A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted

HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, sex, and age	2025										2026
	Mar.	Apr.	May	June	July	Aug.	Sept.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec.	Jan.	Feb.	Mar.
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population(1)	207,221	207,291	207,377	207,472	207,569	207,675	207,788	-	207,980	208,058	202,423	202,426	202,436
Civilian labor force	128,694	129,020	128,490	128,474	128,596	128,374	128,560	-	128,477	128,617	123,997	123,986	123,841
Participation rate	62.1	62.2	62.0	61.9	62.0	61.8	61.9	-	61.8	61.8	61.3	61.2	61.2
Employed	123,896	124,094	123,567	123,844	123,821	123,565	123,739	-	123,517	123,778	119,412	119,402	119,371
Employment-population ratio	59.8	59.9	59.6	59.7	59.7	59.5	59.6	-	59.4	59.5	59.0	59.0	59.0
Unemployed	4,798	4,926	4,923	4,630	4,775	4,808	4,821	-	4,960	4,838	4,585	4,584	4,470
Unemployment rate	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.7	-	3.9	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.6
Not in labor force	78,526	78,272	78,887	78,998	78,973	79,301	79,228	-	79,503	79,441	78,426	78,441	78,595
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	66,444	66,709	66,581	66,645	66,729	66,905	66,725	-	66,683	66,700	63,834	63,768	63,724
Participation rate	69.5	69.7	69.6	69.6	69.6	69.8	69.5	-	69.4	69.4	68.9	68.9	68.8
Employed	64,181	64,245	64,193	64,387	64,398	64,468	64,369	-	64,311	64,411	61,734	61,574	61,684
Employment-population ratio	67.1	67.1	67.1	67.2	67.2	67.2	67.1	-	67.0	67.0	66.7	66.5	66.6
Unemployed	2,263	2,465	2,388	2,259	2,331	2,438	2,356	-	2,371	2,289	2,100	2,194	2,040
Unemployment rate	3.4	3.7	3.6	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.5	-	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.2
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	57,150	57,270	56,905	56,993	57,002	56,725	57,003	-	56,993	57,008	55,661	55,682	55,596
Participation rate	57.9	58.0	57.6	57.6	57.6	57.3	57.5	-	57.5	57.4	56.9	56.9	56.8
Employed	55,265	55,393	55,034	55,230	55,243	54,920	55,082	-	55,051	55,178	53,748	53,874	53,721
Employment-population ratio	56.0	56.1	55.7	55.8	55.8	55.5	55.6	-	55.5	55.6	54.9	55.1	54.9
Unemployed	1,885	1,878	1,871	1,763	1,759	1,805	1,921	-	1,943	1,831	1,913	1,808	1,875
Unemployment rate	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.4	-	3.4	3.2	3.4	3.2	3.4
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	5,100	5,040	5,004	4,836	4,864	4,743	4,831	-	4,801	4,909	4,502	4,536	4,521
Participation rate	39.8	39.3	39.1	37.8	38.0	37.1	37.8	-	37.7	38.5	37.5	37.8	37.7
Employed	4,449	4,457	4,339	4,227	4,179	4,177	4,288	-	4,155	4,190	3,929	3,955	3,966
Employment-population ratio	34.7	34.8	33.9	33.0	32.7	32.7	33.6	-	32.6	32.9	32.7	33.0	33.1
Unemployed	651	584	664	609	685	565	543	-	646	719	572	581	555
Unemployment rate	12.8	11.6	13.3	12.6	14.1	11.9	11.2	-	13.5	14.6	12.7	12.8	12.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population(1)	35,687	35,719	35,751	35,784	35,818	35,854	35,892	-	35,961	35,995	35,364	35,388	35,411
Civilian labor force	22,205	22,198	22,184	22,181	22,095	22,445	22,598	-	22,948	22,728	22,160	22,286	22,195
Participation rate	62.2	62.1	62.1	62.0	61.7	62.6	63.0	-	63.8	63.1	62.7	63.0	62.7
Employed	20,824	20,779	20,833	20,653	20,495	20,749	20,892	-	21,065	21,024	20,553	20,579	20,621
Employment-population ratio	58.4	58.2	58.3	57.7	57.2	57.9	58.2	-	58.6	58.4	58.1	58.2	58.2
Unemployed	1,382	1,419	1,351	1,528	1,601	1,697	1,706	-	1,884	1,704	1,607	1,707	1,574
Unemployment rate	6.2	6.4	6.1	6.9	7.2	7.6	7.6	-	8.2	7.5	7.3	7.7	7.1
Not in labor force	13,481	13,521	13,567	13,604	13,723	13,409	13,294	-	13,013	13,267	13,204	13,102	13,216
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,513	10,505	10,410	10,473	10,353	10,644	10,594	-	10,776	10,669	10,148	10,113	10,057
Participation rate	69.3	69.2	68.5	68.8	68.0	69.8	69.4	-	70.4	69.6	68.3	68.0	67.6
Employed	9,871	9,912	9,865	9,751	9,630	9,893	9,889	-	9,969	9,938	9,402	9,407	9,328
Employment-population ratio	65.1	65.3	64.9	64.1	63.2	64.9	64.8	-	65.1	64.9	63.3	63.3	62.7
Unemployed	642	593	546	722	723	751	705	-	807	731	747	706	729
Unemployment rate	6.1	5.6	5.2	6.9	7.0	7.1	6.7	-	7.5	6.9	7.4	7.0	7.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,863	10,929	11,022	10,898	10,958	11,016	11,106	-	11,238	11,222	11,177	11,369	11,308
Participation rate	60.9	61.2	61.7	60.9	61.2	61.5	61.9	-	62.5	62.4	62.6	63.7	63.3
Employed	10,297	10,257	10,328	10,251	10,252	10,265	10,275	-	10,440	10,403	10,459	10,565	10,617
Employment-population ratio	57.7	57.5	57.8	57.3	57.3	57.3	57.3	-	58.1	57.8	58.6	59.2	59.4
Unemployed	566	671	694	647	706	750	831	-	798	820	717	804	691
Unemployment rate	5.2	6.1	6.3	5.9	6.4	6.8	7.5	-	7.1	7.3	6.4	7.1	6.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	829	765	752	809	784	786	898	-	934	837	835	804	830
Participation rate	31.0	28.5	28.0	30.2	29.2	29.3	33.5	-	34.8	31.2	31.3	30.2	31.1
Employed	656	610	641	650	613	590	728	-	656	684	692	606	676
Employment-population ratio	24.5	22.8	23.9	24.2	22.9	22.0	27.1	-	24.4	25.5	26.0	22.8	25.4
Unemployed	174	155	111	158	171	196	170	-	278	153	143	197	154
Unemployment rate	20.9	20.2	14.8	19.6	21.8	24.9	18.9	-	29.8	18.3	17.1	24.5	18.5

ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population(1)	19,241	19,272	19,291	19,294	19,313	19,408	19,519	-	19,836	19,788	20,856	21,099	21,176
Civilian labor force	12,651	12,711	12,709	12,637	12,537	12,624	12,751	-	13,083	13,036	13,828	13,892	13,860
Participation rate	65.8	66.0	65.9	65.5	64.9	65.0	65.3	-	66.0	65.9	66.3	65.8	65.4
Employed	12,210	12,323	12,246	12,186	12,043	12,172	12,197	-	12,617	12,565	13,241	13,222	13,348
Employment-population ratio	63.5	63.9	63.5	63.2	62.4	62.7	62.5	-	63.6	63.5	63.5	62.7	63.0
Unemployed	442	388	463	450	495	453	553	-	466	471	588	670	512
Unemployment rate	3.5	3.1	3.6	3.6	3.9	3.6	4.3	-	3.6	3.6	4.2	4.8	3.7
Not in labor force	6,590	6,561	6,582	6,658	6,776	6,783	6,769	-	6,753	6,752	7,027	7,207	7,317

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population(1)	51,083	51,191	51,297	51,406	51,514	51,629	51,746	-	51,971	52,080	52,547	52,614	52,675
Civilian labor force	34,326	34,417	34,419	34,330	34,504	34,594	34,839	-	35,025	35,014	35,403	35,396	35,515
Participation rate	67.2	67.2	67.1	66.8	67.0	67.0	67.3	-	67.4	67.2	67.4	67.3	67.4
Employed	32,573	32,635	32,649	32,687	32,769	32,777	32,928	-	33,262	33,286	33,671	33,551	33,794
Employment-population ratio	63.8	63.8	63.6	63.6	63.6	63.5	63.6	-	64.0	63.9	64.1	63.8	64.2
Unemployed	1,753	1,782	1,769	1,642	1,734	1,817	1,912	-	1,763	1,728	1,732	1,845	1,722
Unemployment rate	5.1	5.2	5.1	4.8	5.0	5.3	5.5	-	5.0	4.9	4.9	5.2	4.8
Not in labor force	16,757	16,774	16,878	17,076	17,011	17,034	16,907	-	16,946	17,066	17,144	17,218	17,160
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	18,282	18,392	18,421	18,448	18,447	18,521	18,586	-	18,700	18,744	18,424	18,455	18,330
Participation rate	79.0	79.3	79.2	79.2	79.0	79.1	79.2	-	79.3	79.3	79.0	79.0	78.4
Employed	17,455	17,483	17,600	17,678	17,658	17,639	17,731	-	17,856	17,935	17,700	17,618	17,621
Employment-population ratio	75.4	75.4	75.7	75.9	75.6	75.3	75.5	-	75.7	75.9	75.9	75.4	75.3
Unemployed	828	910	821	770	789	882	855	-	844	809	724	837	709
Unemployment rate	4.5	4.9	4.5	4.2	4.3	4.8	4.6	-	4.5	4.3	3.9	4.5	3.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	14,413	14,500	14,450	14,325	14,446	14,525	14,685	-	14,845	14,812	15,473	15,423	15,648
Participation rate	62.2	62.4	62.1	61.4	61.8	62.0	62.5	-	62.9	62.6	63.4	63.1	63.9
Employed	13,746	13,835	13,721	13,687	13,792	13,814	13,875	-	14,186	14,140	14,731	14,659	14,857
Employment-population ratio	59.3	59.6	59.0	58.7	59.0	58.9	59.1	-	60.1	59.8	60.3	60.0	60.7
Unemployed	667	665	730	638	654	711	810	-	659	672	742	764	792
Unemployment rate	4.6	4.6	5.1	4.5	4.5	4.9	5.5	-	4.4	4.5	4.8	5.0	5.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,631	1,524	1,548	1,557	1,610	1,549	1,569	-	1,480	1,458	1,506	1,518	1,537
Participation rate	34.2	32.0	32.4	32.6	33.7	32.4	32.8	-	30.9	30.5	31.4	31.6	32.0
Employed	1,373	1,318	1,329	1,322	1,319	1,324	1,322	-	1,220	1,210	1,241	1,274	1,315
Employment-population ratio	28.8	27.6	27.8	27.7	27.6	27.7	27.7	-	25.5	25.3	25.8	26.5	27.4
Unemployed	258	207	219	235	292	225	247	-	260	248	266	245	221
Unemployment rate	15.8	13.6	14.1	15.1	18.1	14.5	15.8	-	17.6	17.0	17.6	16.1	14.4

Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.

Last Modified Date: April 03, 2026