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For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, August 26, 2014 USDL-14-1605 Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov WORKER DISPLACEMENT: 2011-2013 From January 2011 through December 2013, 4.3 million workers were displaced from jobs they had held for at least 3 years, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This was down from 6.1 million workers for the prior survey period covering January 2009 to December 2011. In January 2014, 61 percent of workers displaced from 2011 to 2013 were reemployed, up by 5 percentage points from the prior survey in January 2012. Since 1984, the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor has sponsored surveys that collect information on workers who were displaced from their jobs. These surveys have been conducted biennially as supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly survey of households that is the primary source of information on the nation's labor force. Displaced workers are defined as persons 20 years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient work for them to do, or their position or shift was abolished. The period covered in this study was 2011-13, the 3 calendar years prior to the January 2014 survey date. Most of this period was characterized by employment growth. The following analysis focuses primarily on the 4.3 million persons who had worked for their employer for 3 or more years at the time of displacement (referred to as long- tenured). An additional 5.2 million persons were displaced from jobs they had held for less than 3 years (referred to as short-tenured). Combining the short- and long-tenured groups, the number of displaced workers totaled 9.5 million from 2011 to 2013. In the prior survey, which was conducted in January 2012 and covered 2009-11, this group numbered 12.9 million. Highlights from the January 2014 survey include: --In January 2014, 61 percent of the 4.3 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed, up from 56 percent in January 2012 and 49 percent in January 2010. (See table 1.) --Thirty-five percent of long-tenured displaced workers from the 2011-13 period cited that they lost their job because their plant or company closed down or moved; an additional 33 percent cited insufficient work, and 32 percent said their position or shift was abolished. (See table 2.) --Eighteen percent of long-tenured displaced workers lost a job in manufacturing. (See table 4.) --Among long-tenured workers who were displaced from full-time wage and salary jobs and were reemployed in such jobs in January 2014, 52 percent had earnings that were as much or greater than those of their lost job, up from 46 percent in the prior survey. (See table 7.) Characteristics of the Displaced Sixty-one percent of the 4.3 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed at the time of the survey in January 2014, up from 56 percent for the January 2012 survey. The proportion unemployed at the time of the most recent survey was 21 percent, down from 27 percent in the January 2012 survey and from 36 percent in the January 2010 survey. Eighteen percent of long-tenured displaced workers were not in the labor force in January 2014, about unchanged from the previous survey. (See table 1.) In January 2014, the reemployment rate was 68 percent for workers ages 25 to 54. Reemployment rates were lower for older workers. The rates for those ages 55 to 64 and 65 years and over were 53 percent and 23 percent, respectively. Among those age 65 and over, 64 percent were no longer in the labor force when surveyed, up from 49 percent in the prior survey. Among long-tenured displaced workers, men had a higher reemployment rate (64 percent) in January 2014 than women (58 percent). The reemployment rate for men increased by 3 percentage points from the prior survey, and the rate for women rose by 8 percentage points. Displaced men and women were about equally likely to be unemployed at the time of the survey in January 2014--22 percent and 20 percent, respectively. The share of displaced men who had left the labor force, at 14 percent, continued to be lower than that for women--22 percent. In January 2014, the reemployment rates for long-tenured displaced Hispanics (65 percent), whites (62 percent), and blacks (55 percent) were higher than in January 2012. The reemployment rate for Asians, at 59 percent, changed little from the prior survey. Reason for Job Loss and Receipt of Advance Notice Of the 4.3 million long-tenured workers displaced during the January 2011 through December 2013 period, 35 percent lost or left their jobs due to plant or company closings or moves, 33 percent were displaced due to insufficient work, and 32 percent were displaced because their position or shift was abolished. (See table 2.) Forty percent of long-tenured displaced workers in the January 2014 survey received written advance notice that their jobs would be terminated, about the same proportion as in the January 2012 