State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, September 17, 2025	USDL-25-1406
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JULY 2025

Job openings rates decreased in 3 states and increased in 1 state in July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires rates increased in 1 state. Total separations rates 
decreased in 2 states and increased in 2 states. Nationally, the job openings, hires, and total separations 
rates showed little or no change in July.

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. Job 
openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the month. Hires and separations 
include all changes to the payroll during the entire month.

Job Openings

Job openings rates decreased in 3 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 46 states and 
the District of Columbia in July. The decreases in job openings rates occurred in New York  
(-0.9 percentage point) as well as in Florida and Tennessee (-0.7 point each). The increase occurred in 
California (+0.4 point). Over the month, the national job openings rate changed little. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings decreased in 3 states, increased in 1 state, and changed little in 46 states 
and the District of Columbia in July. The decreases in the job openings level occurred in New York  
(-104,000), Florida (-76,000), and Tennessee (-25,000). The increase occurred in California (+80,000). 
Nationally, the number of job openings changed little. (See table 1.)

Hires

In July, hires rates increased in 1 state and were little changed in 49 states and the District of Columbia. 
The increase occurred in Michigan (+0.6 percentage point). The national hires rate was unchanged over 
the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires increased in 3 states and was little changed in 47 states and the District of 
Columbia in July. The increases in the hires level occurred in Georgia (+32,000), Michigan (+30,000), 
and Colorado (+19,000). Nationally, the number of hires was unchanged over the month. (See table 2.)

Total Separations

In July, total separations rates decreased in 2 states, increased in 2 states, and were little changed in 46 
states and the District of Columbia. The decreases in total separations rates occurred in Ohio  
(-1.2 percentage points) and in Mississippi (-0.8 point). The increases occurred in Delaware  
(+1.3 points) and in Idaho (+1.0 point). Over the month, the national total separations rate was 
unchanged. (See table 3.)

The number of total separations decreased in 3 states, increased in 3 states, and changed little in 44 
states and the District of Columbia in July. The decreases in the total separations level occurred in 
California (-67,000), Ohio (-64,000), and Mississippi (-10,000). The increases occurred in Texas 
(+58,000), Idaho (+9,000), and Delaware (+6,000). Nationally, the number of total separations was 
unchanged over the month. (See table 3.)
 
Quits

In July, quits rates decreased in 4 states, increased in 3 states, and were little changed in 43 states and 
the District of Columbia. The decreases in quits rates occurred in Connecticut (-1.0 percentage point) 
and Ohio (-0.9 point), as well as in Indiana and Michigan (-0.5 point each). The increases occurred in 
Idaho (+1.2 points), North Carolina (+0.5 point), and Texas (+0.4 point). Over the month, the national 
quits rate was unchanged. (See table 4.)

The number of quits decreased in 5 states, increased in 4 states, and was little changed in 41 states and 
the District of Columbia in July. The largest decreases in the quits level occurred in Ohio (-55,000), 
Michigan (-21,000), and Connecticut (-16,000). The largest increases occurred in Texas (+55,000), 
North Carolina (+27,000), and New York (+24,000). Nationally, the number of quits was unchanged 
over the month. (See table 4.)

Layoffs and Discharges 

In July, layoffs and discharges rates increased in 1 state and were little changed in 49 states and the 
District of Columbia. The increase occurred in Delaware (+0.8 percentage point). Over the month, the 
national layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged. (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges increased in 2 states, decreased in 1 state, and changed little in 
47 states and the District of Columbia in July. The increases in the layoffs and discharges level occurred 
in New Jersey (+16,000) and in Delaware (+4,000). The decrease occurred in California (-39,000). 
Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was unchanged over the month. (See table 5.)


For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  
______________	
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for August 2025 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, October 22, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. (ET)   

