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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, August 16, 2023	USDL-23-1791
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			    STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2023

Job openings rates decreased in 4 states and increased in 2 states on the last business day of June, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates decreased in 7 states and increased in 1 state. 
Total separations rates decreased in 11 states and increased in 1 state. Nationally, the job openings, 
hires, and total separations rates showed little or no change in June. 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In June, job openings rates decreased in 4 states, increased in 2 states, and were little changed in 44 
states and the District of Columbia. The decreases in job openings rates occurred in North Carolina  
(-0.8 percentage point), as well as in Illinois, Iowa, and Kentucky (-0.6 point each). The increases 
occurred in California and New Jersey (+0.6 point each). Over the month, the national job openings rate 
was unchanged. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings decreased in 6 states, increased in 4 states, and was little changed in 40 
states and the District of Columbia in June. The largest decreases in the job openings level occurred in 
Illinois (-45,000), North Carolina (-44,000), and Wisconsin (-18,000). The largest increases occurred in 
California (+127,000), New Jersey (+29,000), and Connecticut (+9,000). Nationally, the number of job 
openings changed little over the month. (See table 1.)

Hires

In June, hires rates decreased in 7 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 42 states and 
the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in the hires rates occurred in Washington  
(-1.1 percentage points), Alaska (-1.0 point), and Indiana (-0.9 point). The increase occurred in 
California (+0.4 point). The national hires rate was little changed over the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires decreased in 8 states and was little changed in 42 states and the District of 
Columbia in June. The largest decreases in the hires level occurred in Washington (-38,000), Indiana  
(-30,000), and Arizona (-25,000). Nationally, the number of hires decreased over the month (-326,000). 
(See table 2.)

Total Separations

In June, total separations rates decreased in 11 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 
38 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in total separations rates occurred in 
Delaware (-1.3 percentage points), as well as in Maine and Mississippi (-1.1 points each). The increase 
occurred in Kansas (+0.9 point). Over the month, the national total separations rate was little changed. 
(See table 3.)

The number of total separations decreased in 13 states, increased in 1 state, and was little changed in 
36 states and the District of Columbia in June. The largest decreases occurred in Georgia (-42,000), New 
York (-40,000), and Tennessee (-27,000). The increase in the total separations level occurred in Kansas 
(+12,000). Nationally, the number of total separations decreased (-288,000). (See table 3.)
 
Quits

In June, quits rates decreased in 16 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 33 states and 
the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in quits rates occurred in Maine (-1.2 percentage points) 
and Delaware (-1.0 point), as well as in Alabama and Vermont (-0.9 point each). The increase occurred 
in Kansas (+0.5 point). Over the month, the national quits rate decreased (-0.2 point). (See table 4.)

The number of quits decreased in 19 states, increased in 1 state, and was little changed in 30 states and 
the District of Columbia in June. The largest decreases in the quits level occurred in New York  
(-58,000) and Tennessee (-24,000), as well as in Georgia and North Carolina (-22,000). The increase 
occurred in Kansas (+7,000). Nationally, the number of quits decreased (-295,000). (See table 4.)
 
Layoffs and Discharges 

In June, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 2 states and were little changed in 48 states and the 
District of Columbia. The decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Mississippi  
(-0.6 percentage point) and Georgia (-0.5 point). Over the month, the national layoffs and discharges 
rate was unchanged. (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 2 states, increased in 1 state, and was little changed 
in 47 states and the District of Columbia in June. The decreases in the layoffs and discharges levels 
occurred in Georgia (-22,000) and Mississippi (-7,000). The increase occurred in Arizona (+11,000). 
Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  	

______________
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for July 2023 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, September 19, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component of the Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

10,961 9,745 10,320 9,616 9,582 -34 6.7 5.9 6.2 5.8 5.8 0.0


Alabama

156 131 145 137 140 3 6.9 5.8 6.3 6.0 6.1 0.1

Alaska

30 26 28 27 28 1 8.6 7.4 7.9 7.7 7.9 0.2

Arizona

223 206 240 200 193 -7 6.7 6.1 7.1 6.0 5.8 -0.2

Arkansas

104 97 101 99 95 -4 7.3 6.7 6.9 6.8 6.5 -0.3

California

1,208 895 1,043 912 1,039 127 6.4 4.7 5.5 4.8 5.4 0.6

Colorado

224 214 259 188 190 2 7.2 6.9 8.2 6.1 6.1 0.0

Connecticut

112 100 97 82 91 9 6.3 5.6 5.4 4.6 5.1 0.5

Delaware

34 36 37 35 34 -1 6.7 6.9 7.1 6.7 6.5 -0.2

District of Columbia

42 46 40 44 44 0 5.2 5.6 4.9 5.4 5.4 0.0

Florida

627 662 669 623 643 20 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.0 6.2 0.2

