State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, January 17, 2025	USDL-25-0024
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                       STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2024

Job openings rates increased in 2 states and decreased in 2 states on the last business day of November, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates decreased in 6 states and increased in 1 
state. Total separations rates decreased in 3 states. Nationally, the job openings, hires, and total 
separations rates showed little change in November.

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In November, job openings rates increased in 2 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed in 
46 states and the District of Columbia. The increases in job openings rates occurred in North Carolina  
(+0.9 percentage point) and California (+0.5 point). The decreases occurred in Colorado (-2.7 points) 
and Maine (-1.0 point). Over the month, the national job openings rate changed little. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings increased in 3 states, decreased in 2 states, and changed little in 45 states 
and the District of Columbia in November. The increases in the job openings level occurred in 
California (+98,000), Texas (+82,000), and North Carolina (+53,000). The decreases occurred in 
Colorado (-92,000) and Maine (-7,000). Nationally, the number of job openings changed little.  
(See table 1.)

Hires

In November, hires rates decreased in 6 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 43 states 
and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in the hires rates occurred in Idaho and Oklahoma  
(-1.1 percentage points each) and in Texas (-0.9 point). The increase occurred in Wyoming (+1.0 point). 
The national hires rate changed little over the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires decreased in 6 states and was little changed in 44 states and the District of 
Columbia in November. The largest decreases in the hires level occurred in Texas (-128,000), Tennessee 
(-27,000), and Colorado (-24,000). Nationally, the number of hires changed little over the month.  
(See table 2.)

Total Separations

In November, total separations rates decreased in 3 states and were little changed in 47 states and the 
District of Columbia. The decreases occurred in Arizona (-1.3 percentage points), Colorado  
(-1.2 points), and Minnesota (-0.8 point). Over the month, the national total separations rate changed 
little. (See table 3.)

The number of total separations decreased in 5 states and changed little in 45 states and the District of 
Columbia in November. The largest decreases occurred in Arizona (-43,000), Colorado (-37,000), and 
Minnesota (-24,000). Nationally, the number of total separations changed little over the month.  
(See table 3.)
 
Quits

In November, quits rates decreased in 5 states and were little changed in 45 states and the District of 
Columbia. The largest decreases occurred in Arizona (-1.0 percentage point) as well as in Oklahoma and 
Tennessee (-0.6 point each). Over the month, the national quits rate decreased (-0.2 point). (See table 4.)

The number of quits decreased in 6 states and was little changed in 44 states and the District of 
Columbia in November. The largest decreases occurred in Arizona (-31,000) and New York (-29,000) as 
well as in Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee (-19,000 each). Nationally, the number of quits decreased  
(-218,000). (See table 4.)

Layoffs and Discharges

In November, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 3 states, increased in 3 states, and were little 
changed in 44 states and the District of Columbia. The decreases in layoffs and discharges rates 
occurred in Colorado (-0.9 percentage point), Minnesota (-0.4 point), and Texas (-0.3 point). The 
increases occurred in Michigan and New York (+0.5 point each) as well as in California (+0.4 point). 
The national layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged over the month. (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 3 states, increased in 3 states, and changed little in 
44 states and the District of Columbia in November. The decreases in the layoffs and discharges level 
occurred in Texas (-38,000), Colorado (-27,000), and Minnesota (-13,000). The increases occurred in 
California (+82,000), New York (+40,000), and Michigan (+23,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs 
and discharges was little changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  
	
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for December 2024 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, February 19, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
     


    

