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Economic News Release
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Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, June 28, 2023 	                                  USDL-23-1418

Technical information: 
 Employment:   (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/sae 
 Unemployment: (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


              METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- MAY 2023


Unemployment rates were lower in May than a year earlier in 177 of the 389 metropolitan areas, 
higher in 158 areas, and unchanged in 54 areas, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 
today. A total of 12 areas had jobless rates of less than 2.0 percent and 6 areas had rates 
of at least 8.0 percent. Nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 84 metropolitan
areas, decreased in 1 area, and was essentially unchanged in 304 areas. The national unemployment 
rate in May was 3.4 percent, not seasonally adjusted, the same as a year earlier.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 
unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the national
household survey estimates. These data pertain to individuals by where they reside. The employment
data are from an establishment survey that measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by 
industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. 
For more information about the concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, 
see the Technical Note.

Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In May, Burlington-South Burlington, VT, had the lowest unemployment rate, 1.3 percent. The next 
lowest rate was in Manchester, NH, 1.4 percent. El Centro, CA, had the highest rate, 16.0 percent. 
A total of 215 areas had May jobless rates below the U.S. rate of 3.4 percent, 153 areas had rates 
above it, and 21 areas had rates equal to that of the nation. (See table 1.)

The largest over-the-year unemployment rate decreases in May occurred in New Bedford, MA, and 
Pittsfield, MA (-1.8 percentage points each). Eighteen other areas had rate declines of at least 
1.0 percentage point. El Centro, CA, had the largest over-the-year rate increase in May 
(+3.7 percentage points).

Of the 51 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census population of 1 million or more, 
Birmingham-Hoover, AL, had the lowest jobless rate in May, 2.0 percent. The next lowest rate was 
in Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH, 2.1 percent. Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV, had the highest
rate, 5.6 percent. Twenty-two large areas had over-the-year unemployment rate decreases, 21 had 
increases, and 8 had no change. The largest rate declines occurred in Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, 
MA-NH (-1.2 percentage points), and Cleveland-Elyria, OH (-1.1 points). The largest jobless rate 
increases were in Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA, and San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA 
(+1.0 percentage point each).

Metropolitan Division Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

Eleven of the most populous metropolitan areas are made up of 38 metropolitan divisions, which are 
essentially separately identifiable employment centers. In May, Nashua, NH-MA, had the lowest 
division unemployment rate, 1.6 percent. Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA, had the highest rate 
among the divisions, 4.8 percent. (See table 2.)

In May, 23 metropolitan divisions had over-the-year unemployment rate decreases, 13 had increases,
and 2 had no change. The largest rate decline occurred in Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem, MA-NH 
(-1.6 percentage points). The largest over-the-year jobless rate increase occurred in
Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley, CA (+0.9 percentage point).

Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In May, nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 84 metropolitan areas, decreased in
1 area, and was essentially unchanged in 304 areas. The largest over-the-year employment increases 
occurred in New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA (+254,700), Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 
(+172,300), and Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA (+143,400). The largest over-the-year percentage 
gains in employment occurred in Midland, TX (+7.7 percent), and Corvallis, OR (+6.3 percent), 
followed by Charleston-North Charleston, SC, and Hanford-Corcoran, CA (+5.9 percent each). The 
over-the-year decrease in employment occurred in Elkhart-Goshen, IN (-6,600, or -4.4 percent).
(See table 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm employment increased in 35 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census population 
of 1 million or more, while employment was essentially unchanged in 16 areas. The largest 
over-the-year percentage increases in employment in these large metropolitan areas occurred in
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX (+4.6 percent), and Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL (+4.3 percent),
followed by Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX, and Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV (+4.2 percent each).

Metropolitan Division Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In May, nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 18 metropolitan divisions and was 
essentially unchanged in 20 divisions. The largest over-the-year increases in employment among 
the metropolitan divisions occurred in New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ (+212,600), 
Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX (+121,800), and Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA (+97,800). 
(See table 4.)

The largest over-the-year percentage increases in employment occurred in Fort Worth-Arlington, 
TX (+4.4 percent), Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX (+4.2 percent), and Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL 
(+4.1 percent).

_____________
The State Employment and Unemployment news release for June is scheduled to be released on Friday,
July 21, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release
for June is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, August 2, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


 _______________________________________________________________________________________________
|												|
|                     Current Employment Statistics (CES) Data Corrections			|
|												|
| This news release contains corrections to errors in previously released employment data in	|
| table 3. A complete list of corrections in this news release and in the CES (State and Area)	|
| database can be found at www.bls.gov/bls/errata/sae_errata.htm.				|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________|




Technical Note
  
   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data from the
Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2) for 389
metropolitan statistical areas and metropolitan New England City and Town Areas
(NECTAs), plus 7 areas in Puerto Rico. Estimates for 38 metropolitan and NECTA
divisions also are presented. Nonfarm payroll employment estimates from the
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4) are provided for
the same areas. State estimates were previously published in the news release
State Employment and Unemployment, and are republished in this news release for
ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the
same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates
obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households
that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed persons and unemployed persons on a
place-of-residence basis.  The universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older. Employed persons are those who did any work
at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the
12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or
farm, plus those not working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent,
whether or not paid, for such reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or
vacation. Unemployed persons are those who were not employed during the reference
week (based on the definition above), had actively looked for a job sometime in the
4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently available for work;
persons on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for states, the District of Columbia, the Los
Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division, and New York City are produced
using time-series models with real-time benchmarking to national CPS totals. Model-
based estimates are also produced for the following areas and their respective
balances: the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division;
Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area; Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI
Metropolitan Statistical Area; Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL Metropolitan Division;
and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan Division. Modeling improves the
statistical basis of the estimation for these areas and provides important tools
for analysis, such as measures of errors and seasonally adjusted series. For all
other substate areas in this news release, estimates are prepared through indirect
estimation procedures using a building-block approach.  Estimates of employed
persons, which are based largely on “place of work” estimates from the CES program,
are adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Unemployment
estimates are aggregates of persons previously employed in industries covered by
state unemployment insurance (UI) laws and entrants to the labor force from the
CPS. The substate estimates of employment and unemployment, which geographically
exhaust the entire state, are adjusted proportionally to ensure that they add to
the independently estimated model-based area totals. A detailed description of the
estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data shown for the prior
year reflect adjustments made at the beginning of each year, usually implemented with
the issuance of January estimates. The adjusted model-based estimates typically reflect
updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in other input
data sources, and model re-estimation. All substate estimates then are re-estimated
using updated inputs and adjusted to add to the revised model-based totals. In early
2021, a new generation of time-series models was implemented, resulting in the
replacement of data back to the series beginnings.

Employment--from the CES program 

   Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive
pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are
counted at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those appearing
on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on the
basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North
American Industry Classification System.

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several
estimation procedures. Where possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link
relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month weighted employment
to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current
month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month's employment
estimates. The weighted link relative technique is utilized for data series where the
sample size meets certain statistical criteria. For some employment series, the
estimates are produced with a model that uses direct sample estimates (described
above) combined with other regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

   Annual revisions.  Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count
of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by
employers who are covered under state unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark
information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and the
preceding one and also to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month.
Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used
to measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted for states,
metropolitan areas, and metropolitan divisions at the total nonfarm level. For states,
data are seasonally adjusted at the supersector level as well. Revisions to historical
data for the most recent 5 years are made once a year, coincident with annual benchmark
adjustments.

   Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available
estimates including those for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.
Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for the current month's preliminary
estimate as well as the previous month's final estimate.

Reliability of the estimates

   The estimates presented in this news release are based on sample surveys, administrative data,
and modeling and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error
is a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs by chance because a
sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to
nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data collection and
processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to
additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used. The sums of
individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of
rounding.

Use of error measures

   Civilian labor force and unemployment estimates. Measures of sampling error are not
available for metropolitan areas or metropolitan divisions. Model-based error measures for
states are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/laus/lastderr.htm. Measures of
nonsampling error are not available for the areas contained in this news release. Information
on recent data revisions for states and local areas is available online at
www.bls.gov/lau/launews1.htm.

   Employment estimates. Changes in metropolitan area nonfarm payroll employment are cited
in the analysis of this news release only if they have been determined to be statistically
significant at the 90-percent confidence level.  Measures of sampling error for the total
nonfarm employment series are available for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions
at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of sampling error for more detailed series
at the area and division level are available upon request. Measures of sampling error for
states at the supersector level and for the private service-providing, goods-producing,
total private and total nonfarm levels are available on the BLS website at 
www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Information on recent benchmark revisions
is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

Area definitions

   The substate area data published in this news release reflect the delineations issued by the
U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. Data reflect New England City and
Town Area (NECTA) definitions, rather than county-based definitions, in the six New England
States. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at
www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm.

Additional information

   Estimates of unadjusted and seasonally adjusted civilian labor force and unemployment
data for states and seven substate areas are available in the news release State Employment
and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment for all states,
metropolitan areas, counties, cities with a population of 25,000 or more, and other areas
used in the administration of various federal economic assistance programs are available
on the Internet at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and
metropolitan areas are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/sae/.

   If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to 
access telecommunications relay services.




LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area
State and area Civilian labor force Unemployed
April May Number Percent of labor force
2022 2023 2022 2023(p) April May April May
2022 2023 2022 2023(p) 2022 2023 2022 2023(p)

Alabama

2,279,731 2,296,492 2,286,230 2,307,803 46,317 39,983 50,476 49,384 2.0 1.7 2.2 2.1

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville

46,214 46,318 46,195 46,475 1,157 886 1,213 1,116 2.5 1.9 2.6 2.4

Auburn-Opelika

79,161 81,031 79,015 81,017 1,402 1,282 1,587 1,658 1.8 1.6 2.0 2.0

Birmingham-Hoover

567,226 566,771 569,439 570,597 10,620 9,053 11,475 11,245 1.9 1.6 2.0 2.0

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley

102,295 104,101 103,596 105,039 1,879 1,658 2,073 1,991 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.9

Decatur

75,196 76,369 75,478 76,804 1,285 1,087 1,401 1,342 1.7 1.4 1.9 1.7

Dothan

65,782 66,745 66,064 66,922 1,323 1,192 1,454 1,461 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.2

Florence-Muscle Shoals

66,755 66,833 66,982 66,902 1,432 1,249 1,626 1,523 2.1 1.9 2.4 2.3

Gadsden

39,386 38,974 39,508 39,176 966 752 1,038 946 2.5 1.9 2.6 2.4

Huntsville

247,289 252,870 247,736 254,371 4,016 3,651 4,508 4,529 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.8

Mobile

191,248 193,913 191,853 194,635 4,982 4,008 5,310 4,880 2.6 2.1 2.8 2.5

Montgomery

174,777 176,161 175,183 177,605 3,833 3,253 4,105 4,034 2.2 1.8 2.3 2.3

Tuscaloosa

116,605 119,023 115,972 118,881 2,387 1,986 2,661 2,585 2.0 1.7 2.3 2.2

Alaska

351,540 354,190 358,446 357,670 15,026 13,543 14,063 13,328 4.3 3.8 3.9 3.7

Anchorage

199,457 201,711 202,682 202,836 7,744 6,816 7,270 6,784 3.9 3.4 3.6 3.3

Fairbanks

44,941 45,721 45,082 45,598 1,769 1,595 1,660 1,520 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.3

Arizona

3,585,396 3,650,623 3,603,906 3,686,820 126,676 117,350 133,129 134,276 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.6

Flagstaff

73,426 74,775 73,395 75,612 2,902 2,365 3,057 2,819 4.0 3.2 4.2 3.7

Lake Havasu City-Kingman

88,927 90,185 89,506 91,406 3,843 3,617 3,814 3,783 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.1

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale

2,562,006 2,615,372 2,577,374 2,637,619 80,649 75,848 84,924 85,767 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.3

Prescott

106,750 108,335 107,688 109,621 3,458 3,488 3,611 3,717 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4

Sierra Vista-Douglas

48,553 48,458 48,391 48,972 1,979 1,936 2,066 2,098 4.1 4.0 4.3 4.3

Tucson

487,748 495,114 490,664 499,240 17,302 15,695 18,251 17,868 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.6

Yuma

93,299 92,106 91,484 95,497 10,462 8,530 11,119 11,751 11.2 9.3 12.2 12.3

Arkansas

1,367,518 1,388,027 1,371,738 1,384,271 40,040 34,174 43,450 34,372 2.9 2.5 3.2 2.5

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers

302,118 314,943 304,247 314,859 6,385 5,801 6,981 5,904 2.1 1.8 2.3 1.9

Fort Smith

117,585 119,300 118,580 119,549 3,407 2,897 3,760 3,201 2.9 2.4 3.2 2.7

Hot Springs

42,400 42,720 42,583 41,916 1,413 1,215 1,492 1,195 3.3 2.8 3.5 2.9

Jonesboro

67,365 68,601 67,409 68,458 1,674 1,425 1,857 1,478 2.5 2.1 2.8 2.2

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway

358,862 363,251 360,577 364,687 10,324 8,532 11,056 8,478 2.9 2.3 3.1 2.3

Pine Bluff

32,427 32,455 32,576 32,300 1,506 1,106 1,523 1,113 4.6 3.4 4.7 3.4

California

19,119,845 19,310,513 19,196,922 19,307,961 763,554 828,576 701,685 864,609 4.0 4.3 3.7 4.5

Bakersfield

386,358 395,530 385,892 397,202 26,959 32,825 25,018 34,156 7.0 8.3 6.5 8.6

Chico

91,795 92,102 92,259 92,217 3,782 4,555 3,425 4,549 4.1 4.9 3.7 4.9

El Centro

66,462 69,263 68,393 70,768 7,833 9,859 8,402 11,324 11.8 14.2 12.3 16.0

Fresno

448,993 462,352 454,048 465,577 28,888 34,475 25,632 34,842 6.4 7.5 5.6 7.5

Hanford-Corcoran

55,653 57,613 56,112 58,507 3,918 4,790 3,466 4,663 7.0 8.3 6.2 8.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,576,157 6,586,952 6,570,465 6,564,056 285,015 273,768 266,207 292,121 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.5

Madera

62,277 63,751 62,967 65,763 3,789 4,889 3,419 4,826 6.1 7.7 5.4 7.3

Merced

113,794 116,729 115,487 116,650 9,130 11,389 8,039 10,802 8.0 9.8 7.0 9.3

Modesto

238,932 243,290 242,013 245,796 12,686 15,181 11,571 15,613 5.3 6.2 4.8 6.4

Napa

70,309 71,420 71,825 72,104 2,082 2,293 1,850 2,271 3.0 3.2 2.6 3.1

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

412,061 417,060 414,031 415,829 13,438 14,882 12,249 15,436 3.3 3.6 3.0 3.7

Redding

72,053 73,503 72,761 73,437 3,152 3,658 2,804 3,559 4.4 5.0 3.9 4.8

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

2,140,817 2,141,413 2,145,500 2,141,288 79,674 88,344 73,970 93,541 3.7 4.1 3.4 4.4

Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade

1,113,854 1,131,146 1,118,580 1,131,375 38,229 43,482 34,943 44,569 3.4 3.8 3.1 3.9

Salinas

221,051 232,746 225,165 236,678 13,857 17,158 10,677 14,878 6.3 7.4 4.7 6.3

San Diego-Carlsbad

1,573,804 1,598,923 1,581,087 1,595,260 49,692 52,777 45,687 55,649 3.2 3.3 2.9 3.5

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,503,097 2,537,031 2,520,518 2,539,549 68,946 79,249 63,133 84,325 2.8 3.1 2.5 3.3

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara

1,056,070 1,078,233 1,063,072 1,075,864 26,796 32,936 24,470 35,252 2.5 3.1 2.3 3.3

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande

137,029 139,398 138,744 139,859 3,750 4,190 3,492 4,242 2.7 3.0 2.5 3.0

Santa Cruz-Watsonville

132,925 134,451 134,342 135,690 6,771 8,105 5,506 7,764 5.1 6.0 4.1 5.7

Santa Maria-Santa Barbara

224,599 228,951 227,066 225,464 7,139 8,486 6,272 7,852 3.2 3.7 2.8 3.5

Santa Rosa

245,769 249,198 247,569 248,283 7,137 7,912 6,515 8,277 2.9 3.2 2.6 3.3

Stockton-Lodi

340,274 346,468 346,015 351,816 16,929 20,174 15,215 20,683 5.0 5.8 4.4 5.9

Vallejo-Fairfield

200,053 201,735 201,347 202,188 7,944 8,490 7,175 8,653 4.0 4.2 3.6 4.3

Visalia-Porterville

208,117 213,956 210,264 216,327 16,035 20,950 14,805 21,577 7.7 9.8 7.0 10.0

Yuba City

77,042 79,394 78,058 80,010 4,715 5,941 4,227 5,800 6.1 7.5 5.4 7.2

Colorado

3,179,354 3,217,118 3,186,795 3,236,746 94,032 78,574 86,830 90,877 3.0 2.4 2.7 2.8

Boulder

201,103 203,404 201,483 204,815 4,871 4,258 4,587 5,179 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.5

Colorado Springs

370,341 376,171 371,430 379,780 11,535 9,588 10,679 11,067 3.1 2.5 2.9 2.9

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood

1,719,252 1,731,137 1,724,240 1,739,620 49,815 42,371 45,754 48,358 2.9 2.4 2.7 2.8

Fort Collins

209,149 212,745 211,467 218,302 5,562 4,511 5,133 5,292 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.4

Grand Junction

76,710 76,648 76,886 77,327 2,469 2,033 2,237 2,269 3.2 2.7 2.9 2.9

Greeley

166,993 169,453 168,854 171,556 5,306 4,185 4,861 4,896 3.2 2.5 2.9 2.9

Pueblo

76,271 75,809 76,550 76,525 3,304 2,677 3,003 2,983 4.3 3.5 3.9 3.9

Connecticut

1,922,393 1,868,973 1,944,890 1,886,359 77,704 56,604 80,875 69,474 4.0 3.0 4.2 3.7

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk

470,059 459,438 477,140 463,844 19,024 14,317 20,280 18,113 4.0 3.1 4.3 3.9

Danbury

107,303 104,295 108,798 105,330 3,873 2,856 4,040 3,477 3.6 2.7 3.7 3.3

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford

627,745 607,904 633,597 613,217 25,995 18,155 26,286 21,922 4.1 3.0 4.1 3.6

New Haven

340,148 330,381 343,257 332,606 12,799 9,277 13,653 11,561 3.8 2.8 4.0 3.5

Norwich-New London-Westerly

138,833 135,181 140,965 137,846 5,551 4,005 5,932 4,902 4.0 3.0 4.2 3.6

Waterbury

111,381 108,408 112,308 109,476 5,396 4,284 5,479 5,117 4.8 4.0 4.9 4.7

Delaware

497,424 501,717 494,975 502,102 20,712 19,667 20,177 19,698 4.2 3.9 4.1 3.9

Dover

81,104 80,930 80,351 80,466 3,847 3,633 3,767 3,537 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.4

Salisbury(1)

193,848 195,473 198,049 200,130 7,934 6,665 7,517 6,689 4.1 3.4 3.8 3.3

District of Columbia

386,488 386,532 387,666 391,319 16,139 17,287 16,710 19,071 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.9

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria

3,408,214 3,486,168 3,421,524 3,508,888 89,953 79,932 101,098 89,726 2.6 2.3 3.0 2.6

Florida

10,669,485 11,011,926 10,741,092 11,021,589 287,056 253,157 292,321 296,052 2.7 2.3 2.7 2.7

Cape Coral-Fort Myers

372,457 389,096 373,187 388,267 9,510 9,440 9,969 10,945 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.8

Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin

137,510 141,316 139,914 142,421 3,052 2,827 3,192 3,288 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.3

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach

312,655 326,206 314,916 327,073 9,083 8,336 9,337 9,806 2.9 2.6 3.0 3.0

Gainesville

149,324 154,623 147,168 151,589 3,803 3,655 4,005 4,312 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.8

Homosassa Springs

49,045 50,579 49,772 51,179 1,775 1,713 1,870 1,990 3.6 3.4 3.8 3.9

Jacksonville

820,215 857,075 829,772 863,317 21,418 19,773 22,090 23,026 2.6 2.3 2.7 2.7

Lakeland-Winter Haven

335,912 346,038 337,649 346,362 10,774 9,709 10,972 11,421 3.2 2.8 3.2 3.3

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

3,176,243 3,246,207 3,194,817 3,231,004 84,126 67,600 83,530 79,022 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.4

Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island

190,619 191,132 190,922 190,375 4,318 4,052 4,641 4,837 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.5

North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton

380,068 392,466 383,657 392,875 9,570 9,077 10,117 10,719 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.7

Ocala

146,503 151,228 148,254 152,015 4,575 4,302 4,823 5,037 3.1 2.8 3.3 3.3

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford

1,405,246 1,463,192 1,416,644 1,465,806 39,047 34,047 39,116 39,532 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.7

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville

292,727 301,611 295,209 303,433 7,642 7,093 7,940 8,329 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.7

Panama City

92,380 95,511 93,813 96,095 2,204 1,968 2,260 2,294 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.4

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent

234,967 240,864 237,113 241,876 6,235 5,537 6,403 6,557 2.7 2.3 2.7 2.7

Port St. Lucie

229,992 237,890 232,169 239,044 6,688 6,077 6,918 7,018 2.9 2.6 3.0 2.9

Punta Gorda

76,320 78,522 76,763 78,529 2,162 2,075 2,283 2,384 2.8 2.6 3.0 3.0

Sebastian-Vero Beach

67,976 68,638 68,299 68,692 2,099 1,860 2,207 2,201 3.1 2.7 3.2 3.2

Sebring

36,211 36,824 36,169 36,952 1,358 1,194 1,363 1,462 3.8 3.2 3.8 4.0

Tallahassee

200,476 204,596 199,551 203,941 5,679 5,047 5,777 5,900 2.8 2.5 2.9 2.9

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

1,634,790 1,701,993 1,644,505 1,712,038 42,257 39,184 43,410 45,861 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.7

The Villages

36,793 38,754 37,255 38,951 1,279 1,201 1,407 1,452 3.5 3.1 3.8 3.7

Georgia

5,212,849 5,284,068 5,228,331 5,299,480 133,075 144,788 149,025 181,756 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.4

Albany

64,542 64,526 64,752 65,358 2,127 2,129 2,250 2,645 3.3 3.3 3.5 4.0

Athens-Clarke County

97,742 100,166 98,040 100,484 2,318 2,419 2,815 3,349 2.4 2.4 2.9 3.3

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell

3,164,435 3,224,284 3,174,823 3,225,040 78,364 86,206 86,596 107,819 2.5 2.7 2.7 3.3

Augusta-Richmond County

266,530 265,057 263,723 265,832 7,614 8,291 8,537 10,041 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.8

Brunswick

52,773 54,167 53,480 54,830 1,363 1,349 1,618 1,751 2.6 2.5 3.0 3.2

Columbus

120,136 123,693 120,267 124,228 3,636 3,787 3,953 4,663 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.8

Dalton

58,315 58,946 58,560 58,513 1,679 2,413 2,300 2,221 2.9 4.1 3.9 3.8

Gainesville

106,578 108,195 107,415 109,044 2,051 2,176 2,443 2,945 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.7

Hinesville

34,619 34,818 34,305 34,953 977 983 1,068 1,248 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.6

Macon-Bibb County

99,731 100,411 99,670 100,751 2,926 3,237 3,252 4,047 2.9 3.2 3.3 4.0

Rome

43,130 45,326 43,102 45,394 1,148 1,483 1,314 1,573 2.7 3.3 3.0 3.5

Savannah

198,537 198,948 198,115 199,713 4,930 4,921 5,440 6,253 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.1

Valdosta

63,037 62,783 63,148 63,053 1,647 1,807 1,922 2,384 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.8

Warner Robins

86,526 86,640 86,764 87,186 2,256 2,175 2,606 2,940 2.6 2.5 3.0 3.4

Hawaii

673,544 679,552 673,796 671,927 21,176 18,289 21,733 17,744 3.1 2.7 3.2 2.6

Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina

86,688 87,391 86,724 86,100 2,792 2,465 2,782 2,185 3.2 2.8 3.2 2.5

Urban Honolulu

456,729 460,911 456,871 455,696 14,166 12,059 14,613 11,800 3.1 2.6 3.2 2.6

Idaho

941,485 953,468 950,770 965,118 23,662 24,549 22,303 26,004 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.7

Boise City

407,810 414,462 410,551 418,241 9,248 9,894 9,060 10,952 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.6

Coeur d'Alene

83,985 84,838 85,446 86,478 2,526 2,508 2,298 2,563 3.0 3.0 2.7 3.0

Idaho Falls

79,414 81,142 80,632 82,364 1,712 1,792 1,616 1,907 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.3

Lewiston

32,020 32,158 32,454 32,241 894 802 863 776 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.4

Pocatello

44,314 45,281 44,592 45,388 1,122 1,052 1,064 1,145 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.5

Twin Falls

55,579 55,794 56,011 56,185 1,353 1,453 1,286 1,516 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.7

Illinois

6,435,143 6,444,625 6,455,149 6,378,771 278,159 237,513 281,171 231,418 4.3 3.7 4.4 3.6

Bloomington

96,464 96,811 95,230 95,781 3,321 3,274 3,371 3,312 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5

Carbondale-Marion

58,480 57,665 57,104 56,114 2,412 2,225 2,402 2,246 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.0

Champaign-Urbana

126,017 127,233 125,283 125,029 4,538 4,571 4,563 4,576 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin

4,931,253 4,943,035 4,953,486 4,901,863 210,512 170,428 216,202 169,813 4.3 3.4 4.4 3.5

Danville

31,797 31,828 31,812 31,457 1,555 1,599 1,507 1,636 4.9 5.0 4.7 5.2

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island(1)

185,252 186,127 186,158 186,769 6,202 6,589 6,278 7,276 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.9

Decatur

44,955 45,023 45,140 44,723 2,535 2,496 2,449 2,437 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.4

Kankakee

51,715 51,480 51,854 50,803 2,678 2,762 2,544 2,554 5.2 5.4 4.9 5.0

Peoria

167,730 169,630 168,440 168,640 7,559 7,613 7,250 7,366 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.4

Rockford

156,614 155,946 156,906 154,333 9,437 9,734 9,725 9,182 6.0 6.2 6.2 5.9

Springfield

102,340 102,625 103,522 101,593 4,151 3,797 4,016 3,833 4.1 3.7 3.9 3.8

Indiana

3,384,029 3,423,283 3,405,791 3,421,867 84,509 89,434 95,120 121,060 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.5

Bloomington

81,497 82,224 81,251 80,460 1,732 2,042 2,244 3,009 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.7

Columbus

44,175 44,787 44,345 44,753 822 973 984 1,329 1.9 2.2 2.2 3.0

Elkhart-Goshen

120,075 115,352 120,404 114,585 2,109 3,267 2,551 4,214 1.8 2.8 2.1 3.7

Evansville

158,717 160,185 159,208 159,717 4,017 4,008 4,491 5,361 2.5 2.5 2.8 3.4

Fort Wayne

220,370 223,814 221,688 224,041 5,803 5,420 5,813 7,350 2.6 2.4 2.6 3.3

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson

1,105,136 1,136,159 1,111,469 1,134,379 26,097 26,798 29,462 36,481 2.4 2.4 2.7 3.2

Kokomo

33,510 32,742 33,704 32,824 1,363 1,428 1,390 1,784 4.1 4.4 4.1 5.4

Lafayette-West Lafayette

112,626 110,354 112,631 110,648 2,521 2,559 3,062 3,806 2.2 2.3 2.7 3.4

Michigan City-La Porte

46,712 46,929 47,269 46,966 1,459 1,507 1,576 1,945 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1

Muncie

51,645 51,911 51,531 51,500 1,592 1,553 1,755 2,186 3.1 3.0 3.4 4.2

South Bend-Mishawaka

155,689 156,070 156,375 156,029 4,570 4,860 5,088 6,408 2.9 3.1 3.3 4.1

Terre Haute

72,367 73,122 72,856 73,484 2,093 2,131 2,354 2,929 2.9 2.9 3.2 4.0

Iowa

1,706,104 1,734,956 1,707,944 1,737,711 35,583 40,476 39,033 45,806 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.6

Ames

60,167 61,520 60,169 60,955 907 1,109 1,044 1,127 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.8

Cedar Rapids

144,166 146,779 144,410 145,989 3,251 3,878 3,675 4,450 2.3 2.6 2.5 3.0

Des Moines-West Des Moines

372,031 381,355 373,082 382,401 7,307 8,268 8,279 9,294 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.4

Dubuque

56,396 56,545 56,081 56,852 1,225 1,313 1,261 1,436 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.5

Iowa City

97,973 100,130 97,154 99,102 1,680 1,930 1,956 2,129 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1

Sioux City

93,361 95,608 93,584 95,553 1,841 2,008 1,967 2,169 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3

