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Economic News Release
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Worker Displacement News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, August 26, 2010           USDL-10-1174

Technical information: (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                        WORKER DISPLACEMENT: 2007-2009


From January 2007 through December 2009, 6.9 million workers were displaced
from jobs they had held for at least 3 years, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Sta-
tistics reported today. This was nearly twice as many as were displaced for
the survey period covering January 2005 to December 2007. In January 2010,
about half of displaced workers were reemployed, down from about two-thirds
for the prior survey in January 2008. The more recent period includes the 
recession that began in December 2007. In contrast, the prior survey covered
a period of employment growth and declining unemployment.

Since 1984, the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S. Department
of Labor has sponsored surveys that collect information on  workers who were
displaced from their jobs. These surveys have been conducted biennially as
supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly survey of house-
holds that is the primary source of information on the nation's labor force.

Displaced workers are defined as persons 20 years of age and older who lost
or left jobs because their plant or company closed or moved, there was insuf-
ficient work for them to do, or their position or shift was abolished. The
period covered in this study was 2007-09, the 3 calendar years prior to the
January 2010 survey date. The following analysis focuses primarily on the 6.9
million persons who had worked for their employer for 3 or more years at the
time of displacement (referred to as long-tenured). An additional 8.5 million
persons were displaced from jobs they had held for less than 3 years (referred
to as short-tenured). Combining the short- and long-tenured groups, the number
of displaced workers totaled 15.4 million from 2007-09, up from 8.3 million 
for the period covered by the prior survey (2005-07).

Highlights from the January 2010 survey include:

   --In January 2010, 49 percent of the 6.9 million long-tenured displaced
     workers were reemployed, down from 67 percent for the prior survey in
     January 2008. This is lowest reemployment rate on record for the series,
     which began in 1984. (See table 1.)

   --Forty-three percent of long-tenured displaced workers cited insuffi-
     cient work as the reason for their displacement, up from 24 percent
     for the previous survey. (See table 2.)

   --Nearly 1 in 4 long-tenured displaced workers lost a job in manufac-
     turing. (See table 4.)

   --Among long-tenured workers who were displaced from full-time wage
     and salary jobs and who were reemployed in such jobs, 45 percent had
     earnings that were as much or more than those on the lost job. This
     was lower than the proportion in January 2008, when 55 percent of 
     those workers had earnings equal to or greater than those on the lost
     job. (See table 7.)

Characteristics of the Reemployed

Forty-nine percent of the 6.9 million long-tenured displaced workers were re-
employed at the time of the survey in January 2010, down from 67 percent for
the January 2008 survey. The proportion unemployed at the time of the most
recent survey, 36 percent, was double the proportion in January 2008 (18 per-
cent). Fifteen percent of long-tenured displaced workers were not in the labor
force in January 2010, the same as in the previous survey. (See table 1.)

In January 2010, reemployment rates for workers ages 20 to 24 and 25 to 54
were 55 and 53 percent, respectively. Reemployment rates for older workers--
ages 55 to 64 and 65 years and over--were 39 and 23 percent, respectively.
Among most age groups, displaced workers were less likely to be employed and
more likely to be unemployed than they were in the prior survey. Among those
age 65 and over, 45 percent were no longer in the labor force when surveyed in
January 2010, down from 69 percent in January 2008.

Among the displaced, men and women (49 percent) were equally likely to have found
a new job at the time of the survey in January 2010. The reemployment rates for
both men and women declined from the prior survey. Displaced men were somewhat
more likely than displaced women to be unemployed at the time of the survey--39
versus 31 percent. The share of displaced women who had left the labor force, at
20 percent, was greater than that for men--12 percent.

In January 2010, the reemployment rates for long-tenured displaced whites (50
percent), Hispanics (49 percent), blacks (43 percent), and Asians (38 percent)
declined from the rates recorded in the January 2008 survey.

Reason for Job Loss and Receipt of Advance Notice

Of the 6.9 million long-tenured workers displaced during the January 2007 through
December 2009 period, 43 percent cited insufficient work, 31 percent lost or left
their jobs due to plant or company closings or moves, and 27 percent reported that
their position or shift was abolished as the reason for being displaced. The pro-
portion of displaced workers citing plant closings or moves or an abolished shift
or position decreased from the prior survey, while the share reporting insuffi-
cient work increased. In prior displaced worker survey periods, plant or company
closings or moves had been the most frequently stated reason for displacement.
(See table 2.)

