501	281,978	287,742	282,582	301,654	5.8	5.7	5.8	5.8	6.1
At expanding establishments	234,193	222,284	241,061	220,819	249,142	4.8	4.5	4.9	4.5	5.0
At opening establishments	50,308	59,694	46,681	61,763	52,512	1.0	1.2	0.9	1.3	1.1
Gross job losses	262,528	276,028	262,299	273,676	271,324	5.3	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.5
At contracting establishments	207,222	223,501	208,474	224,028	211,739	4.2	4.6	4.2	4.5	4.3
At closing establishments	55,306	52,527	53,825	49,648	59,585	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.2
Net employment change (2)	21,973	5,950	25,443	8,906	30,330	0.5	0.0	0.5	0.3	0.6
Construction
Gross job gains	26,687	27,239	24,978	26,024	28,155	14.1	14.2	12.9	13.3	14.1
At expanding establishments	21,205	20,725	19,712	20,151	22,545	11.2	10.8	10.2	10.3	11.3
At opening establishments	5,482	6,514	5,266	5,873	5,610	2.9	3.4	2.7	3.0	2.8
Gross job losses	25,505	23,401	27,067	22,574	23,909	13.4	12.1	14.0	11.5	12.0
At contracting establishments	19,330	18,345	21,252	18,036	18,920	10.2	9.5	11.0	9.2	9.5
At closing establishments	6,175	5,056	5,815	4,538	4,989	3.2	2.6	3.0	2.3	2.5
Net employment change (2)	1,182	3,838	-2,089	3,450	4,246	0.7	2.1	-1.1	1.8	2.1
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	16,884	16,925	18,268	18,445	19,193	3.0	2.9	3.2	3.2	3.3
At expanding establishments	14,838	14,075	16,591	15,716	17,051	2.6	2.4	2.9	2.7	2.9
At opening establishments	2,046	2,850	1,677	2,729	2,142	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.4
Gross job losses	18,925	20,704	16,792	16,978	20,050	3.3	3.6	2.9	2.9	3.4
At contracting establishments	16,241	17,878	13,691	14,456	17,574	2.8	3.1	2.4	2.5	3.0
At closing establishments	2,684	2,826	3,101	2,522	2,476	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4
Net employment change (2)	-2,041	-3,779	1,476	1,467	-857	-0.3	-0.7	0.3	0.3	-0.1
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	14,185	12,593	12,865	13,123	13,665	4.7	4.2	4.3	4.4	4.5
At expanding establishments	11,478	10,257	10,900	10,803	11,471	3.8	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.8
At opening establishments	2,707	2,336	1,965	2,320	2,194	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7
Gross job losses	12,122	12,305	11,370	12,288	14,082	4.1	4.1	3.8	4.1	4.7
At contracting establishments	9,427	9,899	8,704	9,212	10,048	3.2	3.3	2.9	3.1	3.4
At closing establishments	2,695	2,406	2,666	3,076	4,034	0.9	0.8	0.9	1.0	1.3
Net employment change (2)	2,063	288	1,495	835	-417	0.6	0.1	0.5	0.3	-0.2
Retail trade
Gross job gains	37,059	33,923	33,518	37,230	40,795	6.1	5.7	5.6	6.2	6.7
At expanding establishments	32,591	28,772	29,492	30,742	35,849	5.4	4.8	4.9	5.1	5.9