Georgia

457 383 385 371 372 1 8.7 7.3 7.3 7.0 7.0 0.0

Hawaii

37 33 38 33 33 0 5.7 5.0 5.7 5.0 5.0 0.0

Idaho

63 55 57 55 55 0 7.1 6.1 6.3 6.1 6.1 0.0

Illinois

435 401 423 422 377 -45 6.7 6.2 6.5 6.4 5.8 -0.6

Indiana

207 175 193 185 172 -13 6.1 5.1 5.6 5.4 5.0 -0.4

Iowa

113 94 107 102 91 -11 6.7 5.6 6.3 6.0 5.4 -0.6

Kansas

102 84 97 90 84 -6 6.7 5.5 6.3 5.9 5.5 -0.4

Kentucky

159 138 145 144 130 -14 7.5 6.4 6.8 6.7 6.1 -0.6

Louisiana

152 143 148 156 157 1 7.4 6.8 7.0 7.4 7.4 0.0

Maine

48 49 44 42 37 -5 7.0 7.1 6.4 6.1 5.4 -0.7

Maryland

204 200 206 204 200 -4 7.0 6.8 7.0 6.9 6.8 -0.1

Massachusetts

287 282 298 254 243 -11 7.3 7.0 7.3 6.3 6.1 -0.2

Michigan

293 250 296 247 237 -10 6.3 5.4 6.3 5.3 5.1 -0.2

Minnesota

212 180 206 208 197 -11 6.8 5.7 6.5 6.5 6.2 -0.3

Mississippi

86 84 91 87 88 1 6.9 6.7 7.2 6.9 7.0 0.1

Missouri

206 187 190 173 163 -10 6.6 5.9 6.0 5.5 5.2 -0.3

Montana

46 37 41 36 37 1 8.3 6.7 7.3 6.5 6.7 0.2

Nebraska

73 57 69 63 62 -1 6.7 5.2 6.2 5.7 5.6 -0.1

Nevada

97 100 113 104 99 -5 6.1 6.1 6.8 6.3 6.0 -0.3

New Hampshire

50 49 47 40 45 5 6.8 6.5 6.3 5.4 6.1 0.7

New Jersey

267 240 232 194 223 29 5.9 5.3 5.1 4.3 4.9 0.6

New Mexico

63 61 71 65 64 -1 7.0 6.6 7.6 7.0 6.8 -0.2

New York

541 430 460 434 460 26 5.4 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.5 0.2

North Carolina

365 372 379 407 363 -44 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.7 6.9 -0.8

North Dakota

33 29 29 30 28 -2 7.2 6.3 6.3 6.5 6.0 -0.5

Ohio

429 347 393 372 362 -10 7.2 5.8 6.5 6.2 6.0 -0.2

Oklahoma

130 119 128 128 122 -6 7.1 6.5 6.9 6.9 6.6 -0.3

Oregon

125 120 126 117 112 -5 6.1 5.7 6.0 5.5 5.3 -0.2

Pennsylvania

447 420 399 345 360 15 7.0 6.4 6.1 5.3 5.5 0.2

Rhode Island

39 33 33 27 30 3 7.3 6.2 6.2 5.2 5.7 0.5

South Carolina

166 182 172 177 175 -2 6.9 7.4 7.0 7.2 7.1 -0.1

South Dakota

34 29 31 31 29 -2 7.0 5.9 6.3 6.3 5.9 -0.4

Tennessee

243 244 252 237 233 -4 7.0 6.9 7.1 6.7 6.5 -0.2

Texas

1,028 821 819 824 799 -25 7.1 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.4 -0.2

Utah

107 105 113 105 103 -2 6.0 5.8 6.2 5.7 5.6 -0.1

Vermont

23 20 21 18 19 1 7.0 6.1 6.4 5.5 5.9 0.4

Virginia

325 328 315 305 309 4 7.4 7.3 7.1 6.9 6.9 0.0

Washington

202 187 213 180 173 -7 5.4 4.9 5.6 4.7 4.5 -0.2

West Virginia

58 54 55 56 56 0 7.7 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4 0.0

Wisconsin

220 188 205 183 165 -18 6.9 5.9 6.4 5.7 5.2 -0.5

Wyoming

22 20 22 19 20 1 7.2 6.5 7.1 6.1 6.4 0.3

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

6,448 6,066 6,101 6,231 5,905 -326 4.2 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.8 -0.2


Alabama

102 90 93 107 94 -13 4.8 4.2 4.3 5.0 4.4 -0.6

Alaska

21 20 18 21 18 -3 6.6 6.2 5.5 6.5 5.5 -1.0

Arizona

156 147 148 147 122 -25 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.7 3.9 -0.8

Arkansas

67 59 61 66 64 -2 5.0 4.4 4.5 4.8 4.7 -0.1

California

657 579 539 532 596 64 3.7 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.3 0.4

Colorado

128 117 128 119 105 -14 4.5 4.0 4.4 4.1 3.6 -0.5

Connecticut

66 59 59 58 52 -6 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.1 -0.3

Delaware

23 24 24 24 23 -1 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.7 -0.2

District of Columbia

24 27 24 28 25 -3 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.6 3.2 -0.4

Florida

440 383 404 402 385 -17 4.7 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.0 -0.1

Georgia

284 235 230 221 220 -1 5.9 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.5 0.0

Hawaii

22 23 21 21 20 -1 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.2 -0.1

Idaho

39 42 41 42 36 -6 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.2 -0.7

Illinois

235 241 248 267 246 -21 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.0 -0.4

Indiana

141 131 151 153 123 -30 4.4 4.0 4.6 4.7 3.8 -0.9

Iowa

65 57 60 63 59 -4 4.1 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.7 -0.2

Kansas

53 51 59 59 54 -5 3.8 3.5 4.1 4.1 3.7 -0.4

Kentucky

91 93 84 92 85 -7 4.7 4.6 4.2 4.6 4.2 -0.4

Louisiana

93 95 85 105 114 9 4.9 4.9 4.3 5.4 5.8 0.4

Maine

26 28 25 25 25 0 4.1 4.3 3.9 3.9 3.9 0.0

Maryland

115 116 107 113 107 -6 4.3 4.2 3.9 4.1 3.9 -0.2

Massachusetts

126 130 135 113 103 -10 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.0 2.7 -0.3

Michigan

181 164 153 167 156 -11 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.5 -0.3

Minnesota

116 111 117 121 99 -22 4.0 3.7 3.9 4.1 3.3 -0.8

Mississippi

61 48 52 56 56 0 5.2 4.1 4.4 4.8 4.8 0.0

Missouri

117 109 105 116 103 -13 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.4 -0.5

Montana

30 28 25 28 26 -2 5.9 5.4 4.8 5.4 5.0 -0.4

Nebraska

42 36 41 42 42 0 4.1 3.4 3.9 4.0 4.0 0.0

Nevada

65 72 67 64 62 -2 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.1 4.0 -0.1

New Hampshire

32 31 37 28 25 -3 4.7 4.4 5.3 4.0 3.6 -0.4

New Jersey

172 203 167 161 176 15 4.1 4.7 3.9 3.7 4.1 0.4

New Mexico

31 38 34 37 32 -5 3.7 4.4 3.9 4.3 3.7 -0.6

New York

288 297 281 277 278 1 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 0.0

North Carolina

227 180 213 222 200 -22 4.7 3.7 4.4 4.5 4.1 -0.4

North Dakota

21 18 17 21 19 -2 4.9 4.1 3.9 4.8 4.4 -0.4

Ohio

249 210 222 214 207 -7 4.5 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.7 -0.1

Oklahoma

86 79 79 80 77 -3 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5 -0.1

Oregon

83 85 72 88 72 -16 4.3 4.3 3.6 4.4 3.6 -0.8

Pennsylvania

203 185 198 205 183 -22 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.0 -0.3

Rhode Island

24 23 25 21 19 -2 4.8 4.6 5.0 4.2 3.8 -0.4

South Carolina

106 99 110 114 111 -3 4.7 4.3 4.8 5.0 4.8 -0.2

South Dakota

22 19 19 20 20 0 4.9 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.4 0.1

Tennessee

170 149 160 172 150 -22 5.2 4.5 4.8 5.2 4.5 -0.7

Texas

612 599 624 619 588 -31 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.2 -0.2

Utah

71 71 70 73 66 -7 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.8 -0.4

Vermont

13 13 15 13 12 -1 4.3 4.2 4.8 4.2 4.0 -0.2

Virginia

163 178 169 174 178 4 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 0.1

Washington

129 124 129 149 111 -38 3.7 3.4 3.6 4.1 3.0 -1.1

West Virginia

34 36 32 34 33 -1 4.9 5.1 4.6 4.9 4.7 -0.2

Wisconsin

109 98 111 124 113 -11 3.7 3.3 3.7 4.1 3.8 -0.3

Wyoming

16 15 14 13 12 -1 5.7 5.2 4.8 4.5 4.1 -0.4

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

5,991 5,994 5,660 5,925 5,637 -288 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.6 -0.2


Alabama

96 90 76 104 88 -16 4.6 4.2 3.5 4.8 4.1 -0.7

Alaska

18 19 26 17 15 -2 5.7 5.9 8.0 5.2 4.6 -0.6

Arizona

168 141 142 119 130 11 5.4 4.5 4.5 3.8 4.1 0.3

Arkansas

58 62 54 66 55 -11 4.4 4.6 4.0 4.8 4.0 -0.8

California

581 636 505 522 489 -33 3.3 3.5 2.8 2.9 2.7 -0.2

Colorado

115 134 116 106 104 -2 4.0 4.6 4.0 3.6 3.6 0.0

Connecticut

54 59 56 64 55 -9 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.8 3.3 -0.5

Delaware

24 24 21 30 24 -6 5.1 5.0 4.3 6.2 4.9 -1.3

District of Columbia

25 24 21 28 26 -2 3.3 3.1 2.7 3.6 3.3 -0.3

Florida

414 404 397 408 426 18 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.4 0.2

Georgia

317 219 192 247 205 -42 6.6 4.5 3.9 5.0 4.2 -0.8

Hawaii

21 22 19 20 18 -2 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.2 2.9 -0.3

Idaho

36 39 44 36 32 -4 4.4 4.6 5.2 4.2 3.8 -0.4

Illinois

215 227 243 210 224 14 3.6 3.7 4.0 3.4 3.6 0.2

Indiana

116 133 145 132 130 -2 3.6 4.1 4.5 4.0 4.0 0.0

Iowa

54 59 69 57 59 2 3.4 3.7 4.3 3.6 3.7 0.1

Kansas

54 58 65 54 66 12 3.8 4.0 4.5 3.7 4.6 0.9

Kentucky

88 92 89 99 85 -14 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.9 4.2 -0.7