Thirty-seven percent of long-tenured displaced workers in the January 2010 survey
received written advance notice that their jobs would be terminated, down from 43
percent in the prior survey. Workers who lost jobs due to plant or company closings
or moves were most likely to receive written advance notice. Of this group, 55 per-
cent received such notice. In contrast, 37 percent of workers who were displaced
because their position or shift was abolished and 24 percent of those who lost jobs
due to insufficient work were notified in advance. For each of these groups, how-
ever, receipt of written advance notice had little impact on the likelihood of being
reemployed at the time of the survey in January 2010. (See table 3.)

Industry and Occupation

As was the case in prior surveys, manufacturing accounted for the largest number of
displaced workers. During the 2007-09 period 1.6 million factory workers were dis-
placed from their jobs--23 percent of all long-tenured displaced workers. Manufac-
turing displacements were again concentrated within the durable goods component (1.1
million), particularly in transportation equipment and in computers and electronic
products. Workers in wholesale and retail trade accounted for 14 percent, and con-
struction made up 13 percent of all long-tenured displaced. (See table 4.)

The reemployment rates for workers displaced from construction (49 percent) and
wholesale and retail trade (49 percent) were the same as the overall reemployment
rate for displaced workers. (Workers were not necessarily reemployed in the same
industries from which they were displaced.) By comparison, reemployment rates for
workers displaced from jobs in financial activities (58 percent), education and
health services (57 percent), and government (55 percent) were above the overall
reemployment rate. Displaced manufacturing workers (39 percent) were the least
likely to be reemployed at the time of the survey.

Compared with the prior survey, the number of displaced workers was higher for all
occupation groups in January 2010. Reemployment rates differed by occupation, but
were highest for those employed in professional and related occupations (60 percent)
and lowest for those in production occupations (37 percent). (See table 5.)

Geographic Divisions

Compared to the prior survey period, the number of long-tenured workers displaced
during 2007-09 was higher in every geographic division of the United States. In
January 2010, those residing in the West North Central division had the highest
reemployment rates; about 60 percent of the displaced in this region were reem-
ployed at the time of the survey. About one-quarter of displaced manufacturing
workers lived in the East North Central division. (See table 6.)

Earnings

Of the 2.9 million displaced workers who lost full-time wage and salary jobs
during the 2007-09 period and were reemployed in January 2010, 2.2 million had
found full-time wage and salary jobs. Of these reemployed full-time workers who
reported earnings on their lost job, 45 percent were earning as much or more than
they did prior to displacement; the proportion was 55 percent in the January 2008
survey. In the most recent survey, 36 percent reported earnings losses of 20 per-
cent or more. (See table 7.)

Total Displaced Workers (With No Tenure Restriction)

The total number of workers displaced between January 2007 and December 2009 (re-
gardless of how long they had held their jobs) was 15.4 million, up by 7.2 million
from the previous survey period. Of the total number of workers who lost jobs over
the 2007-09 period, 49 percent were reemployed and 36 percent were unemployed in
January 2010. In the January 2008 survey, 67 percent of the total displaced were
reemployed and 19 percent were unemployed. (See table 8.)




Technical Note

   The data presented in this release were collected through a supplement to the
January 2010 Current Population Survey (CPS), the monthly survey of about 60,000
households that provides the basic data on employment and unemployment for the
nation. The CPS is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS). The purpose of this supplement was to obtain information on the
number and characteristics of persons who had been displaced (as defined below)
from their jobs over the prior 3 calendar years. Additional information, reports,
and archived news releases, including the Worker Displacement 2005-2007 news re-
lease, are available online at www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#displaced.

   Data presented in this release are based on Census 2000 population con-
trols that are updated annually in January. For additional information, see
"Population control adjustments to the CPS" available on the Internet at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired in-
dividuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service:
(800) 877-8339.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance
that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they re-
present. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the parti-
cular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of
the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors
from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are
generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can
occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the popula-
tion, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inabil-
ity or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors
made in the collection or processing of the data.

   A full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and information on
estimating standard errors is documented and can be found on the BLS web site at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability.

Concepts and questions

   Displaced workers are wage and salary workers 20 years of age and older who
lost or left jobs because their plant or company closed or moved, there was in-
sufficient work for them to do, or their position or shift was abolished. Data
are often presented for long-tenured displaced workers--those who had worked for
their employer for 3 or more years at the time of displacement.

