State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, January 18, 2024  USDL-24-0067
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2023

Job openings rates decreased in 4 states and increased in 2 states on the last business day of November, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates decreased in 5 states and increased in 1 
state. Total separations rates decreased in 9 states and increased in 3 states. Nationally, the job openings, 
hires, and total separations rates showed little or no change in November. 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In November, job openings rates decreased in 4 states, increased in 2 states, and were little changed in 
44 states and the District of Columbia. The decreases in job openings rates occurred in Mississippi  
(-1.3 percentage points), and in Florida, Georgia, and Tennessee (-0.6 point each). The increases 
occurred in Illinois (+1.0 point) and Colorado (+0.7 point). Over the month, the national job openings 
rate was unchanged. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings decreased in 5 states, increased in 4 states, and was little changed in 41 
states and the District of Columbia in November. The largest decreases in the job openings level 
occurred in Florida (-66,000), Georgia (-36,000), and Tennessee (-22,000). The largest increases 
occurred in Texas (+67,000), Illinois (+65,000), and Colorado (+21,000). Nationally, the number of job 
openings changed little. (See table 1.)

Hires

In November, hires rates decreased in 5 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 44 states 
and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in the hires rate occurred in Montana  
(-1.0 percentage point), as well as in Arizona and Oregon (-0.7 point each). The increase occurred in 
Alaska (+0.9 point). The national hires rate changed little over the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires decreased in 6 states, increased in 1 state, and was little changed in 43 states and 
the District of Columbia in November. The largest decreases in the hires level occurred in California  
(-117,000), Arizona (-21,000), and Oregon (-16,000). The increase occurred in Alaska (+3,000). 
Nationally, the number of hires decreased over the month (-363,000). (See table 2.)

Total Separations

In November, total separations rates decreased in 9 states, increased in 3 states, and were little 
changed in 38 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in total separations rates 
occurred in Louisiana (-1.2 percentage points), as well as in Maine and New Jersey (-1.1 points each). 
The increases occurred in South Dakota (+1.3 points), North Dakota (+1.2 points), and Washington 
(+0.6 point). Over the month, the national total separations rate changed little. (See table 3.)

The number of total separations decreased in 11 states, increased in 4 states, and was little changed in 
35 states and the District of Columbia in November. The largest decreases in the total separations level 
occurred in Pennsylvania (-60,000), New Jersey (-47,000), and North Carolina (-45,000). The largest 
increases occurred in Washington (+21,000), as well as in Idaho and South Dakota (+6,000 each). 
Nationally, the number of total separations decreased over the month (-292,000). (See table 3.)
 
Quits

In November, quits rates decreased in 5 states, increased in 2 states, and were little changed in 43 states 
and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in quits rates occurred in North Carolina and 
Tennessee (-0.9 percentage point each) and in Maryland (-0.5 point). The increases occurred in South 
Dakota (+1.0 point) and Michigan (+0.4 point). Over the month, the national quits rate changed little. 
(See table 4.)

The number of quits decreased in 5 states, increased in 3 states, and was little changed in 42 states and 
the District of Columbia in November. The largest decreases in the quits level occurred in North 
Carolina (-43,000), Tennessee (-28,000), and Georgia (-21,000). The increases occurred in Kansas 
(+7,000), Idaho (+6,000), and South Dakota (+5,000). Nationally, the number of quits edged down over 
the month. (See table 4.)
 
Layoffs and Discharges 

In November, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 7 states, increased in 1 state, and were little 
changed in 42 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in layoffs and discharges rates 
occurred in Maine (-1.4 percentage points) and New Jersey (-1.1 points), as well as in New Hampshire 
and Pennsylvania (-0.7 point each). The increase occurred in Indiana (+0.4 point). Over the month, the 
national layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged. (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 10 states, increased in 1 state, and was little 
changed in 39 states and the District of Columbia in November. The largest decreases in the layoffs and 
discharges level occurred in New Jersey (-48,000), Pennsylvania (-45,000), and Louisiana (-10,000). 