survey. Workers who lost jobs during the 2011-13 period due to plant or company closings or moves continued to be most likely to receive written advance notice. Of this group, 57 percent received such notice. In contrast, 35 percent of workers who were displaced because their position or shift was abolished and 28 percent of those who lost jobs due to insufficient work were notified in advance. For each of these groups, reemployment rates were not statistically different for those who received written advanced notice and those who did not. (See table 3.) Industry and Occupation During the 2011-13 period, 765,000 long-tenured manufacturing workers were displaced from their jobs--18 percent of all long-tenured displaced workers. Manufacturing displacements occurred mostly in the durable goods component (462,000). Workers in wholesale and retail trade and in professional and business services each accounted for 14 percent of all long-tenured displaced. (See table 4.) Among the major industry groups, reemployment rates were higher than the overall reemployment rate for displaced workers (61 percent) for the following: transportation and utilities (69 percent), leisure and hospitality (69 percent), construction (68 percent), and information (67 percent). Workers displaced from wholesale and retail trade and from other services were the least likely to be reemployed (58 percent each). (Workers were not necessarily reemployed in the same industries from which they were displaced.) Reemployment rates differed by major occupation, but were highest for those displaced from management, professional, and related occupations (67 percent) and from natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations (66 percent). The rates were lower for those displaced from sales and office occupations (56 percent) and production, transportation, and material moving occupations (54 percent). Compared with the January 2012 survey, reemployment rates were higher in January 2014 for displaced workers from management, professional, and related occupations; service occupations; and sales and office occupations. Reemployment rates for workers displaced from the two other major occupational groups were similar across the 2014 and 2012 surveys. (See table 5.) Geographic Divisions The number of long-tenured workers displaced during the 2011-13 period declined from the 2009-11 period in all geographic divisions of the United States. In January 2014, reemployment rates ranged from 74 percent for the New England division to 53 percent for the Middle Atlantic division. (See table 6.) Earnings Of the 2.2 million displaced workers who lost full-time wage and salary jobs during the 2011-13 period and were reemployed, 1.8 million had full-time wage and salary jobs in January 2014. Of these reemployed full-time workers who reported earnings on their lost job, the proportion that were earning as much or more than they did at their lost job was 52 percent in January 2014, up from 46 percent in January 2012. The proportion who reported earnings losses of 20 percent or more fell to 27 percent in January 2014. (See table 7.) Total Displaced Workers (With No Tenure Restriction) The total number of workers displaced between January 2011 and December 2013 (regardless of how long they had held their jobs) was 9.5 million, down by 3.3 million from the 2009-11 survey period. Of the total number of workers who lost jobs over the 2011-13 period, 61 percent were reemployed, up from 57 percent in the prior survey. The proportion unemployed fell by 4 percentage points to 24 percent in January 2014. (See table 8.)
Technical Note The data presented in this release were collected through a supplement to the January 2014 Current Population Survey (CPS), the monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible households that provides basic data on employment and unemployment for the nation. The CPS is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The purpose of this supplement was to obtain information on the number and characteristics of persons who had been displaced (as defined below) from their jobs over the prior 3 calendar years. The collection of these data is sponsored by the Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration. Additional information, reports, and archived news releases, including the Worker Displacement 2009-2011 news release, are available online at www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#displaced. Data presented in this release are based on Census 2010 population con- trols that are updated annually in January. For additional information, see "Population control adjustments to the CPS" available on the Internet at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired in- dividuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they re- present. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the popula- tion, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inabil- ity or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. Information about the reliability of data from the CPS and guidance on estimating standard errors is available at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. Concepts and questions Displaced workers are wage and salary workers 20 years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their plant or company closed or moved, there was in- sufficient work for them to do, or their position or shift was abolished. Data are often presented for long-tenured displaced workers--those who had worked for their employer for 3 or more years at the time of displacement. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The group includes employees in both the private and public sectors but excludes all self-employed persons, both those with incor- porated businesses as well as those with unincorporated businesses. Data discussed in this release on displaced workers were obtained from the following questions: (This question was asked of all persons 20 years and over.) During the last 3 calendar years, that is, January 2011 through December 2013, did (you/name) lose a job or leave one because: (your/his/her) plant or company closed or moved, (your/his/her) position or shift was abolished, insufficient work, or another similar reason? (If the respondent answered "yes" to the above question on job loss, the following question was then asked.) Which of these specific reasons describes why (name/you) (is/are) no longer working at that job? Plant or company closed down or moved Plant or company operating but lost or left job because of: Insufficient work Position or shift abolished Seasonal job completed Self-operated business failed Some other reason Respondents who provided one of the first three reasons--plant or company closed or moved, insufficient work, or position or shift abolished--were clas- sified as displaced and asked additional questions about the lost job, including how many years they had worked for their employer; the year the job was lost; the earnings, industry, and occupation of the lost job; and whether health insur- ance had been provided. Other questions were asked to determine what occurred before and after the job loss, such as: Was the respondent notified of the up- coming dismissal? How long did he/she go without work? Did he/she receive un- employment benefits? And, if so, were the benefits used up? Did the person move to another location after the job loss to take or look for another job? Informa- tion also was collected about current health insurance coverage (other than Medi- care and Medicaid) and current earnings for those employed at the time of the survey.
Table 1. Long-tenured displaced workers (1) by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and employment status in January 2014 (Numbers in thousands) Percent distribution by employment status Age, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity Total Total Employed Unemployed Not in the labor force TOTAL Total, 20 years and over....... 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9 20 to 24 years..................... 91 100.0 58.7 24.6 16.7 25 to 54 years..................... 2,897 100.0 68.2 20.2 11.6 55 to 64 years..................... 1,004 100.0 53.2 24.3 22.5 65 years and over.................. 301 100.0 22.5 13.7 63.7 Men Total, 20 years and over....... 2,390 100.0 64.1 21.6 14.3 20 to 24 years..................... 42 100.0 (2) (2) (2) 25 to 54 years..................... 1,659 100.0 69.8 21.5 8.7 55 to 64 years..................... 525 100.0 57.6 26.2 16.3 65 years and over.................. 164 100.0 23.9 8.5 67.6 Women Total, 20 years and over....... 1,902 100.0 57.7 19.9 22.4 20 to 24 years..................... 49 100.0 (2) (2) (2) 25 to 54 years..................... 1,237 100.0 66.0 18.6 15.4 55 to 64 years..................... 479 100.0 48.4 22.3 29.3 65 years and over.................. 137 100.0 20.9 20.0 59.1 White Total, 20 years and over....... 3,499 100.0 62.2 20.1 17.6 Men................................ 1,966 100.0 64.4 21.5 14.1 Women.............................. 1,533 100.0 59.4 18.5 22.1 Black or African American Total, 20 years and over....... 465 100.0 54.6 30.6 14.8 Men................................ 209 100.0 63.0 26.7 10.3 Women.............................. 256 100.0 47.7 33.7 18.5 Asian Total, 20 years and over....... 192 100.0 58.7 15.1 26.2 Men................................ 120 100.0 61.9 18.7 19.5 Women.............................. 71 100.0 (2) (2) (2) Hispanic or Latino ethnicity Total, 20 years and over....... 685 100.0 64.5 20.7 14.8 Men................................ 413 100.0 70.8 20.6 8.6 Women.............................. 273 100.0 54.9 20.9 24.2 1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Table 2. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and reason for job loss, January 2014 (Numbers in thousands) Percent distribution by reason for job loss Age, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity Total Plant or Position or Total company Insufficient shift closed down work abolished or moved TOTAL Total, 20 years and over................ 4,292 100.0 35.3 32.6 32.1 20 to 24 years.............................. 