Louisiana

90 103 82 107 94 -13 4.7 5.3 4.2 5.5 4.8 -0.7

Maine

27 29 22 29 22 -7 4.2 4.5 3.4 4.5 3.4 -1.1

Maryland

97 131 110 117 98 -19 3.6 4.8 4.0 4.3 3.6 -0.7

Massachusetts

145 119 114 104 101 -3 4.0 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.7 -0.1

Michigan

148 153 148 164 153 -11 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.7 3.4 -0.3

Minnesota

107 106 102 101 113 12 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.8 0.4

Mississippi

57 52 52 63 51 -12 4.9 4.4 4.4 5.4 4.3 -1.1

Missouri

123 108 112 107 99 -8 4.2 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.3 -0.3

Montana

29 30 29 27 26 -1 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.2 5.0 -0.2

Nebraska

33 38 43 38 37 -1 3.2 3.6 4.1 3.6 3.5 -0.1

Nevada

67 68 66 65 61 -4 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.2 3.9 -0.3

New Hampshire

27 35 25 30 31 1 3.9 5.0 3.6 4.3 4.4 0.1

New Jersey

137 158 150 125 126 1 3.2 3.7 3.5 2.9 2.9 0.0

New Mexico

38 36 35 33 33 0 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.8 0.0

New York

261 262 231 283 243 -40 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.9 2.5 -0.4

North Carolina

228 190 197 217 198 -19 4.8 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.0 -0.4

North Dakota

17 18 22 16 19 3 4.0 4.1 5.1 3.7 4.4 0.7

Ohio

229 195 229 211 209 -2 4.1 3.5 4.1 3.8 3.7 -0.1

Oklahoma

83 71 67 75 75 0 4.9 4.1 3.9 4.3 4.3 0.0

Oregon

74 82 81 79 66 -13 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.3 -0.7

Pennsylvania

175 189 176 193 199 6 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.2 0.0

Rhode Island

19 22 20 21 18 -3 3.8 4.4 4.0 4.2 3.6 -0.6

South Carolina

101 103 91 104 97 -7 4.5 4.5 4.0 4.5 4.2 -0.3

South Dakota

16 19 23 18 19 1 3.5 4.1 5.0 3.9 4.1 0.2

Tennessee

158 158 133 166 139 -27 4.9 4.8 4.0 5.0 4.2 -0.8

Texas

550 520 476 554 572 18 4.1 3.8 3.4 4.0 4.1 0.1

Utah

64 68 70 79 66 -13 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.6 3.8 -0.8

Vermont

12 15 11 14 12 -2 4.0 4.9 3.6 4.6 4.0 -0.6

Virginia

143 177 173 184 171 -13 3.5 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.1 -0.3

Washington

122 139 131 120 105 -15 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.3 2.9 -0.4

West Virginia

37 34 34 35 37 2 5.3 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.3 0.3

Wisconsin

108 107 112 110 104 -6 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 -0.2

Wyoming

15 15 16 15 14 -1 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.2 4.8 -0.4

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

4,161 3,842 3,765 4,067 3,772 -295 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.4 -0.2


Alabama

68 63 55 81 62 -19 3.2 2.9 2.6 3.8 2.9 -0.9

Alaska

12 11 11 11 10 -1 3.8 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.0 -0.4

Arizona

129 95 103 90 93 3 4.2 3.0 3.3 2.9 2.9 0.0

Arkansas

42 42 37 48 38 -10 3.2 3.1 2.7 3.5 2.8 -0.7

California

385 359 341 341 327 -14 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 -0.1

Colorado

76 77 77 72 70 -2 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.4 -0.1

Connecticut

38 34 35 42 33 -9 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.0 -0.5

Delaware

17 16 15 21 16 -5 3.6 3.3 3.1 4.3 3.3 -1.0

District of Columbia

18 16 14 20 18 -2 2.4 2.1 1.8 2.6 2.3 -0.3

Florida

300 279 290 293 297 4 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 0.1

Georgia

237 151 142 164 142 -22 4.9 3.1 2.9 3.3 2.9 -0.4

Hawaii

15 14 12 13 12 -1 2.4 2.2 1.9 2.1 1.9 -0.2

Idaho

24 25 27 25 21 -4 2.9 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.5 -0.4

Illinois

140 135 144 136 151 15 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.5 0.3

Indiana

83 88 94 90 92 2 2.6 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.8 0.0

Iowa

40 37 45 35 37 2 2.5 2.3 2.8 2.2 2.3 0.1

Kansas

36 37 36 37 44 7 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.6 3.1 0.5

Kentucky

65 65 65 73 57 -16 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.6 2.8 -0.8

Louisiana

62 70 57 73 63 -10 3.2 3.6 2.9 3.7 3.2 -0.5

Maine

18 16 15 20 12 -8 2.8 2.5 2.3 3.1 1.9 -1.2

Maryland

71 86 75 80 66 -14 2.6 3.1 2.7 2.9 2.4 -0.5

Massachusetts

72 63 71 63 56 -7 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.5 -0.2

Michigan

102 94 89 103 105 2 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.4 0.1

Minnesota

76 68 68 70 75 5 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.5 0.2

Mississippi

41 35 37 42 36 -6 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.6 3.1 -0.5