At opening establishments	4,468	5,151	4,026	6,488	4,946	0.7	0.9	0.7	1.1	0.8
Gross job losses	29,082	34,859	32,129	36,032	30,617	4.8	5.7	5.3	6.0	5.0
At contracting establishments	24,092	30,485	27,260	31,010	25,543	4.0	5.0	4.5	5.2	4.2
At closing establishments	4,990	4,374	4,869	5,022	5,074	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8
Net employment change (2)	7,977	-936	1,389	1,198	10,178	1.3	0.0	0.3	0.2	1.7
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	10,659	12,385	13,389	10,787	11,931	4.8	5.4	5.8	4.7	5.2
At expanding establishments	8,725	9,821	11,687	8,962	9,726	3.9	4.3	5.1	3.9	4.2
At opening establishments	1,934	2,564	1,702	1,825	2,205	0.9	1.1	0.7	0.8	1.0
Gross job losses	12,445	10,263	10,954	11,250	10,329	5.5	4.5	4.8	4.9	4.4
At contracting establishments	10,383	8,429	8,906	9,554	8,373	4.6	3.7	3.9	4.2	3.6
At closing establishments	2,062	1,834	2,048	1,696	1,956	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.8
Net employment change (2)	-1,786	2,122	2,435	-463	1,602	-0.7	0.9	1.0	-0.2	0.8
Information
Gross job gains	5,423	4,202	4,297	4,774	5,135	5.4	4.3	4.4	4.8	5.2
At expanding establishments	4,718	3,311	3,635	3,249	4,555	4.7	3.4	3.7	3.3	4.6
At opening establishments	705	891	662	1,525	580	0.7	0.9	0.7	1.5	0.6
Gross job losses	5,023	5,400	4,772	4,298	4,193	5.0	5.5	4.9	4.3	4.2
At contracting establishments	3,831	4,318	3,685	3,465	2,964	3.8	4.4	3.8	3.5	3.0
At closing establishments	1,192	1,082	1,087	833	1,229	1.2	1.1	1.1	0.8	1.2
Net employment change (2)	400	-1,198	-475	476	942	0.4	-1.2	-0.5	0.5	1.0
Financial activities
Gross job gains	14,759	14,439	14,298	14,226	15,285	4.2	4.1	4.1	4.0	4.3
At expanding establishments	11,874	10,968	11,627	10,579	12,536	3.4	3.1	3.3	3.0	3.5
At opening establishments	2,885	3,471	2,671	3,647	2,749	0.8	1.0	0.8	1.0	0.8
Gross job losses	13,030	14,742	15,196	14,298	16,125	3.7	4.1	4.3	4.1	4.6
At contracting establishments	9,909	11,515	11,811	11,183	12,625	2.8	3.2	3.3	3.2	3.6
At closing establishments	3,121	3,227	3,385	3,115	3,500	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0
Net employment change (2)	1,729	-303	-898	-72	-840	0.5	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	-0.3
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	63,700	60,048	72,946	58,614	64,945	7.2	6.8	8.1	6.5	7.1
At expanding establishments	52,595	47,516	61,857	46,011	53,952	5.9	5.4	6.9	5.1	5.9
At opening establishments	11,105	12,532	11,089	12,603	10,993	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.2
Gross job losses	54,349	57,888	52,512	62,864	57,005	6.1	6.5	5.9	6.9	6.2
At contracting establishments	41,748	45,040	40,923	52,887	42,208	4.7	5.1	4.6	5.8	4.6