The increase occurred in Indiana (+13,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little 
changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  
	
_______________
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for December 2023 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, February 14, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component ofthe Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	10,746	9,497	9,350	8,852	8,790	-62	6.5	5.7	5.6	5.3	5.3	0.0
Alabama	155	137	138	122	117	-5	6.8	6.0	6.0	5.4	5.1	-0.3
Alaska	32	32	26	25	27	2	9.0	8.9	7.4	7.1	7.6	0.5
Arizona	229	192	193	184	191	7	6.8	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.7	0.2
Arkansas	99	90	88	81	77	-4	6.9	6.2	6.1	5.6	5.4	-0.2
California	1,232	961	867	800	775	-25	6.4	5.0	4.6	4.2	4.1	-0.1
Colorado	217	197	202	211	232	21	7.0	6.3	6.5	6.7	7.4	0.7
Connecticut	115	96	102	88	85	-3	6.4	5.4	5.7	4.9	4.8	-0.1
Delaware	36	33	33	30	28	-2	7.0	6.4	6.3	5.8	5.4	-0.4
District of Columbia	45	39	43	37	37	0	5.5	4.8	5.2	4.5	4.5	0.0
Florida	678	616	606	590	524	-66	6.6	5.9	5.8	5.7	5.1	-0.6
Georgia	416	333	353	333	297	-36	7.9	6.3	6.7	6.3	5.7	-0.6
Hawaii	34	35	32	30	30	0	5.1	5.2	4.8	4.5	4.5	0.0
Idaho	65	54	55	56	54	-2	7.2	5.9	6.0	6.1	5.9	-0.2
Illinois	411	428	371	326	391	65	6.3	6.5	5.7	5.0	6.0	1.0
Indiana	213	170	168	165	165	0	6.2	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.8	0.0
Iowa	116	90	83	90	88	-2	6.8	5.4	5.0	5.4	5.2	-0.2
Kansas	95	88	81	79	86	7	6.2	5.7	5.3	5.2	5.6	0.4
Kentucky	158	126	131	118	112	-6	7.4	5.9	6.1	5.5	5.2	-0.3
Louisiana	166	140	148	122	112	-10	7.9	6.6	7.0	5.8	5.4	-0.4
Maine	43	42	45	44	44	0	6.2	6.1	6.5	6.3	6.3	0.0
Maryland	200	180	183	173	172	-1	6.9	6.1	6.2	5.9	5.9	0.0
Massachusetts	250	251	255	239	226	-13	6.3	6.2	6.3	5.9	5.6	-0.3
Michigan	289	242	242	234	252	18	6.2	5.2	5.2	5.0	5.4	0.4
Minnesota	193	203	201	192	209	17	6.1	6.4	6.3	6.0	6.5	0.5
Mississippi	91	82	83	88	71	-17	7.2	6.6	6.6	7.0	5.7	-1.3
Missouri	200	182	180	176	173	-3	6.3	5.7	5.7	5.6	5.5	-0.1
Montana	42	36	36	36	36	0	7.6	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.4	-0.1
Nebraska	66	62	59	55	61	6	6.0	5.6	5.3	5.0	5.5	0.5
Nevada	100	97	99	88	91	3	6.2	5.9	5.9	5.3	5.5	0.2
New Hampshire	50	44	44	41	38	-3	6.7	5.9	5.9	5.5	5.1	-0.4
New Jersey	221	220	228	215	219	4	4.9	4.8	5.0	4.7	4.8	0.1
New Mexico	69	61	57	56	60	4	7.5	6.6	6.1	6.0	6.4	0.4
New York	460	461	466	457	454	-3	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.5	0.0
North Carolina	372	341	312	290	283	-7	7.1	6.5	5.9	5.5	5.4	-0.1
North Dakota	31	29	28	28	29	1	6.7	6.2	6.0	6.0	6.2	0.2
Ohio	361	352	354	338	328	-10	6.1	5.9	5.9	5.6	5.5	-0.1
Oklahoma	132	115	113	105	103	-2	7.1	6.2	6.1	5.7	5.6	-0.1
Oregon	137	114	116	112	108	-4	6.5	5.4	5.5	5.3	5.1	-0.2
Pennsylvania	450	386	380	390	380	-10	6.9	5.9	5.8	5.9	5.8	-0.1
Rhode Island	34	31	31	31	29	-2	6.4	5.9	5.9	5.9	5.5	-0.4
South Carolina	182	170	172	164	161	-3	7.4	6.9	6.9	6.6	6.5	-0.1
South Dakota	28	30	28	27	29	2	5.8	6.1	5.7	5.5	5.8	0.3
Tennessee	266	235	293	215	193	-22	7.5	6.6	8.1	6.1	5.5	-0.6
Texas	926	809	795	742	809	67	6.3	5.5	5.4	5.0	5.4	0.4
Utah	114	121	102	97	87	-10	6.3	6.5	5.6	5.3	4.8	-0.5
Vermont	23	18	20	19	19	0	7.0	5.6	6.1	5.8	5.8	0.0
Virginia	334	264	260	259	249	-10	7.5	6.0	5.9	5.9	5.6	-0.3
Washington	215	184	170	172	172	0	5.7	4.8	4.5	4.5	4.5	0.0
West Virginia	64	53	54	53	50	-3	8.3	7.0	7.1	7.0	6.6	-0.4
Wisconsin	268	211	206	211	212	1	8.2	6.6	6.4	6.5	6.6	0.1
Wyoming	22	19	19	19	19	0	7.1	6.1	6.1	6.1	6.0	-0.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,253	5,850	5,904	5,828	5,465	-363	4.1	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Alabama	101	94	92	79	83	4	4.7	4.4	4.3	3.7	3.8	0.1
Alaska	21	19	18	17	20	3	6.5	5.8	5.5	5.2	6.1	0.9
Arizona	150	130	130	138	117	-21	4.8	4.1	4.1	4.4	3.7	-0.7
Arkansas	66	59	59	55	52	-3	4.9	4.3	4.3	4.0	3.8	-0.2
California	637	528	560	550	433	-117	3.6	2.9	3.1	3.0	2.4	-0.6
Colorado	128	100	117	130	127	-3	4.4	3.4	4.0	4.5	4.4	-0.1
Connecticut	60	62	59	63	53	-10	3.6	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.1	-0.6
Delaware	26	24	25	24	23	-1	5.5	5.0	5.1	4.9	4.7	-0.2
District of Columbia	26	24	24	23	24	1	3.4	3.1	3.1	3.0	3.1	0.1
Florida	362	390	427	396	398	2	3.8	4.0	4.4	4.0	4.0	0.0
Georgia	235	224	214	224	226	2	4.8	4.5	4.3	4.5	4.6	0.1
Hawaii	22	22	21	21	17	-4	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.3	2.7	-0.6
Idaho	45	33	38	38	35	-3	5.4	3.9	4.4	4.4	4.1	-0.3
Illinois	237	222	197	225	222	-3	3.9	3.6	3.2	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Indiana	145	125	122	138	119	-19	4.5	3.8	3.7	4.2	3.6	-0.6
Iowa	67	54	52	62	54	-8	4.2	3.4	3.3	3.9	3.4	-0.5
Kansas	56	54	49	51	51	0	3.9	3.7	3.4	3.5	3.5	0.0
Kentucky	95	96	104	76	74	-2	4.8	4.7	5.1	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Louisiana	92	103	108	86	83	-3	4.8	5.2	5.5	4.4	4.2	-0.2
Maine	28	26	26	25	23	-2	4.3	4.0	4.0	3.8	3.5	-0.3
Maryland	119	105	109	107	111	4	4.4	3.8	3.9	3.9	4.0	0.1
Massachusetts	122	127	125	112	103	-9	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.0	2.7	-0.3
Michigan	172	153	142	151	148	-3	3.9	3.4	3.2	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Minnesota	110	95	111	110	111	1	3.7	3.2	3.7	3.7	3.7	0.0
Mississippi	57	49	53	52	50	-2	4.9	4.2	4.5	4.4	4.3	-0.1
Missouri	109	100	110	110	98	-12	3.7	3.4	3.7	3.7	3.3	-0.4
Montana	30	24	25	28	23	-5	5.8	4.6	4.8	5.4	4.4	-1.0
Nebraska	41	38	38	37	37	0	4.0	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.5	0.0
Nevada	71	58	62	64	54	-10	4.7	3.7	4.0	4.1	3.4	-0.7
New Hampshire	29	30	29	28	27	-1	4.2	4.3	4.1	4.0	3.8	-0.2
New Jersey	150	170	163	152	161	9	3.5	3.9	3.8	3.5	3.7	0.2
New Mexico	38	33	34	35	31	-4	4.4	3.8	3.9	4.0	3.5	-0.5
New York	300	282	274	282	286	4	3.1	2.9	2.8	2.9	2.9	0.0
North Carolina	218	202	194	174	163	-11	4.5	4.1	3.9	3.5	3.3	-0.2
North Dakota	21	17	18	18	18	0	4.9	3.9	4.1	4.1	4.1	0.0
Ohio	215	214	231	204	181	-23	3.9	3.8	4.1	3.6	3.2	-0.4
Oklahoma	85	81	85	81	72	-9	4.9	4.7	4.9	4.7	4.1	-0.6
Oregon	80	73	76	79	63	-16	4.1	3.6	3.8	3.9	3.2	-0.7
Pennsylvania	189	203	220	193	196	3	3.1	3.3	3.6	3.1	3.2	0.1
Rhode Island	20	21	21	21	19	-2	4.0	4.2	4.2	4.2	3.8	-0.4
South Carolina	109	107	105	106	94	-12	4.8	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.0	-0.6
South Dakota	20	18	18	19	18	-1	4.4	3.9	3.9	4.1	3.8	-0.3
Tennessee	163	150	159	140	126	-14	5.0	4.5	4.8	4.2	3.8	-0.4
Texas	628	625	550	579	555	-24	4.6	4.5	3.9	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Utah	72	59	69	73	60	-13	4.2	3.4	4.0	4.2	3.5	-0.7
Vermont	14	13	13	13	13	0	4.6	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	0.0
Virginia	181	154	173	167	165	-2	4.4	3.7	4.2	4.0	4.0	0.0
Washington	133	111	112	117	104	-13	3.7	3.1	3.1	3.2	2.9	-0.3
West Virginia	35	33	34	33	29	-4	5.0	4.7	4.8	4.7	4.1	-0.6
Wisconsin	109	109	96	108	103	-5	3.6	3.6	3.2	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Wyoming	15	12	13	13	12	-1	5.2	4.1	4.4	4.4	4.1	-0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,945	5,687	5,595	5,632	5,340	-292	3.9	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Alabama	96	95	86	85	83	-2	4.5	4.4	4.0	3.9	3.8	-0.1
Alaska	23	25	18	17	17	0	7.1	7.6	5.5	5.2	5.2	0.0
Arizona	138	135	135	133	139	6	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.4	0.2
Arkansas	59	56	56	52	50	-2	4.4	4.1	4.1	3.8	3.7	-0.1
California	698	457	520	494	503	9	3.9	2.5	2.9	2.7	2.8	0.1
Colorado	157	120	100	118	123	5	5.4	4.1	3.4	4.0	4.2	0.2
Connecticut	56	48	51	59	50	-9	3.3	2.8	3.0	3.5	2.9	-0.6
Delaware	23	22	24	24	20	-4	4.8	4.5	4.9	4.9	4.1	-0.8
District of Columbia	24	24	23	24	23	-1	3.1	3.1	2.9	3.1	3.0	-0.1
Florida	375	348	391	381	378	-3	3.9	3.6	4.0	3.9	3.8	-0.1
Georgia	237	201	202	204	183	-21	4.9	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.7	-0.4
Hawaii	24	22	23	18	19	1	3.8	3.5	3.6	2.8	3.0	0.2
Idaho	45	42	43	37	43	6	5.4	4.9	5.0	4.3	5.0	0.7
Illinois	236	231	185	194	176	-18	3.9	3.8	3.0	3.2	2.9	-0.3
Indiana	137	127	129	125	139	14	4.2	3.9	3.9	3.8	4.2	0.4
Iowa	59	67	54	55	58	3	3.7	4.2	3.4	3.5	3.6	0.1
Kansas	52	57	56	46	54	8	3.6	3.9	3.9	3.2	3.7	0.5
Kentucky	85	84	88	77	75	-2	4.3	4.1	4.3	3.8	3.7	-0.1
Louisiana	90	102	100	96	73	-23	4.7	5.2	5.1	4.9	3.7	-1.2
Maine	25	20	25	33	26	-7	3.9	3.1	3.9	5.1	4.0	-1.1
Maryland	117	107	107	110	89	-21	4.3	3.9	3.9	4.0	3.2	-0.8
Massachusetts	100	83	82	113	95	-18	2.7	2.2	2.2	3.0	2.5	-0.5
Michigan	145	153	146	138	157	19	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.1	3.5	0.4
Minnesota	100	111	119	96	106	10	3.4	3.7	4.0	3.2	3.5	0.3
Mississippi	53	53	54	52	47	-5	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.4	4.0	-0.4
Missouri	97	114	114	106	101	-5	3.3	3.8	3.8	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Montana	33	28	30	30	29	-1	6.4	5.4	5.8	5.8	5.6	-0.2
Nebraska	36	46	38	33	39	6	3.5	4.4	3.6	3.2	3.7	0.5
Nevada	74	65	60	59	64	5	4.9	4.2	3.8	3.8	4.1	0.3
New Hampshire	26	25	27	31	24	-7	3.7	3.6	3.8	4.4	3.4	-1.0
New Jersey	137	118	129	183	136	-47	3.2	2.7	3.0	4.2	3.1	-1.1
New Mexico	37	34	35	33	34	1	4.3	3.9	4.0	3.8	3.9	0.1
New York	252	257	260	299	284	-15	2.6	2.6	2.7	3.1	2.9	-0.2
North Carolina	195	222	202	205	160	-45	4.0	4.5	4.1	4.2	3.2	-1.0
North Dakota	17	22	18	15	20	5	3.9	5.0	4.1	3.4	4.6	1.2
Ohio	190	221	202	201	188	-13	3.4	3.9	3.6	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Oklahoma	74	71	70	73	63	-10	4.3	4.1	4.0	4.2	3.6	-0.6
Oregon	91	79	79	77	77	0	4.6	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.9	0.1
Pennsylvania	172	172	177	234	174	-60	2.8	2.8	2.9	3.8	2.8	-1.0
Rhode Island	18	17	19	22	19	-3	3.6	3.4	3.8	4.4	3.8	-0.6
South Carolina	94	109	113	101	80	-21	4.2	4.7	4.9	4.4	3.4	-1.0
South Dakota	18	20	19	17	23	6	3.9	4.3	4.1	3.6	4.9	1.3
Tennessee	152	142	142	150	126	-24	4.6	4.3	4.3	4.5	3.8	-0.7
Texas	547	574	524	497	477	-20	4.0	4.1	3.7	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Utah	74	81	73	65	72	7	4.4	4.7	4.2	3.8	4.2	0.4
Vermont	11	12	12	14	12	-2	3.6	3.9	3.9	4.6	3.9	-0.7
Virginia	159	158	147	156	142	-14	3.9	3.8	3.5	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Washington	142	136	123	98	119	21	4.0	3.7	3.4	2.7	3.3	0.6
West Virginia	33	35	35	33	29	-4	4.7	5.0	5.0	4.7	4.1	-0.6
Wisconsin	96	121	109	101	111	10	3.2	4.0	3.6	3.3	3.7	0.4
Wyoming	18	16	15	14	15	1	6.3	5.5	5.1	4.8	5.1	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	4,148	3,663	3,646	3,628	3,471	-157	2.7	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Alabama	70	65	56	58	54	-4	3.3	3.0	2.6	2.7	2.5	-0.2
Alaska	15	13	11	10	11	1	4.6	4.0	3.4	3.1	3.4	0.3
Arizona	94	86	93	87	87	0	3.0	2.7	2.9	2.7	2.7	0.0
Arkansas	42	39	37	35	33	-2	3.1	2.9	2.7	2.6	2.4	-0.2
California	516	275	316	311	289	-22	2.9	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.6	-0.1
Colorado	94	88	65	68	74	6	3.3	3.0	2.2	2.3	2.5	0.2
Connecticut	33	23	33	29	30	1	2.0	1.4	1.9	1.7	1.8	0.1
Delaware	17	15	16	15	13	-2	3.6	3.1	3.3	3.1	2.7	-0.4
District of Columbia	15	16	15	15	14	-1	1.9	2.1	1.9	1.9	1.8	-0.1
Florida	268	239	283	268	275	7	2.8	2.4	2.9	2.7	2.8	0.1
Georgia	174	133	140	139	118	-21	3.6	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.4	-0.4
Hawaii	16	14	13	11	12	1	2.5	2.2	2.1	1.7	1.9	0.2
Idaho	31	26	28	22	28	6	3.7	3.0	3.3	2.6	3.2	0.6
Illinois	130	118	124	138	133	-5	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.2	2.2	0.0
Indiana	97	88	85	88	87	-1	3.0	2.7	2.6	2.7	2.6	-0.1
Iowa	43	44	34	37	40	3	2.7	2.8	2.1	2.3	2.5	0.2
Kansas	36	38	33	30	37	7	2.5	2.6	2.3	2.1	2.5	0.4
Kentucky	62	59	60	54	52	-2	3.1	2.9	3.0	2.7	2.6	-0.1
Louisiana	65	72	65	60	51	-9	3.4	3.7	3.3	3.0	2.6	-0.4
Maine	16	11	14	15	18	3	2.5	1.7	2.2	2.3	2.7	0.4
Maryland	83	71	69	69	56	-13	3.1	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.0	-0.5
Massachusetts	67	46	55	59	54	-5	1.8	1.2	1.5	1.6	1.4	-0.2
Michigan	97	92	92	90	105	15	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.4	0.4
Minnesota	75	68	65	68	75	7	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.5	0.2
Mississippi	38	37	35	36	32	-4	3.2	3.2	3.0	3.1	2.7	-0.4
Missouri	70	75	67	73	70	-3	2.4	2.5	2.2	2.4	2.3	-0.1
Montana	23	17	18	17	18	1	4.5	3.3	3.5	3.3	3.4	0.1
Nebraska	24	30	24	22	26	4	2.3	2.9	2.3	2.1	2.5	0.4
Nevada	49	42	40	38	39	1	3.2	2.7	2.6	2.4	2.5	0.1
New Hampshire	14	13	15	17	15	-2	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.4	2.1	-0.3
New Jersey	80	70	85	88	74	-14	1.9	1.6	2.0	2.0	1.7	-0.3
New Mexico	24	22	23	22	22	0	2.8	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.5	0.0
New York	161	127	148	161	163	2	1.7	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.7	0.0
North Carolina	135	141	133	134	91	-43	2.8	2.9	2.7	2.7	1.8	-0.9
North Dakota	11	14	12	11	13	2	2.6	3.2	2.7	2.5	3.0	0.5
Ohio	136	150	117	131	132	1	2.4	2.7	2.1	2.3	2.3	0.0
Oklahoma	56	46	46	50	43	-7	3.3	2.7	2.7	2.9	2.5	-0.4
Oregon	64	48	50	49	52	3	3.2	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.6	0.2
Pennsylvania	114	112	121	129	117	-12	1.9	1.8	2.0	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Rhode Island	12	9	11	11	11	0	2.4	1.8	2.2	2.2	2.2	0.0
South Carolina	70	76	75	65	56	-9	3.1	3.3	3.2	2.8	2.4	-0.4
South Dakota	13	13	12	11	16	5	2.8	2.8	2.6	2.4	3.4	1.0
Tennessee	109	101	96	108	80	-28	3.3	3.0	2.9	3.3	2.4	-0.9
Texas	422	425	383	363	331	-32	3.1	3.0	2.7	2.6	2.3	-0.3
Utah	53	56	47	43	46	3	3.1	3.2	2.7	2.5	2.7	0.2
Vermont	7	7	7	7	7	0	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
Virginia	111	108	101	103	95	-8	2.7	2.6	2.4	2.5	2.3	-0.2
Washington	94	76	74	61	72	11	2.6	2.1	2.0	1.7	2.0	0.3
West Virginia	24	24	23	22	19	-3	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.1	2.7	-0.4
Wisconsin	66	73	72	71	76	5	2.2	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.5	0.1
Wyoming	12	10	10	9	10	1	4.2	3.4	3.4	3.1	3.4	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Aug. 2023	Sept. 2023	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Change from: Oct. 2023 - Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,485	1,682	1,610	1,643	1,527	-116	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0
Alabama	22	24	25	22	24	2	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.1	0.1
Alaska	6	10	6	5	5	0	1.8	3.1	1.8	1.5	1.5	0.0
Arizona	36	43	33	38	45	7	1.2	1.4	1.0	1.2	1.4	0.2
Arkansas	15	14	17	14	13	-1	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.0	0.0
California	137	150	162	158	182	24	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Colorado	55	27	27	41	38	-3	1.9	0.9	0.9	1.4	1.3	-0.1
Connecticut	18	20	12	25	16	-9	1.1	1.2	0.7	1.5	0.9	-0.6
Delaware	5	6	7	7	6	-1	1.0	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.2	-0.2
District of Columbia	7	6	7	6	6	0	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.0
Florida	91	80	89	94	85	-9	0.9	0.8	0.9	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Georgia	52	57	49	45	52	7	1.1	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.1
Hawaii	6	6	7	6	6	0	1.0	0.9	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.0
Idaho	12	12	11	12	13	1	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.5	0.1
Illinois	100	103	52	50	36	-14	1.6	1.7	0.8	0.8	0.6	-0.2
Indiana	35	35	33	32	45	13	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.4	0.4
Iowa	12	20	17	15	14	-1	0.8	1.3	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.0
Kansas	14	18	20	13	13	0	1.0	1.2	1.4	0.9	0.9	0.0
Kentucky	20	20	24	18	18	0	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.9	0.9	0.0
Louisiana	22	25	30	28	18	-10	1.1	1.3	1.5	1.4	0.9	-0.5
Maine	6	6	7	15	6	-9	0.9	0.9	1.1	2.3	0.9	-1.4
Maryland	28	28	32	31	25	-6	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.1	0.9	-0.2
Massachusetts	26	25	18	43	32	-11	0.7	0.7	0.5	1.1	0.8	-0.3
Michigan	42	56	48	41	44	3	1.0	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.0	0.1
Minnesota	21	39	48	22	24	2	0.7	1.3	1.6	0.7	0.8	0.1
Mississippi	13	13	17	12	11	-1	1.1	1.1	1.4	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Missouri	22	33	41	27	24	-3	0.7	1.1	1.4	0.9	0.8	-0.1
Montana	9	9	8	12	9	-3	1.8	1.7	1.5	2.3	1.7	-0.6
Nebraska	10	14	12	8	11	3	1.0	1.3	1.1	0.8	1.0	0.2
Nevada	21	19	16	17	21	4	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.1	1.3	0.2
New Hampshire	11	9	8	11	6	-5	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.6	0.9	-0.7
New Jersey	49	35	33	84	36	-48	1.1	0.8	0.8	1.9	0.8	-1.1
New Mexico	10	10	9	9	9	0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0
New York	81	112	94	118	103	-15	0.8	1.2	1.0	1.2	1.1	-0.1
North Carolina	49	68	64	52	56	4	1.0	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.1	0.0
North Dakota	5	7	6	4	5	1	1.2	1.6	1.4	0.9	1.1	0.2
Ohio	38	65	74	58	46	-12	0.7	1.2	1.3	1.0	0.8	-0.2
Oklahoma	14	21	21	17	16	-1	0.8	1.2	1.2	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Oregon	19	24	22	23	21	-2	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Pennsylvania	39	48	46	92	47	-45	0.6	0.8	0.7	1.5	0.8	-0.7
Rhode Island	5	7	6	9	6	-3	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.8	1.2	-0.6
South Carolina	20	28	35	29	20	-9	0.9	1.2	1.5	1.3	0.9	-0.4
South Dakota	4	6	6	4	5	1	0.9	1.3	1.3	0.9	1.1	0.2
Tennessee	37	34	42	35	38	3	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.1	1.1	0.0
Texas	108	126	123	111	129	18	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.1
Utah	18	21	20	18	23	5	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.3	0.3
Vermont	3	3	3	5	3	-2	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	1.0	-0.6
Virginia	39	40	42	42	35	-7	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.8	-0.2
Washington	40	45	39	31	41	10	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.2
West Virginia	7	9	10	8	8	0	1.0	1.3	1.4	1.1	1.1	0.0
Wisconsin	25	42	32	25	28	3	0.8	1.4	1.1	0.8	0.9	0.1
Wyoming	4	5	4	4	4	0	1.4	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.4	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	10,031	9,315	8,140	6.1	5.6	4.9
Alabama	147	128	108	6.4	5.6	4.7
Alaska	24	19	21	7.1	5.4	6.3
Arizona	223	212	185	6.6	6.2	5.4
Arkansas	90	81	64	6.2	5.6	4.5
California	1,208	877	734	6.3	4.6	3.9
Colorado	198	230	219	6.4	7.3	7.0
Connecticut	112	88	80	6.2	4.9	4.5
Delaware	32	34	24	6.2	6.5	4.7
District of Columbia	40	40	32	4.9	4.8	3.9
Florida	655	626	500	6.3	6.0	4.8
Georgia	393	349	279	7.4	6.6	5.3
Hawaii	34	30	29	5.2	4.5	4.3
Idaho	62	59	50	6.9	6.3	5.5
Illinois	362	328	354	5.6	5.0	5.4
Indiana	203	175	158	5.9	5.0	4.5
Iowa	107	103	83	6.3	6.1	4.9
Kansas	88	84	82	5.7	5.4	5.3
Kentucky	156	121	106	7.2	5.6	4.9
Louisiana	146	135	98	7.0	6.4	4.7
Maine	39	43	41	5.7	6.1	5.8
Maryland	175	181	146	6.0	6.1	5.0
Massachusetts	235	249	204	5.9	6.1	5.1
Michigan	271	230	246	5.8	4.9	5.2
Minnesota	174	202	188	5.5	6.3	5.8
Mississippi	79	91	62	6.3	7.1	5.0
Missouri	188	181	164	5.9	5.7	5.1
Montana	39	39	34	7.1	6.9	6.0
Nebraska	60	57	56	5.4	5.1	5.1
Nevada	97	95	87	5.9	5.7	5.2
New Hampshire	48	38	36	6.5	5.2	4.8
New Jersey	213	227	207	4.7	4.9	4.5
New Mexico	64	64	57	7.0	6.8	6.1
New York	414	483	407	4.1	4.7	4.0
North Carolina	333	314	249	6.4	5.9	4.7
North Dakota	28	28	27	6.0	5.9	5.7
Ohio	340	345	308	5.7	5.7	5.1
Oklahoma	121	110	90	6.5	5.9	4.9
Oregon	129	127	103	6.1	5.9	4.9
Pennsylvania	424	410	359	6.5	6.2	5.4
Rhode Island	30	31	25	5.6	5.9	4.8
South Carolina	165	178	140	6.7	7.1	5.6
South Dakota	24	26	26	5.1	5.3	5.2
Tennessee	244	213	179	6.9	6.0	5.1
Texas	841	772	738	5.7	5.2	4.9
Utah	107	105	80	5.9	5.7	4.4
Vermont	22	20	17	6.6	6.0	5.3
Virginia	317	268	230	7.1	6.0	5.2
Washington	197	184	159	5.2	4.8	4.2
West Virginia	55	54	42	7.2	7.0	5.5
Wisconsin	259	215	213	7.9	6.6	6.5
Wyoming	18	18	16	6.0	5.7	5.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,789	6,235	4,947	3.7	3.9	3.1
Alabama	93	91	72	4.3	4.2	3.3
Alaska	13	11	13	4.2	3.5	4.2
Arizona	140	159	107	4.4	5.0	3.3
Arkansas	54	57	43	4.0	4.2	3.1
California	653	658	446	3.6	3.6	2.4
Colorado	113	138	118	3.9	4.7	4.0
Connecticut	55	66	48	3.3	3.8	2.8
Delaware	23	29	20	4.9	5.9	4.0
District of Columbia	21	23	19	2.6	3.0	2.5
Florida	356	456	383	3.7	4.6	3.9
Georgia	208	235	198	4.3	4.8	4.0
Hawaii	21	21	16	3.4	3.3	2.5
Idaho	40	40	32	4.8	4.6	3.7
Illinois	223	233	205	3.6	3.7	3.3
Indiana	145	138	113	4.4	4.2	3.4
Iowa	59	68	47	3.7	4.3	2.9
Kansas	51	55	45	3.5	3.8	3.1
Kentucky	94	77	72	4.7	3.8	3.5
Louisiana	77	94	64	3.9	4.7	3.2
Maine	22	24	17	3.5	3.6	2.6
Maryland	110	111	102	4.0	4.0	3.7
Massachusetts	106	115	83	2.8	3.0	2.2
Michigan	161	153	136	3.6	3.4	3.0
Minnesota	97	114	98	3.3	3.8	3.2
Mississippi	53	54	46	4.5	4.6	3.9
Missouri	99	117	85	3.3	3.9	2.8
Montana	25	29	19	4.9	5.5	3.7
Nebraska	37	37	33	3.6	3.5	3.1
Nevada	65	72	49	4.2	4.5	3.1
New Hampshire	24	26	21	3.4	3.7	3.0
New Jersey	129	160	134	3.0	3.7	3.1
New Mexico	31	37	26	3.6	4.3	3.0
New York	262	292	247	2.7	3.0	2.5
North Carolina	181	184	128	3.7	3.7	2.6
North Dakota	18	18	16	4.3	4.0	3.6
Ohio	218	215	171	3.9	3.8	3.0
Oklahoma	77	86	64	4.5	4.9	3.7
Oregon	73	88	57	3.7	4.4	2.9
Pennsylvania	177	200	181	2.9	3.2	2.9
Rhode Island	17	22	16	3.3	4.4	3.1
South Carolina	102	117	85	4.5	5.0	3.6
South Dakota	17	19	15	3.6	4.0	3.2
Tennessee	156	149	117	4.7	4.5	3.5
Texas	593	592	517	4.3	4.2	3.6
Utah	66	78	53	3.8	4.5	3.1
Vermont	12	14	10	3.9	4.4	3.4
Virginia	167	183	151	4.0	4.4	3.6
Washington	114	123	84	3.2	3.4	2.3
West Virginia	30	35	25	4.3	4.8	3.5
Wisconsin	98	109	89	3.3	3.6	2.9
Wyoming	12	12	9	4.1	4.1	3.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,276	5,689	4,660	3.4	3.6	2.9
Alabama	84	88	71	3.9	4.1	3.2
Alaska	26	25	21	8.4	7.8	6.5
Arizona	114	123	114	3.6	3.8	3.5
Arkansas	52	51	42	3.9	3.7	3.1
California	597	483	420	3.3	2.6	2.3
Colorado	139	118	110	4.8	4.0	3.7
Connecticut	49	56	43	2.9	3.2	2.5
Delaware	22	28	18	4.6	5.8	3.7
District of Columbia	20	26	18	2.6	3.3	2.4
Florida	323	383	317	3.3	3.9	3.2
Georgia	192	193	147	3.9	3.9	2.9
Hawaii	17	15	14	2.8	2.4	2.1
Idaho	42	41	41	5.0	4.7	4.8
Illinois	243	209	166	4.0	3.4	2.7
Indiana	120	123	125	3.7	3.7	3.8
Iowa	54	60	55	3.4	3.8	3.4
Kansas	47	44	47	3.2	3.0	3.2
Kentucky	77	72	64	3.8	3.5	3.1
Louisiana	80	88	61	4.1	4.4	3.1
Maine	28	36	30	4.4	5.5	4.6
Maryland	98	117	71	3.6	4.2	2.6
Massachusetts	90	114	84	2.4	3.0	2.2
Michigan	133	141	146	3.0	3.2	3.3
Minnesota	103	97	109	3.4	3.2	3.6
Mississippi	44	52	36	3.7	4.4	3.1
Missouri	84	104	84	2.8	3.5	2.8
Montana	35	35	31	6.8	6.7	5.9
Nebraska	32	34	35	3.1	3.2	3.3
Nevada	70	59	60	4.6	3.7	3.8
New Hampshire	29	35	23	4.1	5.0	3.2
New Jersey	120	192	115	2.8	4.4	2.6
New Mexico	32	31	29	3.7	3.6	3.2
New York	215	299	251	2.2	3.0	2.6
North Carolina	167	209	132	3.4	4.2	2.7
North Dakota	17	16	20	3.9	3.6	4.5
Ohio	175	214	165	3.1	3.7	2.9
Oklahoma	64	75	52	3.7	4.3	3.0
Oregon	86	81	73	4.3	4.0	3.7
Pennsylvania	154	230	154	2.5	3.7	2.5
Rhode Island	18	23	18	3.5	4.7	3.5
South Carolina	85	107	67	3.7	4.6	2.9
South Dakota	18	18	23	3.8	3.9	4.8
Tennessee	127	154	101	3.8	4.6	3.0
Texas	474	496	406	3.4	3.5	2.9
Utah	67	59	65	3.9	3.4	3.7
Vermont	12	12	12	3.9	4.0	4.0
Virginia	139	166	118	3.3	4.0	2.8
Washington	126	104	111	3.5	2.8	3.0
West Virginia	29	34	25	4.1	4.8	3.5
Wisconsin	85	98	100	2.8	3.2	3.3
Wyoming	22	16	19	7.7	5.5	6.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,589	3,703	2,911	2.3	2.3	1.8
Alabama	61	61	44	2.8	2.8	2.0
Alaska	17	16	12	5.4	4.8	3.8
Arizona	79	81	67	2.5	2.5	2.1
Arkansas	37	34	27	2.7	2.5	2.0
California	442	312	231	2.4	1.7	1.3
Colorado	81	67	61	2.8	2.3	2.1
Connecticut	28	28	24	1.7	1.6	1.4
Delaware	16	19	12	3.4	3.9	2.4
District of Columbia	12	16	10	1.5	2.0	1.3
Florida	228	272	233	2.4	2.8	2.3
Georgia	140	134	94	2.9	2.7	1.9
Hawaii	12	9	8	1.9	1.4	1.2
Idaho	27	24	24	3.2	2.8	2.7
Illinois	116	153	117	1.9	2.5	1.9
Indiana	86	87	75	2.6	2.6	2.3
Iowa	38	40	36	2.4	2.5	2.2
Kansas	32	29	32	2.2	2.0	2.2
Kentucky	53	49	42	2.7	2.4	2.1
Louisiana	58	54	41	3.0	2.7	2.1
Maine	16	17	19	2.5	2.5	2.9
Maryland	69	73	46	2.5	2.6	1.7
Massachusetts	61	61	47	1.6	1.6	1.2
Michigan	85	93	93	1.9	2.1	2.1
Minnesota	70	68	71	2.4	2.2	2.3
Mississippi	31	37	24	2.6	3.1	2.1
Missouri	58	73	57	2.0	2.4	1.9
Montana	23	18	18	4.4	3.5	3.5
Nebraska	20	23	22	1.9	2.2	2.1
Nevada	46	38	33	3.0	2.4	2.1
New Hampshire	13	18	13	1.9	2.5	1.8
New Jersey	69	98	60	1.6	2.2	1.4
New Mexico	21	20	18	2.4	2.3	2.0
New York	134	154	136	1.4	1.6	1.4
North Carolina	118	150	75	2.4	3.0	1.5
North Dakota	11	11	13	2.5	2.4	2.9
Ohio	114	135	107	2.0	2.4	1.9
Oklahoma	47	52	35	2.7	3.0	2.0
Oregon	56	51	44	2.8	2.5	2.2
Pennsylvania	95	130	96	1.6	2.1	1.5
Rhode Island	10	11	10	2.1	2.2	2.0
South Carolina	64	68	46	2.8	2.9	2.0
South Dakota	12	12	16	2.6	2.6	3.3
Tennessee	93	111	65	2.8	3.3	1.9
Texas	365	373	279	2.6	2.6	2.0
Utah	45	38	38	2.7	2.2	2.2
Vermont	7	6	7	2.3	2.0	2.3
Virginia	96	111	78	2.3	2.7	1.9
Washington	78	65	59	2.2	1.8	1.6
West Virginia	21	23	16	2.9	3.2	2.2
Wisconsin	59	68	68	2.0	2.2	2.2
Wyoming	15	10	12	5.3	3.3	4.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)	Nov. 2022	Oct. 2023	Nov. 2023(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,435	1,637	1,456	0.9	1.0	0.9
Alabama	19	21	21	0.9	1.0	1.0
Alaska	8	8	7	2.5	2.6	2.2
Arizona	30	36	41	0.9	1.1	1.3
Arkansas	14	13	12	1.0	0.9	0.8
California	115	150	160	0.6	0.8	0.9
Colorado	52	42	38	1.8	1.4	1.3
Connecticut	16	23	15	0.9	1.3	0.9
Delaware	5	7	5	1.1	1.5	1.0
District of Columbia	7	6	6	0.9	0.7	0.7
Florida	82	89	71	0.8	0.9	0.7
Georgia	44	41	43	0.9	0.8	0.9
Hawaii	4	5	5	0.7	0.8	0.7
Idaho	13	14	16	1.5	1.6	1.8
Illinois	119	51	43	1.9	0.8	0.7
Indiana	32	32	45	1.0	1.0	1.4
Iowa	13	18	15	0.8	1.1	0.9
Kansas	13	13	12	0.9	0.9	0.8
Kentucky	21	17	18	1.0	0.8	0.9
Louisiana	20	26	16	1.0	1.3	0.8
Maine	9	16	9	1.4	2.4	1.4
Maryland	24	33	20	0.9	1.2	0.7
Massachusetts	24	41	30	0.6	1.1	0.8
Michigan	43	42	47	1.0	0.9	1.1
Minnesota	29	23	32	1.0	0.8	1.1
Mississippi	11	11	9	0.9	0.9	0.8
Missouri	22	26	23	0.8	0.9	0.7
Montana	10	15	11	1.9	2.8	2.1
Nebraska	10	9	11	0.9	0.9	1.0
Nevada	21	19	23	1.4	1.2	1.4
New Hampshire	15	14	8	2.1	2.0	1.1
New Jersey	46	82	34	1.1	1.9	0.8
New Mexico	9	9	8	1.0	1.0	0.9
New York	73	125	99	0.7	1.3	1.0
North Carolina	39	43	44	0.8	0.9	0.9
North Dakota	5	4	6	1.2	0.9	1.4
Ohio	46	69	50	0.8	1.2	0.9
Oklahoma	13	17	13	0.8	1.0	0.7
Oregon	23	25	25	1.1	1.3	1.3
Pennsylvania	45	85	50	0.7	1.4	0.8
Rhode Island	6	10	6	1.3	2.0	1.2
South Carolina	18	31	17	0.8	1.3	0.7
South Dakota	5	5	6	1.1	1.1	1.3
Tennessee	30	35	30	0.9	1.1	0.9
Texas	94	99	113	0.7	0.7	0.8
Utah	18	18	24	1.1	1.0	1.4
Vermont	4	5	4	1.4	1.6	1.2
Virginia	36	44	30	0.9	1.1	0.7
Washington	43	34	47	1.2	0.9	1.3
West Virginia	6	8	7	0.9	1.2	1.0
Wisconsin	23	25	26	0.8	0.8	0.9
Wyoming	6	6	6	2.0	1.9	1.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary