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Economic News Release
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Employment Characteristics of Families News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 25, 2014                           USDL-14-0658
Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov


                          EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILIES -- 2013


In 2013, 9.6 percent of families included an unemployed person, down from 10.5 percent
in 2012, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Of the nation's 80.4
million families, 80.0 percent had at least one employed member in 2013.

These data on employment, unemployment, and family relationships are collected as part
of the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly sample survey of approximately 60,000
households. Data in this release are annual averages. Families are classified either
as married-couple families or as families maintained by women or men without spouses
present. Unless otherwise noted, families include those without children as well as
those with children under age 18. For further information, see the Technical Note.

Families and Unemployment

The number of families with at least one member unemployed decreased to 7.7 million in
2013 from 8.4 million in 2012. The proportion of families with an unemployed member
decreased to 9.6 percent in 2013. Black and Hispanic families remained more likely to
have an unemployed member in 2013 (16.0 percent and 12.9 percent, respectively) than
white and Asian families (8.5 percent and 7.8 percent, respectively). (See table 1.)

Two-thirds (67.6 percent) of families with an unemployed member in 2013 also had at
least one family member who was employed, essentially unchanged from 2012. Among
families with an unemployed family member, 4.5 million, or 58.0 percent, also had at
least one family member who was employed full time. (See table 1.)

Among married-couple families with an unemployed member, the proportion of families with
at least one employed family member was 79.4 percent in 2013, down from 80.2 percent in
2012. Among families maintained by men (no spouse present) with an unemployed member,
56.4 percent had an employed member in 2013; for families maintained by women (no spouse
present), the proportion was 47.4 percent. Both proportions increased from 2012. (See
table 3.)

Families and Employment

The share of families with an employed member was unchanged at 80.0 percent in 2013. The
likelihood of having an employed family member rose in 2013 for Asian families (to 88.8
percent) and for Hispanic families (to 85.1 percent). The likelihood for white and black
families showed little or no change (80.1 percent and 75.7 percent, respectively).
(See table 1.)

In 2013, families maintained by women with no spouse present remained less likely to have
an employed member (73.3 percent) than married-couple families (81.5 percent) or families
maintained by men with no spouse present (81.7 percent). Both the husband and wife were
employed in 47.4 percent of married-couple families in 2013. The husband was the only
worker in 20.1 percent of married-couple families, and the wife was the only worker in
7.8 percent of these families. (See table 2.)

Families with Children

In 2013, about 43 percent of all families included children (sons, daughters, step-
children, or adopted children) under age 18. Among the 34.4 million families with
children, 88.2 percent had at least one employed parent in 2013. The mother was
employed in 68.2 percent of families maintained by women with no spouse present in
2013, and the father was employed in 81.2 percent of families maintained by men with
no spouse present. Among married-couple families with children, 96.3 percent had at
least one employed parent in 2013. The share of married-couple families with children
where both parents worked was 59.1 percent. (See table 4.)

Mothers

The labor force participation rate--the percent of the population working or looking
for work--for all mothers with children under age 18 was 69.9 percent in 2013. The
participation rate for married mothers with a spouse present (67.8 percent) remained
lower in 2013 than the rate for mothers with other marital statuses (74.2 percent).
(Other marital status refers to persons who never married or are widowed, divorced,
separated, or married but living apart from their spouse.) Married mothers were about
as likely to be employed as mothers with other marital statuses, with employment-
population ratios of 64.5 percent and 65.3 percent, respectively. However, the
unemployment rate of married mothers was substantially lower--4.8 percent, compared
with 12.0 percent for mothers with other marital statuses. (See table 5.)

Mothers with younger children are less likely to be in the labor force than mothers
with older children. In 2013, the labor force participation rate of mothers with
children under 6 years old (63.9 percent) was lower than the rate of those whose
youngest child was 6 to 17 years old (74.7 percent). The participation rate of
mothers with infants under a year old was 57.3 percent. Among mothers with infants,
there was essentially no difference in the participation rate of married mothers
(57.5 percent) and those with other marital statuses (56.7 percent). However, the
unemployment rate for married mothers of infants, at 4.8 percent, was considerably
lower than the rate for mothers with other marital statuses, at 19.0 percent. (See
tables 5 and 6.)

 _____________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                     |
|                Changes to estimation methodology for tables 5 and 6                 |
|                                                                                     |
| Estimates in tables 5 and 6 of this release have been created using a different     |
| estimation methodology than was used in past versions of this annual release.       |
| This new methodology results in higher estimates of mothers and fathers. It was     |
| implemented to provide more accurate counts of the number of people with children,  |
| particularly among those classified in the category "other marital status." Because |
| of this change, the estimates in tables 5 and 6 of this release are not strictly    |
| comparable with data for previous years. The change also was applied to data for    |
| 2012 in tables 5 and 6; therefore, 2012 estimates presented in these tables do not  |
| match those published in the "Employment Characteristics of Families--2012" news    |
| release.                                                                            |
|_____________________________________________________________________________________|




Technical Note

   The estimates in this release are based on annual average data from the Current
Population Survey (CPS). The CPS, which is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for
the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), is a monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible
households that provides information on the labor force status, demographics, and
other characteristics of the nation's civilian noninstitutional population age 16
and over.

   The data presented in this release are not strictly comparable with data for
earlier years due to the introduction of updated population estimates, or controls,
used in the CPS. The population controls are updated each year in January to reflect
the latest information about population change. Additional information is available from
the BLS website at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
upon request: Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When
a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the
sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and
this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a
90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of
sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of
confidence.

   The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for
many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability
to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   Information about the reliability of data from the CPS and guidance on estimating standard
errors is available at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability.

Definitions

   Definitions of the principal terms used in this release are presented below.

   Family. A family is a group of two or more persons residing together who are related
by birth, marriage, or adoption. The count of families is for "primary" families only,
that is, the householder and all other persons related to and residing with the householder.
Families are classified either as married-couple families or as families maintained by
women or men without spouses. Families include those without children as well as those with
children under 18.

   Householder. The householder is the family reference person. This is the person (or one
of the persons) in whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. The relationship of other
individuals in the household is defined in terms of relationship to the householder. The
race or ethnicity of the family is determined by that of the householder. 

   Married, spouse present; other marital status. These terms denote the marital status of
individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, refers to husbands and wives
living together in the same household, even though one may be temporarily absent on business,
on vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, or for other reasons. Other marital status includes
persons who are never-married; married, spouse absent; separated; widowed; or divorced. 
Separated includes persons with legal separations, those living apart with intentions of 
obtaining a divorce, and other people permanently or temporarily separated because of marital
discord. Married, spouse absent, includes married people living apart because either the 
husband or wife was employed and living at a considerable distance from home, was serving 
away from home in the Armed Forces, had moved to another area, or had a different place of
residence for any other reason except separation as defined above.

   Children. Data on children refer to own children under age 18 that live in the household.
Included are sons, daughters, step-children, and adopted children of the husband, wife, or
person maintaining the family. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, other related
children, and all unrelated children living in the household.

   Employed. Employed persons are all those who, during the survey reference week, (a) did
any work at all as paid employees; (b) worked in their own business, profession, or on
their own farm; (c) or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated
by a member of the family. Persons who were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness,
vacation, labor disputes, or another reason also are counted as employed.

   Unemployed. The unemployed are persons who had no employment during the reference week,
were available for work at that time, and had made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons who were waiting
to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not be looking for work to
be classified as unemployed.

   Civilian labor force. The civilian labor force comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed.

   Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the
 civilian labor force.

   Labor force participation rate. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as
a percent of the population.

   Employment-population ratio. The employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent
of the population.




Table 1. Employment and unemployment in families by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2012-2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic 2012 2013

EMPLOYMENT IN FAMILIES

Total families

80,141 80,445

With at least one family member employed

64,091 64,318

As a percent of total families

80.0 80.0

With at least one family member employed full time(1)

58,007 58,113

With no family member employed

16,050 16,127

As a percent of total families

20.0 20.0

White

Total families

64,246 64,294

With at least one family member employed

51,491 51,471

As a percent of total families

80.1 80.1

With at least one family member employed full time(1)

46,710 46,636

With no family member employed

12,755 12,822

As a percent of total families

19.9 19.9

Black or African American

Total families

9,671 9,737

With at least one family member employed

7,290 7,373

As a percent of total families

75.4 75.7

With at least one family member employed full time(1)