91 100.0 45.6 33.1 21.3 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,897 100.0 35.1 34.6 30.3 55 to 64 years.............................. 1,004 100.0 34.2 28.8 37.0 65 years and over........................... 301 100.0 37.1 25.8 37.1 Men Total, 20 years and over................ 2,390 100.0 35.0 37.8 27.2 20 to 24 years.............................. 42 100.0 (2) (2) (2) 25 to 54 years.............................. 1,659 100.0 35.4 39.7 24.9 55 to 64 years.............................. 525 100.0 34.5 31.0 34.5 65 years and over........................... 164 100.0 32.8 39.0 28.3 Women Total, 20 years and over................ 1,902 100.0 35.5 26.1 38.4 20 to 24 years.............................. 49 100.0 (2) (2) (2) 25 to 54 years.............................. 1,237 100.0 34.7 27.8 37.5 55 to 64 years.............................. 479 100.0 33.8 26.4 39.8 65 years and over........................... 137 100.0 42.2 10.1 47.7 White Total, 20 years and over................ 3,499 100.0 35.4 31.1 33.6 Men......................................... 1,966 100.0 36.0 36.3 27.8 Women....................................... 1,533 100.0 34.6 24.4 41.0 Black or African American Total, 20 years and over................ 465 100.0 40.1 38.0 21.8 Men......................................... 209 100.0 41.9 41.7 16.4 Women....................................... 256 100.0 38.7 35.0 26.3 Asian Total, 20 years and over................ 192 100.0 36.2 28.4 35.4 Men......................................... 120 100.0 28.0 39.5 32.5 Women....................................... 71 100.0 (2) (2) (2) Hispanic or Latino ethnicity Total, 20 years and over................ 685 100.0 41.5 40.0 18.4 Men......................................... 413 100.0 46.8 39.6 13.6 Women....................................... 273 100.0 33.7 40.6 25.7 1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Table 3. Long-tenured displaced workers (1) by whether they received written advance notice, reason for job loss, and employment status in January 2014 (Numbers in thousands) Percent distribution by employment status Characteristic Total Total Employed Unemployed Not in the labor force TOTAL Total, 20 years and over (2)......................... 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9 Received written advance notice.......................... 1,725 100.0 64.1 18.9 17.0 Did not receive written advance notice................... 2,492 100.0 59.3 22.0 18.7 Plant or company closed down or moved Total, 20 years and over (2)......................... 1,513 100.0 62.3 19.3 18.4 Received written advance notice.......................... 857 100.0 63.5 19.3 17.2 Did not receive written advance notice................... 625 100.0 61.1 18.9 20.0 Insufficient work Total, 20 years and over (2)......................... 1,399 100.0 60.0 23.2 16.8 Received written advance notice.......................... 387 100.0 64.3 19.4 16.3 Did not receive written advance notice................... 983 100.0 58.0 24.9 17.1 Position or shift abolished Total, 20 years and over (2)......................... 1,380 100.0 61.5 20.1 18.5 Received written advance notice.......................... 482 100.0 65.0 17.8 17.2 Did not receive written advance notice................... 883 100.0 59.6 21.0 19.5 1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Includes a small number who did not report information on advance notice.
Table 4. Long-tenured displaced workers (1) by industry and class of worker of lost job and employment status in January 2014 (Numbers in thousands) Percent distribution by employment status Industry and class of worker of lost job Total Total Employed Unemployed Not in the labor force Total, 20 years and over (2)........................ 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9 Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers............................................... 38 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers....... 4,162 100.0 61.9 20.6 17.5 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers........ 3,906 100.0 61.8 20.7 17.5 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.... 62 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Construction..................................... 393 100.0 68.4 16.3 15.3 Manufacturing.................................... 765 100.0 59.3 22.5 18.2 Durable goods manufacturing ................ 462 100.0 63.5 22.1 14.3 Primary metals and fabricated metal products............................... 59 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Machinery manufacturing................. 67 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Computers and electronic products....... 91 100.0 66.6 20.1 13.2 Electrical equipment and appliances..... 27 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Transportation equipment................ 99 100.0 63.6 9.5 26.9 Miscellaneous manufacturing............. 