Waterloo-Cedar Falls

88,302 89,824 88,463 89,894 1,901 2,212 2,106 2,687 2.2 2.5 2.4 3.0

Kansas

1,495,524 1,517,491 1,500,797 1,518,343 31,300 42,263 36,614 40,894 2.1 2.8 2.4 2.7

Lawrence

67,042 69,260 66,598 68,853 1,291 1,781 1,548 1,721 1.9 2.6 2.3 2.5

Manhattan

47,799 49,801 47,260 49,139 917 1,238 1,114 1,133 1.9 2.5 2.4 2.3

Topeka

120,432 122,245 121,277 122,482 2,546 3,439 2,999 3,327 2.1 2.8 2.5 2.7

Wichita

318,706 323,434 318,808 321,908 7,956 9,843 9,028 9,604 2.5 3.0 2.8 3.0

Kentucky

2,046,354 2,054,682 2,053,884 2,062,436 69,639 67,115 78,429 79,345 3.4 3.3 3.8 3.8

Bowling Green

84,478 86,442 84,531 86,789 2,784 2,718 2,839 3,214 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.7

Elizabethtown-Fort Knox

64,655 64,627 64,896 64,793 2,346 2,188 2,798 2,593 3.6 3.4 4.3 4.0

Lexington-Fayette

274,442 278,809 274,573 280,000 7,826 7,365 8,010 8,955 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.2

Louisville/Jefferson County

670,060 670,799 676,646 671,224 18,960 18,748 25,969 22,606 2.8 2.8 3.8 3.4

Owensboro

53,969 53,531 54,374 53,576 1,766 1,946 2,048 2,164 3.3 3.6 3.8 4.0

Louisiana

2,086,075 2,111,151 2,087,581 2,106,815 67,134 67,691 72,898 82,195 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.9

Alexandria

64,486 65,524 64,221 65,220 1,781 1,901 1,971 2,309 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.5

Baton Rouge

429,470 438,449 428,290 438,870 12,438 12,269 13,598 15,084 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.4

Hammond

56,514 57,671 56,624 57,511 2,138 2,165 2,307 2,668 3.8 3.8 4.1 4.6

Houma-Thibodaux

85,360 85,101 85,730 85,062 2,782 2,486 2,981 3,067 3.3 2.9 3.5 3.6

Lafayette

214,725 216,190 215,126 215,711 6,476 6,519 7,040 8,005 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.7

Lake Charles

96,133 96,759 95,534 96,483 2,974 2,878 3,224 3,509 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.6

Monroe

79,290 80,265 79,942 80,659 2,560 2,759 2,852 3,344 3.2 3.4 3.6 4.1

New Orleans-Metairie

589,021 597,238 591,234 593,842 20,019 19,615 21,250 23,667 3.4 3.3 3.6 4.0

Shreveport-Bossier City

184,666 186,734 185,167 186,909 6,008 6,160 6,627 7,583 3.3 3.3 3.6 4.1

Maine

670,779 675,254 673,215 678,412 20,062 16,180 18,923 17,653 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.6

Bangor

69,161 69,347 68,526 69,398 1,903 1,481 1,791 1,621 2.8 2.1 2.6 2.3

Lewiston-Auburn

53,115 53,319 52,813 53,569 1,507 1,280 1,468 1,417 2.8 2.4 2.8 2.6

Portland-South Portland

202,082 206,015 203,635 207,926 4,756 4,002 4,853 4,638 2.4 1.9 2.4 2.2

Maryland

3,150,518 3,182,403 3,157,874 3,191,400 91,435 58,898 97,863 70,018 2.9 1.9 3.1 2.2

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson

1,470,363 1,481,789 1,472,507 1,487,615 42,142 27,547 45,158 32,942 2.9 1.9 3.1 2.2

California-Lexington Park

57,691 57,394 57,839 57,123 1,551 940 1,670 1,178 2.7 1.6 2.9 2.1

Cumberland

43,460 44,156 43,818 44,299 1,548 1,198 1,574 1,300 3.6 2.7 3.6 2.9

Hagerstown-Martinsburg

131,280 130,286 131,590 130,461 3,566 3,186 3,868 3,499 2.7 2.4 2.9 2.7

Massachusetts

3,721,504 3,709,917 3,726,911 3,682,046 128,630 90,446 134,145 84,244 3.5 2.4 3.6 2.3

Barnstable Town

119,637 119,317 123,475 122,291 5,177 3,642 4,945 3,062 4.3 3.1 4.0 2.5

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua

2,770,202 2,773,715 2,770,938 2,748,459 86,189 60,778 91,342 59,083 3.1 2.2 3.3 2.1

Leominster-Gardner

78,580 77,472 78,158 76,917 3,203 2,248 3,175 1,944 4.1 2.9 4.1 2.5

New Bedford

83,949 82,430 84,039 82,051 4,078 2,859 4,022 2,435 4.9 3.5 4.8 3.0

Pittsfield

39,920 38,984 40,143 38,900 1,740 1,140 1,707 979 4.4 2.9 4.3 2.5

Springfield

368,662 365,063 368,353 361,712 14,859 9,772 15,213 9,460 4.0 2.7 4.1 2.6

Worcester

358,285 353,674 359,132 352,412 12,796 9,000 13,400 8,669 3.6 2.5 3.7 2.5

Michigan

4,801,789 4,884,860 4,853,063 4,970,486 191,439 140,062 200,435 186,699 4.0 2.9 4.1 3.8

Ann Arbor

195,145 204,182 195,415 204,987 6,314 5,008 7,542 7,291 3.2 2.5 3.9 3.6

Battle Creek

59,610 60,842 60,586 62,051 2,652 2,240 2,830 2,831 4.4 3.7 4.7 4.6

Bay City

48,745 50,187 49,332 50,794 2,483 2,177 2,400 2,517 5.1 4.3 4.9 5.0

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

2,088,663 2,093,401 2,094,998 2,118,726 73,912 41,859 78,151 64,882 3.5 2.0 3.7 3.1

Flint

176,985 182,028 179,373 185,587 9,473 7,854 9,593 9,396 5.4 4.3 5.3 5.1

Grand Rapids-Wyoming

577,387 599,169 587,445 611,719 18,470 15,425 20,731 20,895 3.2 2.6 3.5 3.4

Jackson

74,291 75,343 74,755 76,637 3,140 2,454 3,284 3,201 4.2 3.3 4.4 4.2

Kalamazoo-Portage

165,454 170,148 167,457 172,573 6,339 5,396 6,906 7,101 3.8 3.2 4.1 4.1

Lansing-East Lansing

243,390 251,795 245,904 256,348 10,084 7,380 11,906 9,895 4.1 2.9 4.8 3.9

Midland

39,825 40,867 40,401 41,494 1,683 1,377 1,707 1,678 4.2 3.4 4.2 4.0

Monroe

74,472 75,866 75,646 77,546 3,231 2,527 3,536 3,754 4.3 3.3 4.7 4.8

Muskegon

75,933 77,843 77,625 79,375 3,606 2,917 3,738 3,695 4.7 3.7 4.8 4.7

Niles-Benton Harbor

70,891 73,537 72,379 75,186 2,970 2,492 3,135 3,237 4.2 3.4 4.3 4.3

Saginaw

82,482 84,266 83,065 84,903 4,448 3,821 4,461 4,521 5.4 4.5 5.4 5.3

Minnesota

3,054,785 3,089,653 3,076,643 3,119,942 66,642 89,711 66,382 91,700 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.9

Duluth

139,897 140,796 140,421 140,733 4,282 5,209 4,427 5,207 3.1 3.7 3.2 3.7

Mankato-North Mankato

60,768 62,871 60,065 62,591 1,028 1,454 1,045 1,476 1.7 2.3 1.7 2.4

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington

1,999,001 2,021,649 2,012,185 2,048,236 40,439 53,959 42,227 59,114 2.0 2.7 2.1 2.9

Rochester

124,826 127,766 125,593 127,833 2,278 3,003 2,236 3,067 1.8 2.4 1.8 2.4

St. Cloud

110,560 112,177 110,577 111,811 2,643 3,443 2,457 3,159 2.4 3.1 2.2 2.8

Mississippi

1,254,814 1,250,793 1,258,261 1,242,868 43,420 34,021 47,145 37,388 3.5 2.7 3.7 3.0

Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula

164,628 165,088 165,389 164,253 5,826 4,382 6,308 4,866 3.5 2.7 3.8 3.0

Hattiesburg

69,254 69,549 69,045 68,605 2,182 1,661 2,347 1,820 3.2 2.4 3.4 2.7

Jackson

260,824 264,719 260,836 262,872 8,162 6,304 8,903 6,951 3.1 2.4 3.4 2.6

Missouri

3,051,721 3,131,211 3,069,864 3,139,913 62,551 75,889 69,447 90,820 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.9

Cape Girardeau

47,416 48,582 47,923 48,781 911 1,109 1,095 1,359 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.8

Columbia

99,596 102,996 100,066 103,471 1,517 1,999 1,954 2,570 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.5

Jefferson City

74,976 77,529 75,451 77,201 1,216 1,534 1,465 1,907 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.5

Joplin

83,330 85,814 83,959 85,982 1,594 2,066 1,878 2,570 1.9 2.4 2.2 3.0

Kansas City

1,141,903 1,179,312 1,145,380 1,184,236 24,088 30,726 26,599 33,185 2.1 2.6 2.3 2.8

St. Joseph

59,543 60,315 59,697 60,255 1,110 1,372 1,273 1,625 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.7

St. Louis(2)

1,454,313 1,480,231 1,461,058 1,482,834 35,543 39,723 37,562 44,913 2.4 2.7 2.6 3.0

Springfield

241,322 248,380 242,073 248,163 4,027 5,229 4,820 6,480 1.7 2.1 2.0 2.6

Montana

565,384 574,167 567,905 579,106 15,122 13,568 13,415 13,839 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.4

Billings

93,387 91,879 94,169 93,335 2,257 1,926 2,030 2,047 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.2

Great Falls

39,157 39,779 39,129 40,092 1,049 895 930 963 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.4

Missoula

66,334 68,433 67,084 69,455 1,777 1,551 1,567 1,602 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.3

Nebraska

1,057,257 1,062,906 1,062,770 1,065,527 20,693 19,233 22,263 21,970 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.1

Grand Island

45,669 45,881 45,966 46,191 861 811 1,174 926 1.9 1.8 2.6 2.0

Lincoln

189,209 191,718 189,700 192,752 3,547 3,263 3,898 3,845 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.0

Omaha-Council Bluffs

503,459 511,305 506,025 511,719 10,644 10,268 11,224 11,443 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.2

Nevada

1,531,783 1,579,087 1,547,500 1,586,849 80,002 81,336 81,089 83,602 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.3

Carson City

24,895 25,858 25,078 26,012 929 1,184 931 1,150 3.7 4.6 3.7 4.4

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise

1,126,701 1,163,636 1,139,989 1,170,248 66,254 63,775 66,959 65,566 5.9 5.5 5.9 5.6

Reno

255,799 265,267 258,243 265,233 8,230 10,641 8,477 10,891 3.2 4.0 3.3 4.1

New Hampshire

758,136 752,672 760,641 752,116 16,716 9,078 15,970 11,453 2.2 1.2 2.1 1.5

Dover-Durham

84,912 85,030 85,518 85,210 1,685 975 1,670 1,290 2.0 1.1 2.0 1.5

Manchester

120,849 120,535 120,578 120,207 2,531 1,347 2,458 1,736 2.1 1.1 2.0 1.4

Portsmouth

76,260 76,866 77,150 77,268 1,535 958 1,500 1,172 2.0 1.2 1.9 1.5

New Jersey

4,699,368 4,840,452 4,719,435 4,850,755 173,783 149,886 166,718 186,937 3.7 3.1 3.5 3.9

Atlantic City-Hammonton

120,428 125,765 122,071 126,252 6,245 5,288 5,869 6,310 5.2 4.2 4.8 5.0

Ocean City

42,948 44,604 46,778 49,087 3,180 2,981 2,546 3,031 7.4 6.7 5.4 6.2

Trenton

214,284 222,476 214,788 223,578 6,820 5,930 6,636 7,376 3.2 2.7 3.1 3.3

Vineland-Bridgeton

68,871 70,361 70,163 70,920 3,331 3,231 3,158 3,865 4.8 4.6 4.5 5.4

New Mexico

944,896 951,027 943,758 952,661 38,773 29,346 36,656 32,038 4.1 3.1 3.9 3.4

Albuquerque

440,384 441,856 438,845 441,875 16,443 12,468 15,731 13,690 3.7 2.8 3.6 3.1

Farmington

49,220 49,922 49,241 49,667 2,260 1,747 2,138 1,883 4.6 3.5 4.3 3.8

Las Cruces

99,154 100,482 99,372 101,318 4,633 3,871 4,288 4,211 4.7 3.9 4.3 4.2

Santa Fe

72,436 71,869 72,544 71,808 2,594 1,885 2,483 2,064 3.6 2.6 3.4 2.9

New York

9,561,873 9,652,682 9,611,179 9,723,029 394,699 355,865 379,712 372,547 4.1 3.7 4.0 3.8

Albany-Schenectady-Troy

456,587 461,256 457,706 459,535 12,242 10,624 12,339 12,278 2.7 2.3 2.7 2.7

Binghamton

104,483 104,331 105,631 104,926 3,448 2,768 3,330 3,168 3.3 2.7 3.2 3.0

Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls

539,905 543,902 544,554 549,276 18,118 15,016 17,249 17,041 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.1

Elmira

34,723 34,352 35,064 34,554 1,153 985 1,143 1,161 3.3 2.9 3.3 3.4

Glens Falls

57,267 58,331 58,502 59,064 1,855 1,614 1,712 1,678 3.2 2.8 2.9 2.8

Ithaca

51,646 51,590 51,045 51,061 1,187 1,027 1,260 1,274 2.3 2.0 2.5 2.5

Kingston

87,252 87,354 88,477 88,083 2,527 2,091 2,454 2,483 2.9 2.4 2.8 2.8

New York-Newark-Jersey City

10,143,630 10,326,850 10,180,507 10,381,918 430,237 387,461 413,859 421,948 4.2 3.8 4.1 4.1