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional to the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component ofthe Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	8,931	7,861	7,372	7,839	8,098	259	5.4	4.7	4.4	4.7	4.8	0.1
Alabama	120	127	115	134	135	1	5.2	5.4	4.9	5.7	5.7	0.0
Alaska	28	23	24	24	24	0	7.8	6.4	6.6	6.6	6.6	0.0
Arizona	182	179	180	172	190	18	5.3	5.2	5.2	5.0	5.5	0.5
Arkansas	81	79	97	83	87	4	5.6	5.4	6.6	5.7	5.9	0.2
California	767	614	609	626	724	98	4.1	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.8	0.5
Colorado	246	150	159	258	166	-92	7.7	4.8	5.0	7.9	5.2	-2.7
Connecticut	86	80	81	74	75	1	4.8	4.5	4.5	4.2	4.2	0.0
Delaware	28	27	24	29	29	0	5.5	5.2	4.7	5.6	5.6	0.0
District of Columbia	38	36	35	37	39	2	4.7	4.5	4.3	4.6	4.8	0.2
Florida	541	476	405	494	532	38	5.2	4.6	3.9	4.7	5.0	0.3
Georgia	296	330	220	298	304	6	5.7	6.2	4.2	5.6	5.7	0.1
Hawaii	31	26	27	27	28	1	4.7	3.9	4.1	4.1	4.2	0.1
Idaho	51	46	47	50	46	-4	5.6	5.0	5.1	5.4	4.9	-0.5
Illinois	397	292	288	278	283	5	6.1	4.5	4.5	4.3	4.4	0.1
Indiana	162	145	144	154	165	11	4.7	4.2	4.2	4.5	4.8	0.3
Iowa	88	79	73	76	70	-6	5.2	4.7	4.4	4.5	4.2	-0.3
Kansas	88	72	74	77	77	0	5.7	4.7	4.8	5.0	5.0	0.0
Kentucky	115	133	120	141	152	11	5.4	6.1	5.5	6.4	6.9	0.5
Louisiana	113	110	97	118	118	0	5.5	5.3	4.7	5.7	5.6	-0.1
Maine	44	36	36	39	32	-7	6.3	5.2	5.2	5.6	4.6	-1.0
Maryland	178	174	139	165	167	2	6.1	5.9	4.8	5.6	5.7	0.1
Massachusetts	220	192	184	174	187	13	5.6	4.9	4.7	4.4	4.8	0.4
Michigan	276	209	221	227	218	-9	5.8	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.6	-0.2
Minnesota	202	186	184	189	174	-15	6.3	5.8	5.7	5.9	5.4	-0.5
Mississippi	78	65	54	75	71	-4	6.2	5.2	4.3	5.9	5.6	-0.3
Missouri	179	170	175	193	186	-7	5.6	5.3	5.4	5.9	5.7	-0.2
Montana	36	32	31	31	33	2	6.4	5.6	5.4	5.5	5.8	0.3
Nebraska	61	53	53	54	53	-1	5.5	4.7	4.7	4.8	4.7	-0.1
Nevada	92	73	76	75	79	4	5.5	4.4	4.6	4.5	4.8	0.3
New Hampshire	39	35	43	32	32	0	5.3	4.7	5.7	4.3	4.3	0.0
New Jersey	221	210	214	200	193	-7	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.4	4.2	-0.2
New Mexico	59	50	55	55	56	1	6.3	5.3	5.8	5.8	5.9	0.1
New York	464	487	508	422	451	29	4.5	4.7	4.9	4.1	4.4	0.3
North Carolina	287	256	257	275	328	53	5.5	4.8	4.9	5.2	6.1	0.9
North Dakota	29	24	25	25	25	0	6.2	5.1	5.3	5.3	5.3	0.0
Ohio	329	304	272	288	298	10	5.5	5.1	4.6	4.8	5.0	0.2
Oklahoma	111	118	90	114	110	-4	5.9	6.2	4.8	6.0	5.8	-0.2
Oregon	108	102	106	100	102	2	5.2	4.9	5.1	4.8	4.9	0.1
Pennsylvania	367	300	289	225	246	21	5.7	4.6	4.4	3.5	3.8	0.3
Rhode Island	31	27	32	26	26	0	5.8	5.0	5.9	4.8	4.8	0.0
South Carolina	167	149	122	154	152	-2	6.7	5.9	4.8	6.0	6.0	0.0
South Dakota	30	25	24	25	24	-1	6.0	5.1	4.9	5.1	4.9	-0.2
Tennessee	182	164	161	182	165	-17	5.2	4.7	4.6	5.2	4.7	-0.5
Texas	850	659	506	591	673	82	5.7	4.4	3.4	4.0	4.5	0.5
Utah	93	88	90	91	88	-3	5.1	4.8	4.8	4.9	4.7	-0.2
Vermont	17	16	17	15	14	-1	5.2	4.8	5.1	4.5	4.3	-0.2
Virginia	259	268	224	276	295	19	5.8	5.9	5.0	6.1	6.5	0.4
Washington	179	155	158	157	163	6	4.7	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.3	0.2
West Virginia	55	46	40	49	53	4	7.1	6.0	5.3	6.4	6.9	0.5
Wisconsin	206	148	150	151	145	-6	6.4	4.6	4.7	4.7	4.5	-0.2
Wyoming	20	16	17	17	17	0	6.4	5.2	5.4	5.4	5.4	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,569	5,435	5,582	5,394	5,269	-125	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Alabama	86	83	80	77	80	3	3.9	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.6	0.1
Alaska	17	18	18	18	17	-1	5.1	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.0	-0.3
Arizona	112	114	122	108	114	6	3.5	3.5	3.7	3.3	3.5	0.2
Arkansas	60	54	58	54	50	-4	4.4	3.9	4.2	3.9	3.6	-0.3
California	470	514	539	488	522	34	2.6	2.8	3.0	2.7	2.9	0.2
Colorado	119	101	107	130	106	-24	4.0	3.4	3.6	4.3	3.5	-0.8