47 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Other durable goods industries.......... 72 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Nondurable goods manufacturing ............. 304 100.0 52.7 23.1 24.2 Food manufacturing...................... 82 100.0 39.4 39.0 21.6 Textiles, apparel, and leather.......... 44 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Paper and printing...................... 53 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Other nondurable goods industries....... 124 100.0 61.4 14.2 24.5 Wholesale and retail trade....................... 593 100.0 57.6 22.8 19.7 Wholesale trade............................. 146 100.0 55.3 34.8 9.9 Retail trade................................ 446 100.0 58.3 18.8 22.9 Transportation and utilities (4)................. 147 100.0 69.4 19.9 10.7 Transportation and warehousing.............. 119 100.0 66.5 23.4 10.1 Information (4).................................. 137 100.0 66.6 19.7 13.7 Telecommunications.......................... 39 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Financial activities............................. 289 100.0 61.0 18.7 20.2 Finance and insurance....................... 234 100.0 64.1 19.6 16.3 Finance................................. 148 100.0 60.1 22.2 17.7 Insurance............................... 87 100.0 70.9 15.1 14.0 Real estate and rental and leasing.......... 55 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Professional and business services............... 580 100.0 60.0 19.9 20.1 Professional and technical services......... 389 100.0 60.8 21.3 17.9 Management, administrative, and waste services................................... 190 100.0 58.3 17.0 24.8 Education and health services.................... 482 100.0 59.9 24.7 15.4 Educational services........................ 95 100.0 72.5 9.1 18.4 Health care and social assistance (4)....... 387 100.0 56.8 28.5 14.7 Hospitals............................... 106 100.0 52.8 32.0 15.2 Health services, except hospitals....... 225 100.0 57.3 26.0 16.7 Leisure and hospitality (4)...................... 304 100.0 69.4 17.5 13.2 Accommodation and food services (4)......... 237 100.0 71.2 16.0 12.8 Food services and drinking places....... 219 100.0 72.1 15.9 12.0 Other services................................... 146 100.0 57.7 19.6 22.7 Government wage and salary workers..................... 257 100.0 63.5 19.2 17.3 1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report industry or class of worker, not shown separately. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 4 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Table 5. Long-tenured displaced workers (1) by occupation of lost job and employment status in January 2014 (Numbers in thousands) Percent distribution by employment status Occupation of lost job Total Total Employed Unemployed Not in the labor force Total, 20 years and over (2)................. 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9 Management, professional, and related occupations 1,449 100.0 66.6 16.9 16.5 Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................... 669 100.0 66.2 17.9 15.9 Professional and related occupations........... 781 100.0 66.9 16.0 17.0 Service occupations.............................. 521 100.0 63.8 21.4 14.8 Sales and office occupations..................... 1,055 100.0 56.1 24.7 19.1 Sales and related occupations.................. 408 100.0 60.4 19.7 19.9 Office and administrative support occupations.. 647 100.0 53.4 27.9 18.7 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................................... 499 100.0 65.6 19.1 15.3 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..... 27 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Construction and extraction occupations........ 321 100.0 66.1 17.4 16.5 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.................................... 151 100.0 68.2 23.6 8.2 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations.................................... 685 100.0 53.9 22.5 23.6 Production occupations......................... 440 100.0 54.0 24.9 21.1 Transportation and material moving occupations 245 100.0 53.8 18.1 28.1 1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number who did not report occupation. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: Beginning with displacement data for January 2012, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey. This classification system is derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2012 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.
Table 6. Long-tenured displaced workers (1) by selected characteristics and area of residence in January 2014 (In thousands) New Middle East West South East West Characteristic Total England Atlant- North North Atlant- South South Mountain Pacific ic Central Central ic Central Central Workers who lost jobs Total, 20 years and over........ 4,292 221 681 668 296 737 206 418 258 807 Men................................. 2,390 122 349 368 130 444 122 236 158 462 Women............................... 1,902 99 332 300 165 294 85 182 100 345 Reason for job loss Plant or company closed down or moved............................ 1,513 68 212 234 114 270 85 147 106 277 Insufficient work................... 1,399 83 218 208 46 256 83 146 72 289 Position or shift abolished......... 1,380 70 251 226 136 212 39 125 80 241 Industry and class of worker of lost job (2) Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers.......... 38 2 - 9 2 2 10 - 3 10 Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers................... 4,162 216 661 653 293 719 197 410 250 764 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers................... 3,906 206 615 617 272 672 193 389 237 705 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction......... 62 - - 3 - 9 13 31 4 2 Construction................ 393 24 32 54 27 79 26 37 27 88 Manufacturing............... 765 42 91 142 49 134 28 98 26 155 Durable goods.......... 462 25 23 99 25 84 19 65 15 105 Nondurable goods....... 304 17 68 42 24 50 9 33 11 50 Wholesale and retail trade.. 593 26 93 95 44 102 38 44 43 107 Transportation and utilities 147 9 15 19 6 49 11 24 3 14 Information................. 137 5 28 28 9 26 4 4 11 21 Financial activities........ 289 16 41 51 35 45 11 11 19 60 Professional and business services................... 580 27 122 73 30 96 22 48 51 111 Education and health services................... 482 23 104 93 40 76 18 44 18 67 Leisure and hospitality..... 304 31 73 38 19 32 11 30 22 49 Other services.............. 146 4 17 21 12 21 10 20 12 31 Government wage and salary workers 257 10 47 36 21 46 4 21 13 59 Employment status in January 2014 Employed............................ 2,630 163 358 416 205 489 122 249 167 460 Unemployed.......................... 894 32 178 152 57 113 59 99 49 155 Not in the labor force.............. 768 26 145 99 34 135 25 70 42 191 1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report industry or class of worker, not shown separately. NOTE: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont compose the New England Division; New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania compose the Middle Atlantic Division; Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin compose the East North Central Division; Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota compose the West North Central Division; Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia compose the South Atlantic Division; Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee compose the East South Central Division; Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas compose the West South Central Division; Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming compose the Mountain Division; Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington compose the Pacific Division. Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 7. Long-tenured displaced workers(1) who lost full-time wage and salary jobs and were reemployed in January 2014 by industry of lost job and characteristics of new job (In thousands) Reemployed in January 2014 Wage and salary workers Full time Self- Industry and class of worker of lost job employed Total Earnings relative to those of lost job and Part unpaid time family Total 20 Below, Equal or 20 workers (2) percent but above, percent or more within 20 but or more below percent within 20 above percent Total who lost full-time wage and salary jobs (3)............................... 2,220 259 1,783 392 299 468 294 178 Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers........................... 8 2 6 - 2 1 - - Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers.................................. 2,185 254 1,753 392 292 464 288 178 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers.................................. 2,077 236 1,673 367 278 453 268 167 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction......................... 43 - 36 10 2 11 9 6 Construction........................ 244 14 205 56 19 55 44 24 Manufacturing....................... 418 36 356 82 78 70 49 26 Durable goods.................. 279 25 240 44 62 51 35 13 Nondurable goods............... 139 10 116 37 16 19 13 13 Wholesale and retail trade.......... 258 28 200 52 35 49 28 30 Transportation and utilities........ 99 5 86 32 12 12 11 8 Information......................... 87 17 65 8 5 27 9 4 Financial activities................ 164 5 141 32 40 35 18 18 Professional and business services.. 324 44 263 45 32 91 44 17 Education and health services....... 236 44 173 23 32 59 38 19 Leisure and hospitality............. 139 34 98 26 8 26 17 8 Other services...................... 65 7 51 2 15 18 2 6 Government wage and salary workers........ 108 18 79 25 15 11 20 10 1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Includes about 330,000 persons who did not report earnings on lost job. 3 Includes a small number who did not report industry. NOTE: Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 8. Total displaced workers (1) by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2014 (Numbers in thousands) Percent distribution by employment status Characteristic Total Total Employed Unemployed Not in the labor force Workers who lost jobs Total, 20 years and over...................... 9,529 100.0 60.8 23.5 15.7 20 to 24 years.................................... 912 100.0 58.5 30.3 11.1 25 to 54 years.................................... 6,661 100.0 65.7 22.1 12.2 55 to 64 years.................................... 1,530 100.0 50.1 27.2 22.7 65 years and over................................. 426 100.0 27.1 18.2 54.7 Men, 20 years and over........................ 5,496 100.0 62.8 25.0 12.2 20 to 24 years.................................... 548 100.0 59.3 33.1 7.6 25 to 54 years.................................... 3,862 100.0 67.4 23.6 9.0 55 to 64 years.................................... 831 100.0 53.1 29.5 17.4 65 years and over................................. 255 100.0 32.9 13.4 53.7 Women, 20 years and over...................... 4,033 100.0 58.1 21.6 20.3 20 to 24 years.................................... 364 100.0 57.3 26.2 16.5 25 to 54 years.................................... 2,798 100.0 63.5 20.1 16.5 55 to 64 years.................................... 699 100.0 46.6 24.5 29.0 65 years and over................................. 171 100.0 18.6 25.2 56.2 White............................................. 7,483 100.0 62.2 21.9 15.9 Black or African American......................... 1,260 100.0 53.9 34.2 12.0 Asian............................................. 425 100.0 56.6 22.4 21.0 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity...................... 1,768 100.0 62.0 24.2 13.8 Reason for job loss Plant or company closed down or moved............. 2,845 100.0 63.4 20.6 16.0 Insufficient work................................. 4,169 100.0 58.0 26.5 15.5 Position or shift abolished....................... 2,515 100.0 62.4 22.0 15.6 Occupation of lost job (2) Management, professional, and related occupations 2,706 100.0 69.6 17.2 13.2 Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................... 1,265 100.0 67.6 19.2 13.3 Professional and related occupations........... 1,441 100.0 71.4 15.5 13.1 Service occupations.............................. 1,339 100.0 60.4 22.4 17.2 Sales and office occupations..................... 2,366 100.0 56.0 27.7 16.3 Sales and related occupations.................. 1,047 100.0 58.4 25.7 15.9 Office and administrative support occupations.. 1,319 100.0 54.1 29.4 16.6 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................................... 1,250 100.0 62.6 23.8 13.6 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..... 74 100.0 (3) (3) (3) Construction and extraction occupations........ 872 100.0 63.1 23.0 13.9 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.................................... 304 100.0 62.5 28.2 9.3 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations.................................... 1,487 100.0 55.2 27.3 17.5 Production occupations......................... 830 100.0 55.0 27.2 17.8 Transportation and material moving occupations 656 100.0 55.4 27.4 17.2 Industry and class of worker of lost job (2) Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers........................................ 87 100.0 51.8 23.4 24.8 Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers 9,043 100.0 61.7 23.1 15.2 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers 8,540 100.0 61.5 23.3 15.2 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction............................... 127 100.0 59.5 25.4 15.1 Construction.............................. 1,034 100.0 63.3 22.1 14.7 Manufacturing............................. 1,364 100.0 61.9 23.3 14.7 Durable goods........................ 872 100.0 64.2 22.3 13.5 Nondurable goods..................... 492 100.0 57.8 25.2 17.0 Wholesale and retail trade................ 1,309 100.0 57.6 27.5 14.8 Transportation and utilities.............. 377 100.0 66.9 19.0 14.1 Information............................... 249 100.0 66.8 23.2 9.9 Financial activities...................... 617 100.0 62.1 21.2 16.6 Professional and business services........ 1,249 100.0 59.4 24.4 16.2 Education and health services............. 1,017 100.0 63.0 22.2 14.7 Leisure and hospitality................... 858 100.0 64.5 20.0 15.5 Other services............................ 332 100.0 52.9 27.1 20.0 Government wage and salary workers.............. 503 100.0 65.1 20.1 14.8 1 Data refer to all persons (regardless of years of tenure on lost job) who had lost or left a job between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report occupation, industry, or class of worker, not shown separately. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Beginning with displacement data for January 2012, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey. This classification system is derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2012 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.