Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey - July 2026

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 10:00 am (ET) September 17, 2026

USDL-00-0000

Top Takeaways

Job openings, over-the-month change

+89,000

July 2026, seasonally adjusted

Total separations rate

3.2%

July 2026, seasonally adjusted

Abstract

Job openings were little changed at 7.3 million in July. Hires and total separations were both little changed at 5.1 million.

Job openings and hires

Job openings levels, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2023 to July 2026
Month	Total nonfarm	Total private	Government
July 2023	8,657	7,662	995
Aug 2023	9,254	8,198	1,055
Sept 2023	9,259	8,267	992
Oct 2023	8,580	7,612	968
Nov 2023	8,602	7,571	1,031
Dec 2023	8,520	7,529	991
Jan 2024	8,378	7,485	892
Feb 2024	8,440	7,532	909
Mar 2024	8,206	7,214	992
Apr 2024	7,529	6,660	869
May 2024	7,782	6,755	1,027
June 2024	7,416	6,448	968
July 2024	7,426	6,493	933
Aug 2024	7,520	6,569	952
Sept 2024	6,943	6,071	872
Oct 2024	7,379	6,470	909
Nov 2024	7,566	6,682	884
Dec 2024	7,295	6,407	889
Jan 2025	7,431	6,552	879
Feb 2025	7,242	6,367	875
Mar 2025	6,952	6,119	834
Apr 2025	7,098	6,281	817
May 2025	7,310	6,517	793
June 2025	7,204	6,346	859
July 2025	7,089	6,307	781
Aug 2025	6,919	6,199	720
Sept 2025	7,169	6,405	764
Oct 2025	7,170	6,384	786
Nov 2025	6,846	6,188	658
Dec 2025	6,550	5,828	722
Jan 2026	7,240	6,488	752
Feb 2026	6,922	6,197	725
Mar 2026	6,887	6,157	730
Apr 2026	7,585	6,792	793
May 2026	7,537	6,723	813
June 2026	7,182	6,420	762
July 2026	7,271	6,461	810

Job openings

The number of total nonfarm job openings was essentially unchanged at 7.3 million, and the job openings rate was essentially unchanged at 4.4 percent.

Job openings, industries with the largest 1-month increases and decreases, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2026
Industry	1-month net change
Mining and logging	-1
Construction	28
Durable goods manufacturing	76
Nondurable goods manufacturing	2
Wholesale trade	50
Retail trade	3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	-67
Information	7
Finance and insurance	2
Real estate and rental and leasing	9
Professional and business services	-65
Private educational services	-1
Health care and social assistance	54
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	-24
Accommodation and food services	-18
Other services	-12
Federal government	-2
State and local government education	-16
State and local government, excluding education	65

Job openings by industry

The largest over-the-month increase in the number of job openings was in durable goods manufacturing (+76,000).

Hires levels, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2023 to July 2026
Month	Total nonfarm	Total private	Government
July 2023	5,672	5,290	383
Aug 2023	5,846	5,456	390
Sept 2023	5,773	5,401	371
Oct 2023	5,765	5,383	382
Nov 2023	5,535	5,158	377
Dec 2023	5,583	5,176	407
Jan 2024	5,591	5,194	397
Feb 2024	5,618	5,214	404
Mar 2024	5,452	5,062	389
Apr 2024	5,469	5,110	359
May 2024	5,492	5,126	366
June 2024	5,137	4,814	323
July 2024	5,430	5,037	393
Aug 2024	5,204	4,846	358
Sept 2024	5,427	5,071	356
Oct 2024	5,228	4,866	361
Nov 2024	5,155	4,820	335
Dec 2024	5,292	4,931	360
Jan 2025	5,238	4,883	356
Feb 2025	5,236	4,903	333
Mar 2025	5,333	4,997	336
Apr 2025	5,391	5,047	344
May 2025	5,328	4,988	340
June 2025	5,327	4,994	332
July 2025	5,225	4,908	317
Aug 2025	5,145	4,851	294
Sept 2025	5,244	4,898	346
Oct 2025	5,180	4,846	333
Nov 2025	5,019	4,739	280
Dec 2025	5,272	4,961	311
Jan 2026	5,347	5,026	321
Feb 2026	4,899	4,567	332
Mar 2026	5,535	5,217	317
Apr 2026	5,215	4,888	327
May 2026	5,252	4,909	343
June 2026	5,332	5,016	316
July 2026	5,054	4,758	296

Hires

The number of total nonfarm hires was essentially unchanged at 5.1 million, and the hires rate was essentially unchanged at 3.2 percent.