Connecticut	53	61	59	57	50	-7	3.1	3.6	3.5	3.3	2.9	-0.4
Delaware	20	19	21	18	18	0	4.1	3.9	4.3	3.7	3.7	0.0
District of Columbia	24	20	22	21	19	-2	3.1	2.6	2.8	2.7	2.4	-0.3
Florida	407	430	376	323	343	20	4.1	4.3	3.8	3.2	3.4	0.2
Georgia	212	201	202	183	184	1	4.3	4.0	4.1	3.7	3.7	0.0
Hawaii	19	17	21	19	21	2	3.0	2.7	3.3	3.0	3.3	0.3
Idaho	34	39	40	46	36	-10	4.0	4.5	4.6	5.2	4.1	-1.1
Illinois	236	185	204	202	212	10	3.9	3.0	3.3	3.3	3.4	0.1
Indiana	120	113	119	130	141	11	3.7	3.4	3.6	3.9	4.3	0.4
Iowa	56	46	51	50	56	6	3.5	2.9	3.2	3.1	3.5	0.4
Kansas	51	47	55	48	52	4	3.5	3.2	3.7	3.3	3.5	0.2
Kentucky	74	74	79	73	72	-1	3.7	3.6	3.9	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Louisiana	86	77	85	90	79	-11	4.4	3.9	4.3	4.6	4.0	-0.6
Maine	24	30	24	29	24	-5	3.7	4.6	3.7	4.4	3.7	-0.7
Maryland	118	107	105	101	91	-10	4.3	3.9	3.8	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Massachusetts	102	162	113	100	119	19	2.7	4.3	3.0	2.7	3.2	0.5
Michigan	158	162	205	164	151	-13	3.5	3.6	4.6	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Minnesota	111	88	103	115	98	-17	3.7	2.9	3.4	3.8	3.2	-0.6
Mississippi	47	45	45	51	45	-6	4.0	3.8	3.8	4.3	3.8	-0.5
Missouri	99	94	101	92	107	15	3.3	3.1	3.3	3.0	3.5	0.5
Montana	24	24	35	24	26	2	4.6	4.5	6.5	4.5	4.8	0.3
Nebraska	37	36	38	36	39	3	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.6	0.3
Nevada	59	61	66	60	67	7	3.8	3.9	4.2	3.8	4.3	0.5
New Hampshire	27	27	28	26	25	-1	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.6	3.5	-0.1
New Jersey	160	130	128	139	130	-9	3.7	3.0	2.9	3.2	3.0	-0.2
New Mexico	30	30	35	32	34	2	3.4	3.4	3.9	3.6	3.8	0.2
New York	296	283	295	285	299	14	3.0	2.9	3.0	2.9	3.0	0.1
North Carolina	181	173	167	194	183	-11	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.9	3.6	-0.3
North Dakota	17	15	16	16	18	2	3.9	3.4	3.6	3.6	4.0	0.4
Ohio	170	182	186	182	172	-10	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.2	3.0	-0.2
Oklahoma	81	79	72	85	65	-20	4.6	4.4	4.0	4.7	3.6	-1.1
Oregon	67	65	74	68	72	4	3.4	3.3	3.7	3.4	3.6	0.2
Pennsylvania	197	193	186	189	193	4	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.0	3.1	0.1
Rhode Island	21	22	22	21	20	-1	4.1	4.3	4.3	4.1	3.9	-0.2
South Carolina	93	97	111	102	97	-5	4.0	4.1	4.6	4.3	4.0	-0.3
South Dakota	19	17	18	17	18	1	4.1	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.9	0.3
Tennessee	112	125	138	132	105	-27	3.4	3.7	4.1	3.9	3.1	-0.8
Texas	570	495	515	544	416	-128	4.1	3.5	3.6	3.8	2.9	-0.9
Utah	65	69	66	63	67	4	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.6	3.8	0.2
Vermont	12	13	13	12	12	0	3.9	4.1	4.1	3.8	3.8	0.0
Virginia	165	157	165	137	145	8	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.2	3.4	0.2
Washington	107	107	114	104	112	8	3.0	2.9	3.1	2.9	3.1	0.2
West Virginia	31	29	30	30	30	0	4.3	4.0	4.2	4.2	4.2	0.0
Wisconsin	98	92	97	95	101	6	3.2	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.3	0.2
Wyoming	13	12	14	12	15	3	4.4	4.1	4.7	4.0	5.0	1.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,413	5,168	5,196	5,306	5,126	-180	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.2	-0.1
Alabama	83	73	72	80	77	-3	3.8	3.3	3.3	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Alaska	20	18	17	20	21	1	6.0	5.3	5.0	5.9	6.1	0.2
Arizona	126	113	111	134	91	-43	3.9	3.5	3.4	4.1	2.8	-1.3
Arkansas	55	53	49	52	47	-5	4.1	3.9	3.6	3.8	3.4	-0.4
California	534	452	468	538	605	67	3.0	2.5	2.6	3.0	3.3	0.3
Colorado	111	94	82	142	105	-37	3.8	3.1	2.7	4.7	3.5	-1.2
Connecticut	48	49	54	60	56	-4	2.8	2.9	3.2	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Delaware	18	17	19	18	19	1	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.7	3.9	0.2
District of Columbia	23	23	21	21	21	0	3.0	3.0	2.7	2.7	2.7	0.0