Rochester

523,975 526,843 526,234 528,165 16,171 13,280 15,871 15,420 3.1 2.5 3.0 2.9

Syracuse

307,093 312,653 308,654 312,714 9,834 8,062 9,550 9,265 3.2 2.6 3.1 3.0

Utica-Rome

126,568 127,209 127,896 127,354 4,278 3,589 4,021 3,982 3.4 2.8 3.1 3.1

Watertown-Fort Drum

43,441 43,484 44,457 44,456 1,718 1,422 1,480 1,527 4.0 3.3 3.3 3.4

North Carolina

5,153,229 5,214,964 5,178,101 5,249,919 166,051 163,277 184,479 179,804 3.2 3.1 3.6 3.4

Asheville

237,451 242,537 238,960 242,619 6,524 6,039 7,370 6,752 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.8

Burlington

83,124 84,113 83,334 84,272 2,713 2,651 3,041 2,918 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.5

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia

1,421,167 1,450,391 1,427,595 1,462,812 42,699 42,181 46,758 46,209 3.0 2.9 3.3 3.2

Durham-Chapel Hill

315,626 320,896 317,564 322,701 8,825 8,818 10,042 9,874 2.8 2.7 3.2 3.1

Fayetteville

148,590 148,104 148,775 147,763 6,635 6,336 7,159 6,968 4.5 4.3 4.8 4.7

Goldsboro

51,173 51,305 51,287 51,863 1,861 1,759 2,058 1,940 3.6 3.4 4.0 3.7

Greensboro-High Point

366,182 368,655 366,998 370,407 12,817 12,718 14,179 14,120 3.5 3.4 3.9 3.8

Greenville

88,576 89,581 88,528 89,627 3,176 3,126 3,577 3,560 3.6 3.5 4.0 4.0

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton

175,415 175,999 175,847 177,019 5,279 5,088 5,999 5,819 3.0 2.9 3.4 3.3

Jacksonville

68,163 69,851 68,704 70,586 2,568 2,500 2,906 2,794 3.8 3.6 4.2 4.0

New Bern

51,828 52,039 52,292 52,473 1,629 1,662 1,873 1,820 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.5

Raleigh

768,752 784,851 771,891 787,757 21,345 21,764 23,970 24,101 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1

Rocky Mount

62,340 62,445 62,628 62,867 3,118 2,819 3,277 3,023 5.0 4.5 5.2 4.8

Wilmington

160,309 164,151 161,217 164,716 4,678 4,619 5,226 5,088 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.1

Winston-Salem

330,641 335,057 331,091 336,335 10,448 10,202 11,732 11,270 3.2 3.0 3.5 3.4

North Dakota

412,090 418,924 415,619 421,229 8,712 8,963 7,185 7,980 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.9

Bismarck

71,530 71,513 72,286 71,339 1,446 1,580 1,223 1,380 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.9

Fargo

147,687 149,777 148,444 149,872 2,672 3,040 2,327 2,811 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.9

Grand Forks

53,523 54,686 53,658 54,489 1,125 1,227 989 1,173 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.2

Ohio

5,730,783 5,804,955 5,762,614 5,850,786 214,429 183,450 211,387 197,922 3.7 3.2 3.7 3.4

Akron

348,669 351,128 350,714 354,425 13,030 11,596 12,317 11,942 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.4

Canton-Massillon

193,184 194,524 194,657 196,922 7,209 6,385 6,877 6,830 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.5

Cincinnati

1,132,941 1,162,278 1,137,200 1,166,417 35,386 32,462 35,600 36,357 3.1 2.8 3.1 3.1

Cleveland-Elyria

1,020,623 1,029,768 1,027,675 1,034,421 48,760 34,760 50,203 39,727 4.8 3.4 4.9 3.8

Columbus

1,121,743 1,133,951 1,126,235 1,145,754 35,056 31,400 34,847 34,310 3.1 2.8 3.1 3.0

Dayton

378,957 388,954 381,197 390,573 13,459 12,313 13,358 13,425 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.4

Lima

46,927 46,486 46,975 46,694 1,743 1,743 1,680 1,744 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7

Mansfield

50,357 50,682 50,614 50,983 2,166 1,960 1,959 1,944 4.3 3.9 3.9 3.8

Springfield

62,677 63,613 63,003 64,268 2,376 1,979 2,205 2,121 3.8 3.1 3.5 3.3

Toledo

294,198 295,928 294,929 298,134 11,212 10,532 10,919 11,390 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.8

Weirton-Steubenville(1)

50,054 49,976 50,152 50,046 2,402 2,238 2,274 2,167 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.3

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman

228,704 228,215 229,523 230,496 10,288 8,758 9,819 9,246 4.5 3.8 4.3 4.0

Oklahoma

1,871,136 1,915,793 1,890,935 1,928,641 47,928 42,407 55,869 55,196 2.6 2.2 3.0 2.9

Enid

26,541 26,428 26,854 26,640 643 564 754 756 2.4 2.1 2.8 2.8

Lawton

49,572 50,602 50,150 50,903 1,511 1,294 1,789 1,797 3.0 2.6 3.6 3.5

Oklahoma City

706,998 731,592 714,097 735,598 16,746 15,143 19,463 19,639 2.4 2.1 2.7 2.7

Tulsa

481,888 493,085 487,658 495,598 12,891 11,139 15,030 14,453 2.7 2.3 3.1 2.9

Oregon

2,162,222 2,126,521 2,157,494 2,126,788 77,169 60,389 72,603 68,105 3.6 2.8 3.4 3.2

Albany

61,435 59,749 61,122 59,725 2,466 1,868 2,291 2,135 4.0 3.1 3.7 3.6

Bend-Redmond

102,427 100,353 102,301 100,188 3,532 2,881 3,292 3,214 3.4 2.9 3.2 3.2

Corvallis

49,137 49,302 48,868 49,175 1,550 1,056 1,378 1,207 3.2 2.1 2.8 2.5

Eugene

183,794 177,515 183,480 176,737 7,076 5,392 6,669 5,991 3.8 3.0 3.6 3.4

Grants Pass

36,618 35,683 36,572 35,810 1,721 1,369 1,642 1,490 4.7 3.8 4.5 4.2

Medford

106,123 103,844 106,120 104,132 4,265 3,568 3,964 3,889 4.0 3.4 3.7 3.7

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro

1,357,055 1,350,581 1,353,931 1,348,247 46,844 38,324 45,158 40,789 3.5 2.8 3.3 3.0

Salem

210,874 208,935 210,255 209,560 7,863 6,013 7,285 6,669 3.7 2.9 3.5 3.2

Pennsylvania

6,433,960 6,446,265 6,504,345 6,493,270 254,172 203,069 266,285 229,662 4.0 3.2 4.1 3.5

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton

450,079 449,652 453,729 452,638 17,623 14,710 18,184 16,575 3.9 3.3 4.0 3.7

Altoona

58,809 58,198 59,843 58,752 2,325 1,751 2,402 1,954 4.0 3.0 4.0 3.3

Bloomsburg-Berwick

42,928 43,152 43,268 43,093 1,502 1,320 1,655 1,474 3.5 3.1 3.8 3.4

Chambersburg-Waynesboro

76,958 76,832 78,544 77,880 2,536 2,012 2,756 2,355 3.3 2.6 3.5 3.0

East Stroudsburg

81,284 81,343 82,276 81,975 4,193 3,559 4,385 3,802 5.2 4.4 5.3 4.6

Erie

125,805 123,997 126,901 124,851 5,750 4,322 5,689 4,658 4.6 3.5 4.5 3.7

Gettysburg

54,626 54,818 55,136 54,988 1,592 1,267 1,733 1,521 2.9 2.3 3.1 2.8

Harrisburg-Carlisle

302,698 306,184 305,593 308,834 10,107 8,166 10,870 9,489 3.3 2.7 3.6 3.1

Johnstown

55,215 54,496 55,893 54,922 2,571 1,964 2,661 2,235 4.7 3.6 4.8 4.1

Lancaster

287,787 288,549 292,510 290,945 9,065 6,985 9,944 8,425 3.1 2.4 3.4 2.9

Lebanon

72,487 74,060 73,730 74,859 2,426 1,952 2,640 2,267 3.3 2.6 3.6 3.0

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington

3,197,785 3,243,909 3,213,800 3,257,367 122,558 101,963 126,227 117,072 3.8 3.1 3.9 3.6

Pittsburgh

1,171,832 1,171,253 1,183,886 1,178,897 47,215 37,190 49,184 42,329 4.0 3.2 4.2 3.6

Reading

212,196 212,078 215,132 213,335 8,347 6,811 8,837 7,810 3.9 3.2 4.1 3.7

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

275,047 275,625 276,866 277,195 12,586 10,536 12,955 11,393 4.6 3.8 4.7 4.1

State College

77,942 79,641 78,679 79,883 2,380 1,878 2,696 2,303 3.1 2.4 3.4 2.9

Williamsport

54,962 54,801 55,292 54,856 2,379 1,756 2,433 1,939 4.3 3.2 4.4 3.5

York-Hanover

236,967 236,347 239,605 239,062 8,082 6,330 8,683 7,439 3.4 2.7 3.6 3.1

Rhode Island

565,944 562,607 569,184 569,568 15,825 13,801 16,142 15,817 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.8

Providence-Warwick

699,986 692,312 703,252 697,565 21,500 17,810 21,713 19,172 3.1 2.6 3.1 2.7

South Carolina

2,372,817 2,433,399 2,383,773 2,446,950 62,445 59,369 70,355 68,736 2.6 2.4 3.0 2.8

Charleston-North Charleston

399,747 423,966 402,619 425,339 9,760 8,641 10,939 10,150 2.4 2.0 2.7 2.4

Columbia

402,986 405,992 402,844 408,729 10,005 9,438 11,385 11,110 2.5 2.3 2.8 2.7

Florence

95,329 97,628 96,831 98,323 2,565 2,419 2,891 2,837 2.7 2.5 3.0 2.9

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin

439,271 449,710 439,808 451,064 10,299 10,318 11,897 12,014 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.7

Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort

89,565 90,916 90,599 91,970 2,220 1,987 2,495 2,329 2.5 2.2 2.8 2.5

Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach

207,292 215,498 210,205 218,394 6,908 6,501 7,580 7,237 3.3 3.0 3.6 3.3

Spartanburg

164,961 169,323 165,273 169,627 4,250 4,343 4,866 4,757 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.8

Sumter

41,929 42,400 42,006 42,443 1,278 1,285 1,447 1,502 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.5

South Dakota

473,235 481,478 477,236 484,604 9,547 9,741 8,977 9,034 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9

Rapid City

77,035 79,125 78,954 79,619 1,572 1,527 1,564 1,574 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0

Sioux Falls

160,686 164,912 161,455 167,126 2,839 2,972 2,726 2,783 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

Tennessee

3,379,677 3,355,638 3,375,814 3,370,833 103,843 87,065 106,909 109,428 3.1 2.6 3.2 3.2

Chattanooga

274,496 276,340 273,959 276,736 8,059 7,117 8,412 8,968 2.9 2.6 3.1 3.2

Clarksville

119,398 120,638 119,390 120,425 4,375 3,853 4,539 4,759 3.7 3.2 3.8 4.0

Cleveland

57,719 56,982 57,495 57,103 1,834 1,620 1,895 2,021 3.2 2.8 3.3 3.5

Jackson

65,167 63,671 65,016 63,945 1,957 1,652 2,039 2,095 3.0 2.6 3.1 3.3

Johnson City

93,702 92,591 93,134 92,414 2,850 2,501 3,047 3,170 3.0 2.7 3.3 3.4

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol

135,956 136,495 135,764 137,883 4,077 3,756 4,501 4,532 3.0 2.8 3.3 3.3

Knoxville

443,962 442,176 442,943 444,445 12,479 10,314 13,099 13,293 2.8 2.3 3.0 3.0

Memphis

636,649 623,323 635,439 624,485 24,275 20,178 24,292 23,732 3.8 3.2 3.8 3.8

Morristown

53,376 52,820 53,415 53,124 1,749 1,434 1,822 1,811 3.3 2.7 3.4 3.4

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin

1,131,469 1,139,095 1,131,151 1,142,916 28,981 23,859 29,893 30,796 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.7

Texas

14,592,934 15,019,920 14,616,414 14,968,635 516,170 551,311 531,312 613,801 3.5 3.7 3.6 4.1

Abilene

80,739 82,140 80,783 81,631 2,518 2,568 2,625 2,891 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.5

Amarillo

137,381 138,535 137,279 137,825 3,649 3,880 3,878 4,385 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.2

Austin-Round Rock

1,385,440 1,437,941 1,388,174 1,431,271 35,669 44,196 37,441 49,407 2.6 3.1 2.7 3.5

Beaumont-Port Arthur

164,892 169,477 164,621 169,287 8,884 9,550 9,103 10,699 5.4 5.6 5.5 6.3

Brownsville-Harlingen

177,081 180,649 176,580 180,189 9,430 9,318 9,401 10,330 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.7

College Station-Bryan

146,869 150,562 146,036 149,550 4,067 4,298 4,252 4,845 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.2

Corpus Christi

202,497 204,904 203,248 204,920 9,388 8,505 9,334 9,293 4.6 4.2 4.6 4.5

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

4,219,808 4,381,570 4,231,993 4,364,431 134,334 149,837 138,908 166,317 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.8

El Paso

371,067 378,705 371,659 377,201 14,423 15,377 14,862 16,966 3.9 4.1 4.0 4.5

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land

3,487,692 3,590,444 3,499,432 3,587,296 134,392 141,761 137,243 158,624 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.4

Killeen-Temple

183,326 186,633 182,931 185,460 7,212 7,576 7,598 8,475 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.6

Laredo

117,364 119,096 117,504 118,672 4,660 4,583 4,734 5,108 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.3

Longview

97,052 98,389 97,281 97,980 3,713 3,715 3,796 4,212 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.3

Lubbock

169,829 171,211 169,399 170,461 5,025 5,119 5,274 5,789 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.4

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission

371,549 380,407 369,861 378,011 22,262 21,281 22,057 23,287 6.0 5.6 6.0 6.2

Midland

107,209 114,071 107,854 113,648 2,983 2,637 3,050 2,996 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.6

Odessa

82,662 86,306 82,676 85,847 3,087 2,666 3,092 2,941 3.7 3.1 3.7 3.4

San Angelo

56,820 57,561 56,507 57,317 1,738 1,857 1,812 2,082 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.6

San Antonio-New Braunfels

1,243,566 1,285,423 1,246,387 1,287,245 40,908 43,969 42,891 49,031 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.8

Sherman-Denison

65,380 67,407 65,736 67,082 2,150 2,376 2,283 2,647 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.9

Texarkana

62,663 62,829 62,802 62,753 2,497 2,233 2,568 2,405 4.0 3.6 4.1 3.8

Tyler

111,650 113,813 112,978 112,825 3,718 3,841 3,931 4,325 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.8