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional to the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component of the Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	7,504	7,395	7,712	7,357	7,181	-176	4.5	4.4	4.6	4.4	4.3	-0.1
Alabama	122	114	123	113	105	-8	5.3	4.9	5.3	4.9	4.5	-0.4
Alaska	20	19	15	17	19	2	5.6	5.3	4.3	4.8	5.3	0.5
Arizona	169	161	142	143	153	10	5.0	4.7	4.2	4.2	4.5	0.3
Arkansas	75	74	78	70	68	-2	5.2	5.1	5.4	4.8	4.7	-0.1
California	643	676	629	677	757	80	3.5	3.6	3.4	3.6	4.0	0.4
Colorado	197	145	129	125	121	-4	6.2	4.6	4.1	4.0	3.9	-0.1
Connecticut	77	81	77	75	71	-4	4.3	4.5	4.3	4.2	4.0	-0.2
Delaware	29	23	25	23	22	-1	5.6	4.4	4.8	4.5	4.3	-0.2
District of Columbia	29	29	34	32	27	-5	3.6	3.6	4.2	4.0	3.4	-0.6
Florida	493	426	484	467	391	-76	4.7	4.1	4.6	4.4	3.7	-0.7
Georgia	255	279	328	281	273	-8	4.9	5.3	6.2	5.3	5.2	-0.1
Hawaii	28	23	27	25	26	1	4.2	3.4	4.0	3.7	3.8	0.1
Idaho	43	49	41	41	44	3	4.7	5.3	4.4	4.4	4.7	0.3
Illinois	319	277	298	281	272	-9	4.9	4.3	4.6	4.4	4.2	-0.2
Indiana	140	139	142	143	137	-6	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.0	-0.2
Iowa	74	67	70	71	75	4	4.4	4.0	4.2	4.3	4.5	0.2
Kansas	66	73	73	69	69	0	4.3	4.8	4.8	4.5	4.5	0.0
Kentucky	130	104	117	99	103	4	6.0	4.8	5.4	4.6	4.8	0.2
Louisiana	113	110	111	100	103	3	5.4	5.2	5.3	4.8	4.9	0.1
Maine	31	36	39	39	33	-6	4.5	5.2	5.6	5.6	4.8	-0.8
Maryland	162	136	142	136	137	1	5.4	4.6	4.7	4.6	4.6	0.0
Massachusetts	185	184	193	186	169	-17	4.7	4.7	4.9	4.8	4.3	-0.5
Michigan	203	227	226	243	253	10	4.3	4.8	4.8	5.1	5.3	0.2
Minnesota	172	179	182	163	167	4	5.4	5.5	5.6	5.1	5.2	0.1
Mississippi	63	62	68	61	58	-3	5.0	4.9	5.4	4.8	4.6	-0.2
Missouri	154	142	151	150	145	-5	4.9	4.5	4.8	4.7	4.6	-0.1
Montana	26	28	28	28	27	-1	4.7	5.1	5.0	5.0	4.9	-0.1
Nebraska	44	45	47	48	46	-2	4.0	4.1	4.2	4.3	4.1	-0.2
Nevada	64	68	69	62	67	5	3.9	4.1	4.2	3.8	4.1	0.3
New Hampshire	34	36	38	37	34	-3	4.6	4.8	5.1	5.0	4.6	-0.4
New Jersey	212	246	212	205	226	21	4.6	5.3	4.6	4.5	4.9	0.4
New Mexico	47	48	48	49	49	0	5.0	5.1	5.0	5.1	5.1	0.0
New York	410	497	588	530	426	-104	4.0	4.8	5.6	5.0	4.1	-0.9
North Carolina	268	295	285	281	257	-24	5.1	5.5	5.3	5.2	4.8	-0.4
North Dakota	22	22	22	23	23	0	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.9	4.9	0.0
Ohio	283	259	289	281	253	-28	4.8	4.3	4.8	4.7	4.2	-0.5
Oklahoma	110	101	110	98	104	6	5.8	5.3	5.8	5.2	5.5	0.3
Oregon	96	89	87	85	86	1	4.6	4.2	4.1	4.1	4.1	0.0
Pennsylvania	291	291	272	245	261	16	4.5	4.5	4.2	3.8	4.0	0.2
Rhode Island	27	28	28	27	26	-1	5.0	5.1	5.2	5.0	4.8	-0.2
South Carolina	134	125	144	139	123	-16	5.4	4.9	5.6	5.4	4.8	-0.6
South Dakota	21	21	23	21	22	1	4.3	4.3	4.7	4.3	4.5	0.2
Tennessee	165	163	165	170	145	-25	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.8	4.1	-0.7
Texas	568	593	650	560	554	-6	3.9	4.0	4.3	3.8	3.7	-0.1
Utah	74	76	68	74	78	4	4.1	4.1	3.7	4.0	4.2	0.2
Vermont	16	17	18	16	15	-1	4.9	5.1	5.4	4.8	4.6	-0.2
Virginia	251	188	238	217	220	3	5.6	4.2	5.3	4.8	4.9	0.1
Washington	143	127	136	137	146	9	3.8	3.3	3.6	3.6	3.8	0.2
West Virginia	45	47	47	43	40	-3	5.9	6.2	6.1	5.6	5.3	-0.3
Wisconsin	141	134	142	137	140	3	4.4	4.2	4.4	4.3	4.4	0.1
Wyoming	15	15	14	14	15	1	4.9	4.8	4.5	4.5	4.8	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,451	5,615	5,465	5,267	5,308	41	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.3	3.3	0.0
Alabama	78	79	73	73	77	4	3.6	3.6	3.3	3.3	3.5	0.2
Alaska	17	17	20	17	15	-2	5.1	5.0	5.9	5.0	4.4	-0.6
Arizona	138	123	146	120	127	7	4.3	3.8	4.5	3.7	3.9	0.2
Arkansas	48	52	48	53	49	-4	3.5	3.8	3.5	3.8	3.5	-0.3
California	550	579	531	564	574	10	3.1	3.2	2.9	3.1	3.2	0.1
Colorado	134	119	130	96	115	19	4.5	4.0	4.4	3.2	3.8	0.6
Connecticut	59	56	65	51	50	-1	3.5	3.3	3.8	3.0	2.9	-0.1