Hires, industries with the largest 1-month increases and decreases, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2026
Industry	1-month net change
Mining and logging	3
Construction	47
Durable goods manufacturing	-31
Nondurable goods manufacturing	-14
Wholesale trade	2
Retail trade	-21
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	-32
Information	-5
Finance and insurance	-37
Real estate and rental and leasing	5
Professional and business services	-188
Private educational services	6
Health care and social assistance	-31
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	10
Accommodation and food services	14
Other services	12
Federal government	-2
State and local government education	-12
State and local government, excluding education	-6

Hires by industry

The largest over-the-month decrease in the number of hires was in professional and business services (-188,000).

Separations

Separations levels, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2023 to July 2026
Month	Total nonfarm total separations	Total nonfarm quits	Total nonfarm layoffs and discharges	Private total separations	Private quits	Private layoffs and discharges	Government total separations	Government quits	Government layoffs and discharges
July 2023	5,564	3,552	1,677	5,224	3,358	1,581	340	194	96
Aug 2023	5,651	3,621	1,675	5,319	3,421	1,584	333	200	91
Sept 2023	5,507	3,644	1,531	5,195	3,453	1,462	312	191	69
Oct 2023	5,530	3,574	1,623	5,215	3,384	1,545	315	189	78
Nov 2023	5,494	3,576	1,554	5,151	3,379	1,470	342	197	83
Dec 2023	5,430	3,412	1,685	5,077	3,211	1,593	353	201	92
Jan 2024	5,367	3,347	1,641	5,030	3,147	1,567	338	200	74
Feb 2024	5,513	3,482	1,692	5,181	3,288	1,606	332	194	86
Mar 2024	5,265	3,289	1,647	4,955	3,118	1,569	310	170	78
Apr 2024	5,370	3,438	1,548	5,008	3,220	1,464	362	218	84
May 2024	5,424	3,386	1,747	5,075	3,170	1,664	349	216	82
June 2024	5,082	3,280	1,497	4,758	3,104	1,413	324	176	84
July 2024	5,390	3,359	1,711	5,061	3,186	1,623	329	172	88
Aug 2024	5,226	3,240	1,683	4,901	3,060	1,598	325	180	85
Sept 2024	5,160	3,123	1,780	4,840	2,938	1,706	321	185	74
Oct 2024	5,137	3,215	1,650	4,825	3,038	1,575	312	177	75
Nov 2024	5,156	3,050	1,831	4,835	2,869	1,755	321	181	75
Dec 2024	5,049	3,085	1,689	4,712	2,887	1,608	336	198	81
Jan 2025	5,241	3,203	1,738	4,924	3,023	1,658	317	180	80
Feb 2025	5,285	3,153	1,867	4,950	2,957	1,781	335	196	86
Mar 2025	5,288	3,456	1,595	4,943	3,266	1,494	344	191	101
Apr 2025	5,270	3,144	1,818	4,932	2,958	1,740	337	185	79
May 2025	5,288	3,287	1,671	4,922	3,096	1,572	366	191	99
June 2025	5,432	3,254	1,843	5,111	3,077	1,762	321	177	82
July 2025	5,170	3,132	1,772	4,855	2,954	1,696	314	178	76
Aug 2025	5,207	3,095	1,832	4,864	2,912	1,744	343	183	89
Sept 2025	5,161	2,990	1,816	4,744	2,747	1,736	418	243	80
Oct 2025	5,125	2,980	1,891	4,768	2,796	1,788	357	183	103
Nov 2025	5,035	3,119	1,660	4,718	2,945	1,581	317	173	79
Dec 2025	5,203	3,225	1,666	4,864	3,045	1,598	340	180	68
Jan 2026	5,144	3,131	1,660	4,820	2,952	1,591	324	178	70
Feb 2026	5,022	3,046	1,714	4,697	2,867	1,637	325	179	77
Mar 2026	5,377	3,160	1,884	5,065	2,986	1,811	312	174	74
Apr 2026	5,038	3,043	1,667	4,715	2,845	1,596	323	198	71
May 2026	5,260	3,153	1,761	4,930	2,969	1,676	331	184	85
June 2026	5,337	3,213	1,785	5,002	3,022	1,700	336	190	84
July 2026	5,072	3,056	1,666	4,731	2,866	1,582	341	190	84

Levels

The number of total nonfarm total separations was essentially unchanged at 5.1 million.
The number of total nonfarm quits was essentially unchanged at 3.1 million, and the number of layoffs and discharges was essentially unchanged at 1.7 million.

