State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, April 17, 2024	USDL-24-0700
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			 STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – FEBRUARY 2024

Job openings rates decreased in 4 states and the District of Columbia and increased in 3 states on the last 
business day of February, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates increased in 5 
states and decreased in 2 states. Total separations rates increased in 5 states and decreased in 2 states. 
Nationally, the job openings, hires, and total separations rates showed little or no change in February. 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In February, job openings rates decreased in 4 states and the District of Columbia, increased in 3 states, 
and were little changed in 43 states. The largest decreases in job openings rates occurred in Oregon  
(-1.2 percentage points) and in the District of Columbia and West Virginia (-1.0 point each). The 
increases occurred in Arizona (+1.0 point) and in Hawaii and Rhode Island (+0.9 point each). Over the 
month, the national job openings rate was unchanged. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings decreased in 6 states and the District of Columbia, increased in 4 states, 
and was little changed in 40 states in February. The largest decreases in the job openings level occurred 
in Oregon (-28,000), Ohio (-24,000), and Maryland (-18,000). The largest increases occurred in Arizona 
(+37,000), Indiana (+18,000), and Hawaii (+6,000). Nationally, the number of job openings changed 
little. (See table 1.)

Hires

In February, hires rates increased in 5 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed in 43 states 
and the District of Columbia. The increases in the hires rate occurred in Tennessee (+1.0 percentage 
point) and Maine (+0.9 point), as well as in Florida, Missouri, and Ohio (+0.6 point each). The decreases 
occurred in South Carolina (-0.7 point) and Pennsylvania (-0.5 point). The national hires rate changed 
little over the month. (See table 2.)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|			    Upcoming Revisions to the JOLTS State Estimates				|							
|													|
|Effective with the release of May 2024 data on July 24, 2024, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover 	|
|Survey (JOLTS) state estimates will be benchmarked and revised to include the annual benchmark 	|
|revisions to JOLTS national estimates, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment 		|
|estimates, and the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) data. Seasonally adjusted 		|
|and not seasonally adjusted data from January 2019 forward are subject to revision. In addition, 2023 	|
|annual estimates for states will be released at this time.						|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________________|


The number of hires increased in 6 states, decreased in 3 states, and was little changed in 41 states and 
the District of Columbia in February. The largest increases in the hires level occurred in Florida 
(+56,000), Tennessee (+35,000), and Ohio (+32,000). The decreases occurred in New York 
(-34,000), Pennsylvania (-31,000), and South Carolina (-16,000). Nationally, the number of hires 
changed little over the month. (See table 2.)

Total Separations

In February, total separations rates increased in 5 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed 
in 43 states and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in total separations rates occurred in 
Minnesota (+1.3 percentage points), Maine (+1.0 point), and Alaska (+0.9 point). The decreases 
occurred in Nebraska (-0.8 point) and New Jersey (-0.6 point). Over the month, the national total 
separations rate was unchanged. (See table 3.)

The number of total separations increased in 9 states, decreased in 3 states, and was little changed in 
38 states and the District of Columbia in February. The largest increases in the total separations level 
occurred in Minnesota (+40,000), Tennessee (+27,000), and Ohio (+26,000). The decreases occurred in 
New Jersey (-25,000), Kansas (-9,000), and Nebraska (-8,000). Nationally, the number of total 
separations changed little over the month. (See table 3.)
 
Quits

In February, quits rates increased in 3 states, decreased in 1 state, and were little changed in 46 states 
and the District of Columbia. The increases in quits rates occurred in Missouri (+0.8 percentage point), 
Nevada (+0.7 point), and Florida (+0.4 point). The decrease occurred in West Virginia (-0.6 point).  
Over the month, the national quits rate was unchanged. (See table 4.)

The number of quits increased in 4 states, decreased in 2 states, and was little changed in 44 states and 
the District of Columbia in February. The largest increases in the quits level occurred in Florida  
(+35,000), Missouri (+25,000), and Nevada (+10,000). The decreases occurred in Colorado (-13,000) 
and West Virginia (-4,000). Nationally, the number of quits was little changed. (See table 4.)

Layoffs and Discharges 

In February, layoffs and discharges rates increased in 7 states, decreased in 1 state, and were little 
changed in 42 states and the District of Columbia. The largest increases occurred in Minnesota
(+1.3 percentage points), Maine (+1.1 points), and Tennessee (+0.7 point). The decrease occurred in 
New Jersey (-0.4 point). Over the month, the national layoffs and discharges rate changed little. 
(See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges increased in 8 states, decreased in 1 state, and was little changed 
in 41 states and the District of Columbia in February. The largest increases in the layoffs and discharges 
level occurred in Texas (+57,000), Minnesota (+38,000), and Tennessee (+22,000). The decrease 
occurred in New Jersey (-19,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed. 
(See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  

_____________	
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for March 2024 are scheduled to be 
released on Friday, May 17, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component ofthe Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,849	8,931	8,889	8,748	8,756	8	6.0	5.4	5.3	5.3	5.3	0.0
Alabama	142	119	135	131	127	-4	6.2	5.2	5.8	5.7	5.5	-0.2
Alaska	27	26	25	24	26	2	7.7	7.3	7.0	6.7	7.2	0.5
Arizona	190	184	167	141	178	37	5.7	5.5	4.9	4.2	5.2	1.0
Arkansas	98	81	78	74	75	1	6.8	5.6	5.4	5.2	5.2	0.0
California	980	751	871	773	806	33	5.2	4.0	4.6	4.1	4.3	0.2
Colorado	241	224	217	195	200	5	7.7	7.1	6.8	6.2	6.3	0.1
Connecticut	95	88	93	89	86	-3	5.3	4.9	5.2	5.0	4.8	-0.2
Delaware	36	30	30	35	33	-2	7.0	5.8	5.8	6.7	6.3	-0.4
District of Columbia	39	40	41	46	37	-9	4.8	4.9	5.1	5.6	4.6	-1.0
Florida	634	548	522	537	557	20	6.1	5.3	5.0	5.1	5.3	0.2
Georgia	436	302	288	281	290	9	8.2	5.7	5.5	5.4	5.5	0.1
Hawaii	35	29	28	25	31	6	5.2	4.4	4.2	3.8	4.7	0.9
Idaho	54	52	51	50	51	1	6.0	5.7	5.6	5.5	5.6	0.1
Illinois	411	412	363	367	386	19	6.3	6.3	5.6	5.7	5.9	0.2
Indiana	169	161	157	160	178	18	5.0	4.7	4.6	4.7	5.2	0.5
Iowa	99	89	91	93	83	-10	5.9	5.3	5.4	5.5	4.9	-0.6
Kansas	90	87	85	80	84	4	5.9	5.6	5.5	5.2	5.5	0.3
Kentucky	133	116	118	116	114	-2	6.3	5.4	5.5	5.4	5.3	-0.1
Louisiana	151	117	124	121	127	6	7.2	5.6	6.0	5.8	6.1	0.3
Maine	44	44	39	45	39	-6	6.4	6.3	5.6	6.4	5.6	-0.8
Maryland	199	177	169	206	188	-18	6.8	6.0	5.8	7.0	6.4	-0.6
Massachusetts	259	228	232	218	222	4	6.5	5.7	5.9	5.5	5.6	0.1
Michigan	261	263	285	248	237	-11	5.6	5.6	6.0	5.3	5.0	-0.3
Minnesota	192	209	198	182	175	-7	6.0	6.5	6.2	5.7	5.5	-0.2
Mississippi	83	80	75	73	74	1	6.6	6.4	6.0	5.8	5.9	0.1
Missouri	198	174	166	196	180	-16	6.3	5.5	5.2	6.1	5.6	-0.5
Montana	39	35	36	36	38	2	7.0	6.3	6.4	6.4	6.7	0.3
Nebraska	65	61	58	56	59	3	5.9	5.5	5.2	5.0	5.3	0.3
Nevada	105	85	84	83	85	2	6.4	5.1	5.1	5.0	5.1	0.1
New Hampshire	47	40	39	41	39	-2	6.3	5.4	5.2	5.5	5.2	-0.3
New Jersey	268	224	221	207	211	4	5.8	4.9	4.8	4.5	4.6	0.1
New Mexico	63	57	56	55	60	5	6.8	6.1	6.0	5.9	6.4	0.5
New York	429	467	474	517	501	-16	4.2	4.6	4.6	5.0	4.9	-0.1
North Carolina	370	294	288	288	284	-4	7.0	5.6	5.5	5.5	5.4	-0.1
North Dakota	27	29	26	26	27	1	5.9	6.2	5.6	5.6	5.8	0.2
Ohio	309	323	328	327	303	-24	5.2	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.1	-0.4
Oklahoma	123	109	108	115	118	3	6.6	5.9	5.8	6.1	6.2	0.1
Oregon	126	103	102	142	114	-28	6.0	4.9	4.9	6.7	5.5	-1.2
Pennsylvania	421	381	365	365	379	14	6.5	5.8	5.6	5.6	5.8	0.2
Rhode Island	33	30	31	28	33	5	6.2	5.7	5.7	5.2	6.1	0.9
South Carolina	175	166	160	169	162	-7	7.1	6.7	6.4	6.7	6.4	-0.3
South Dakota	29	29	28	27	29	2	5.9	5.8	5.6	5.5	5.8	0.3
Tennessee	255	207	212	200	184	-16	7.2	5.9	6.0	5.7	5.3	-0.4
Texas	880	854	843	780	749	-31	6.0	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.0	-0.3
Utah	104	85	89	89	97	8	5.7	4.7	4.9	4.9	5.3	0.4
Vermont	21	19	17	18	17	-1	6.4	5.8	5.2	5.5	5.2	-0.3
Virginia	329	254	263	269	267	-2	7.4	5.7	5.9	6.0	6.0	0.0
Washington	203	168	165	175	183	8	5.3	4.4	4.3	4.6	4.8	0.2
West Virginia	56	52	50	52	44	-8	7.4	6.8	6.5	6.7	5.7	-1.0
Wisconsin	182	205	178	160	171	11	5.7	6.4	5.6	5.0	5.3	0.3
Wyoming	20	18	19	18	18	0	6.5	5.7	6.1	5.8	5.8	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,058	5,569	5,787	5,698	5,818	120	3.9	3.5	3.7	3.6	3.7	0.1
Alabama	99	83	101	91	94	3	4.6	3.8	4.6	4.2	4.3	0.1
Alaska	20	19	18	19	20	1	6.1	5.8	5.4	5.7	6.0	0.3
Arizona	138	115	131	126	125	-1	4.4	3.6	4.1	3.9	3.9	0.0
Arkansas	64	59	64	57	59	2	4.7	4.3	4.7	4.2	4.3	0.1
California	592	457	533	501	527	26	3.3	2.5	3.0	2.8	2.9	0.1
Colorado	125	129	132	114	110	-4	4.3	4.4	4.5	3.8	3.7	-0.1
Connecticut	55	55	63	63	63	0	3.3	3.2	3.7	3.7	3.7	0.0