Victoria

44,581 45,101 44,314 44,779 1,705 1,706 1,770 1,871 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.2

Waco

134,021 137,118 133,499 136,161 4,322 4,802 4,542 5,033 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.7

Wichita Falls

64,586 65,000 64,499 64,517 2,286 2,270 2,368 2,519 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.9

Utah

1,725,736 1,788,955 1,737,045 1,812,321 38,004 40,086 38,517 44,671 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.5

Logan

79,380 81,333 79,681 82,178 1,463 1,543 1,553 1,749 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1

Ogden-Clearfield

348,635 361,572 353,151 368,064 7,655 7,907 7,692 8,827 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4

Provo-Orem

350,723 358,427 350,428 361,989 6,911 7,798 7,362 8,743 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.4

St. George

87,085 89,538 87,738 90,153 2,047 2,094 2,004 2,321 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.6

Salt Lake City

703,082 734,890 709,163 746,527 15,748 16,829 15,600 18,415 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.5

Vermont

338,411 341,667 340,106 341,510 8,429 6,583 7,532 5,707 2.5 1.9 2.2 1.7

Burlington-South Burlington

125,497 127,697 126,680 127,512 2,461 1,822 2,262 1,628 2.0 1.4 1.8 1.3

Virginia

4,415,574 4,569,901 4,436,434 4,607,280 105,061 113,021 127,927 123,312 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.7

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford

95,734 98,451 92,694 96,346 2,116 2,266 2,799 2,768 2.2 2.3 3.0 2.9

Charlottesville

122,240 127,538 122,093 127,794 2,657 2,776 3,340 3,198 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.5

Harrisonburg

68,077 70,848 66,878 69,583 1,522 1,624 1,996 1,990 2.2 2.3 3.0 2.9

Lynchburg

122,051 125,357 121,968 126,377 3,174 3,562 4,020 4,044 2.6 2.8 3.3 3.2

Richmond

692,792 723,384 697,895 731,387 17,258 18,963 20,861 20,378 2.5 2.6 3.0 2.8

Roanoke

157,491 163,736 158,462 165,798 3,726 3,987 4,576 4,412 2.4 2.4 2.9 2.7

Staunton-Waynesboro

61,119 63,408 60,915 63,684 1,365 1,455 1,693 1,648 2.2 2.3 2.8 2.6

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News

853,636 878,149 860,912 888,341 22,706 23,598 27,232 25,550 2.7 2.7 3.2 2.9

Winchester

77,305 79,951 77,397 80,084 1,607 1,761 1,931 1,964 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.5

Washington

3,951,368 4,038,958 3,967,534 4,048,898 146,250 141,922 149,185 134,024 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.3

Bellingham

114,164 116,006 113,975 114,796 5,103 4,463 5,189 3,639 4.5 3.8 4.6 3.2

Bremerton-Silverdale

127,272 130,213 127,975 129,375 5,395 4,804 5,433 3,855 4.2 3.7 4.2 3.0

Kennewick-Richland

148,081 151,246 149,459 151,800 7,430 6,654 7,141 5,397 5.0 4.4 4.8 3.6

Longview

48,150 49,301 48,328 49,044 2,619 2,267 2,563 1,852 5.4 4.6 5.3 3.8

Mount Vernon-Anacortes

60,901 61,928 61,175 61,606 3,025 2,562 3,020 2,047 5.0 4.1 4.9 3.3

Olympia-Tumwater

146,902 152,670 147,038 150,700 6,433 5,727 6,490 4,566 4.4 3.8 4.4 3.0

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,211,488 2,262,192 2,220,001 2,283,037 62,117 67,026 66,668 74,518 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.3

Spokane-Spokane Valley

285,043 290,799 285,473 289,306 12,748 11,520 12,477 8,884 4.5 4.0 4.4 3.1

Walla Walla

32,048 32,532 32,496 32,563 1,382 1,145 1,356 948 4.3 3.5 4.2 2.9

Wenatchee

64,060 65,373 63,868 65,985 3,053 2,646 2,891 2,116 4.8 4.0 4.5 3.2

Yakima

128,384 130,116 128,881 130,378 7,829 7,088 7,275 5,530 6.1 5.4 5.6 4.2

West Virginia

783,246 780,798 788,108 784,480 28,683 26,765 27,388 26,708 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.4

Beckley

44,601 45,498 45,412 46,074 1,703 1,553 1,622 1,574 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.4

Charleston

89,754 88,973 89,816 89,512 3,343 3,005 3,152 3,045 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.4

Huntington-Ashland

144,742 145,246 144,819 146,309 5,483 5,351 5,376 5,680 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.9

Morgantown

71,507 71,372 71,670 71,186 2,422 2,023 2,349 2,083 3.4 2.8 3.3 2.9

Parkersburg-Vienna

38,655 38,614 38,828 38,784 1,527 1,443 1,394 1,406 4.0 3.7 3.6 3.6

Wheeling

60,516 59,561 60,580 59,973 2,791 2,387 2,510 2,303 4.6 4.0 4.1 3.8

Wisconsin

3,065,443 3,097,090 3,074,106 3,119,249 85,327 70,383 86,428 83,578 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.7

Appleton

129,943 132,596 130,513 133,441 2,963 2,373 3,102 2,918 2.3 1.8 2.4 2.2

Eau Claire

93,582 94,004 93,669 94,034 2,569 2,276 2,272 2,290 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.4

Fond du Lac

55,767 56,640 55,810 56,972 1,216 1,054 1,355 1,274 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.2

Green Bay

170,751 174,019 171,312 175,245 4,234 3,400 4,409 4,176 2.5 2.0 2.6 2.4

Janesville-Beloit

84,853 86,055 85,265 86,615 2,785 2,226 3,036 2,806 3.3 2.6 3.6 3.2

La Crosse-Onalaska

76,359 78,026 76,251 77,705 1,636 1,422 1,736 1,692 2.1 1.8 2.3 2.2

Madison

392,843 404,007 392,396 404,590 7,691 6,438 8,590 8,497 2.0 1.6 2.2 2.1

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis

798,936 799,761 805,400 810,017 23,715 19,278 25,477 24,746 3.0 2.4 3.2 3.1

Oshkosh-Neenah

90,745 92,576 91,365 93,393 2,121 1,698 2,290 2,213 2.3 1.8 2.5 2.4

Racine

96,867 98,079 97,483 98,930 3,262 2,613 3,377 3,212 3.4 2.7 3.5 3.2

Sheboygan

60,480 61,417 61,172 61,796 1,337 1,056 1,505 1,414 2.2 1.7 2.5 2.3

Wausau

72,927 73,441 72,756 73,443 1,739 1,504 1,704 1,773 2.4 2.0 2.3 2.4

Wyoming

287,297 296,521 290,111 297,071 9,770 9,927 9,911 8,108 3.4 3.3 3.4 2.7

Casper

38,796 40,067 38,506 39,505 1,524 1,434 1,505 1,145 3.9 3.6 3.9 2.9

Cheyenne

48,112 49,772 47,761 49,532 1,542 1,612 1,604 1,383 3.2 3.2 3.4 2.8

Puerto Rico

1,199,229 1,177,329 1,186,541 1,166,614 69,850 66,459 69,504 71,266 5.8 5.6 5.9 6.1

Aguadilla-Isabela

96,815 96,717 95,718 95,489 7,591 7,632 7,341 7,913 7.8 7.9 7.7 8.3

Arecibo

59,180 57,294 58,312 56,754 5,017 4,138 4,871 4,229 8.5 7.2 8.4 7.5

Guayama

21,471 21,042 21,179 20,897 1,663 1,698 1,633 1,815 7.7 8.1 7.7 8.7

Mayaguez

30,422 30,292 30,078 30,002 2,012 1,841 1,972 2,003 6.6 6.1 6.6 6.7

Ponce

100,508 99,286 99,167 98,576 7,882 8,130 7,778 8,610 7.8 8.2 7.8 8.7

San German

38,156 37,749 37,534 37,285 2,808 2,717 2,820 2,871 7.4 7.2 7.5 7.7

San Juan-Carolina-Caguas

807,289 790,622 799,705 783,850 39,458 36,668 39,702 39,953 4.9 4.6 5.0 5.1

Footnotes
(1) For operational reasons, these interstate areas are listed under the state that accounts for the larger share of the population, which is different from the state that contains the first principal city.
(2) The area boundary does not reflect the Office of Management and Budget delineation.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division(1)
State, area, and division Civilian labor force Unemployed
April May Number Percent of labor force
2022 2023 2022 2023(p) April May April May
2022 2023 2022 2023(p) 2022 2023 2022 2023(p)

California

19,119,845 19,310,513 19,196,922 19,307,961 763,554 828,576 701,685 864,609 4.0 4.3 3.7 4.5

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,576,157 6,586,952 6,570,465 6,564,056 285,015 273,768 266,207 292,121 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.5

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine

1,575,310 1,596,707 1,583,335 1,594,665 45,863 48,633 42,375 51,196 2.9 3.0 2.7 3.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale

5,000,847 4,990,245 4,987,130 4,969,391 239,152 225,135 223,832 240,925 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.8

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,503,097 2,537,031 2,520,518 2,539,549 68,946 79,249 63,133 84,325 2.8 3.1 2.5 3.3

Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley

1,360,929 1,375,710 1,369,151 1,378,773 42,477 48,234 38,898 51,040 3.1 3.5 2.8 3.7

San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco

1,011,991 1,030,485 1,019,976 1,029,365 23,310 27,267 21,343 29,345 2.3 2.6 2.1 2.9

San Rafael

130,177 130,836 131,391 131,411 3,159 3,748 2,892 3,940 2.4 2.9 2.2 3.0

District of Columbia

386,488 386,532 387,666 391,319 16,139 17,287 16,710 19,071 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.9

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

3,408,214 3,486,168 3,421,524 3,508,888 89,953 79,932 101,098 89,726 2.6 2.3 3.0 2.6

Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville(3)

679,783 691,180 682,385 691,668 17,318 11,116 19,288 13,625 2.5 1.6 2.8 2.0

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

2,728,431 2,794,988 2,739,139 2,817,220 72,635 68,816 81,810 76,101 2.7 2.5 3.0 2.7

Florida

10,669,485 11,011,926 10,741,092 11,021,589 287,056 253,157 292,321 296,052 2.7 2.3 2.7 2.7

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

3,176,243 3,246,207 3,194,817 3,231,004 84,126 67,600 83,530 79,022 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.4

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach

1,055,128 1,082,552 1,065,995 1,086,370 28,763 24,659 28,810 28,619 2.7 2.3 2.7 2.6

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall

1,361,251 1,387,286 1,362,628 1,364,211 35,277 25,090 33,938 29,487 2.6 1.8 2.5 2.2

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

759,864 776,369 766,194 780,423 20,086 17,851 20,782 20,916 2.6 2.3 2.7 2.7

Illinois

6,435,143 6,444,625 6,455,149 6,378,771 278,159 237,513 281,171 231,418 4.3 3.7 4.4 3.6

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin(2)

4,931,253 4,943,035 4,953,486 4,901,863 210,512 170,428 216,202 169,813 4.3 3.4 4.4 3.5

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights

3,834,246 3,837,098 3,849,976 3,796,476 166,784 124,252 173,864 122,058 4.3 3.2 4.5 3.2

Elgin

315,114 317,477 316,537 315,665 14,208 14,626 13,018 13,695 4.5 4.6 4.1 4.3

Gary(3)

333,807 338,661 336,742 339,116 11,673 12,210 12,859 15,756 3.5 3.6 3.8 4.6

Lake County-Kenosha County(2)

448,086 449,799 450,231 450,606 17,847 19,340 16,461 18,304 4.0 4.3 3.7 4.1

Massachusetts

3,721,504 3,709,917 3,726,911 3,682,046 128,630 90,446 134,145 84,244 3.5 2.4 3.6 2.3

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua(2)

2,770,202 2,773,715 2,770,938 2,748,459 86,189 60,778 91,342 59,083 3.1 2.2 3.3 2.1

Boston-Cambridge-Newton

1,661,099 1,669,985 1,660,558 1,652,607 49,477 35,261 53,840 34,693 3.0 2.1 3.2 2.1

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton

108,411 107,842 108,380 106,444 4,335 3,251 4,428 2,971 4.0 3.0 4.1 2.8

Framingham

156,923 155,953 156,977 154,392 4,452 3,145 4,807 3,039 2.8 2.0 3.1 2.0

Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town(2)

116,379 115,167 116,838 114,688 3,497 2,410 3,530 2,331 3.0 2.1 3.0 2.0

Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem(2)

97,474 96,919 97,635 96,261 4,413 3,099 4,370 2,807 4.5 3.2 4.5 2.9

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford(2)

193,007 192,603 193,164 191,367 6,423 4,519 6,648 4,267 3.3 2.3 3.4 2.2

Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead

84,244 83,810 84,351 83,127 3,203 2,195 3,380 2,051 3.8 2.6 4.0 2.5

Nashua(2)

175,466 174,704 175,784 174,136 4,096 2,382 3,859 2,851 2.3 1.4 2.2 1.6

Peabody-Salem-Beverly

91,939 92,089 91,998 91,486 2,996 2,152 3,190 1,995 3.3 2.3 3.5 2.2

Taunton-Middleborough-Norton

85,260 84,643 85,253 83,951 3,297 2,364 3,290 2,078 3.9 2.8 3.9 2.5

Michigan

4,801,789 4,884,860 4,853,063 4,970,486 191,439 140,062 200,435 186,699 4.0 2.9 4.1 3.8

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

2,088,663 2,093,401 2,094,998 2,118,726 73,912 41,859 78,151 64,882 3.5 2.0 3.7 3.1

Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia

781,795 781,500 780,511 787,676 34,371 18,759 35,166 28,705 4.4 2.4 4.5 3.6

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills

1,306,868 1,311,902 1,314,488 1,331,050 39,540 23,101 42,986 36,177 3.0 1.8 3.3 2.7

New York

9,561,873 9,652,682 9,611,179 9,723,029 394,699 355,865 379,712 372,547 4.1 3.7 4.0 3.8

New York-Newark-Jersey City(2)

10,143,630 10,326,850 10,180,507 10,381,918 430,237 387,461 413,859 421,948 4.2 3.8 4.1 4.1

Dutchess County-Putnam County

197,309 195,779 198,282 196,117 5,393 4,378 5,462 5,362 2.7 2.2 2.8 2.7

Nassau County-Suffolk County

1,521,625 1,532,991 1,532,710 1,544,260 41,192 36,019 41,577 41,836 2.7 2.3 2.7 2.7

Newark(3)

1,289,085 1,324,380 1,293,170 1,325,832 48,240 42,083 46,460 52,879 3.7 3.2 3.6 4.0

New York-Jersey City-White Plains(2)

7,135,611 7,273,700 7,156,345 7,315,709 335,412 304,981 320,360 321,871 4.7 4.2 4.5 4.4

Pennsylvania

6,433,960 6,446,265 6,504,345 6,493,270 254,172 203,069 266,285 229,662 4.0 3.2 4.1 3.5

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington(2)

3,197,785 3,243,909 3,213,800 3,257,367 122,558 101,963 126,227 117,072 3.8 3.1 3.9 3.6

Camden(3)

676,937 695,885 677,670 698,153 24,112 21,321 23,532 26,606 3.6 3.1 3.5 3.8

Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County

1,103,898 1,115,565 1,117,086 1,124,768 35,215 28,739 37,446 33,163 3.2 2.6 3.4 2.9

Philadelphia

1,027,725 1,037,416 1,032,769 1,039,959 48,197 38,104 50,156 42,750 4.7 3.7 4.9 4.1

Wilmington(3)

389,225 395,043 386,275 394,487 15,034 13,799 15,093 14,553 3.9 3.5 3.9 3.7

Texas

14,592,934 15,019,920 14,616,414 14,968,635 516,170 551,311 531,312 613,801 3.5 3.7 3.6 4.1

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

4,219,808 4,381,570 4,231,993 4,364,431 134,334 149,837 138,908 166,317 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.8

Dallas-Plano-Irving

2,858,183 2,967,937 2,866,406 2,956,017 90,074 102,062 93,227 113,432 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.8

Fort Worth-Arlington

1,361,625 1,413,633 1,365,587 1,408,414 44,260 47,775 45,681 52,885 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.8

Washington

3,951,368 4,038,958 3,967,534 4,048,898 146,250 141,922 149,185 134,024 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.3

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,211,488 2,262,192 2,220,001 2,283,037 62,117 67,026 66,668 74,518 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.3

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

1,761,490 1,802,364 1,770,012 1,829,160 40,173 47,110 45,164 58,617 2.3 2.6 2.6 3.2

Tacoma-Lakewood

449,998 459,828 449,989 453,877 21,944 19,916 21,504 15,901 4.9 4.3 4.8 3.5

Footnotes
(1) These 11 areas contain all of the 38 metropolitan divisions.
(2) Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states.
(3) All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed. For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]
State and area April May Change from
May 2022 to May 2023(p)
2022 2023 2022 2023(p) Number Percent

Alabama

2,102.9 2,144.4 2,106.0 2,146.5 40.5 1.9

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville

46.9 47.7 47.0 47.8 0.8 1.7

Auburn-Opelika

69.8 72.0 69.3 71.8 2.5 3.6

Birmingham-Hoover

553.3 558.4 555.4 562.1 6.7 1.2

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley

84.5 87.2 85.5 88.1 2.6 3.0

Decatur

58.3 60.0 58.9 60.3 1.4 2.4

Dothan

61.4 63.2 61.7 63.3 1.6 2.6

Florence-Muscle Shoals

57.6 58.4 57.7 58.4 0.7 1.2

Gadsden

34.1 34.0 34.1 34.2 0.1 0.3

Huntsville

262.3 271.1 262.6 272.9 10.3 3.9

Mobile

187.3 192.5 187.9 193.3 5.4 2.9

Montgomery

177.1 180.4 177.0 181.6 4.6 2.6

Tuscaloosa

109.9 113.3 109.0 113.4 4.4 4.0


Alaska

312.5 319.9 323.2 328.9 5.7 1.8

Anchorage

171.6 175.9 176.0 179.9 3.9 2.2

Fairbanks

35.8 36.9 36.0 37.4 1.4 3.9


Arizona

3,098.5 3,158.2 3,090.5 3,139.1 48.6 1.6

Flagstaff

67.7 69.0 67.0 68.8 1.8 2.7

Lake Havasu City-Kingman

55.4 55.8 55.4 55.9 0.5 0.9

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale

2,322.1 2,366.9 2,316.2 2,353.7 37.5 1.6

Prescott

68.9 69.6 69.1 69.6 0.5 0.7

Sierra Vista-Douglas

34.3 33.9 34.0 33.9 -0.1 -0.3

Tucson

395.7 401.6 393.9 398.5 4.6 1.2

Yuma

60.8 60.3 60.1 60.5 0.4 0.7


Arkansas

1,326.9 1,360.5 1,332.2 1,368.9 36.7 2.8

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers

292.4 307.5 294.1 308.8 14.7 5.0

Fort Smith

113.4 115.7 114.0 116.0 2.0 1.8

Hot Springs

41.6 42.2 41.6 41.7 0.1 0.2

Jonesboro

62.9 64.6 63.1 65.1 2.0 3.2

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway

375.4 383.4 375.6 386.9 11.3 3.0

Pine Bluff

31.1 31.6 31.5 31.8 0.3 1.0


California

17,627.2 18,022.8 17,694.2 18,097.3 403.1 2.3

Bakersfield

286.2 291.8 286.2 293.5 7.3 2.6

Chico

78.0 78.4 78.5 79.0 0.5 0.6

El Centro

55.6 57.9 56.0 57.8 1.8 3.2

Fresno

376.1 388.7 379.0 390.2 11.2 3.0

Hanford-Corcoran

41.1 42.7 40.9 43.3 2.4 5.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,195.7 6,344.4 6,217.7 6,361.1 143.4 2.3

Madera

42.2 43.5 42.3 43.8 1.5 3.5

Merced

70.8 72.4 71.5 72.3 0.8 1.1

Modesto

184.7 188.6 185.9 190.2 4.3 2.3

Napa

71.9 74.0 72.8 74.7 1.9 2.6

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

311.8 316.7 313.2 317.8 4.6 1.5

Redding

68.4 70.2 69.2 70.8 1.6 2.3

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

1,659.2 1,668.7 1,659.5 1,676.1 16.6 1.0

Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade

1,061.2 1,087.1 1,064.7 1,093.9 29.2 2.7

Salinas

142.9 147.7 144.0 148.8 4.8 3.3

San Diego-Carlsbad

1,529.7 1,572.2 1,534.6 1,577.1 42.5 2.8

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,457.0 2,511.1 2,469.2 2,528.1 58.9 2.4

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara

1,145.1 1,178.1 1,150.9 1,180.8 29.9 2.6

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande

119.8 122.9 120.6 123.9 3.3 2.7

Santa Cruz-Watsonville

100.3 102.8 101.1 103.5 2.4 2.4

Santa Maria-Santa Barbara

195.4 200.2 196.2 201.6 5.4 2.8

Santa Rosa

203.6 208.8 204.7 208.9 4.2 2.1

Stockton-Lodi

270.9 278.1 272.1 279.4 7.3 2.7

Vallejo-Fairfield

138.9 141.7 139.8 142.8 3.0 2.1

Visalia-Porterville

137.7 141.6 138.4 142.2 3.8 2.7

Yuba City

50.0 51.7 50.7 52.2 1.5 3.0


Colorado(1)

2,865.4 2,887.4 2,870.8 2,896.3 25.5 0.9

Boulder

205.2 206.5 205.8 207.1 1.3 0.6

Colorado Springs

316.5 320.7 318.0 322.6 4.6 1.4

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood(1)

1,589.9 1,594.7 1,598.3 1,596.0 -2.3 -0.1

Fort Collins

178.6 181.0 180.7 185.1 4.4 2.4

Grand Junction

66.3 66.0 66.5 66.2 -0.3 -0.5

Greeley

109.6 110.9 110.5 111.0 0.5 0.5

Pueblo

64.6 63.9 64.6 64.1 -0.5 -0.8


Connecticut

1,662.3 1,676.8 1,673.5 1,697.5 24.0 1.4

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk

397.8 403.9 400.7 409.1 8.4 2.1

Danbury

75.8 76.2 76.0 77.3 1.3 1.7

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford

570.1 576.2 573.7 582.5 8.8 1.5

New Haven

298.4 301.9 299.6 304.0 4.4 1.5

Norwich-New London-Westerly

122.1 123.9 123.4 126.7 3.3 2.7

Waterbury

65.7 66.8 65.9 67.7 1.8 2.7


Delaware

471.5 481.2 472.3 487.0 14.7 3.1

Dover

71.9 72.2 71.7 72.7 1.0 1.4

Salisbury(2)

165.5 168.0 170.1 173.5 3.4 2.0


District of Columbia

761.4 770.6 760.5 774.0 13.5 1.8

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria

3,292.2 3,351.1 3,301.9 3,363.9 62.0 1.9


Florida

9,387.3 9,717.8 9,387.7 9,719.2 331.5 3.5

Cape Coral-Fort Myers

299.9 312.1 297.6 310.6 13.0 4.4

Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin

127.7 130.5 128.7 131.4 2.7 2.1

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach

216.7 225.5 216.4 225.3 8.9 4.1

Gainesville

151.7 156.3 149.0 153.3 4.3 2.9

Homosassa Springs

35.0 35.9 35.1 36.3 1.2 3.4

Jacksonville

765.2 797.4 768.3 800.1 31.8 4.1

Lakeland-Winter Haven

264.9 271.9 264.3 271.3 7.0 2.6

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

2,797.0 2,876.8 2,804.4 2,888.0 83.6 3.0

Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island

167.2 166.8 165.8 165.8 0.0 0.0

North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton

326.4 335.9 326.3 335.3 9.0 2.8

Ocala

115.9 119.1 115.8 119.5 3.7 3.2

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford

1,381.9 1,437.0 1,384.1 1,434.4 50.3 3.6

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville

241.5 248.1 241.3 248.7 7.4 3.1

Panama City

85.1 87.5 85.5 87.9 2.4 2.8

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent

192.9 197.3 193.0 197.5 4.5 2.3

Port St. Lucie

165.3 171.0 165.4 171.6 6.2 3.7

Punta Gorda

53.9 55.5 53.8 55.5 1.7 3.2

Sebastian-Vero Beach

56.9 57.4 56.6 57.2 0.6 1.1

Sebring

27.1 27.7 26.8 27.6 0.8 3.0

Tallahassee

193.9 197.2 191.4 195.9 4.5 2.4

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

1,474.3 1,530.4 1,471.6 1,534.9 63.3 4.3

The Villages

37.8 39.9 37.9 39.7 1.8 4.7


Georgia

4,778.8 4,885.8 4,791.1 4,901.0 109.9 2.3

Albany

61.9 62.8 62.0 63.5 1.5 2.4

Athens-Clarke County

96.9 100.6 96.7 100.7 4.0 4.1

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell

2,967.5 3,044.3 2,981.4 3,052.4 71.0 2.4

Augusta-Richmond County

246.7 246.1 243.6 246.8 3.2 1.3

Brunswick

45.3 47.3 45.8 48.0 2.2 4.8

Columbus

120.7 125.2 120.9 126.0 5.1 4.2

Dalton

67.2 67.8 66.9 68.1 1.2 1.8

Gainesville

100.1 102.7 100.9 103.8 2.9 2.9

Hinesville

21.7 22.1 21.5 22.1 0.6 2.8

Macon-Bibb County

101.2 102.6 101.0 103.0 2.0 2.0

Rome

41.9 44.2 41.8 44.6 2.8 6.7

Savannah

199.9 201.8 199.4 203.0 3.6 1.8

Valdosta

56.4 56.8 56.3 56.9 0.6 1.1

Warner Robins

79.3 80.4 79.3 80.8 1.5 1.9


Hawaii

615.3 632.4 614.8 633.5 18.7 3.0

Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina

73.7 75.3 73.8 75.8 2.0 2.7

Urban Honolulu

442.3 455.7 442.6 456.4 13.8 3.1


Idaho

819.0 844.1 824.5 848.7 24.2 2.9

Boise City

379.5 392.1 380.2 393.3 13.1 3.4

Coeur d'Alene

71.0 73.6 72.2 74.8 2.6 3.6

Idaho Falls

77.9 80.3 78.7 81.1 2.4 3.0

Lewiston

29.3 29.6 29.8 29.5 -0.3 -1.0

Pocatello

39.0 40.7 39.2 40.4 1.2 3.1

Twin Falls

49.7 50.3 49.9 50.4 0.5 1.0


Illinois

5,989.9 6,106.4 6,030.3 6,150.1 119.8 2.0

Bloomington

96.8 98.2 95.2 98.2 3.0 3.2

Carbondale-Marion

58.1 58.2 56.5 57.2 0.7 1.2

Champaign-Urbana

120.1 123.2 119.5 122.7 3.2 2.7

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin

4,660.4 4,740.6 4,695.5 4,777.4 81.9 1.7

Danville

26.7 27.1 27.0 27.2 0.2 0.7

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island(2)