At closing establishments	12,601	12,848	11,589	9,977	14,797	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.6
Net employment change (2)	9,351	2,160	20,434	-4,250	7,940	1.1	0.3	2.2	-0.4	0.9
Education and health services
Gross job gains	31,368	35,101	33,214	36,037	34,916	3.6	4.1	3.9	4.1	4.0
At expanding establishments	26,716	30,107	28,313	30,652	29,773	3.1	3.5	3.3	3.5	3.4
At opening establishments	4,652	4,994	4,901	5,385	5,143	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Gross job losses	32,747	32,826	31,989	35,177	33,652	3.8	3.8	3.7	4.1	3.9
At contracting establishments	27,355	27,480	25,963	29,222	26,206	3.2	3.2	3.0	3.4	3.0
At closing establishments	5,392	5,346	6,026	5,955	7,446	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.9
Net employment change (2)	-1,379	2,275	1,225	860	1,264	-0.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	45,906	44,717	43,217	44,593	48,525	8.4	8.1	7.8	8.1	8.7
At expanding establishments	35,993	33,583	34,793	30,622	36,817	6.6	6.1	6.3	5.6	6.6
At opening establishments	9,913	11,134	8,424	13,971	11,708	1.8	2.0	1.5	2.5	2.1
Gross job losses	42,199	46,743	42,138	42,544	44,099	7.7	8.5	7.7	7.7	8.0
At contracting establishments	33,071	37,317	33,443	33,022	34,330	6.0	6.8	6.1	6.0	6.2
At closing establishments	9,128	9,426	8,695	9,522	9,769	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.7	1.8
Net employment change (2)	3,707	-2,026	1,079	2,049	4,426	0.7	-0.4	0.1	0.4	0.7
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	12,409	13,885	11,491	13,504	14,172	6.5	7.3	6.1	7.0	7.3
At expanding establishments	9,743	10,270	8,698	10,279	11,212	5.1	5.4	4.6	5.3	5.8
At opening establishments	2,666	3,615	2,793	3,225	2,960	1.4	1.9	1.5	1.7	1.5
Gross job losses	12,306	12,180	12,864	10,954	12,800	6.5	6.4	6.7	5.7	6.6
At contracting establishments	8,711	9,190	9,957	8,508	9,894	4.6	4.8	5.2	4.4	5.1
At closing establishments	3,595	2,990	2,907	2,446	2,906	1.9	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.5
Net employment change (2)	103	1,705	-1,373	2,550	1,372	0.0	0.9	-0.6	1.3	0.7
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, 2nd quarter 2014, seasonally adjusted

State	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Jun. 2013	Sep. 2013	Dec. 2013	Mar. 2014	Jun. 2014	Jun. 2013	Sep. 2013	Dec. 2013	Mar. 2014	Jun. 2014
United States (1)	6.4	6.3	6.4	6.0	6.5	5.8	5.8	5.8	5.7	5.6
Alabama	6.0	5.5	6.0	5.6	5.9	5.6	5.7	5.3	5.7	5.5
Alaska	10.7	9.8	10.1	10.8	10.9	9.9	10.1	10.4	9.6	10.9
Arizona	6.2	6.4	6.7	5.7	6.0	5.9	5.5	5.4	6.0	6.0
Arkansas	5.3	5.8	6.0	5.8	5.6	6.0	5.7	5.5	5.0	4.9
California	7.0	6.9	7.3	6.8	7.0	6.5	6.2	6.3	6.1	6.4