Delaware	25	23	25	26	24	-2	5.2	4.7	5.1	5.3	4.9	-0.4
District of Columbia	25	24	25	24	25	1	3.2	3.1	3.3	3.1	3.2	0.1
Florida	372	400	466	375	431	56	3.8	4.1	4.7	3.8	4.4	0.6
Georgia	239	213	189	212	211	-1	4.9	4.3	3.8	4.3	4.3	0.0
Hawaii	23	17	20	18	22	4	3.6	2.7	3.2	2.8	3.5	0.7
Idaho	38	36	37	41	37	-4	4.5	4.2	4.3	4.8	4.3	-0.5
Illinois	252	226	217	213	188	-25	4.1	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.1	-0.4
Indiana	146	123	112	117	111	-6	4.5	3.7	3.4	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Iowa	61	55	48	60	54	-6	3.8	3.5	3.0	3.8	3.4	-0.4
Kansas	59	52	52	51	50	-1	4.1	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Kentucky	103	74	103	91	88	-3	5.2	3.7	5.1	4.5	4.3	-0.2
Louisiana	104	90	94	92	96	4	5.3	4.6	4.8	4.7	4.9	0.2
Maine	25	24	23	23	29	6	3.9	3.7	3.5	3.5	4.4	0.9
Maryland	113	111	121	108	106	-2	4.1	4.0	4.4	3.9	3.9	0.0
Massachusetts	128	104	107	102	115	13	3.4	2.7	2.9	2.7	3.1	0.4
Michigan	161	155	145	146	154	8	3.6	3.5	3.2	3.3	3.4	0.1
Minnesota	107	112	106	116	106	-10	3.6	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.5	-0.4
Mississippi	57	50	57	52	49	-3	4.8	4.3	4.8	4.4	4.1	-0.3
Missouri	107	100	92	100	118	18	3.6	3.3	3.1	3.3	3.9	0.6
Montana	29	23	27	28	27	-1	5.6	4.4	5.1	5.3	5.1	-0.2
Nebraska	48	38	35	38	37	-1	4.6	3.6	3.3	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Nevada	64	55	66	60	65	5	4.2	3.5	4.2	3.8	4.1	0.3
New Hampshire	28	28	26	27	29	2	4.0	4.0	3.7	3.8	4.1	0.3
New Jersey	154	164	145	146	159	13	3.6	3.8	3.3	3.3	3.6	0.3
New Mexico	37	32	31	36	32	-4	4.3	3.7	3.5	4.1	3.6	-0.5
New York	310	295	285	277	243	-34	3.2	3.0	2.9	2.8	2.5	-0.3
North Carolina	219	164	177	197	203	6	4.5	3.3	3.6	4.0	4.1	0.1
North Dakota	18	18	16	18	17	-1	4.2	4.1	3.6	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Ohio	201	180	191	193	225	32	3.6	3.2	3.4	3.4	4.0	0.6
Oklahoma	81	76	83	80	84	4	4.7	4.4	4.7	4.5	4.7	0.2
Oregon	82	67	68	87	77	-10	4.1	3.4	3.4	4.4	3.9	-0.5
Pennsylvania	182	196	171	227	196	-31	3.0	3.2	2.8	3.7	3.2	-0.5
Rhode Island	21	20	20	19	23	4	4.2	4.0	3.9	3.7	4.5	0.8
South Carolina	111	94	111	121	105	-16	4.9	4.0	4.8	5.2	4.5	-0.7
South Dakota	20	19	18	20	20	0	4.3	4.1	3.8	4.3	4.3	0.0
Tennessee	145	130	155	139	174	35	4.4	3.9	4.7	4.2	5.2	1.0
Texas	610	555	586	526	574	48	4.4	3.9	4.2	3.7	4.1	0.4
Utah	71	65	65	64	64	0	4.1	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.7	0.0
Vermont	12	13	12	12	12	0	3.9	4.2	3.9	3.8	3.8	0.0
Virginia	177	161	165	169	177	8	4.3	3.9	3.9	4.0	4.2	0.2
Washington	133	107	110	120	117	-3	3.7	2.9	3.0	3.3	3.2	-0.1
West Virginia	35	30	35	38	36	-2	5.0	4.2	4.9	5.3	5.0	-0.3
Wisconsin	111	103	95	105	96	-9	3.7	3.4	3.1	3.5	3.2	-0.3
Wyoming	15	13	13	14	14	0	5.2	4.4	4.4	4.8	4.8	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,833	5,413	5,419	5,449	5,559	110	3.8	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.5	0.0
Alabama	96	85	77	82	95	13	4.5	3.9	3.5	3.8	4.3	0.5
Alaska	19	17	21	17	20	3	5.8	5.2	6.3	5.1	6.0	0.9
Arizona	128	132	133	120	117	-3	4.1	4.2	4.1	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Arkansas	62	56	54	51	57	6	4.6	4.1	4.0	3.8	4.2	0.4
California	592	513	542	506	491	-15	3.3	2.8	3.0	2.8	2.7	-0.1
Colorado	120	117	104	128	114	-14	4.1	4.0	3.5	4.3	3.8	-0.5
Connecticut	51	51	58	53	59	6	3.0	3.0	3.4	3.1	3.5	0.4
Delaware	25	21	20	24	23	-1	5.2	4.3	4.1	4.9	4.7	-0.2
District of Columbia	30	24	22	23	22	-1	3.9	3.1	2.9	3.0	2.9	-0.1
Florida	422	385	376	392	409	17	4.4	3.9	3.8	4.0	4.1	0.1
Georgia	246	185	191	191	178	-13	5.0	3.7	3.9	3.9	3.6	-0.3
Hawaii	21	19	20	19	21	2	3.3	3.0	3.2	3.0	3.3	0.3
Idaho	39	42	39	41	43	2	4.6	4.9	4.6	4.8	5.0	0.2
Illinois	207	172	204	189	178	-11	3.4	2.8	3.3	3.1	2.9	-0.2
Indiana	140	132	127	123	117	-6	4.3	4.0	3.9	3.8	3.6	-0.2
Iowa	60	57	53	65	58	-7	3.8	3.6	3.3	4.1	3.6	-0.5