Separations rates, seasonally adjusted, July 2023 to July 2026
Month	Total nonfarm total separations	Total nonfarm quits	Total nonfarm layoffs and discharges	Private total separations	Private quits	Private layoffs and discharges	Government total separations	Government quits	Government layoffs and discharges
July 2023	3.6%	2.3%	1.1%	3.9%	2.5%	1.2%	1.5%	0.9%	0.4%
Aug 2023	3.6%	2.3%	1.1%	4.0%	2.6%	1.2%	1.5%	0.9%	0.4%
Sept 2023	3.5%	2.3%	1.0%	3.9%	2.6%	1.1%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
Oct 2023	3.5%	2.3%	1.0%	3.9%	2.5%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
Nov 2023	3.5%	2.3%	1.0%	3.9%	2.5%	1.1%	1.5%	0.9%	0.4%
Dec 2023	3.5%	2.2%	1.1%	3.8%	2.4%	1.2%	1.5%	0.9%	0.4%
Jan 2024	3.4%	2.1%	1.0%	3.8%	2.4%	1.2%	1.5%	0.9%	0.3%
Feb 2024	3.5%	2.2%	1.1%	3.9%	2.5%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.4%
Mar 2024	3.3%	2.1%	1.0%	3.7%	2.3%	1.2%	1.3%	0.7%	0.3%
Apr 2024	3.4%	2.2%	1.0%	3.7%	2.4%	1.1%	1.6%	0.9%	0.4%
May 2024	3.4%	2.1%	1.1%	3.8%	2.4%	1.2%	1.5%	0.9%	0.4%
June 2024	3.2%	2.1%	0.9%	3.5%	2.3%	1.1%	1.4%	0.8%	0.4%
July 2024	3.4%	2.1%	1.1%	3.8%	2.4%	1.2%	1.4%	0.7%	0.4%
Aug 2024	3.3%	2.1%	1.1%	3.6%	2.3%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.4%
Sept 2024	3.3%	2.0%	1.1%	3.6%	2.2%	1.3%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
Oct 2024	3.3%	2.0%	1.0%	3.6%	2.3%	1.2%	1.3%	0.8%	0.3%
Nov 2024	3.3%	1.9%	1.2%	3.6%	2.1%	1.3%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
Dec 2024	3.2%	1.9%	1.1%	3.5%	2.1%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
Jan 2025	3.3%	2.0%	1.1%	3.7%	2.2%	1.2%	1.3%	0.8%	0.3%
Feb 2025	3.3%	2.0%	1.2%	3.7%	2.2%	1.3%	1.4%	0.8%	0.4%
Mar 2025	3.3%	2.2%	1.0%	3.7%	2.4%	1.1%	1.5%	0.8%	0.4%
Apr 2025	3.3%	2.0%	1.1%	3.7%	2.2%	1.3%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
May 2025	3.3%	2.1%	1.1%	3.6%	2.3%	1.2%	1.6%	0.8%	0.4%
June 2025	3.4%	2.1%	1.2%	3.8%	2.3%	1.3%	1.4%	0.7%	0.3%
July 2025	3.3%	2.0%	1.1%	3.6%	2.2%	1.3%	1.3%	0.8%	0.3%
Aug 2025	3.3%	2.0%	1.2%	3.6%	2.2%	1.3%	1.5%	0.8%	0.4%
Sept 2025	3.3%	1.9%	1.1%	3.5%	2.0%	1.3%	1.8%	1.0%	0.3%
Oct 2025	3.2%	1.9%	1.2%	3.5%	2.1%	1.3%	1.5%	0.8%	0.4%
Nov 2025	3.2%	2.0%	1.0%	3.5%	2.2%	1.2%	1.4%	0.7%	0.3%
Dec 2025	3.3%	2.0%	1.1%	3.6%	2.3%	1.2%	1.5%	0.8%	0.3%
Jan 2026	3.2%	2.0%	1.0%	3.6%	2.2%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
Feb 2026	3.2%	1.9%	1.1%	3.5%	2.1%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
Mar 2026	3.4%	2.0%	1.2%	3.7%	2.2%	1.3%	1.3%	0.7%	0.3%
Apr 2026	3.2%	1.9%	1.0%	3.5%	2.1%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.3%
May 2026	3.3%	2.0%	1.1%	3.6%	2.2%	1.2%	1.4%	0.8%	0.4%
June 2026	3.4%	2.0%	1.1%	3.7%	2.2%	1.3%	1.4%	0.8%	0.4%
July 2026	3.2%	1.9%	1.0%	3.5%	2.1%	1.2%	1.5%	0.8%	0.4%

Rates

The total nonfarm total separations rate was essentially unchanged at 3.2 percent.
The total nonfarm quits rate was essentially unchanged at 1.9 percent, and the layoffs and discharges rate was essentially unchanged at 1.0 percent.

Total separations, industries with the largest 1-month increases and decreases, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2026
Industry	1-month net change
Mining and logging	1
Construction	-3
Durable goods manufacturing	-22
Nondurable goods manufacturing	-1
Wholesale trade	27
Retail trade	-8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	-22
Information	-15
Finance and insurance	-24
Real estate and rental and leasing	11
Professional and business services	-120
Private educational services	10
Health care and social assistance	-17
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	-16
Accommodation and food services	-32
Other services	-41
Federal government	1
State and local government education	1
State and local government, excluding education	4

Total separations by industry

The number of total separations was essentially unchanged in all industries.

Quits, industries with the largest 1-month increases and decreases, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2026
Industry	1-month net change
Mining and logging	3
Construction	5
Durable goods manufacturing	-4
Nondurable goods manufacturing	-7
Wholesale trade	24
Retail trade	8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	-10
Information	-2
Finance and insurance	13
Real estate and rental and leasing	4
Professional and business services	-77
Private educational services	4
Health care and social assistance	5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	10
Accommodation and food services	-86
Other services	-46
Federal government	1
State and local government education	-3
State and local government, excluding education	2

Quits by industry

The largest over-the-month decrease in the number of quits was in other services (-46,000).

Layoffs and discharges, industries with the largest 1-month increases and decreases, seasonally adjusted, in thousands, July 2026
Industry	1-month net change
Mining and logging	-2
Construction	-4
Durable goods manufacturing	-11
Nondurable goods manufacturing	4
Wholesale trade	0
Retail trade	-18
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	-16
Information	-14
Finance and insurance	-22
Real estate and rental and leasing	9
Professional and business services	-59
Private educational services	4
Health care and social assistance	-7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	-26
Accommodation and food services	37
Other services	6
Federal government	1
State and local government education	-1
State and local government, excluding education	1

Layoffs and discharges by industry

The largest over-the-month decrease in the number of layoffs and discharges was in finance and insurance (-22,000).

Additional Measures

Unemployed people per job opening

Combining the unemployment level and job openings level produces a ratio between the two series that can serve as an indication of how the number of unemployed people per job opening changes over time. The number of unemployed people per job opening was 1.0 in July.

Establishment size class

In July, for establishments with 1 to 9 employees, the layoffs and discharges rate decreased, and hires rate, job openings rate, quits rate, and total separations rate were essentially unchanged.
In July, for establishments with 5,000 or more employees, the hires rate decreased, and layoffs and discharges rate, quits rate, total separations rate, and job openings rate were essentially unchanged.

Revisions

The number of job openings for June was revised down by 177,000 to 7.2 million, the number of hires was revised down by 16,000 to 5.3 million, and the number of total separations was revised down by 14,000 to 5.3 million. Within separations, the number of quits was revised down by 19,000 to 3.2 million, and the number of layoffs and discharges was revised up by 19,000 to 1.8 million.
Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.

Additional Information

Contact Information

Technical information:
- (202) 691-5870; joltsinfo@bls.gov; www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:
- (202) 691-5902; PressOffice@bls.gov

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

Next Release

September 29, 2026 at 10:00 am (ET)

What is the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey?

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) produces monthly estimates of job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations.

JOLTS estimates can be used to gauge labor demand, monitor the dynamics between hires and separations, and measure labor turnover.