   Wage and salary workers receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips, payment
in kind, or piece rates. The group includes employees in both the private and
public sectors but excludes all self-employed persons, both those with incor-
porated businesses as well as those with unincorporated businesses.

   Data discussed in this release on displaced workers were obtained from the
following questions:

   (This question was asked of all persons 20 years and over.) During the last
3 calendar years, that is, January 2007 through December 2009, did (you/name)
lose a job or leave one because: (your/his/her) plant or company closed or
moved, (your/his/her) position or shift was abolished, insufficient work, or
another similar reason?

   (If the respondent answered "yes" to the above question on job loss, the
following question was then asked.) Which of these specific reasons describes
why (name/you) (is/are) no longer working at that job?

   Plant or company closed down or moved
   Plant or company operating but lost or left job because of:
     Insufficient work
     Position or shift abolished
     Seasonal job completed
   Self-operated business failed
   Some other reason

   Respondents who provided one of the first three reasons--plant or company
closed or moved, insufficient work, or position or shift abolished--were clas-
sified as displaced and asked additional questions about the lost job, including
how many years they had worked for their employer; the year the job was lost;
the earnings, industry, and occupation of the lost job; and whether health insur-
ance had been provided. Other questions were asked to determine what occurred
before and after the job loss, such as: Was the respondent notified of the up-
coming dismissal?  How long did he/she go without work? Did he/she receive un-
employment benefits? And, if so, were the benefits used up? Did the person move
to another location after the job loss to take or look for another job? Informa-
tion also was collected about current health insurance coverage (other than Medi-
care and Medicaid) and current earnings for those employed in January 2010.




Table 1. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and
employment status in January 2010
                                                                                                         
                                                         Percent distribution by employment status       
   Age, sex, race, and Hispanic         Total                                                            
        or Latino ethnicity          (thousands)                                                         
                                                      Total        Employed     Unemployed    Not in the 
                                                                                             labor force 
                                                                                                         
               TOTAL                                                                                     
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over.......      6,938        100.0          48.8          36.1          15.2    
20 to 24 years.....................        227        100.0          54.8          29.8          15.4    
25 to 54 years.....................      4,923        100.0          53.4          35.6          11.0    
55 to 64 years.....................      1,395        100.0          38.7          39.9          21.4    
65 years and over..................        392        100.0          22.5          32.4          45.1    
                                                                                                         
                Men                                                                                      
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over.......      4,183        100.0          49.0          39.1          11.9    
20 to 24 years.....................        144        100.0          54.2          38.7           7.1    
25 to 54 years.....................      3,031        100.0          53.1          38.4           8.4    
55 to 64 years.....................        810        100.0          38.4          41.4          20.2    
65 years and over..................        198        100.0          24.3          41.2          34.5    
                                                                                                         
               Women                                                                                     
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over.......      2,754        100.0          48.5          31.4          20.1    
20 to 24 years.....................         84        100.0          55.8          14.6          29.7    
25 to 54 years.....................      1,892        100.0          53.9          31.0          15.1    
55 to 64 years.....................        585        100.0          39.2          37.8          23.0    
65 years and over..................        194        100.0          20.7          23.3          56.0    
                                                                                                         
               White                                                                                     
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over.......      5,716        100.0          50.3          35.0          14.8    
Men................................      3,518        100.0          50.8          37.8          11.4    
Women..............................      2,198        100.0          49.5          30.4          20.2    
                                                                                                         
     Black or African American                                                                           
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over.......        761        100.0          42.9          41.2          15.9    
Men................................        410        100.0          39.7          48.4          12.0    
Women..............................        351        100.0          46.7          32.8          20.4    
                                                                                                         
               Asian                                                                                     
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over.......        294        100.0          37.8          47.8          14.3    
Men................................        160        100.0          34.8          51.5          13.7    
Women..............................        135        100.0          41.5          43.4          15.1    
                                                                                                         
   Hispanic or Latino ethnicity                                                                          
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over.......        993        100.0          48.7          38.0          13.4    
Men................................        696        100.0          52.3          38.9           8.8    
Women..............................        297        100.0          40.1          35.8          24.1    

   1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between
January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the
abolishment of their positions or shifts.
   NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum
to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as  His-
panic or Latino may be of any race.