Kansas	54	52	53	58	49	-9	3.7	3.6	3.7	4.0	3.4	-0.6
Kentucky	93	76	71	79	79	0	4.7	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.9	0.0
Louisiana	103	81	84	88	86	-2	5.3	4.1	4.3	4.5	4.4	-0.1
Maine	25	27	24	24	31	7	3.9	4.1	3.7	3.7	4.7	1.0
Maryland	129	89	92	99	106	7	4.7	3.2	3.4	3.6	3.9	0.3
Massachusetts	105	102	102	96	108	12	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.6	2.9	0.3
Michigan	132	161	133	141	140	-1	3.0	3.6	3.0	3.2	3.1	-0.1
Minnesota	98	106	95	95	135	40	3.3	3.5	3.2	3.2	4.5	1.3
Mississippi	53	48	52	51	49	-2	4.5	4.1	4.4	4.3	4.1	-0.2
Missouri	101	98	102	95	113	18	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.2	3.8	0.6
Montana	28	28	27	27	29	2	5.4	5.4	5.1	5.1	5.5	0.4
Nebraska	34	38	38	45	37	-8	3.3	3.6	3.6	4.3	3.5	-0.8
Nevada	65	62	63	59	72	13	4.2	3.9	4.0	3.8	4.6	0.8
New Hampshire	25	24	24	27	32	5	3.6	3.4	3.4	3.8	4.5	0.7
New Jersey	128	140	134	149	124	-25	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.4	2.8	-0.6
New Mexico	36	34	31	35	32	-3	4.2	3.9	3.5	4.0	3.6	-0.4
New York	265	291	277	274	260	-14	2.7	3.0	2.8	2.8	2.7	-0.1
North Carolina	197	167	181	180	174	-6	4.0	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.5	-0.1
North Dakota	17	19	19	18	18	0	3.9	4.3	4.3	4.1	4.1	0.0
Ohio	199	188	187	173	199	26	3.6	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.5	0.4
Oklahoma	84	63	64	72	70	-2	4.9	3.6	3.6	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Oregon	79	76	63	84	82	-2	4.0	3.8	3.2	4.3	4.2	-0.1
Pennsylvania	170	190	178	177	189	12	2.8	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.1	0.2
Rhode Island	18	19	20	19	22	3	3.6	3.8	3.9	3.7	4.3	0.6
South Carolina	100	81	98	106	104	-2	4.4	3.5	4.2	4.5	4.4	-0.1
South Dakota	18	23	19	21	19	-2	3.9	4.9	4.0	4.5	4.1	-0.4
Tennessee	148	131	139	116	143	27	4.5	4.0	4.2	3.5	4.3	0.8
Texas	569	478	513	506	542	36	4.1	3.4	3.7	3.6	3.8	0.2
Utah	66	73	77	71	75	4	3.9	4.2	4.4	4.1	4.3	0.2
Vermont	12	12	13	12	13	1	3.9	3.9	4.2	3.8	4.2	0.4
Virginia	153	141	147	155	152	-3	3.7	3.4	3.5	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Washington	127	117	108	112	115	3	3.5	3.2	3.0	3.1	3.2	0.1
West Virginia	37	29	33	33	29	-4	5.3	4.1	4.6	4.6	4.0	-0.6
Wisconsin	97	110	102	113	116	3	3.2	3.6	3.4	3.7	3.8	0.1
Wyoming	15	15	15	14	15	1	5.2	5.1	5.1	4.8	5.1	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,964	3,516	3,439	3,446	3,484	38	2.6	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	0.0
Alabama	72	54	56	58	50	-8	3.4	2.5	2.6	2.7	2.3	-0.4
Alaska	12	11	13	11	13	2	3.7	3.4	3.9	3.3	3.9	0.6
Arizona	88	82	78	76	77	1	2.8	2.6	2.4	2.3	2.4	0.1
Arkansas	45	38	36	33	36	3	3.3	2.8	2.7	2.4	2.6	0.2
California	384	310	315	316	324	8	2.1	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.8	0.0
Colorado	79	68	63	87	74	-13	2.7	2.3	2.1	2.9	2.5	-0.4
Connecticut	33	30	34	31	33	2	2.0	1.8	2.0	1.8	1.9	0.1
Delaware	17	13	14	15	14	-1	3.5	2.7	2.9	3.1	2.9	-0.2
District of Columbia	22	14	14	14	14	0	2.9	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	0.0
Florida	284	286	250	268	303	35	2.9	2.9	2.5	2.7	3.1	0.4
Georgia	194	119	137	124	110	-14	4.0	2.4	2.8	2.5	2.2	-0.3
Hawaii	14	12	11	12	13	1	2.2	1.9	1.7	1.9	2.0	0.1
Idaho	25	27	24	26	28	2	3.0	3.1	2.8	3.0	3.2	0.2
Illinois	126	131	129	120	110	-10	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Indiana	95	81	67	75	76	1	2.9	2.5	2.1	2.3	2.3	0.0
Iowa	39	39	35	37	36	-1	2.5	2.5	2.2	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Kansas	36	36	34	31	32	1	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.1	2.2	0.1
Kentucky	68	51	49	54	52	-2	3.4	2.5	2.4	2.7	2.6	-0.1
Louisiana	77	53	53	56	54	-2	4.0	2.7	2.7	2.9	2.8	-0.1
Maine	16	18	14	14	14	0	2.5	2.7	2.1	2.1	2.1	0.0
Maryland	87	57	60	62	63	1	3.2	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.3	0.0
Massachusetts	67	52	60	55	57	2	1.8	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.5	0.0
Michigan	84	109	79	80	87	7	1.9	2.5	1.8	1.8	1.9	0.1
Minnesota	65	76	65	53	63	10	2.2	2.5	2.2	1.8	2.1	0.3
Mississippi	39	32	34	35	31	-4	3.3	2.7	2.9	3.0	2.6	-0.4
Missouri	67	69	66	56	81	25	2.3	2.3	2.2	1.9	2.7	0.8
Montana	18	17	16	17	19	2	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.2	3.6	0.4
Nebraska	22	26	24	24	24	0	2.1	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
Nevada	44	37	37	35	45	10	2.9	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.9	0.7
New Hampshire	15	15	15	16	15	-1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.1	-0.2
New Jersey	84	74	78	71	66	-5	1.9	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.5	-0.1
New Mexico	23	22	18	22	21	-1	2.7	2.5	2.0	2.5	2.4	-0.1
New York	168	174	161	154	158	4	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
North Carolina	137	99	107	103	108	5	2.8	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.2	0.1
North Dakota	11	13	12	10	11	1	2.5	3.0	2.7	2.3	2.5	0.2
Ohio	127	130	113	112	129	17	2.3	2.3	2.0	2.0	2.3	0.3
Oklahoma	60	43	41	46	47	1	3.5	2.5	2.3	2.6	2.6	0.0
Oregon	50	52	40	52	51	-1	2.5	2.6	2.0	2.6	2.6	0.0
Pennsylvania	100	126	129	122	109	-13	1.6	2.0	2.1	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Rhode Island	12	12	11	11	12	1	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.3	0.2
South Carolina	75	57	67	69	72	3	3.3	2.5	2.9	2.9	3.1	0.2
South Dakota	11	16	12	12	12	0	2.4	3.4	2.6	2.6	2.6	0.0
Tennessee	105	85	92	80	85	5	3.2	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	0.2
Texas	439	334	364	359	337	-22	3.2	2.4	2.6	2.6	2.4	-0.2
Utah	46	47	49	49	48	-1	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.8	0.0
Vermont	8	8	8	7	6	-1	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.2	1.9	-0.3
Virginia	109	93	95	102	92	-10	2.6	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.2	-0.2
Washington	80	71	64	71	75	4	2.2	1.9	1.8	2.0	2.1	0.1
West Virginia	27	19	23	22	18	-4	3.9	2.7	3.2	3.1	2.5	-0.6
Wisconsin	65	74	63	70	67	-3	2.2	2.4	2.1	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Wyoming	10	10	9	10	9	-1	3.5	3.4	3.1	3.4	3.1	-0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,571	1,546	1,607	1,596	1,724	128	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
Alabama	19	25	17	20	29	9	0.9	1.2	0.8	0.9	1.3	0.4
Alaska	6	5	7	5	5	0	1.8	1.5	2.1	1.5	1.5	0.0
Arizona	34	43	41	38	34	-4	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Arkansas	13	14	14	14	17	3	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.2
California	176	171	191	165	141	-24	1.0	0.9	1.1	0.9	0.8	-0.1
Colorado	34	39	33	34	34	0	1.2	1.3	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Connecticut	16	17	18	19	19	0	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Delaware	6	6	5	8	7	-1	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.4	-0.2
District of Columbia	6	7	6	6	5	-1	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.6	-0.2
Florida	118	83	103	105	98	-7	1.2	0.8	1.0	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Georgia	42	54	42	52	57	5	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.2	0.1
Hawaii	6	6	7	5	6	1	0.9	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.9	0.1
Idaho	12	13	13	12	12	0	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.4	0.0
Illinois	68	35	63	52	59	7	1.1	0.6	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.1
Indiana	38	43	53	34	34	0	1.2	1.3	1.6	1.0	1.0	0.0
Iowa	17	14	15	18	18	0	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.1	0.0
Kansas	15	13	15	16	14	-2	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Kentucky	21	20	18	20	22	2	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.1	0.1
