An official website of the United States government
For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, May 24, 2012 USDL-12-1019 Technical information: (202) 691-6378 * cpsinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/cps Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov FOREIGN-BORN WORKERS: LABOR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS -- 2011 The unemployment rate for the foreign born was 9.1 percent in 2011, down from 9.8 percent in 2010, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The jobless rate of the native born was 8.9 percent in 2011, compared with 9.6 percent in the prior year. The foreign born made up 15.9 percent of the labor force. Data on nativity are collected as part of the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly sample survey of approximately 60,000 households. The foreign born are persons who reside in the United States but who were born outside the country or one of its outlying areas to parents who were not U.S. citizens. The foreign born include legally-admitted immigrants, refugees, temporary residents such as students and temporary workers, and undocumented immigrants. The survey data, however, do not separately identify the numbers of persons in these categories. For further information about the survey, see the Technical Note. Highlights from the 2011 data: -- In 2011, there were 24.4 million foreign-born persons in the U.S. labor force, comprising 15.9 percent of the total. (See table 1.) -- Hispanics accounted for 49.0 percent of the foreign-born labor force in 2011. Asians accounted for 22.3 percent. (See table 1.) (Data in this news release for persons who are white, black, or Asian do not include those of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Data on persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity are presented separately.) -- Foreign-born workers were more likely than native-born workers to be employed in service occupations; production, transportation, and material moving occupations; and natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations. (See table 4.) -- The median usual weekly earnings of foreign-born full-time wage and salary workers were $609 in 2011, compared with $780 for their native- born counterparts. (See table 5.) (Differences in earnings reflect a variety of factors, including variations in the distributions of foreign- born and native-born workers by educational attainment, occupation, industry, and geographic region.) Demographic Characteristics The demographic characteristics of the foreign-born labor force differ from those of the native-born labor force. In 2011, men accounted for 59.0 percent of the foreign- born labor force, compared with 52.3 percent of the native-born labor force. By age, the proportion of the foreign-born labor force made up of 25- to 54-year-olds (75.4 percent) was higher than for their native-born counterparts (64.5 percent). Labor force participation is typically highest among persons in that age bracket. (See table 1.) In 2011, nearly half (49.0 percent) of the foreign-born labor force was Hispanic, and 22.3 percent was Asian, compared with 8.5 and 1.4 percent, respectively, of the native- born labor force. About 19 percent of the foreign-born labor force was white and 8.8 percent was black, compared with 76.4 and 11.6 percent, respectively, of the native- born labor force. In 2011, 25.5 percent of the foreign-born labor force 25 years old and over had not completed high school, compared with 5.3 percent of the native-born labor force. The foreign born were less likely than the native born to have some college or an associate degree--17.5 versus 29.9 percent. Similar proportions of foreign-born and native-born persons in the labor force had a bachelor's degree or higher (31.7 and 36.1 percent, respectively). Labor Force The share of the U.S. civilian labor force that was foreign born was 15.9 percent in 2011, little different from 15.8 percent in 2010. (See table 1.) In 2011, the labor force participation rate of the foreign born was 67.0 percent. The labor force participation rate of the native born was 63.6 percent. The labor force participation rate of foreign-born men was 79.5 percent in 2011, compared with 68.8 percent for native-born men. Among women, 54.6 percent of the foreign born were labor force participants, compared with 58.7 percent of the native born. Among the foreign born, the labor force participation rate for blacks was 71.2 percent in 2011, little different from the participation rate for Hispanics (69.8 percent). The participation rate for whites was 60.2 percent, while that for Asians was 65.6 percent. Among the native born, the labor force participation rate for whites was 64.3 percent, followed by Hispanics (63.2 percent), Asians (61.5 percent), and blacks (60.1 percent). In 2011, foreign-born mothers with children under 18 years old were less likely to be labor force participants than were native-born mothers--59.8 versus 73.2 percent. Labor force participation differences between foreign-born and native-born mothers were greater among those with younger children than among those with older children. The labor force participation rate of foreign-born mothers with children under age 6 was 50.5 percent in 2011, much lower than that for native-born mothers with children under age 6, at 67.3 percent. Among women with children under age 3, the participation rate for the foreign born (45.2 percent) was nearly 20 percentage points below that for native-born mothers (64.3 percent). The labor force participation rates of foreign- and native-born fathers with children under age 18 were similar, at 93.8 and 93.1 percent, respectively. (See table 2.) By region, the foreign born made up a larger share of the labor force in the West (24.0 percent) and in the Northeast (18.5 percent) than for the nation as a whole (15.9 percent) in 2011. In contrast, the foreign born made up a smaller share of the labor force than for the nation as a whole in the South (14.2 percent) and Midwest (8.0 percent). (See table 6.) Unemployment From 2010 to 2011, the unemployment rates of the foreign born and the native born each declined by 0.7 percentage point, to 9.1 percent and 8.9 percent, respectively. Overall, the unemployment rates of the foreign born in younger age groups (ages 16 to 34) tend to be lower than the jobless rates for the native born, while for older workers (ages 35 and up), unemployment rates of the foreign born tend to be higher than for the native born. (See table 1.) In 2011, the unemployment rate for foreign-born men was 8.8 percent, compared with 9.5 percent for native-born men. Among women, however, the jobless rate for the foreign born was higher than for the native born, 9.5 versus 8.3 percent. Among the major race and ethnicity groups, blacks had the highest unemployment rate in 2011, regardless of whether they were foreign born or native born. Among the foreign born, blacks had an unemployment rate of 12.5 percent in 2011, compared with 6.7 percent for Asians, 7.6 percent for whites, and 10.1 percent for Hispanics. Among the native born, the jobless rate of blacks (16.3 percent) was higher than the rate for whites (7.2 percent), Asians (8.2 percent), and Hispanics (13.0 percent). Occupation In 2011, foreign-born workers were more likely than native-born workers to be employed in service occupations (24.6 versus 16.4 percent). Within service occupations, about two-thirds of the foreign born were employed in food preparation and serving related occupations and in building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (combined), whereas about one-half of the native-born service workers were employed in the same occupations. Foreign-born workers also were more likely than native-born workers to be employed in production, transportation, and material moving occupations (15.8 versus 11.0 percent) and in natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations (13.5 versus 8.5 percent). (See table 4.) Native-born workers were more likely than foreign-born workers to be employed in management, professional, and related occupations (39.3 versus 28.6 percent) and in sales and office occupations (24.8 versus 17.5 percent). Employed foreign-born men were more likely than their native-born counterparts to work in natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations; service occupations; and production, transportation, and material moving occupations. Compared with native- born women workers, employed foreign-born women were more likely to be in service occupations and in production, transportation, and material moving occupations. The disparity was especially great in service occupations. In 2011, 32.2 percent of foreign-born women workers were in service occupations, compared with 19.4 percent of native-born women workers. Employed native-born women were more likely than employed foreign-born women to be in sales and office occupations, 32.6 versus 24.5 percent. Earnings In 2011, the median usual weekly earnings of foreign-born, full-time wage and salary workers ($609) were 78.0 percent of the earnings of their native-born counterparts ($780). Among men, median earnings for the foreign born were $624 per week, while the native born earned $879 per week. The median usual weekly earnings for foreign-born women were $585, compared with $701 for native-born women. Differences in earnings reflect a variety of factors, including variations in the distributions of foreign- born and native-born workers by educational attainment, occupation, industry, and geographic region. (See table 5.) Hispanic foreign-born full-time wage and salary workers earned 77.0 percent as much as their native-born counterparts in 2011. For white, black, and Asian workers, earnings were similar for the foreign born and the native born. The earnings of both foreign-born and native-born workers increase with education. In 2011, foreign-born workers age 25 and over with less than a high school education earned $417 per week, while those with a bachelor’s degree and higher earned about 2.8 times as much--$1,148 per week. Among the native born, those with a bachelor’s degree and higher earned about 2.3 times as much as those with less than a high school education--$1,151 versus $497 per week. Native-born workers earn more than the foreign born at most educational attainment levels. The gap between the earnings of foreign-born and native-born workers narrows with higher levels of education. For example, among those with less than a high school diploma in 2011, full-time workers who were foreign born earned 83.9 percent as much as their native-born counterparts. Among those with a bachelor’s degree and higher, foreign-born workers earned essentially as much (99.8 percent) as native-born workers.
Technical Note The estimates in this news release are based on annual average data from the Current Population Survey (CPS). The CPS, which is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), is a monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible households that provides information on the labor force status, demographics, and other characteristics of the nation's civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over. In response to the increased demand for statistical information about the foreign born, questions on nativity, citizenship, year of entry into the United States, and the parental nativity of respondents were added to the CPS beginning in January 1994. Prior to 1994, the primary sources of data on the foreign born were the decennial census, two CPS supplements (conducted in April 1983 and November 1989), and, to some extent, information collected by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (formerly known as the Immigration and Naturalization Service). The foreign- and native-born data for 2011 are not strictly comparable with data for 2010 and earlier years because of the introduction in January 2011 of revised population controls used in the CPS. The effect of the revised population controls on the foreign- and native-born estimates is unknown. However, the effect of the new controls on the monthly CPS estimates was to decrease the December 2010 employment level by 472,000 and the unemployment level by 32,000. The updated controls had little or no effect on unem- ployment rates and limited effects on other ratios. Additional information is available from the BLS website at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop. Information in this news release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200, Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending upon the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90- percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or pro- cessing of the data. A full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and information on estimating standard errors is available at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability . Definitions Definitions of the principal terms used in this news release are presented below. Foreign born. The foreign born are persons residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The foreign-born population includes legally-admitted immigrants, refugees, temporary residents such as students and temporary workers, and undocumented immigrants. The survey data, however, do not separately identify the number of persons in these categories. Native born. The native born are persons born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Race and ethnicity groups. In this release, the data are presented for non-Hispanic whites, blacks, and Asians and for persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. These four groups are mutually exclusive but not exhaustive. Other race groups (including persons who selected more than one race category) are included in the overall totals but are not shown separately because the number of survey respondents is too small to develop statistically reliable estimates. The presentation of the data on race and ethnicity in this release differs from that which appears in most analyses of CPS labor force data because persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity are separated from the race groups. Because persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity can be of any race, they are usually included in the race groups as well as shown separately in the Hispanic or Latino ethnicity group. The reason for the difference in the data presentation in this release is because about half of the foreign born are of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity and they have somewhat different labor force characteristics than the non-Hispanic foreign born. Employed. Employed persons are (a) all those who, during the survey reference week, did any work at all as paid employees, worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a family-operated enterprise; and (b) all those who did not work but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent due to illness, bad weather, vacation, childcare problems, labor disputes, or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off and whether or not they were seeking other jobs. Unemployed. The unemployed are persons who had no employment during the reference week, were available for work at that time, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not be looking for work to be classified as unemployed. Civilian labor force. The civilian labor force comprises all persons classified as employed or unemployed. Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. Labor force participation rate. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population. Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes and other deductions and include any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the case of multiple jobholders). Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly are converted to a weekly equivalent. Full-time wage and salary workers. These are workers who usually work 35 hours or more per week at their sole or principal job and receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The group includes employees in both the private and public sectors but, for purposes of the earnings series, excludes all self-employed persons, regardless of whether or not their businesses are incorporated. Median earnings. The median is the amount which divides a given earnings distribution into two equal groups, one having earnings above the median and the other having earnings below the median.
Characteristic | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Civilian noninsti- tutional population |
Civilian labor force | Civilian noninsti- tutional population |
Civilian labor force | |||||||||
Total | Participa- tion rate |
Employed | Unemployed | Total | Participa- tion rate |
Employed | Unemployed | |||||
Number | Unem- ployment rate |
Number | Unem- ployment rate |
|||||||||
TOTAL |
||||||||||||
Total, 16 years and over |
237,830 | 153,889 | 64.7 | 139,064 | 14,825 | 9.6 | 239,618 | 153,617 | 64.1 | 139,869 | 13,747 | 8.9 |
Men |
115,174 | 81,985 | 71.2 | 73,359 | 8,626 | 10.5 | 116,317 | 81,975 | 70.5 | 74,290 | 7,684 | 9.4 |
Women |
122,656 | 71,904 | 58.6 | 65,705 | 6,199 | 8.6 | 123,300 | 71,642 | 58.1 | 65,579 | 6,063 | 8.5 |
FOREIGN BORN |
||||||||||||
Total, 16 years and over |
35,869 | 24,356 | 67.9 | 21,969 | 2,387 | 9.8 | 36,420 | 24,391 | 67.0 | 22,183 | 2,208 | 9.1 |
Men |
17,936 | 14,375 | 80.1 | 12,946 | 1,429 | 9.9 | 18,090 | 14,379 | 79.5 | 13,120 | 1,260 | 8.8 |
Women |
17,934 | 9,981 | 55.7 | 9,023 | 958 | 9.6 | 18,331 | 10,012 | 54.6 | 9,063 | 949 | 9.5 |
Age |
||||||||||||
16 to 24 years |
3,533 | 1,975 | 55.9 | 1,661 | 314 | 15.9 | 3,631 | 1,971 | 54.3 | 1,695 | 276 | 14.0 |
25 to 34 years |
7,714 | 5,936 | 77.0 | 5,387 | 550 | 9.3 | 7,562 | 5,758 | 76.1 | 5,255 | 503 | 8.7 |
35 to 44 years |
8,470 | 6,884 | 81.3 | 6,265 | 619 | 9.0 | 8,492 | 6,843 | 80.6 | 6,301 | 542 | 7.9 |
45 to 54 years |
6,949 | 5,719 | 82.3 | 5,172 | 547 | 9.6 | 7,089 | 5,799 | 81.8 | 5,274 | 525 | 9.1 |
55 to 64 years |
4,528 | 3,011 | 66.5 | 2,727 | 284 | 9.4 | 4,737 | 3,161 | 66.7 | 2,870 | 290 | 9.2 |
65 years and over |
4,674 | 831 | 17.8 | 757 | 74 | 8.9 | 4,909 | 860 | 17.5 | 788 | 72 | 8.3 |
Race and Hispanic |
||||||||||||
White non-Hispanic or Latino |
7,363 | 4,470 | 60.7 | 4,138 | 332 | 7.4 | 7,617 | 4,583 | 60.2 | 4,237 | 346 | 7.6 |
Black non-Hispanic or Latino |
2,898 | 2,162 | 74.6 | 1,893 | 269 | 12.4 | 3,002 | 2,137 | 71.2 | 1,870 | 267 | 12.5 |
Asian non-Hispanic or Latino |
8,073 | 5,315 | 65.8 | 4,928 | 386 | 7.3 | 8,306 | 5,449 | 65.6 | 5,086 | 363 | 6.7 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
17,162 | 12,152 | 70.8 | 10,776 | 1,376 | 11.3 | 17,132 | 11,963 | 69.8 | 10,751 | 1,212 | 10.1 |
Educational attainment |
||||||||||||
Total, 25 years and over |
32,336 | 22,381 | 69.2 | 20,308 | 2,073 | 9.3 | 32,790 | 22,420 | 68.4 | 20,488 | 1,932 | 8.6 |
Less than a high school diploma |
9,620 | 5,930 | 61.6 | 5,219 | 712 | 12.0 | 9,532 | 5,721 | 60.0 | 5,086 | 634 | 11.1 |
High school graduates, no college(2) |
8,284 | 5,663 | 68.4 | 5,087 | 576 | 10.2 | 8,488 | 5,674 | 66.8 | 5,145 | 529 | 9.3 |
Some college or associate degree |
5,200 | 3,818 | 73.4 | 3,463 | 355 | 9.3 | 5,389 | 3,927 | 72.9 | 3,584 | 343 | 8.7 |
Bachelor's degree and higher(3) |
9,232 | 6,970 | 75.5 | 6,539 | 431 | 6.2 | 9,381 | 7,098 | 75.7 | 6,673 | 425 | 6.0 |
NATIVE BORN |
||||||||||||
Total, 16 years and over |
201,960 | 129,533 | 64.1 | 117,095 | 12,438 | 9.6 | 203,197 | 129,226 | 63.6 | 117,686 | 11,539 | 8.9 |
Men |
97,238 | 67,610 | 69.5 | 60,414 | 7,196 | 10.6 | 98,228 | 67,595 | 68.8 | 61,170 | 6,425 | 9.5 |
Women |
104,722 | 61,923 | 59.1 | 56,682 | 5,242 | 8.5 | 104,970 | 61,630 | 58.7 | 56,516 | 5,115 | 8.3 |
Age |
||||||||||||
16 to 24 years |
34,415 | 18,960 | 55.1 | 15,417 | 3,543 | 18.7 | 34,567 | 19,026 | 55.0 | 15,668 | 3,358 | 17.7 |
25 to 34 years |
33,189 | 27,678 | 83.4 | 24,842 | 2,836 | 10.2 | 33,801 | 27,967 | 82.7 | 25,282 | 2,685 | 9.6 |
35 to 44 years |
31,620 | 26,482 | 83.8 | 24,398 | 2,084 | 7.9 | 31,006 | 25,817 | 83.3 | 23,970 | 1,847 | 7.2 |
45 to 54 years |
37,348 | 30,242 | 81.0 | 28,019 | 2,223 | 7.4 | 36,753 | 29,560 | 80.4 | 27,593 | 1,967 | 6.7 |
55 to 64 years |
31,357 | 20,286 | 64.7 | 18,909 | 1,377 | 6.8 | 32,250 | 20,604 | 63.9 | 19,315 | 1,289 | 6.3 |
65 years and over |
34,032 | 5,886 | 17.3 | 5,511 | 375 | 6.4 | 34,819 | 6,252 | 18.0 | 5,858 | 393 | 6.3 |
Race and Hispanic |
||||||||||||
White non-Hispanic or Latino |
153,448 | 99,478 | 64.8 | 91,483 | 7,994 | 8.0 | 153,541 | 98,751 | 64.3 | 91,609 | 7,142 | 7.2 |
Black non-Hispanic or Latino |
24,691 | 14,996 | 60.7 | 12,529 | 2,467 | 16.5 | 24,911 | 14,973 | 60.1 | 12,526 | 2,447 | 16.3 |
Asian non-Hispanic or Latino |
2,900 | 1,782 | 61.5 | 1,641 | 141 | 7.9 | 2,917 | 1,793 | 61.5 | 1,647 | 147 | 8.2 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
16,551 | 10,596 | 64.0 | 9,130 | 1,467 | 13.8 | 17,306 | 10,934 | 63.2 | 9,518 | 1,417 | 13.0 |
Educational attainment |
||||||||||||
Total, 25 years and over |
167,546 | 110,573 | 66.0 | 101,679 | 8,895 | 8.0 | 168,630 | 110,200 | 65.4 | 102,019 | 8,181 | 7.4 |
Less than a high school diploma |
16,046 | 5,949 | 37.1 | 4,896 | 1,053 | 17.7 | 15,590 | 5,878 | 37.7 | 4,881 | 998 | 17.0 |
High school graduates, no college(2) |
53,753 | 32,573 | 60.6 | 29,206 | 3,367 | 10.3 | 53,444 | 31,670 | 59.3 | 28,679 | 2,992 | 9.4 |
Some college or associate degree |
47,022 | 33,022 | 70.2 | 30,284 | 2,738 | 8.3 | 47,700 | 32,904 | 69.0 | 30,310 | 2,594 | 7.9 |
Bachelor's degree and higher(3) |
50,724 | 39,029 | 76.9 | 37,293 | 1,736 | 4.4 | 51,896 | 39,747 | 76.6 | 38,149 | 1,598 | 4.0 |
Footnotes |
||||||||||||
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. |
Characteristic | 2010 | 2011 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | |
FOREIGN BORN |
||||||
With own children under 18 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
14,385 | 6,896 | 7,490 | 14,472 | 6,965 | 7,508 |
Civilian labor force |
11,032 | 6,480 | 4,552 | 11,024 | 6,533 | 4,490 |
Participation rate |
76.7 | 94.0 | 60.8 | 76.2 | 93.8 | 59.8 |
Employed |
10,008 | 5,913 | 4,095 | 10,062 | 6,032 | 4,030 |
Employment-population ratio |
69.6 | 85.7 | 54.7 | 69.5 | 86.6 | 53.7 |
Unemployed |
1,025 | 568 | 457 | 961 | 501 | 460 |
Unemployment rate |
9.3 | 8.8 | 10.0 | 8.7 | 7.7 | 10.2 |
With own children 6 to 17, none younger |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
7,338 | 3,423 | 3,915 | 7,484 | 3,474 | 4,010 |
Civilian labor force |
5,908 | 3,184 | 2,725 | 5,941 | 3,215 | 2,725 |
Participation rate |
80.5 | 93.0 | 69.6 | 79.4 | 92.6 | 68.0 |
Employed |
5,373 | 2,903 | 2,470 | 5,437 | 2,969 | 2,468 |
Employment-population ratio |
73.2 | 84.8 | 63.1 | 72.6 | 85.5 | 61.5 |
Unemployed |
536 | 281 | 255 | 504 | 247 | 257 |
Unemployment rate |
9.1 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 8.5 | 7.7 | 9.4 |
With own children under 6 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
7,047 | 3,473 | 3,574 | 6,989 | 3,491 | 3,497 |
Civilian labor force |
5,124 | 3,296 | 1,827 | 5,083 | 3,318 | 1,765 |
Participation rate |
72.7 | 94.9 | 51.1 | 72.7 | 95.0 | 50.5 |
Employed |
4,635 | 3,010 | 1,625 | 4,625 | 3,063 | 1,562 |
Employment-population ratio |
65.8 | 86.7 | 45.5 | 66.2 | 87.7 | 44.7 |
Unemployed |
489 | 287 | 202 | 457 | 255 | 203 |
Unemployment rate |
9.5 | 8.7 | 11.1 | 9.0 | 7.7 | 11.5 |
With own children under 3 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
4,074 | 2,022 | 2,053 | 3,961 | 2,019 | 1,942 |
Civilian labor force |
2,871 | 1,916 | 955 | 2,802 | 1,925 | 877 |
Participation rate |
70.5 | 94.8 | 46.5 | 70.8 | 95.4 | 45.2 |
Employed |
2,585 | 1,748 | 837 | 2,547 | 1,784 | 762 |
Employment-population ratio |
63.4 | 86.4 | 40.8 | 64.3 | 88.4 | 39.3 |
Unemployed |
286 | 168 | 118 | 256 | 141 | 115 |
Unemployment rate |
10.0 | 8.8 | 12.3 | 9.1 | 7.3 | 13.1 |
With no own children under 18 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
21,484 | 11,040 | 10,444 | 21,948 | 11,125 | 10,823 |
Civilian labor force |
13,323 | 7,895 | 5,429 | 13,368 | 7,846 | 5,521 |
Participation rate |
62.0 | 71.5 | 52.0 | 60.9 | 70.5 | 51.0 |
Employed |
11,961 | 7,033 | 4,928 | 12,121 | 7,088 | 5,033 |
Employment-population ratio |
55.7 | 63.7 | 47.2 | 55.2 | 63.7 | 46.5 |
Unemployed |
1,362 | 862 | 501 | 1,247 | 758 | 489 |
Unemployment rate |
10.2 | 10.9 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 8.9 |
NATIVE BORN |
||||||
With own children under 18 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
51,801 | 22,530 | 29,270 | 51,190 | 22,218 | 28,972 |
Civilian labor force |
42,459 | 21,018 | 21,441 | 41,879 | 20,675 | 21,204 |
Participation rate |
82.0 | 93.3 | 73.2 | 81.8 | 93.1 | 73.2 |
Employed |
38,981 | 19,430 | 19,551 | 38,703 | 19,357 | 19,346 |
Employment-population ratio |
75.3 | 86.2 | 66.8 | 75.6 | 87.1 | 66.8 |
Unemployed |
3,478 | 1,588 | 1,890 | 3,176 | 1,318 | 1,858 |
Unemployment rate |
8.2 | 7.6 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 6.4 | 8.8 |
With own children 6 to 17, none younger |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
28,468 | 12,426 | 16,042 | 27,961 | 12,194 | 15,767 |
Civilian labor force |
24,033 | 11,503 | 12,530 | 23,584 | 11,271 | 12,314 |
Participation rate |
84.4 | 92.6 | 78.1 | 84.3 | 92.4 | 78.1 |
Employed |
22,337 | 10,735 | 11,601 | 22,037 | 10,627 | 11,410 |
Employment-population ratio |
78.5 | 86.4 | 72.3 | 78.8 | 87.1 | 72.4 |
Unemployed |
1,697 | 768 | 929 | 1,548 | 644 | 903 |
Unemployment rate |
7.1 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 6.6 | 5.7 | 7.3 |
With own children under 6 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
23,333 | 10,104 | 13,229 | 23,229 | 10,024 | 13,205 |
Civilian labor force |
18,426 | 9,515 | 8,911 | 18,295 | 9,404 | 8,891 |
Participation rate |
79.0 | 94.2 | 67.4 | 78.8 | 93.8 | 67.3 |
Employed |
16,644 | 8,695 | 7,949 | 16,666 | 8,730 | 7,936 |
Employment-population ratio |
71.3 | 86.1 | 60.1 | 71.7 | 87.1 | 60.1 |
Unemployed |
1,781 | 820 | 961 | 1,629 | 674 | 955 |
Unemployment rate |
9.7 | 8.6 | 10.8 | 8.9 | 7.2 | 10.7 |
With own children under 3 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
13,859 | 6,006 | 7,853 | 13,655 | 5,932 | 7,723 |
Civilian labor force |
10,725 | 5,658 | 5,067 | 10,536 | 5,567 | 4,969 |
Participation rate |
77.4 | 94.2 | 64.5 | 77.2 | 93.8 | 64.3 |
Employed |
9,638 | 5,146 | 4,492 | 9,577 | 5,160 | 4,418 |
Employment-population ratio |
69.5 | 85.7 | 57.2 | 70.1 | 87.0 | 57.2 |
Unemployed |
1,087 | 511 | 575 | 958 | 407 | 551 |
Unemployment rate |
10.1 | 9.0 | 11.4 | 9.1 | 7.3 | 11.1 |
With no own children under 18 |
||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
150,159 | 74,708 | 75,452 | 152,007 | 76,010 | 75,998 |
Civilian labor force |
87,074 | 46,591 | 40,483 | 87,346 | 46,920 | 40,426 |
Participation rate |
58.0 | 62.4 | 53.7 | 57.5 | 61.7 | 53.2 |
Employed |
78,115 | 40,983 | 37,131 | 78,983 | 41,814 | 37,170 |
Employment-population ratio |
52.0 | 54.9 | 49.2 | 52.0 | 55.0 | 48.9 |
Unemployed |
8,960 | 5,608 | 3,352 | 8,363 | 5,107 | 3,256 |
Unemployment rate |
10.3 | 12.0 | 8.3 | 9.6 | 10.9 | 8.1 |
NOTE: Own children include sons, daughters, step-children, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. |
Characteristic | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Less than a high school diploma |
High school graduates, no college(1) |
Some college or associate degree |
Bachelor's degree and higher(2) |
Less than a high school diploma |
High school graduates, no college(1) |
Some college or associate degree |
Bachelor's degree and higher(2) |
|
FOREIGN BORN |
||||||||
White non-Hispanic or Latino |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
870 | 1,773 | 1,364 | 2,832 | 815 | 1,884 | 1,407 | 2,935 |
Civilian labor force |
307 | 937 | 883 | 2,053 | 274 | 978 | 899 | 2,144 |
Participation rate |
35.3 | 52.8 | 64.8 | 72.5 | 33.6 | 51.9 | 63.9 | 73.0 |
Employed |
282 | 851 | 818 | 1,935 | 243 | 897 | 832 | 2,019 |
Employment-population ratio |
32.4 | 48.0 | 60.0 | 68.3 | 29.9 | 47.6 | 59.1 | 68.8 |
Unemployed |
25 | 85 | 66 | 118 | 30 | 81 | 67 | 125 |
Unemployment rate |
8.0 | 9.1 | 7.4 | 5.7 | 11.1 | 8.3 | 7.4 | 5.8 |
Black non-Hispanic or Latino |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
420 | 739 | 685 | 740 | 391 | 810 | 709 | 752 |
Civilian labor force |
246 | 556 | 568 | 623 | 204 | 594 | 578 | 614 |
Participation rate |
58.5 | 75.3 | 82.9 | 84.2 | 52.1 | 73.3 | 81.5 | 81.6 |
Employed |
203 | 481 | 508 | 570 | 163 | 516 | 512 | 556 |
Employment-population ratio |
48.3 | 65.1 | 74.2 | 77.1 | 41.7 | 63.7 | 72.2 | 74.0 |
Unemployed |
43 | 75 | 60 | 53 | 41 | 78 | 66 | 57 |
Unemployment rate |
17.4 | 13.6 | 10.6 | 8.5 | 19.9 | 13.2 | 11.4 | 9.3 |
Asian non-Hispanic or Latino |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
931 | 1,536 | 1,088 | 3,877 | 955 | 1,628 | 1,149 | 3,892 |
Civilian labor force |
414 | 977 | 767 | 2,889 | 404 | 1,014 | 807 | 2,936 |
Participation rate |
44.5 | 63.6 | 70.6 | 74.5 | 42.3 | 62.3 | 70.3 | 75.4 |
Employed |
368 | 901 | 703 | 2,724 | 366 | 935 | 749 | 2,785 |
Employment-population ratio |
39.5 | 58.6 | 64.7 | 70.3 | 38.3 | 57.4 | 65.2 | 71.6 |
Unemployed |
46 | 76 | 64 | 165 | 39 | 79 | 58 | 150 |
Unemployment rate |
11.2 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 5.7 | 9.6 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 5.1 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
7,351 | 4,146 | 1,989 | 1,667 | 7,331 | 4,072 | 2,052 | 1,687 |
Civilian labor force |
4,937 | 3,134 | 1,542 | 1,316 | 4,815 | 3,032 | 1,586 | 1,309 |
Participation rate |
67.2 | 75.6 | 77.5 | 78.9 | 65.7 | 74.4 | 77.3 | 77.6 |
Employed |
4,341 | 2,802 | 1,383 | 1,225 | 4,294 | 2,746 | 1,437 | 1,221 |
Employment-population ratio |
59.1 | 67.6 | 69.5 | 73.5 | 58.6 | 67.4 | 70.0 | 72.4 |
Unemployed |
595 | 332 | 159 | 91 | 521 | 286 | 149 | 88 |
Unemployment rate |
12.1 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 6.9 | 10.8 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 6.7 |
NATIVE BORN |
||||||||
White non-Hispanic or Latino |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
10,172 | 41,667 | 36,307 | 43,147 | 9,841 | 41,003 | 36,755 | 44,100 |
Civilian labor force |
3,654 | 24,684 | 25,135 | 32,916 | 3,609 | 23,710 | 24,997 | 33,543 |
Participation rate |
35.9 | 59.2 | 69.2 | 76.3 | 36.7 | 57.8 | 68.0 | 76.1 |
Employed |
3,086 | 22,458 | 23,275 | 31,582 | 3,103 | 21,813 | 23,315 | 32,316 |
Employment-population ratio |
30.3 | 53.9 | 64.1 | 73.2 | 31.5 | 53.2 | 63.4 | 73.3 |
Unemployed |
568 | 2,225 | 1,860 | 1,334 | 506 | 1,897 | 1,682 | 1,226 |
Unemployment rate |
15.5 | 9.0 | 7.4 | 4.1 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 6.7 | 3.7 |
Black non-Hispanic or Latino |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
3,036 | 6,895 | 5,826 | 3,798 | 2,924 | 7,075 | 5,924 | 3,866 |
Civilian labor force |
1,057 | 4,304 | 4,214 | 2,986 | 1,015 | 4,297 | 4,188 | 3,013 |
Participation rate |
34.8 | 62.4 | 72.3 | 78.6 | 34.7 | 60.7 | 70.7 | 77.9 |
Employed |
798 | 3,605 | 3,682 | 2,752 | 745 | 3,613 | 3,635 | 2,810 |
Employment-population ratio |
26.3 | 52.3 | 63.2 | 72.5 | 25.5 | 51.1 | 61.4 | 72.7 |
Unemployed |
259 | 698 | 532 | 235 | 270 | 684 | 553 | 203 |
Unemployment rate |
24.5 | 16.2 | 12.6 | 7.9 | 26.6 | 15.9 | 13.2 | 6.7 |
Asian non-Hispanic or Latino |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
133 | 387 | 471 | 1,008 | 119 | 397 | 451 | 1,090 |
Civilian labor force |
54 | 228 | 329 | 817 | 46 | 221 | 317 | 862 |
Participation rate |
40.5 | 58.9 | 69.9 | 81.0 | 39.0 | 55.8 | 70.3 | 79.1 |
Employed |
49 | 212 | 304 | 777 | 41 | 207 | 292 | 814 |
Employment-population ratio |
37.1 | 54.7 | 64.6 | 77.1 | 34.9 | 52.1 | 64.8 | 74.7 |
Unemployed |
4 | 16 | 25 | 40 | 5 | 15 | 25 | 48 |
Unemployment rate |
8.3 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 4.9 | 10.4 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 5.6 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
||||||||
Civilian noninstitutional population |
2,295 | 3,769 | 3,314 | 2,059 | 2,281 | 3,927 | 3,414 | 2,074 |
Civilian labor force |
1,033 | 2,714 | 2,583 | 1,728 | 1,043 | 2,781 | 2,628 | 1,722 |
Participation rate |
45.0 | 72.0 | 77.9 | 83.9 | 45.7 | 70.8 | 77.0 | 83.0 |
Employed |
842 | 2,373 | 2,343 | 1,637 | 862 | 2,470 | 2,393 | 1,636 |
Employment-population ratio |
36.7 | 63.0 | 70.7 | 79.5 | 37.8 | 62.9 | 70.1 | 78.9 |
Unemployed |
191 | 342 | 240 | 91 | 181 | 311 | 235 | 86 |
Unemployment rate |
18.5 | 12.6 | 9.3 | 5.3 | 17.4 | 11.2 | 8.9 | 5.0 |
Footnotes |
||||||||
NOTE: Data for race/ethnicity groups do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. |
Occupation | Foreign born | Native born | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | |
Total employed (in thousands) |
22,183 | 13,120 | 9,063 | 117,686 | 61,170 | 56,516 |
Occupation as a percent of total employed |
||||||
Total employed |
100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Management, professional, and related occupations |
28.6 | 26.5 | 31.6 | 39.3 | 36.1 | 42.7 |
Management, business, and financial operations occupations |
11.0 | 11.2 | 10.7 | 16.3 | 17.7 | 14.8 |
Management occupations |
7.6 | 8.5 | 6.3 | 11.5 | 13.6 | 9.3 |
Business and financial operations occupations |
3.4 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 5.5 |
Professional and related occupations |
17.6 | 15.4 | 20.9 | 23.0 | 18.4 | 27.9 |
Computer and mathematical occupations |
3.5 | 4.5 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 1.3 |
Architecture and engineering occupations |
2.0 | 2.8 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 3.3 | 0.6 |
Life, physical, and social science occupations |
1.0 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
Community and social service occupations |
0.9 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 2.5 |
Legal occupations |
0.4 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
Education, training, and library occupations |
3.7 | 2.1 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 3.3 | 10.3 |
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations |
1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations |
4.8 | 2.6 | 7.9 | 5.7 | 2.7 | 8.9 |
Service occupations |
24.6 | 19.3 | 32.2 | 16.4 | 13.7 | 19.4 |
Healthcare support occupations |
2.6 | 0.7 | 5.4 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 4.3 |
Protective service occupations |
0.9 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 1.1 |
Food preparation and serving related occupations |
7.9 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 6.2 |
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations |
8.8 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 2.2 |
Personal care and service occupations |
4.3 | 1.5 | 8.4 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 5.6 |
Sales and office occupations |
17.5 | 12.6 | 24.5 | 24.8 | 17.6 | 32.6 |
Sales and related occupations |
8.7 | 7.4 | 10.7 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 11.7 |
Office and administrative support occupations |
8.7 | 5.2 | 13.8 | 13.4 | 6.6 | 20.8 |
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations |
13.5 | 21.8 | 1.5 | 8.5 | 15.7 | 0.7 |
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations |
1.9 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
Construction and extraction occupations |
8.5 | 14.1 | 0.3 | 4.5 | 8.3 | 0.2 |
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations |
3.2 | 5.2 | 0.2 | 3.6 | 6.6 | 0.3 |
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations |
15.8 | 19.8 | 10.1 | 11.0 | 16.9 | 4.7 |
Production occupations |
8.7 | 9.3 | 7.7 | 5.3 | 7.5 | 2.9 |
Transportation and material moving occupations |
7.2 | 10.5 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 9.3 | 1.8 |
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2011 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2011 are not strictly comparable with earlier years. |
Characteristic | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foreign born | Native born | Earnings of foreign born as percent of native born(1) |
Foreign born | Native born | Earnings of foreign born as percent of native born(1) |
|||||
Number | Median weekly earnings |
Number | Median weekly earnings |
Number | Median weekly earnings |
Number | Median weekly earnings |
|||
Total, 16 years and over |
16,253 | $598 | 83,278 | $771 | 77.5 | 16,441 | $609 | 84,015 | $780 | 78.0 |
Men |
10,056 | 610 | 45,003 | 873 | 69.9 | 10,177 | 624 | 45,794 | 879 | 71.0 |
Women |
6,197 | 577 | 38,275 | 686 | 84.1 | 6,264 | 585 | 38,222 | 701 | 83.5 |
AGE |
||||||||||
16 to 24 years |
1,037 | 392 | 7,515 | 443 | 88.5 | 1,081 | 405 | 7,643 | 448 | 90.3 |
25 to 34 years |
4,288 | 551 | 19,813 | 709 | 77.7 | 4,120 | 569 | 20,177 | 718 | 79.3 |
35 to 44 years |
4,784 | 649 | 19,038 | 864 | 75.2 | 4,812 | 671 | 18,970 | 875 | 76.7 |
45 to 54 years |
3,810 | 643 | 21,396 | 878 | 73.2 | 3,962 | 680 | 21,172 | 899 | 75.6 |
55 to 64 years |
1,911 | 651 | 13,230 | 887 | 73.4 | 2,039 | 662 | 13,602 | 910 | 72.8 |
65 years and over |
422 | 584 | 2,287 | 708 | 82.4 | 429 | 621 | 2,452 | 760 | 81.8 |
RACE AND HISPANIC OR |
||||||||||
White non-Hispanic or Latino |
2,809 | 850 | 64,060 | 824 | 103.2 | 2,876 | 883 | 64,359 | 837 | 105.5 |
Black non-Hispanic or Latino |
1,490 | 614 | 9,696 | 613 | 100.1 | 1,467 | 614 | 9,638 | 617 | 99.5 |
Asian non-Hispanic or Latino |
3,665 | 871 | 1,179 | 841 | 103.5 | 3,876 | 868 | 1,226 | 878 | 98.8 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
8,092 | 480 | 6,745 | 629 | 76.4 | 8,044 | 489 | 7,103 | 636 | 77.0 |
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |
||||||||||
Total, 25 years and over |
15,216 | 615 | 75,764 | 818 | 75.2 | 15,361 | 628 | 76,373 | 831 | 75.6 |
Less than a high school diploma |
3,895 | 416 | 3,258 | 486 | 85.5 | 3,822 | 417 | 3,197 | 497 | 83.9 |
High school graduates, no college(3) |
3,687 | 521 | 21,512 | 648 | 80.4 | 3,828 | 530 | 21,328 | 661 | 80.2 |
Some college or associate degree |
2,560 | 656 | 22,335 | 741 | 88.4 | 2,580 | 665 | 22,625 | 746 | 89.2 |
Bachelor's degree and higher(4) |
5,073 | 1,119 | 28,658 | 1,147 | 97.6 | 5,131 | 1,148 | 29,222 | 1,151 | 99.8 |
Footnotes |
||||||||||
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. |
Census region and division |
2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Civilian noninsti- tutional population |
Civilian labor force | Civilian noninsti- tutional population |
Civilian labor force | |||||||||
Total | Participa- tion rate |
Employed | Unemployed | Total | Participa- tion rate |
Employed | Unemployed | |||||
Number | Unem- ployment rate |
Number | Unem- ployment rate |
|||||||||
FOREIGN BORN |
||||||||||||
Northeast |
7,740 | 5,221 | 67.5 | 4,782 | 439 | 8.4 | 7,997 | 5,218 | 65.3 | 4,816 | 402 | 7.7 |
New England |
1,465 | 1,013 | 69.2 | 923 | 90 | 8.9 | 1,525 | 1,025 | 67.2 | 946 | 78 | 7.7 |
Middle Atlantic |
6,275 | 4,208 | 67.1 | 3,859 | 349 | 8.3 | 6,471 | 4,194 | 64.8 | 3,870 | 323 | 7.7 |
South |
11,241 | 7,760 | 69.0 | 7,063 | 697 | 9.0 | 11,490 | 7,886 | 68.6 | 7,216 | 669 | 8.5 |
South Atlantic |
6,556 | 4,534 | 69.2 | 4,075 | 459 | 10.1 | 6,722 | 4,622 | 68.8 | 4,202 | 420 | 9.1 |
East South Central |
604 | 437 | 72.4 | 405 | 31 | 7.2 | 575 | 423 | 73.5 | 380 | 43 | 10.1 |
West South Central |
4,082 | 2,789 | 68.3 | 2,583 | 206 | 7.4 | 4,193 | 2,841 | 67.8 | 2,634 | 207 | 7.3 |
Midwest |
3,951 | 2,691 | 68.1 | 2,428 | 263 | 9.8 | 4,039 | 2,732 | 67.6 | 2,509 | 223 | 8.2 |
East North Central |
3,018 | 2,029 | 67.2 | 1,827 | 203 | 10.0 | 3,077 | 2,045 | 66.5 | 1,878 | 167 | 8.2 |
West North Central |
933 | 662 | 70.9 | 601 | 61 | 9.2 | 962 | 687 | 71.4 | 631 | 56 | 8.1 |
West |
12,937 | 8,684 | 67.1 | 7,696 | 988 | 11.4 | 12,895 | 8,555 | 66.3 | 7,641 | 914 | 10.7 |
Mountain |
2,216 | 1,463 | 66.0 | 1,300 | 163 | 11.1 | 2,257 | 1,517 | 67.2 | 1,368 | 149 | 9.8 |
Pacific |
10,721 | 7,221 | 67.3 | 6,395 | 825 | 11.4 | 10,638 | 7,038 | 66.2 | 6,273 | 765 | 10.9 |
NATIVE BORN |
||||||||||||
Northeast |
36,130 | 23,093 | 63.9 | 21,081 | 2,011 | 8.7 | 36,032 | 22,936 | 63.7 | 21,042 | 1,894 | 8.3 |
New England |
10,071 | 6,744 | 67.0 | 6,174 | 570 | 8.4 | 10,080 | 6,716 | 66.6 | 6,193 | 522 | 7.8 |
Middle Atlantic |
26,059 | 16,349 | 62.7 | 14,907 | 1,441 | 8.8 | 25,952 | 16,220 | 62.5 | 14,848 | 1,372 | 8.5 |
South |
75,818 | 47,446 | 62.6 | 42,984 | 4,462 | 9.4 | 76,459 | 47,613 | 62.3 | 43,387 | 4,226 | 8.9 |
South Atlantic |
39,475 | 24,735 | 62.7 | 22,286 | 2,449 | 9.9 | 39,759 | 24,741 | 62.2 | 22,449 | 2,292 | 9.3 |
East South Central |
13,529 | 8,176 | 60.4 | 7,337 | 839 | 10.3 | 13,645 | 8,284 | 60.7 | 7,489 | 796 | 9.6 |
West South Central |
22,814 | 14,535 | 63.7 | 13,361 | 1,174 | 8.1 | 23,055 | 14,588 | 63.3 | 13,449 | 1,139 | 7.8 |
Midwest |
47,955 | 31,840 | 66.4 | 28,843 | 2,996 | 9.4 | 48,066 | 31,586 | 65.7 | 28,939 | 2,647 | 8.4 |
East North Central |
33,128 | 21,572 | 65.1 | 19,313 | 2,259 | 10.5 | 33,149 | 21,261 | 64.1 | 19,285 | 1,976 | 9.3 |
West North Central |
14,827 | 10,268 | 69.2 | 9,530 | 737 | 7.2 | 14,917 | 10,325 | 69.2 | 9,653 | 672 | 6.5 |
West |
42,058 | 27,154 | 64.6 | 24,187 | 2,968 | 10.9 | 42,640 | 27,090 | 63.5 | 24,319 | 2,771 | 10.2 |
Mountain |
14,628 | 9,614 | 65.7 | 8,699 | 914 | 9.5 | 14,783 | 9,533 | 64.5 | 8,694 | 839 | 8.8 |
Pacific |
27,429 | 17,541 | 63.9 | 15,487 | 2,053 | 11.7 | 27,856 | 17,557 | 63.0 | 15,625 | 1,932 | 11.0 |
NOTE: The states (plus the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New England (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont); Middle Atlantic (New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania); South Atlantic (Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia); East South Central (Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee); West South Central (Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas); East North Central (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin); West North Central (Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota); Mountain (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming); Pacific (Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington). Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. |