Table 2. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and reason for job
loss, January 2010
                                                                                                                  
                                                                  Percent distribution by reason for job loss     
                                                                                                                  
        Age, sex, race, and Hispanic             Total                                                            
            or Latino ethnicity               (thousands)                   Plant or                  Position or 
                                                               Total        company     Insufficient     shift    
                                                                          closed down       work       abolished  
                                                                            or moved                              
                                                                                                                  
                   TOTAL                                                                                          
                                                                                                                  
    Total, 20 years and over................      6,938        100.0          30.6          42.8          26.6    
20 to 24 years..............................        227        100.0          35.9          52.6          11.5    
25 to 54 years..............................      4,923        100.0          30.4          43.8          25.8    
55 to 64 years..............................      1,395        100.0          32.5          38.6          28.9    
65 years and over...........................        392        100.0          23.7          39.9          36.4    
                                                                                                                  
                    Men                                                                                           
                                                                                                                  
    Total, 20 years and over................      4,183        100.0          29.8          47.9          22.3    
20 to 24 years..............................        144        100.0          25.4          66.6           8.0    
25 to 54 years..............................      3,031        100.0          29.5          49.2          21.3    
55 to 64 years..............................        810        100.0          33.2          40.7          26.1    
65 years and over...........................        198        100.0          25.2          43.4          31.3    
                                                                                                                  
                   Women                                                                                          
                                                                                                                  
    Total, 20 years and over................      2,754        100.0          31.8          35.1          33.1    
20 to 24 years..............................         84        100.0          54.1          28.6          17.3    
25 to 54 years..............................      1,892        100.0          31.8          35.1          33.1    
55 to 64 years..............................        585        100.0          31.6          35.6          32.8    
65 years and over...........................        194        100.0          22.1          36.3          41.5    
                                                                                                                  
                   White                                                                                          
                                                                                                                  
    Total, 20 years and over................      5,716        100.0          29.7          42.9          27.3    
Men.........................................      3,518        100.0          28.4          48.2          23.4    
Women.......................................      2,198        100.0          31.9          34.5          33.7    
                                                                                                                  
         Black or African American                                                                                
                                                                                                                  
    Total, 20 years and over................        761        100.0          33.9          41.7          24.4    
Men.........................................        410        100.0          35.9          47.9          16.2    
Women.......................................        351        100.0          31.5          34.6          34.0    
                                                                                                                  
                   Asian                                                                                          
                                                                                                                  
    Total, 20 years and over................        294        100.0          34.0          44.4          21.6    
Men.........................................        160        100.0          36.4          42.2          21.4    
Women.......................................        135        100.0          31.2          47.0          21.8    
                                                                                                                  
        Hispanic or Latino ethnicity                                                                              
                                                                                                                  
    Total, 20 years and over................        993        100.0          32.4          57.0          10.6    
Men.........................................        696        100.0          31.8          59.8           8.4    
Women.......................................        297        100.0          33.8          50.4          15.8    

   1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2007
and December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their
positions or shifts.
   NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals
because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be
of any race.




Table 3. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) by whether they received written advance notice, reason for job loss,
and employment status in January 2010
                                                                                                                     
                                                                         Percent distribution by employment status   
                                                             Total                                                   
                     Characteristic                       (thousands)                                                
                                                                         Total      Employed   Unemployed  Not in the
                                                                                                          labor force
                          TOTAL                                                                                      
                                                                                                                     
    Total, 20 years and over (2).........................     6,938      100.0        48.8        36.1        15.2   
Received written advance notice..........................     2,554      100.0        51.6        33.5        15.0   
Did not receive written advance notice...................     4,296      100.0        47.2        37.7        15.1   
                                                                                                                     
          Plant or company closed down or moved                                                                      
                                                                                                                     
    Total, 20 years and over (2).........................     2,123      100.0        53.2        30.5        16.3   
Received written advance notice..........................     1,175      100.0        54.1        30.0        15.9   
Did not receive written advance notice...................       933      100.0        52.0        31.3        16.6   
                                                                                                                     
                    Insufficient work                                                                                
                                                                                                                     
    Total, 20 years and over (2).........................     2,971      100.0        44.5        41.7        13.8   
Received written advance notice..........................       703      100.0        44.9        40.5        14.6   
Did not receive written advance notice...................     2,210      100.0        44.4        42.2        13.4   
                                                                                                                     
               Position or shift abolished                                                                           
                                                                                                                     
    Total, 20 years and over (2).........................     1,844      100.0        50.6        33.3        16.0   
Received written advance notice..........................       676      100.0        54.1        32.3        13.6   
Did not receive written advance notice...................     1,154      100.0        48.5        34.3        17.1   

   1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2007 and
December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions
or shifts.
   2 Includes a small number who did not report information on advance notice.




Table 4. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) by industry and class of worker of lost job and employment status in
January 2010
                                                                                                                     
                                                                         Percent distribution by employment status   
                                                             Total                                                   
        Industry and class of worker of lost job          (thousands)                                                
                                                                         Total      Employed   Unemployed  Not in the
                                                                                                          labor force
                                                                                                                     
     Total, 20 years and over (2)........................     6,938      100.0        48.8        36.1        15.2   
Agriculture and related industries wage and salary                                                                   
 workers.................................................        36      100.0        (3)         (3)         (3)    
Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers.......     6,811      100.0        49.1        36.0        15.0   
                                                                                                                     
  Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers........     6,546      100.0        48.8        36.2        15.0   
        Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction....        73      100.0        (3)         (3)         (3)    
        Construction.....................................       919      100.0        49.1        39.2        11.6   
        Manufacturing....................................     1,568      100.0        38.7        44.6        16.7   
             Durable goods manufacturing ................     1,134      100.0        33.4        49.1        17.5   
                 Primary metals and fabricated metal                                                                 
                  products...............................       149      100.0        36.5        53.5        10.0   
                 Machinery manufacturing.................       154      100.0        30.7        52.4        16.9   
                 Computers and electronic products.......       184      100.0        38.0        47.4        14.6   
                 Electrical equipment and appliances.....        50      100.0        (3)         (3)         (3)    
                 Transportation equipment................       276      100.0        35.9        42.4        21.8   
                 Miscellaneous manufacturing.............       130      100.0        30.7        47.3        22.0   
                 Other durable goods industries..........       191      100.0        27.4        53.7        18.8   
             Nondurable goods manufacturing .............       435      100.0        52.6        32.7        14.7   
                 Food manufacturing......................        39      100.0        (3)         (3)         (3)    
                 Textiles, apparel, and leather..........        81      100.0        48.1        32.4        19.5   
                 Paper and printing......................       105      100.0        29.8        47.2        23.0   
                 Other nondurable goods industries.......       209      100.0        60.1        29.4        10.4   
        Wholesale and retail trade.......................       995      100.0        48.8        32.6        18.6   
             Wholesale trade.............................       294      100.0        50.4        36.7        12.9   
             Retail trade................................       701      100.0        48.1        30.9        21.0   
        Transportation and utilities (4).................       312      100.0        44.5        38.8        16.7   
             Transportation and warehousing..............       297      100.0        44.6        39.2        16.2   
        Information (4)..................................       195      100.0        41.3        43.5        15.2   
             Telecommunications..........................        68      100.0        (3)         (3)         (3)    
        Financial activities.............................       607      100.0        58.4        28.7        12.8   
             Finance and insurance.......................       463      100.0        57.6        29.1        13.3   
                 Finance.................................       331      100.0        58.0        28.7        13.3   
                 Insurance...............................       132      100.0        56.7        30.1        13.2   
             Real estate and rental and leasing..........       144      100.0        61.1        27.4        11.5   
        Professional and business services...............       778      100.0        52.0        35.2        12.8   
             Professional and technical services.........       507      100.0        56.5        33.7         9.8   
             Management, administrative, and waste                                                                   
              services...................................       271      100.0        43.5        38.1        18.3   
        Education and health services....................       543      100.0        56.9        28.5        14.6   
             Educational services........................       105      100.0        49.3        28.6        22.1   
             Health care and social assistance (4).......       438      100.0        58.7        28.4        12.8   
                 Hospitals...............................       121      100.0        64.0        27.6         8.4   
                 Health services, except hospitals.......       233      100.0        55.6        31.6        12.8   
        Leisure and hospitality (4)......................       326      100.0        52.2        32.5        15.3   
             Accommodation and food services (4).........       223      100.0        62.5        26.0        11.4   
                 Food services and drinking places.......       181      100.0        67.2        20.5        12.2   
        Other services...................................       231      100.0        64.0        20.4        15.6   
                                                                                                                     
  Government wage and salary workers.....................       265      100.0        55.3        30.2        14.5   

   1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2007 and
December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions
or shifts.
   2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report industry or class of
worker.
  3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
  4 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
  NOTE: Beginning with data for January 2010, industries reflect the introduction of the 2007 census industry
classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the
2007 North American Industry Classification System. No historical data have been revised.




Table 5. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) by occupation of lost job and employment status in January 2010
                                                                                                              
                                                                  Percent distribution by employment status   
                                                      Total                                                   
              Occupation of lost job               (thousands)                                                
                                                                  Total      Employed   Unemployed  Not in the
                                                                                                   labor force
                                                                                                              
     Total, 20 years and over (2).................     6,938      100.0        48.8        36.1        15.2   
                                                                                                              
 Management, professional, and related occupations     2,113      100.0        58.0        30.4        11.5   
   Management, business, and financial operations                                                             
    occupations...................................     1,149      100.0        56.7        31.1        12.2   
   Professional and related occupations...........       964      100.0        59.6        29.7        10.8   
                                                                                                              
 Service occupations..............................       565      100.0        51.8        31.7        16.5   
                                                                                                              
 Sales and office occupations.....................     1,718      100.0        46.4        36.4        17.2   
   Sales and related occupations..................       675      100.0        53.3        30.1        16.6   
   Office and administrative support occupations..     1,043      100.0        41.9        40.5        17.7   
                                                                                                              
 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance                                                             
  occupations.....................................     1,089      100.0        47.5        40.4        12.1   
   Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.....        26      100.0        (3)         (3)         (3)    
   Construction and extraction occupations........       745      100.0        46.9        40.8        12.4   
   Installation, maintenance, and repair                                                                      
   occupations....................................       317      100.0        50.2        39.3        10.5   
                                                                                                              
 Production, transportation, and material moving                                                              
  occupations.....................................     1,382      100.0        38.2        42.0        19.8   
   Production occupations.........................       873      100.0        37.3        43.3        19.4   
   Transportation and material moving occupations        508      100.0        39.7        39.7        20.5   

   1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January
2007 and December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of
their positions or shifts.
   2 Total includes a small number who did not report occupation.
   3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.




Table 6. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) by selected characteristics and area of residence in January 2010
(In thousands)
                                                                                                                       
                                                New    Middle   East    West    South    East    West                  
           Characteristic              Total  England Atlantic  North   North  Atlantic  South   South Mountain Pacific
                                                               Central Central          Central Central                
                                                                                                                       
       Workers who lost jobs                                                                                           
                                                                                                                       
    Total, 20 years and over........   6,938      395     829   1,268     444   1,376     343     521      521    1,241
Men.................................   4,183      219     488     755     247     836     208     334      326      771
Women...............................   2,754      177     340     513     197     540     135     187      196      470
                                                                                                                       
        Reason for job loss                                                                                            
                                                                                                                       
Plant or company closed down or                                                                                        
 moved..............................   2,123      106     326     395     135     362     121     169      145      365
Insufficient work...................   2,971      166     287     489     151     642     155     265      243      573
Position or shift abolished.........   1,844      124     215     384     158     372      67      87      134      303
                                                                                                                       
Industry and class of worker of lost                                                                                   
              job (2)                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                       
Agriculture and related industries                                                                                     
 wage and salary workers............      36        1       3       7       2       5      -       -         1       17
Nonagricultural industries wage and                                                                                    
 salary workers.....................   6,811      392     817   1,240     436   1,352     343     496      514    1,222
                                                                                                                       
  Private nonagricultural wage and                                                                                     
   salary workers...................   6,546      375     789   1,190     425   1,286     328     493      501    1,157
        Mining, quarrying, and oil                                                                                     
         and gas extraction.........      73       -       10       2      -        4       4      41       12       - 
        Construction................     919       24      64     148      40     269      33      68       88      185
        Manufacturing...............   1,568       73     182     407     110     232     133      86       89      256
             Durable goods..........   1,134       49      99     328      90     167      91      58       68      184
             Nondurable goods.......     435       23      83      79      21      65      42      28       21       72
        Wholesale and retail trade..     995       61     139     158      66     198      51      76       58      187
        Transportation and utilities     312       20      27      78      12      54      22      29       23       47
        Information.................     195       30      13      28      23      21       8      22       18       31
        Financial activities........     607       43      66     106      51     137      14      44       37      108
        Professional and business                                                                                      
         services...................     778       41      90     125      53     152      24      44       89      161
        Education and health                                                                                           
         services...................     543       33     128      67      33     100      20      56       25       81
        Leisure and hospitality.....     326       25      41      44      18      67      13      17       48       52
        Other services..............     231       24      29      26      18      53       7      10       15       48
                                                                                                                       
  Government wage and salary workers     265       17      28      49      11      66      14       3       12       65
                                                                                                                       
         Employment status                                                                                             
          in January 2010                                                                                              
                                                                                                                       
Employed............................   3,385      197     372     616     264     657     157     275      280      566
Unemployed..........................   2,502      154     323     457     121     511     138     158      146      493
Not in the labor force..............   1,051       44     134     195      59     208      48      87       95      182

   1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2007 and
December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions
or shifts.
   2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report industry or class of worker.
   NOTE: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont compose the New England Division;
New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania compose the Middle Atlantic Division; Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and
Wisconsin compose the East North Central Division; Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South
Dakota compose the West North Central Division; Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Caro-
lina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia compose the South Atlantic Division; Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi,
and Tennessee compose the East South Central Division; Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas compose the West South
Central Division; Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming compose the Mountain Divi-
sion; Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington compose the Pacific Division. Dash represents or rounds to
zero.




Table 7. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) who lost full-time wage and salary jobs and were reemployed in January 2010
by industry of lost job and characteristics of new job
(In thousands)
                                                                                                                      
                                                                     Reemployed in January 2010                       
                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                      
                                                                     Wage and salary workers                          
                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                      
                                                                                Full time                             
                                                                                                               Self-  
  Industry and class of worker of lost job                                                                    employed
                                              Total                   Earnings relative to those of lost job    and   
                                                       Part                                                    unpaid 
                                                       time                                                    family 
                                                              Total      20      Below,   Equal or     20     workers 
                                                               (2)    percent     but      above,   percent           
                                                                      or more  within 20    but     or more           
                                                                       below    percent  within 20   above            
                                                                                          percent                     
                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                      
    Total who lost full-time wage and salary                                                                          
     jobs (3)...............................   2,933     424   2,161      649       345       522       295       348 
Agriculture and related industries wage and                                                                           
 salary workers.............................      10       1       9        3         1        -          4        -  
Nonagricultural industries wage and salary                                                                            
 workers....................................   2,903     423   2,132      645       341       519       287       348 
                                                                                                                      
  Private nonagricultural wage and salary                                                                             
   workers..................................   2,794     406   2,040      624       331       487       263       348 
        Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas                                                                            
         extraction.........................      46      -       39       20         4        -         10         7 
        Construction........................     380      51     283       80        45        61        42        46 
        Manufacturing.......................     575      64     467      162        78       107        39        44 
             Durable goods..................     361      38     289      102        46        68        24        34 
             Nondurable goods...............     214      26     178       60        32        39        14        10 
        Wholesale and retail trade..........     407      90     269       94        40        69        39        48 
        Transportation and utilities........     133      19     104       32         9        27        15        10 
        Information.........................      73       6      47       15         9        15         3        20 
        Financial activities................     322      38     235       69        43        67        24        49 
        Professional and business services..     367      45     253       66        38        63        39        69 
        Education and health services.......     249      61     169       38        41        42        29        20 
        Leisure and hospitality.............     123      18      95       30        11        11        20        10 
        Other services......................     119      15      79       19        12        24         5        25 
                                                                                                                      
  Government wage and salary workers........     109      17      92       21        10        33        25        -  

   1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2007 and
December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions
or shifts.
   2 Includes about 350,000 persons who did not report earnings on lost job.
   3 Includes a small number who did not report industry.
   NOTE: Dash represents or rounds to zero.




Table 8. Total displaced workers(1) by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2010
                                                                                                         
                                                                Percent distribution by employment status
                                                      Total                                              
                  Characteristic                   (thousands)                                           
                                                                 Total  Employed  Unemployed   Not in the
                                                                                              labor force
                                                                                                         
              Workers who lost jobs                                                                      
                                                                                                         
    Total, 20 years and over......................    15,429     100.0     48.8       36.4        14.8   
20 to 24 years....................................     1,528     100.0     48.6       33.8        17.6   
25 to 54 years....................................    11,178     100.0     51.7       36.6        11.7   
55 to 64 years....................................     2,148     100.0     41.4       38.1        20.5   
65 years and over.................................       575     100.0     20.8       32.6        46.7   
                                                                                                         
    Men, 20 years and over........................     9,380     100.0     49.1       39.3        11.6   
20 to 24 years....................................       960     100.0     47.0       39.3        13.7   
25 to 54 years....................................     6,892     100.0     52.3       39.0         8.8   
55 to 64 years....................................     1,240     100.0     39.5       40.9        19.6   
65 years and over.................................       287     100.0     21.3       40.6        38.1   
                                                                                                         
    Women, 20 years and over......................     6,050     100.0     48.3       32.0        19.7   
20 to 24 years....................................       567     100.0     51.3       24.5        24.2   
25 to 54 years....................................     4,287     100.0     50.7       32.9        16.3   
55 to 64 years....................................       908     100.0     43.9       34.3        21.8   
65 years and over.................................       288     100.0     20.3       24.5        55.2   
                                                                                                         
White.............................................    12,227     100.0     51.0       34.7        14.3   
Black or African American.........................     2,112     100.0     38.6       46.6        14.8   
Asian.............................................       652     100.0     43.6       39.2        17.2   
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity......................     2,546     100.0     49.7       36.6        13.7   
                                                                                                         
               Reason for job loss                                                                       
                                                                                                         
Plant or company closed down or moved.............     4,178     100.0     53.8       30.7        15.5   
Insufficient work.................................     7,765     100.0     44.3       41.2        14.5   
Position or shift abolished.......................     3,487     100.0     52.9       32.6        14.5   
                                                                                                         
            Occupation of lost job (2)                                                                   
                                                                                                         
 Management, professional, and related occupations     3,962     100.0     59.6       29.9        10.5   
   Management, business, and financial operations                                                        
   occupations....................................     1,997     100.0     58.6       30.8        10.6   
   Professional and related occupations...........     1,964     100.0     60.7       28.9        10.4   
 Service occupations..............................     1,747     100.0     49.0       35.1        16.0   
 Sales and office occupations.....................     3,818     100.0     46.2       35.9        17.9   
   Sales and related occupations..................     1,688     100.0     50.4       30.9        18.8   
   Office and administrative support occupations..     2,130     100.0     42.9       39.8        17.2   
 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance                                                        
   occupations....................................     2,498     100.0     47.5       39.7        12.7   
   Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.....        86     100.0     45.0       38.1        16.8   
   Construction and extraction occupations........     1,766     100.0     47.5       40.6        12.0   
   Installation, maintenance, and repair                                                                 
   occupations....................................       646     100.0     48.0       37.7        14.3   
 Production, transportation, and material moving                                                         
   occupations....................................     2,908     100.0     40.3       42.7        17.0   
   Production occupations.........................     1,668     100.0     40.1       43.2        16.8   
   Transportation and material moving occupations      1,240     100.0     40.7       42.0        17.3   
                                                                                                         
   Industry and class of worker of lost job (2)                                                          
                                                                                                         
Agriculture and related industries wage and salary                                                       
   workers........................................        99     100.0     44.4       41.9        13.7   
Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers    14,806     100.0     49.2       36.2        14.5   
                                                                                                         
  Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers     14,256     100.0     49.2       36.3        14.4   
        Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas                                                               
   extraction.....................................       140     100.0     60.5       32.0         7.5   
        Construction..............................     2,066     100.0     48.4       39.5        12.1   
        Manufacturing.............................     2,829     100.0     42.2       43.3        14.5   
             Durable goods........................     2,016     100.0     38.9       47.2        13.9   
             Nondurable goods.....................       814     100.0     50.4       33.5        16.1   
        Wholesale and retail trade................     2,263     100.0     46.9       34.8        18.3   
        Transportation and utilities..............       691     100.0     46.2       39.2        14.6   
        Information...............................       379     100.0     43.4       39.8        16.8   
        Financial activities......................     1,112     100.0     55.1       30.5        14.4   
        Professional and business services........     2,034     100.0     53.6       33.7        12.6   
        Education and health services.............     1,156     100.0     58.2       27.7        14.1   
        Leisure and hospitality...................     1,098     100.0     51.0       35.3        13.7   
        Other services............................       480     100.0     53.8       30.3        15.9   
                                                                                                         
  Government wage and salary workers..............       550     100.0     49.5       33.4        17.1   

   1 Data refer to all persons (regardless of years of tenure on lost job) who had lost or left a job
between January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work,
or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.
   2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report occupation,
industry, or class of worker.
   NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum
to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic
or Latino may be of any race.




Last Modified Date: August 26, 2010