Missouri

78 72 73 75 65 -10 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.2 -0.3

Montana

19 17 18 19 17 -2 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.3 -0.4

Nebraska

23 23 26 24 24 0 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.3 0.0

Nevada

44 43 45 45 41 -4 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.6 -0.3

New Hampshire

18 21 15 17 19 2 2.6 3.0 2.1 2.4 2.7 0.3

New Jersey

91 91 92 76 67 -9 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.5 -0.3

New Mexico

26 22 22 23 22 -1 3.1 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 -0.2

New York

175 164 140 187 129 -58 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.9 1.3 -0.6

North Carolina

168 123 138 155 133 -22 3.5 2.5 2.8 3.2 2.7 -0.5

North Dakota

11 10 13 12 13 1 2.6 2.3 3.0 2.8 3.0 0.2

Ohio

136 133 126 141 140 -1 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.5 0.0

Oklahoma

63 48 48 53 52 -1 3.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.0 -0.1

Oregon

53 51 52 53 42 -11 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.1 -0.6

Pennsylvania

119 118 121 123 120 -3 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.0

Rhode Island

12 13 13 13 10 -3 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.0 -0.6

South Carolina

74 73 66 76 70 -6 3.3 3.2 2.9 3.3 3.0 -0.3

South Dakota

11 12 13 12 13 1 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.8 0.2

Tennessee

113 99 98 122 98 -24 3.5 3.0 3.0 3.7 2.9 -0.8

Texas

409 376 339 415 428 13 3.1 2.7 2.4 3.0 3.1 0.1

Utah

43 44 48 54 40 -14 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.1 2.3 -0.8

Vermont

8 8 7 9 6 -3 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.9 2.0 -0.9

Virginia

104 120 107 134 117 -17 2.6 2.9 2.6 3.2 2.8 -0.4

Washington

86 84 87 81 65 -16 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 1.8 -0.4

West Virginia

27 24 23 24 25 1 3.9 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.6 0.2

Wisconsin

72 67 69 73 72 -1 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 0.0

Wyoming

10 9 10 10 9 -1 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.4 3.1 -0.3

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)
June
2022
Mar.
2023
Apr.
2023
May
2023
June
2023(p)
Change from:
May 2023 -
June 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

1,477 1,845 1,590 1,546 1,527 -19 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0


Alabama

22 22 17 20 21 1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.1

Alaska

5 6 12 4 5 1 1.6 1.8 3.7 1.2 1.5 0.3

Arizona

32 36 34 22 33 11 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.3

Arkansas

13 16 14 15 15 0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.0

California

158 249 136 150 134 -16 0.9 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 -0.1

Colorado

29 45 33 29 30 1 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.0

Connecticut

13 22 15 17 16 -1 0.8 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.9 -0.1

Delaware

6 7 5 7 7 0 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.4 0.0

District of Columbia

5 6 5 6 6 0 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.0

Florida

82 107 89 99 108 9 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.1

Georgia

59 57 42 73 51 -22 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.5 1.0 -0.5

Hawaii

5 7 5 6 6 0 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.0

Idaho

10 11 14 10 10 0 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.2 1.2 0.0

Illinois

66 86 84 64 61 -3 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.0 0.0

Indiana

26 39 45 34 31 -3 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.0 0.0

Iowa

12 18 21 18 19 1 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.2 0.1

Kansas

15 17 25 14 18 4 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.2 0.2

Kentucky

17 22 20 21 24 3 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.2

Louisiana

22 29 22 25 26 1 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.0

Maine

8 11 6 7 7 0 1.3 1.7 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.0

Maryland

17 37 28 31 27 -4 0.6 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.0 -0.1

Massachusetts

66 52 34 31 34 3 1.8 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.1

Michigan

39 53 53 52 39 -13 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.9 -0.3

Minnesota

26 32 30 25 32 7 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.3

Mississippi

12 13 12 19 12 -7 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.0 -0.6

Missouri

40 29 34 24 27 3 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.1

Montana

8 10 8 7 8 1 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.5 0.1

Nebraska

8 12 15 12 10 -2 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.0 -0.2

Nevada

20 22 18 17 17 0 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.0

New Hampshire

8 13 7 11 9 -2 1.2 1.9 1.0 1.6 1.3 -0.3

New Jersey

39 61 49 37 46 9 0.9 1.4 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.2

New Mexico

9 11 9 8 9 1 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.1

New York

75 83 78 84 89 5 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.0

North Carolina

49 56 50 51 46 -5 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 -0.1

North Dakota

5 6 8 4 5 1 1.2 1.4 1.8 0.9 1.1 0.2

Ohio

78 50 85 57 59 2 1.4 0.9 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.0

Oklahoma

16 20 15 19 19 0 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.0

Oregon

17 26 24 21 21 0 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.0

Pennsylvania

48 66 45 58 54 -4 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.0

Rhode Island

6 8 6 7 6 -1 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.2 -0.2

South Carolina

21 25 21 22 22 0 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.0

South Dakota

4 5 9 5 5 0 0.9 1.1 2.0 1.1 1.1 0.0

Tennessee

38 53 28 38 34 -4 1.2 1.6 0.8 1.1 1.0 -0.1

Texas

105 127 114 119 124 5 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.0

Utah

17 19 18 21 24 3 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.2

Vermont

3 7 3 4 3 -1 1.0 2.3 1.0 1.3 1.0 -0.3

Virginia

28 48 59 43 46 3 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.1

Washington

31 46 35 31 35 4 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.1

West Virginia

8 8 9 9 9 0 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.0

Wisconsin

30 31 38 32 26 -6 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.9 -0.2

Wyoming

4 5 5 5 5 0 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 0.0

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

10,812 9,352 9,289 6.6 5.6 5.6


Alabama

153 133 136 6.8 5.8 5.9

Alaska

42 37 40 11.2 10.2 10.4

Arizona

202 176 162 6.2 5.3 5.0

Arkansas

100 96 91 7.0 6.5 6.2

California

1,194 884 1,045 6.3 4.7 5.5

Colorado

230 179 190 7.4 5.8 6.1

Connecticut

110 88 85 6.1 4.9 4.8

Delaware

37 33 34 7.2 6.4 6.5

District of Columbia

44 40 45 5.5 5.0 5.5

Florida

617 610 631 6.2 5.9 6.1

Georgia

431 353 348 8.3 6.7 6.6

Hawaii

35 26 30 5.4 4.0 4.5

Idaho

64 56 56 7.1 6.2 6.1

Illinois

449 422 379 6.9 6.4 5.8

Indiana

200 182 163 5.9 5.3 4.8

Iowa

110 99 86 6.5 5.8 5.1

Kansas

96 82 77 6.4 5.4 5.0

Kentucky

154 137 121 7.3 6.4 5.7

Louisiana

141 146 147 6.9 6.9 7.0

Maine

52 48 40 7.4 6.9 5.7

Maryland

197 191 190 6.8 6.5 6.4

Massachusetts

294 261 240 7.3 6.5 5.9

Michigan

292 251 222 6.2 5.3 4.7

Minnesota

201 216 182 6.4 6.7 5.7

Mississippi

80 83 81 6.5 6.6 6.5

Missouri

201 164 154 6.4 5.2 4.9

Montana

52 38 42 9.2 6.9 7.3

Nebraska

68 60 55 6.2 5.4 5.0

Nevada

93 100 93 5.9 6.1 5.6

New Hampshire

52 40 45 7.0 5.4 6.0

New Jersey

270 182 218 5.9 4.0 4.7

New Mexico

55 54 55 6.2 5.8 6.0

New York

530 423 444 5.2 4.2 4.3

North Carolina

359 409 352 7.0 7.7 6.7

North Dakota

34 32 29 7.2 6.9 6.2

Ohio

426 375 353 7.1 6.2 5.9

Oklahoma

126 118 118 6.9 6.3 6.4

Oregon

115 103 101 5.6 4.9 4.8

Pennsylvania

438 348 340 6.8 5.4 5.2

Rhode Island

39 28 29 7.2 5.3 5.5

South Carolina

162 173 164 6.7 7.0 6.6

South Dakota

35 35 30 7.1 6.9 6.1

Tennessee

241 233 224 6.9 6.6 6.3

Texas

1,039 791 801 7.2 5.4 5.4

Utah

98 100 93 5.5 5.5 5.1

Vermont

23 19 18 7.2 5.8 5.7

Virginia

319 283 300 7.3 6.4 6.7

Washington

201 163 167 5.4 4.3 4.4

West Virginia

56 51 53 7.5 6.7 6.9

Wisconsin

223 180 162 6.9 5.7 5.0

Wyoming

31 23 27 9.5 7.2 8.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

7,448 6,862 6,777 4.9 4.4 4.3


Alabama

116 116 107 5.5 5.4 4.9

Alaska

39 38 33 11.6 11.4 9.5

Arizona

152 145 114 5.0 4.6 3.7

Arkansas

69 72 67 5.2 5.2 4.9

California

702 520 646 4.0 2.9 3.6

Colorado

157 136 127 5.4 4.7 4.3

Connecticut

81 67 63 4.8 3.9 3.7

Delaware

30 27 29 6.3 5.5 5.9

District of Columbia

29 28 30 3.8 3.7 3.9

Florida

460 425 408 5.0 4.4 4.2

Georgia

325 250 254 6.8 5.1 5.2

Hawaii

24 20 21 3.9 3.1 3.3

Idaho

52 49 43 6.3 5.8 5.1

Illinois

287 303 288 4.7 4.9 4.7

Indiana

166 170 146 5.2 5.2 4.5

Iowa

84 76 76 5.3 4.7 4.7

Kansas

64 65 63 4.5 4.5 4.4

Kentucky

102 97 95 5.2 4.8 4.7

Louisiana

100 115 125 5.2 5.9 6.4

Maine

39 34 35 6.1 5.2 5.3

Maryland

142 116 130 5.3 4.2 4.7

Massachusetts

171 129 138 4.6 3.4 3.6

Michigan

214 203 186 4.8 4.6 4.1

Minnesota

156 155 132 5.3 5.2 4.4

Mississippi

66 58 62 5.7 4.9 5.3

Missouri

143 122 125 4.9 4.1 4.2

Montana

42 37 34 8.0 7.2 6.5

Nebraska

48 45 48 4.6 4.3 4.6

Nevada

68 74 60 4.6 4.8 3.9

New Hampshire

42 32 33 6.1 4.6 4.7

New Jersey

220 171 230 5.1 3.9 5.2

New Mexico

37 38 34 4.4 4.4 3.9

New York

350 322 331 3.7 3.3 3.4

North Carolina

270 261 232 5.6 5.3 4.7

North Dakota

27 27 25 6.2 6.3 5.6

Ohio

284 256 244 5.1 4.5 4.3

Oklahoma

97 82 87 5.7 4.7 5.1

Oregon

93 90 77 4.8 4.5 3.8

Pennsylvania

235 240 205 3.9 3.9 3.3

Rhode Island

30 25 23 6.0 4.9 4.7

South Carolina

115 124 122 5.1 5.4 5.3

South Dakota

30 28 28 6.4 6.1 5.9

Tennessee

184 187 163 5.7 5.7 4.9

Texas

651 657 623 4.9 4.7 4.5

Utah

77 81 68 4.6 4.7 3.9

Vermont

17 16 15 5.6 5.1 4.9

Virginia

190 184 206 4.7 4.4 5.0

Washington

150 150 126 4.2 4.1 3.4

West Virginia

39 39 38 5.6 5.6 5.4

Wisconsin

157 140 160 5.3 4.6 5.3

Wyoming

26 21 21 9.1 7.1 7.0

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

6,393 5,794 5,938 4.2 3.7 3.8


Alabama

99 107 90 4.7 5.0 4.1

Alaska

18 17 15 5.5 5.3 4.3

Arizona

194 128 150 6.4 4.1 4.8

Arkansas

63 65 59 4.8 4.8 4.3

California

629 514 513 3.6 2.8 2.8

Colorado

115 99 101 4.0 3.4 3.4

Connecticut

61 55 62 3.6 3.3 3.6

Delaware

24 31 23 5.0 6.3 4.6

District of Columbia

25 27 26 3.3 3.5 3.4

Florida

457 432 476 4.9 4.4 4.9

Georgia

348 251 214 7.3 5.1 4.4

Hawaii

23 20 19 3.7 3.2 3.1

Idaho

35 33 29 4.2 3.9 3.4

Illinois

220 193 226 3.6 3.1 3.6

Indiana

127 137 135 4.0 4.2 4.2

Iowa

55 57 58 3.5 3.5 3.6

Kansas

64 56 80 4.5 3.9 5.5

Kentucky

97 92 91 4.9 4.6 4.5

Louisiana

97 108 100 5.1 5.5 5.1

Maine

28 26 22 4.3 4.0 3.4

Maryland

112 101 108 4.1 3.7 3.9

Massachusetts

145 90 101 3.9 2.4 2.6

Michigan

153 166 157 3.5 3.7 3.5

Minnesota

114 94 124 3.9 3.1 4.1

Mississippi

62 65 56 5.4 5.5 4.8

Missouri

139 105 112 4.7 3.5 3.7

Montana

28 26 24 5.4 5.1 4.5

Nebraska

36 39 39 3.5 3.8 3.7

Nevada

69 63 58 4.6 4.0 3.8

New Hampshire

30 27 34 4.4 3.8 4.9

New Jersey

141 101 127 3.3 2.3 2.9

New Mexico

45 31 40 5.4 3.5 4.5

New York

281 260 261 2.9 2.7 2.7

North Carolina

237 219 206 4.9 4.4 4.2

North Dakota

18 17 20 4.2 3.9 4.6

Ohio

245 215 220 4.4 3.8 3.9

Oklahoma

87 74 77 5.2 4.3 4.5

Oregon

76 72 65 3.9 3.6 3.2

Pennsylvania

203 174 235 3.4 2.8 3.8

Rhode Island

22 19 20 4.3 3.9 4.0

South Carolina

105 99 98 4.7 4.3 4.2

South Dakota

16 18 19 3.5 3.8 4.1

Tennessee

158 169 137 4.9 5.1 4.1

Texas

567 561 593 4.2 4.0 4.2

Utah

65 77 65 3.9 4.5 3.7

Vermont

13 18 12 4.5 5.8 4.1

Virginia

154 181 181 3.8 4.4 4.3

Washington

124 100 103 3.5 2.8 2.8

West Virginia

37 35 37 5.3 4.9 5.3

Wisconsin

118 114 109 4.0 3.8 3.6

Wyoming

13 14 11 4.3 4.9 3.7

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

4,506 4,103 4,024 2.9 2.6 2.6


Alabama

73 82 65 3.5 3.8 3.0

Alaska

12 12 10 3.7 3.6 2.8

Arizona

147 96 105 4.9 3.1 3.4

Arkansas

47 48 42 3.6 3.5 3.1

California

425 353 349 2.4 2.0 1.9

Colorado

77 72 69 2.7 2.5 2.3

Connecticut

43 39 37 2.5 2.3 2.2

Delaware

18 21 16 3.8 4.4 3.2

District of Columbia

18 19 18 2.4 2.4 2.4

Florida

328 306 328 3.5 3.1 3.4

Georgia

264 166 151 5.5 3.4 3.1

Hawaii

16 14 13 2.6 2.2 2.0

Idaho

24 23 20 2.9 2.8 2.3

Illinois

144 128 156 2.4 2.1 2.5

Indiana

91 97 97 2.9 2.9 3.0

Iowa

42 39 37 2.6 2.4 2.3

Kansas

44 39 54 3.1 2.7 3.7

Kentucky

76 70 64 3.9 3.5 3.2

Louisiana

68 75 69 3.6 3.8 3.5

Maine

19 19 12 2.9 2.9 1.9

Maryland

82 72 74 3.0 2.6 2.7

Massachusetts

76 58 56 2.0 1.5 1.5

Michigan

101 108 106 2.3 2.4 2.4

Minnesota

84 69 84 2.8 2.3 2.8

Mississippi

46 43 41 4.0 3.7 3.5

Missouri

91 74 76 3.1 2.5 2.5

Montana

19 19 15 3.7 3.7 2.9

Nebraska

25 25 26 2.5 2.4 2.5

Nevada

45 44 39 3.0 2.9 2.5

New Hampshire

20 17 21 2.9 2.5 3.0

New Jersey

92 69 65 2.1 1.6 1.5

New Mexico

31 21 26 3.7 2.5 3.0

New York

191 186 139 2.0 1.9 1.4

North Carolina

177 152 141 3.7 3.1 2.9

North Dakota

13 12 14 3.0 2.8 3.2

Ohio

148 149 152 2.7 2.6 2.7

Oklahoma

67 54 56 4.0 3.1 3.2

Oregon

56 51 43 2.9 2.5 2.1

Pennsylvania

134 124 133 2.2 2.0 2.1

Rhode Island

14 13 11 2.8 2.6 2.1

South Carolina

78 72 71 3.5 3.1 3.1

South Dakota

12 12 14 2.5 2.6 2.9

Tennessee

116 127 99 3.6 3.8 3.0

Texas

438 427 461 3.3 3.1 3.3

Utah

45 56 39 2.7 3.2 2.3

Vermont

9 13 6 3.0 4.3 2.1

Virginia

115 133 127 2.8 3.2 3.0

Washington

89 70 65 2.5 1.9 1.8

West Virginia

28 25 26 4.0 3.5 3.7

Wisconsin

78 80 77 2.6 2.7 2.5

Wyoming

9 10 7 2.9 3.5 2.3

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)
June
2022
May
2023
June
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

1,474 1,398 1,533 1.0 0.9 1.0


Alabama

21 21 20 1.0 1.0 0.9

Alaska

5 4 4 1.4 1.2 1.3

Arizona

35 26 38 1.2 0.8 1.2

Arkansas

12 14 13 0.9 1.0 1.0

California

161 132 134 0.9 0.7 0.7

Colorado

26 23 28 0.9 0.8 1.0

Connecticut

15 12 17 0.9 0.7 1.0

Delaware

4 8 6 0.9 1.5 1.2

District of Columbia

5 6 6 0.7 0.8 0.7

Florida

87 113 116 0.9 1.2 1.2

Georgia

58 75 50 1.2 1.5 1.0

Hawaii

5 5 6 0.9 0.8 0.9

Idaho

9 8 8 1.1 1.0 1.0

Illinois

62 58 56 1.0 0.9 0.9

Indiana

27 34 30 0.8 1.0 0.9

Iowa

11 15 18 0.7 0.9 1.1

Kansas

16 14 21 1.1 1.0 1.5

Kentucky

15 19 22 0.7 1.0 1.1

Louisiana

22 23 26 1.1 1.2 1.3

Maine

7 5 7 1.1 0.8 1.0

Maryland

19 24 28 0.7 0.9 1.0

Massachusetts

61 21 33 1.6 0.6 0.9

Michigan

42 48 41 1.0 1.1 0.9

Minnesota

26 21 34 0.9 0.7 1.1

Mississippi

12 18 12 1.1 1.6 1.0

Missouri

42 24 27 1.4 0.8 0.9

Montana

7 6 7 1.3 1.1 1.4

Nebraska

9 11 11 0.8 1.1 1.0

Nevada

20 16 17 1.3 1.0 1.1

New Hampshire

8 7 8 1.2 1.0 1.2

New Jersey

41 23 48 1.0 0.5 1.1

New Mexico

10 7 11 1.2 0.8 1.3

New York

75 63 94 0.8 0.6 1.0

North Carolina

48 59 42 1.0 1.2 0.9

North Dakota

4 4 5 1.0 0.9 1.0

Ohio

80 50 59 1.4 0.9 1.0

Oklahoma

14 17 18 0.8 1.0 1.0

Oregon

16 18 20 0.8 0.9 1.0

Pennsylvania

60 40 71 1.0 0.6 1.2

Rhode Island

7 5 7 1.4 1.0 1.5

South Carolina

20 22 21 0.9 1.0 0.9

South Dakota

4 4 5 0.8 0.9 1.0

Tennessee

35 36 31 1.1 1.1 0.9

Texas

94 111 113 0.7 0.8 0.8

Utah

15 18 23 0.9 1.0 1.3

Vermont

3 4 3 1.0 1.2 1.1

Virginia

26 41 44 0.6 1.0 1.1

Washington

28 24 32 0.8 0.7 0.9

West Virginia

6 8 9 0.9 1.2 1.2

Wisconsin

34 28 26 1.1 0.9 0.9

Wyoming

3 3 4 1.1 1.1 1.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: August 16, 2023