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Celebrating Women’s History Month with a Look at Women in the Labor Force

Tuesday, March 30, 2021

Happy Women’s History Month!

Here at BLS, we have a lot to say about women’s history—especially women’s labor market history since the 1940s, when our Current Population Survey (CPS) began collecting monthly data from thousands of American households. This survey tells us a great deal about how the employment characteristics of American women have changed since 1948, the first year for which we have comparable data. We can also examine women’s employment and unemployment over the past year, when the COVID-19 pandemic has affected so many parts of our lives.

Many more women are in the labor force nowadays than back in 1948. In 1948, 33 percent of women age 16 and older were in the labor force—that is, they were either working or looking for work. As of February 2021, 56 percent of women were in the labor force. As a result of this large increase in the number of working women, the share of the labor force made up of women grew from 29 percent in 1948 to 47 percent in 2020.

Women's and men's shares of the civilian labor force, 1948 to 2021

Editor’s note: Data for this chart are available in the table below.

Another major change in women’s lives is educational attainment. As more women have chosen to spend much of their adult lives participating in the labor market, they have increasingly invested in education that prepares them for these careers. Women and men today have more education than people did several decades ago, but the increase has been much greater for women than for men. Since 1970, the proportion of women ages 25 to 64 in the labor force who held a college degree quadrupled. The proportion of men with a college degree about doubled over that time. This measure reached 45 percent for women in 2019 (compared with 38 percent for men). There are still fewer women than men in the labor force in this age group. However, there are now more women than men with college degrees in the labor force.

Percent of women and men ages 25 to 64 in the labor force who have a bachelor's degree and higher, 1970 to 2019

Editor’s note: Data for this chart are available in the table below.

The CPS is probably most famous for measuring the unemployment rate—the number of unemployed (those who are not working and actively seeking a job) as a percent of the labor force. Since the 1980s, unemployment rates in recessions have typically been lower for women than for men. That is because the industries and occupations in which women tend to work have generally been less affected by economic downturns. However, the downturn in 2020 has been different in this and other ways. This recession had a large impact on service-sector jobs that are disproportionately held by women. As a result, the unemployment rate was higher for women than for men from April through September 2020.

Unemployment rates of women and men, 1948 to 2021, seasonally adjusted

Editor’s note: Data for this chart are available in the table below.

In April 2020, the unemployment rate reached its all-time high. The rate for women was 16.1 percent, higher than the rate of 13.6 percent for men. By February 2021, however, the rates for women (6.1 percent) and men (6.3 percent) were similar.

Unemployment rates of women and men, January 2020 to February 2021, seasonally adjusted

Editor’s note: Data for this chart are available in the table below.

Another statistic often used to gauge the impact of the recession on the labor market is the employment–population ratio. This ratio represents the number of employed people as a percentage of the population age 16 and older. Between February and April 2020, the employment–population ratio fell sharply for women, 10.0 percentage points, compared with 9.6 percentage points for men. Employment dropped by 13.4 million for women, compared with 12.0 million for men.

Employment–population ratios of women and men, 2006–21, seasonally adjusted

Editor’s note: Data for this chart are available in the table below.

Some of the decline in employment for women may be due to family responsibilities, which have changed during the pandemic as schools and childcare centers closed or reduced capacities. We see that the labor force participation of mothers whose youngest child was ages 6 to 17 fell by 4.1 percentage points from February to April 2020 and has recovered only 1.1 percentage points since then. For fathers whose youngest child was ages 6 to 17, labor force participation fell by 1.8 percentage points from February to April 2020 and has recovered 0.8 percentage points since then.

Labor force participation rates of parents, January 2020 to February 2021

Editor’s note: Data for this chart are available in the table below.

Another way this pandemic recession has differed from previous recessions has been the enormous increase in telework. Starting in May 2020, the CPS added a new question, “At any time in the last 4 weeks, did you telework or work at home for pay because of the coronavirus?” In May 2020, 41 percent of employed women teleworked due to the pandemic, compared with 31 percent of employed men. The share of people reporting that they had teleworked due to the pandemic declined during the summer of 2020 but has been fairly steady since then. Throughout the period, a greater share of employed women have reported teleworking due to the pandemic than men.

Percent of employed people who teleworked at some point in the last 4 weeks because of the COVID–19 pandemic, May 2020 to February 2021

Editor’s note: Data for this chart are available in the table below.

We do not yet know how much of this increase in telework will become permanent, but we know that whatever happens to women in the labor force in the future, we at BLS will do our best to measure it! Check out even more statistics we have on women in the labor force.

Women’s and men’s shares of the civilian labor force
Month	Women	Men
Jan 1948	28.1	71.9
Feb 1948	28.3	71.7
Mar 1948	28.3	71.7
Apr 1948	28.8	71.2
May 1948	28.3	71.7
Jun 1948	29.0	71.0
Jul 1948	29.0	71.0
Aug 1948	28.6	71.4
Sep 1948	28.9	71.1
Oct 1948	28.4	71.6
Nov 1948	28.6	71.4
Dec 1948	28.8	71.2
Jan 1949	28.7	71.3
Feb 1949	28.9	71.1
Mar 1949	28.9	71.1
Apr 1949	28.8	71.2
May 1949	29.0	71.0
Jun 1949	28.8	71.2
Jul 1949	29.3	70.7
Aug 1949	29.2	70.8
Sep 1949	29.1	70.9
Oct 1949	29.1	70.9
Nov 1949	29.3	70.7
Dec 1949	29.2	70.8
Jan 1950	29.2	70.8
Feb 1950	29.3	70.7
Mar 1950	29.2	70.8
Apr 1950	29.5	70.5
May 1950	29.3	70.7
Jun 1950	29.7	70.3
Jul 1950	29.4	70.6
Aug 1950	29.6	70.4
Sep 1950	29.4	70.6
Oct 1950	29.9	70.1
Nov 1950	30.1	69.9
Dec 1950	30.1	69.9
Jan 1951	30.3	69.7
Feb 1951	30.2	69.8
Mar 1951	30.6	69.4
Apr 1951	30.5	69.5
May 1951	30.6	69.4
Jun 1951	30.4	69.6
Jul 1951	31.1	68.9
Aug 1951	30.8	69.2
Sep 1951	30.7	69.3
Oct 1951	30.8	69.2
Nov 1951	30.8	69.2
Dec 1951	31.0	69.0
Jan 1952	31.0	69.0
Feb 1952	30.9	69.1
Mar 1952	30.6	69.4
Apr 1952	30.8	69.2
May 1952	31.0	69.0
Jun 1952	31.0	69.0
Jul 1952	30.8	69.2
Aug 1952	31.0	69.0
Sep 1952	31.5	68.5
Oct 1952	31.1	68.9
Nov 1952	31.6	68.4
Dec 1952	31.1	68.9
Jan 1953	31.0	69.0
Feb 1953	30.8	69.2
Mar 1953	31.0	69.0
Apr 1953	30.8	69.2
May 1953	30.5	69.5
Jun 1953	31.0	69.0
Jul 1953	30.9	69.1
Aug 1953	30.7	69.3
Sep 1953	30.8	69.2
Oct 1953	30.9	69.1
Nov 1953	30.4	69.6
Dec 1953	30.3	69.7
Jan 1954	30.5	69.5
Feb 1954	31.0	69.0
Mar 1954	31.3	68.7
Apr 1954	31.1	68.9
May 1954	30.9	69.1
Jun 1954	30.9	69.1
Jul 1954	30.7	69.3
Aug 1954	30.6	69.4
Sep 1954	31.0	69.0
Oct 1954	31.1	68.9
Nov 1954	31.0	69.0
Dec 1954	30.8	69.2
Jan 1955	31.1	68.9
Feb 1955	31.0	69.0
Mar 1955	31.0	69.0
Apr 1955	31.4	68.6
May 1955	31.2	68.8
Jun 1955	31.4	68.6
Jul 1955	31.7	68.3
Aug 1955	32.0	68.0
Sep 1955	31.9	68.1
Oct 1955	31.9	68.1
Nov 1955	32.0	68.0
Dec 1955	32.2	67.8
Jan 1956	32.0	68.0
Feb 1956	31.8	68.2
Mar 1956	31.9	68.1
Apr 1956	32.1	67.9
May 1956	32.3	67.7
Jun 1956	32.3	67.7
Jul 1956	32.4	67.6
Aug 1956	32.4	67.6
Sep 1956	32.5	67.5
Oct 1956	32.4	67.6
Nov 1956	32.4	67.6
Dec 1956	32.4	67.6
Jan 1957	32.3	67.7
Feb 1957	32.5	67.5
Mar 1957	32.4	67.6
Apr 1957	32.2	67.8
May 1957	32.3	67.7
Jun 1957	32.3	67.7
Jul 1957	32.6	67.4
Aug 1957	32.4	67.6
Sep 1957	32.6	67.4
Oct 1957	32.6	67.4
Nov 1957	32.6	67.4
Dec 1957	32.7	67.3
Jan 1958	32.6	67.4
Feb 1958	32.7	67.3
Mar 1958	32.7	67.3
Apr 1958	32.8	67.2
May 1958	32.8	67.2
Jun 1958	32.7	67.3
Jul 1958	32.6	67.4
Aug 1958	32.7	67.3
Sep 1958	32.6	67.4
Oct 1958	32.6	67.4
Nov 1958	32.6	67.4
Dec 1958	32.7	67.3
Jan 1959	32.9	67.1
Feb 1959	32.7	67.3
Mar 1959	32.9	67.1
Apr 1959	32.9	67.1
May 1959	32.9	67.1
Jun 1959	33.0	67.0
Jul 1959	32.8	67.2
Aug 1959	32.9	67.1
Sep 1959	32.7	67.3
Oct 1959	33.0	67.0
Nov 1959	32.9	67.1
Dec 1959	33.0	67.0
Jan 1960	32.9	67.1
Feb 1960	33.0	67.0
Mar 1960	32.8	67.2
Apr 1960	33.3	66.7
May 1960	33.5	66.5
Jun 1960	33.7	66.3
Jul 1960	33.6	66.4
Aug 1960	33.5	66.5
Sep 1960	33.6	66.4
Oct 1960	33.4	66.6
Nov 1960	33.6	66.4
Dec 1960	33.7	66.3
Jan 1961	33.7	66.3
Feb 1961	34.0	66.0
Mar 1961	34.1	65.9
Apr 1961	33.8	66.2
May 1961	33.7	66.3
Jun 1961	34.0	66.0
Jul 1961	33.8	66.2
Aug 1961	33.7	66.3
Sep 1961	33.6	66.4
Oct 1961	33.8	66.2
Nov 1961	33.8	66.2
Dec 1961	33.7	66.3
Jan 1962	34.0	66.0
Feb 1962	34.0	66.0
Mar 1962	33.9	66.1
Apr 1962	33.9	66.1
May 1962	33.8	66.2
Jun 1962	33.9	66.1
Jul 1962	34.0	66.0
Aug 1962	34.2	65.8
Sep 1962	34.2	65.8
Oct 1962	34.1	65.9
Nov 1962	34.0	66.0
Dec 1962	34.1	65.9
Jan 1963	34.2	65.8
Feb 1963	34.3	65.7
Mar 1963	34.3	65.7
Apr 1963	34.4	65.6
May 1963	34.5	65.5
Jun 1963	34.3	65.7
Jul 1963	34.4	65.6
Aug 1963	34.3	65.7
Sep 1963	34.4	65.6
Oct 1963	34.6	65.4
Nov 1963	34.5	65.5
Dec 1963	34.5	65.5
Jan 1964	34.6	65.4
Feb 1964	34.8	65.2
Mar 1964	34.8	65.2
Apr 1964	35.0	65.0
May 1964	34.9	65.1
Jun 1964	34.9	65.1
Jul 1964	34.6	65.4
Aug 1964	34.8	65.2
Sep 1964	34.6	65.4
Oct 1964	34.7	65.3
Nov 1964	34.7	65.3
Dec 1964	34.9	65.1
Jan 1965	34.9	65.1
Feb 1965	34.9	65.1
Mar 1965	35.0	65.0
Apr 1965	35.0	65.0
May 1965	34.9	65.1
Jun 1965	35.3	64.7
Jul 1965	35.3	64.7
Aug 1965	35.2	64.8
Sep 1965	35.3	64.7
Oct 1965	35.4	64.6
Nov 1965	35.5	64.5
Dec 1965	35.6	64.4
Jan 1966	35.7	64.3
Feb 1966	35.6	64.4
Mar 1966	35.6	64.4
Apr 1966	35.7	64.3
May 1966	35.9	64.1
Jun 1966	35.9	64.1
Jul 1966	36.0	64.0
Aug 1966	36.2	63.8
Sep 1966	36.4	63.6
Oct 1966	36.4	63.6
Nov 1966	36.6	63.4
Dec 1966	36.6	63.4
Jan 1967	36.4	63.6
Feb 1967	36.4	63.6
Mar 1967	36.4	63.6
Apr 1967	36.6	63.4
May 1967	36.5	63.5
Jun 1967	36.5	63.5
Jul 1967	36.6	63.4
Aug 1967	36.6	63.4
Sep 1967	36.9	63.1
Oct 1967	37.0	63.0
Nov 1967	37.0	63.0
Dec 1967	37.1	62.9
Jan 1968	36.8	63.2
Feb 1968	36.9	63.1
Mar 1968	37.0	63.0
Apr 1968	37.0	63.0
May 1968	37.3	62.7
Jun 1968	37.2	62.8
Jul 1968	37.1	62.9
Aug 1968	36.9	63.1
Sep 1968	37.2	62.8
Oct 1968	37.2	62.8
Nov 1968	37.3	62.7
Dec 1968	37.2	62.8
Jan 1969	37.3	62.7
Feb 1969	37.5	62.5
Mar 1969	37.5	62.5
Apr 1969	37.7	62.3
May 1969	37.7	62.3
Jun 1969	37.9	62.1
Jul 1969	37.9	62.1
Aug 1969	37.9	62.1
Sep 1969	37.9	62.1
Oct 1969	38.1	61.9
Nov 1969	38.0	62.0
Dec 1969	38.1	61.9
Jan 1970	38.1	61.9
Feb 1970	38.0	62.0
Mar 1970	38.1	61.9
Apr 1970	38.2	61.8
May 1970	37.9	62.1
Jun 1970	38.0	62.0
Jul 1970	38.2	61.8
Aug 1970	38.2	61.8
Sep 1970	38.0	62.0
Oct 1970	38.3	61.7
Nov 1970	38.2	61.8
Dec 1970	38.1	61.9
Jan 1971	38.3	61.7
Feb 1971	38.2	61.8
Mar 1971	38.2	61.8
Apr 1971	38.1	61.9
May 1971	38.0	62.0
Jun 1971	38.0	62.0
Jul 1971	37.9	62.1
Aug 1971	38.1	61.9
Sep 1971	38.2	61.8
Oct 1971	38.3	61.7
Nov 1971	38.4	61.6
Dec 1971	38.4	61.6
Jan 1972	38.5	61.5
Feb 1972	38.4	61.6
Mar 1972	38.5	61.5
Apr 1972	38.5	61.5
May 1972	38.5	61.5
Jun 1972	38.4	61.6
Jul 1972	38.5	61.5
Aug 1972	38.5	61.5
Sep 1972	38.5	61.5
Oct 1972	38.5	61.5
Nov 1972	38.5	61.5
Dec 1972	38.5	61.5
Jan 1973	38.5	61.5
Feb 1973	38.7	61.3
Mar 1973	38.7	61.3
Apr 1973	38.8	61.2
May 1973	38.9	61.1
Jun 1973	39.0	61.0
Jul 1973	38.9	61.1
Aug 1973	39.0	61.0
Sep 1973	39.1	60.9
Oct 1973	39.1	60.9
Nov 1973	39.2	60.8
Dec 1973	39.1	60.9
Jan 1974	38.9	61.1
Feb 1974	39.1	60.9
Mar 1974	39.2	60.8
Apr 1974	39.3	60.7
May 1974	39.3	60.7
Jun 1974	39.4	60.6
Jul 1974	39.7	60.3
Aug 1974	39.5	60.5
Sep 1974	39.6	60.4
Oct 1974	39.5	60.5
Nov 1974	39.5	60.5
Dec 1974	39.6	60.4
Jan 1975	39.8	60.2
Feb 1975	39.7	60.3
Mar 1975	39.8	60.2
Apr 1975	39.9	60.1
May 1975	39.9	60.1
Jun 1975	39.9	60.1
Jul 1975	39.9	60.1
Aug 1975	40.0	60.0
Sep 1975	40.0	60.0
Oct 1975	40.1	59.9
Nov 1975	40.1	59.9
Dec 1975	40.3	59.7
Jan 1976	40.4	59.6
Feb 1976	40.4	59.6
Mar 1976	40.4	59.6
Apr 1976	40.4	59.6
May 1976	40.5	59.5
Jun 1976	40.6	59.4
Jul 1976	40.7	59.3
Aug 1976	40.7	59.3
Sep 1976	40.6	59.4
Oct 1976	40.5	59.5
Nov 1976	40.7	59.3
Dec 1976	40.7	59.3
Jan 1977	40.7	59.3
Feb 1977	40.8	59.2
Mar 1977	41.0	59.0
Apr 1977	41.0	59.0
May 1977	41.0	59.0
Jun 1977	41.0	59.0
Jul 1977	41.0	59.0
Aug 1977	41.1	58.9
Sep 1977	41.3	58.7
Oct 1977	41.0	59.0
Nov 1977	41.2	58.8
Dec 1977	41.2	58.8
Jan 1978	41.3	58.7
Feb 1978	41.3	58.7
Mar 1978	41.5	58.5
Apr 1978	41.6	58.4
May 1978	41.7	58.3
Jun 1978	41.7	58.3
Jul 1978	41.8	58.2
Aug 1978	41.7	58.3
Sep 1978	42.0	58.0
Oct 1978	41.9	58.1
Nov 1978	41.9	58.1
Dec 1978	41.9	58.1
Jan 1979	41.8	58.2
Feb 1979	41.9	58.1
Mar 1979	42.1	57.9
Apr 1979	42.0	58.0
May 1979	42.1	57.9
Jun 1979	42.0	58.0
Jul 1979	42.1	57.9
Aug 1979	42.2	57.8
Sep 1979	42.2	57.8
Oct 1979	42.4	57.6
Nov 1979	42.4	57.6
Dec 1979	42.5	57.5
Jan 1980	42.5	57.5
Feb 1980	42.4	57.6
Mar 1980	42.4	57.6
Apr 1980	42.5	57.5
May 1980	42.4	57.6
Jun 1980	42.5	57.5
Jul 1980	42.5	57.5
Aug 1980	42.6	57.4
Sep 1980	42.6	57.4
Oct 1980	42.6	57.4
Nov 1980	42.7	57.3
Dec 1980	42.7	57.3
Jan 1981	42.8	57.2
Feb 1981	42.8	57.2
Mar 1981	42.9	57.1
Apr 1981	42.9	57.1
May 1981	42.9	57.1
Jun 1981	43.1	56.9
Jul 1981	43.0	57.0
Aug 1981	43.0	57.0
Sep 1981	42.9	57.1
Oct 1981	43.1	56.9
Nov 1981	43.2	56.8
Dec 1981	43.0	57.0
Jan 1982	43.1	56.9
Feb 1982	43.2	56.8
Mar 1982	43.2	56.8
Apr 1982	43.2	56.8
May 1982	43.3	56.7
Jun 1982	43.4	56.6
Jul 1982	43.5	56.5
Aug 1982	43.4	56.6
Sep 1982	43.4	56.6
Oct 1982	43.3	56.7
Nov 1982	43.4	56.6
Dec 1982	43.5	56.5
Jan 1983	43.6	56.4
Feb 1983	43.5	56.5
Mar 1983	43.5	56.5
Apr 1983	43.4	56.6
May 1983	43.4	56.6
Jun 1983	43.4	56.6
Jul 1983	43.3	56.7
Aug 1983	43.5	56.5
Sep 1983	43.6	56.4
Oct 1983	43.5	56.5
Nov 1983	43.5	56.5
Dec 1983	43.6	56.4
Jan 1984	43.5	56.5
Feb 1984	43.6	56.4
Mar 1984	43.6	56.4
Apr 1984	43.8	56.2
May 1984	44.0	56.0
Jun 1984	43.8	56.2
Jul 1984	43.9	56.1
Aug 1984	43.8	56.2
Sep 1984	43.7	56.3
Oct 1984	43.9	56.1
Nov 1984	43.8	56.2
Dec 1984	43.9	56.1
Jan 1985	44.1	55.9
Feb 1985	44.2	55.8
Mar 1985	44.3	55.7
Apr 1985	44.2	55.8
May 1985	44.2	55.8
Jun 1985	44.1	55.9
Jul 1985	44.1	55.9
Aug 1985	44.1	55.9
Sep 1985	44.3	55.7
Oct 1985	44.2	55.8
Nov 1985	44.3	55.7
Dec 1985	44.4	55.6
Jan 1986	44.2	55.8
Feb 1986	44.3	55.7
Mar 1986	44.4	55.6
Apr 1986	44.4	55.6
May 1986	44.4	55.6
Jun 1986	44.6	55.4
Jul 1986	44.5	55.5
Aug 1986	44.6	55.4
Sep 1986	44.5	55.5
Oct 1986	44.7	55.3
Nov 1986	44.5	55.5
Dec 1986	44.5	55.5
Jan 1987	44.5	55.5
Feb 1987	44.6	55.4
Mar 1987	44.7	55.3
Apr 1987	44.7	55.3
May 1987	44.8	55.2
Jun 1987	44.8	55.2
Jul 1987	44.9	55.1
Aug 1987	44.8	55.2
Sep 1987	44.8	55.2
Oct 1987	44.9	55.1
Nov 1987	44.9	55.1
Dec 1987	45.0	55.0
Jan 1988	44.9	55.1
Feb 1988	45.0	55.0
Mar 1988	45.0	55.0
Apr 1988	44.9	55.1
May 1988	44.8	55.2
Jun 1988	44.9	55.1
Jul 1988	44.9	55.1
Aug 1988	44.9	55.1
Sep 1988	45.0	55.0
Oct 1988	45.1	54.9
Nov 1988	45.3	54.7
Dec 1988	45.3	54.7
Jan 1989	45.3	54.7
Feb 1989	45.2	54.8
Mar 1989	45.2	54.8
Apr 1989	45.2	54.8
May 1989	45.2	54.8
Jun 1989	45.1	54.9
Jul 1989	45.2	54.8
Aug 1989	45.2	54.8
Sep 1989	45.4	54.6
Oct 1989	45.2	54.8
Nov 1989	45.4	54.6
Dec 1989	45.3	54.7
Jan 1990	45.1	54.9
Feb 1990	45.1	54.9
Mar 1990	45.2	54.8
Apr 1990	45.2	54.8
May 1990	45.2	54.8
Jun 1990	45.1	54.9
Jul 1990	45.2	54.8
Aug 1990	45.2	54.8
Sep 1990	45.3	54.7
Oct 1990	45.2	54.8
Nov 1990	45.1	54.9
Dec 1990	45.1	54.9
Jan 1991	45.2	54.8
Feb 1991	45.2	54.8
Mar 1991	45.1	54.9
Apr 1991	45.3	54.7
May 1991	45.3	54.7
Jun 1991	45.2	54.8
Jul 1991	45.2	54.8
Aug 1991	45.2	54.8
Sep 1991	45.3	54.7
Oct 1991	45.4	54.6
Nov 1991	45.3	54.7
Dec 1991	45.4	54.6
Jan 1992	45.4	54.6
Feb 1992	45.4	54.6
Mar 1992	45.4	54.6
Apr 1992	45.4	54.6
May 1992	45.3	54.7
Jun 1992	45.3	54.7
Jul 1992	45.4	54.6
Aug 1992	45.4	54.6
Sep 1992	45.3	54.7
Oct 1992	45.3	54.7
Nov 1992	45.4	54.6
Dec 1992	45.5	54.5
Jan 1993	45.4	54.6
Feb 1993	45.4	54.6
Mar 1993	45.3	54.7
Apr 1993	45.4	54.6
May 1993	45.5	54.5
Jun 1993	45.4	54.6
Jul 1993	45.4	54.6
Aug 1993	45.5	54.5
Sep 1993	45.6	54.4
Oct 1993	45.6	54.4
Nov 1993	45.7	54.3
Dec 1993	45.8	54.2
Jan 1994	45.8	54.2
Feb 1994	46.0	54.0
Mar 1994	46.0	54.0
Apr 1994	46.0	54.0
May 1994	46.1	53.9
Jun 1994	46.0	54.0
Jul 1994	46.0	54.0
Aug 1994	46.0	54.0
Sep 1994	46.0	54.0
Oct 1994	45.9	54.1
Nov 1994	46.0	54.0
Dec 1994	45.8	54.2
Jan 1995	45.9	54.1
Feb 1995	45.9	54.1
Mar 1995	45.9	54.1
Apr 1995	46.1	53.9
May 1995	46.1	53.9
Jun 1995	46.0	54.0
Jul 1995	46.1	53.9
Aug 1995	46.1	53.9
Sep 1995	46.1	53.9
Oct 1995	46.2	53.8
Nov 1995	46.3	53.7
Dec 1995	46.1	53.9
Jan 1996	46.1	53.9
Feb 1996	46.1	53.9
Mar 1996	46.1	53.9
Apr 1996	46.1	53.9
May 1996	46.1	53.9
Jun 1996	46.1	53.9
Jul 1996	46.1	53.9
Aug 1996	46.2	53.8
Sep 1996	46.2	53.8
Oct 1996	46.3	53.7
Nov 1996	46.4	53.6
Dec 1996	46.4	53.6
Jan 1997	46.2	53.8
Feb 1997	46.2	53.8
Mar 1997	46.2	53.8
Apr 1997	46.2	53.8
May 1997	46.2	53.8
Jun 1997	46.2	53.8
Jul 1997	46.3	53.7
Aug 1997	46.3	53.7
Sep 1997	46.3	53.7
Oct 1997	46.3	53.7
Nov 1997	46.2	53.8
Dec 1997	46.4	53.6
Jan 1998	46.3	53.7
Feb 1998	46.3	53.7
Mar 1998	46.4	53.6
Apr 1998	46.2	53.8
May 1998	46.2	53.8
Jun 1998	46.2	53.8
Jul 1998	46.2	53.8
Aug 1998	46.4	53.6
Sep 1998	46.3	53.7
Oct 1998	46.3	53.7
Nov 1998	46.2	53.8
Dec 1998	46.3	53.7
Jan 1999	46.5	53.5
Feb 1999	46.5	53.5
Mar 1999	46.5	53.5
Apr 1999	46.6	53.4
May 1999	46.5	53.5
Jun 1999	46.6	53.4
Jul 1999	46.5	53.5
Aug 1999	46.6	53.4
Sep 1999	46.6	53.4
Oct 1999	46.6	53.4
Nov 1999	46.6	53.4
Dec 1999	46.5	53.5
Jan 2000	46.5	53.5
Feb 2000	46.4	53.6
Mar 2000	46.5	53.5
Apr 2000	46.6	53.4
May 2000	46.6	53.4
Jun 2000	46.5	53.5
Jul 2000	46.6	53.4
Aug 2000	46.4	53.6
Sep 2000	46.5	53.5
Oct 2000	46.5	53.5
Nov 2000	46.5	53.5
Dec 2000	46.5	53.5
Jan 2001	46.5	53.5
Feb 2001	46.5	53.5
Mar 2001	46.6	53.4
Apr 2001	46.4	53.6
May 2001	46.5	53.5
Jun 2001	46.5	53.5
Jul 2001	46.5	53.5
Aug 2001	46.5	53.5
Sep 2001	46.4	53.6
Oct 2001	46.5	53.5
Nov 2001	46.5	53.5
Dec 2001	46.5	53.5
Jan 2002	46.5	53.5
Feb 2002	46.6	53.4
Mar 2002	46.5	53.5
Apr 2002	46.5	53.5
May 2002	46.4	53.6
Jun 2002	46.5	53.5
Jul 2002	46.4	53.6
Aug 2002	46.5	53.5
Sep 2002	46.4	53.6
Oct 2002	46.5	53.5
Nov 2002	46.6	53.4
Dec 2002	46.6	53.4
Jan 2003	46.7	53.3
Feb 2003	46.6	53.4
Mar 2003	46.8	53.2
Apr 2003	46.6	53.4
May 2003	46.7	53.3
Jun 2003	46.7	53.3
Jul 2003	46.6	53.4
Aug 2003	46.7	53.3
Sep 2003	46.4	53.6
Oct 2003	46.5	53.5
Nov 2003	46.4	53.6
Dec 2003	46.4	53.6
Jan 2004	46.3	53.7
Feb 2004	46.5	53.5
Mar 2004	46.5	53.5
Apr 2004	46.5	53.5
May 2004	46.5	53.5
Jun 2004	46.5	53.5
Jul 2004	46.4	53.6
Aug 2004	46.3	53.7
Sep 2004	46.4	53.6
Oct 2004	46.3	53.7
Nov 2004	46.3	53.7
Dec 2004	46.4	53.6
Jan 2005	46.5	53.5
Feb 2005	46.4	53.6
Mar 2005	46.4	53.6
Apr 2005	46.4	53.6
May 2005	46.4	53.6
Jun 2005	46.3	53.7
Jul 2005	46.4	53.6
Aug 2005	46.3	53.7
Sep 2005	46.5	53.5
Oct 2005	46.5	53.5
Nov 2005	46.4	53.6
Dec 2005	46.4	53.6
Jan 2006	46.3	53.7
Feb 2006	46.3	53.7
Mar 2006	46.2	53.8
Apr 2006	46.3	53.7
May 2006	46.3	53.7
Jun 2006	46.4	53.6
Jul 2006	46.6	53.4
Aug 2006	46.4	53.6
Sep 2006	46.3	53.7
Oct 2006	46.4	53.6
Nov 2006	46.4	53.6
Dec 2006	46.3	53.7
Jan 2007	46.3	53.7
Feb 2007	46.3	53.7
Mar 2007	46.3	53.7
Apr 2007	46.2	53.8
May 2007	46.3	53.7
Jun 2007	46.3	53.7
Jul 2007	46.4	53.6
Aug 2007	46.5	53.5
Sep 2007	46.5	53.5
Oct 2007	46.4	53.6
Nov 2007	46.4	53.6
Dec 2007	46.4	53.6
Jan 2008	46.4	53.6
Feb 2008	46.4	53.6
Mar 2008	46.5	53.5
Apr 2008	46.5	53.5
May 2008	46.5	53.5
Jun 2008	46.5	53.5
Jul 2008	46.4	53.6
Aug 2008	46.6	53.4
Sep 2008	46.5	53.5
Oct 2008	46.6	53.4
Nov 2008	46.6	53.4
Dec 2008	46.7	53.3
Jan 2009	46.7	53.3
Feb 2009	46.7	53.3
Mar 2009	46.8	53.2
Apr 2009	46.7	53.3
May 2009	46.7	53.3
Jun 2009	46.7	53.3
Jul 2009	46.8	53.2
Aug 2009	46.7	53.3
Sep 2009	46.7	53.3
Oct 2009	46.7	53.3
Nov 2009	46.7	53.3
Dec 2009	46.8	53.2
Jan 2010	46.8	53.2
Feb 2010	46.8	53.2
Mar 2010	46.7	53.3
Apr 2010	46.6	53.4
May 2010	46.7	53.3
Jun 2010	46.7	53.3
Jul 2010	46.7	53.3
Aug 2010	46.7	53.3
Sep 2010	46.7	53.3
Oct 2010	46.8	53.2
Nov 2010	46.8	53.2
Dec 2010	46.8	53.2
Jan 2011	46.7	53.3
Feb 2011	46.6	53.4
Mar 2011	46.7	53.3
Apr 2011	46.7	53.3
May 2011	46.6	53.4
Jun 2011	46.6	53.4
Jul 2011	46.6	53.4
Aug 2011	46.6	53.4
Sep 2011	46.7	53.3
Oct 2011	46.7	53.3
Nov 2011	46.6	53.4
Dec 2011	46.5	53.5
Jan 2012	46.9	53.1
Feb 2012	46.9	53.1
Mar 2012	46.9	53.1
Apr 2012	46.9	53.1
May 2012	46.9	53.1
Jun 2012	46.9	53.1
Jul 2012	46.8	53.2
Aug 2012	46.9	53.1
Sep 2012	46.9	53.1
Oct 2012	46.8	53.2
Nov 2012	46.9	53.1
Dec 2012	46.9	53.1
Jan 2013	46.7	53.3
Feb 2013	46.8	53.2
Mar 2013	46.8	53.2
Apr 2013	46.8	53.2
May 2013	46.8	53.2
Jun 2013	46.8	53.2
Jul 2013	46.8	53.2
Aug 2013	46.9	53.1
Sep 2013	46.8	53.2
Oct 2013	46.8	53.2
Nov 2013	46.8	53.2
Dec 2013	46.9	53.1
Jan 2014	46.9	53.1
Feb 2014	47.0	53.0
Mar 2014	46.9	53.1
Apr 2014	46.9	53.1
May 2014	46.9	53.1
Jun 2014	46.8	53.2
Jul 2014	46.8	53.2
Aug 2014	46.7	53.3
Sep 2014	46.7	53.3
Oct 2014	46.9	53.1
Nov 2014	46.9	53.1
Dec 2014	46.7	53.3
Jan 2015	46.8	53.2
Feb 2015	46.7	53.3
Mar 2015	46.7	53.3
Apr 2015	46.7	53.3
May 2015	46.8	53.2
Jun 2015	46.8	53.2
Jul 2015	46.8	53.2
Aug 2015	46.8	53.2
Sep 2015	46.7	53.3
Oct 2015	46.8	53.2
Nov 2015	46.9	53.1
Dec 2015	46.9	53.1
Jan 2016	46.9	53.1
Feb 2016	46.8	53.2
Mar 2016	46.8	53.2
Apr 2016	46.8	53.2
May 2016	46.8	53.2
Jun 2016	46.6	53.4
Jul 2016	46.6	53.4
Aug 2016	46.7	53.3
Sep 2016	46.7	53.3
Oct 2016	46.7	53.3
Nov 2016	46.8	53.2
Dec 2016	46.8	53.2
Jan 2017	46.8	53.2
Feb 2017	46.8	53.2
Mar 2017	47.0	53.0
Apr 2017	46.9	53.1
May 2017	46.9	53.1
Jun 2017	46.9	53.1
Jul 2017	47.0	53.0
Aug 2017	46.9	53.1
Sep 2017	46.8	53.2
Oct 2017	46.8	53.2
Nov 2017	46.9	53.1
Dec 2017	46.8	53.2
Jan 2018	46.7	53.3
Feb 2018	46.7	53.3
Mar 2018	46.7	53.3
Apr 2018	46.7	53.3
May 2018	46.7	53.3
Jun 2018	46.9	53.1
Jul 2018	47.1	52.9
Aug 2018	46.9	53.1
Sep 2018	46.9	53.1
Oct 2018	47.0	53.0
Nov 2018	47.0	53.0
Dec 2018	47.0	53.0
Jan 2019	47.0	53.0
Feb 2019	47.0	53.0
Mar 2019	46.9	53.1
Apr 2019	46.9	53.1
May 2019	46.9	53.1
Jun 2019	46.9	53.1
Jul 2019	46.9	53.1
Aug 2019	47.0	53.0
Sep 2019	47.0	53.0
Oct 2019	47.1	52.9
Nov 2019	47.0	53.0
Dec 2019	47.1	52.9
Jan 2020	47.1	52.9
Feb 2020	47.1	52.9
Mar 2020	47.1	52.9
Apr 2020	46.9	53.1
May 2020	47.0	53.0
Jun 2020	47.1	52.9
Jul 2020	47.2	52.8
Aug 2020	47.0	53.0
Sep 2020	46.8	53.2
Oct 2020	46.8	53.2
Nov 2020	47.0	53.0
Dec 2020	47.0	53.0
Jan 2021	46.8	53.2
Feb 2021	46.9	53.1

Percent of women and men ages 25 to 64 in the labor force who have a bachelor’s degree and higher
Year	Women	Men
1970	11.2	15.7
1971	11.8	16.5
1972	12.4	17.3
1973	13.3	18.2
1974	14.6	19.3
1975	14.1	20.2
1976	16.2	21.5
1977	16.9	22.3
1978	17.0	23.0
1979	17.8	23.8
1980	18.7	24.3
1981	18.6	24.6
1982	19.5	25.5
1983	20.9	26.6
1984	21.7	26.9
1985	22.0	27.1
1986	22.2	26.9
1987	22.8	27.2
1988	23.1	27.8
1989	24.3	28.2
1990	24.5	28.0
1991	25.2	27.6
1992	25.0	27.8
1993	25.7	28.1
1994	26.2	28.8
1995	26.9	29.4
1996	27.8	29.4
1997	28.4	29.6
1998	29.2	30.3
1999	29.9	31.0
2000	30.1	31.2
2001	30.4	31.4
2002	31.3	31.8
2003	32.2	32.1
2004	32.6	32.3
2005	33.3	31.9
2006	33.9	32.3
2007	34.9	32.9
2008	35.6	33.0
2009	36.0	33.0
2010	36.4	33.0
2011	37.1	33.7
2012	38.1	34.1
2013	39.0	34.7
2014	40.0	35.0
2015	41.1	35.7
2016	41.6	36.2
2017	42.7	36.8
2018	43.8	37.5
2019	45.0	37.9

Unemployment rates, seasonally adjusted
Month	Women	Men
Jan 1948	3.3	3.4
Feb 1948	4.5	3.6
Mar 1948	4.4	3.8
Apr 1948	4.3	3.8
May 1948	3.7	3.5
Jun 1948	4.3	3.3
Jul 1948	4.2	3.4
Aug 1948	4.4	3.6
Sep 1948	4.1	3.7
Oct 1948	4.0	3.6
Nov 1948	3.9	3.7
Dec 1948	4.2	3.9
Jan 1949	4.4	4.2
Feb 1949	4.8	4.6
Mar 1949	4.6	5.1
Apr 1949	5.5	5.3
May 1949	6.0	6.1
Jun 1949	6.2	6.2
Jul 1949	6.8	6.7
Aug 1949	6.8	6.8
Sep 1949	6.8	6.5
Oct 1949	6.8	8.4
Nov 1949	6.3	6.5
Dec 1949	6.8	6.5
Jan 1950	6.9	6.4
Feb 1950	6.8	6.2
Mar 1950	6.7	6.1
Apr 1950	5.4	5.9
May 1950	5.8	5.4
Jun 1950	6.1	5.1
Jul 1950	5.6	4.8
Aug 1950	4.8	4.3
Sep 1950	5.1	4.2
Oct 1950	4.8	3.9
Nov 1950	5.2	3.7
Dec 1950	5.2	3.8
Jan 1951	4.6	3.3
Feb 1951	4.5	3.0
Mar 1951	4.9	2.7
Apr 1951	4.4	2.5
May 1951	4.2	2.5
Jun 1951	4.3	2.8
Jul 1951	4.0	2.7
Aug 1951	3.9	2.8
Sep 1951	4.6	2.8
Oct 1951	4.5	3.1
Nov 1951	4.5	3.1
Dec 1951	4.2	2.7
Jan 1952	3.9	2.8
Feb 1952	3.8	2.8
Mar 1952	3.5	2.7
Apr 1952	3.5	2.7
May 1952	3.9	2.6
Jun 1952	3.5	2.8
Jul 1952	3.7	3.0
Aug 1952	3.8	3.2
Sep 1952	3.3	3.0
Oct 1952	3.8	2.6
Nov 1952	3.4	2.5
Dec 1952	3.1	2.5
Jan 1953	3.1	2.8
Feb 1953	2.9	2.4
Mar 1953	3.2	2.3
Apr 1953	3.0	2.6
May 1953	2.7	2.5
Jun 1953	2.8	2.4
Jul 1953	2.9	2.5
Aug 1953	3.0	2.5
Sep 1953	3.4	2.7
Oct 1953	3.6	2.9
Nov 1953	3.7	3.4
Dec 1953	5.1	4.2
Jan 1954	5.9	4.4
Feb 1954	5.9	4.9
Mar 1954	6.4	5.3
Apr 1954	6.4	5.6
May 1954	6.3	5.7
Jun 1954	6.2	5.3
Jul 1954	6.3	5.6
Aug 1954	6.2	6.0
Sep 1954	6.4	6.0
Oct 1954	5.8	5.7
Nov 1954	5.6	5.2
Dec 1954	5.2	5.0
Jan 1955	5.3	4.8
Feb 1955	5.0	4.5
Mar 1955	4.8	4.5
Apr 1955	4.7	4.7
May 1955	4.7	4.0
Jun 1955	4.7	3.9
Jul 1955	4.6	3.8
Aug 1955	4.9	3.9
Sep 1955	5.0	3.7
Oct 1955	5.1	3.9
Nov 1955	4.9	3.9
Dec 1955	4.9	3.8
Jan 1956	4.5	3.8
Feb 1956	4.3	3.8
Mar 1956	5.1	3.8
Apr 1956	4.8	3.6
May 1956	5.0	3.9
Jun 1956	5.1	4.0
Jul 1956	5.7	3.8
Aug 1956	4.8	3.7
Sep 1956	4.6	3.6
Oct 1956	4.7	3.5
Nov 1956	4.9	4.0
Dec 1956	4.7	3.9
Jan 1957	4.8	3.9
Feb 1957	4.5	3.6
Mar 1957	4.3	3.5
Apr 1957	4.2	3.8
May 1957	4.7	3.8
Jun 1957	4.8	4.0
Jul 1957	4.8	3.8
Aug 1957	4.7	3.9
Sep 1957	4.6	4.3
Oct 1957	4.6	4.4
Nov 1957	5.1	5.2
Dec 1957	5.1	5.2
Jan 1958	5.9	5.7
Feb 1958	6.6	6.3
Mar 1958	6.6	6.7
Apr 1958	7.6	7.3
May 1958	7.3	7.5
Jun 1958	7.1	7.4
Jul 1958	7.3	7.6
Aug 1958	7.2	7.5
Sep 1958	7.0	7.1
Oct 1958	6.7	6.7
Nov 1958	6.0	6.3
Dec 1958	6.2	6.2
Jan 1959	6.2	5.9
Feb 1959	6.0	5.8
Mar 1959	6.2	5.3
Apr 1959	6.1	4.8
May 1959	5.8	4.8
Jun 1959	5.6	4.7
Jul 1959	5.7	4.9
Aug 1959	5.6	5.1
Sep 1959	5.6	5.5
Oct 1959	6.1	5.5
Nov 1959	5.8	5.9
Dec 1959	5.8	5.0
Jan 1960	5.7	5.0
Feb 1960	5.4	4.6
Mar 1960	5.8	5.3
Apr 1960	5.5	5.0
May 1960	5.5	5.0
Jun 1960	5.7	5.2
Jul 1960	5.8	5.3
Aug 1960	5.8	5.6
Sep 1960	5.7	5.5
Oct 1960	6.4	5.9
Nov 1960	6.5	6.0
Dec 1960	7.0	6.3
Jan 1961	6.9	6.5
Feb 1961	7.3	6.6
Mar 1961	7.4	6.6
Apr 1961	7.4	6.8
May 1961	7.4	6.9
Jun 1961	7.6	6.5
Jul 1961	7.7	6.6
Aug 1961	7.0	6.4
Sep 1961	7.3	6.3
Oct 1961	7.2	6.1
Nov 1961	6.6	5.8
Dec 1961	6.4	5.7
Jan 1962	6.7	5.4
Feb 1962	6.2	5.2
Mar 1962	6.3	5.2
Apr 1962	6.2	5.2
May 1962	6.0	5.2
Jun 1962	5.8	5.3
Jul 1962	6.1	5.1
Aug 1962	6.4	5.3
Sep 1962	6.3	5.2
Oct 1962	6.1	5.0
Nov 1962	6.3	5.3
Dec 1962	6.2	5.1
Jan 1963	6.4	5.4
Feb 1963	6.5	5.7
Mar 1963	6.2	5.4
Apr 1963	6.2	5.4
May 1963	6.7	5.4
Jun 1963	6.4	5.1
Jul 1963	6.6	5.1
Aug 1963	6.3	4.9
Sep 1963	6.6	4.9
Oct 1963	6.6	5.0
Nov 1963	6.6	5.3
Dec 1963	6.4	5.0
Jan 1964	6.6	5.0
Feb 1964	6.5	4.8
Mar 1964	6.6	4.8
Apr 1964	6.4	4.8
May 1964	6.3	4.5
Jun 1964	6.2	4.7
Jul 1964	6.0	4.4
Aug 1964	5.9	4.5
Sep 1964	6.0	4.6
Oct 1964	6.1	4.5
Nov 1964	5.9	4.3
Dec 1964	6.2	4.3
Jan 1965	5.9	4.3
Feb 1965	6.4	4.3
Mar 1965	5.9	4.1
Apr 1965	5.9	4.3
May 1965	5.5	4.1
Jun 1965	5.7	3.9
Jul 1965	5.3	3.9
Aug 1965	5.2	3.9
Sep 1965	5.4	3.7
Oct 1965	5.1	3.7
Nov 1965	5.4	3.4
Dec 1965	5.1	3.4
Jan 1966	5.0	3.4
Feb 1966	4.7	3.3
Mar 1966	4.8	3.3
Apr 1966	4.8	3.1
May 1966	5.2	3.2
Jun 1966	4.9	3.2
Jul 1966	4.8	3.2
Aug 1966	4.9	3.2
Sep 1966	4.7	3.1
Oct 1966	4.9	3.0
Nov 1966	4.6	3.1
Dec 1966	4.8	3.2
Jan 1967	5.4	3.0
Feb 1967	5.2	3.0
Mar 1967	5.1	3.0
Apr 1967	4.9	3.1
May 1967	5.0	3.2
Jun 1967	5.1	3.2
Jul 1967	5.1	3.0
Aug 1967	4.9	3.1
Sep 1967	5.3	2.9
Oct 1967	5.6	3.1
Nov 1967	5.2	3.1
Dec 1967	5.1	3.1
Jan 1968	5.0	3.0
Feb 1968	5.1	3.1
Mar 1968	4.8	3.0
Apr 1968	4.7	2.8
May 1968	4.7	2.7
Jun 1968	4.9	3.0
Jul 1968	5.0	2.9
Aug 1968	4.7	2.8
Sep 1968	4.5	2.7
Oct 1968	4.5	2.7
Nov 1968	4.6	2.7
Dec 1968	4.6	2.7
Jan 1969	4.6	2.7
Feb 1969	4.6	2.6
Mar 1969	4.6	2.7
Apr 1969	4.7	2.6
May 1969	4.6	2.6
Jun 1969	4.8	2.7
Jul 1969	4.6	2.9
Aug 1969	4.8	2.8
Sep 1969	4.9	3.1
Oct 1969	5.0	3.0
Nov 1969	4.5	2.9
Dec 1969	4.5	3.0
Jan 1970	4.9	3.3
Feb 1970	5.1	3.6
Mar 1970	5.6	3.7
Apr 1970	5.5	4.0
May 1970	5.7	4.2
Jun 1970	5.7	4.5
Jul 1970	5.8	4.6
Aug 1970	6.0	4.6
Sep 1970	6.3	4.8
Oct 1970	6.4	5.0
Nov 1970	6.9	5.2
Dec 1970	6.9	5.6
Jan 1971	6.8	5.4
Feb 1971	6.8	5.3
Mar 1971	7.1	5.3
Apr 1971	7.0	5.2
May 1971	6.9	5.3
Jun 1971	6.9	5.3
Jul 1971	7.0	5.4
Aug 1971	7.0	5.5
Sep 1971	6.9	5.4
Oct 1971	6.8	5.2
Nov 1971	7.0	5.4
Dec 1971	6.8	5.5
Jan 1972	6.7	5.3
Feb 1972	6.4	5.3
Mar 1972	6.7	5.3
Apr 1972	6.7	5.1
May 1972	6.6	5.1
Jun 1972	6.8	4.9
Jul 1972	7.0	4.8
Aug 1972	6.9	4.9
Sep 1972	6.7	4.8
Oct 1972	6.8	4.8
Nov 1972	6.2	4.6
Dec 1972	6.2	4.5
Jan 1973	6.1	4.2
Feb 1973	6.2	4.3
Mar 1973	6.0	4.3
Apr 1973	6.1	4.3
May 1973	5.7	4.3
Jun 1973	6.0	4.1
Jul 1973	6.0	4.0
Aug 1973	6.0	4.1
Sep 1973	6.1	4.0
Oct 1973	5.7	3.9
Nov 1973	6.0	4.1
Dec 1973	6.1	4.2
Jan 1974	6.2	4.4
Feb 1974	6.2	4.5
Mar 1974	6.1	4.4
Apr 1974	6.0	4.5
May 1974	6.3	4.4
Jun 1974	6.5	4.6
Jul 1974	6.8	4.7
Aug 1974	6.5	4.8
Sep 1974	7.1	5.0
Oct 1974	7.1	5.3
Nov 1974	7.9	5.8
Dec 1974	8.3	6.4
Jan 1975	9.2	7.3
Feb 1975	9.1	7.4
Mar 1975	9.6	7.9
Apr 1975	9.6	8.2
May 1975	9.8	8.4
Jun 1975	9.4	8.3
Jul 1975	9.3	8.2
Aug 1975	9.2	7.9
Sep 1975	9.0	8.0
Oct 1975	9.2	7.8
Nov 1975	9.0	7.8
Dec 1975	9.1	7.6
Jan 1976	8.9	7.3
Feb 1976	8.8	7.0
Mar 1976	8.6	6.9
Apr 1976	8.6	7.0
May 1976	8.1	6.9
Jun 1976	8.4	7.1
Jul 1976	8.8	7.1
Aug 1976	9.0	6.9
Sep 1976	8.7	7.0
Oct 1976	8.7	7.0
Nov 1976	8.7	7.3
Dec 1976	8.5	7.2
Jan 1977	8.5	6.8
Feb 1977	8.6	7.0
Mar 1977	8.6	6.6
Apr 1977	8.4	6.4
May 1977	7.9	6.4
Jun 1977	8.4	6.4
Jul 1977	8.0	6.1
Aug 1977	8.1	6.2
Sep 1977	8.1	5.8
Oct 1977	7.9	6.0
Nov 1977	8.1	5.8
Dec 1977	7.5	5.5
Jan 1978	7.6	5.6
Feb 1978	7.2	5.6
Mar 1978	7.2	5.6
Apr 1978	7.1	5.3
May 1978	7.2	5.2
Jun 1978	7.2	4.9
Jul 1978	7.6	5.1
Aug 1978	7.2	5.0
Sep 1978	7.2	5.1
Oct 1978	6.7	5.1
Nov 1978	7.0	5.0
Dec 1978	7.0	5.3
Jan 1979	6.9	5.1
Feb 1979	6.9	5.2
Mar 1979	6.8	5.1
Apr 1979	6.8	5.1
May 1979	6.7	4.8
Jun 1979	6.8	4.9
Jul 1979	6.6	5.1
Aug 1979	7.1	5.2
Sep 1979	6.7	5.2
Oct 1979	6.9	5.3
Nov 1979	6.7	5.3
Dec 1979	6.8	5.3
Jan 1980	6.9	5.8
Feb 1980	7.0	5.8
Mar 1980	6.9	5.9
Apr 1980	7.2	6.7
May 1980	7.5	7.4
Jun 1980	7.6	7.6
Jul 1980	7.8	7.8
Aug 1980	7.8	7.7
Sep 1980	7.3	7.6
Oct 1980	7.7	7.4
Nov 1980	7.6	7.3
Dec 1980	7.6	6.9
Jan 1981	7.8	7.2
Feb 1981	7.7	7.3
Mar 1981	7.7	7.1
Apr 1981	7.6	6.9
May 1981	7.8	7.3
Jun 1981	7.8	7.3
Jul 1981	7.7	6.9
Aug 1981	7.7	7.2
Sep 1981	8.1	7.2
Oct 1981	8.3	7.7
Nov 1981	8.4	8.1
Dec 1981	8.5	8.5
Jan 1982	8.5	8.7
Feb 1982	8.9	8.8
Mar 1982	8.9	9.1
Apr 1982	9.3	9.4
May 1982	9.3	9.4
Jun 1982	9.2	9.8
Jul 1982	9.6	10.0
Aug 1982	9.4	10.2
Sep 1982	9.5	10.6
Oct 1982	9.8	10.9
Nov 1982	10.2	11.1
Dec 1982	10.4	11.2
Jan 1983	10.1	10.7
Feb 1983	9.9	10.9
Mar 1983	9.8	10.7
Apr 1983	9.5	10.7
May 1983	9.5	10.5
Jun 1983	9.9	10.1
Jul 1983	9.0	9.8
Aug 1983	9.0	9.8
Sep 1983	8.7	9.5
Oct 1983	8.5	9.1
Nov 1983	8.2	8.6
Dec 1983	8.3	8.3
Jan 1984	7.9	8.1
Feb 1984	7.8	7.8
Mar 1984	7.8	7.7
Apr 1984	7.8	7.7
May 1984	7.6	7.3
Jun 1984	7.4	7.1
Jul 1984	7.6	7.4
Aug 1984	7.8	7.3
Sep 1984	7.4	7.3
Oct 1984	7.7	7.1
Nov 1984	7.4	7.0
Dec 1984	7.4	7.2
Jan 1985	7.6	7.1
Feb 1985	7.4	7.1
Mar 1985	7.5	7.0
Apr 1985	7.5	7.1
May 1985	7.6	6.9
Jun 1985	7.5	7.2
Jul 1985	7.6	7.2
Aug 1985	7.3	6.9
Sep 1985	7.4	6.9
Oct 1985	7.3	7.1
Nov 1985	7.2	6.9
Dec 1985	7.2	6.8
Jan 1986	6.9	6.5
Feb 1986	7.4	7.0
Mar 1986	7.4	7.0
Apr 1986	7.4	6.9
May 1986	7.3	7.1
Jun 1986	7.3	7.1
Jul 1986	7.0	7.1
Aug 1986	6.9	6.9
Sep 1986	6.9	7.1
Oct 1986	6.9	7.0
Nov 1986	6.9	6.9
Dec 1986	6.5	6.7
Jan 1987	6.6	6.7
Feb 1987	6.6	6.6
Mar 1987	6.7	6.5
Apr 1987	6.3	6.3
May 1987	6.2	6.4
Jun 1987	6.0	6.3
Jul 1987	6.0	6.1
Aug 1987	6.0	6.1
Sep 1987	6.0	5.8
Oct 1987	6.1	5.9
Nov 1987	6.0	5.7
Dec 1987	5.8	5.7
Jan 1988	5.8	5.7
Feb 1988	5.9	5.6
Mar 1988	5.7	5.7
Apr 1988	5.6	5.3
May 1988	5.6	5.6
Jun 1988	5.4	5.4
Jul 1988	5.5	5.3
Aug 1988	5.6	5.6
Sep 1988	5.5	5.3
Oct 1988	5.4	5.4
Nov 1988	5.3	5.3
Dec 1988	5.3	5.3
Jan 1989	5.4	5.4
Feb 1989	5.1	5.2
Mar 1989	5.2	4.9
Apr 1989	5.3	5.2
May 1989	5.4	5.0
Jun 1989	5.6	5.1
Jul 1989	5.6	5.0
Aug 1989	5.4	5.1
Sep 1989	5.2	5.4
Oct 1989	5.4	5.3
Nov 1989	5.4	5.4
Dec 1989	5.4	5.3
Jan 1990	5.3	5.4
Feb 1990	5.4	5.2
Mar 1990	5.3	5.2
Apr 1990	5.4	5.4
May 1990	5.4	5.3
Jun 1990	5.2	5.3
Jul 1990	5.4	5.6
Aug 1990	5.6	5.8
Sep 1990	5.8	5.9
Oct 1990	5.7	6.1
Nov 1990	5.9	6.4
Dec 1990	5.9	6.5
Jan 1991	6.2	6.5
Feb 1991	6.1	6.9
Mar 1991	6.3	7.2
Apr 1991	6.2	7.1
May 1991	6.6	7.2
Jun 1991	6.5	7.2
Jul 1991	6.3	7.2
Aug 1991	6.5	7.2
Sep 1991	6.4	7.3
Oct 1991	6.6	7.3
Nov 1991	6.7	7.4
Dec 1991	6.9	7.6
Jan 1992	6.7	7.8
Feb 1992	6.9	7.9
Mar 1992	6.9	7.9
Apr 1992	6.9	7.7
May 1992	7.1	8.1
Jun 1992	7.3	8.3
Jul 1992	7.3	8.0
Aug 1992	7.2	8.0
Sep 1992	7.2	8.0
Oct 1992	6.8	7.8
Nov 1992	7.0	7.8
Dec 1992	7.2	7.6
Jan 1993	7.0	7.4
Feb 1993	6.9	7.4
Mar 1993	6.5	7.5
Apr 1993	6.7	7.4
May 1993	6.8	7.3
Jun 1993	6.7	7.4
Jul 1993	6.5	7.2
Aug 1993	6.4	7.1
Sep 1993	6.4	7.0
Oct 1993	6.5	6.9
Nov 1993	6.5	6.7
Dec 1993	6.4	6.6
Jan 1994	6.4	6.8
Feb 1994	6.4	6.7
Mar 1994	6.5	6.5
Apr 1994	6.3	6.4
May 1994	6.0	6.1
Jun 1994	6.1	6.1
Jul 1994	5.9	6.3
Aug 1994	6.0	6.1
Sep 1994	5.9	5.8
Oct 1994	5.7	5.8
Nov 1994	5.6	5.6
Dec 1994	5.5	5.5
Jan 1995	5.6	5.6
Feb 1995	5.5	5.4
Mar 1995	5.5	5.3
Apr 1995	5.9	5.6
May 1995	5.5	5.8
Jun 1995	5.7	5.6
Jul 1995	5.8	5.6
Aug 1995	5.6	5.7
Sep 1995	5.7	5.6
Oct 1995	5.7	5.4
Nov 1995	5.5	5.7
Dec 1995	5.5	5.7
Jan 1996	5.8	5.6
Feb 1996	5.4	5.6
Mar 1996	5.3	5.6
Apr 1996	5.5	5.6
May 1996	5.5	5.6
Jun 1996	5.3	5.3
Jul 1996	5.4	5.5
Aug 1996	5.3	5.0
Sep 1996	5.2	5.2
Oct 1996	5.4	5.1
Nov 1996	5.4	5.3
Dec 1996	5.7	5.0
Jan 1997	5.3	5.3
Feb 1997	5.4	5.1
Mar 1997	5.2	5.1
Apr 1997	5.0	5.1
May 1997	5.2	4.6
Jun 1997	5.0	5.0
Jul 1997	5.0	4.8
Aug 1997	4.9	4.8
Sep 1997	5.0	4.7
Oct 1997	4.7	4.7
Nov 1997	4.7	4.6
Dec 1997	4.8	4.7
Jan 1998	4.8	4.5
Feb 1998	4.8	4.5
Mar 1998	4.8	4.6
Apr 1998	4.6	4.1
May 1998	4.5	4.3
Jun 1998	4.6	4.4
Jul 1998	4.5	4.6
Aug 1998	4.6	4.4
Sep 1998	4.6	4.6
Oct 1998	4.7	4.4
Nov 1998	4.6	4.3
Dec 1998	4.4	4.3
Jan 1999	4.4	4.2
Feb 1999	4.5	4.3
Mar 1999	4.4	3.9
Apr 1999	4.6	4.1
May 1999	4.2	4.2
Jun 1999	4.4	4.2
Jul 1999	4.5	4.2
Aug 1999	4.3	4.1
Sep 1999	4.4	4.1
Oct 1999	4.1	4.1
Nov 1999	4.2	4.0
Dec 1999	4.1	4.0
Jan 2000	4.1	3.9
Feb 2000	4.1	4.1
Mar 2000	4.3	3.8
Apr 2000	4.0	3.7
May 2000	4.2	3.9
Jun 2000	4.1	3.8
Jul 2000	4.2	3.9
Aug 2000	4.3	3.9
Sep 2000	4.0	3.9
Oct 2000	3.9	3.9
Nov 2000	4.0	3.9
Dec 2000	3.8	4.0
Jan 2001	4.1	4.2
Feb 2001	4.2	4.3
Mar 2001	4.2	4.3
Apr 2001	4.3	4.5
May 2001	4.2	4.4
Jun 2001	4.4	4.6
Jul 2001	4.5	4.6
Aug 2001	4.8	5.0
Sep 2001	5.0	4.9
Oct 2001	5.2	5.4
Nov 2001	5.4	5.7
Dec 2001	5.7	5.8
Jan 2002	5.5	5.8
Feb 2002	5.5	5.8
Mar 2002	5.6	5.9
Apr 2002	5.9	6.0
May 2002	5.7	5.8
Jun 2002	5.6	6.0
Jul 2002	5.7	5.9
Aug 2002	5.5	5.9
Sep 2002	5.5	5.9
Oct 2002	5.6	5.8
Nov 2002	5.6	6.1
Dec 2002	5.7	6.2
Jan 2003	5.4	6.2
Feb 2003	5.6	6.1
Mar 2003	5.7	6.1
Apr 2003	5.7	6.4
May 2003	5.7	6.4
Jun 2003	5.9	6.7
Jul 2003	5.7	6.6
Aug 2003	5.8	6.3
Sep 2003	5.8	6.4
Oct 2003	5.7	6.2
Nov 2003	5.4	6.2
Dec 2003	5.6	5.8
Jan 2004	5.7	5.7
Feb 2004	5.5	5.6
Mar 2004	5.8	5.8
Apr 2004	5.4	5.7
May 2004	5.4	5.8
Jun 2004	5.6	5.7
Jul 2004	5.5	5.5
Aug 2004	5.2	5.6
Sep 2004	5.2	5.6
Oct 2004	5.3	5.6
Nov 2004	5.2	5.5
Dec 2004	5.1	5.5
Jan 2005	5.1	5.4
Feb 2005	5.3	5.5
Mar 2005	5.1	5.3
Apr 2005	5.2	5.1
May 2005	5.2	5.0
Jun 2005	5.1	5.0
Jul 2005	5.1	4.9
Aug 2005	4.9	4.9
Sep 2005	5.1	5.0
Oct 2005	5.1	4.8
Nov 2005	5.1	5.0
Dec 2005	4.9	4.8
Jan 2006	4.8	4.6
Feb 2006	4.8	4.8
Mar 2006	4.7	4.7
Apr 2006	4.7	4.7
May 2006	4.5	4.7
Jun 2006	4.6	4.6
Jul 2006	4.7	4.7
Aug 2006	4.6	4.7
Sep 2006	4.7	4.4
Oct 2006	4.4	4.4
Nov 2006	4.5	4.5
Dec 2006	4.4	4.5
Jan 2007	4.5	4.7
Feb 2007	4.3	4.7
Mar 2007	4.3	4.5
Apr 2007	4.4	4.6
May 2007	4.3	4.6
Jun 2007	4.4	4.7
Jul 2007	4.6	4.7
Aug 2007	4.6	4.7
Sep 2007	4.5	4.8
Oct 2007	4.6	4.8
Nov 2007	4.6	4.8
Dec 2007	4.9	5.1
Jan 2008	4.8	5.2
Feb 2008	4.7	5.0
Mar 2008	5.0	5.2
Apr 2008	4.8	5.2
May 2008	5.2	5.6
Jun 2008	5.3	5.8
Jul 2008	5.3	6.2
Aug 2008	5.9	6.3
Sep 2008	5.5	6.7
Oct 2008	5.9	7.1
Nov 2008	6.2	7.4
Dec 2008	6.5	8.0
Jan 2009	7.0	8.6
Feb 2009	7.3	9.2
Mar 2009	7.6	9.7
Apr 2009	7.6	10.1
May 2009	8.0	10.6
Jun 2009	8.3	10.6
Jul 2009	8.3	10.5
Aug 2009	8.3	10.7
Sep 2009	8.5	10.9
Oct 2009	8.7	11.1
Nov 2009	8.6	11.0
Dec 2009	8.7	10.9
Jan 2010	8.4	11.0
Feb 2010	8.6	10.9
Mar 2010	8.7	10.9
Apr 2010	8.8	10.9
May 2010	8.8	10.4
Jun 2010	8.3	10.4
Jul 2010	8.5	10.3
Aug 2010	8.6	10.3
Sep 2010	8.6	10.2
Oct 2010	8.7	10.1
Nov 2010	9.0	10.5
Dec 2010	8.5	10.0
Jan 2011	8.5	9.7
Feb 2011	8.5	9.5
Mar 2011	8.4	9.5
Apr 2011	8.5	9.6
May 2011	8.5	9.5
Jun 2011	8.5	9.6
Jul 2011	8.4	9.5
Aug 2011	8.5	9.4
Sep 2011	8.7	9.3
Oct 2011	8.4	9.2
Nov 2011	8.3	8.9
Dec 2011	8.3	8.7
Jan 2012	8.2	8.4
Feb 2012	8.1	8.4
Mar 2012	8.0	8.4
Apr 2012	8.0	8.3
May 2012	7.9	8.4
Jun 2012	7.9	8.4
Jul 2012	8.0	8.3
Aug 2012	7.8	8.3
Sep 2012	7.6	8.0
Oct 2012	7.6	7.9
Nov 2012	7.6	7.9
Dec 2012	7.9	7.9
Jan 2013	7.8	8.2
Feb 2013	7.6	7.8
Mar 2013	7.5	7.6
Apr 2013	7.3	7.8
May 2013	7.1	7.9
Jun 2013	7.3	7.7
Jul 2013	6.8	7.7
Aug 2013	6.7	7.7
Sep 2013	6.7	7.7
Oct 2013	6.8	7.5
Nov 2013	6.7	7.2
Dec 2013	6.6	6.8
Jan 2014	6.3	6.8
Feb 2014	6.4	6.9
Mar 2014	6.6	6.7
Apr 2014	6.1	6.4
May 2014	6.2	6.4
Jun 2014	5.8	6.3
Jul 2014	6.1	6.2
Aug 2014	6.0	6.3
Sep 2014	6.0	5.9
Oct 2014	5.9	5.6
Nov 2014	5.8	5.9
Dec 2014	5.4	5.7
Jan 2015	5.5	5.8
Feb 2015	5.3	5.6
Mar 2015	5.3	5.6
Apr 2015	5.4	5.5
May 2015	5.5	5.7
Jun 2015	5.1	5.3
Jul 2015	5.2	5.2
Aug 2015	5.0	5.1
Sep 2015	5.0	5.1
Oct 2015	5.0	5.1
Nov 2015	5.0	5.2
Dec 2015	4.9	5.1
Jan 2016	4.9	4.8
Feb 2016	4.8	4.9
Mar 2016	5.1	4.9
Apr 2016	5.0	5.1
May 2016	4.8	4.8
Jun 2016	4.8	4.9
Jul 2016	4.5	5.0
Aug 2016	4.8	5.0
Sep 2016	4.8	5.1
Oct 2016	4.7	5.0
Nov 2016	4.6	4.9
Dec 2016	4.6	4.8
Jan 2017	4.7	4.7
Feb 2017	4.6	4.6
Mar 2017	4.3	4.5
Apr 2017	4.5	4.5
May 2017	4.5	4.3
Jun 2017	4.3	4.3
Jul 2017	4.1	4.3
Aug 2017	4.3	4.5
Sep 2017	4.2	4.3
Oct 2017	4.0	4.3
Nov 2017	4.1	4.3
Dec 2017	4.1	4.1
Jan 2018	4.0	4.1
Feb 2018	4.1	4.0
Mar 2018	4.0	4.0
Apr 2018	3.9	4.2
May 2018	3.7	4.0
Jun 2018	3.9	4.1
Jul 2018	3.8	3.8
Aug 2018	3.8	3.9
Sep 2018	3.6	3.8
Oct 2018	3.7	3.8
Nov 2018	3.8	3.7
Dec 2018	3.8	4.0
Jan 2019	3.9	4.0
Feb 2019	3.8	3.8
Mar 2019	3.7	3.9
Apr 2019	3.5	3.9
May 2019	3.6	3.7
Jun 2019	3.6	3.6
Jul 2019	3.6	3.7
Aug 2019	3.6	3.7
Sep 2019	3.3	3.6
Oct 2019	3.5	3.7
Nov 2019	3.6	3.6
Dec 2019	3.6	3.5
Jan 2020	3.5	3.5
Feb 2020	3.4	3.5
Mar 2020	4.4	4.4
Apr 2020	16.1	13.6
May 2020	14.5	12.2
Jun 2020	11.7	10.5
Jul 2020	10.6	9.8
Aug 2020	8.6	8.3
Sep 2020	8.0	7.7
Oct 2020	6.8	7.0
Nov 2020	6.4	6.9
Dec 2020	6.7	6.7
Jan 2021	6.3	6.4
Feb 2021	6.1	6.3

Unemployment rates of women and men, January 2020 to February 2021, seasonally adjusted
Month	Women	Men
Jan 2020	3.5	3.5
Feb 2020	3.4	3.5
Mar 2020	4.4	4.4
Apr 2020	16.1	13.6
May 2020	14.5	12.2
Jun 2020	11.7	10.5
Jul 2020	10.6	9.8
Aug 2020	8.6	8.3
Sep 2020	8.0	7.7
Oct 2020	6.8	7.0
Nov 2020	6.4	6.9
Dec 2020	6.7	6.7
Jan 2021	6.3	6.4
Feb 2021	6.1	6.3

Employment–population ratios of women and men, seasonally adjusted
Month	Women	Men
Jan 2006	56.3	70.0
Feb 2006	56.4	70.0
Mar 2006	56.4	70.2
Apr 2006	56.4	70.0
May 2006	56.6	70.0
Jun 2006	56.7	70.0
Jul 2006	56.8	69.6
Aug 2006	56.8	69.9
Sep 2006	56.5	70.2
Oct 2006	56.8	70.2
Nov 2006	56.8	70.2
Dec 2006	56.9	70.4
Jan 2007	56.8	70.3
Feb 2007	56.8	70.1
Mar 2007	56.9	70.2
Apr 2007	56.3	70.0
May 2007	56.6	69.9
Jun 2007	56.7	69.8
Jul 2007	56.6	69.6
Aug 2007	56.5	69.4
Sep 2007	56.8	69.5
Oct 2007	56.5	69.3
Nov 2007	56.6	69.6
Dec 2007	56.5	69.4
Jan 2008	56.6	69.6
Feb 2008	56.5	69.5
Mar 2008	56.5	69.3
Apr 2008	56.6	69.2
May 2008	56.5	69.0
Jun 2008	56.4	68.8
Jul 2008	56.3	68.6
Aug 2008	56.1	68.3
Sep 2008	56.1	68.1
Oct 2008	56.1	67.8
Nov 2008	55.8	67.3
Dec 2008	55.6	66.7
Jan 2009	55.2	66.2
Feb 2009	55.2	65.7
Mar 2009	55.0	65.1
Apr 2009	54.9	65.0
May 2009	54.7	64.8
Jun 2009	54.5	64.6
Jul 2009	54.5	64.5
Aug 2009	54.3	64.2
Sep 2009	53.9	63.9
Oct 2009	53.7	63.7
Nov 2009	53.8	63.6
Dec 2009	53.5	63.3
Jan 2010	53.9	63.3
Feb 2010	53.8	63.4
Mar 2010	53.7	63.6
Apr 2010	53.7	64.0
May 2010	53.6	63.9
Jun 2010	53.6	63.8
Jul 2010	53.5	63.9
Aug 2010	53.5	63.9
Sep 2010	53.5	63.8
Oct 2010	53.3	63.6
Nov 2010	53.4	63.4
Dec 2010	53.3	63.6
Jan 2011	53.3	63.7
Feb 2011	53.2	63.8
Mar 2011	53.4	63.8
Apr 2011	53.3	63.7
May 2011	53.2	63.8
Jun 2011	53.0	63.7
Jul 2011	53.1	63.6
Aug 2011	53.1	63.9
Sep 2011	53.2	63.9
Oct 2011	53.3	63.9
Nov 2011	53.2	64.3
Dec 2011	53.1	64.4
Jan 2012	52.9	64.3
Feb 2012	53.1	64.3
Mar 2012	53.2	64.3
Apr 2012	53.0	64.3
May 2012	53.1	64.3
Jun 2012	53.2	64.4
Jul 2012	53.0	64.3
Aug 2012	53.1	64.1
Sep 2012	53.3	64.5
Oct 2012	53.3	64.7
Nov 2012	53.2	64.6
Dec 2012	53.2	64.6
Jan 2013	53.0	64.5
Feb 2013	53.0	64.5
Mar 2013	52.9	64.5
Apr 2013	53.2	64.4
May 2013	53.2	64.4
Jun 2013	53.2	64.5
Jul 2013	53.4	64.4
Aug 2013	53.5	64.3
Sep 2013	53.3	64.4
Oct 2013	52.9	64.0
Nov 2013	53.1	64.5
Dec 2013	53.2	64.5
Jan 2014	53.4	64.5
Feb 2014	53.6	64.3
Mar 2014	53.4	64.8
Apr 2014	53.5	64.6
May 2014	53.5	64.6
Jun 2014	53.5	64.9
Jul 2014	53.4	65.0
Aug 2014	53.4	65.0
Sep 2014	53.4	65.2
Oct 2014	53.7	65.3
Nov 2014	53.7	65.1
Dec 2014	53.6	65.3
Jan 2015	53.7	65.3
Feb 2015	53.6	65.3
Mar 2015	53.6	65.3
Apr 2015	53.6	65.5
May 2015	53.8	65.5
Jun 2015	53.8	65.3
Jul 2015	53.6	65.4
Aug 2015	53.8	65.4
Sep 2015	53.5	65.3
Oct 2015	53.7	65.3
Nov 2015	54.0	65.2
Dec 2015	54.1	65.5
Jan 2016	54.1	65.7
Feb 2016	54.1	65.9
Mar 2016	54.2	65.9
Apr 2016	54.0	65.8
May 2016	54.1	65.7
Jun 2016	53.9	65.9
Jul 2016	54.1	65.8
Aug 2016	54.1	65.9
Sep 2016	54.1	65.8
Oct 2016	54.1	65.7
Nov 2016	54.1	65.7
Dec 2016	54.1	65.7
Jan 2017	54.2	65.9
Feb 2017	54.3	65.9
Mar 2017	54.7	66.0
Apr 2017	54.6	66.2
May 2017	54.5	66.0
Jun 2017	54.6	66.1
Jul 2017	54.8	66.0
Aug 2017	54.7	66.0
Sep 2017	54.8	66.3
Oct 2017	54.5	66.0
Nov 2017	54.6	65.9
Dec 2017	54.5	66.1
Jan 2018	54.5	66.2
Feb 2018	54.6	66.6
Mar 2018	54.7	66.5
Apr 2018	54.7	66.5
May 2018	54.8	66.5
Jun 2018	55.0	66.3
Jul 2018	55.2	66.3
Aug 2018	54.8	66.1
Sep 2018	55.0	66.2
Oct 2018	55.1	66.2
Nov 2018	55.1	66.3
Dec 2018	55.2	66.3
Jan 2019	55.2	66.5
Feb 2019	55.3	66.5
Mar 2019	55.2	66.5
Apr 2019	55.2	66.4
May 2019	55.1	66.5
Jun 2019	55.1	66.6
Jul 2019	55.2	66.7
Aug 2019	55.5	66.6
Sep 2019	55.6	66.7
Oct 2019	55.7	66.6
Nov 2019	55.6	66.8
Dec 2019	55.6	66.7
Jan 2020	55.8	66.8
Feb 2020	55.8	66.8
Mar 2020	54.6	65.5
Apr 2020	45.8	57.2
May 2020	47.3	58.6
Jun 2020	49.5	60.1
Jul 2020	50.2	60.5
Aug 2020	51.3	62.1
Sep 2020	51.2	62.4
Oct 2020	52.1	63.0
Nov 2020	52.3	62.8
Dec 2020	52.2	62.9
Jan 2021	52.2	63.2
Feb 2021	52.4	63.1

Labor force participation rates of parents
Month	Fathers with own children ages 6–17, none younger	Fathers with own children under age 6	Mothers with own children ages 6–17, none younger	Mothers with own children under age 6
Jan 2020	92.2	94.6	77.7	67.2
Feb 2020	92.3	94.3	77.6	67.6
Mar 2020	92.1	94.3	77.0	66.4
Apr 2020	90.5	91.4	73.5	64.0
May 2020	91.0	93.2	74.4	64.9
Jun 2020	92.1	93.9	74.2	66.9
Jul 2020	91.4	93.7	74.9	66.9
Aug 2020	90.9	93.6	74.6	66.4
Sep 2020	91.2	92.6	74.7	64.5
Oct 2020	90.7	93.0	75.4	64.8
Nov 2020	91.0	93.2	75.4	65.0
Dec 2020	90.9	93.3	75.3	64.8
Jan 2021	91.1	93.2	75.1	64.4
Feb 2021	91.3	94.0	74.6	65.9

Percent of employed people who teleworked at some point in the last 4 weeks because of the COVID–19 pandemic
Month	Women	Men
May 2020	40.9	30.8
Jun 2020	36.0	27.2
Jul 2020	29.3	23.9
Aug 2020	27.1	21.9
Sep 2020	25.8	19.9
Oct 2020	24.0	18.8
Nov 2020	24.5	19.3
Dec 2020	26.6	21.2
Jan 2021	26.0	20.8
Feb 2021	25.1	20.5

Topics: Educational Attainment | Employment | Labor Force Characteristics | Unemployment