Louisiana	22	22	24	25	27	2	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.4	0.1
Maine	6	7	7	8	15	7	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.2	2.3	1.1
Maryland	33	25	25	27	34	7	1.2	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.2	0.2
Massachusetts	32	39	32	34	38	4	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Michigan	41	44	38	44	45	1	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.0
Minnesota	28	24	26	27	65	38	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.9	2.2	1.3
Mississippi	11	12	14	13	14	1	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.2	0.1
Missouri	29	22	29	28	25	-3	1.0	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.8	-0.1
Montana	8	9	9	8	8	0	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.5	1.5	0.0
Nebraska	11	11	12	13	11	-2	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Nevada	18	21	23	21	24	3	1.2	1.3	1.5	1.3	1.5	0.2
New Hampshire	8	7	7	9	13	4	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.3	1.8	0.5
New Jersey	40	38	40	66	47	-19	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.5	1.1	-0.4
New Mexico	11	9	11	11	9	-2	1.3	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.0	-0.2
New York	84	100	91	102	90	-12	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.9	-0.1
North Carolina	51	58	62	68	55	-13	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.1	-0.3
North Dakota	5	5	6	5	5	0	1.2	1.1	1.4	1.1	1.1	0.0
Ohio	62	49	63	39	57	18	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.7	1.0	0.3
Oklahoma	19	15	18	22	18	-4	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Oregon	24	20	18	26	23	-3	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.3	1.2	-0.1
Pennsylvania	64	46	39	48	55	7	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.1
Rhode Island	6	6	6	7	9	2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.8	0.4
South Carolina	19	20	26	31	26	-5	0.8	0.9	1.1	1.3	1.1	-0.2
South Dakota	6	5	6	5	5	0	1.3	1.1	1.3	1.1	1.1	0.0
Tennessee	34	38	38	28	50	22	1.0	1.1	1.2	0.8	1.5	0.7
Texas	106	128	125	124	181	57	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.3	0.4
Utah	17	23	21	18	23	5	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.0	1.3	0.3
Vermont	4	3	4	4	5	1	1.3	1.0	1.3	1.3	1.6	0.3
Virginia	33	36	43	40	47	7	0.8	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
Washington	41	40	37	34	34	0	1.1	1.1	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.0
West Virginia	8	8	7	8	8	0	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.0
Wisconsin	26	28	32	29	42	13	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.4	0.4
Wyoming	4	4	4	4	5	1	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.7	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,471	8,845	8,352	5.8	5.4	5.1
Alabama	139	133	124	6.1	5.8	5.4
Alaska	26	22	25	7.6	6.4	7.3
Arizona	187	162	174	5.6	4.8	5.1
Arkansas	96	78	74	6.6	5.5	5.2
California	939	775	757	5.0	4.2	4.1
Colorado	256	198	202	8.2	6.3	6.4
Connecticut	95	90	82	5.4	5.1	4.7
Delaware	29	36	27	5.7	7.1	5.3
District of Columbia	38	49	35	4.7	6.1	4.4
Florida	612	525	545	5.9	5.1	5.2
Georgia	419	293	282	7.9	5.6	5.4
Hawaii	37	27	34	5.5	4.1	5.1
Idaho	54	49	48	6.1	5.5	5.4
Illinois	394	361	370	6.1	5.7	5.8
Indiana	158	151	167	4.7	4.5	4.9
Iowa	91	91	75	5.5	5.5	4.5
Kansas	87	83	81	5.7	5.5	5.3
Kentucky	127	115	107	6.0	5.5	5.0
Louisiana	145	134	123	7.0	6.4	6.0
Maine	42	45	35	6.2	6.7	5.2
Maryland	198	233	192	6.8	8.0	6.6
Massachusetts	250	210	209	6.4	5.4	5.4
Michigan	243	246	215	5.3	5.3	4.6
Minnesota	179	179	157	5.8	5.7	5.0
Mississippi	79	70	70	6.3	5.6	5.6
Missouri	189	193	170	6.1	6.1	5.4
Montana	32	34	31	6.0	6.1	5.7
Nebraska	60	60	55	5.5	5.4	5.0
Nevada	105	83	84	6.4	5.1	5.1
New Hampshire	45	44	36	6.1	6.0	4.9