181.6 183.0 182.7 185.5 2.8 1.5

Decatur

47.7 48.4 48.0 48.9 0.9 1.9

Kankakee

43.0 43.0 43.2 43.3 0.1 0.2

Peoria

167.8 172.0 168.8 173.7 4.9 2.9

Rockford

144.9 145.8 146.2 146.4 0.2 0.1

Springfield

107.2 109.1 108.7 109.5 0.8 0.7


Indiana

3,173.1 3,255.3 3,195.1 3,274.6 79.5 2.5

Bloomington

81.4 82.7 81.0 81.4 0.4 0.5

Columbus

51.8 52.6 52.0 53.4 1.4 2.7

Elkhart-Goshen

148.0 141.5 148.4 141.8 -6.6 -4.4

Evansville

157.5 160.5 158.4 161.5 3.1 2.0

Fort Wayne

228.8 235.2 231.2 237.9 6.7 2.9

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson

1,120.3 1,163.9 1,129.3 1,174.3 45.0 4.0

Kokomo

36.1 35.6 36.4 35.8 -0.6 -1.6

Lafayette-West Lafayette

106.7 105.3 106.2 106.3 0.1 0.1

Michigan City-La Porte

41.0 41.4 41.5 41.7 0.2 0.5

Muncie

48.1 48.5 47.9 48.3 0.4 0.8

South Bend-Mishawaka

137.5 139.3 138.2 140.1 1.9 1.4

Terre Haute

66.9 68.3 67.4 69.2 1.8 2.7


Iowa

1,569.8 1,596.1 1,575.8 1,606.9 31.1 2.0

Ames

54.5 55.5 54.5 55.4 0.9 1.7

Cedar Rapids

142.7 144.6 142.9 144.2 1.3 0.9

Des Moines-West Des Moines

382.2 390.6 383.9 394.7 10.8 2.8

Dubuque

60.5 60.5 60.5 61.3 0.8 1.3

Iowa City

99.4 101.3 98.7 101.0 2.3 2.3

Sioux City

88.1 90.3 88.6 90.7 2.1 2.4

Waterloo-Cedar Falls

88.9 90.1 89.2 90.5 1.3 1.5


Kansas

1,414.3 1,446.5 1,419.0 1,447.9 28.9 2.0

Lawrence

53.7 55.8 53.3 55.6 2.3 4.3

Manhattan

41.9 43.9 41.4 43.4 2.0 4.8

Topeka

111.0 112.7 111.9 113.5 1.6 1.4

Wichita

302.8 308.5 303.6 307.5 3.9 1.3


Kentucky

1,950.8 2,005.3 1,959.0 2,011.3 52.3 2.7

Bowling Green

77.8 81.1 78.3 81.6 3.3 4.2

Elizabethtown-Fort Knox

54.2 55.2 54.3 55.3 1.0 1.8

Lexington-Fayette

282.9 292.8 283.8 295.0 11.2 3.9

Louisville/Jefferson County

675.9 687.9 679.8 690.1 10.3 1.5

Owensboro

52.3 52.6 52.8 52.7 -0.1 -0.2


Louisiana

1,914.7 1,959.5 1,918.9 1,965.2 46.3 2.4

Alexandria

62.0 63.4 61.8 63.5 1.7 2.8

Baton Rouge

411.0 423.2 410.5 425.9 15.4 3.8

Hammond

47.3 48.7 47.4 48.7 1.3 2.7

Houma-Thibodaux

81.1 82.0 81.6 82.2 0.6 0.7

Lafayette

200.8 204.0 200.7 204.0 3.3 1.6

Lake Charles

95.3 96.7 94.9 96.8 1.9 2.0

Monroe

76.8 78.1 77.5 78.9 1.4 1.8

New Orleans-Metairie

555.2 568.7 557.6 567.1 9.5 1.7

Shreveport-Bossier City

174.7 178.0 175.4 178.5 3.1 1.8


Maine

629.2 632.6 638.6 646.9 8.3 1.3

Bangor

68.0 67.6 67.6 68.3 0.7 1.0

Lewiston-Auburn

49.8 48.9 49.3 49.8 0.5 1.0

Portland-South Portland

209.0 210.9 212.2 216.0 3.8 1.8


Maryland

2,695.0 2,733.6 2,713.5 2,749.8 36.3 1.3

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson

1,387.5 1,402.5 1,396.7 1,413.5 16.8 1.2

California-Lexington Park

48.5 48.3 48.8 48.1 -0.7 -1.4

Cumberland

38.2 38.9 38.7 39.2 0.5 1.3

Hagerstown-Martinsburg

103.5 101.9 104.3 102.1 -2.2 -2.1


Massachusetts

3,651.3 3,745.8 3,672.3 3,769.8 97.5 2.7

Barnstable Town

99.7 102.8 104.2 107.7 3.5 3.4

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua

2,763.0 2,837.8 2,774.2 2,850.2 76.0 2.7

Leominster-Gardner

51.9 52.6 51.8 53.0 1.2 2.3

New Bedford

65.6 66.6 65.9 67.5 1.6 2.4

Pittsfield

38.2 39.0 38.8 39.3 0.5 1.3

Springfield

331.6 339.9 332.2 340.5 8.3 2.5

Worcester

290.7 295.0 292.2 298.1 5.9 2.0


Michigan

4,344.4 4,397.3 4,380.2 4,459.1 78.9 1.8

Ann Arbor

225.5 234.2 222.4 231.4 9.0 4.0

Battle Creek

55.1 55.4 55.8 55.8 0.0 0.0

Bay City

34.6 35.2 35.0 35.4 0.4 1.1

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

1,995.3 2,011.2 2,008.6 2,040.8 32.2 1.6

Flint

136.3 139.3 137.8 140.3 2.5 1.8

Grand Rapids-Wyoming

566.2 578.6 571.4 585.2 13.8 2.4

Jackson

58.8 58.6 59.2 59.2 0.0 0.0

Kalamazoo-Portage

148.5 150.6 148.8 151.1 2.3 1.5

Lansing-East Lansing

231.7 237.6 230.9 239.3 8.4 3.6

Midland

37.5 38.0 37.8 38.3 0.5 1.3

Monroe

41.2 41.1 41.7 41.6 -0.1 -0.2

Muskegon

63.2 63.7 64.2 64.4 0.2 0.3

Niles-Benton Harbor

61.2 62.7 62.0 63.5 1.5 2.4

Saginaw

82.9 83.4 83.0 83.2 0.2 0.2


Minnesota

2,908.4 2,951.0 2,946.9 3,003.4 56.5 1.9

Duluth

129.9 130.7 131.0 131.6 0.6 0.5

Mankato-North Mankato

56.2 58.5 55.8 58.6 2.8 5.0

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington

1,933.1 1,956.8 1,955.2 1,995.4 40.2 2.1

Rochester

120.6 123.8 122.2 124.9 2.7 2.2

St. Cloud

105.4 107.4 106.2 107.8 1.6 1.5


Mississippi

1,161.6 1,177.2 1,161.9 1,179.1 17.2 1.5

Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula

159.6 162.8 160.1 163.3 3.2 2.0

Hattiesburg

67.2 68.4 67.0 68.1 1.1 1.6

Jackson

275.3 283.7 275.4 284.4 9.0 3.3


Missouri

2,925.2 2,979.9 2,940.2 2,989.4 49.2 1.7

Cape Girardeau

45.3 46.1 45.8 46.5 0.7 1.5

Columbia

103.5 106.0 103.8 106.6 2.8 2.7

Jefferson City

79.7 82.0 80.1 82.0 1.9 2.4

Joplin

81.6 83.3 82.0 83.8 1.8 2.2

Kansas City

1,105.1 1,137.0 1,110.3 1,144.5 34.2 3.1

St. Joseph

59.9 60.1 60.0 60.2 0.2 0.3

St. Louis(3)

1,406.8 1,425.4 1,413.8 1,432.3 18.5 1.3

Springfield

229.6 234.1 230.1 234.1 4.0 1.7


Montana

505.6 513.9 511.4 518.3 6.9 1.3

Billings

89.9 88.7 90.8 89.5 -1.3 -1.4

Great Falls

36.7 37.4 36.6 37.3 0.7 1.9

Missoula

64.2 66.6 65.2 67.3 2.1 3.2


Nebraska

1,021.3 1,042.7 1,026.1 1,044.5 18.4 1.8

Grand Island

42.5 43.1 42.5 43.5 1.0 2.4

Lincoln

189.1 192.2 189.2 192.9 3.7 2.0

Omaha-Council Bluffs

498.6 507.2 501.0 507.2 6.2 1.2


Nevada

1,481.2 1,539.6 1,488.7 1,547.3 58.6 3.9

Carson City

30.8 31.9 30.7 32.2 1.5 4.9

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise

1,075.1 1,120.4 1,080.6 1,125.8 45.2 4.2

Reno

261.6 270.5 262.4 270.6 8.2 3.1


New Hampshire

682.6 696.3 686.3 703.2 16.9 2.5

Dover-Durham

53.5 54.4 53.7 54.8 1.1 2.0

Manchester

114.0 116.8 113.4 117.3 3.9 3.4

Portsmouth

92.3 94.3 93.8 96.3 2.5 2.7


New Jersey

4,216.6 4,298.0 4,257.0 4,344.2 87.2 2.0

Atlantic City-Hammonton

126.5 132.0 129.4 133.3 3.9 3.0

Ocean City

38.2 39.6 43.2 45.4 2.2 5.1

Trenton

284.2 292.7 285.6 297.3 11.7 4.1

Vineland-Bridgeton

61.0 61.7 61.7 61.8 0.1 0.2


New Mexico

848.2 866.1 848.5 869.4 20.9 2.5

Albuquerque

402.5 407.9 402.0 409.8 7.8 1.9

Farmington

44.9 46.2 45.2 46.0 0.8 1.8

Las Cruces

76.1 78.3 75.8 78.6 2.8 3.7

Santa Fe

61.3 61.5 61.3 62.1 0.8 1.3


New York

9,436.8 9,639.4 9,510.2 9,727.0 216.8 2.3

Albany-Schenectady-Troy

459.0 467.4 460.4 467.4 7.0 1.5

Binghamton

97.3 97.9 98.3 99.0 0.7 0.7

Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls

538.3 548.1 545.4 555.7 10.3 1.9

Elmira

34.8 34.7 35.4 35.1 -0.3 -0.8

Glens Falls

50.1 51.9 51.7 53.2 1.5 2.9

Ithaca

64.9 65.0 63.4 64.4 1.0 1.6

Kingston

58.4 59.5 59.6 60.4 0.8 1.3

New York-Newark-Jersey City

9,762.1 9,998.9 9,834.5 10,089.2 254.7 2.6

Rochester

519.5 527.6 522.7 530.8 8.1 1.5

Syracuse

308.2 317.4 310.3 318.7 8.4 2.7

Utica-Rome

120.3 121.8 122.2 122.5 0.3 0.2

Watertown-Fort Drum

39.5 40.0 40.8 41.2 0.4 1.0


North Carolina

4,779.5 4,897.8 4,812.2 4,921.8 109.6 2.3

Asheville

200.1 206.8 201.5 206.9 5.4 2.7

Burlington

64.8 66.5 65.2 66.4 1.2 1.8

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia

1,304.9 1,342.6 1,314.4 1,356.9 42.5 3.2

Durham-Chapel Hill

335.9 344.4 338.5 346.7 8.2 2.4

Fayetteville

133.0 133.8 133.5 133.3 -0.2 -0.1

Goldsboro

40.4 40.9 40.4 41.1 0.7 1.7

Greensboro-High Point

362.1 367.6 363.8 369.6 5.8 1.6

Greenville

80.4 82.1 80.6 82.0 1.4 1.7

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton

157.4 159.3 157.9 160.2 2.3 1.5

Jacksonville

53.1 55.0 53.5 55.6 2.1 3.9

New Bern

46.0 46.4 46.4 46.7 0.3 0.6

Raleigh

695.8 717.1 699.8 720.1 20.3 2.9

Rocky Mount

54.3 54.9 54.4 55.2 0.8 1.5

Wilmington

140.9 145.9 142.2 146.7 4.5 3.2

Winston-Salem

274.5 280.8 274.9 282.2 7.3 2.7


North Dakota

422.1 431.3 429.1 437.9 8.8 2.1

Bismarck

72.8 73.0 74.0 73.1 -0.9 -1.2

Fargo

146.9 149.6 148.2 150.0 1.8 1.2

Grand Forks

52.3 53.6 52.8 53.9 1.1 2.1


Ohio

5,522.3 5,594.7 5,560.7 5,644.4 83.7 1.5

Akron

330.5 331.9 333.3 336.1 2.8 0.8

Canton-Massillon

169.4 170.3 171.1 172.3 1.2 0.7

Cincinnati

1,126.1 1,159.7 1,132.5 1,164.0 31.5 2.8

Cleveland-Elyria

1,045.3 1,053.4 1,054.8 1,061.9 7.1 0.7

Columbus

1,137.4 1,147.4 1,142.9 1,159.1 16.2 1.4

Dayton

381.0 390.9 383.5 392.4 8.9 2.3

Lima

52.0 50.9 52.1 51.3 -0.8 -1.5

Mansfield

50.0 50.3 50.4 50.8 0.4 0.8

Springfield

49.5 50.2 50.0 50.7 0.7 1.4

Toledo

302.0 302.5 303.0 304.2 1.2 0.4

Weirton-Steubenville(2)

40.1 39.8 40.6 40.1 -0.5 -1.2

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman

208.4 208.9 209.5 211.1 1.6 0.8


Oklahoma

1,694.1 1,729.4 1,697.7 1,733.9 36.2 2.1

Enid

24.3 24.0 24.3 24.1 -0.2 -0.8

Lawton

42.8 43.6 42.8 43.7 0.9 2.1

Oklahoma City

665.8 686.2 666.6 689.0 22.4 3.4

Tulsa

451.6 459.7 452.5 461.1 8.6 1.9


Oregon

1,940.6 1,985.9 1,945.1 2,000.3 55.2 2.8

Albany

48.0 47.9 48.0 48.3 0.3 0.6

Bend-Redmond

89.9 91.2 90.5 92.1 1.6 1.8

Corvallis

43.1 45.6 43.2 45.9 2.7 6.3

Eugene

161.3 161.4 161.9 161.8 -0.1 -0.1

Grants Pass

27.4 27.6 27.5 27.8 0.3 1.1

Medford

88.7 89.8 89.1 90.6 1.5 1.7

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro

1,221.0 1,252.6 1,223.4 1,259.7 36.3 3.0

Salem

175.8 181.0 176.1 182.1 6.0 3.4


Pennsylvania

5,976.3 6,118.9 6,001.7 6,144.5 142.8 2.4

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton

384.0 389.4 385.7 391.6 5.9 1.5

Altoona

60.2 60.9 60.9 61.3 0.4 0.7

Bloomsburg-Berwick

43.3 44.2 43.2 43.9 0.7 1.6

Chambersburg-Waynesboro

61.2 62.2 61.3 62.8 1.5 2.4

East Stroudsburg

56.9 58.2 57.3 58.5 1.2 2.1

Erie

123.5 124.6 124.1 125.2 1.1 0.9

Gettysburg

34.0 34.7 33.7 34.3 0.6 1.8

Harrisburg-Carlisle

350.9 361.6 352.1 363.8 11.7 3.3

Johnstown

51.1 51.5 51.3 51.8 0.5 1.0

Lancaster

260.2 265.3 260.8 265.8 5.0 1.9

Lebanon

53.8 56.1 54.0 56.4 2.4 4.4

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington

3,006.4 3,090.2 3,016.4 3,107.0 90.6 3.0

Pittsburgh

1,145.6 1,170.6 1,153.4 1,175.6 22.2 1.9

Reading

176.8 179.3 177.3 179.0 1.7 1.0

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

260.9 267.1 261.6 268.3 6.7 2.6

State College

77.4 80.6 77.2 80.4 3.2 4.1

Williamsport

51.2 52.2 51.2 52.1 0.9 1.8

York-Hanover

189.2 192.1 190.0 193.9 3.9 2.1


Rhode Island

496.8 492.1 501.8 497.0 -4.8 -1.0

Providence-Warwick

594.7 590.8 600.2 595.9 -4.3 -0.7


South Carolina

2,235.0 2,287.1 2,246.2 2,305.4 59.2 2.6

Charleston-North Charleston

388.2 412.9 392.2 415.2 23.0 5.9

Columbia

414.1 416.5 414.1 419.8 5.7 1.4

Florence

92.9 95.3 94.4 95.9 1.5 1.6

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin

448.2 456.9 449.0 459.3 10.3 2.3

Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort

85.1 86.2 85.8 87.6 1.8 2.1

Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach

183.1 191.3 185.8 194.5 8.7 4.7

Spartanburg

166.5 170.4 167.3 171.2 3.9 2.3

Sumter

39.3 39.4 39.2 39.5 0.3 0.8


South Dakota

448.4 457.1 455.8 464.0 8.2 1.8

Rapid City

71.1 73.2 73.5 73.9 0.4 0.5

Sioux Falls

165.8 169.7 167.6 172.5 4.9 2.9


Tennessee

3,230.6 3,308.4 3,239.1 3,309.3 70.2 2.2

Chattanooga

269.9 279.5 270.3 279.3 9.0 3.3

Clarksville

97.2 101.3 97.5 100.9 3.4 3.5

Cleveland

47.3 48.2 47.4 48.1 0.7 1.5

Jackson

71.4 72.0 71.4 72.0 0.6 0.8

Johnson City

85.4 87.2 85.0 86.5 1.5 1.8

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol

121.5 124.0 121.1 125.0 3.9 3.2

Knoxville

426.9 439.9 427.4 440.3 12.9 3.0

Memphis

659.2 663.5 660.6 663.6 3.0 0.5

Morristown

48.6 49.9 48.7 49.9 1.2 2.5

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin

1,112.7 1,160.6 1,116.6 1,161.0 44.4 4.0


Texas

13,339.7 13,845.8 13,391.2 13,913.3 522.1 3.9

Abilene

74.4 76.1 74.6 76.2 1.6 2.1

Amarillo

126.1 128.1 126.4 128.4 2.0 1.6

Austin-Round Rock

1,261.5 1,312.6 1,265.2 1,316.0 50.8 4.0

Beaumont-Port Arthur

156.8 162.3 157.0 162.7 5.7 3.6

Brownsville-Harlingen

154.9 159.6 154.9 160.5 5.6 3.6

College Station-Bryan

134.3 139.1 134.3 139.3 5.0 3.7

Corpus Christi

189.4 194.4 190.8 195.6 4.8 2.5

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

4,044.3 4,221.2 4,062.3 4,234.6 172.3 4.2

El Paso

331.1 339.8 332.2 340.6 8.4 2.5

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land

3,219.8 3,335.8 3,235.2 3,354.3 119.1 3.7

Killeen-Temple

150.3 154.0 150.2 153.9 3.7 2.5

Laredo

106.5 109.1 106.7 109.5 2.8 2.6

Longview

97.5 99.5 97.9 99.7 1.8 1.8

Lubbock

156.5 159.2 156.5 159.5 3.0 1.9

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission

287.7 299.7 287.5 299.5 12.0 4.2

Midland

110.2 119.2 111.0 119.6 8.6 7.7

Odessa

76.5 80.9 76.8 81.0 4.2 5.5

San Angelo

51.2 52.3 51.0 52.4 1.4 2.7

San Antonio-New Braunfels

1,114.3 1,159.7 1,118.3 1,170.0 51.7 4.6

Sherman-Denison

48.7 50.5 49.3 50.5 1.2 2.4

Texarkana

59.2 59.6 59.3 60.1 0.8 1.3

Tyler

111.4 114.3 112.9 114.0 1.1 1.0

Victoria

40.1 41.0 39.7 40.9 1.2 3.0

Waco

131.3 135.0 131.0 135.6 4.6 3.5

Wichita Falls

58.8 59.7 58.6 59.6 1.0 1.7


Utah

1,676.8 1,718.7 1,678.2 1,727.1 48.9 2.9

Logan

72.2 73.5 72.5 73.7 1.2 1.7

Ogden-Clearfield

281.9 288.9 284.6 291.9 7.3 2.6

Provo-Orem

307.2 309.0 304.1 308.7 4.6 1.5

St. George

81.3 82.8 81.5 82.4 0.9 1.1

Salt Lake City

795.0 823.3 797.2 828.3 31.1 3.9


Vermont

302.8 305.5 302.3 304.1 1.8 0.6

Burlington-South Burlington

122.6 124.3 122.7 123.6 0.9 0.7


Virginia

4,052.3 4,137.1 4,054.1 4,152.6 98.5 2.4

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford

82.5 83.5 79.1 80.7 1.6 2.0

Charlottesville

119.9 123.2 118.9 123.0 4.1 3.4

Harrisonburg

70.3 72.2 68.8 70.7 1.9 2.8

Lynchburg

103.8 105.0 103.2 105.2 2.0 1.9

Richmond

687.7 707.4 689.7 711.5 21.8 3.2

Roanoke

161.0 164.9 161.4 166.2 4.8 3.0

Staunton-Waynesboro

51.7 52.8 51.4 53.1 1.7 3.3

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News

785.8 796.9 788.9 801.7 12.8 1.6

Winchester

69.2 70.7 69.0 70.5 1.5 2.2


Washington

3,499.8 3,618.5 3,521.3 3,633.2 111.9 3.2

Bellingham

95.5 97.5 95.3 97.6 2.3 2.4

Bremerton-Silverdale

94.1 96.6 94.8 97.4 2.6 2.7

Kennewick-Richland

122.1 126.8 123.2 128.4 5.2 4.2

Longview

41.4 42.9 41.7 43.4 1.7 4.1

Mount Vernon-Anacortes

50.7 51.9 51.1 52.4 1.3 2.5

Olympia-Tumwater

125.2 132.0 125.7 131.9 6.2 4.9

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,084.8 2,157.1 2,096.4 2,161.4 65.0 3.1

Spokane-Spokane Valley

263.6 269.9 264.9 272.9 8.0 3.0

Walla Walla

29.9 30.4 30.1 30.7 0.6 2.0

Wenatchee

47.5 48.5 47.9 49.3 1.4 2.9

Yakima

88.1 90.7 88.8 91.1 2.3 2.6


West Virginia

696.2 698.4 708.6 703.0 -5.6 -0.8

Beckley

41.8 42.9 43.1 43.4 0.3 0.7

Charleston

103.3 103.1 104.6 103.6 -1.0 -1.0

Huntington-Ashland

132.6 133.6 133.8 134.6 0.8 0.6

Morgantown

70.6 70.7 71.3 70.5 -0.8 -1.1

Parkersburg-Vienna

37.4 37.5 38.1 37.6 -0.5 -1.3

Wheeling

59.9 59.2 60.6 59.8 -0.8 -1.3


Wisconsin

2,946.2 2,992.2 2,966.7 3,004.7 38.0 1.3

Appleton

125.4 128.4 126.3 128.9 2.6 2.1

Eau Claire

88.0 88.4 88.9 88.8 -0.1 -0.1

Fond du Lac

47.4 48.1 47.7 48.4 0.7 1.5

Green Bay

176.2 180.1 177.9 181.1 3.2 1.8

Janesville-Beloit

69.1 70.0 69.6 70.0 0.4 0.6

La Crosse-Onalaska

78.0 79.7 77.7 79.2 1.5 1.9

Madison

411.3 423.4 411.2 422.5 11.3 2.7

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis

848.6 849.7 854.0 854.3 0.3 0.0

Oshkosh-Neenah

95.9 98.0 96.6 98.1 1.5 1.6

Racine

77.3 78.8 77.2 79.0 1.8 2.3

Sheboygan

61.1 62.3 62.1 62.4 0.3 0.5

Wausau

72.2 72.6 72.6 72.7 0.1 0.1


Wyoming

279.4 285.6 284.3 290.2 5.9 2.1

Casper

38.3 38.9 38.6 39.5 0.9 2.3

Cheyenne

46.6 47.3 47.0 47.9 0.9 1.9


Puerto Rico

910.4 949.4 909.4 951.6 42.2 4.6

Aguadilla-Isabela

56.0 59.4 56.1 59.4 3.3 5.9

Arecibo

36.6 38.0 36.4 38.3 1.9 5.2

Guayama

14.4 14.9 14.3 14.9 0.6 4.2

Mayaguez

33.6 35.7 33.6 35.7 2.1 6.3

Ponce

70.5 73.4 70.5 73.7 3.2 4.5

San German

20.8 22.0 20.6 21.8 1.2 5.8

San Juan-Carolina-Caguas

657.4 683.8 657.2 686.4 29.2 4.4


Virgin Islands

34.4 35.1 34.5 35.2 0.7 2.0

Footnotes
(1) Data for Colorado and the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO MSA featured in this table were incorrectly published on May 19, 2023. BLS corrected the data in the LABSTAT database on June 16, 2023. See https://www.bls.gov/bls/errata/sae_errata.htm for a complete listing of impacted series and BLS products.
(2) For operational reasons, these interstate areas are listed under the state that accounts for the larger share of the population, which is different from the state that contains the first principal city.
(3) Area boundary does not reflect official OMB delineation.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division(1), not seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]
State, area, and division April May Change from
May 2022 to May 2023(p)
2022 2023 2022 2023(p) Number Percent

California

17,627.2 18,022.8 17,694.2 18,097.3 403.1 2.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,195.7 6,344.4 6,217.7 6,361.1 143.4 2.3

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine

1,665.5 1,708.4 1,670.5 1,716.1 45.6 2.7

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale

4,530.2 4,636.0 4,547.2 4,645.0 97.8 2.2

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,457.0 2,511.1 2,469.2 2,528.1 58.9 2.4

Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley

1,174.6 1,195.2 1,179.5 1,205.2 25.7 2.2

San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco

1,172.6 1,205.3 1,179.2 1,210.5 31.3 2.7

San Rafael

109.8 110.6 110.5 112.4 1.9 1.7


District of Columbia

761.4 770.6 760.5 774.0 13.5 1.8

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

3,292.2 3,351.1 3,301.9 3,363.9 62.0 1.9

Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville(3)

585.3 599.5 588.5 601.3 12.8 2.2

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

2,706.9 2,751.6 2,713.4 2,762.6 49.2 1.8


Florida

9,387.3 9,717.8 9,387.7 9,719.2 331.5 3.5

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

2,797.0 2,876.8 2,804.4 2,888.0 83.6 3.0

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach

883.8 901.5 884.9 901.9 17.0 1.9

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall

1,243.7 1,293.7 1,250.7 1,301.8 51.1 4.1

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

669.5 681.6 668.8 684.3 15.5 2.3


Illinois

5,989.9 6,106.4 6,030.3 6,150.1 119.8 2.0

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin(2)

4,660.4 4,740.6 4,695.5 4,777.4 81.9 1.7

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights

3,716.7 3,779.4 3,742.6 3,804.1 61.5 1.6

Elgin

258.0 264.6 260.6 267.3 6.7 2.6

Gary

272.9 279.2 275.8 282.3 6.5 2.4

Lake County-Kenosha County(2)

412.8 417.4 416.5 423.7 7.2 1.7


Massachusetts

3,651.3 3,745.8 3,672.3 3,769.8 97.5 2.7

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua(2)

2,763.0 2,837.8 2,774.2 2,850.2 76.0 2.7

Boston-Cambridge-Newton

1,887.9 1,949.3 1,892.7 1,953.8 61.1 3.2

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton

79.4 79.6 79.6 79.6 0.0 0.0

Framingham

165.5 167.1 166.3 167.6 1.3 0.8

Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town(2)

66.4 66.8 67.2 67.6 0.4 0.6

Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem(2)

81.1 82.5 82.0 83.7 1.7 2.1

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford(2)

156.3 159.4 157.6 161.2 3.6 2.3

Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead

43.5 44.1 44.0 44.6 0.6 1.4

Nashua(2)

129.5 131.3 130.3 132.4 2.1 1.6

Peabody-Salem-Beverly

92.9 95.5 93.5 96.8 3.3 3.5

Taunton-Middleborough-Norton

60.5 62.2 61.0 62.9 1.9 3.1


Michigan

4,344.4 4,397.3 4,380.2 4,459.1 78.9 1.8

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

1,995.3 2,011.2 2,008.6 2,040.8 32.2 1.6

Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia

756.5 764.8 757.9 768.8 10.9 1.4

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills

1,238.8 1,246.4 1,250.7 1,272.0 21.3 1.7


New York

9,436.8 9,639.4 9,510.2 9,727.0 216.8 2.3

New York-Newark-Jersey City(2)

9,762.1 9,998.9 9,834.5 10,089.2 254.7 2.6

Dutchess County-Putnam County

142.8 141.1 143.0 141.4 -1.6 -1.1

Nassau County-Suffolk County

1,317.3 1,331.1 1,329.7 1,348.3 18.6 1.4

Newark(3)

1,229.7 1,252.4 1,239.9 1,265.0 25.1 2.0

New York-Jersey City-White Plains(2)

7,072.3 7,274.3 7,121.9 7,334.5 212.6 3.0


Pennsylvania

5,976.3 6,118.9 6,001.7 6,144.5 142.8 2.4

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington(2)

3,006.4 3,090.2 3,016.4 3,107.0 90.6 3.0

Camden(3)

561.1 569.3 563.6 577.4 13.8 2.4

Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County

1,099.1 1,131.4 1,105.6 1,139.0 33.4 3.0

Philadelphia

977.9 1,012.2 979.4 1,011.2 31.8 3.2

Wilmington(3)

368.3 377.3 367.8 379.4 11.6 3.2


Texas

13,339.7 13,845.8 13,391.2 13,913.3 522.1 3.9

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

4,044.3 4,221.2 4,062.3 4,234.6 172.3 4.2

Dallas-Plano-Irving

2,897.5 3,022.7 2,909.7 3,031.5 121.8 4.2

Fort Worth-Arlington

1,146.8 1,198.5 1,152.6 1,203.1 50.5 4.4


Washington

3,499.8 3,618.5 3,521.3 3,633.2 111.9 3.2

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,084.8 2,157.1 2,096.4 2,161.4 65.0 3.1

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

1,750.5 1,815.3 1,761.4 1,819.5 58.1 3.3

Tacoma-Lakewood

334.3 341.8 335.0 341.9 6.9 2.1

Footnotes
(1) These 11 areas contain all of the 38 metropolitan divisions.
(2) Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states.
(3) All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Data have been revised to reflect 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and available at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed. For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


Last Modified Date: June 28, 2023