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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                  USDL-15-0530
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 3, 2015

Technical information: 
 Household data:     (202) 691-6378  •  cpsinfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data: (202) 691-6555  •  cesinfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:       (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


                            THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- MARCH 2015


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 126,000 in March, and the unemployment
rate was unchanged at 5.5 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Employment continued to trend up in professional and business services, health care,
and retail trade, while mining lost jobs.

Household Survey Data

In March, the unemployment rate held at 5.5 percent, and the number of unemployed
persons was little changed at 8.6 million. Over the year, the unemployment rate and
the number of unemployed persons were down by 1.1 percentage points and 1.8 million,
respectively. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (5.1 percent),
adult women (4.9 percent), teenagers (17.5 percent), whites (4.7 percent), blacks
(10.1 percent), Asians (3.2 percent), and Hispanics (6.8 percent) showed little or
no change in March. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of new entrants decreased by 157,000 in March and is
down by 342,000 over the year. Unemployed new entrants are those who never previously
worked. (See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little
changed at 2.6 million in March. These individuals accounted for 29.8 percent of the
unemployed. Over the past 12 months, the number of long-term unemployed has declined
by 1.1 million. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate was little changed at 62.7 percent in
March. Since April 2014, the participation rate has remained within a narrow range
of 62.7 percent to 62.9 percent. In March, the employment-population ratio was 59.3
percent for the third consecutive month. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to
as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in March at 6.7 million. These
individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time
because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time
job. (See table A-8.)

In March, 2.1 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little
changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a
job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they
had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 738,000 discouraged workers in March, little
different from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged 
workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are
available for them. The remaining 1.3 million persons marginally attached to the labor
force in March had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or
family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased in March (+126,000). Over the prior 12 months,
employment growth had averaged 269,000 per month. In March, employment continued to trend
up in professional and business services, health care, and retail trade, while employment
in mining declined. (See table B-1.)

Employment in professional and business services trended up in March (+40,000). Job
growth in the first quarter of 2015 averaged 34,000 per month in this industry, below
the average monthly gain of 59,000 in 2014. Within professional and business services,
employment continued to trend up in architectural and engineering services (+4,000),
computer systems design and related services (+4,000), and management and technical
consulting services (+4,000).

Health care continued to add jobs in March (+22,000). Over the year, health care has
added 363,000 jobs. In March, job gains occurred in ambulatory health care services
(+19,000) and hospitals (+8,000), while nursing care facilities lost jobs (-6,000).

In March, employment in retail trade continued to trend up (+26,000), in line with its
prior 12-month average gain. Within retail trade, general merchandise stores added
11,000 jobs in March.

Employment in mining declined by 11,000 in March. The industry has lost 30,000 jobs thus
far in 2015, after adding 41,000 jobs in 2014. The employment declines in the first
quarter of 2015, as well as the gains in 2014, were concentrated in support activities
for mining, which includes support for oil and gas extraction.

Employment in food services and drinking places changed little in March (+9,000),
following a large increase in the prior month (+66,000). Job growth in the first
quarter of 2015 averaged 33,000 per month, the same as the average monthly gain
in 2014.

Employment in other major industries, including construction, manufacturing, wholesale
trade, transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and government,
showed little change over the month.

In March, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by
0.1 hour to 34.5 hours. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.1 hour to 40.9 hours,
and factory overtime remained at 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls decreased by 0.1 hour to 33.7
hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In March, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by
7 cents to $24.86. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1 percent.
Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose
by 4 cents to $20.86 in March. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from +239,000 to
+201,000, and the change for February was revised from +295,000 to +264,000. With these
revisions, employment gains in January and February combined were 69,000 less than
previously reported.  Over the past 3 months, job gains have averaged 197,000 per month.

_____________
The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 8, 2015,
at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Change from:
Feb.
2015-
Mar.
2015

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

247,258 249,723 249,899 250,080 181

Civilian labor force

156,180 157,180 157,002 156,906 -96

Participation rate

63.2 62.9 62.8 62.7 -0.1

Employed

145,796 148,201 148,297 148,331 34

Employment-population ratio

59.0 59.3 59.3 59.3 0.0

Unemployed

10,384 8,979 8,705 8,575 -130

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.7 5.5 5.5 0.0

Not in labor force

91,077 92,544 92,898 93,175 277

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

6.6 5.7 5.5 5.5 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

6.0 5.3 5.2 5.1 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

6.2 5.1 4.9 4.9 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

20.9 18.8 17.1 17.5 0.4

White

5.7 4.9 4.7 4.7 0.0

Black or African American

12.2 10.3 10.4 10.1 -0.3

Asian

5.4 4.0 4.0 3.2 -0.8

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

7.9 6.7 6.6 6.8 0.2

Total, 25 years and over

5.4 4.6 4.5 4.4 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma

9.4 8.5 8.4 8.6 0.2

High school graduates, no college

6.3 5.4 5.4 5.3 -0.1

Some college or associate degree

5.9 5.2 5.1 4.8 -0.3

Bachelor's degree and higher

3.4 2.8 2.7 2.5 -0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5,416 4,242 4,180 4,189 9

Job leavers

807 851 884 875 -9

Reentrants

3,027 2,829 2,655 2,689 34

New entrants

1,157 1,033 972 815 -157

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,477 2,383 2,431 2,488 57

5 to 14 weeks

2,584 2,318 2,223 2,312 89

15 to 26 weeks

1,669 1,380 1,335 1,253 -82

27 weeks and over

3,682 2,800 2,709 2,563 -146

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

7,449 6,810 6,635 6,705 70

Slack work or business conditions

4,477 4,012 3,847 4,069 222

Could only find part-time work

2,685 2,460 2,426 2,337 -89

Part time for noneconomic reasons

19,275 19,822 19,837 19,733 -104

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

2,168 2,234 2,159 2,055 -

Discouraged workers

698 682 732 738 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

225 201 264 126

Total private

223 202 264 129

Goods-producing

42 51 20 -13

Mining and logging

3 -7 -11 -11

Construction

30 41 29 -1

Manufacturing

9 17 2 -1

Durable goods(1)

14 12 5 0

Motor vehicles and parts

1.7 3.8 1.0 0.6

Nondurable goods

-5 5 -3 -1

Private service-providing

181 151 244 142

Wholesale trade

5.2 12.3 9.6 5.8

Retail trade

26.6 35.4 32.3 25.9

Transportation and warehousing

15.2 -13.1 9.7 9.5

Utilities

2.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Information

3 6 7 2

Financial activities

2 19 7 8

Professional and business services(1)

39 20 42 40

Temporary help services

15.0 -7.8 -7.5 11.4

Education and health services(1)

35 42 57 38

Health care and social assistance

27.6 49.8 34.0 30.0

Leisure and hospitality

39 24 70 13

Other services

14 5 9 0

Government

2 -1 0 -3

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

193 318 265 197

Total private

194 312 262 198

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.4 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees

47.9 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.6 82.5 82.5 82.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.5 34.6 34.6 34.5

Average hourly earnings

$24.34 $24.76 $24.79 $24.86

Average weekly earnings

$839.73 $856.70 $857.73 $857.67

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

100.2 102.8 103.1 102.9

Over-the-month percent change

0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

116.4 121.5 121.9 122.1

Over-the-month percent change

0.6 0.7 0.3 0.2

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (263 industries)

64.4 60.5 65.8 61.4

Manufacturing (80 industries)

57.5 58.8 61.3 47.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 143,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 588,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 105,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-55,000 to +155,000 (50,000 +/- 105,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

247,258 249,899 250,080 247,258 248,844 249,027 249,723 249,899 250,080

Civilian labor force

155,627 156,213 156,318 156,180 156,402 156,129 157,180 157,002 156,906

Participation rate

62.9 62.5 62.5 63.2 62.9 62.7 62.9 62.8 62.7

Employed

145,090 147,118 147,635 145,796 147,331 147,442 148,201 148,297 148,331

Employment-population ratio

58.7 58.9 59.0 59.0 59.2 59.2 59.3 59.3 59.3

Unemployed

10,537 9,095 8,682 10,384 9,071 8,688 8,979 8,705 8,575

Unemployment rate

6.8 5.8 5.6 6.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.5

Not in labor force

91,630 93,686 93,762 91,077 92,442 92,898 92,544 92,898 93,175

Persons who currently want a job

5,891 6,575 6,065 6,153 6,556 6,445 6,358 6,538 6,369

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

119,395 120,647 120,738 119,395 120,208 120,301 120,559 120,647 120,738

Civilian labor force

82,586 83,040 83,229 83,005 82,961 83,210 83,771 83,772 83,694

Participation rate

69.2 68.8 68.9 69.5 69.0 69.2 69.5 69.4 69.3

Employed

76,718 77,824 78,275 77,474 78,084 78,400 78,869 79,006 79,014

Employment-population ratio

64.3 64.5 64.8 64.9 65.0 65.2 65.4 65.5 65.4

Unemployed

5,868 5,216 4,954 5,531 4,877 4,810 4,903 4,766 4,680

Unemployment rate

7.1 6.3 6.0 6.7 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.7 5.6

Not in labor force

36,809 37,607 37,509 36,389 37,247 37,091 36,787 36,875 37,044

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

110,930 112,209 112,304 110,930 111,778 111,875 112,117 112,209 112,304

Civilian labor force

79,949 80,394 80,533 80,125 80,029 80,271 80,804 80,831 80,752

Participation rate

72.1 71.6 71.7 72.2 71.6 71.8 72.1 72.0 71.9

Employed

74,711 75,671 76,122 75,284 75,675 76,026 76,496 76,588 76,653

Employment-population ratio

67.3 67.4 67.8 67.9 67.7 68.0 68.2 68.3 68.3

Unemployed

5,238 4,723 4,411 4,841 4,354 4,245 4,308 4,243 4,099

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.9 5.5 6.0 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1

Not in labor force

30,981 31,816 31,771 30,805 31,749 31,603 31,313 31,379 31,552

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

127,863 129,252 129,342 127,863 128,637 128,726 129,165 129,252 129,342

Civilian labor force

73,041 73,173 73,089 73,175 73,442 72,919 73,408 73,230 73,211

Participation rate

57.1 56.6 56.5 57.2 57.1 56.6 56.8 56.7 56.6

Employed

68,373 69,294 69,360 68,322 69,247 69,042 69,332 69,291 69,317

Employment-population ratio

53.5 53.6 53.6 53.4 53.8 53.6 53.7 53.6 53.6

Unemployed

4,669 3,879 3,729 4,853 4,195 3,878 4,076 3,939 3,894

Unemployment rate

6.4 5.3 5.1 6.6 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.3

Not in labor force

54,822 56,079 56,253 54,688 55,195 55,807 55,756 56,023 56,131

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

119,669 121,060 121,152 119,669 120,465 120,557 120,970 121,060 121,152

Civilian labor force

70,402 70,526 70,374 70,363 70,599 70,111 70,558 70,370 70,330

Participation rate

58.8 58.3 58.1 58.8 58.6 58.2 58.3 58.1 58.1

Employed

66,170 67,058 67,022 66,009 66,894 66,632 66,983 66,901 66,874

Employment-population ratio

55.3 55.4 55.3 55.2 55.5 55.3 55.4 55.3 55.2

Unemployed

4,232 3,468 3,352 4,354 3,705 3,479 3,575 3,469 3,455

Unemployment rate

6.0 4.9 4.8 6.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force

49,267 50,534 50,779 49,307 49,866 50,446 50,412 50,690 50,823

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,658 16,630 16,624 16,658 16,602 16,595 16,636 16,630 16,624

Civilian labor force

5,276 5,293 5,411 5,692 5,775 5,747 5,817 5,801 5,824

Participation rate

31.7 31.8 32.5 34.2 34.8 34.6 35.0 34.9 35.0

Employed

4,209 4,389 4,491 4,504 4,762 4,784 4,722 4,808 4,804

Employment-population ratio

25.3 26.4 27.0 27.0 28.7 28.8 28.4 28.9 28.9

Unemployed

1,066 904 920 1,189 1,013 963 1,096 993 1,021

Unemployment rate

20.2 17.1 17.0 20.9 17.5 16.8 18.8 17.1 17.5

Not in labor force

11,382 11,337 11,213 10,966 10,827 10,849 10,819 10,829 10,800

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

195,117 196,392 196,482 195,117 195,995 196,091 196,307 196,392 196,482

Civilian labor force

123,157 123,224 123,196 123,677 123,391 123,058 124,119 123,875 123,739

Participation rate

63.1 62.7 62.7 63.4 63.0 62.8 63.2 63.1 63.0

Employed

115,851 116,944 117,178 116,569 117,307 117,186 118,035 117,992 117,886

Employment-population ratio

59.4 59.5 59.6 59.7 59.9 59.8 60.1 60.1 60.0

Unemployed

7,306 6,279 6,018 7,109 6,084 5,872 6,084 5,883 5,853

Unemployment rate

5.9 5.1 4.9 5.7 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.7

Not in labor force

71,959 73,169 73,286 71,439 72,604 73,033 72,189 72,517 72,743

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,407 64,559 64,674 64,652 64,339 64,392 64,871 64,920 64,899

Participation rate

72.4 72.0 72.1 72.7 71.9 71.9 72.4 72.4 72.4

Employed

60,730 61,228 61,538 61,269 61,388 61,551 61,953 62,015 62,023

Employment-population ratio

68.3 68.3 68.6 68.9 68.6 68.8 69.2 69.2 69.2

Unemployed

3,677 3,330 3,136 3,383 2,951 2,842 2,918 2,906 2,876

Unemployment rate

5.7 5.2 4.8 5.2 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,537 54,499 54,239 54,504 54,587 54,223 54,683 54,401 54,256

Participation rate

58.2 57.7 57.4 58.1 58.0 57.5 57.9 57.6 57.4

Employed

51,674 52,186 52,027 51,603 52,142 51,824 52,267 52,105 51,998

Employment-population ratio

55.1 55.3 55.1 55.0 55.4 55.0 55.4 55.2 55.0

Unemployed

2,864 2,312 2,212 2,901 2,445 2,399 2,416 2,296 2,258

Unemployment rate

5.3 4.2 4.1 5.3 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,213 4,166 4,283 4,521 4,466 4,443 4,565 4,554 4,584

Participation rate

34.0 33.8 34.7 36.5 36.2 36.0 37.0 36.9 37.2

Employed

3,448 3,529 3,613 3,696 3,777 3,811 3,814 3,872 3,865

Employment-population ratio

27.8 28.6 29.3 29.8 30.6 30.9 30.9 31.4 31.3

Unemployed

765 637 670 825 689 632 751 682 719

Unemployment rate

18.2 15.3 15.6 18.2 15.4 14.2 16.4 15.0 15.7

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,719 31,222 31,257 30,719 31,005 31,040 31,188 31,222 31,257

Civilian labor force

18,763 18,941 19,020 18,790 19,056 19,037 19,040 19,101 19,055

Participation rate

61.1 60.7 60.8 61.2 61.5 61.3 61.0 61.2 61.0

Employed

16,501 16,975 17,117 16,492 16,957 17,050 17,071 17,122 17,129

Employment-population ratio

53.7 54.4 54.8 53.7 54.7 54.9 54.7 54.8 54.8

Unemployed

2,262 1,966 1,902 2,298 2,099 1,986 1,969 1,979 1,926

Unemployment rate

12.1 10.4 10.0 12.2 11.0 10.4 10.3 10.4 10.1

Not in labor force

11,956 12,281 12,237 11,929 11,949 12,003 12,148 12,122 12,202

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,531 8,628 8,714 8,511 8,594 8,717 8,676 8,710 8,711

Participation rate

67.3 66.6 67.2 67.1 66.9 67.8 67.1 67.3 67.2

Employed

7,471 7,685 7,810 7,500 7,630 7,756 7,757 7,805 7,841

Employment-population ratio

58.9 59.4 60.2 59.1 59.4 60.3 60.0 60.3 60.5

Unemployed

1,059 943 904 1,011 964 962 919 905 870

Unemployment rate

12.4 10.9 10.4 11.9 11.2 11.0 10.6 10.4 10.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,635 9,656 9,714 9,636 9,709 9,598 9,667 9,665 9,703

Participation rate

62.1 61.2 61.5 62.1 61.9 61.2 61.3 61.3 61.4

Employed

8,628 8,820 8,853 8,573 8,786 8,812 8,824 8,809 8,807

Employment-population ratio

55.6 55.9 56.0 55.3 56.1 56.2 56.0 55.8 55.8

Unemployed

1,006 835 862 1,062 922 785 843 857 895

Unemployment rate

10.4 8.7 8.9 11.0 9.5 8.2 8.7 8.9 9.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

598 658 591 644 754 722 697 726 642

Participation rate

23.7 26.4 23.7 25.5 30.2 29.0 27.9 29.1 25.7

Employed

401 471 455 419 541 482 490 508 481

Employment-population ratio

15.9 18.8 18.2 16.6 21.7 19.4 19.6 20.4 19.3

Unemployed

197 188 137 225 213 240 207 218 161

Unemployment rate

32.9 28.5 23.1 34.9 28.2 33.2 29.7 30.0 25.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

13,769 14,291 14,296 13,769 13,927 13,886 14,253 14,291 14,296

Civilian labor force

8,889 9,042 8,967 8,857 8,768 8,771 8,899 9,038 8,934

Participation rate

64.6 63.3 62.7 64.3 63.0 63.2 62.4 63.2 62.5

Employed

8,409 8,672 8,685 8,375 8,353 8,398 8,540 8,680 8,646

Employment-population ratio

61.1 60.7 60.7 60.8 60.0 60.5 59.9 60.7 60.5

Unemployed

480 369 282 482 415 373 359 358 288

Unemployment rate

5.4 4.1 3.1 5.4 4.7 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.2

Not in labor force

4,880 5,249 5,329 4,912 5,159 5,115 5,355 5,253 5,363

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

38,126 39,244 39,323 38,126 38,760 38,839 39,165 39,244 39,323

Civilian labor force

25,158 25,850 25,991 25,287 25,655 25,644 26,047 25,962 26,087

Participation rate

66.0 65.9 66.1 66.3 66.2 66.0 66.5 66.2 66.3

Employed

23,126 23,975 24,177 23,284 23,963 23,988 24,305 24,238 24,319

Employment-population ratio

60.7 61.1 61.5 61.1 61.8 61.8 62.1 61.8 61.8

Unemployed

2,031 1,875 1,814 2,003 1,692 1,656 1,742 1,724 1,768

Unemployment rate

8.1 7.3 7.0 7.9 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.6 6.8

Not in labor force

12,968 13,395 13,332 12,838 13,105 13,196 13,118 13,282 13,236

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

13,922 14,388 14,407 13,992 14,258 14,264 14,479 14,465 14,465

Participation rate

80.8 81.4 81.3 81.2 81.3 81.1 82.1 81.8 81.6

Employed

12,968 13,397 13,519 13,077 13,432 13,507 13,647 13,601 13,627

Employment-population ratio

75.2 75.8 76.3 75.9 76.5 76.8 77.3 76.9 76.9

Unemployed

954 991 888 915 826 757 832 864 837

Unemployment rate

6.9 6.9 6.2 6.5 5.8 5.3 5.7 6.0 5.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,200 10,333 10,453 10,200 10,253 10,168 10,344 10,309 10,435

Participation rate

59.2 57.8 58.4 59.2 58.5 57.9 58.0 57.7 58.3

Employed

9,342 9,667 9,748 9,363 9,590 9,501 9,704 9,685 9,755

Employment-population ratio

54.2 54.1 54.4 54.3 54.7 54.1 54.4 54.2 54.5

Unemployed

857 666 705 837 663 667 640 625 680

Unemployment rate

8.4 6.4 6.7 8.2 6.5 6.6 6.2 6.1 6.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,036 1,129 1,131 1,094 1,144 1,211 1,224 1,187 1,187

Participation rate

28.4 30.6 30.6 30.0 31.1 32.9 33.2 32.2 32.2

Employed

816 911 909 844 942 980 954 952 937

Employment-population ratio

22.3 24.7 24.6 23.1 25.6 26.6 25.9 25.8 25.4

Unemployed

220 218 222 250 202 231 270 235 250

Unemployment rate

21.3 19.3 19.6 22.9 17.7 19.1 22.1 19.8 21.1

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

11,150 10,867 11,113 11,138 11,153 11,031 11,439 11,126 11,089

Participation rate

45.7 45.2 45.2 45.6 45.7 45.4 46.0 46.3 45.1

Employed

10,011 9,842 10,067 10,087 10,201 10,079 10,468 10,196 10,134

Employment-population ratio

41.0 41.0 40.9 41.3 41.8 41.5 42.1 42.4 41.2

Unemployed

1,139 1,025 1,046 1,051 952 952 971 929 955

Unemployment rate

10.2 9.4 9.4 9.4 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.4 8.6

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,214 35,142 35,620 36,362 35,478 35,164 35,418 35,371 35,656

Participation rate

58.5 57.0 57.2 58.7 57.8 57.5 57.9 57.4 57.3

Employed

33,759 33,037 33,591 34,065 33,476 33,310 33,492 33,464 33,752

Employment-population ratio

54.5 53.6 53.9 55.0 54.5 54.5 54.8 54.3 54.2

Unemployed

2,455 2,106 2,029 2,298 2,002 1,854 1,926 1,907 1,904

Unemployment rate

6.8 6.0 5.7 6.3 5.6 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,065 37,457 37,411 37,229 37,246 37,140 37,479 37,490 37,558

Participation rate

67.0 66.7 67.3 67.2 66.7 66.9 67.2 66.8 67.6

Employed

34,812 35,441 35,568 35,044 35,422 35,310 35,540 35,588 35,755

Employment-population ratio

62.9 63.1 64.0 63.3 63.5 63.6 63.8 63.4 64.4

Unemployed

2,253 2,015 1,843 2,185 1,824 1,831 1,939 1,902 1,803

Unemployment rate

6.1 5.4 4.9 5.9 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.1 4.8

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

50,257 51,996 51,573 49,921 51,222 51,772 51,550 51,583 51,272

Participation rate

75.2 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.6 74.4 74.4 74.3

Employed

48,570 50,576 50,333 48,220 49,608 50,290 50,084 50,172 50,007

Employment-population ratio

72.7 72.9 73.0 72.2 72.3 72.5 72.3 72.3 72.5

Unemployed

1,687 1,421 1,240 1,700 1,614 1,482 1,466 1,411 1,265

Unemployment rate

3.4 2.7 2.4 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,266 21,300 19,021 19,307 2,245 1,993

Civilian labor force

10,872 10,869 9,457 9,610 1,415 1,259

Participation rate

51.1 51.0 49.7 49.8 63.0 63.2

Employed

10,221 10,334 8,863 9,147 1,359 1,187

Employment-population ratio

48.1 48.5 46.6 47.4 60.5 59.6

Unemployed

650 535 594 463 56 72

Unemployment rate

6.0 4.9 6.3 4.8 4.0 5.7

Not in labor force

10,394 10,431 9,564 9,697 830 734

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,069 3,431 2,491 2,863 578 568

Civilian labor force

2,510 2,826 2,125 2,423 385 402

Participation rate

81.8 82.4 85.3 84.6 66.6 70.8

Employed

2,338 2,642 1,973 2,267 365 375

Employment-population ratio

76.2 77.0 79.2 79.2 63.1 66.0

Unemployed

172 184 152 156 20 27

Unemployment rate

6.9 6.5 7.2 6.5 5.2 6.8

Not in labor force

559 605 365 440 193 166

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,354 3,540 2,643 2,954 711 586

Civilian labor force

2,752 2,859 2,227 2,429 525 431

Participation rate

82.1 80.8 84.2 82.2 73.9 73.5

Employed

2,611 2,760 2,115 2,348 496 411

Employment-population ratio

77.8 78.0 80.0 79.5 69.8 70.2

Unemployed

141 100 112 80 30 20

Unemployment rate

5.1 3.5 5.0 3.3 5.7 4.5

Not in labor force

602 681 416 525 185 155

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

9,514 9,023 9,157 8,702 357 321

Civilian labor force

2,826 2,438 2,732 2,352 94 86

Participation rate

29.7 27.0 29.8 27.0 26.3 26.8

Employed

2,666 2,319 2,572 2,239 94 80

Employment-population ratio

28.0 25.7 28.1 25.7 26.3 25.1

Unemployed

160 119 160 113 0 6

Unemployment rate

5.7 4.9 5.8 4.8 0.0 6.6

Not in labor force

6,688 6,585 6,425 6,350 263 235

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,329 5,306 4,730 4,788 599 518

Civilian labor force

2,783 2,746 2,373 2,406 410 340

Participation rate

52.2 51.8 50.2 50.3 68.5 65.6

Employed

2,607 2,613 2,202 2,293 404 321

Employment-population ratio

48.9 49.3 46.6 47.9 67.5 61.9

Unemployed

177 133 170 113 6 19

Unemployment rate

6.3 4.8 7.2 4.7 1.5 5.7

Not in labor force

2,546 2,560 2,357 2,382 189 178

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

217,078 220,025 95,852 96,988 121,226 123,037

Civilian labor force

142,994 143,700 72,298 72,780 70,696 70,920

Participation rate

65.9 65.3 75.4 75.0 58.3 57.6

Employed

133,460 135,856 67,234 68,461 66,226 67,395

Employment-population ratio

61.5 61.7 70.1 70.6 54.6 54.8

Unemployed

9,534 7,844 5,064 4,320 4,470 3,525

Unemployment rate

6.7 5.5 7.0 5.9 6.3 5.0

Not in labor force

74,085 76,325 23,554 24,208 50,531 52,117

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,863 29,919 218,395 220,161

Civilian labor force

5,634 5,917 149,994 150,401

Participation rate

19.5 19.8 68.7 68.3

Employed

4,819 5,222 140,271 142,413

Employment-population ratio

16.7 17.5 64.2 64.7

Unemployed

815 695 9,722 7,988

Unemployment rate

14.5 11.7 6.5 5.3

Not in labor force

23,229 24,002 68,401 69,760

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,502 2,674 75,591 75,765

Participation rate

33.1 34.2 82.1 82.0

Employed

2,095 2,306 70,336 71,365

Employment-population ratio

27.7 29.5 76.4 77.2

Unemployed

407 368 5,254 4,400

Unemployment rate

16.3 13.8 7.0 5.8

Not in labor force

5,058 5,140 16,475 16,647

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,170 2,312 67,103 66,766

Participation rate

27.7 28.1 70.5 69.9

Employed

1,827 2,053 62,928 63,434

Employment-population ratio

23.3 25.0 66.1 66.4

Unemployed

343 259 4,175 3,332

Unemployment rate

15.8 11.2 6.2 5.0

Not in labor force

5,661 5,909 28,137 28,777

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

962 931 7,300 7,870

Participation rate

7.1 6.7 23.5 24.4

Employed

897 864 7,007 7,614

Employment-population ratio

6.7 6.2 22.5 23.6

Unemployed

65 67 293 255

Unemployment rate

6.8 7.2 4.0 3.2

Not in labor force

12,510 12,953 23,789 24,337

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

38,557 40,198 18,640 19,460 19,917 20,738

Civilian labor force

25,474 26,328 14,792 15,321 10,682 11,006

Participation rate

66.1 65.5 79.4 78.7 53.6 53.1

Employed

23,811 24,937 13,964 14,539 9,848 10,398

Employment-population ratio

61.8 62.0 74.9 74.7 49.4 50.1

Unemployed

1,662 1,391 828 782 834 608

Unemployment rate

6.5 5.3 5.6 5.1 7.8 5.5

Not in labor force

13,083 13,870 3,848 4,139 9,235 9,731

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

208,701 209,882 100,754 101,278 107,947 108,604

Civilian labor force

130,154 129,990 67,794 67,907 62,360 62,083

Participation rate

62.4 61.9 67.3 67.1 57.8 57.2

Employed

121,279 122,698 62,754 63,736 58,525 58,962

Employment-population ratio

58.1 58.5 62.3 62.9 54.2 54.3

Unemployed

8,875 7,292 5,040 4,171 3,835 3,120

Unemployment rate

6.8 5.6 7.4 6.1 6.1 5.0

Not in labor force

78,547 79,892 32,960 33,371 45,587 46,522

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,008 2,234 2,405 2,155 2,392 2,358 2,419 2,430 2,559

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,265 1,397 1,490 1,386 1,621 1,506 1,566 1,572 1,628

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

727 808 881 744 749 815 835 833 893

Unpaid family workers

16 29 34 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

143,082 144,884 145,230 143,560 144,939 145,101 145,743 145,880 145,699

Wage and salary workers(1)

134,512 136,577 136,563 134,791 136,093 136,415 136,949 137,447 136,830

Government

20,862 20,893 20,729 20,415 19,956 19,956 20,330 20,582 20,246

Private industries

113,650 115,683 115,834 114,418 116,144 116,469 116,664 116,890 116,654

Private households

861 817 798 - - - - - -

Other industries

112,788 114,866 115,037 113,536 115,361 115,676 115,724 116,042 115,839

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,521 8,238 8,588 8,660 8,794 8,660 8,725 8,386 8,685

Unpaid family workers

49 69 79 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,455 6,772 6,672 7,449 6,851 6,790 6,810 6,635 6,705

Slack work or business conditions

4,397 4,011 4,027 4,477 4,068 4,061 4,012 3,847 4,069

Could only find part-time work

2,741 2,355 2,333 2,685 2,447 2,432 2,460 2,426 2,337

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,732 20,437 20,159 19,275 19,971 19,730 19,822 19,837 19,733

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

7,321 6,669 6,569 7,335 6,731 6,699 6,690 6,539 6,620

Slack work or business conditions

4,325 3,941 3,966 4,426 3,997 3,983 3,951 3,791 4,028

Could only find part-time work

2,713 2,345 2,320 2,659 2,412 2,411 2,432 2,415 2,302

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,424 20,079 19,786 18,925 19,594 19,416 19,446 19,505 19,374

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

145,090 147,118 147,635 145,796 147,331 147,442 148,201 148,297 148,331

16 to 19 years

4,209 4,389 4,491 4,504 4,762 4,784 4,722 4,808 4,804

16 to 17 years

1,409 1,433 1,445 1,570 1,663 1,678 1,651 1,637 1,615

18 to 19 years

2,800 2,956 3,046 2,940 3,065 3,090 3,058 3,186 3,189

20 years and over

140,881 142,729 143,144 141,293 142,569 142,658 143,480 143,489 143,527

20 to 24 years

13,729 13,833 13,584 13,940 13,939 13,847 14,011 14,114 13,823

25 years and over

127,152 128,896 129,560 127,274 128,673 128,860 129,435 129,349 129,614

25 to 54 years

95,100 96,086 96,300 95,357 95,856 95,975 96,464 96,565 96,501

25 to 34 years

31,697 32,559 32,563 31,853 32,271 32,354 32,574 32,682 32,693

35 to 44 years

30,940 30,909 31,103 30,953 31,018 31,021 31,157 31,071 31,095

45 to 54 years

32,463 32,618 32,634 32,551 32,567 32,600 32,734 32,812 32,713

55 years and over

32,052 32,810 33,260 31,917 32,817 32,885 32,971 32,784 33,113

Men, 16 years and over

76,718 77,824 78,275 77,474 78,084 78,400 78,869 79,006 79,014

16 to 19 years

2,007 2,153 2,153 2,190 2,409 2,374 2,372 2,418 2,361

16 to 17 years

621 666 668 696 847 828 802 791 762

18 to 19 years

1,385 1,487 1,485 1,485 1,552 1,531 1,560 1,636 1,584

20 years and over

74,711 75,671 76,122 75,284 75,675 76,026 76,496 76,588 76,653

20 to 24 years

7,099 7,102 6,932 7,249 7,114 7,167 7,198 7,324 7,088

25 years and over

67,612 68,569 69,190 68,001 68,593 68,890 69,248 69,190 69,506

25 to 54 years

50,730 51,312 51,615 51,128 51,282 51,448 51,809 51,860 51,948

25 to 34 years

17,144 17,560 17,639 17,345 17,336 17,534 17,722 17,743 17,804

35 to 44 years

16,619 16,595 16,746 16,714 16,784 16,748 16,807 16,760 16,824

45 to 54 years

16,967 17,157 17,230 17,069 17,162 17,166 17,281 17,357 17,321

55 years and over

16,882 17,256 17,575 16,872 17,311 17,441 17,439 17,330 17,557

Women, 16 years and over

68,373 69,294 69,360 68,322 69,247 69,042 69,332 69,291 69,317

16 to 19 years

2,203 2,236 2,339 2,313 2,353 2,410 2,349 2,389 2,442

16 to 17 years

788 767 778 874 816 850 849 846 853

18 to 19 years

1,415 1,470 1,561 1,455 1,513 1,559 1,499 1,550 1,605

20 years and over

66,170 67,058 67,022 66,009 66,894 66,632 66,983 66,901 66,874

20 to 24 years

6,630 6,731 6,652 6,692 6,825 6,680 6,813 6,790 6,735

25 years and over

59,540 60,328 60,370 59,274 60,080 59,970 60,187 60,159 60,108

25 to 54 years

44,370 44,774 44,685 44,229 44,574 44,527 44,655 44,705 44,552

25 to 34 years

14,553 14,999 14,924 14,508 14,935 14,820 14,852 14,939 14,889

35 to 44 years

14,321 14,314 14,356 14,238 14,234 14,273 14,350 14,311 14,271

45 to 54 years

15,496 15,461 15,404 15,482 15,406 15,434 15,453 15,456 15,392

55 years and over

15,170 15,553 15,685 15,045 15,506 15,443 15,532 15,453 15,556

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

44,183 44,575 45,103 44,439 44,267 44,588 44,934 44,951 45,304

Married women, spouse present

34,838 35,146 35,232 34,780 34,799 34,645 34,843 34,910 35,106

Women who maintain families

9,344 9,137 9,443 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

116,985 119,313 119,981 118,062 119,507 119,934 120,711 120,834 121,024

Part-time workers(2)

28,106 27,805 27,655 27,665 27,775 27,506 27,546 27,471 27,301

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,143 7,221 7,264 7,021 7,403 7,285 7,485 7,059 7,158

Percent of total employed

4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,462 5,425 5,514 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,249 9,047 9,469 9,403 9,543 9,475 9,560 9,220 9,579

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

10,384 8,705 8,575 6.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.5

16 to 19 years

1,189 993 1,021 20.9 17.5 16.8 18.8 17.1 17.5

16 to 17 years

401 374 356 20.4 17.8 18.8 19.9 18.6 18.1

18 to 19 years

769 625 659 20.7 17.6 15.4 18.2 16.4 17.1

20 years and over

9,195 7,712 7,554 6.1 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.0

20 to 24 years

1,932 1,563 1,599 12.2 10.9 10.8 9.8 10.0 10.4

25 years and over

7,239 6,124 5,932 5.4 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.4

25 to 54 years

5,632 4,634 4,559 5.6 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.5

25 to 34 years

2,312 1,869 1,955 6.8 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.4 5.6

35 to 44 years

1,663 1,452 1,346 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.1

45 to 54 years

1,657 1,312 1,259 4.8 4.1 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.7

55 years and over

1,577 1,479 1,356 4.7 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.3 3.9

Men, 16 years and over

5,531 4,766 4,680 6.7 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.7 5.6

16 to 19 years

690 523 581 24.0 17.8 19.2 20.0 17.8 19.8

16 to 17 years

238 188 196 25.5 20.1 20.0 20.8 19.2 20.5

18 to 19 years

445 343 387 23.0 16.6 18.2 19.4 17.3 19.6

20 years and over

4,841 4,243 4,099 6.0 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1

20 to 24 years

1,094 891 893 13.1 11.8 11.6 11.5 10.9 11.2

25 years and over

3,734 3,321 3,184 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.4

25 to 54 years

2,894 2,494 2,432 5.4 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.5

25 to 34 years

1,172 1,045 1,053 6.3 6.0 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.6

35 to 44 years

862 753 720 4.9 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.1

45 to 54 years

860 696 660 4.8 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.7

55 years and over

840 827 752 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.1 4.6 4.1

Women, 16 years and over

4,853 3,939 3,894 6.6 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.3

16 to 19 years

499 470 439 17.7 17.2 14.2 17.6 16.4 15.2

16 to 17 years

164 186 160 15.8 15.2 17.6 19.0 18.0 15.8

18 to 19 years

324 282 272 18.2 18.6 12.4 16.9 15.4 14.5

20 years and over

4,354 3,469 3,455 6.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.9

20 to 24 years

838 671 706 11.1 10.0 9.9 7.9 9.0 9.5

25 years and over

3,504 2,803 2,747 5.6 4.7 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.4

25 to 54 years

2,738 2,140 2,127 5.8 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.6 4.6

25 to 34 years

1,140 824 902 7.3 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.2 5.7

35 to 44 years

801 699 626 5.3 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.2

45 to 54 years

797 617 599 4.9 4.0 3.9 4.4 3.8 3.7

55 years and over

729 644 604 4.6 4.2 3.7 4.1 4.0 3.7

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

1,688 1,405 1,309 3.7 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.8

Married women, spouse present

1,524 1,167 1,107 4.2 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1

Women who maintain families(1)

923 760 830 9.0 8.2 7.8 8.1 7.7 8.1

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

8,794 7,275 7,159 6.9 6.0 5.7 5.9 5.7 5.6

Part-time workers(3)

1,580 1,405 1,418 5.4 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.9

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

5,779 4,721 4,503 5,416 4,480 4,325 4,242 4,180 4,189

On temporary layoff

1,236 1,349 1,199 1,046 1,070 959 902 1,021 999

Not on temporary layoff

4,543 3,372 3,304 4,370 3,410 3,366 3,339 3,158 3,190

Permanent job losers

3,370 2,316 2,298 3,237 2,446 2,388 2,371 2,212 2,223

Persons who completed temporary jobs

1,174 1,056 1,006 1,132 964 977 968 946 967

Job leavers

780 894 853 807 835 798 851 884 875

Reentrants

2,929 2,635 2,597 3,027 2,761 2,701 2,829 2,655 2,689

New entrants

1,049 845 729 1,157 1,045 971 1,033 972 815

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

54.8 51.9 51.9 52.0 49.1 49.2 47.4 48.1 48.9

On temporary layoff

11.7 14.8 13.8 10.1 11.7 10.9 10.1 11.7 11.7

Not on temporary layoff

43.1 37.1 38.0 42.0 37.4 38.3 37.3 36.3 37.2

Job leavers

7.4 9.8 9.8 7.8 9.2 9.1 9.5 10.2 10.2

Reentrants

27.8 29.0 29.9 29.1 30.3 30.7 31.6 30.5 31.4

New entrants

10.0 9.3 8.4 11.1 11.5 11.0 11.5 11.2 9.5

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3.7 3.0 2.9 3.5 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

Job leavers

0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Reentrants

1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7

New entrants

0.7 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,064 2,185 2,108 2,477 2,505 2,375 2,383 2,431 2,488

5 to 14 weeks

2,766 2,662 2,511 2,584 2,378 2,293 2,318 2,223 2,312

15 weeks and over

5,708 4,248 4,064 5,352 4,225 4,059 4,180 4,044 3,816

15 to 26 weeks

1,913 1,485 1,428 1,669 1,403 1,274 1,380 1,335 1,253

27 weeks and over

3,795 2,763 2,635 3,682 2,822 2,785 2,800 2,709 2,563

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

36.2 31.1 31.3 35.2 33.0 32.8 32.3 31.7 30.7

Median duration, in weeks

17.3 13.1 13.2 15.9 12.8 12.6 13.4 13.1 12.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

19.6 24.0 24.3 23.8 27.5 27.2 26.8 27.9 28.9

5 to 14 weeks

26.2 29.3 28.9 24.8 26.1 26.3 26.1 25.6 26.8

15 weeks and over

54.2 46.7 46.8 51.4 46.4 46.5 47.1 46.5 44.3

15 to 26 weeks

18.2 16.3 16.5 16.0 15.4 14.6 15.5 15.4 14.5

27 weeks and over

36.0 30.4 30.4 35.4 31.0 31.9 31.5 31.1 29.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015

Total, 16 years and over(1)

145,090 147,635 10,537 8,682 6.8 5.6

Management, professional, and related occupations

56,036 57,805 1,890 1,398 3.3 2.4

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

23,020 23,955 827 638 3.5 2.6

Professional and related occupations

33,016 33,850 1,063 760 3.1 2.2

Service occupations

25,294 25,010 2,190 1,782 8.0 6.6

Sales and office occupations

33,745 33,927 2,343 2,000 6.5 5.6

Sales and related occupations

15,901 15,949 1,163 976 6.8 5.8

Office and administrative support occupations

17,844 17,977 1,180 1,024 6.2 5.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

13,005 13,437 1,438 1,366 10.0 9.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

910 999 210 186 18.7 15.7

Construction and extraction occupations

7,370 7,439 981 922 11.8 11.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,726 5,000 247 259 5.0 4.9

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,010 17,456 1,601 1,372 8.6 7.3

Production occupations

8,135 8,631 698 593 7.9 6.4

Transportation and material moving occupations

8,874 8,825 903 779 9.2 8.1

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015

Total, 16 years and over(1)

10,537 8,682 6.8 5.6

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

8,110 6,736 6.7 5.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

60 84 5.3 8.0

Construction

950 831 11.3 9.5

Manufacturing

826 734 5.4 4.8

Durable goods

471 469 4.9 4.8

Nondurable goods

355 265 6.2 4.7

Wholesale and retail trade

1,414 1,252 6.8 6.0

Transportation and utilities

424 263 6.8 4.3

Information

161 84 5.1 3.0

Financial activities

403 248 4.2 2.6

Professional and business services

1,273 1,019 8.1 6.5

Education and health services

900 742 4.0 3.3

Leisure and hospitality

1,312 1,135 10.2 8.6

Other services

386 344 6.2 5.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

213 251 14.9 14.9

Government workers

681 509 3.2 2.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

485 456 4.9 4.5

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2014
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Nov.
2014
Dec.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.7 2.7 2.6 3.4 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.4

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.7 3.0 2.9 3.5 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

6.8 5.8 5.6 6.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

7.2 6.3 6.0 7.1 6.2 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

8.1 7.1 6.8 7.9 7.1 6.9 7.0 6.8 6.7

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

12.8 11.4 11.0 12.6 11.4 11.2 11.3 11.0 10.9

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2014
Mar.
2015

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

91,630 93,762 36,809 37,509 54,822 56,253

Persons who currently want a job

5,891 6,065 2,841 2,911 3,050 3,154

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,168 2,055 1,145 1,083 1,024 972

Discouraged workers(2)

698 738 430 485 269 254

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,470 1,317 715 599 755 718

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,143 7,264 3,445 3,580 3,698 3,684

Percent of total employed

4.9 4.9 4.5 4.6 5.4 5.3

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,717 3,872 2,012 2,132 1,705 1,741

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,977 1,988 646 702 1,330 1,287

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

281 244 173 154 107 90

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,118 1,120 591 571 527 549

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Change from:
Feb.2015 - Mar.2015(p)

Total nonfarm

137,214 138,671 139,503 140,326 138,055 140,793 141,057 141,183 126

Total private

114,989 116,899 117,315 118,035 116,229 118,892 119,156 119,285 129

Goods-producing

18,675 19,025 19,035 19,151 19,073 19,540 19,560 19,547 -13

Mining and logging

868 893 878 870 880 906 895 884 -11

Logging

50.0 52.9 52.4 52.1 52.4 53.5 54.2 54.4 0.2

Mining

817.6 840.0 825.6 817.6 827.7 852.2 841.1 830.0 -11.1

Oil and gas extraction

192.7 199.2 196.8 196.8 193.7 199.4 198.0 198.3 0.3

Mining, except oil and gas(1)

201.0 197.9 196.7 197.6 207.4 206.4 205.3 204.0 -1.3

Coal mining

73.6 70.9 70.6 70.5 73.7 71.5 71.1 70.8 -0.3

Support activities for mining

423.9 442.9 432.1 423.2 426.6 446.4 437.8 427.7 -10.1

Construction

5,746 5,920 5,929 6,025 6,062 6,316 6,345 6,344 -1

Construction of buildings

1,283.4 1,348.6 1,343.1 1,362.2 1,336.3 1,405.0 1,410.6 1,414.9 4.3

Residential building

615.2 658.7 651.7 661.3 644.8 688.7 687.8 691.5 3.7

Nonresidential building

668.2 689.9 691.4 700.9 691.5 716.3 722.8 723.4 0.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction

823.9 833.4 833.9 853.7 904.3 938.8 937.6 933.7 -3.9

Specialty trade contractors

3,638.2 3,737.7 3,751.5 3,809.1 3,821.8 3,971.8 3,997.2 3,995.1 -2.1

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,549.4 1,613.6 1,620.5 1,639.3 1,636.7 1,720.6 1,732.8 1,726.3 -6.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,088.8 2,124.1 2,131.0 2,169.8 2,185.1 2,251.2 2,264.4 2,268.8 4.4

Manufacturing

12,061 12,212 12,228 12,256 12,131 12,318 12,320 12,319 -1

Durable goods

7,600 7,741 7,755 7,774 7,628 7,794 7,799 7,799 0

Wood products

361.9 373.5 373.1 373.1 367.4 380.0 378.7 378.6 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral products

369.1 382.4 381.6 388.5 379.2 396.8 397.7 398.5 0.8

Primary metals

396.3 407.5 405.5 406.7 396.8 407.5 406.9 406.8 -0.1

Fabricated metal products

1,438.5 1,465.0 1,467.9 1,469.7 1,445.3 1,474.7 1,475.9 1,475.1 -0.8

Machinery

1,116.1 1,141.0 1,141.6 1,140.2 1,116.3 1,144.0 1,143.1 1,141.0 -2.1

Computer and electronic products(1)

1,048.3 1,052.9 1,054.7 1,055.0 1,050.7 1,056.4 1,058.3 1,057.1 -1.2

Computer and peripheral equipment

158.2 167.7 167.9 167.4 159.5 167.9 168.6 168.7 0.1

Communications equipment

95.3 90.2 90.2 90.1 95.3 90.3 90.5 90.2 -0.3

Semiconductors and electronic components

368.0 369.6 370.5 370.1 368.3 370.8 371.0 370.5 -0.5

Electronic instruments

389.6 387.5 389.3 390.2 390.2 389.4 390.9 390.3 -0.6

Electrical equipment and appliances

375.3 371.3 372.1 370.5 376.6 371.9 372.4 371.5 -0.9

Transportation equipment(1)

1,547.4 1,586.4 1,595.3 1,600.4 1,543.7 1,592.9 1,594.8 1,595.3 0.5

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

865.6 903.3 907.1 912.1 860.5 906.3 907.3 907.9 0.6

Furniture and related products

366.0 379.3 380.0 383.6 368.0 384.2 385.2 386.2 1.0

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

581.0 581.9 583.0 586.2 584.3 585.4 586.3 589.1 2.8

Nondurable goods

4,461 4,471 4,473 4,482 4,503 4,524 4,521 4,520 -1

Food manufacturing

1,460.8 1,464.9 1,468.0 1,471.8 1,487.3 1,493.3 1,494.3 1,494.8 0.5

Textile mills

117.2 117.6 118.5 118.4 117.3 119.3 118.9 118.5 -0.4

Textile product mills

113.2 112.8 113.0 113.1 114.0 114.4 114.4 113.9 -0.5

Apparel

142.6 139.0 138.4 137.3 142.5 139.0 137.8 137.6 -0.2

Paper and paper products

372.1 365.7 364.8 365.3 373.9 366.9 366.7 366.9 0.2

Printing and related support activities

452.7 444.8 445.7 447.0 454.0 447.3 448.0 448.1 0.1

Petroleum and coal products

107.5 107.6 102.5 101.9 110.1 111.6 106.0 104.5 -1.5

Chemicals

797.9 806.1 808.6 809.7 798.3 808.6 810.4 810.1 -0.3

Plastics and rubber products

668.6 679.9 681.6 684.2 670.1 684.2 685.0 685.2 0.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

228.3 232.7 232.0 233.5 235.2 239.7 239.6 240.3 0.7

Private service-providing

96,314 97,874 98,280 98,884 97,156 99,352 99,596 99,738 142

Trade, transportation, and utilities

25,852 26,546 26,349 26,451 26,190 26,704 26,756 26,797 41

Wholesale trade

5,758.3 5,837.2 5,850.8 5,869.1 5,793.0 5,887.8 5,897.4 5,903.2 5.8

Durable goods

2,883.8 2,922.6 2,928.9 2,933.9 2,895.8 2,938.7 2,944.1 2,944.8 0.7

Nondurable goods

1,989.0 2,009.9 2,017.4 2,027.3 2,007.2 2,036.1 2,041.5 2,045.2 3.7

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

885.5 904.7 904.5 907.9 890.0 913.0 911.8 913.2 1.4

Retail trade

15,009.5 15,434.1 15,264.1 15,330.7 15,264.8 15,532.7 15,565.0 15,590.9 25.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)

1,826.3 1,874.0 1,884.6 1,895.7 1,840.8 1,901.5 1,907.9 1,909.0 1.1

Automobile dealers

1,163.7 1,200.8 1,205.0 1,209.9 1,170.0 1,211.6 1,213.6 1,216.0 2.4

Furniture and home furnishings stores

444.0 462.6 459.9 456.1 450.2 459.6 464.5 462.7 -1.8

Electronics and appliance stores

483.2 515.0 494.3 494.5 491.0 496.8 498.0 501.4 3.4

Building material and garden supply stores

1,210.5 1,185.9 1,205.5 1,244.3 1,223.8 1,250.8 1,255.4 1,257.4 2.0

Food and beverage stores

2,943.8 3,011.3 2,995.4 2,991.1 2,977.6 3,025.0 3,027.0 3,027.4 0.4

Health and personal care stores

1,010.3 1,031.0 1,024.9 1,021.8 1,018.1 1,028.4 1,028.9 1,029.7 0.8

Gasoline stations

863.4 881.3 879.7 883.9 877.2 893.2 895.7 897.4 1.7

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,320.5 1,378.9 1,327.4 1,327.0 1,375.1 1,372.2 1,378.7 1,380.2 1.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

591.9 614.2 594.9 592.8 611.3 614.5 613.6 613.8 0.2

General merchandise stores(1)

3,043.7 3,157.3 3,077.5 3,109.7 3,093.4 3,146.7 3,150.2 3,161.1 10.9

Department stores

1,312.8 1,365.7 1,307.9 1,304.9 1,350.8 1,343.7 1,342.6 1,344.2 1.6

Miscellaneous store retailers

791.3 802.9 804.2 797.4 813.9 822.9 819.8 822.0 2.2

Nonstore retailers

480.6 519.7 515.8 516.4 492.4 521.1 525.3 528.8 3.5

Transportation and warehousing

4,534.5 4,718.2 4,678.8 4,694.5 4,581.0 4,725.4 4,735.1 4,744.6 9.5

Air transportation

440.2 441.2 441.2 444.8 440.8 444.2 444.9 445.6 0.7

Rail transportation

230.3 242.3 243.3 244.7 231.1 243.0 244.5 245.1 0.6

Water transportation

64.9 65.0 64.7 64.8 66.6 66.9 66.5 66.6 0.1

Truck transportation

1,374.3 1,413.0 1,414.6 1,414.3 1,399.5 1,441.6 1,445.6 1,438.8 -6.8

Transit and ground passenger transportation

476.9 485.4 482.1 485.6 463.9 472.6 469.4 472.9 3.5

Pipeline transportation

46.5 47.3 47.9 48.1 46.6 47.4 47.9 48.2 0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

24.5 23.9 24.4 24.8 30.1 31.0 31.0 30.5 -0.5

Support activities for transportation

613.7 629.4 631.1 640.1 617.1 632.5 635.2 643.6 8.4

Couriers and messengers

539.2 628.4 582.4 579.4 553.7 596.8 595.1 598.5 3.4

Warehousing and storage

724.0 742.3 747.1 747.9 731.6 749.4 755.0 754.8 -0.2

Utilities

549.7 556.9 555.7 556.3 551.3 558.0 558.1 558.0 -0.1

Information

2,719 2,739 2,770 2,777 2,723 2,773 2,780 2,782 2

Publishing industries, except Internet

723.7 718.1 717.4 717.7 726.2 721.1 720.5 720.0 -0.5

Motion picture and sound recording industries

380.1 351.5 382.0 382.0 379.4 379.9 385.4 381.1 -4.3

Broadcasting, except Internet

281.5 286.7 287.3 289.9 282.3 288.1 288.7 290.4 1.7

Telecommunications

849.4 860.6 862.1 862.8 849.4 861.2 862.0 863.4 1.4

Data processing, hosting and related services

274.4 289.5 290.5 292.5 274.9 290.4 291.8 293.3 1.5

Other information services

209.6 232.9 230.7 231.6 211.2 232.5 231.9 233.3 1.4

Financial activities

7,889 8,016 8,024 8,040 7,933 8,068 8,075 8,083 8

Finance and insurance

5,894.9 5,987.1 5,989.2 5,996.2 5,905.9 5,995.7 5,999.3 6,005.8 6.5

Monetary authorities - central bank

18.2 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.5 18.5 18.5 0.0

Credit intermediation and related
activities(1)

2,562.8 2,567.0 2,563.2 2,562.0 2,569.0 2,568.5 2,567.3 2,567.6 0.3

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,712.6 1,701.7 1,696.8 1,695.0 1,715.5 1,700.1 1,698.5 1,697.4 -1.1

Commercial banking

1,301.2 1,285.8 1,281.6 1,278.5 1,302.6 1,283.5 1,281.4 1,279.4 -2.0

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

874.2 889.0 891.5 892.2 875.2 891.9 892.9 893.2 0.3

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,439.7 2,512.7 2,516.1 2,523.6 2,443.3 2,516.8 2,520.6 2,526.5 5.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

1,994.2 2,028.6 2,034.5 2,043.5 2,027.4 2,072.4 2,076.0 2,077.4 1.4

Real estate

1,459.4 1,479.5 1,482.9 1,488.8 1,479.6 1,504.4 1,506.5 1,508.9 2.4

Rental and leasing services

511.3 526.2 528.7 531.7 524.1 544.7 546.2 545.3 -0.9

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

23.5 22.9 22.9 23.0 23.7 23.3 23.3 23.2 -0.1

Professional and business services

18,685 19,124 19,230 19,344 18,879 19,459 19,501 19,541 40

Professional and technical services(1)

8,310.3 8,512.9 8,601.9 8,618.4 8,254.2 8,508.2 8,538.0 8,561.7 23.7

Legal services

1,118.0 1,109.9 1,114.4 1,116.1 1,121.7 1,118.0 1,120.6 1,119.4 -1.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,058.0 1,060.1 1,118.3 1,113.6 943.5 983.8 990.9 997.4 6.5

Architectural and engineering services

1,344.1 1,391.2 1,389.4 1,395.0 1,362.9 1,407.8 1,410.5 1,414.7 4.2

Computer systems design and related services

1,742.1 1,818.8 1,826.2 1,821.6 1,753.2 1,822.7 1,829.5 1,833.4 3.9

Management and technical consulting services

1,208.2 1,266.7 1,280.5 1,283.6 1,219.5 1,283.7 1,291.6 1,295.4 3.8

Management of companies and enterprises

2,146.5 2,183.8 2,183.5 2,195.6 2,154.4 2,191.1 2,196.1 2,202.7 6.6

Administrative and waste services

8,228.0 8,427.1 8,445.0 8,529.5 8,470.6 8,760.1 8,766.8 8,776.1 9.3

Administrative and support services(1)

7,852.1 8,044.5 8,061.6 8,145.6 8,086.7 8,371.0 8,375.0 8,384.6 9.6

Employment services(1)

3,251.7 3,378.0 3,378.6 3,427.4 3,353.1 3,524.7 3,517.5 3,533.4 15.9

Temporary help services

2,626.0 2,731.5 2,728.5 2,768.7 2,715.6 2,855.5 2,848.0 2,859.4 11.4

Business support services

873.8 907.0 912.6 909.4 876.0 904.4 909.2 910.7 1.5

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,803.9 1,798.7 1,802.2 1,829.0 1,925.9 1,960.2 1,960.7 1,951.5 -9.2

Waste management and remediation services

375.9 382.6 383.4 383.9 383.9 389.1 391.8 391.5 -0.3

Education and health services

21,465 21,629 21,917 22,011 21,314 21,760 21,817 21,855 38

Educational services

3,555.4 3,340.2 3,595.0 3,624.0 3,397.1 3,432.4 3,455.7 3,463.3 7.6

Health care and social assistance

17,909.8 18,288.7 18,321.8 18,386.6 17,916.9 18,327.5 18,361.5 18,391.5 30.0

Health care(3)

14,563.0 14,863.9 14,885.7 14,928.3 14,589.5 14,902.7 14,930.0 14,952.3 22.3

Ambulatory health care services(1)

6,556.1 6,766.8 6,783.7 6,810.6 6,572.6 6,785.5 6,806.1 6,825.3 19.2

Offices of physicians

2,448.7 2,513.5 2,518.9 2,527.7 2,453.1 2,515.6 2,523.7 2,529.8 6.1

Outpatient care centers

698.5 727.4 728.2 731.8 699.0 728.6 729.0 732.3 3.3

Home health care services

1,240.0 1,284.5 1,287.0 1,296.7 1,244.8 1,291.8 1,296.4 1,302.4 6.0

Hospitals

4,767.3 4,820.5 4,831.5 4,846.3 4,769.0 4,828.5 4,838.3 4,846.2 7.9

Nursing and residential care facilities(1)

3,239.6 3,276.6 3,270.5 3,271.4 3,247.9 3,288.7 3,285.6 3,280.8 -4.8

Nursing care facilities

1,644.3 1,650.3 1,645.8 1,643.7 1,648.7 1,656.9 1,654.3 1,648.3 -6.0

Social assistance(1)

3,346.8 3,424.8 3,436.1 3,458.3 3,327.4 3,424.8 3,431.5 3,439.2 7.7

Child day care services

866.4 870.8 876.6 885.9 846.2 862.6 863.1 865.2 2.1

Leisure and hospitality

14,181 14,271 14,417 14,664 14,565 14,972 15,042 15,055 13

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,927.5 1,891.1 1,916.8 1,981.2 2,076.5 2,126.8 2,130.4 2,136.2 5.8

Performing arts and spectator sports

421.0 405.6 419.0 443.3 437.3 454.1 454.8 461.0 6.2

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

138.0 133.5 133.2 137.4 145.0 145.4 144.4 144.6 0.2

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,368.5 1,352.0 1,364.6 1,400.5 1,494.2 1,527.3 1,531.2 1,530.6 -0.6

Accommodation and food services

12,253.4 12,380.0 12,500.1 12,682.9 12,488.0 12,845.4 12,911.4 12,918.3 6.9

Accommodation

1,819.2 1,803.4 1,816.0 1,835.5 1,885.9 1,902.5 1,902.9 1,901.1 -1.8

Food services and drinking places

10,434.2 10,576.6 10,684.1 10,847.4 10,602.1 10,942.9 11,008.5 11,017.2 8.7

Other services

5,523 5,549 5,573 5,597 5,552 5,616 5,625 5,625 0

Repair and maintenance

1,232.3 1,243.9 1,255.5 1,264.6 1,236.0 1,258.7 1,265.4 1,266.9 1.5

Personal and laundry services

1,351.9 1,364.7 1,361.8 1,372.2 1,359.6 1,382.5 1,379.5 1,380.6 1.1

Membership associations and organizations

2,938.6 2,940.1 2,955.7 2,960.0 2,956.4 2,974.6 2,979.7 2,977.5 -2.2

Government

22,225 21,772 22,188 22,291 21,826 21,901 21,901 21,898 -3

Federal

2,716.0 2,716.0 2,714.0 2,718.0 2,727.0 2,728.0 2,729.0 2,727.0 -2.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,127.5 2,123.1 2,121.1 2,125.2 2,136.3 2,136.7 2,133.8 2,132.4 -1.4

U.S. Postal Service

588.2 592.6 593.2 592.8 590.2 591.4 595.2 594.7 -0.5

State government

5,211.0 4,991.0 5,205.0 5,230.0 5,057.0 5,081.0 5,079.0 5,075.0 -4.0

State government education

2,565.4 2,356.8 2,571.3 2,593.7 2,405.6 2,434.5 2,434.1 2,432.4 -1.7

State government, excluding education

2,645.1 2,634.4 2,633.7 2,635.8 2,651.2 2,646.4 2,644.4 2,642.8 -1.6

Local government

14,298.0 14,065.0 14,269.0 14,343.0 14,042.0 14,092.0 14,093.0 14,096.0 3.0

Local government education

8,129.0 7,902.6 8,099.5 8,149.5 7,769.0 7,797.2 7,797.0 7,796.7 -0.3

Local government, excluding education

6,169.3 6,162.1 6,169.5 6,193.0 6,272.5 6,294.3 6,295.8 6,298.8 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.5 34.6 34.6 34.5

Goods-producing

40.6 40.5 40.7 40.5

Mining and logging

45.7 44.6 44.6 44.5

Construction

39.1 39.0 39.5 39.1

Manufacturing

41.1 41.0 41.0 40.9

Durable goods

41.5 41.5 41.4 41.3

Nondurable goods

40.3 40.2 40.4 40.3

Private service-providing

33.3 33.4 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.4 34.6 34.6 34.6

Wholesale trade

38.9 38.9 38.9 38.8

Retail trade

31.2 31.4 31.4 31.4

Transportation and warehousing

38.6 38.8 38.9 38.7

Utilities

42.4 42.3 42.5 43.4

Information

36.9 36.5 36.5 36.5

Financial activities

37.3 37.4 37.5 37.6

Professional and business services

36.3 36.2 36.2 36.2

Education and health services

32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality

26.2 26.3 26.4 26.2

Other services

31.8 31.8 31.8 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4

Durable goods

3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4

Nondurable goods

3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)

Total private

$24.34 $24.76 $24.79 $24.86 $839.73 $856.70 $857.73 $857.67

Goods-producing

25.58 25.90 25.91 26.05 1,038.55 1,048.95 1,054.54 1,055.03

Mining and logging

30.74 30.71 30.88 31.03 1,404.82 1,369.67 1,377.25 1,380.84

Construction

26.49 27.01 26.94 27.23 1,035.76 1,053.39 1,064.13 1,064.69

Manufacturing

24.73 24.97 25.01 25.08 1,016.40 1,023.77 1,025.41 1,025.77

Durable goods

26.13 26.29 26.35 26.39 1,084.40 1,091.04 1,090.89 1,089.91

Nondurable goods

22.30 22.64 22.63 22.74 898.69 910.13 914.25 916.42

Private service-providing

24.04 24.48 24.53 24.58 800.53 817.63 819.30 820.97

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21.32 21.62 21.66 21.65 733.41 748.05 749.44 749.09

Wholesale trade

28.00 28.31 28.34 28.35 1,089.20 1,101.26 1,102.43 1,099.98

Retail trade

16.89 17.32 17.32 17.28 526.97 543.85 543.85 542.59

Transportation and warehousing

22.84 22.84 22.93 22.91 881.62 886.19 891.98 886.62

Utilities

35.62 36.12 36.65 36.98 1,510.29 1,527.88 1,557.63 1,604.93

Information

33.70 34.44 34.52 34.64 1,243.53 1,257.06 1,259.98 1,264.36

Financial activities

30.62 31.16 31.24 31.31 1,142.13 1,165.38 1,171.50 1,177.26

Professional and business services

29.09 29.75 29.80 29.92 1,055.97 1,076.95 1,078.76 1,083.10

Education and health services

24.61 25.01 25.05 25.08 804.75 820.33 821.64 822.62

Leisure and hospitality

13.74 14.16 14.24 14.23 359.99 372.41 375.94 372.83

Other services

21.77 22.24 22.27 22.28 692.29 707.23 708.19 706.28

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2015 - Mar.
2015(p)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2015 - Mar.
2015(p)

Total private

100.2 102.8 103.1 102.9 -0.2 116.4 121.5 121.9 122.1 0.2

Goods-producing

88.2 90.2 90.7 90.2 -0.6 102.0 105.5 106.2 106.2 0.0

Mining and logging

126.4 127.0 125.4 123.6 -1.4 156.0 156.6 155.5 154.0 -1.0

Construction

81.7 84.9 86.4 85.5 -1.0 94.0 99.6 101.1 101.2 0.1

Manufacturing

89.7 90.9 90.9 90.6 -0.3 103.2 105.5 105.7 105.7 0.0

Durable goods

89.1 91.1 90.9 90.7 -0.2 103.4 106.3 106.4 106.3 -0.1

Nondurable goods

90.6 90.8 91.1 90.9 -0.2 102.5 104.3 104.7 104.9 0.2

Private service-providing

103.5 106.2 106.5 106.6 0.1 120.7 126.0 126.6 127.1 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

98.0 100.5 100.7 100.8 0.1 112.4 116.9 117.4 117.5 0.1

Wholesale trade

98.3 99.9 100.1 99.9 -0.2 114.9 118.1 118.4 118.2 -0.2

Retail trade

96.7 99.1 99.3 99.4 0.1 108.0 113.4 113.7 113.6 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing

101.2 104.9 105.4 105.1 -0.3 117.3 121.6 122.7 122.2 -0.4

Utilities

101.1 102.1 102.6 104.8 2.1 119.0 121.9 124.3 128.0 3.0

Information

91.8 92.4 92.7 92.7 0.0 110.1 113.4 113.9 114.4 0.4

Financial activities

96.9 98.8 99.2 99.5 0.3 115.7 120.1 120.8 121.6 0.7

Professional and business services

107.8 110.8 111.0 111.3 0.3 127.0 133.5 134.0 134.9 0.7

Education and health services

111.9 114.5 114.8 115.0 0.2 129.7 135.0 135.5 135.9 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

108.9 112.4 113.3 112.5 -0.7 120.7 128.4 130.2 129.2 -0.8

Other services

97.8 98.9 99.1 98.8 -0.3 120.9 124.9 125.3 124.9 -0.3

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

68,175 69,408 69,559 69,664 49.4 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private

55,714 56,891 57,034 57,140 47.9 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing

4,178 4,270 4,267 4,269 21.9 21.9 21.8 21.8

Mining and logging

116 123 122 122 13.2 13.6 13.6 13.8

Construction

768 798 797 797 12.7 12.6 12.6 12.6

Manufacturing

3,294 3,349 3,348 3,350 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.2

Durable goods

1,755 1,805 1,805 1,807 23.0 23.2 23.1 23.2

Nondurable goods

1,539 1,544 1,543 1,543 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing

51,536 52,621 52,767 52,871 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,619 10,807 10,842 10,873 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.6

Wholesale trade

1,710.2 1,719.5 1,729.1 1,735.7 29.5 29.2 29.3 29.4

Retail trade

7,692.2 7,834.8 7,857.9 7,881.5 50.4 50.4 50.5 50.6

Transportation and warehousing

1,082.1 1,118.7 1,121.8 1,121.9 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.6

Utilities

134.2 134.2 133.6 134.0 24.3 24.1 23.9 24.0

Information

1,093 1,117 1,118 1,118 40.1 40.3 40.2 40.2

Financial activities

4,554 4,616 4,617 4,623 57.4 57.2 57.2 57.2

Professional and business services

8,429 8,655 8,672 8,699 44.6 44.5 44.5 44.5

Education and health services

16,368 16,726 16,780 16,821 76.8 76.9 76.9 77.0

Leisure and hospitality

7,570 7,760 7,799 7,795 52.0 51.8 51.8 51.8

Other services

2,903 2,940 2,939 2,942 52.3 52.4 52.2 52.3

Government

12,461 12,517 12,525 12,524 57.1 57.2 57.2 57.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)

Total private

96,056 98,040 98,266 98,359

Goods-producing

13,754 14,083 14,113 14,101

Mining and logging

648 662 657 651

Construction

4,582 4,747 4,778 4,769

Manufacturing

8,524 8,674 8,678 8,681

Durable goods

5,250 5,368 5,374 5,377

Nondurable goods

3,274 3,306 3,304 3,304

Private service-providing

82,302 83,957 84,153 84,258

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22,142 22,493 22,551 22,586

Wholesale trade

4,676.1 4,745.0 4,754.4 4,749.3

Retail trade

13,056.5 13,208.4 13,251.8 13,287.4

Transportation and warehousing

3,963.2 4,090.3 4,095.4 4,100.8

Utilities

446.2 449.5 449.3 448.8

Information

2,207 2,250 2,254 2,254

Financial activities

6,115 6,226 6,231 6,238

Professional and business services

15,641 16,035 16,052 16,061

Education and health services

18,719 19,095 19,145 19,172

Leisure and hospitality

12,850 13,182 13,240 13,264

Other services

4,628 4,676 4,680 4,683

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.7 33.8 33.7

Goods-producing

41.5 41.4 41.5 41.2

Mining and logging

47.9 46.9 46.7 46.6

Construction

39.6 39.4 39.9 39.3

Manufacturing

42.0 42.1 41.9 41.8

Durable goods

42.4 42.4 42.2 42.1

Nondurable goods

41.4 41.5 41.5 41.4

Private service-providing

32.4 32.5 32.5 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.5 33.6 33.8 33.7

Wholesale trade

38.7 38.6 38.6 38.5

Retail trade

29.9 30.1 30.2 30.1

Transportation and warehousing

38.5 38.4 38.7 38.6

Utilities

42.2 42.4 42.5 43.3

Information

35.9 36.0 36.0 36.0

Financial activities

36.8 36.9 36.9 37.0

Professional and business services

35.5 35.6 35.6 35.5

Education and health services

31.9 32.1 32.0 32.0

Leisure and hospitality

25.2 25.1 25.3 25.1

Other services

30.8 30.7 30.8 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3

Durable goods

4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3

Nondurable goods

4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)

Total private

$20.50 $20.81 $20.82 $20.86 $690.85 $701.30 $703.72 $702.98

Goods-producing

21.49 21.71 21.70 21.81 891.84 898.79 900.55 898.57

Mining and logging

26.49 26.58 26.49 26.44 1,268.87 1,246.60 1,237.08 1,232.10

Construction

24.51 24.94 24.79 25.14 970.60 982.64 989.12 988.00

Manufacturing

19.52 19.64 19.68 19.71 819.84 826.84 824.59 823.88

Durable goods

20.64 20.71 20.76 20.79 875.14 878.10 876.07 875.26

Nondurable goods

17.69 17.88 17.91 17.94 732.37 742.02 743.27 742.72

Private service-providing

20.28 20.62 20.63 20.66 657.07 670.15 670.48 669.38

Trade, transportation, and utilities

18.16 18.50 18.49 18.53 608.36 621.60 624.96 624.46

Wholesale trade

23.11 23.39 23.39 23.45 894.36 902.85 902.85 902.83

Retail trade

14.28 14.65 14.62 14.62 426.97 440.97 441.52 440.06

Transportation and warehousing

20.43 20.76 20.77 20.81 786.56 797.18 803.80 803.27

Utilities

32.78 33.15 33.61 34.05 1,383.32 1,405.56 1,428.43 1,474.37

Information

28.57 28.58 28.61 28.54 1,025.66 1,028.88 1,029.96 1,027.44

Financial activities

24.58 25.06 25.12 25.17 904.54 924.71 926.93 931.29

Professional and business services

24.20 24.43 24.45 24.53 859.10 869.71 870.42 870.82

Education and health services

21.53 21.89 21.94 21.92 686.81 702.67 702.08 701.44

Leisure and hospitality

11.96 12.31 12.34 12.35 301.39 308.98 312.20 309.99

Other services

18.36 18.77 18.76 18.75 565.49 576.24 577.81 575.63

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2015 - Mar.
2015(p)
Mar.
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015(p)
Mar.
2015(p)
Percent change from:
Feb.
2015 - Mar.
2015(p)

Total private

107.9 110.1 110.7 110.5 -0.2 147.8 153.1 154.0 154.0 0.0

Goods-producing

87.2 89.1 89.5 88.8 -0.8 114.8 118.4 118.9 118.6 -0.3

Mining and logging

164.9 165.0 163.0 161.2 -1.1 254.1 255.1 251.2 247.9 -1.3

Construction

90.9 93.6 95.5 93.8 -1.8 120.2 126.1 127.8 127.4 -0.3

Manufacturing

82.2 83.8 83.5 83.3 -0.2 104.9 107.7 107.4 107.4 0.0

Durable goods

83.6 85.5 85.2 85.1 -0.1 107.8 110.6 110.4 110.4 0.0

Nondurable goods

79.9 80.8 80.8 80.6 -0.2 99.8 102.1 102.2 102.2 0.0

Private service-providing

113.6 116.2 116.5 116.3 -0.2 158.0 164.3 164.8 164.7 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

103.4 105.4 106.3 106.1 -0.2 134.0 139.0 140.2 140.3 0.1

Wholesale trade

106.6 107.9 108.1 107.7 -0.4 145.1 148.6 148.9 148.7 -0.1

Retail trade

98.8 100.6 101.3 101.2 -0.1 120.9 126.4 126.9 126.9 0.0

Transportation and warehousing

114.9 118.2 119.3 119.2 -0.1 148.9 155.7 157.2 157.3 0.1

Utilities

96.3 97.5 97.7 99.4 1.7 131.8 134.9 137.0 141.2 3.1

Information

90.4 92.4 92.6 92.6 0.0 127.9 130.8 131.2 130.9 -0.2

Financial activities

105.9 108.2 108.2 108.7 0.5 160.2 166.7 167.3 168.3 0.6

Professional and business services

124.4 127.9 128.1 127.8 -0.2 179.2 186.0 186.3 186.5 0.1

Education and health services

127.5 130.8 130.8 130.9 0.1 181.0 188.9 189.3 189.4 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

118.6 121.2 122.7 121.9 -0.7 161.1 169.4 171.9 171.0 -0.5

Other services

100.0 100.7 101.1 100.8 -0.3 133.7 137.7 138.2 137.7 -0.4

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: April 03, 2015