Florida	392	365	378	338	346	8	4.0	3.7	3.8	3.4	3.5	0.1
Georgia	182	180	172	180	177	-3	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.6	3.6	0.0
Hawaii	22	21	23	20	21	1	3.5	3.3	3.6	3.1	3.3	0.2
Idaho	39	41	40	39	38	-1	4.6	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.3	-0.1
Illinois	183	224	174	174	169	-5	3.0	3.6	2.8	2.8	2.7	-0.1
Indiana	125	122	126	144	131	-13	3.8	3.7	3.8	4.4	4.0	-0.4
Iowa	55	54	50	51	51	0	3.4	3.4	3.1	3.2	3.2	0.0
Kansas	49	56	47	46	47	1	3.4	3.8	3.2	3.1	3.2	0.1
Kentucky	76	66	71	79	72	-7	3.8	3.2	3.5	3.9	3.5	-0.4
Louisiana	76	68	83	87	74	-13	3.9	3.5	4.2	4.4	3.8	-0.6
Maine	26	24	24	27	24	-3	4.0	3.7	3.7	4.1	3.7	-0.4
Maryland	87	86	102	94	89	-5	3.2	3.1	3.7	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Massachusetts	100	89	86	94	103	9	2.7	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.8	0.3
Michigan	170	166	161	158	170	12	3.8	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.8	0.3
Minnesota	103	105	101	108	84	-24	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.6	2.8	-0.8
Mississippi	45	43	45	48	44	-4	3.8	3.6	3.8	4.0	3.7	-0.3
Missouri	98	110	98	96	95	-1	3.3	3.6	3.2	3.1	3.1	0.0
Montana	27	24	24	26	26	0	5.2	4.5	4.5	4.9	4.8	-0.1
Nebraska	39	41	34	35	35	0	3.7	3.8	3.2	3.2	3.2	0.0
Nevada	67	57	56	62	62	0	4.3	3.6	3.5	3.9	3.9	0.0
New Hampshire	25	21	25	24	28	4	3.6	2.9	3.5	3.4	3.9	0.5
New Jersey	141	115	128	131	126	-5	3.2	2.6	2.9	3.0	2.9	-0.1
New Mexico	33	28	33	31	34	3	3.8	3.2	3.7	3.5	3.8	0.3
New York	306	267	323	244	248	4	3.1	2.7	3.3	2.5	2.5	0.0
North Carolina	164	134	156	155	163	8	3.3	2.7	3.1	3.1	3.2	0.1
North Dakota	19	18	17	17	17	0	4.3	4.0	3.8	3.8	3.8	0.0
Ohio	195	198	194	202	176	-26	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.6	3.1	-0.5
Oklahoma	67	70	65	79	67	-12	3.8	3.9	3.6	4.4	3.7	-0.7
Oregon	71	71	71	78	72	-6	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.9	3.6	-0.3
Pennsylvania	187	206	197	155	170	15	3.1	3.3	3.2	2.5	2.7	0.2
Rhode Island	20	20	21	22	20	-2	3.9	3.9	4.1	4.3	3.9	-0.4
South Carolina	77	88	98	101	85	-16	3.3	3.7	4.1	4.2	3.5	-0.7
South Dakota	20	18	16	16	17	1	4.3	3.9	3.4	3.4	3.6	0.2
Tennessee	108	126	128	149	127	-22	3.3	3.8	3.8	4.5	3.8	-0.7
Texas	508	482	479	450	407	-43	3.6	3.4	3.4	3.2	2.8	-0.4
Utah	72	66	63	69	66	-3	4.1	3.7	3.6	3.9	3.7	-0.2
Vermont	11	12	12	12	13	1	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.1	0.3
Virginia	143	136	150	147	143	-4	3.4	3.2	3.5	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Washington	115	121	101	108	107	-1	3.2	3.3	2.8	3.0	2.9	-0.1
West Virginia	33	28	27	30	31	1	4.6	3.9	3.8	4.2	4.3	0.1
Wisconsin	105	95	88	96	90	-6	3.5	3.1	2.9	3.2	3.0	-0.2
Wyoming	15	12	13	17	17	0	5.1	4.1	4.4	5.7	5.7	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,516	3,178	3,098	3,283	3,065	-218	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Alabama	54	46	48	52	51	-1	2.5	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.3	0.0
Alaska	13	12	10	13	13	0	3.9	3.5	2.9	3.8	3.8	0.0
Arizona	77	72	65	88	57	-31	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.7	1.7	-1.0
Arkansas	38	28	31	33	30	-3	2.8	2.0	2.3	2.4	2.2	-0.2
California	316	285	274	328	310	-18	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.8	1.7	-0.1
Colorado	68	64	45	77	71	-6	2.3	2.1	1.5	2.6	2.4	-0.2
Connecticut	29	29	32	31	28	-3	1.7	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.6	-0.2
Delaware	12	10	12	11	12	1	2.5	2.0	2.5	2.3	2.5	0.2
District of Columbia	14	13	13	13	13	0	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	0.0
Florida	283	269	250	224	253	29	2.9	2.7	2.5	2.3	2.5	0.2
Georgia	122	105	98	118	111	-7	2.5	2.1	2.0	2.4	2.2	-0.2
Hawaii	13	12	13	12	13	1	2.1	1.9	2.0	1.9	2.0	0.1
Idaho	26	26	21	24	24	0	3.0	3.0	2.4	2.7	2.7	0.0
Illinois	132	138	92	112	100	-12	2.2	2.2	1.5	1.8	1.6	-0.2
Indiana	80	78	87	104	85	-19	2.5	2.4	2.6	3.1	2.6	-0.5
Iowa	38	30	31	34	32	-2	2.4	1.9	1.9	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Kansas	33	34	29	29	26	-3	2.3	2.3	2.0	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Kentucky	53	38	43	50	45	-5	2.6	1.9	2.1	2.4	2.2	-0.2
Louisiana	50	36	50	53	45	-8	2.6	1.8	2.6	2.7	2.3	-0.4
Maine	18	14	14	13	12	-1	2.8	2.1	2.1	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Maryland	55	49	66	55	54	-1	2.0	1.8	2.4	2.0	1.9	-0.1
Massachusetts	52	53	51	49	53	4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	0.1
Michigan	114	100	95	96	85	-11	2.6	2.2	2.1	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Minnesota	74	69	63	63	55	-8	2.5	2.3	2.1	2.1	1.8	-0.3
Mississippi	31	27	30	30	28	-2	2.6	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.3	-0.2
Missouri	70	67	58	65	62	-3	2.3	2.2	1.9	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Montana	17	15	13	16	16	0	3.2	2.8	2.4	3.0	3.0	0.0
Nebraska	27	23	20	23	22	-1	2.6	2.1	1.9	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Nevada	39	33	31	39	36	-3	2.5	2.1	2.0	2.5	2.3	-0.2
New Hampshire	15	12	12	12	11	-1	2.1	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.5	-0.2
New Jersey	72	64	59	62	60	-2	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.4	0.0
New Mexico	21	17	18	19	20	1	2.4	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.2	0.1
New York	182	156	180	164	135	-29	1.9	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.4	-0.3
North Carolina	98	87	90	91	90	-1	2.0	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.8	0.0
North Dakota	12	10	10	12	9	-3	2.7	2.2	2.2	2.7	2.0	-0.7
Ohio	127	115	109	135	116	-19	2.3	2.0	1.9	2.4	2.0	-0.4
Oklahoma	47	44	41	53	43	-10	2.7	2.5	2.3	3.0	2.4	-0.6
Oregon	48	42	39	49	43	-6	2.4	2.1	2.0	2.5	2.2	-0.3
Pennsylvania	124	124	128	91	104	13	2.0	2.0	2.1	1.5	1.7	0.2
Rhode Island	11	11	13	10	9	-1	2.2	2.2	2.5	1.9	1.7	-0.2
South Carolina	54	55	57	62	55	-7	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.6	2.3	-0.3
South Dakota	14	11	11	11	10	-1	3.0	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Tennessee	73	76	80	94	75	-19	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.8	2.2	-0.6
Texas	346	297	294	265	258	-7	2.5	2.1	2.1	1.9	1.8	-0.1
Utah	46	36	35	41	36	-5	2.6	2.0	2.0	2.3	2.0	-0.3
Vermont	7	7	7	6	7	1	2.3	2.2	2.2	1.9	2.2	0.3
Virginia	96	88	92	90	90	0	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	0.0
Washington	71	64	57	66	64	-2	2.0	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	-0.1
West Virginia	22	17	18	19	20	1	3.1	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.8	0.2
Wisconsin	71	59	53	65	55	-10	2.4	1.9	1.7	2.1	1.8	-0.3
Wyoming	9	7	7	11	11	0	3.1	2.4	2.4	3.7	3.7	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,546	1,668	1,802	1,748	1,765	17	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Alabama	24	22	21	24	20	-4	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.1	0.9	-0.2
Alaska	6	5	6	6	7	1	1.8	1.5	1.8	1.8	2.0	0.2
Arizona	42	35	38	38	30	-8	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.2	0.9	-0.3
Arkansas	14	22	16	17	14	-3	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.2	1.0	-0.2
California	185	151	160	195	277	82	1.0	0.8	0.9	1.1	1.5	0.4
Colorado	31	23	31	57	30	-27	1.0	0.8	1.0	1.9	1.0	-0.9
Connecticut	14	15	18	27	23	-4	0.8	0.9	1.1	1.6	1.3	-0.3
Delaware	5	6	6	5	5	0	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.0	0.0
District of Columbia	6	7	6	7	5	-2	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.6	-0.3
Florida	89	86	107	103	84	-19	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	-0.2
Georgia	50	65	67	55	53	-2	1.0	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.1	0.0
Hawaii	7	7	9	6	8	2	1.1	1.1	1.4	0.9	1.2	0.3
Idaho	12	12	16	12	12	0	1.4	1.4	1.8	1.4	1.4	0.0
Illinois	40	77	69	58	62	4	0.7	1.2	1.1	0.9	1.0	0.1
Indiana	38	38	35	36	40	4	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.1
Iowa	14	19	16	14	16	2	0.9	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.1
Kansas	12	18	15	14	17	3	0.8	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.2
Kentucky	18	19	23	24	21	-3	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Louisiana	21	28	29	30	24	-6	1.1	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.2	-0.3
Maine	6	8	8	11	10	-1	0.9	1.2	1.2	1.7	1.5	-0.2
Maryland	26	29	30	31	27	-4	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Massachusetts	35	25	28	36	36	0	0.9	0.7	0.7	1.0	1.0	0.0
Michigan	49	60	58	55	78	23	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.7	0.5
Minnesota	23	22	29	37	24	-13	0.8	0.7	1.0	1.2	0.8	-0.4
Mississippi	12	12	12	15	13	-2	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Missouri	22	31	36	25	27	2	0.7	1.0	1.2	0.8	0.9	0.1
Montana	8	7	9	8	9	1	1.5	1.3	1.7	1.5	1.7	0.2
Nebraska	10	15	12	10	11	1	0.9	1.4	1.1	0.9	1.0	0.1
Nevada	25	20	22	19	23	4	1.6	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.5	0.3
New Hampshire	7	8	10	10	11	1	1.0	1.1	1.4	1.4	1.5	0.1
New Jersey	40	38	63	56	52	-4	0.9	0.9	1.4	1.3	1.2	-0.1
New Mexico	10	8	12	9	11	2	1.1	0.9	1.4	1.0	1.2	0.2
New York	105	96	128	64	104	40	1.1	1.0	1.3	0.6	1.1	0.5
North Carolina	57	41	59	59	61	2	1.1	0.8	1.2	1.2	1.2	0.0
North Dakota	5	6	6	4	6	2	1.1	1.3	1.3	0.9	1.3	0.4
Ohio	57	74	76	56	48	-8	1.0	1.3	1.3	1.0	0.8	-0.2
Oklahoma	17	20	20	23	20	-3	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Oregon	19	22	27	23	25	2	1.0	1.1	1.4	1.2	1.3	0.1
Pennsylvania	47	71	59	56	57	1	0.8	1.1	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.0
Rhode Island	6	7	7	9	9	0	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.8	1.7	-0.1
South Carolina	19	28	37	35	26	-9	0.8	1.2	1.5	1.5	1.1	-0.4
South Dakota	5	6	5	4	5	1	1.1	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.2
Tennessee	28	41	43	48	45	-3	0.9	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.3	-0.1
Texas	138	158	159	167	129	-38	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.9	-0.3
Utah	22	26	24	23	26	3	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5	0.2
Vermont	3	4	4	5	5	0	1.0	1.3	1.3	1.6	1.6	0.0
Virginia	35	36	50	48	40	-8	0.8	0.8	1.2	1.1	0.9	-0.2
Washington	38	51	38	34	36	2	1.1	1.4	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.1
West Virginia	9	9	8	10	8	-2	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.1	-0.3
Wisconsin	28	30	31	26	30	4	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.1
Wyoming	5	4	5	4	5	1	1.7	1.4	1.7	1.3	1.7	0.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	8,395	8,261	7,660	5.0	4.9	4.6
Alabama	115	139	130	5.0	5.9	5.5
Alaska	22	18	20	6.5	5.1	5.7
Arizona	172	201	187	5.0	5.7	5.3
Arkansas	73	79	81	5.1	5.4	5.5
California	729	732	689	3.9	3.9	3.6
Colorado	235	291	158	7.4	8.8	5.0
Connecticut	82	74	70	4.5	4.1	3.9
Delaware	24	30	26	4.7	5.8	4.9
District of Columbia	35	40	36	4.3	4.8	4.4
Florida	526	523	519	5.0	5.0	4.9
Georgia	288	306	297	5.5	5.8	5.6
Hawaii	33	27	30	4.9	4.0	4.5
Idaho	47	60	42	5.2	6.3	4.5
Illinois	370	270	257	5.6	4.2	4.0
Indiana	152	168	163	4.4	4.8	4.7
Iowa	82	88	67	4.8	5.2	4.0
Kansas	81	83	74	5.3	5.3	4.8
Kentucky	111	138	151	5.2	6.3	6.8
Louisiana	104	124	109	5.0	5.9	5.2
Maine	40	40	29	5.8	5.7	4.2
Maryland	159	167	155	5.4	5.7	5.3
Massachusetts	208	186	175	5.3	4.7	4.4
Michigan	265	217	214	5.6	4.6	4.5
Minnesota	181	223	159	5.7	6.8	4.9
Mississippi	69	77	63	5.5	6.0	5.0
Missouri	169	200	183	5.3	6.1	5.6
Montana	34	33	32	6.1	5.7	5.6
Nebraska	56	56	51	5.0	4.9	4.5
Nevada	91	85	78	5.4	5.1	4.7
New Hampshire	38	30	30	5.1	4.0	4.0
New Jersey	209	214	177	4.5	4.6	3.8
New Mexico	57	64	56	6.1	6.7	5.9
New York	424	435	410	4.1	4.2	3.9
North Carolina	270	282	301	5.1	5.3	5.6
North Dakota	26	24	23	5.5	5.1	4.9
Ohio	307	298	290	5.1	4.9	4.8
Oklahoma	100	124	99	5.3	6.4	5.2
Oregon	98	109	94	4.7	5.1	4.5
Pennsylvania	362	230	238	5.5	3.6	3.7
Rhode Island	29	27	24	5.3	4.9	4.4
South Carolina	148	163	137	5.9	6.4	5.4
South Dakota	26	25	22	5.3	5.0	4.5
Tennessee	169	177	152	4.8	5.0	4.3
Texas	798	592	627	5.3	4.0	4.2
Utah	86	101	82	4.7	5.4	4.4
Vermont	16	16	13	4.8	4.7	4.0
Virginia	240	278	276	5.4	6.1	6.0
Washington	168	168	157	4.4	4.4	4.1
West Virginia	48	48	47	6.2	6.2	6.0
Wisconsin	204	165	146	6.3	5.1	4.6
Wyoming	17	16	16	5.5	5.0	5.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,088	5,831	4,787	3.2	3.6	3.0
Alabama	77	88	72	3.5	4.0	3.2
Alaska	11	12	11	3.5	3.6	3.3
Arizona	100	127	100	3.1	3.9	3.0
Arkansas	50	56	41	3.7	4.1	3.0
California	472	571	520	2.6	3.1	2.8
Colorado	108	161	96	3.7	5.3	3.2
Connecticut	49	57	45	2.9	3.3	2.6
Delaware	17	20	15	3.6	4.2	3.0
District of Columbia	19	23	15	2.5	2.9	1.9
Florida	397	362	332	4.0	3.6	3.3
Georgia	189	197	164	3.8	3.9	3.3
Hawaii	18	19	20	2.9	3.0	3.1
Idaho	30	48	30	3.4	5.5	3.4
Illinois	226	209	206	3.7	3.4	3.3
Indiana	119	135	143	3.6	4.1	4.3
Iowa	50	56	52	3.1	3.4	3.2
Kansas	47	51	48	3.2	3.5	3.3
Kentucky	72	75	69	3.5	3.7	3.3
Louisiana	69	101	63	3.5	5.1	3.2
Maine	19	28	18	2.8	4.2	2.8
Maryland	110	107	84	4.0	3.8	3.0
Massachusetts	83	107	98	2.2	2.8	2.6
Michigan	151	167	141	3.4	3.7	3.1
Minnesota	101	134	87	3.3	4.4	2.8
Mississippi	42	52	40	3.6	4.4	3.3
Missouri	91	96	99	3.0	3.1	3.2
Montana	19	24	21	3.7	4.5	4.0
Nebraska	34	38	36	3.2	3.5	3.3
Nevada	54	65	62	3.4	4.1	3.9
New Hampshire	22	23	20	3.1	3.2	2.8
New Jersey	136	144	108	3.1	3.3	2.4
New Mexico	26	36	29	2.9	4.0	3.3
New York	259	295	269	2.6	3.0	2.7
North Carolina	143	209	149	2.9	4.1	2.9
North Dakota	15	15	16	3.4	3.4	3.6
Ohio	164	192	150	2.9	3.4	2.6
Oklahoma	70	95	57	3.9	5.3	3.1
Oregon	58	72	61	2.9	3.6	3.0
Pennsylvania	187	202	185	3.0	3.2	3.0
Rhode Island	17	21	16	3.4	4.1	3.1
South Carolina	82	110	85	3.5	4.6	3.5
South Dakota	16	17	16	3.4	3.5	3.4
Tennessee	102	144	90	3.1	4.3	2.7
Texas	544	590	392	3.8	4.1	2.7
Utah	57	67	59	3.2	3.7	3.3
Vermont	10	12	10	3.2	3.9	3.0
Virginia	147	154	129	3.5	3.6	3.0
Washington	88	106	94	2.4	2.9	2.6
West Virginia	27	31	26	3.7	4.3	3.5
Wisconsin	86	96	89	2.8	3.1	2.9
Wyoming	10	11	12	3.3	3.7	4.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	4,778	5,416	4,475	3.0	3.4	2.8
Alabama	71	85	66	3.2	3.8	3.0
Alaska	25	29	27	7.9	8.7	8.3
Arizona	103	135	74	3.2	4.1	2.2
Arkansas	49	53	40	3.6	3.8	2.9
California	464	541	546	2.6	3.0	3.0
Colorado	96	176	89	3.2	5.8	2.9
Connecticut	44	56	52	2.6	3.2	3.0
Delaware	16	19	16	3.4	3.8	3.3
District of Columbia	18	22	16	2.4	2.9	2.1
Florida	340	322	291	3.4	3.2	2.9
Georgia	146	174	143	2.9	3.5	2.8
Hawaii	16	16	16	2.5	2.5	2.5
Idaho	36	43	35	4.2	4.8	4.0
Illinois	176	184	151	2.8	3.0	2.4
Indiana	114	148	117	3.5	4.5	3.5
Iowa	51	55	44	3.2	3.4	2.7
Kansas	43	44	39	2.9	3.0	2.6
Kentucky	67	77	64	3.3	3.7	3.1
Louisiana	66	87	60	3.3	4.4	3.0
Maine	31	29	31	4.7	4.4	4.8
Maryland	70	101	70	2.5	3.6	2.5
Massachusetts	88	90	93	2.4	2.4	2.5
Michigan	161	167	168	3.6	3.7	3.7
Minnesota	105	113	82	3.5	3.7	2.7
Mississippi	36	49	34	3.0	4.0	2.8
Missouri	82	91	74	2.7	2.9	2.4
Montana	28	29	30	5.4	5.4	5.5
Nebraska	35	36	30	3.3	3.3	2.8
Nevada	64	59	62	4.1	3.7	3.9
New Hampshire	24	24	27	3.4	3.4	3.8
New Jersey	116	133	109	2.7	3.0	2.5
New Mexico	28	30	30	3.2	3.4	3.3
New York	275	243	226	2.8	2.4	2.3
North Carolina	134	166	136	2.7	3.3	2.7
North Dakota	19	17	17	4.4	3.8	3.8
Ohio	177	216	146	3.1	3.8	2.5
Oklahoma	55	84	54	3.1	4.7	3.0
Oregon	67	78	69	3.4	3.9	3.4
Pennsylvania	179	144	160	2.9	2.3	2.6
Rhode Island	19	23	21	3.7	4.5	4.0
South Carolina	63	109	61	2.7	4.6	2.5
South Dakota	20	17	16	4.2	3.6	3.4
Tennessee	81	165	91	2.4	4.9	2.7
Texas	434	446	338	3.1	3.1	2.3
Utah	66	65	62	3.8	3.6	3.5
Vermont	12	11	14	3.8	3.3	4.5
Virginia	118	155	114	2.8	3.6	2.7
Washington	106	119	99	2.9	3.3	2.7
West Virginia	30	32	28	4.1	4.4	3.9
Wisconsin	95	89	75	3.1	2.9	2.4
Wyoming	19	19	22	6.4	6.4	7.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,004	3,394	2,511	1.9	2.1	1.6
Alabama	46	58	43	2.1	2.6	1.9
Alaska	15	18	15	4.6	5.5	4.5
Arizona	62	89	44	1.9	2.7	1.3
Arkansas	33	34	24	2.4	2.5	1.8
California	281	333	280	1.6	1.8	1.5
Colorado	52	85	52	1.7	2.8	1.7
Connecticut	25	27	23	1.5	1.5	1.3
Delaware	11	13	10	2.2	2.6	2.1
District of Columbia	11	14	10	1.5	1.7	1.3
Florida	250	212	218	2.5	2.1	2.2
Georgia	95	117	85	1.9	2.3	1.7
Hawaii	9	10	9	1.5	1.6	1.3
Idaho	22	26	19	2.6	3.0	2.2
Illinois	119	126	79	1.9	2.0	1.3
Indiana	71	110	74	2.2	3.3	2.2
Iowa	34	37	26	2.1	2.3	1.6
Kansas	29	28	21	1.9	1.9	1.4
Kentucky	45	48	37	2.2	2.3	1.8
Louisiana	44	54	37	2.2	2.7	1.9
Maine	18	15	13	2.8	2.3	1.9
Maryland	45	59	42	1.6	2.1	1.5
Massachusetts	44	49	45	1.2	1.3	1.2
Michigan	100	104	71	2.2	2.3	1.6
Minnesota	69	67	49	2.3	2.2	1.6
Mississippi	24	33	21	2.0	2.7	1.7
Missouri	58	64	47	1.9	2.1	1.5
Montana	17	18	15	3.2	3.4	2.9
Nebraska	23	23	18	2.1	2.1	1.6
Nevada	35	38	31	2.2	2.4	1.9
New Hampshire	13	12	10	1.9	1.7	1.3
New Jersey	59	68	47	1.3	1.5	1.1
New Mexico	17	18	17	2.0	2.1	1.8
New York	156	160	111	1.6	1.6	1.1
North Carolina	79	108	69	1.6	2.1	1.4
North Dakota	12	12	9	2.8	2.6	1.9
Ohio	104	142	90	1.8	2.5	1.6
Oklahoma	39	58	35	2.2	3.2	1.9
Oregon	42	50	36	2.1	2.5	1.8
Pennsylvania	107	93	89	1.7	1.5	1.4
Rhode Island	10	11	8	2.0	2.0	1.5
South Carolina	43	67	38	1.8	2.8	1.6
South Dakota	13	11	9	2.8	2.4	1.9
Tennessee	54	107	49	1.6	3.2	1.5
Texas	292	270	207	2.1	1.9	1.4
Utah	39	38	29	2.2	2.1	1.6
Vermont	6	5	6	2.1	1.6	2.0
Virginia	78	97	70	1.8	2.3	1.6
Washington	59	72	50	1.6	2.0	1.4
West Virginia	20	19	18	2.7	2.6	2.5
Wisconsin	63	59	44	2.1	1.9	1.4
Wyoming	11	12	13	3.8	4.2	4.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,472	1,774	1,705	0.9	1.1	1.1
Alabama	21	22	17	1.0	1.0	0.8
Alaska	9	9	11	2.8	2.7	3.4
Arizona	37	40	26	1.1	1.2	0.8
Arkansas	13	16	12	1.0	1.2	0.9
California	151	196	251	0.8	1.1	1.4
Colorado	31	83	32	1.1	2.7	1.1
Connecticut	14	27	24	0.8	1.5	1.4
Delaware	5	5	4	1.0	1.1	0.9
District of Columbia	5	7	5	0.6	0.9	0.6
Florida	72	98	65	0.7	1.0	0.6
Georgia	42	51	45	0.9	1.0	0.9
Hawaii	5	5	7	0.9	0.8	1.1
Idaho	13	14	14	1.5	1.6	1.5
Illinois	49	54	67	0.8	0.9	1.1
Indiana	39	34	40	1.2	1.0	1.2
Iowa	15	15	16	0.9	0.9	1.0
Kansas	11	14	16	0.8	0.9	1.1
Kentucky	18	24	22	0.9	1.2	1.1
Louisiana	18	29	19	0.9	1.5	1.0
Maine	9	12	15	1.4	1.8	2.3
Maryland	21	34	22	0.8	1.2	0.8
Massachusetts	36	34	37	1.0	0.9	1.0
Michigan	56	59	94	1.3	1.3	2.1
Minnesota	30	39	30	1.0	1.3	1.0
Mississippi	10	14	10	0.8	1.2	0.9
Missouri	21	23	23	0.7	0.8	0.8
Montana	10	10	12	2.0	1.8	2.3
Nebraska	11	11	11	1.0	1.0	1.0
Nevada	28	19	28	1.7	1.2	1.8
New Hampshire	8	11	12	1.2	1.5	1.7
New Jersey	36	50	47	0.8	1.1	1.1
New Mexico	9	9	11	1.0	1.0	1.2
New York	100	71	105	1.0	0.7	1.1
North Carolina	48	51	57	1.0	1.0	1.1
North Dakota	6	4	8	1.4	1.0	1.7
Ohio	64	66	47	1.1	1.1	0.8
Oklahoma	14	23	16	0.8	1.3	0.9
Oregon	22	23	28	1.1	1.2	1.4
Pennsylvania	52	45	61	0.8	0.7	1.0
Rhode Island	7	9	10	1.3	1.8	1.9
South Carolina	16	38	19	0.7	1.6	0.8
South Dakota	6	5	6	1.2	1.0	1.3
Tennessee	22	52	36	0.7	1.5	1.1
Texas	120	158	114	0.8	1.1	0.8
Utah	23	24	29	1.3	1.3	1.7
Vermont	4	5	6	1.3	1.4	2.0
Virginia	30	51	33	0.7	1.2	0.8
Washington	42	39	41	1.2	1.1	1.1
West Virginia	8	11	8	1.2	1.5	1.1
Wisconsin	27	25	26	0.9	0.8	0.9
Wyoming	6	6	7	2.2	1.9	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary