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Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
E-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race,
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
sex, and age		 2023 2024 2025 2026
2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

 204,346 204,645 204,946 204,679 204,920 205,225 205,521 207,152 207,380 207,677 - 202,428 202,471

Civilian labor force

 127,254 127,635 127,603 127,212 127,523 127,973 127,821 128,727 128,661 128,510 - 123,941 123,499

Participation rate

 62.3 62.4 62.3 62.2 62.2 62.4 62.2 62.1 62.0 61.9 - 61.2 61.0

Employed

 123,235 123,417 123,242 122,858 123,062 123,169 123,047 123,987 123,835 123,708 - 119,395 118,892

Employment-population ratio

 60.3 60.3 60.1 60.0 60.1 60.0 59.9 59.9 59.7 59.6 - 59.0 58.7

Unemployed

 4,018 4,218 4,361 4,354 4,461 4,804 4,774 4,739 4,826 4,801 - 4,546 4,607

Unemployment rate

 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 - 3.7 3.7

Not in labor force

 77,093 77,011 77,343 77,467 77,397 77,252 77,700 78,425 78,719 79,167 - 78,487 78,972

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 66,432 66,456 66,468 65,894 65,986 66,298 66,337 66,551 66,645 66,787 - 63,775 63,381

Participation rate

 70.2 70.2 70.1 69.8 69.8 70.0 70.0 69.6 69.6 69.7 - 68.9 68.4

Employed

 64,422 64,296 64,278 63,812 63,814 63,990 64,053 64,317 64,275 64,411 - 61,664 61,141

Employment-population ratio

 68.1 67.9 67.8 67.6 67.5 67.6 67.6 67.3 67.1 67.2 - 66.6 66.0

Unemployed

 2,010 2,160 2,190 2,082 2,173 2,308 2,283 2,234 2,371 2,375 - 2,111 2,239

Unemployment rate

 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.6 - 3.3 3.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 55,970 56,316 56,127 56,356 56,427 56,667 56,499 57,065 57,056 56,910 - 55,646 55,564

Participation rate

 57.6 57.8 57.5 57.8 57.8 57.9 57.7 57.8 57.7 57.5 - 56.9 56.8

Employed

 54,410 54,746 54,534 54,617 54,680 54,799 54,616 55,169 55,219 55,082 - 53,781 53,758

Employment-population ratio

 55.9 56.2 55.9 56.0 56.0 56.0 55.7 55.9 55.9 55.6 - 55.0 54.9

Unemployed

 1,560 1,570 1,593 1,738 1,746 1,868 1,883 1,896 1,837 1,829 - 1,865 1,806

Unemployment rate

 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 - 3.4 3.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 4,852 4,864 5,008 4,961 5,110 5,007 4,985 5,111 4,960 4,813 - 4,520 4,554

Participation rate

 38.8 38.8 40.0 39.1 40.2 39.4 39.2 39.9 38.7 37.7 - 37.7 38.1

Employed

 4,403 4,376 4,430 4,429 4,568 4,379 4,378 4,502 4,341 4,215 - 3,950 3,992

Employment-population ratio

 35.2 34.9 35.4 34.9 35.9 34.4 34.4 35.1 33.9 33.0 - 32.9 33.4

Unemployed

 449 488 578 533 542 628 607 609 619 598 - 570 562

Unemployment rate

 9.2 10.0 11.5 10.7 10.6 12.5 12.2 11.9 12.5 12.4 - 12.6 12.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

 34,613 34,715 34,821 34,848 34,949 35,054 35,161 35,653 35,752 35,854 - 35,388 35,455

Civilian labor force

 21,788 21,827 22,047 22,115 22,003 22,063 21,997 22,257 22,188 22,380 - 22,214 21,999

Participation rate

 62.9 62.9 63.3 63.5 63.0 62.9 62.6 62.4 62.1 62.4 - 62.8 62.0

Employed

 20,590 20,615 20,814 20,830 20,673 20,740 20,668 20,888 20,755 20,712 - 20,584 20,499

Employment-population ratio

 59.5 59.4 59.8 59.8 59.2 59.2 58.8 58.6 58.1 57.8 - 58.2 57.8

Unemployed

 1,197 1,212 1,234 1,285 1,330 1,323 1,328 1,369 1,433 1,668 - 1,630 1,499

Unemployment rate

 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.2 6.5 7.5 - 7.3 6.8

Not in labor force

 12,826 12,887 12,773 12,734 12,947 12,991 13,165 13,396 13,564 13,475 - 13,174 13,457

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,051 10,161 10,210 10,295 10,206 10,293 10,271 10,436 10,463 10,531 - 10,106 10,125

Participation rate

 68.0 68.6 68.7 69.5 68.7 69.1 68.7 68.9 68.8 69.0 - 68.0 68.0

Employed

 9,508 9,621 9,655 9,689 9,598 9,690 9,679 9,793 9,843 9,804 - 9,379 9,480

Employment-population ratio

 64.3 64.9 64.9 65.4 64.6 65.0 64.8 64.6 64.7 64.3 - 63.1 63.6

Unemployed

 543 539 555 606 608 603 592 644 620 726 - 727 645

Unemployment rate

 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.9 6.0 5.9 5.8 6.2 5.9 6.9 - 7.2 6.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,997 10,903 11,044 10,998 10,972 11,023 10,968 11,045 10,950 11,026 - 11,285 11,058

Participation rate

 63.6 62.8 63.5 63.1 62.8 62.9 62.4 62.0 61.3 61.5 - 63.2 61.8

Employed

 10,443 10,386 10,493 10,449 10,387 10,428 10,372 10,452 10,279 10,264 - 10,547 10,403

Employment-population ratio

 60.3 59.9 60.3 59.9 59.4 59.5 59.0 58.7 57.5 57.3 - 59.1 58.1

Unemployed

 555 517 551 549 585 595 597 592 671 763 - 738 655

Unemployment rate

 5.0 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 6.1 6.9 - 6.5 5.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 740 763 794 821 825 747 757 776 775 822 - 823 816

Participation rate

 29.2 30.0 31.1 31.6 31.6 28.4 28.7 29.0 28.9 30.7 - 30.9 30.6

Employed

 640 607 667 691 688 622 617 643 634 644 - 658 616

Employment-population ratio

 25.3 23.9 26.1 26.6 26.3 23.7 23.4 24.0 23.6 24.0 - 24.7 23.1

Unemployed

 100 156 127 130 137 125 140 133 141 179 - 165 200

Unemployment rate

 13.5 20.5 16.0 15.8 16.6 16.7 18.5 17.2 18.2 21.7 - 20.0 24.5

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

 17,520 17,583 17,752 17,832 17,954 17,949 18,165 19,150 19,286 19,413 - 21,044 20,946

Civilian labor force

 11,389 11,543 11,474 11,493 11,726 11,751 11,753 12,507 12,685 12,637 - 13,860 13,744

Participation rate

 65.0 65.7 64.6 64.5 65.3 65.5 64.7 65.3 65.8 65.1 - 65.9 65.6

Employed

 11,047 11,231 11,103 11,151 11,330 11,289 11,313 12,075 12,252 12,137 - 13,270 13,242

Employment-population ratio

 63.1 63.9 62.5 62.5 63.1 62.9 62.3 63.1 63.5 62.5 - 63.1 63.2

Unemployed

 342 312 371 343 396 462 440 432 434 500 - 590 502

Unemployment rate

 3.0 2.7 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.4 4.0 - 4.3 3.7

Not in labor force

 6,131 6,039 6,279 6,338 6,228 6,198 6,412 6,642 6,600 6,776 - 7,184 7,202

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

 47,380 47,671 47,973 48,465 48,765 49,072 49,385 50,977 51,298 51,630 - 52,612 52,800

Civilian labor force

 31,690 32,047 32,134 32,421 32,839 33,121 33,190 34,132 34,388 34,646 - 35,438 35,264

Participation rate

 66.9 67.2 67.0 66.9 67.3 67.5 67.2 67.0 67.0 67.1 - 67.4 66.8

Employed

 30,342 30,583 30,599 30,847 31,224 31,377 31,471 32,408 32,657 32,825 - 33,672 33,472

Employment-population ratio

 64.0 64.2 63.8 63.6 64.0 63.9 63.7 63.6 63.7 63.6 - 64.0 63.4

Unemployed

 1,348 1,464 1,535 1,574 1,614 1,744 1,719 1,725 1,731 1,821 - 1,766 1,792

Unemployment rate

 4.3 4.6 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.3 - 5.0 5.1

Not in labor force

 15,691 15,624 15,839 16,044 15,926 15,952 16,195 16,844 16,909 16,984 - 17,174 17,536

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 17,071 17,232 17,253 17,410 17,618 17,747 17,808 18,215 18,420 18,518 - 18,403 18,303

Participation rate

 79.3 79.6 79.2 79.5 79.9 80.0 79.8 78.9 79.2 79.1 - 78.8 78.0

Employed

 16,408 16,528 16,489 16,670 16,843 16,969 17,066 17,413 17,587 17,676 - 17,646 17,558

Employment-population ratio

 76.2 76.3 75.7 76.1 76.4 76.5 76.4 75.4 75.6 75.5 - 75.5 74.9

Unemployed

 663 704 764 740 775 777 742 803 833 842 - 757 745

Unemployment rate

 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.5 - 4.1 4.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 13,132 13,327 13,301 13,457 13,581 13,851 13,886 14,327 14,425 14,552 - 15,515 15,395

Participation rate

 61.2 61.7 61.2 61.1 61.3 62.2 61.9 62.0 62.0 62.1 - 63.5 62.7

Employed

 12,615 12,768 12,751 12,829 12,984 13,153 13,160 13,648 13,747 13,827 - 14,749 14,630

Employment-population ratio

 58.7 59.1 58.6 58.3 58.6 59.0 58.7 59.0 59.1 59.0 - 60.3 59.6

Unemployed

 517 559 550 628 597 699 725 679 678 725 - 766 765

Unemployment rate

 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.7 4.4 5.0 5.2 4.7 4.7 5.0 - 4.9 5.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 1,487 1,488 1,580 1,554 1,640 1,522 1,496 1,590 1,543 1,576 - 1,520 1,566

Participation rate

 34.0 33.8 35.6 34.1 35.8 33.0 32.3 33.4 32.3 33.0 - 31.7 32.7

Employed

 1,319 1,288 1,359 1,348 1,398 1,255 1,244 1,347 1,323 1,322 - 1,277 1,284

Employment-population ratio

 30.2 29.2 30.6 29.6 30.5 27.2 26.9 28.3 27.7 27.7 - 26.6 26.8

Unemployed

 168 201 221 206 242 267 252 243 220 255 - 244 282

Unemployment rate

 11.3 13.5 14.0 13.3 14.8 17.6 16.9 15.3 14.3 16.1 - 16.0 18.0

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for the fourth quarter of 2025 were not produced. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown; therefore, reliable estimates for the fourth quarter of 2025 could not be produced.

 

Last Modified Date: July 02, 2026