New Jersey	268	218	202	5.9	4.8	4.5
New Mexico	58	56	55	6.3	6.1	5.9
New York	431	515	490	4.3	5.1	4.8
North Carolina	357	284	277	6.8	5.5	5.3
North Dakota	25	24	25	5.5	5.4	5.4
Ohio	306	320	285	5.3	5.5	4.9
Oklahoma	109	123	108	6.0	6.5	5.7
Oregon	123	156	108	5.9	7.5	5.2
Pennsylvania	424	380	374	6.6	5.9	5.8
Rhode Island	35	27	34	6.6	5.2	6.3
South Carolina	169	185	156	6.9	7.4	6.3
South Dakota	27	25	27	5.7	5.3	5.6
Tennessee	245	202	177	6.9	5.8	5.1
Texas	821	754	701	5.6	5.1	4.7
Utah	99	97	91	5.5	5.3	5.0
Vermont	19	19	15	5.8	5.8	4.6
Virginia	316	272	258	7.1	6.2	5.8
Washington	195	182	175	5.2	4.8	4.6
West Virginia	53	53	39	7.1	7.0	5.2
Wisconsin	171	170	152	5.5	5.4	4.8
Wyoming	16	16	14	5.4	5.3	4.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,070	5,522	4,861	3.3	3.6	3.1
Alabama	82	86	79	3.9	4.0	3.6
Alaska	15	17	16	4.6	5.3	4.9
Arizona	117	134	110	3.7	4.1	3.4
Arkansas	56	55	53	4.2	4.1	3.9
California	506	476	465	2.8	2.7	2.6
Colorado	99	110	90	3.4	3.8	3.0
Connecticut	41	57	47	2.4	3.4	2.8
Delaware	18	25	16	3.7	5.3	3.4
District of Columbia	21	24	22	2.8	3.1	2.9
Florida	331	377	393	3.4	3.8	4.0
Georgia	206	213	183	4.2	4.3	3.7
Hawaii	21	19	21	3.3	3.1	3.2
Idaho	30	38	31	3.6	4.5	3.6
Illinois	212	203	145	3.5	3.4	2.4
Indiana	125	103	90	3.9	3.2	2.8
Iowa	46	53	42	2.9	3.4	2.6
Kansas	50	50	44	3.5	3.5	3.0
Kentucky	82	83	70	4.1	4.1	3.5
Louisiana	92	98	84	4.7	5.0	4.3
Maine	17	21	20	2.7	3.3	3.1
Maryland	93	108	85	3.4	4.0	3.2
Massachusetts	91	93	82	2.5	2.5	2.2
Michigan	138	137	134	3.2	3.1	3.0
Minnesota	73	101	75	2.5	3.4	2.5
Mississippi	47	50	40	4.0	4.3	3.4
Missouri	90	98	102	3.1	3.3	3.4
Montana	20	24	20	3.9	4.7	3.8
Nebraska	39	41	31	3.8	3.9	3.0
Nevada	55	62	60	3.6	4.0	3.8
New Hampshire	21	26	22	3.0	3.7	3.1
New Jersey	124	124	128	2.9	2.9	3.0
New Mexico	29	35	26	3.4	4.0	3.0
New York	247	250	191	2.6	2.6	2.0
North Carolina	188	193	183	3.9	3.9	3.7
North Dakota	14	17	14	3.3	3.8	3.1
Ohio	152	173	181	2.8	3.1	3.3
Oklahoma	65	82	69	3.8	4.7	3.9
Oregon	65	88	64	3.3	4.6	3.3
Pennsylvania	135	219	146	2.2	3.6	2.4
Rhode Island	18	16	20	3.6	3.3	4.0
South Carolina	99	124	91	4.4	5.4	3.9
South Dakota	15	16	15	3.3	3.5	3.2
Tennessee	123	137	156	3.7	4.2	4.7
Texas	513	537	490	3.7	3.9	3.5
Utah	57	71	53	3.4	4.1	3.1
Vermont	9	12	9	2.9	3.9	2.9
Virginia	142	160	147	3.5	3.9	3.5
Washington	105	132	97	2.9	3.7	2.7
West Virginia	26	37	27	3.7	5.2	3.7
Wisconsin	90	105	75	3.0	3.5	2.5
Wyoming	9	11	9	3.3	4.0	3.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	4,788	5,797	4,538	3.1	3.7	2.9
Alabama	76	82	75	3.6	3.8	3.4
Alaska	11	13	12	3.3	4.1	3.7
Arizona	103	127	93	3.3	3.9	2.9
Arkansas	53	53	48	3.9	3.9	3.5
California	499	565	416	2.8	3.2	2.3
Colorado	92	119	90	3.2	4.1	3.0
Connecticut	37	60	48	2.2	3.6	2.8
Delaware	19	28	17	4.1	6.0	3.6
District of Columbia	24	26	18	3.1	3.4	2.3
Florida	357	417	355	3.7	4.2	3.6
Georgia	209	199	149	4.3	4.1	3.0
Hawaii	17	23	18	2.7	3.6	2.8
Idaho	28	40	31	3.4	4.8	3.7
Illinois	179	204	149	3.0	3.4	2.5
Indiana	108	126	91	3.4	3.9	2.8
Iowa	47	63	46	3.0	4.0	2.9
Kansas	44	61	40	3.1	4.2	2.7
Kentucky	78	90	68	4.0	4.5	3.4
Louisiana	92	88	74	4.8	4.5	3.8
Maine	19	25	24	3.1	3.9	3.7
Maryland	106	118	88	3.9	4.4	3.3
Massachusetts	79	100	82	2.1	2.7	2.2
Michigan	104	154	110	2.4	3.5	2.5
Minnesota	75	98	94	2.6	3.3	3.2
Mississippi	45	50	40	3.9	4.2	3.4
Missouri	86	98	98	2.9	3.3	3.3
Montana	19	25	22	3.7	4.8	4.2
Nebraska	27	53	30	2.6	5.1	2.9
Nevada	53	64	63	3.5	4.1	4.1
New Hampshire	18	27	23	2.5	3.9	3.3
New Jersey	96	176	94	2.3	4.1	2.2
New Mexico	29	35	26	3.3	4.0	2.9
New York	202	309	203	2.1	3.2	2.1
North Carolina	177	185	147	3.7	3.8	3.0
North Dakota	13	18	13	3.0	4.2	3.1
Ohio	159	177	164	2.9	3.2	2.9
Oklahoma	73	77	61	4.3	4.4	3.5
Oregon	64	84	68	3.2	4.3	3.5
Pennsylvania	127	197	149	2.1	3.3	2.5
Rhode Island	13	21	18	2.6	4.2	3.5
South Carolina	80	117	82	3.5	5.0	3.5
South Dakota	14	20	14	3.1	4.5	3.0
Tennessee	127	134	118	3.9	4.1	3.6
Texas	474	510	451	3.4	3.7	3.2
Utah	50	77	57	2.9	4.5	3.3
Vermont	8	11	10	2.7	3.5	3.1
Virginia	128	159	126	3.1	3.8	3.0
Washington	105	123	98	2.9	3.4	2.7
West Virginia	33	33	24	4.8	4.7	3.4
Wisconsin	76	127	92	2.6	4.3	3.1
Wyoming	11	13	11	4.0	4.4	3.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,223	3,303	2,759	2.1	2.1	1.8
Alabama	55	55	38	2.6	2.5	1.7
Alaska	7	8	9	2.1	2.5	2.7
Arizona	70	75	61	2.2	2.3	1.9
Arkansas	38	33	29	2.8	2.4	2.1
California	302	307	265	1.7	1.7	1.5
Colorado	61	79	60	2.1	2.7	2.0
Connecticut	25	30	25	1.5	1.8	1.5
Delaware	13	15	10	2.7	3.2	2.1
District of Columbia	16	16	10	2.1	2.1	1.3
Florida	238	250	261	2.4	2.5	2.6
Georgia	162	123	92	3.3	2.5	1.9
Hawaii	11	13	11	1.8	2.1	1.8
Idaho	18	24	21	2.1	2.8	2.4
Illinois	108	116	83	1.8	1.9	1.4
Indiana	72	68	57	2.2	2.1	1.8
Iowa	31	31	28	2.0	2.0	1.8
Kansas	28	28	23	2.0	1.9	1.6
Kentucky	54	58	41	2.7	2.9	2.0
Louisiana	65	51	43	3.4	2.6	2.2
Maine	12	13	10	2.0	2.1	1.6
Maryland	70	67	51	2.6	2.5	1.9
Massachusetts	53	53	44	1.4	1.5	1.2
Michigan	62	73	65	1.4	1.7	1.5
Minnesota	52	48	48	1.8	1.6	1.6
Mississippi	32	32	23	2.7	2.8	2.0
Missouri	55	54	69	1.9	1.8	2.3
Montana	12	15	14	2.4	2.9	2.7
Nebraska	17	25	19	1.7	2.4	1.8
Nevada	34	38	38	2.2	2.4	2.5
New Hampshire	12	14	11	1.7	2.0	1.5
New Jersey	64	65	48	1.5	1.5	1.1
New Mexico	18	21	17	2.1	2.4	1.9
New York	132	151	125	1.4	1.6	1.3
North Carolina	120	87	88	2.5	1.8	1.8
North Dakota	8	8	8	1.9	1.9	1.8
Ohio	101	100	105	1.8	1.8	1.9
Oklahoma	47	46	38	2.7	2.6	2.1
Oregon	40	49	42	2.1	2.5	2.1
Pennsylvania	75	122	81	1.2	2.0	1.3
Rhode Island	8	11	8	1.7	2.2	1.7
South Carolina	58	72	55	2.5	3.1	2.4
South Dakota	8	10	8	1.8	2.3	1.8
Tennessee	87	82	68	2.6	2.5	2.1
Texas	345	346	259	2.5	2.5	1.8
Utah	34	50	36	2.0	2.9	2.1
Vermont	5	6	4	1.7	1.8	1.4
Virginia	89	97	71	2.2	2.3	1.7
Washington	67	77	66	1.9	2.2	1.8
West Virginia	23	21	14	3.3	2.9	2.0
Wisconsin	51	65	52	1.7	2.2	1.7
Wyoming	7	8	7	2.5	2.8	2.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,301	2,032	1,462	0.8	1.3	0.9
Alabama	16	21	23	0.7	1.0	1.0
Alaska	3	4	2	0.9	1.3	0.7
Arizona	28	44	27	0.9	1.4	0.8
Arkansas	12	15	15	0.9	1.1	1.1
California	171	232	131	1.0	1.3	0.7
Colorado	26	33	26	0.9	1.1	0.9
Connecticut	10	26	16	0.6	1.5	0.9
Delaware	5	11	5	1.1	2.4	1.1
District of Columbia	6	7	5	0.7	0.9	0.6
Florida	98	148	83	1.0	1.5	0.8
Georgia	36	53	49	0.7	1.1	1.0
Hawaii	5	7	5	0.8	1.2	0.8
Idaho	9	14	9	1.1	1.7	1.0
Illinois	62	71	59	1.0	1.2	1.0
Indiana	30	42	28	0.9	1.3	0.9
Iowa	13	22	15	0.8	1.4	0.9
Kansas	14	21	13	0.9	1.4	0.9
Kentucky	19	25	20	1.0	1.3	1.0
Louisiana	22	28	25	1.1	1.4	1.3
Maine	5	10	11	0.7	1.6	1.7
Maryland	27	38	27	1.0	1.4	1.0
Massachusetts	20	39	27	0.5	1.1	0.7
Michigan	36	61	39	0.8	1.4	0.9
Minnesota	19	34	42	0.6	1.2	1.4
Mississippi	10	14	12	0.9	1.2	1.0
Missouri	27	32	23	0.9	1.1	0.8
Montana	6	8	6	1.1	1.5	1.2
Nebraska	8	18	9	0.8	1.7	0.9
Nevada	16	23	22	1.0	1.5	1.4
New Hampshire	5	11	10	0.7	1.6	1.4
New Jersey	29	96	36	0.7	2.2	0.8
New Mexico	9	12	7	1.0	1.3	0.8
New York	60	139	67	0.6	1.4	0.7
North Carolina	49	87	49	1.0	1.8	1.0
North Dakota	4	7	5	1.0	1.6	1.1
Ohio	50	57	48	0.9	1.0	0.9
Oklahoma	21	26	18	1.2	1.5	1.0
Oregon	19	28	19	1.0	1.5	1.0
Pennsylvania	48	66	49	0.8	1.1	0.8
Rhode Island	4	9	8	0.7	1.8	1.6
South Carolina	17	37	20	0.8	1.6	0.9
South Dakota	5	7	4	1.1	1.4	1.0
Tennessee	29	41	41	0.9	1.3	1.3
Texas	103	139	170	0.7	1.0	1.2
Utah	13	22	18	0.8	1.3	1.0
Vermont	2	5	4	0.8	1.5	1.3
Virginia	28	45	42	0.7	1.1	1.0
Washington	32	38	27	0.9	1.1	0.8
West Virginia	7	9	8	1.1	1.3	1.1
Wisconsin	20	46	36	0.7	1.5	1.2
Wyoming	3	4	4	1.2	1.4	1.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary