Percent change in productivity by select periods

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Change in productivity by select subperiods
Industry	1987 to 1990	1990 to 2000	2000 to 2007	2007 to 2019	2019 to 2023
Utilities	1.4	5.8	1.0	0.0	-0.7
Air transportation	-3.4	3.0	7.9	1.8	-5.5
Line-haul railroads	5.8	5.1	2.8	1.8	0.2
Truck transportation(1)		0.2	0.8	1.2	0.5
Postal service	1.3	1.1	0.9	-1.8	-3.4
Couriers and messengers	-0.8	-0.8	0.9	-5.2	-5.8
Warehousing and storage(1)		4.3	0.8	0.0	-8.7
Publishing	2.5	5.6	3.0	4.0	3.9
Broadcasting, except Internet	-0.3	0.7	3.9	4.6	7.7
Wired telecommunications carriers	4.8	5.0	3.6	2.8	-0.8
Wireless telecommunications carriers	-1.9	8.0	16.5	15.5	6.8
Commercial banking	6.4	4.6	3.1	0.2	1.2
Truck, trailer, and RV rental and leasing	4.6	6.1	1.7	-1.2	4.0
Video tape and disc rental	8.2	3.6	5.3	6.2	-2.1
Accounting and bookkeeping services(2)		2.3	3.2	1.3	1.1
Engineering services	3.2	0.3	2.1	0.5	0.5
Travel arrangement and reservation services(2)		7.0	8.2	6.1	7.1
Medical and diagnostic laboratories(3)		6.6	1.0	0.2	4.2
Amusement parks and arcades(4)				-1.3	5.0
Gambling industries(2)		-2.2	4.5	2.2	9.1
Food services and drinking places	1.9	0.2	0.7	0.1	3.4
Automotive repair and maintenance	1.5	2.2	-0.2	0.9	-1.4
Drycleaning and laundry services	-0.8	1.4	1.1	-1.3	1.3
Footnotes (1) Rates are calculated starting in 1992. (2) Rates are calculated starting in 1997. (3) Rates are calculated starting in 1994. (4) Rates are calculated starting in 2007.