For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, May 10, 2016	USDL-16-0944

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MARCH 2016

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.8 million on the last business day of March, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires edged down to 5.3 million while separations were little 
changed at 5.0 million. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.1 percent, and the layoffs and discharges 
rate was 1.2 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and 
separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

Job openings were little changed at 5.8 million in March. The job openings rate was 3.9 percent. The 
number of job openings was little changed in March for total private and edged up for government. Job 
openings increased in professional and business services (+124,000), transportation, warehousing, and 
utilities (+35,000), and nondurable goods manufacturing (+29,000). Job openings decreased in retail 
trade (-80,000), educational services (-36,000), and wholesale trade (-35,000). The number of job 
openings was little changed in all four regions. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires edged down to 5.3 million in March. The hires rate was 3.7 percent. The number of 
hires decreased for total private (-241,000) and was little changed for government. Hires rose in state 
and local government education (+23,000), but fell in retail trade (-85,000) and educational services 
(-21,000). In the regions, hires decreased in the West. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 5.0 million total separations in March, little changed from February. The total separations 
rate in March was 3.5 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and 
for government. Total separations decreased in finance and insurance (-38,000). The number of total 
separations was down in the South region. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed in March at 3.0 million. The quits rate was 2.1 percent. Over the 
month, the number of quits was little changed for total private and government. Quits increased in 
construction (+50,000) and state and local government, excluding education (+9,000). Quits decreased 
in finance and insurance (-38,000) and arts, entertainment, and recreation (-19,000). The number of quits 
was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in March, little changed from February. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.2 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month 
for total private and for government. In March, layoffs and discharges rose in arts, entertainment, and 
recreation (+35,000) but fell in mining and logging (-6,000). The number of layoffs and discharges 
decreased in the South region. (See table 5.)

In March, other separations was little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The 
number of other separations decreased in retail trade (-22,000), nondurable goods manufacturing 
(-7,000), and information (-5,000). In the regions, the number of other separations increased in the 
Northeast and Midwest but decreased in the West. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in March, hires totaled 62.4 million and 
separations totaled 59.6 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.8 million. These totals include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for April 2016 are scheduled to be released 
on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	5,180	5,608	5,757	5,110	5,510	5,292	4,985	5,159	5,045
Total private	4,660	5,132	5,251	4,783	5,154	4,913	4,654	4,812	4,698
Mining and logging(1)	16	10	10	25	23	26	45	42	41
Construction(1)	177	201	210	314	341	344	335	325	334
Manufacturing	311	320	356	259	276	250	260	304	286
Durable goods(1)	197	169	176	150	163	144	152	187	171
Nondurable goods(1)	115	151	180	109	113	106	108	117	114
Trade, transportation, and utilities	877	1,026	946	1,117	1,182	1,088	1,082	1,052	1,028
Wholesale trade(1)	141	216	181	162	147	164	147	137	148
Retail trade	519	649	569	770	856	771	752	751	729
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)	217	161	196	185	178	152	183	164	150
Information(1)	107	87	71	79	80	72	83	70	68
Financial activities	265	351	341	199	234	220	177	219	192
Finance and insurance	197	261	270	142	164	139	129	156	118
Real estate and rental and leasing(1)	69	91	71	57	70	81	48	63	74
Professional and business services	1,062	1,101	1,225	1,056	1,110	1,058	1,021	1,072	1,025
Education and health services	877	1,047	1,037	590	651	622	543	552	550
Educational services(1)	89	113	77	76	101	80	69	86	71
Health care and social assistance	788	934	960	514	550	542	474	466	479
Leisure and hospitality	745	751	780	938	1,062	1,017	922	1,011	966
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	101	69	84	160	152	152	146	132	149
Accommodation and food services	644	682	696	778	909	865	776	879	817
Other services(1)	223	238	274	206	195	217	187	165	209
Government	520	475	506	328	357	379	331	348	347
Federal(1)	85	88	99	38	43	40	36	40	38
State and local	435	387	407	290	313	338	295	308	309
State and local education	141	147	145	132	152	175	152	167	169
State and local, excluding education(1)	294	240	262	158	161	163	144	141	141
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	3.5	3.8	3.9	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.5	3.6	3.5
Total private	3.8	4.1	4.1	4.0	4.2	4.0	3.9	4.0	3.9
Mining and logging(1)	1.9	1.3	1.3	3.0	3.2	3.6	5.3	5.8	5.6
Construction(1)	2.7	2.9	3.0	4.9	5.1	5.1	5.3	4.9	5.0
Manufacturing	2.5	2.5	2.8	2.1	2.2	2.0	2.1	2.5	2.3
Durable goods(1)	2.5	2.1	2.2	1.9	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.4	2.2
Nondurable goods(1)	2.5	3.2	3.8	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.2	3.6	3.4	4.2	4.3	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.8
Wholesale trade(1)	2.3	3.5	3.0	2.8	2.5	2.8	2.5	2.3	2.5
Retail trade	3.2	3.9	3.4	4.9	5.4	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)	3.9	2.9	3.5	3.5	3.3	2.8	3.4	3.0	2.8
Information(1)	3.8	3.1	2.5	2.9	2.9	2.6	3.0	2.5	2.5
Financial activities	3.2	4.1	4.0	2.5	2.8	2.7	2.2	2.7	2.3
Finance and insurance	3.2	4.1	4.2	2.4	2.7	2.3	2.2	2.6	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing(1)	3.2	4.1	3.2	2.7	3.3	3.8	2.3	3.0	3.5
Professional and business services	5.2	5.2	5.8	5.4	5.5	5.3	5.3	5.4	5.1
Education and health services	3.9	4.4	4.4	2.7	2.9	2.8	2.5	2.5	2.4
Educational services(1)	2.5	3.1	2.2	2.2	2.9	2.3	2.0	2.4	2.0
Health care and social assistance	4.1	4.7	4.8	2.8	2.9	2.8	2.6	2.5	2.5
Leisure and hospitality	4.7	4.6	4.8	6.3	6.9	6.6	6.1	6.6	6.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	4.5	3.0	3.6	7.5	6.9	6.8	6.8	6.0	6.7
Accommodation and food services	4.8	4.9	5.0	6.1	6.9	6.5	6.0	6.7	6.2
Other services(1)	3.8	4.0	4.6	3.7	3.4	3.8	3.3	2.9	3.7
Government	2.3	2.1	2.2	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.6
Federal(1)	3.0	3.1	3.5	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.4
State and local	2.2	2.0	2.1	1.5	1.6	1.8	1.5	1.6	1.6
State and local education	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.6
State and local, excluding education(1)	3.2	2.6	2.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.6	1.6	1.6
Footnotes (1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (p) Preliminary

Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	5,180	5,198	5,281	5,604	5,608	5,757	3.5	3.5	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,660	4,725	4,786	5,137	5,132	5,251	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.1	4.1	4.1
Mining and logging(3)	16	15	14	17	10	10	1.9	1.9	1.8	2.2	1.3	1.3
Construction(3)	177	101	124	157	201	210	2.7	1.5	1.8	2.3	2.9	3.0
Manufacturing	311	238	317	336	320	356	2.5	1.9	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.8
Durable goods(3)	197	138	174	183	169	176	2.5	1.8	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.2
Nondurable goods(3)	115	100	143	153	151	180	2.5	2.1	3.0	3.2	3.2	3.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	877	861	822	979	1,026	946	3.2	3.1	2.9	3.5	3.6	3.4
Wholesale trade(3)	141	128	137	199	216	181	2.3	2.1	2.3	3.3	3.5	3.0
Retail trade	519	527	538	602	649	569	3.2	3.2	3.3	3.7	3.9	3.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)	217	205	147	178	161	196	3.9	3.6	2.6	3.2	2.9	3.5
Information(3)	107	68	101	97	87	71	3.8	2.4	3.5	3.4	3.1	2.5
Financial activities	265	356	390	372	351	341	3.2	4.2	4.5	4.3	4.1	4.0
Finance and insurance	197	312	319	298	261	270	3.2	4.9	5.0	4.7	4.1	4.2
Real estate and rental and leasing(3)	69	44	71	74	91	71	3.2	2.0	3.3	3.4	4.1	3.2
Professional and business services	1,062	1,126	1,034	1,088	1,101	1,225	5.2	5.4	4.9	5.2	5.2	5.8
Education and health services	877	1,113	1,075	1,129	1,047	1,037	3.9	4.7	4.6	4.8	4.4	4.4
Educational services(3)	89	89	93	83	113	77	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.3	3.1	2.2
Health care and social assistance	788	1,023	982	1,046	934	960	4.1	5.2	4.9	5.2	4.7	4.8
Leisure and hospitality	745	732	710	745	751	780	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.6	4.6	4.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	101	64	62	68	69	84	4.5	2.8	2.7	3.0	3.0	3.6
Accommodation and food services	644	668	648	677	682	696	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.9	4.9	5.0
Other services(3)	223	116	199	217	238	274	3.8	2.0	3.4	3.7	4.0	4.6
Government	520	473	495	467	475	506	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2
Federal(3)	85	72	80	80	88	99	3.0	2.5	2.8	2.8	3.1	3.5
State and local	435	401	415	387	387	407	2.2	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.1
State and local education	141	160	171	152	147	145	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.4
State and local, excluding education(3)	294	241	245	235	240	262	3.2	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.8
REGION(4)
Northeast	848	897	887	900	895	890	3.1	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2
South	1,892	2,071	1,981	2,077	2,110	2,158	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.9	4.0
Midwest	1,206	1,121	1,100	1,311	1,283	1,314	3.7	3.4	3.3	3.9	3.8	3.9
West	1,234	1,109	1,313	1,316	1,319	1,394	3.7	3.3	3.9	3.9	3.9	4.1
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	5,110	5,253	5,401	5,125	5,510	5,292	3.6	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.8	3.7
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,783	4,904	5,042	4,789	5,154	4,913	4.0	4.1	4.2	3.9	4.2	4.0
Mining and logging	25	21	33	26	23	26	3.0	2.8	4.3	3.4	3.2	3.6
Construction	314	340	322	305	341	344	4.9	5.2	4.9	4.6	5.1	5.1
Manufacturing	259	278	274	274	276	250	2.1	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.0
Durable goods	150	153	163	168	163	144	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.2	2.1	1.9
Nondurable goods	109	126	112	106	113	106	2.4	2.7	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,117	1,085	1,087	1,062	1,182	1,088	4.2	4.0	4.0	3.9	4.3	4.0
Wholesale trade	162	134	128	137	147	164	2.8	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.5	2.8
Retail trade	770	766	760	765	856	771	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.8	5.4	4.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	185	186	199	161	178	152	3.5	3.4	3.7	3.0	3.3	2.8
Information	79	71	72	84	80	72	2.9	2.6	2.6	3.0	2.9	2.6
Financial activities	199	208	217	229	234	220	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.8	2.8	2.7
Finance and insurance	142	137	142	164	164	139	2.4	2.3	2.3	2.7	2.7	2.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	57	71	75	65	70	81	2.7	3.4	3.6	3.1	3.3	3.8
Professional and business services	1,056	1,056	1,175	1,080	1,110	1,058	5.4	5.3	5.9	5.4	5.5	5.3
Education and health services	590	661	641	579	651	622	2.7	3.0	2.9	2.6	2.9	2.8
Educational services	76	102	84	60	101	80	2.2	2.9	2.4	1.7	2.9	2.3
Health care and social assistance	514	559	557	519	550	542	2.8	3.0	2.9	2.7	2.9	2.8
Leisure and hospitality	938	992	1,024	967	1,062	1,017	6.3	6.5	6.7	6.3	6.9	6.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	160	131	151	157	152	152	7.5	5.9	6.9	7.1	6.9	6.8
Accommodation and food services	778	861	873	810	909	865	6.1	6.6	6.6	6.1	6.9	6.5
Other services	206	190	198	183	195	217	3.7	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.4	3.8
Government	328	349	359	335	357	379	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.7
Federal	38	45	45	41	43	40	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.5
State and local	290	304	314	295	313	338	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.8
State and local education	132	157	165	162	152	175	1.3	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.7
State and local, excluding education	158	148	149	133	161	163	1.8	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.8	1.8
REGION(3)
Northeast	795	851	827	795	850	824	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.1
South	1,996	1,985	2,109	1,851	2,083	2,082	3.9	3.8	4.0	3.5	4.0	4.0
Midwest	1,166	1,197	1,249	1,259	1,276	1,261	3.7	3.7	3.9	3.9	4.0	3.9
West	1,153	1,219	1,216	1,220	1,302	1,125	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.7	4.0	3.4
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	4,985	4,958	5,128	4,977	5,159	5,045	3.5	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.5
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,654	4,616	4,774	4,631	4,812	4,698	3.9	3.8	3.9	3.8	4.0	3.9
Mining and logging	45	35	45	43	42	41	5.3	4.6	5.9	5.7	5.8	5.6
Construction	335	292	283	279	325	334	5.3	4.5	4.3	4.2	4.9	5.0
Manufacturing	260	267	263	266	304	286	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.5	2.3
Durable goods	152	154	162	158	187	171	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.4	2.2
Nondurable goods	108	113	101	108	117	114	2.4	2.5	2.2	2.4	2.5	2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,082	1,040	1,074	1,052	1,052	1,028	4.0	3.8	4.0	3.9	3.9	3.8
Wholesale trade	147	127	133	142	137	148	2.5	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.5
Retail trade	752	744	762	725	751	729	4.8	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.7	4.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	183	169	178	185	164	150	3.4	3.1	3.3	3.4	3.0	2.8
Information	83	79	61	79	70	68	3.0	2.9	2.2	2.9	2.5	2.5
Financial activities	177	190	203	215	219	192	2.2	2.3	2.5	2.6	2.7	2.3
Finance and insurance	129	136	142	154	156	118	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.5	2.6	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	48	54	62	60	63	74	2.3	2.6	2.9	2.9	3.0	3.5
Professional and business services	1,021	1,020	1,095	1,053	1,072	1,025	5.3	5.1	5.5	5.3	5.4	5.1
Education and health services	543	600	578	557	552	550	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.4
Educational services	69	97	74	77	86	71	2.0	2.8	2.1	2.2	2.4	2.0
Health care and social assistance	474	503	504	480	466	479	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.5
Leisure and hospitality	922	939	1,003	907	1,011	966	6.1	6.1	6.5	5.9	6.6	6.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	146	130	141	157	132	149	6.8	5.9	6.5	7.2	6.0	6.7
Accommodation and food services	776	809	862	750	879	817	6.0	6.2	6.6	5.7	6.7	6.2
Other services	187	154	168	181	165	209	3.3	2.7	3.0	3.2	2.9	3.7
Government	331	342	354	346	348	347	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
Federal	36	42	40	41	40	38	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4
State and local	295	300	314	304	308	309	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
State and local education	152	160	161	168	167	169	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
State and local, excluding education	144	140	153	137	141	141	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.6
REGION(3)
Northeast	748	797	855	775	808	813	2.9	3.0	3.2	2.9	3.0	3.0
South	1,921	1,952	2,011	1,906	2,000	1,850	3.7	3.8	3.9	3.7	3.8	3.5
Midwest	1,159	1,112	1,105	1,114	1,181	1,250	3.7	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.7	3.9
West	1,157	1,098	1,156	1,182	1,170	1,133	3.6	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.5
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	2,722	2,862	3,088	2,851	2,955	2,980	1.9	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.1	2.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,561	2,705	2,922	2,684	2,793	2,808	2.2	2.2	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.3
Mining and logging	12	18	16	19	11	14	1.4	2.4	2.1	2.6	1.6	2.0
Construction	116	129	137	86	111	161	1.8	2.0	2.1	1.3	1.7	2.4
Manufacturing	127	145	133	147	154	143	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
Durable goods	72	74	80	83	89	79	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0
Nondurable goods	55	71	54	64	65	64	1.2	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	637	627	719	637	618	653	2.4	2.3	2.7	2.3	2.3	2.4
Wholesale trade	77	72	81	86	86	91	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.5
Retail trade	479	471	518	462	446	488	3.1	3.0	3.3	2.9	2.8	3.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	82	85	120	90	87	75	1.5	1.6	2.2	1.6	1.6	1.4
Information	48	42	35	38	38	40	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
Financial activities	89	86	122	111	130	101	1.1	1.0	1.5	1.3	1.6	1.2
Finance and insurance	68	62	87	81	93	55	1.1	1.0	1.4	1.3	1.5	0.9
Real estate and rental and leasing(3)	21	24	36	30	37	46	1.0	1.1	1.7	1.4	1.8	2.2
Professional and business services	478	522	614	550	577	551	2.5	2.6	3.1	2.8	2.9	2.7
Education and health services	362	408	385	343	379	390	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.5	1.7	1.7
Educational services	39	55	49	47	43	40	1.1	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.1
Health care and social assistance	322	353	336	296	335	350	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.6	1.8	1.8
Leisure and hospitality	600	636	671	636	683	654	4.0	4.2	4.4	4.1	4.4	4.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	43	53	60	64	77	58	2.0	2.4	2.7	2.9	3.5	2.6
Accommodation and food services	558	583	611	572	606	596	4.3	4.4	4.6	4.3	4.6	4.5
Other services(3)	91	91	89	117	91	101	1.6	1.6	1.6	2.1	1.6	1.8
Government	161	157	166	167	162	172	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8
Federal	12	14	13	13	14	13	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
State and local	149	143	153	154	149	158	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
State and local education	73	72	75	80	78	78	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8
State and local, excluding education	76	71	78	73	71	80	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9
REGION(4)
Northeast	375	400	445	401	415	406	1.4	1.5	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.5
South	1,127	1,137	1,286	1,179	1,167	1,167	2.2	2.2	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.2
Midwest	605	687	656	629	725	713	1.9	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.3	2.2
West	615	638	701	641	647	694	1.9	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.1
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	1,907	1,718	1,672	1,704	1,808	1,671	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,802	1,599	1,549	1,582	1,687	1,563	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.3
Mining and logging(3)	31	12	26	21	27	21	3.7	1.6	3.4	2.8	3.7	2.9
Construction	200	157	138	182	202	160	3.1	2.4	2.1	2.7	3.0	2.4
Manufacturing	108	101	104	97	121	116	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.0	0.9
Durable goods	65	64	65	61	83	73	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.1	0.9
Nondurable goods	43	37	39	35	38	43	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	354	302	266	312	320	274	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.0
Wholesale trade(3)	64	45	39	48	42	44	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8
Retail trade	204	189	177	194	211	169	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	85	69	50	71	67	61	1.6	1.3	0.9	1.3	1.2	1.1
Information	23	31	19	25	21	22	0.9	1.1	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.8
Financial activities	61	58	62	57	64	64	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8
Finance and insurance	39	32	38	37	41	43	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	23	26	24	20	23	21	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.0
Professional and business services	495	441	414	442	427	394	2.5	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.0
Education and health services	143	156	149	152	145	137	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.6
Educational services	28	37	22	27	40	29	0.8	1.1	0.6	0.8	1.2	0.8
Health care and social assistance	115	119	127	126	104	108	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	297	280	298	237	295	286	2.0	1.8	1.9	1.5	1.9	1.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	101	72	80	91	53	88	4.7	3.3	3.6	4.1	2.4	4.0
Accommodation and food services	197	208	219	146	243	198	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.1	1.8	1.5
Other services	88	59	72	56	66	91	1.6	1.0	1.3	1.0	1.2	1.6
Government	106	119	123	122	121	108	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5
Federal	13	11	10	15	8	6	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.2
State and local	93	108	113	108	113	102	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5
State and local education	55	62	61	65	68	67	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6
State and local, excluding education	38	46	52	43	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.4
REGION(4)
Northeast	300	329	324	299	346	340	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.3
South	679	647	601	576	669	535	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.0
Midwest	476	348	374	407	384	435	1.5	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.4
West	452	393	372	422	408	361	1.4	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.1
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	356	378	368	422	397	395	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private	291	311	303	365	332	327	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mining and logging	2	5	3	2	4	5	0.2	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.7
Construction(3)	19	6	8	11	13	14	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2
Manufacturing	24	20	26	22	29	27	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	14	15	17	13	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nondurable goods(3)	10	5	8	9	14	7	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	92	110	89	102	113	101	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4
Wholesale trade	6	10	14	8	9	13	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2
Retail trade	69	84	68	69	94	72	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)	17	15	8	24	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.3
Information(3)	11	5	7	16	11	6	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.4	0.2
Financial activities	27	46	19	47	25	28	0.3	0.6	0.2	0.6	0.3	0.3
Finance and insurance	22	42	17	36	22	21	0.4	0.7	0.3	0.6	0.4	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing(3)	5	4	2	11	3	7	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.5	0.1	0.3
Professional and business services	47	56	66	61	68	80	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4
Education and health services	38	36	44	61	29	24	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.1
Educational services(3)	2	5	4	3	2	2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance(3)	36	31	40	58	27	21	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	24	23	34	34	32	26	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)	2	5	2	3	2	2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services(3)	22	18	32	32	30	24	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other services(3)	8	4	7	8	8	17	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3
Government	65	66	65	56	65	68	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Federal	11	17	17	14	18	19	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.7
State and local	54	49	48	43	47	49	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
State and local education	24	26	25	22	22	23	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local, excluding education	30	23	23	20	24	26	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3
REGION(4)
Northeast	73	67	86	75	46	68	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
South	114	168	125	151	163	148	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3
Midwest	78	77	75	77	72	102	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
West	90	66	82	119	116	77	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.2
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	5,133	5,377	5,729	3.5	3.6	3.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,631	4,923	5,242	3.8	4.0	4.2
Mining and logging	16	10	10	1.9	1.4	1.4
Construction	177	201	210	2.8	3.1	3.2
Manufacturing	311	320	356	2.5	2.5	2.8
Durable goods	197	169	176	2.5	2.2	2.2
Nondurable goods	115	151	180	2.5	3.2	3.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	874	966	941	3.2	3.5	3.4
Wholesale trade	141	216	181	2.4	3.5	3.0
Retail trade	516	590	564	3.3	3.6	3.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	217	161	196	3.9	2.9	3.5
Information	107	87	71	3.8	3.1	2.5
Financial activities	262	318	334	3.2	3.8	3.9
Finance and insurance	193	228	264	3.1	3.6	4.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	69	91	71	3.2	4.2	3.3
Professional and business services	1,030	1,046	1,214	5.1	5.0	5.8
Education and health services	857	993	1,010	3.8	4.2	4.3
Educational services	89	113	77	2.4	3.0	2.1
Health care and social assistance	768	880	933	4.0	4.4	4.7
Leisure and hospitality	773	743	822	5.0	4.8	5.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	106	63	97	5.1	3.1	4.5
Accommodation and food services	667	680	724	5.0	5.0	5.3
Other services	223	238	274	3.8	4.1	4.6
Government	503	454	487	2.2	2.0	2.1
Federal	85	88	99	3.0	3.1	3.5
State and local	418	366	388	2.1	1.8	1.9
State and local education	124	126	126	1.1	1.2	1.2
State and local, excluding education	294	240	262	3.2	2.6	2.8
REGION(3)
Northeast	829	832	862	3.1	3.1	3.1
South	1,876	2,041	2,140	3.5	3.8	4.0
Midwest	1,206	1,235	1,328	3.7	3.7	4.0
West	1,222	1,269	1,399	3.7	3.8	4.1
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	4,825	4,541	4,965	3.4	3.2	3.5
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,575	4,282	4,681	3.9	3.6	3.9
Mining and logging	25	19	26	3.0	2.7	3.7
Construction	311	285	347	5.1	4.6	5.5
Manufacturing	254	242	243	2.1	2.0	2.0
Durable goods	151	147	144	1.9	1.9	1.9
Nondurable goods	103	96	99	2.3	2.1	2.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,072	905	1,032	4.1	3.4	3.8
Wholesale trade	162	128	170	2.8	2.2	2.9
Retail trade	748	649	737	4.9	4.2	4.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	162	129	125	3.1	2.4	2.3
Information	68	65	61	2.5	2.3	2.2
Financial activities	179	190	200	2.2	2.3	2.4
Finance and insurance	127	138	123	2.1	2.3	2.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	52	52	77	2.5	2.5	3.7
Professional and business services	1,019	984	1,013	5.3	5.0	5.1
Education and health services	518	551	541	2.4	2.4	2.4
Educational services	49	85	51	1.3	2.3	1.4
Health care and social assistance	469	467	490	2.6	2.5	2.6
Leisure and hospitality	938	875	1,012	6.4	5.9	6.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	155	100	150	7.8	5.0	7.3
Accommodation and food services	782	775	862	6.2	6.1	6.6
Other services	192	165	207	3.4	2.9	3.7
Government	250	259	284	1.1	1.2	1.3
Federal	37	33	39	1.4	1.2	1.4
State and local	213	226	245	1.1	1.2	1.2
State and local education	73	110	99	0.7	1.0	0.9
State and local, excluding education	140	116	146	1.6	1.3	1.6
REGION(3)
Northeast	739	632	756	2.8	2.4	2.8
South	1,906	1,795	1,982	3.7	3.5	3.8
Midwest	1,109	1,012	1,191	3.5	3.2	3.7
West	1,072	1,101	1,037	3.4	3.4	3.2
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	4,310	4,198	4,373	3.1	3.0	3.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,076	3,985	4,133	3.5	3.3	3.4
Mining and logging	44	40	40	5.1	5.5	5.6
Construction	277	273	280	4.6	4.4	4.4
Manufacturing	234	263	263	1.9	2.2	2.2
Durable goods	138	167	159	1.8	2.2	2.1
Nondurable goods	95	96	104	2.1	2.1	2.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	950	892	897	3.6	3.3	3.3
Wholesale trade	145	122	148	2.5	2.1	2.5
Retail trade	641	648	614	4.2	4.2	3.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	165	122	134	3.1	2.3	2.5
Information	78	58	64	2.9	2.1	2.3
Financial activities	162	171	182	2.0	2.1	2.2
Finance and insurance	121	114	114	2.0	1.9	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	42	57	68	2.0	2.8	3.3
Professional and business services	929	944	931	4.8	4.8	4.7
Education and health services	485	443	492	2.2	2.0	2.2
Educational services	45	47	44	1.2	1.3	1.2
Health care and social assistance	441	397	448	2.4	2.1	2.4
Leisure and hospitality	759	752	801	5.2	5.1	5.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	110	78	117	5.5	3.9	5.7
Accommodation and food services	649	674	685	5.1	5.3	5.3
Other services	159	148	184	2.8	2.6	3.3
Government	234	214	240	1.0	1.0	1.1
Federal	32	31	32	1.2	1.1	1.1
State and local	202	183	208	1.0	0.9	1.1
State and local education	83	81	91	0.8	0.8	0.8
State and local, excluding education	119	102	117	1.3	1.1	1.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	596	617	659	2.3	2.3	2.5
South	1,737	1,665	1,654	3.4	3.2	3.2
Midwest	953	948	1,061	3.0	3.0	3.3
West	1,023	969	999	3.2	3.0	3.1
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	2,451	2,428	2,680	1.7	1.7	1.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,326	2,312	2,546	2.0	1.9	2.1
Mining and logging	10	9	12	1.2	1.3	1.7
Construction	97	87	138	1.6	1.4	2.2
Manufacturing	121	123	136	1.0	1.0	1.1
Durable goods	70	71	77	0.9	0.9	1.0
Nondurable goods	51	52	59	1.1	1.1	1.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	572	514	589	2.2	1.9	2.2
Wholesale trade	75	74	91	1.3	1.3	1.5
Retail trade	417	372	428	2.7	2.4	2.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	80	68	70	1.5	1.3	1.3
Information	44	31	36	1.6	1.1	1.3
Financial activities	88	108	99	1.1	1.3	1.2
Finance and insurance	67	71	54	1.1	1.2	0.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	21	37	46	1.0	1.8	2.2
Professional and business services	452	499	510	2.3	2.5	2.6
Education and health services	330	319	359	1.5	1.4	1.6
Educational services	29	28	28	0.8	0.8	0.7
Health care and social assistance	302	292	331	1.6	1.5	1.7
Leisure and hospitality	521	531	565	3.6	3.6	3.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	32	51	43	1.6	2.6	2.1
Accommodation and food services	489	480	522	3.9	3.8	4.0
Other services	91	91	101	1.6	1.6	1.8
Government	124	116	134	0.6	0.5	0.6
Federal	10	11	12	0.4	0.4	0.4
State and local	114	105	122	0.6	0.5	0.6
State and local education	47	47	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
State and local, excluding education	67	58	72	0.8	0.7	0.8
REGION(3)
Northeast	319	331	343	1.2	1.3	1.3
South	1,043	971	1,071	2.0	1.9	2.1
Midwest	528	585	631	1.7	1.8	2.0
West	561	542	635	1.8	1.7	2.0
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	1,543	1,406	1,330	1.1	1.0	0.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,482	1,352	1,275	1.3	1.1	1.1
Mining and logging	31	27	21	3.7	3.7	3.0
Construction	160	173	128	2.6	2.8	2.0
Manufacturing	89	113	100	0.7	0.9	0.8
Durable goods	55	83	63	0.7	1.1	0.8
Nondurable goods	35	30	37	0.8	0.7	0.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	301	266	227	1.1	1.0	0.8
Wholesale trade	64	42	44	1.1	0.7	0.8
Retail trade	169	181	133	1.1	1.2	0.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	68	43	49	1.3	0.8	0.9
Information	23	17	21	0.8	0.6	0.8
Financial activities	54	46	62	0.7	0.6	0.8
Finance and insurance	38	29	46	0.6	0.5	0.8
Real estate and rental and leasing	16	17	15	0.8	0.8	0.7
Professional and business services	432	378	331	2.2	1.9	1.7
Education and health services	117	95	109	0.5	0.4	0.5
Educational services	14	17	14	0.4	0.5	0.4
Health care and social assistance	103	79	95	0.6	0.4	0.5
Leisure and hospitality	213	188	210	1.5	1.3	1.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	75	25	71	3.8	1.3	3.4
Accommodation and food services	138	163	139	1.1	1.3	1.1
Other services	60	49	66	1.1	0.9	1.2
Government	61	53	56	0.3	0.2	0.2
Federal	12	4	5	0.5	0.2	0.2
State and local	49	49	51	0.2	0.2	0.3
State and local education	24	25	29	0.2	0.2	0.3
State and local, excluding education	25	24	21	0.3	0.3	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	210	243	251	0.8	0.9	0.9
South	600	540	461	1.2	1.0	0.9
Midwest	360	299	337	1.1	0.9	1.1
West	372	324	281	1.2	1.0	0.9
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)	Mar. 2015	Feb. 2016	Mar. 2016(p)
Total	316	364	362	0.2	0.3	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private	268	320	312	0.2	0.3	0.3
Mining and logging	2	3	6	0.2	0.5	0.9
Construction	19	13	14	0.3	0.2	0.2
Manufacturing	24	27	27	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	14	13	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nondurable goods	10	14	7	0.2	0.3	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	78	112	81	0.3	0.4	0.3
Wholesale trade	5	6	13	0.1	0.1	0.2
Retail trade	56	95	53	0.4	0.6	0.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	17	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Information	11	11	6	0.4	0.4	0.2
Financial activities	20	18	21	0.2	0.2	0.3
Finance and insurance	15	14	14	0.3	0.2	0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	5	3	7	0.2	0.2	0.3
Professional and business services	45	68	90	0.2	0.3	0.5
Education and health services	38	29	24	0.2	0.1	0.1
Educational services	2	2	2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance	36	27	21	0.2	0.1	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	24	32	26	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2	2	2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services	22	30	24	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other services	8	8	17	0.1	0.1	0.3
Government	48	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Federal	9	15	15	0.3	0.5	0.5
State and local	39	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local education	12	9	12	0.1	0.1	0.1
State and local, excluding education	27	20	23	0.3	0.2	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	67	43	64	0.3	0.2	0.2
South	94	154	123	0.2	0.3	0.2
Midwest	66	64	92	0.2	0.2	0.3
West	90	103	83	0.3	0.3	0.3
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.