6,419 6,451

With no family member employed

2,380 2,363

As a percent of total families

24.6 24.3

Asian

Total families

4,024 4,156

With at least one family member employed

3,546 3,692

As a percent of total families

88.1 88.8

With at least one family member employed full time(1)

3,315 3,441

With no family member employed

478 464

As a percent of total families

11.9 11.2

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total families

11,769 12,023

With at least one family member employed

9,962 10,231

As a percent of total families

84.6 85.1

With at least one family member employed full time(1)

8,978 9,242

With no family member employed

1,808 1,792

As a percent of total families

15.4 14.9

UNEMPLOYMENT IN FAMILIES

Total families

80,141 80,445

With at least one family member unemployed

8,444 7,685

As a percent of total families

10.5 9.6

Some family member(s) employed

5,702 5,192

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

67.5 67.6

Some family member(s) employed full time(1)

4,902 4,453

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

58.1 58.0

White

Total families

64,246 64,294

With at least one family member unemployed

6,133 5,471

As a percent of total families

9.5 8.5

Some family member(s) employed

4,321 3,845

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

70.5 70.3

Some family member(s) employed full time(1)

3,719 3,310

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

60.6 60.5

Black or African American

Total families

9,671 9,737

With at least one family member unemployed

1,629 1,555

As a percent of total families

16.8 16.0

Some family member(s) employed

885 880

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

54.3 56.6

Some family member employed full time(1)

752 733

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

46.1 47.1

Asian

Total families

4,024 4,156

With at least one family member unemployed

370 323

As a percent of total families

9.2 7.8

Some family member(s) employed

292 262

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

79.0 81.1

Some family member(s) employed full time(1)

259 232

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

70.1 72.0

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total families

11,769 12,023

With at least one family member unemployed

1,707 1,547

As a percent of total families

14.5 12.9

Some family member(s) employed

1,197 1,078

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

70.1 69.7

Some family member(s) employed full time(1)

1,020 919

As a percent of families with at least one family member unemployed

59.7 59.4

Footnotes
(1) Usually work 35 hours or more per week at all jobs.

NOTE: The race or ethnicity of the family is determined by that of the householder, the family reference person in whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


Table 2. Families by presence and relationship of employed members and family type, 2012-2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Number Percent distribution
2012 2013 2012 2013

MARRIED-COUPLE FAMILIES

Total

58,431 58,529 100.0 100.0

With at least one family member employed

47,830 47,722 81.9 81.5

Husband only

11,815 11,755 20.2 20.1

Wife only

4,696 4,578 8.0 7.8

Husband and wife

27,708 27,748 47.4 47.4

Other employment combinations

3,612 3,640 6.2 6.2

With no family member employed

10,601 10,807 18.1 18.5

FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY WOMEN(1)

Total

15,517 15,507 100.0 100.0

With at least one family member employed

11,236 11,360 72.4 73.3

Householder only

6,403 6,359 41.3 41.0

Householder and other member(s)

2,896 2,933 18.7 18.9

Other member(s), not householder

1,937 2,069 12.5 13.3

With no family member employed

4,281 4,147 27.6 26.7

FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY MEN(1)

Total

6,192 6,410 100.0 100.0

With at least one family member employed

5,025 5,236 81.1 81.7

Householder only

2,514 2,529 40.6 39.5

Householder and other member(s)

1,622 1,736 26.2 27.1

Other member(s), not householder

889 971 14.4 15.1

With no family member employed

1,168 1,174 18.9 18.3

Footnotes
(1) No spouse present.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


Table 3. Unemployment in families by presence and relationship of employed members and family type, 2012-2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Number Percent distribution
2012 2013 2012 2013

MARRIED-COUPLE FAMILIES

With at least one family member unemployed, total

5,140 4,586 100.0 100.0

Employment of family members

Some family member(s) employed

4,123 3,639 80.2 79.4

No family member employed

1,017 946 19.8 20.6

Unemployment of family members

Husband unemployed(1)

2,066 1,824 40.2 39.8

Wife employed

1,307 1,134 25.4 24.7

Wife unemployed, husband employed or not in labor force

1,567 1,346 30.5 29.4

Husband employed

1,328 1,129 25.8 24.6

Other family member(s) unemployed

1,507 1,416 29.3 30.9

FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY WOMEN(2)

With at least one family member unemployed, total

2,372 2,165 100.0 100.0

Employment of family members

Some family member(s) employed

1,081 1,026 45.6 47.4

No family member employed

1,290 1,139 54.4 52.6

Unemployment of family members

Householder unemployed

1,191 1,053 50.2 48.6

Other member(s) employed

250 251 10.6 11.6

Other family member(s) unemployed

1,180 1,112 49.8 51.4

FAMILIES MAINTAINED BY MEN(2)

With at least one family member unemployed, total

932 934 100.0 100.0

Employment of family members

Some family member(s) employed

497 527 53.3 56.4

No family member employed

435 408 46.7 43.6

Unemployment of family members

Householder unemployed

535 550 57.4 58.8

Other member(s) employed

209 238 22.5 25.5

Other family member(s) unemployed

397 385 42.6 41.2

Footnotes
(1) Total families with unemployed husbands, including those with unemployed wives.
(2) No spouse present.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


Table 4. Families with own children: Employment status of parents by age of youngest child and family type, 2012-2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Number Percent distribution
2012 2013 2012 2013

WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS

Total families

34,566 34,392 100.0 100.0

Parent(s) employed

30,351 30,336 87.8 88.2

No parent employed

4,215 4,056 12.2 11.8

Married-couple families

Total

23,297 23,259 100.0 100.0

Parent(s) employed

22,429 22,408 96.3 96.3

Mother employed

15,243 15,200 65.4 65.4

Both parents employed

13,739 13,746 59.0 59.1

Mother employed, not father

1,503 1,454 6.5 6.3

Father employed, not mother

7,186 7,208 30.8 31.0

Neither parent employed

868 851 3.7 3.7

Families maintained by mother(1)

Total

8,757 8,575 100.0 100.0

Mother employed

5,872 5,851 67.1 68.2

Mother not employed

2,885 2,724 32.9 31.8

Families maintained by father(1)

Total

2,512 2,558 100.0 100.0

Father employed

2,050 2,077 81.6 81.2

Father not employed

462 481 18.4 18.8

WITH OWN CHILDREN 6 TO 17 YEARS, NONE YOUNGER

Total families

19,577 19,767 100.0 100.0

Parent(s) employed

17,355 17,592 88.6 89.0

No parent employed

2,222 2,175 11.4 11.0

Married-couple families

Total

12,982 13,183 100.0 100.0

Parent(s) employed

12,471 12,676 96.1 96.2

Mother employed

9,028 9,213 69.5 69.9

Both parents employed

8,104 8,291 62.4 62.9

Mother employed, not father

924 922 7.1 7.0

Father employed, not mother

3,443 3,463 26.5 26.3

Neither parent employed

511 507 3.9 3.8

Families maintained by mother(1)

Total

5,149 5,125 100.0 100.0

Mother employed

3,711 3,727 72.1 72.7

Mother not employed

1,437 1,398 27.9 27.3

Families maintained by father(1)

Total

1,447 1,459 100.0 100.0

Father employed

1,173 1,188 81.1 81.4

Father not employed

274 271 18.9 18.6

WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS

Total families

14,989 14,625 100.0 100.0

Parent(s) employed

12,996 12,745 86.7 87.1

No parent employed

1,992 1,880 13.3 12.9

Married-couple families

Total

10,315 10,076 100.0 100.0

Parent(s) employed

9,958 9,732 96.5 96.6

Mother employed

6,215 5,987 60.3 59.4

Both parents employed

5,635 5,455 54.6 54.1

Mother employed, not father

580 532 5.6 5.3

Father employed, not mother

3,744 3,745 36.3 37.2

Neither parent employed

357 344 3.5 3.4

Families maintained by mother(1)

Total

3,609 3,450 100.0 100.0

Mother employed

2,161 2,124 59.9 61.6

Mother not employed

1,448 1,326 40.1 38.4

Families maintained by father(1)

Total

1,065 1,100 100.0 100.0

Father employed

877 889 82.4 80.9

Father not employed

188 210 17.6 19.1

Footnotes
(1) No spouse present.

NOTE: Own children include sons, daughters, step-children, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


Table 5. Employment status of the population by sex, marital status, and presence and age of own children under 18, 2012-2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic 2012 2013
Total Men Women Total Men Women

WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS

Civilian noninstitutional population

65,620 28,943 36,676 65,385 28,947 36,438

Civilian labor force

52,754 26,954 25,800 52,335 26,869 25,466

Participation rate

80.4 93.1 70.3 80.0 92.8 69.9

Employed

49,101 25,460 23,641 49,146 25,540 23,606

Full-time workers(1)

41,698 24,055 17,643 41,844 24,207 17,637

Part-time workers(2)

7,403 1,405 5,999 7,302 1,333 5,969

Employment-population ratio

74.8 88.0 64.5 75.2 88.2 64.8

Unemployed

3,653 1,494 2,159 3,189 1,329 1,860

Unemployment rate

6.9 5.5 8.4 6.1 4.9 7.3

Married, spouse present

Civilian noninstitutional population

49,595 25,013 24,582 49,595 25,035 24,560

Civilian labor force

40,277 23,481 16,796 40,096 23,447 16,650

Participation rate

81.2 93.9 68.3 80.8 93.7 67.8

Employed

38,261 22,374 15,886 38,325 22,478 15,847

Full-time workers(1)

32,961 21,277 11,684 33,196 21,436 11,759

Part-time workers(2)

5,299 1,097 4,202 5,130 1,042 4,088

Employment-population ratio

77.1 89.5 64.6 77.3 89.8 64.5

Unemployed

2,017 1,106 910 1,771 969 802

Unemployment rate

5.0 4.7 5.4 4.4 4.1 4.8

Other marital status(3)

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,025 3,930 12,095 15,789 3,912 11,878

Civilian labor force

12,477 3,473 9,004 12,238 3,422 8,817

Participation rate

77.9 88.4 74.4 77.5 87.5 74.2

Employed

10,840 3,085 7,755 10,820 3,062 7,759

Full-time workers(1)

8,736 2,777 5,959 8,648 2,771 5,878

Part-time workers(2)

2,104 308 1,796 2,172 291 1,881

Employment-population ratio

67.6 78.5 64.1 68.5 78.3 65.3

Unemployed

1,636 388 1,249 1,418 360 1,058

Unemployment rate

13.1 11.2 13.9 11.6 10.5 12.0

WITH OWN CHILDREN 6 TO 17 YEARS, NONE YOUNGER

Civilian noninstitutional population

35,786 15,777 20,009 36,218 16,007 20,212

Civilian labor force

29,573 14,545 15,028 29,815 14,714 15,101

Participation rate

82.6 92.2 75.1 82.3 91.9 74.7

Employed

27,722 13,791 13,931 28,216 14,047 14,169

Full-time workers(1)

23,783 13,074 10,709 24,181 13,361 10,819

Part-time workers(2)

3,939 717 3,222 4,035 686 3,349

Employment-population ratio

77.5 87.4 69.6 77.9 87.8 70.1

Unemployed

1,851 754 1,097 1,599 667 933

Unemployment rate

6.3 5.2 7.3 5.4 4.5 6.2

WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS

Civilian noninstitutional population

29,834 13,167 16,667 29,166 12,940 16,226

Civilian labor force

23,181 12,409 10,772 22,519 12,155 10,365

Participation rate

77.7 94.2 64.6 77.2 93.9 63.9

Employed

21,379 11,669 9,710 20,930 11,493 9,437

Full-time workers(1)

17,915 10,981 6,934 17,663 10,846 6,817

Part-time workers(2)

3,464 688 2,776 3,267 647 2,620

Employment-population ratio

71.7 88.6 58.3 71.8 88.8 58.2

Unemployed

1,802 740 1,062 1,589 662 928

Unemployment rate

7.8 6.0 9.9 7.1 5.4 8.9

WITH NO OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS

Civilian noninstitutional population

177,665 88,400 89,264 180,295 89,609 90,686

Civilian labor force

102,221 55,373 46,848 103,055 55,798 47,256

Participation rate

57.5 62.6 52.5 57.2 62.3 52.1

Employed

93,368 50,096 43,272 94,783 50,813 43,971

Full-time workers(1)

73,111 41,423 31,688 74,470 42,128 32,342

Part-time workers(2)

20,257 8,673 11,584 20,313 8,685 11,629

Employment-population ratio

52.6 56.7 48.5 52.6 56.7 48.5

Unemployed

8,853 5,277 3,575 8,271 4,986 3,285

Unemployment rate

8.7 9.5 7.6 8.0 8.9 7.0

Footnotes
(1) Usually work 35 hours or more per week at all jobs.
(2) Usually work less than 35 hours per week at all jobs.
(3) Includes never married; married, spouse absent; divorced; separated; and widowed persons.

NOTE: Own children include sons, daughters, step-children, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for 2012 and 2013 reflect improved methodology that provides more accurate estimates of the number of mothers and fathers and, as a result, are not strictly comparable with data for previous years. Data for 2012 incorporate the new methodology; therefore, 2012 estimates do not match those published in the "Employment Characteristics of Families--2012" news release.


Table 6. Employment status of mothers with own children under 3 years old by single year of age of youngest child and marital status, 2012-2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic 2012 2013
With own children under 3 years old With own children under 3 years old
Total 2 years 1 year Under 1
year
Total 2 years 1 year Under 1
year

TOTAL MOTHERS

Civilian noninstitutional population

9,540 2,922 3,393 3,224 9,211 2,877 3,266 3,069

Civilian labor force

5,839 1,890 2,119 1,830 5,626 1,875 1,995 1,757

Participation rate

61.2 64.7 62.5 56.7 61.1 65.2 61.1 57.3

Employed

5,245 1,708 1,909 1,628 5,113 1,723 1,798 1,593

Full-time workers(1)

3,690 1,215 1,314 1,161 3,615 1,240 1,251 1,124

Part-time workers(2)

1,555 493 595 467 1,497 482 547 469

Employment-population ratio

55.0 58.5 56.3 50.5 55.5 59.9 55.0 51.9

Unemployed

594 181 210 202 514 152 197 164

Unemployment rate

10.2 9.6 9.9 11.0 9.1 8.1 9.9 9.3

Married, spouse present

Civilian noninstitutional population

6,334 1,940 2,288 2,106 6,224 1,913 2,232 2,080

Civilian labor force

3,808 1,198 1,409 1,200 3,689 1,194 1,299 1,196

Participation rate

60.1 61.8 61.6 57.0 59.3 62.4 58.2 57.5

Employed

3,600 1,134 1,332 1,134 3,503 1,141 1,224 1,138

Full-time workers(1)

2,595 816 928 852 2,541 835 867 839

Part-time workers(2)

1,005 318 405 282 962 305 357 299

Employment-population ratio

56.8 58.5 58.2 53.8 56.3 59.6 54.9 54.7

Unemployed

208 64 77 66 186 54 75 58

Unemployment rate

5.5 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.5 5.8 4.8

Other marital status(3)

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,206 982 1,105 1,119 2,987 964 1,034 989

Civilian labor force

2,031 691 710 630 1,937 681 695 561

Participation rate

63.4 70.4 64.2 56.3 64.9 70.6 67.3 56.7

Employed

1,645 574 577 494 1,610 582 573 455

Full-time workers(1)

1,095 399 386 309 1,075 405 384 285

Part-time workers(2)

550 175 191 185 535 177 189 169

Employment-population ratio

51.3 58.5 52.2 44.2 53.9 60.3 55.5 46.0

Unemployed

386 117 133 136 327 99 122 107

Unemployment rate

19.0 17.0 18.8 21.6 16.9 14.5 17.5 19.0

Footnotes
(1) Usually work 35 hours or more per week at all jobs.
(2) Usually work less than 35 hours per week at all jobs.
(3) Includes never married; married, spouse absent; divorced; separated; and widowed persons.

NOTE: Own children include sons, daughters, step-children, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for 2012 and 2013 reflect improved methodology that provides more accurate estimates of the number of mothers and fathers and, as a result, are not strictly comparable with data for previous years. Data for 2012 incorporate the new methodology; therefore, 2012 estimates do not match those published in the "Employment Characteristics of Families--2012" news release.


Last Modified Date: April 25, 2014