Table 3. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, seasonally adjusted
Gross job gains and job losses Gross job gains and job losses
(in thousands) as a percent of employment
Category 3 months ended 3 months ended
Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar.
2024 2024 2024 2024 2025 2024 2024 2024 2024 2025
Total private(1)
Gross job gains 7,748 7,639 7,665 7,802 7,448 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.6
At expanding establishments 6,217 6,078 6,101 6,142 5,859 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.4
At opening establishments 1,531 1,561 1,564 1,660 1,589 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2
Gross job losses 7,183 7,716 7,607 7,496 7,238 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.4
At contracting establishments 5,775 6,183 6,065 5,964 5,850 4.4 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.4
At closing establishments 1,408 1,533 1,542 1,532 1,388 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0
Net employment change 565 -77 58 306 210 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2
Goods-producing
Gross job gains 1,389 1,260 1,242 1,258 1,282 6.1 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.6
At expanding establishments 1,171 1,062 1,026 1,044 1,069 5.1 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.7
At opening establishments 218 198 216 214 213 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9
Gross job losses 1,247 1,333 1,316 1,319 1,241 5.4 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.5
At contracting establishments 1,037 1,107 1,089 1,099 1,043 4.5 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.6
At closing establishments 210 226 227 220 198 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9
Net employment change 142 -73 -74 -61 41 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.1
Natural resources and mining
Gross job gains 236 219 225 197 214 12.7 11.9 12.4 10.8 11.7
At expanding establishments 207 192 193 169 184 11.1 10.4 10.6 9.3 10.1
At opening establishments 29 27 32 28 30 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.6
Gross job losses 229 211 207 248 227 12.3 11.4 11.4 13.6 12.4
At contracting establishments 198 183 178 219 199 10.6 9.9 9.8 12.0 10.9
At closing establishments 31 28 29 29 28 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5
Net employment change 7 8 18 -51 -13 0.4 0.5 1.0 -2.8 -0.7
Construction
Gross job gains 740 642 643 678 699 9.0 7.8 8.0 8.3 8.4
At expanding establishments 598 517 507 539 560 7.3 6.3 6.3 6.6 6.7
At opening establishments 142 125 136 139 139 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7
Gross job losses 603 689 656 633 608 7.4 8.4 8.1 7.8 7.4
At contracting establishments 475 548 517 497 486 5.8 6.7 6.4 6.1 5.9
At closing establishments 128 141 139 136 122 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5
Net employment change 137 -47 -13 45 91 1.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.5 1.0
Manufacturing
Gross job gains 413 399 374 383 369 3.3 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.9
At expanding establishments 366 353 326 336 325 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.6
At opening establishments 47 46 48 47 44 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3
Gross job losses 415 433 453 438 406 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.4 3.2
At contracting establishments 364 376 394 383 358 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.8
At closing establishments 51 57 59 55 48 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4
Net employment change -2 -34 -79 -55 -37 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3
Service-providing(1)
Gross job gains 6,359 6,379 6,423 6,544 6,166 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.5
At expanding establishments 5,046 5,016 5,075 5,098 4,790 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.3
At opening establishments 1,313 1,363 1,348 1,446 1,376 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2
Gross job losses 5,936 6,383 6,291 6,177 5,997 5.4 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.5
At contracting establishments 4,738 5,076 4,976 4,865 4,807 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4
At closing establishments 1,198 1,307 1,315 1,312 1,190 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1
Net employment change 423 -4 132 367 169 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains 268 261 258 251 255 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2
At expanding establishments 217 210 208 199 207 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4
At opening establishments 51 51 50 52 48 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8
Gross job losses 256 270 265 264 254 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.2
At contracting establishments 198 210 204 206 200 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.3
At closing establishments 58 60 61 58 54 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9
Net employment change 12 -9 -7 -13 1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.0
Retail trade
Gross job gains 836 810 813 745 841 5.4 5.2 5.2 4.8 5.4
At expanding establishments 718 692 697 633 731 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.7
At opening establishments 118 118 116 112 110 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7
Gross job losses 734 875 858 879 707 4.7 5.6 5.5 5.7 4.6
At contracting establishments 623 749 744 750 602 4.0 4.8 4.8 4.9 3.9
At closing establishments 111 126 114 129 105 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7
Net employment change 102 -65 -45 -134 134 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.9 0.8
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains 281 295 353 477 342 4.3 4.6 5.4 7.3 5.1
At expanding establishments 238 250 299 425 220 3.6 3.9 4.6 6.5 3.3
At opening establishments 43 45 54 52 122 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.8
Gross job losses 451 337 296 281 428 6.9 5.3 4.6 4.3 6.5
At contracting establishments 405 287 245 228 384 6.2 4.5 3.8 3.5 5.8
At closing establishments 46 50 51 53 44 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7
Net employment change -170 -42 57 196 -86 -2.6 -0.7 0.8 3.0 -1.4
Utilities
Gross job gains 15 16 15 18 16 2.5 2.7 2.5 3.0 2.6
At expanding establishments 13 13 13 15 14 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.3
At opening establishments 2 3 2 3 2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3
Gross job losses 13 16 13 13 13 2.2 2.7 2.2 2.2 2.1
At contracting establishments 11 14 11 11 11 1.9 2.4 1.9 1.9 1.8
At closing establishments 2 2 2 2 2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Net employment change 2 0 2 5 3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.8 0.5
Information
Gross job gains 151 134 143 139 123 5.2 4.6 4.9 4.8 4.2
At expanding establishments 123 103 111 107 96 4.2 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.3
At opening establishments 28 31 32 32 27 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9
Gross job losses 141 174 152 166 156 4.8 6.0 5.3 5.7 5.5
At contracting establishments 112 137 118 128 128 3.8 4.7 4.1 4.4 4.5
At closing establishments 29 37 34 38 28 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0
Net employment change 10 -40 -9 -27 -33 0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.9 -1.3
Financial activities
Gross job gains 375 401 398 391 371 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.2
At expanding establishments 290 306 305 282 289 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.3
At opening establishments 85 95 93 109 82 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.9
Gross job losses 391 389 402 392 367 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.2
At contracting establishments 292 282 304 287 269 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.1
At closing establishments 99 107 98 105 98 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1
Net employment change -16 12 -4 -1 4 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
Professional and business services
Gross job gains 1,421 1,466 1,473 1,434 1,340 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.0
At expanding establishments 1,116 1,132 1,148 1,089 1,051 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.8 4.7
At opening establishments 305 334 325 345 289 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.3
Gross job losses 1,375 1,513 1,488 1,536 1,359 6.1 6.7 6.6 6.9 6.1
At contracting establishments 1,067 1,192 1,141 1,186 1,055 4.7 5.3 5.1 5.3 4.7
At closing establishments 308 321 347 350 304 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.4
Net employment change 46 -47 -15 -102 -19 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1
Education and health services
Gross job gains 1,234 1,232 1,247 1,247 1,169 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.5
At expanding establishments 993 978 1,012 966 933 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.8 3.6
At opening establishments 241 254 235 281 236 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9
Gross job losses 928 1,063 1,001 1,044 983 3.7 4.2 3.9 4.1 3.8
At contracting establishments 718 817 773 797 771 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.0
At closing establishments 210 246 228 247 212 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8
Net employment change 306 169 246 203 186 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.7
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains 1,394 1,378 1,344 1,476 1,302 8.3 8.2 8.1 8.8 7.7
At expanding establishments 1,079 1,071 1,025 1,141 1,000 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.8 5.9
At opening establishments 315 307 319 335 302 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.8
Gross job losses 1,312 1,404 1,474 1,262 1,400 7.8 8.4 8.9 7.5 8.3
At contracting establishments 1,074 1,144 1,192 1,027 1,148 6.4 6.8 7.2 6.1 6.8
At closing establishments 238 260 282 235 252 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.5
Net employment change 82 -26 -130 214 -98 0.5 -0.2 -0.8 1.3 -0.6
Other services
Gross job gains 326 329 319 308 302 7.3 7.4 7.1 6.9 6.8
At expanding establishments 250 251 246 231 232 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.2 5.2
At opening establishments 76 78 73 77 70 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6
Gross job losses 302 313 312 311 300 6.8 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.7
At contracting establishments 230 236 236 237 229 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1
At closing establishments 72 77 76 74 71 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6
Net employment change 24 16 7 -3 2 0.5 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.1
(1) Includes unclassified sector, not shown separately.
United States Department of Labor