Colorado	7.0	7.0	6.9	6.7	7.3	6.1	6.3	6.1	5.9	6.1
Connecticut	5.6	5.3	5.3	5.1	5.6	4.8	5.4	5.4	5.0	4.8
Delaware	6.5	6.6	6.6	6.3	6.5	5.8	6.0	5.8	5.9	5.2
District of Columbia	6.2	6.0	5.8	5.9	6.4	5.7	5.1	5.4	5.5	5.7
Florida	7.1	7.0	7.0	6.5	7.2	6.4	6.2	6.0	5.8	6.2
Georgia	6.6	6.6	6.8	6.5	6.8	6.1	6.0	5.8	5.6	5.9
Hawaii	5.2	5.6	5.4	4.8	4.9	5.1	4.7	4.5	5.1	5.1
Idaho	8.0	7.7	8.3	8.4	7.7	7.4	7.2	7.3	7.2	8.0
Illinois	5.8	5.7	5.8	5.8	6.1	5.3	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.5
Indiana	5.7	5.6	6.1	5.3	5.9	5.3	5.4	5.1	5.5	5.0
Iowa	6.0	5.9	6.0	5.8	6.2	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.5	5.7
Kansas	6.2	6.1	6.2	5.7	6.1	5.6	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.7
Kentucky	5.9	6.0	6.5	6.1	6.2	5.7	5.5	5.4	5.9	5.5
Louisiana	6.3	6.9	6.7	6.7	6.6	6.6	6.0	6.1	5.8	6.4
Maine	8.1	7.4	7.0	6.7	7.8	6.4	7.3	7.5	7.0	6.5
Maryland	6.2	6.1	6.4	5.9	6.6	6.1	6.1	6.3	5.8	5.8
Massachusetts	6.1	5.5	5.4	5.3	6.3	5.0	5.5	5.3	5.0	5.3
Michigan	6.3	5.9	6.0	5.5	6.4	5.7	5.8	5.6	5.1	5.4
Minnesota	6.1	5.6	5.6	5.3	6.5	5.2	5.5	5.6	5.7	5.1
Mississippi	5.9	6.2	6.6	5.7	6.1	6.1	5.8	5.6	5.9	6.7
Missouri	5.9	5.8	6.0	5.6	6.0	5.3	5.7	5.5	5.5	5.3
Montana	8.0	7.7	8.2	7.2	8.2	7.9	7.6	7.5	7.9	7.7
Nebraska	6.0	6.3	6.3	5.9	6.0	5.4	5.7	5.7	5.6	6.0
Nevada	6.7	6.0	6.3	6.6	6.7	5.6	5.8	5.3	5.2	5.6
New Hampshire	6.8	6.0	6.8	5.7	6.7	5.9	6.5	5.8	5.9	6.1
New Jersey	6.5	6.2	6.4	5.9	6.9	5.7	6.2	6.4	6.2	5.8
New Mexico	6.9	6.7	6.9	6.3	6.6	6.7	6.7	6.4	6.4	6.1
New York	6.5	6.4	6.6	6.2	6.6	5.8	6.1	6.0	6.0	5.7
North Carolina	6.3	6.3	6.4	5.9	6.4	5.8	5.8	5.7	5.6	5.5
North Dakota	7.3	8.3	8.2	8.6	7.6	7.6	6.9	6.9	6.8	7.0
Ohio	6.2	5.6	6.0	5.6	6.1	5.3	5.6	5.3	5.6	5.3
Oklahoma	6.4	6.4	6.2	6.1	6.2	5.9	5.7	6.2	6.0	6.1
Oregon	7.2	7.1	6.9	7.0	6.9	6.3	6.3	6.6	6.1	6.4
Pennsylvania	5.3	5.2	5.4	5.2	5.6	5.2	5.2	5.2	4.9	4.8
Rhode Island	6.5	6.2	6.2	5.7	6.5	5.7	6.1	5.7	5.7	5.5
South Carolina	6.3	6.2	6.7	6.2	6.5	5.4	5.6	5.5	5.8	5.7
South Dakota	6.5	6.2	6.9	6.3	6.4	5.7	6.3	6.0	6.1	6.0
Tennessee	5.6	5.5	6.3	5.4	5.6	5.3	5.3	4.7	5.3	5.0
Texas	5.8	6.0	6.1	5.9	6.0	5.1	5.2	5.3	5.1	4.9
Utah	7.0	6.9	7.4	6.5	7.0	6.5	6.4	6.1	6.0	6.6
Vermont	7.4	7.1	7.6	6.7	7.4	7.7	7.4	6.6	6.8	6.9
Virginia	5.6	5.9	5.7	5.3	6.2	5.6	5.9	5.6	5.5	5.5
Washington	7.3	7.0	6.9	6.6	7.3	6.1	6.6	6.3	5.9	5.5
West Virginia	6.2	6.0	6.5	6.3	6.6	6.6	6.4	6.4	6.7	6.4
Wisconsin	5.8	5.5	5.7	5.3	5.9	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.1	5.0
Wyoming	8.6	8.4	9.4	8.4	8.7	9.1	8.2	8.1	8.0	8.2
Puerto Rico	6.0	6.1	6.6	5.1	5.6	6.0	6.6	5.2	6.4	6.3
Virgin Islands	4.9	5.7	5.5	4.9	6.1	6.8	6.5	6.0	6.1	6.4
Footnotes: (1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.