Delaware	20	19	17	18	18	0	4.1	3.8	3.4	3.7	3.7	0.0
District of Columbia	14	19	18	17	13	-4	1.8	2.5	2.3	2.2	1.7	-0.5
Florida	390	404	354	367	334	-33	3.9	4.0	3.5	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Georgia	175	170	164	144	176	32	3.5	3.4	3.3	2.9	3.5	0.6
Hawaii	23	21	27	21	21	0	3.6	3.2	4.1	3.2	3.2	0.0
Idaho	40	39	49	35	40	5	4.6	4.4	5.6	4.0	4.5	0.5
Illinois	219	228	206	199	198	-1	3.6	3.7	3.3	3.2	3.2	0.0
Indiana	119	143	125	124	133	9	3.7	4.4	3.8	3.8	4.0	0.2
Iowa	56	54	55	51	52	1	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.3	0.1
Kansas	47	57	48	46	47	1	3.2	3.9	3.3	3.1	3.2	0.1
Kentucky	73	80	81	75	73	-2	3.6	3.9	3.9	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Louisiana	80	81	72	67	80	13	4.0	4.1	3.6	3.3	4.0	0.7
Maine	24	25	25	24	23	-1	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Maryland	96	102	85	88	87	-1	3.4	3.6	3.0	3.1	3.0	-0.1
Massachusetts	123	115	99	97	85	-12	3.3	3.1	2.7	2.6	2.3	-0.3
Michigan	181	212	173	157	187	30	4.0	4.7	3.8	3.5	4.1	0.6
Minnesota	102	100	97	85	88	3	3.4	3.3	3.2	2.8	2.9	0.1
Mississippi	46	46	42	41	43	2	3.9	3.8	3.5	3.4	3.6	0.2
Missouri	105	92	90	88	89	1	3.5	3.1	3.0	2.9	2.9	0.0
Montana	26	27	28	27	24	-3	4.9	5.1	5.3	5.1	4.5	-0.6
Nebraska	36	36	33	30	34	4	3.4	3.4	3.1	2.8	3.2	0.4
Nevada	61	62	65	65	58	-7	3.9	3.9	4.1	4.1	3.7	-0.4
New Hampshire	26	26	27	25	24	-1	3.7	3.7	3.8	3.5	3.4	-0.1
New Jersey	127	151	153	163	143	-20	2.9	3.4	3.5	3.7	3.3	-0.4
New Mexico	31	36	38	36	31	-5	3.5	4.0	4.2	4.0	3.4	-0.6
New York	282	309	301	298	282	-16	2.9	3.1	3.0	3.0	2.8	-0.2
North Carolina	171	240	162	157	183	26	3.4	4.7	3.2	3.1	3.6	0.5
North Dakota	17	18	19	16	17	1	3.8	4.0	4.2	3.5	3.8	0.3
Ohio	183	190	215	193	193	0	3.2	3.3	3.8	3.4	3.4	0.0
Oklahoma	78	66	63	61	64	3	4.4	3.7	3.5	3.4	3.6	0.2
Oregon	72	75	92	73	67	-6	3.6	3.7	4.6	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Pennsylvania	221	141	192	166	154	-12	3.6	2.3	3.1	2.7	2.5	-0.2
Rhode Island	21	20	25	20	18	-2	4.1	3.9	4.8	3.9	3.5	-0.4
South Carolina	92	106	98	94	95	1	3.9	4.4	4.1	3.9	3.9	0.0
South Dakota	17	18	16	15	17	2	3.6	3.8	3.4	3.2	3.6	0.4
Tennessee	126	120	119	128	131	3	3.7	3.5	3.5	3.8	3.9	0.1
Texas	449	463	443	518	515	-3	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.6	3.6	0.0
Utah	66	68	78	65	66	1	3.8	3.8	4.4	3.7	3.7	0.0
Vermont	12	12	14	11	11	0	3.8	3.8	4.5	3.5	3.5	0.0
Virginia	133	138	188	143	147	4	3.1	3.2	4.4	3.3	3.4	0.1
Washington	105	113	120	110	105	-5	2.9	3.1	3.3	3.0	2.9	-0.1
West Virginia	30	34	29	28	28	0	4.2	4.7	4.0	3.9	3.9	0.0
Wisconsin	99	103	92	92	94	2	3.3	3.4	3.0	3.0	3.1	0.1
Wyoming	15	14	17	14	14	0	5.1	4.7	5.7	4.7	4.7	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,434	5,313	5,213	5,341	5,289	-52	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.3	0.0
Alabama	73	69	77	65	66	1	3.3	3.1	3.5	2.9	3.0	0.1
Alaska	17	16	18	19	17	-2	5.1	4.8	5.3	5.6	5.0	-0.6
Arizona	122	122	133	126	114	-12	3.8	3.7	4.1	3.9	3.5	-0.4
Arkansas	49	51	45	44	42	-2	3.6	3.7	3.3	3.2	3.0	-0.2
California	609	613	537	652	585	-67	3.4	3.4	3.0	3.6	3.2	-0.4
Colorado	155	89	118	107	108	1	5.2	3.0	4.0	3.6	3.6	0.0
Connecticut	46	56	48	64	54	-10	2.7	3.3	2.8	3.7	3.1	-0.6
Delaware	26	17	18	16	22	6	5.3	3.4	3.6	3.2	4.5	1.3
District of Columbia	20	20	19	17	18	1	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.2	2.4	0.2
Florida	409	417	348	319	343	24	4.1	4.1	3.5	3.2	3.4	0.2
Georgia	185	164	167	131	147	16	3.7	3.3	3.3	2.6	2.9	0.3
Hawaii	19	20	21	23	21	-2	3.0	3.1	3.2	3.5	3.2	-0.3
Idaho	36	34	37	39	48	9	4.2	3.9	4.2	4.4	5.4	1.0
Illinois	177	190	200	189	203	14	2.9	3.1	3.2	3.1	3.3	0.2
Indiana	116	135	136	140	125	-15	3.6	4.1	4.1	4.3	3.8	-0.5
Iowa	53	52	51	57	60	3	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.6	3.8	0.2
Kansas	47	49	46	50	46	-4	3.2	3.4	3.1	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Kentucky	77	73	72	69	69	0	3.8	3.6	3.5	3.4	3.4	0.0
Louisiana	81	72	69	66	68	2	4.1	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.4	0.1
Maine	23	24	25	26	23	-3	3.5	3.6	3.8	4.0	3.5	-0.5
Maryland	106	87	82	77	90	13	3.7	3.1	2.9	2.7	3.2	0.5
Massachusetts	100	101	108	111	103	-8	2.7	2.7	2.9	3.0	2.8	-0.2
Michigan	146	160	159	174	155	-19	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.8	3.4	-0.4
Minnesota	90	89	89	102	102	0	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.3	3.4	0.1
Mississippi	44	45	39	46	36	-10	3.7	3.7	3.2	3.8	3.0	-0.8
Missouri	119	85	95	100	89	-11	4.0	2.8	3.2	3.3	2.9	-0.4
Montana	25	22	25	25	26	1	4.7	4.2	4.7	4.7	4.9	0.2
Nebraska	36	36	36	37	35	-2	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Nevada	59	52	60	64	62	-2	3.8	3.3	3.8	4.1	3.9	-0.2
New Hampshire	28	25	23	25	26	1	4.0	3.5	3.2	3.5	3.7	0.2
New Jersey	158	165	127	141	142	1	3.6	3.8	2.9	3.2	3.2	0.0
New Mexico	31	29	31	32	33	1	3.5	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.6	0.1
New York	235	288	279	279	302	23	2.4	2.9	2.8	2.8	3.0	0.2
North Carolina	171	151	151	174	190	16	3.4	3.0	3.0	3.4	3.7	0.3
North Dakota	16	17	17	19	18	-1	3.6	3.8	3.8	4.2	4.0	-0.2
Ohio	194	213	207	232	168	-64	3.4	3.7	3.6	4.1	2.9	-1.2
Oklahoma	59	62	63	59	57	-2	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.2	-0.1
Oregon	73	72	68	71	72	1	3.7	3.6	3.4	3.5	3.6	0.1
Pennsylvania	235	162	185	157	167	10	3.8	2.6	3.0	2.5	2.7	0.2
Rhode Island	19	22	19	23	19	-4	3.7	4.3	3.7	4.5	3.7	-0.8
South Carolina	107	88	88	86	86	0	4.6	3.7	3.6	3.6	3.5	-0.1
South Dakota	17	18	17	19	17	-2	3.6	3.8	3.6	4.0	3.6	-0.4
Tennessee	138	125	109	134	126	-8	4.1	3.7	3.2	3.9	3.7	-0.2
Texas	436	449	474	479	537	58	3.1	3.1	3.3	3.3	3.7	0.4
Utah	62	71	70	72	70	-2	3.6	4.0	3.9	4.1	4.0	-0.1
Vermont	11	12	12	12	11	-1	3.5	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.5	-0.3
Virginia	151	147	152	126	138	12	3.6	3.4	3.6	3.0	3.2	0.2
Washington	104	105	108	104	102	-2	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.8	0.0
West Virginia	30	28	26	25	25	0	4.2	3.9	3.6	3.5	3.5	0.0
Wisconsin	84	93	96	100	91	-9	2.8	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.0	-0.3
Wyoming	13	12	12	14	15	1	4.4	4.0	4.0	4.7	5.1	0.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,390	3,215	3,270	3,209	3,208	-1	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.0
Alabama	50	40	54	40	43	3	2.3	1.8	2.4	1.8	1.9	0.1
Alaska	10	10	11	11	10	-1	3.0	3.0	3.3	3.3	2.9	-0.4
Arizona	64	76	81	81	71	-10	2.0	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.2	-0.3
Arkansas	33	30	30	23	25	2	2.4	2.2	2.2	1.7	1.8	0.1
California	382	369	314	353	333	-20	2.1	2.0	1.7	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Colorado	108	60	68	64	73	9	3.6	2.0	2.3	2.1	2.4	0.3
Connecticut	22	32	26	39	23	-16	1.3	1.9	1.5	2.3	1.3	-1.0
Delaware	15	10	13	10	12	2	3.1	2.0	2.6	2.0	2.4	0.4
District of Columbia	12	11	12	10	10	0	1.6	1.4	1.6	1.3	1.3	0.0
Florida	313	243	243	204	217	13	3.2	2.4	2.4	2.0	2.2	0.2
Georgia	114	88	115	76	89	13	2.3	1.8	2.3	1.5	1.8	0.3
Hawaii	12	13	13	14	13	-1	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.0	-0.2
Idaho	23	22	22	22	33	11	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.5	3.7	1.2
Illinois	105	118	126	110	123	13	1.7	1.9	2.0	1.8	2.0	0.2
Indiana	63	86	93	92	77	-15	1.9	2.6	2.8	2.8	2.3	-0.5
Iowa	32	32	31	36	37	1	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.3	2.3	0.0
Kansas	28	31	29	31	29	-2	1.9	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Kentucky	50	41	42	39	41	2	2.5	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.0	0.1
Louisiana	49	43	45	43	43	0	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.1	0.0
Maine	13	14	14	14	12	-2	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.1	1.8	-0.3
Maryland	73	45	48	47	54	7	2.6	1.6	1.7	1.7	1.9	0.2
Massachusetts	53	60	58	61	47	-14	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.3	-0.3
Michigan	85	105	106	109	88	-21	1.9	2.3	2.3	2.4	1.9	-0.5
Minnesota	54	56	55	57	62	5	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.9	2.0	0.1
Mississippi	30	26	26	30	23	-7	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.5	1.9	-0.6
Missouri	72	56	65	67	55	-12	2.4	1.9	2.2	2.2	1.8	-0.4
Montana	16	15	15	15	16	1	3.0	2.8	2.8	2.8	3.0	0.2
Nebraska	22	23	22	24	22	-2	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.1	-0.1
Nevada	37	32	36	35	35	0	2.4	2.0	2.3	2.2	2.2	0.0
New Hampshire	13	15	13	14	14	0	1.8	2.1	1.8	2.0	2.0	0.0
New Jersey	65	68	69	84	70	-14	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.9	1.6	-0.3
New Mexico	19	19	20	18	20	2	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.0	2.2	0.2
New York	124	180	164	151	175	24	1.3	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.7	0.2
North Carolina	117	80	98	108	135	27	2.3	1.6	1.9	2.1	2.6	0.5
North Dakota	9	11	11	11	10	-1	2.0	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.2	-0.2
Ohio	124	143	137	162	107	-55	2.2	2.5	2.4	2.8	1.9	-0.9
Oklahoma	39	39	43	39	36	-3	2.2	2.2	2.4	2.2	2.0	-0.2
Oregon	46	48	43	44	45	1	2.3	2.4	2.1	2.2	2.3	0.1
Pennsylvania	133	107	112	97	95	-2	2.2	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.5	-0.1
Rhode Island	9	11	11	12	10	-2	1.8	2.1	2.1	2.3	1.9	-0.4
South Carolina	73	55	60	55	58	3	3.1	2.3	2.5	2.3	2.4	0.1
South Dakota	10	11	11	11	10	-1	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Tennessee	90	72	70	72	76	4	2.7	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.2	0.1
Texas	302	297	301	306	361	55	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.5	0.4
Utah	39	49	42	40	41	1	2.2	2.8	2.4	2.3	2.3	0.0
Vermont	5	7	7	7	6	-1	1.6	2.2	2.2	2.2	1.9	-0.3
Virginia	95	70	100	80	81	1	2.2	1.6	2.3	1.9	1.9	0.0
Washington	61	65	62	57	64	7	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.7	0.1
West Virginia	20	16	18	16	16	0	2.8	2.2	2.5	2.2	2.2	0.0
Wisconsin	50	58	60	61	54	-7	1.6	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Wyoming	8	7	8	9	9	0	2.7	2.4	2.7	3.0	3.0	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)	July 2024	Apr. 2025	May 2025	June 2025	July 2025(p)	Change from: June 2025 - July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,745	1,789	1,611	1,796	1,808	12	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.0
Alabama	19	24	19	21	20	-1	0.9	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.0
Alaska	6	4	6	7	6	-1	1.8	1.2	1.8	2.1	1.8	-0.3
Arizona	52	34	40	37	34	-3	1.6	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Arkansas	14	18	12	15	15	0	1.0	1.3	0.9	1.1	1.1	0.0
California	192	212	192	249	210	-39	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.4	1.2	-0.2
Colorado	42	23	42	39	29	-10	1.4	0.8	1.4	1.3	1.0	-0.3
Connecticut	22	20	18	21	25	4	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.5	0.3
Delaware	9	6	4	5	9	4	1.8	1.2	0.8	1.0	1.8	0.8
District of Columbia	6	7	4	5	6	1	0.8	0.9	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.1
Florida	86	161	90	99	117	18	0.9	1.6	0.9	1.0	1.2	0.2
Georgia	63	63	44	45	52	7	1.3	1.3	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Hawaii	6	5	7	8	6	-2	0.9	0.8	1.1	1.2	0.9	-0.3
Idaho	12	10	12	15	12	-3	1.4	1.1	1.4	1.7	1.4	-0.3
Illinois	63	66	64	73	74	1	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.2	0.0
Indiana	47	41	37	40	39	-1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.2	0.0
Iowa	18	14	17	18	18	0	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Kansas	16	15	13	15	14	-1	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.0
Kentucky	19	27	25	25	26	1	0.9	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.3	0.1
Louisiana	26	24	20	19	23	4	1.3	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.1	0.2
Maine	9	8	10	10	9	-1	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.5	1.4	-0.1
Maryland	28	35	24	23	34	11	1.0	1.2	0.8	0.8	1.2	0.4
Massachusetts	40	33	42	38	44	6	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.2	0.2
Michigan	51	47	48	58	61	3	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.3	1.3	0.0
Minnesota	28	26	27	38	35	-3	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.2	1.2	0.0
Mississippi	11	17	10	14	11	-3	0.9	1.4	0.8	1.2	0.9	-0.3
Missouri	33	25	25	27	28	1	1.1	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.0
Montana	9	6	9	9	9	0	1.7	1.1	1.7	1.7	1.7	0.0
Nebraska	12	11	12	11	11	0	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
Nevada	20	16	21	26	24	-2	1.3	1.0	1.3	1.7	1.5	-0.2
New Hampshire	14	9	9	9	10	1	2.0	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4	0.1
New Jersey	85	87	50	46	62	16	1.9	2.0	1.1	1.1	1.4	0.3
New Mexico	10	8	8	12	11	-1	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.3	1.2	-0.1
New York	99	95	102	100	109	9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
North Carolina	49	60	44	57	47	-10	1.0	1.2	0.9	1.1	0.9	-0.2
North Dakota	7	6	6	7	8	1	1.6	1.3	1.3	1.6	1.8	0.2
Ohio	62	61	61	58	53	-5	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Oklahoma	17	18	17	16	20	4	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.1	0.2
Oregon	24	19	20	22	21	-1	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.0
Pennsylvania	84	49	62	52	63	11	1.4	0.8	1.0	0.8	1.0	0.2
Rhode Island	9	10	8	9	8	-1	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.8	1.6	-0.2
South Carolina	30	28	22	25	25	0	1.3	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.0
South Dakota	6	5	5	6	6	0	1.3	1.1	1.1	1.3	1.3	0.0
Tennessee	41	45	32	55	46	-9	1.2	1.3	0.9	1.6	1.4	-0.2
Texas	109	128	126	152	163	11	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.1	0.0
Utah	19	18	22	29	24	-5	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.6	1.4	-0.2
Vermont	5	4	4	5	4	-1	1.6	1.3	1.3	1.6	1.3	-0.3
Virginia	39	67	36	37	52	15	0.9	1.6	0.8	0.9	1.2	0.3
Washington	38	32	40	41	32	-9	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.1	0.9	-0.2
West Virginia	8	9	7	7	8	1	1.1	1.3	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
Wisconsin	29	28	31	34	32	-2	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Wyoming	4	3	4	5	5	0	1.4	1.0	1.3	1.7	1.7	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	8,188	7,075	7,780	4.9	4.2	4.7
Alabama	127	112	111	5.5	4.8	4.8
Alaska	24	26	23	6.4	6.8	6.1
Arizona	183	114	166	5.5	3.4	5.0
Arkansas	76	70	66	5.4	4.8	4.6
California	692	624	822	3.7	3.3	4.4
Colorado	220	121	132	6.8	3.9	4.2
Connecticut	87	69	79	4.8	3.8	4.4
Delaware	38	25	34	7.2	4.7	6.4
District of Columbia	35	36	31	4.2	4.4	3.8
Florida	543	451	420	5.3	4.3	4.0
Georgia	277	268	288	5.3	5.1	5.5
Hawaii	33	21	33	4.9	3.1	4.9
Idaho	48	38	50	5.2	4.1	5.3
Illinois	353	283	300	5.4	4.4	4.6
Indiana	148	136	145	4.4	4.0	4.3
Iowa	79	64	84	4.8	3.8	5.0
Kansas	71	63	74	4.7	4.1	4.9
Kentucky	136	95	108	6.3	4.4	5.0
Louisiana	129	91	117	6.1	4.3	5.6
Maine	38	41	38	5.2	5.8	5.4
Maryland	195	134	167	6.4	4.5	5.5
Massachusetts	209	185	186	5.3	4.7	4.7
Michigan	208	230	262	4.4	4.8	5.5
Minnesota	184	153	185	5.7	4.7	5.7
Mississippi	69	57	62	5.5	4.5	4.9
Missouri	162	139	153	5.2	4.4	4.8
Montana	29	33	29	5.1	5.7	5.2
Nebraska	48	44	48	4.3	3.9	4.3
Nevada	67	52	71	4.1	3.2	4.3
New Hampshire	39	37	37	5.2	5.0	5.0
New Jersey	234	194	255	5.1	4.2	5.5
New Mexico	48	41	51	5.2	4.4	5.4
New York	457	525	455	4.4	5.0	4.3
North Carolina	301	280	283	5.7	5.2	5.3
North Dakota	23	25	24	4.8	5.1	5.0
Ohio	313	273	269	5.2	4.5	4.5
Oklahoma	123	99	116	6.5	5.2	6.1
Oregon	104	72	94	5.0	3.5	4.5
Pennsylvania	291	232	260	4.5	3.6	4.0
Rhode Island	27	26	25	5.0	4.7	4.7
South Carolina	144	129	132	5.8	5.0	5.1
South Dakota	21	23	22	4.3	4.5	4.4
Tennessee	187	167	156	5.3	4.7	4.4
Texas	619	561	605	4.2	3.8	4.1
Utah	78	62	84	4.3	3.3	4.5
Vermont	20	16	17	6.0	4.9	5.2
Virginia	282	221	243	6.3	4.9	5.4
Washington	153	124	160	4.0	3.2	4.1
West Virginia	50	42	41	6.5	5.5	5.4
Wisconsin	148	135	150	4.6	4.2	4.6
Wyoming	17	18	17	5.4	5.5	5.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,018	6,026	5,787	3.8	3.8	3.6
Alabama	82	80	80	3.8	3.6	3.6
Alaska	21	33	19	5.9	9.5	5.3
Arizona	156	111	146	5.0	3.5	4.6
Arkansas	51	59	49	3.8	4.3	3.6
California	604	616	640	3.4	3.4	3.6
Colorado	143	116	121	4.8	3.8	4.0
Connecticut	69	59	55	4.0	3.4	3.2
Delaware	27	22	25	5.4	4.4	5.0
District of Columbia	18	20	16	2.2	2.6	2.1
Florida	377	401	307	3.8	4.0	3.1
Georgia	204	156	204	4.1	3.1	4.1
Hawaii	29	22	27	4.6	3.4	4.1
Idaho	47	44	46	5.3	4.9	5.2
Illinois	234	238	210	3.8	3.8	3.4
Indiana	131	141	147	4.1	4.3	4.5
Iowa	62	63	56	3.9	3.9	3.5
Kansas	48	52	47	3.4	3.5	3.3
Kentucky	76	83	73	3.8	4.0	3.6
Louisiana	88	71	88	4.5	3.6	4.4
Maine	33	34	29	4.8	5.1	4.3
Maryland	129	107	116	4.5	3.7	4.1
Massachusetts	154	122	100	4.1	3.2	2.6
Michigan	197	182	208	4.4	4.0	4.6
Minnesota	113	104	95	3.7	3.4	3.1
Mississippi	52	45	49	4.4	3.7	4.1
Missouri	113	107	95	3.8	3.5	3.1
Montana	28	37	26	5.3	6.9	4.8
Nebraska	38	36	37	3.6	3.4	3.4
Nevada	64	65	58	4.1	4.1	3.7
New Hampshire	31	32	29	4.4	4.5	4.1
New Jersey	141	208	150	3.2	4.7	3.4
New Mexico	36	39	34	4.1	4.3	3.8
New York	357	367	354	3.6	3.7	3.5
North Carolina	185	180	201	3.7	3.5	4.0
North Dakota	18	21	17	4.0	4.5	3.9
Ohio	191	231	198	3.4	4.0	3.4
Oklahoma	85	66	71	4.8	3.6	4.0
Oregon	88	80	82	4.4	4.0	4.1
Pennsylvania	237	192	162	3.9	3.1	2.6
Rhode Island	24	24	20	4.7	4.5	3.9
South Carolina	100	102	98	4.3	4.2	4.0
South Dakota	16	20	16	3.5	4.3	3.4
Tennessee	132	142	137	4.0	4.2	4.1
Texas	472	552	540	3.4	3.8	3.8
Utah	73	66	72	4.2	3.7	4.1
Vermont	15	14	13	4.8	4.4	4.1
Virginia	142	169	153	3.4	3.9	3.6
Washington	125	120	119	3.4	3.2	3.2
West Virginia	33	31	31	4.7	4.2	4.3
Wisconsin	111	122	104	3.6	4.0	3.4
Wyoming	16	22	16	5.5	7.2	5.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,972	5,523	5,786	3.8	3.4	3.6
Alabama	84	65	76	3.8	2.9	3.5
Alaska	14	18	15	3.9	5.0	4.1
Arizona	148	155	132	4.7	4.9	4.2
Arkansas	64	50	55	4.7	3.6	4.0
California	664	669	624	3.7	3.7	3.5
Colorado	166	107	119	5.6	3.6	4.0
Connecticut	53	69	58	3.1	4.0	3.4
Delaware	28	16	25	5.8	3.2	5.0
District of Columbia	24	15	21	3.1	1.9	2.7
Florida	440	345	371	4.5	3.5	3.7
Georgia	212	131	171	4.3	2.6	3.4
Hawaii	20	24	21	3.2	3.8	3.3
Idaho	38	35	50	4.4	3.9	5.6
Illinois	169	193	196	2.7	3.1	3.2
Indiana	130	147	137	4.0	4.5	4.2
Iowa	56	59	65	3.5	3.6	4.1
Kansas	48	57	47	3.3	3.9	3.2
Kentucky	91	73	80	4.5	3.5	3.9
Louisiana	91	73	77	4.6	3.6	3.9
Maine	20	24	19	2.9	3.6	2.9
Maryland	122	72	110	4.3	2.5	3.8
Massachusetts	97	115	102	2.6	3.1	2.7
Michigan	164	177	168	3.7	3.9	3.7
Minnesota	90	111	104	3.0	3.6	3.4
Mississippi	51	52	40	4.3	4.3	3.4
Missouri	136	114	99	4.6	3.7	3.3
Montana	27	24	28	5.0	4.4	5.2
Nebraska	39	40	36	3.6	3.7	3.4
Nevada	69	65	72	4.4	4.2	4.6
New Hampshire	26	28	27	3.7	3.9	3.8
New Jersey	178	143	165	4.1	3.2	3.8
New Mexico	38	36	40	4.3	4.0	4.4
New York	269	285	341	2.7	2.8	3.4
North Carolina	191	187	211	3.9	3.7	4.2
North Dakota	17	20	20	3.8	4.3	4.4
Ohio	222	231	190	3.9	4.0	3.3
Oklahoma	69	64	66	3.9	3.6	3.7
Oregon	89	67	88	4.5	3.3	4.4
Pennsylvania	265	172	196	4.3	2.8	3.1
Rhode Island	19	24	20	3.8	4.6	3.8
South Carolina	118	87	99	5.0	3.6	4.1
South Dakota	16	18	16	3.5	3.8	3.4
Tennessee	152	120	144	4.6	3.5	4.3
Texas	452	497	564	3.2	3.5	3.9
Utah	68	70	74	3.9	4.0	4.2
Vermont	9	13	9	3.0	4.1	2.9
Virginia	163	125	147	3.9	2.9	3.4
Washington	119	101	113	3.2	2.7	3.1
West Virginia	39	24	33	5.5	3.4	4.6
Wisconsin	85	103	89	2.8	3.3	2.9
Wyoming	13	12	16	4.3	4.1	5.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,901	3,461	3,690	2.5	2.2	2.3
Alabama	59	43	52	2.7	1.9	2.4
Alaska	9	10	9	2.5	2.8	2.6
Arizona	86	101	88	2.7	3.1	2.8
Arkansas	44	29	36	3.3	2.1	2.6
California	435	368	373	2.4	2.0	2.1
Colorado	119	68	85	4.0	2.3	2.8
Connecticut	30	44	27	1.8	2.5	1.6
Delaware	18	11	16	3.6	2.1	3.1
District of Columbia	16	10	13	2.1	1.2	1.7
Florida	345	229	247	3.5	2.3	2.5
Georgia	134	85	107	2.7	1.7	2.1
Hawaii	13	15	14	2.1	2.3	2.2
Idaho	25	20	36	2.8	2.2	4.0
Illinois	106	120	126	1.7	1.9	2.0
Indiana	77	100	88	2.4	3.1	2.7
Iowa	37	37	42	2.3	2.3	2.6
Kansas	31	37	31	2.1	2.5	2.2
Kentucky	59	46	51	2.9	2.2	2.5
Louisiana	58	50	51	2.9	2.5	2.6
Maine	12	13	10	1.7	2.0	1.5
Maryland	88	47	72	3.1	1.6	2.5
Massachusetts	56	65	47	1.5	1.7	1.3
Michigan	105	118	103	2.3	2.6	2.3
Minnesota	57	62	66	1.9	2.0	2.1
Mississippi	36	35	27	3.0	2.9	2.3
Missouri	85	78	64	2.9	2.6	2.1
Montana	17	15	17	3.2	2.7	3.2
Nebraska	25	27	24	2.3	2.5	2.3
Nevada	44	37	42	2.8	2.3	2.7
New Hampshire	13	15	14	1.9	2.1	1.9
New Jersey	86	88	88	2.0	2.0	2.0
New Mexico	24	21	24	2.7	2.3	2.7
New York	153	157	202	1.5	1.6	2.0
North Carolina	133	124	155	2.7	2.4	3.1
North Dakota	10	12	10	2.3	2.7	2.3
Ohio	146	169	127	2.6	2.9	2.2
Oklahoma	48	46	43	2.7	2.5	2.4
Oregon	57	42	57	2.9	2.1	2.9
Pennsylvania	156	103	111	2.5	1.7	1.8
Rhode Island	11	12	10	2.1	2.3	2.0
South Carolina	81	58	68	3.4	2.4	2.8
South Dakota	10	12	10	2.2	2.4	2.2
Tennessee	103	69	93	3.1	2.0	2.8
Texas	321	338	398	2.3	2.4	2.8
Utah	46	41	47	2.7	2.3	2.7
Vermont	5	7	5	1.7	2.3	1.5
Virginia	110	84	94	2.6	2.0	2.2
Washington	72	53	75	2.0	1.4	2.0
West Virginia	27	17	22	3.8	2.3	3.1
Wisconsin	56	66	56	1.8	2.1	1.8
Wyoming	8	8	10	2.8	2.6	3.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)	July 2024	June 2025	July 2025(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,721	1,661	1,784	1.1	1.0	1.1
Alabama	22	18	22	1.0	0.8	1.0
Alaska	4	6	4	1.2	1.7	1.2
Arizona	54	42	33	1.7	1.3	1.0
Arkansas	17	15	17	1.3	1.0	1.2
California	182	240	196	1.0	1.3	1.1
Colorado	42	34	27	1.4	1.1	0.9
Connecticut	20	20	26	1.2	1.1	1.5
Delaware	9	4	8	1.8	0.9	1.6
District of Columbia	6	4	7	0.8	0.5	0.9
Florida	85	96	115	0.9	1.0	1.2
Georgia	72	35	59	1.5	0.7	1.2
Hawaii	6	8	6	0.9	1.2	0.9
Idaho	12	12	12	1.3	1.4	1.3
Illinois	51	65	62	0.8	1.0	1.0
Indiana	47	36	38	1.5	1.1	1.2
Iowa	15	18	16	1.0	1.1	1.0
Kansas	14	15	12	1.0	1.0	0.9
Kentucky	20	22	26	1.0	1.1	1.3
Louisiana	28	18	23	1.4	0.9	1.2
Maine	7	9	7	1.0	1.3	1.1
Maryland	27	18	33	0.9	0.6	1.2
Massachusetts	33	37	41	0.9	1.0	1.1
Michigan	47	48	58	1.1	1.1	1.3
Minnesota	24	40	31	0.8	1.3	1.0
Mississippi	13	14	12	1.1	1.2	1.0
Missouri	34	28	28	1.2	0.9	0.9
Montana	8	7	9	1.5	1.3	1.6
Nebraska	10	11	9	1.0	1.0	0.9
Nevada	21	25	26	1.4	1.6	1.7
New Hampshire	12	9	11	1.7	1.3	1.5
New Jersey	82	44	65	1.9	1.0	1.5
New Mexico	10	13	12	1.2	1.4	1.3
New York	104	89	121	1.0	0.9	1.2
North Carolina	54	51	49	1.1	1.0	1.0
North Dakota	6	6	8	1.3	1.4	1.8
Ohio	66	50	54	1.2	0.9	0.9
Oklahoma	18	14	21	1.0	0.8	1.2
Oregon	27	19	24	1.4	0.9	1.2
Pennsylvania	90	60	75	1.5	1.0	1.2
Rhode Island	7	10	8	1.4	1.9	1.5
South Carolina	33	21	27	1.4	0.9	1.1
South Dakota	5	5	4	1.0	1.1	0.9
Tennessee	41	45	45	1.2	1.3	1.3
Texas	101	140	153	0.7	1.0	1.1
Utah	18	24	23	1.1	1.4	1.3
Vermont	3	4	4	1.1	1.4	1.1
Virginia	34	30	46	0.8	0.7	1.1
Washington	42	42	31	1.1	1.1	0.8
West Virginia	10	6	9	1.4	0.8	1.3
Wisconsin	23	31	26	0.8	1.0	0.8
Wyoming	4	3	5	1.3	1.1	1.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary