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Economic News Release
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State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, October 18, 2023	USDL-23-2226
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			    STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – AUGUST 2023

Job openings rates increased in 13 states and decreased in 2 states on the last business day of August, the
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates increased in 4 states and decreased in 1 state.
Total separations rates increased in 5 states and decreased in 4 states. Nationally, the job openings rate
increased in August, while the hires and total separations rates were unchanged.

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia.

Job Openings

In August, job openings rates increased in 13 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed in 35
states and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in job openings rates occurred in Alaska
(+3.7 percentage points), Utah (+1.4 points), and Iowa (+1.0 point). The decreases occurred in New
Hampshire (-0.9 point) and New Jersey (-0.7 point). Over the month, the national job openings rate
increased (+0.4 point). (See table 1.)

The number of job openings increased in 23 states, decreased in 2 states, and was little changed in 25
states and the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases in the job openings level occurred in
Illinois (+61,000) and New York (+46,000), as well as in Florida and Ohio (+42,000 each). The
decreases occurred in New Jersey (-33,000) and New Hampshire (-7,000). Nationally, the number of job
openings increased over the month (+690,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In August, hires rates increased in 4 states, decreased in 1 state, and were little changed in 45 states and
the District of Columbia. The increases in the hires rates occurred in Alaska (+0.9 percentage point) and
Kentucky (+0.8 point), as well as in New Jersey and Texas (+0.6 point each). The decrease occurred in
California (-0.6 point). The national hires rate was unchanged over the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires increased in 4 states, decreased in 1 state, and was little changed in 45 states and
the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases in the hires level occurred in Texas (+86,000),
New Jersey (+28,000), and Kentucky (+17,000). The decrease occurred in California (-109,000).
Nationally, the number of hires changed little over the month. (See table 2.)

Total Separations

In August, total separations rates increased in 5 states, decreased in 4 states, and were little changed in
41 states and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in total separations rates occurred in Illinois
(+1.1 percentage points) and in Alaska, Nebraska, and North Dakota (+0.9 point each). The decreases
occurred in New Hampshire (-1.0 point) as well as in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Jersey
(-0.7 point each). Over the month, the national total separations rate was unchanged. (See table 3.)

The number of total separations increased in 8 states, decreased in 4 states, and was little changed in
38 states and the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases occurred in Illinois (+67,000),
Minnesota (+19,000), and Louisiana (+13,000). The largest decreases in the total separations level
occurred in New Jersey (-32,000), Massachusetts (-25,000), and Connecticut (-13,000). Nationally, the
number of total separations changed little over the month. (See table 3.)

Quits

In August, quits rates increased in 6 states, decreased in 3 states, and were little changed in 41 states
and the District of Columbia. The largest increases in quits rates occurred in North Dakota
(+0.7 percentage point) as well as in Louisiana and Nebraska (+0.6 point each). The decreases occurred
in Connecticut and Florida (-0.6 point each) and in New Jersey (-0.5 point). Over the month, the national
quits rate was unchanged. (See table 4.)

The number of quits increased in 10 states, decreased in 4 states, and was little changed in 36 states and
the District of Columbia in August. The largest increases in the quits level occurred in Texas
(+37,000), Illinois (+28,000), and Colorado (+15,000). The largest decreases occurred in Florida
(-57,000), New York (-20,000), and New Jersey (-19,000). Nationally, the number of quits changed little
over the month. (See table 4.)

Layoffs and Discharges

In August, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 6 states, increased in 3 states, and were little
changed in 41 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in layoffs and discharges rates
occurred in Massachusetts (-0.7 percentage point) and in Mississippi and New Hampshire
(-0.6 point each). The increases occurred in Minnesota (+0.9 point), Illinois (+0.6 point), and New York
(+0.3 point). Over the month, the national layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged. (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 7 states, increased in 3 states, and was little
changed in 40 states and the District of Columbia in August. The largest decreases in the layoffs and
discharges levels occurred in Massachusetts (-24,000), New Jersey (-20,000), and Virginia (-16,000).
The increases occurred in Illinois (+37,000), New York (+29,000), and Minnesota (+25,000).
Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.

_______________
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for September 2023 are scheduled to be
released on Monday, November 20, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state,
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023,
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions:
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal.
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time.
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies;
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers,
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees;
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths.
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low,
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not
published for states.

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates.
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in
those cells is proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series.

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a
historical annually revised benchmark component of the Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the
12 published monthly levels.

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels
by 12.

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce
nonsampling error in the survey's design.

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated,
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution.
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

10,198 9,616 9,165 8,920 9,610 690 6.2 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.8 0.4


Alabama

139 137 138 129 138 9 6.2 6.0 6.0 5.6 6.0 0.4

Alaska

40 27 26 24 39 15 11.1 7.7 7.4 6.9 10.6 3.7

Arizona

241 200 184 199 201 2 7.2 6.0 5.5 5.9 6.0 0.1

Arkansas

96 99 91 84 91 7 6.7 6.8 6.3 5.8 6.2 0.4

California

1,161 912 926 975 1,011 36 6.1 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.3 0.2

Colorado

201 188 181 191 204 13 6.5 6.1 5.9 6.2 6.5 0.3

Connecticut

116 82 90 91 96 5 6.5 4.6 5.1 5.1 5.4 0.3

Delaware

34 35 33 33 33 0 6.7 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.4 0.0

District of Columbia

38 44 42 43 39 -4 4.7 5.4 5.1 5.3 4.8 -0.5

Florida

618 623 618 570 612 42 6.1 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.9 0.4

Georgia

382 371 340 323 350 27 7.3 7.0 6.5 6.2 6.6 0.4

Hawaii

39 33 31 33 36 3 5.9 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.4 0.5

Idaho

59 55 50 55 57 2 6.6 6.1 5.5 6.1 6.3 0.2

Illinois

412 422 363 349 410 61 6.4 6.4 5.6 5.4 6.3 0.9

Indiana

192 185 167 162 171 9 5.6 5.4 4.9 4.7 5.0 0.3

Iowa

105 102 85 75 92 17 6.3 6.0 5.1 4.5 5.5 1.0

Kansas

98 90 82 82 90 8 6.4 5.9 5.4 5.4 5.9 0.5

Kentucky

155 144 126 111 126 15 7.3 6.7 5.9 5.2 5.9 0.7

Louisiana

132 156 147 126 139 13 6.4 7.4 7.0 6.0 6.6 0.6

Maine

43 42 37 41 40 -1 6.3 6.1 5.4 6.0 5.8 -0.2

Maryland

181 204 197 165 183 18 6.2 6.9 6.7 5.7 6.2 0.5

Massachusetts

261 254 253 236 246 10 6.6 6.3 6.3 5.9 6.1 0.2

Michigan

261 247 239 216 239 23 5.6 5.3 5.1 4.6 5.1 0.5

Minnesota

205 208 199 192 214 22 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.0 6.7 0.7

Mississippi

82 87 85 80 83 3 6.6 6.9 6.8 6.4 6.6 0.2

Missouri

187 173 155 167 184 17 6.0 5.5 4.9 5.3 5.8 0.5

Montana

39 36 35 35 37 2 7.1 6.5 6.3 6.4 6.6 0.2

Nebraska

66 63 59 54 63 9 6.0 5.7 5.3 4.9 5.7 0.8

Nevada

99 104 92 92 104 12 6.2 6.3 5.6 5.6 6.2 0.6

New Hampshire

45 40 43 50 43 -7 6.1 5.4 5.8 6.7 5.8 -0.9

New Jersey

251 194 226 243 210 -33 5.5 4.3 5.0 5.3 4.6 -0.7

New Mexico

64 65 59 65 63 -2 7.0 7.0 6.3 7.0 6.8 -0.2

New York

513 434 446 441 487 46 5.1 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.8 0.5

North Carolina

341 407 330 316 343 27 6.6 7.7 6.3 6.0 6.5 0.5

North Dakota

28 30 28 26 28 2 6.1 6.5 6.0 5.6 6.0 0.4

Ohio

361 372 351 314 356 42 6.1 6.2 5.9 5.3 5.9 0.6

Oklahoma

124 128 120 104 116 12 6.8 6.9 6.5 5.7 6.3 0.6

Oregon

131 117 105 111 119 8 6.3 5.5 5.0 5.3 5.6 0.3

Pennsylvania

385 345 350 342 370 28 6.0 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.7 0.4

Rhode Island

36 27 29 29 31 2 6.7 5.2 5.5 5.6 5.9 0.3

South Carolina

163 177 168 168 175 7 6.7 7.2 6.8 6.8 7.1 0.3

South Dakota

30 31 28 25 30 5 6.2 6.3 5.7 5.2 6.1 0.9

Tennessee

231 237 225 189 225 36 6.6 6.7 6.3 5.4 6.3 0.9

Texas

890 824 782 774 809 35 6.2 5.6 5.3 5.3 5.5 0.2

Utah

114 105 95 105 133 28 6.3 5.7 5.2 5.7 7.1 1.4

Vermont

20 18 19 18 18 0 6.2 5.5 5.9 5.6 5.6 0.0

Virginia

309 305 290 243 274 31 7.0 6.9 6.5 5.5 6.2 0.7

Washington

207 180 168 189 195 6 5.5 4.7 4.4 4.9 5.1 0.2

West Virginia

55 56 53 52 54 2 7.3 7.4 7.0 6.9 7.1 0.2

Wisconsin

199 183 162 165 187 22 6.3 5.7 5.1 5.2 5.8 0.6

Wyoming

22 19 18 19 19 0 7.2 6.1 5.8 6.1 6.1 0.0

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

6,478 6,231 5,940 5,822 5,857 35 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.7 0.0


Alabama

96 107 96 97 96 -1 4.5 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 0.0

Alaska

24 21 20 16 19 3 7.5 6.5 6.2 4.9 5.8 0.9

Arizona

154 147 135 127 130 3 5.0 4.7 4.3 4.0 4.1 0.1

Arkansas

63 66 63 59 59 0 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.3 4.3 0.0

California

683 532 617 620 511 -109 3.8 2.9 3.4 3.4 2.8 -0.6

Colorado

125 119 112 87 101 14 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.0 3.5 0.5

Connecticut

58 58 52 61 63 2 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.6 3.7 0.1

Delaware

25 24 24 26 24 -2 5.3 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.0 -0.4

District of Columbia

24 28 25 26 24 -2 3.1 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.1 -0.3

Florida

399 402 377 388 381 -7 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.9 -0.1

Georgia

272 221 218 236 231 -5 5.6 4.5 4.4 4.8 4.7 -0.1

Hawaii

25 21 21 21 22 1 4.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5 0.2

Idaho

46 42 37 38 34 -4 5.5 4.9 4.3 4.5 4.0 -0.5

Illinois

266 267 239 210 239 29 4.4 4.4 3.9 3.4 3.9 0.5

Indiana

145 153 123 138 119 -19 4.5 4.7 3.8 4.2 3.6 -0.6

Iowa

62 63 55 53 54 1 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.3 3.4 0.1

Kansas

56 59 52 56 55 -1 3.9 4.1 3.6 3.9 3.8 -0.1

Kentucky

106 92 85 82 99 17 5.4 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.9 0.8

Louisiana

103 105 115 111 102 -9 5.3 5.4 5.9 5.7 5.2 -0.5

Maine

26 25 24 23 26 3 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.6 4.0 0.4

Maryland

108 113 104 109 109 0 4.0 4.1 3.8 4.0 4.0 0.0

Massachusetts

114 113 121 120 124 4 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.3 0.1

Michigan

173 167 155 166 152 -14 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.4 -0.3

Minnesota

111 121 102 105 100 -5 3.8 4.1 3.4 3.5 3.3 -0.2

Mississippi

58 56 57 57 50 -7 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.3 -0.6

Missouri

130 116 102 99 106 7 4.4 3.9 3.4 3.3 3.5 0.2

Montana

31 28 28 25 24 -1 6.0 5.4 5.4 4.8 4.6 -0.2

Nebraska

39 42 40 38 39 1 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.7 0.1

Nevada

76 64 65 64 59 -5 5.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 3.8 -0.3

New Hampshire

27 28 25 29 30 1 3.9 4.0 3.6 4.2 4.3 0.1

New Jersey

139 161 168 146 174 28 3.3 3.7 3.9 3.4 4.0 0.6

New Mexico

42 37 34 39 33 -6 4.9 4.3 3.9 4.5 3.8 -0.7

New York

295 277 282 287 298 11 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 0.1

North Carolina

227 222 204 183 206 23 4.7 4.5 4.2 3.7 4.2 0.5

North Dakota

20 21 19 17 17 0 4.7 4.8 4.3 3.9 3.9 0.0

Ohio

232 214 200 189 196 7 4.2 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 0.1

Oklahoma

87 80 78 85 80 -5 5.1 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.6 -0.3

Oregon

114 88 77 70 72 2 5.8 4.4 3.9 3.5 3.6 0.1

Pennsylvania

221 205 181 177 187 10 3.7 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.0 0.1

Rhode Island

22 21 19 19 21 2 4.4 4.2 3.8 3.9 4.3 0.4

South Carolina

104 114 112 100 106 6 4.6 5.0 4.9 4.3 4.6 0.3

South Dakota

21 20 20 18 18 0 4.6 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.9 0.0

Tennessee

164 172 154 158 152 -6 5.0 5.2 4.6 4.8 4.6 -0.2

Texas

628 619 572 526 612 86 4.6 4.4 4.1 3.8 4.4 0.6

Utah

79 73 68 64 56 -8 4.7 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.2 -0.5

Vermont

13 13 12 11 13 2 4.3 4.2 3.9 3.6 4.2 0.6

Virginia

160 174 177 179 163 -16 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.3 3.9 -0.4

Washington

125 149 119 123 112 -11 3.5 4.1 3.3 3.4 3.1 -0.3

West Virginia

33 34 33 36 33 -3 4.8 4.9 4.7 5.1 4.7 -0.4

Wisconsin

115 124 108 100 111 11 3.9 4.1 3.6 3.3 3.7 0.4

Wyoming

15 13 13 13 12 -1 5.3 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.1 -0.4

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

6,244 5,925 5,691 5,638 5,676 38 4.1 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.6 0.0


Alabama

108 104 87 101 97 -4 5.1 4.8 4.0 4.7 4.5 -0.2

Alaska

30 17 16 20 23 3 9.4 5.2 4.9 6.1 7.0 0.9

Arizona

144 119 160 131 121 -10 4.6 3.8 5.1 4.1 3.8 -0.3

Arkansas

60 66 54 56 56 0 4.5 4.8 4.0 4.1 4.1 0.0

California

652 522 518 496 468 -28 3.7 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 -0.1

Colorado

114 106 110 106 115 9 4.0 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.9 0.3

Connecticut

56 64 56 60 47 -13 3.3 3.8 3.3 3.5 2.8 -0.7

Delaware

22 30 23 23 22 -1 4.6 6.2 4.7 4.8 4.6 -0.2

District of Columbia

25 28 25 25 24 -1 3.3 3.6 3.2 3.2 3.1 -0.1

Florida

433 408 412 363 328 -35 4.6 4.2 4.2 3.7 3.4 -0.3

Georgia

279 247 191 203 210 7 5.8 5.0 3.9 4.1 4.3 0.2

Hawaii

24 20 19 21 21 0 3.8 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.3 0.0

Idaho

44 36 35 39 40 1 5.3 4.2 4.1 4.6 4.7 0.1

Illinois

202 210 216 186 253 67 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.0 4.1 1.1

Indiana

140 132 131 132 132 0 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 0.0

Iowa

64 57 59 60 69 9 4.1 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.3 0.5

Kansas

53 54 65 49 58 9 3.7 3.7 4.5 3.4 4.0 0.6

Kentucky

94 99 84 85 84 -1 4.8 4.9 4.2 4.2 4.2 0.0

Louisiana

91 107 92 86 99 13 4.7 5.5 4.7 4.4 5.0 0.6

Maine

25 29 22 22 19 -3 3.9 4.5 3.4 3.4 2.9 -0.5

Maryland

114 117 95 103 110 7 4.2 4.3 3.5 3.8 4.0 0.2

Massachusetts

119 104 103 97 72 -25 3.2 2.8 2.7 2.6 1.9 -0.7

Michigan

134 164 154 152 158 6 3.1 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.6 0.2

Minnesota

108 101 111 110 129 19 3.7 3.4 3.7 3.7 4.3 0.6

Mississippi

65 63 51 60 53 -7 5.6 5.4 4.3 5.1 4.5 -0.6

Missouri

115 107 98 102 117 15 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.9 0.5

Montana

31 27 27 29 27 -2 6.0 5.2 5.2 5.6 5.2 -0.4

Nebraska

37 38 37 38 47 9 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 4.5 0.9

Nevada

67 65 65 64 62 -2 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.0 -0.1

New Hampshire

33 30 31 30 23 -7 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.3 3.3 -1.0

New Jersey

154 125 128 153 121 -32 3.6 2.9 3.0 3.5 2.8 -0.7

New Mexico

36 33 36 37 33 -4 4.2 3.8 4.1 4.3 3.8 -0.5

New York

278 283 256 250 267 17 2.9 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.7 0.1

North Carolina

206 217 198 202 218 16 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.1 4.4 0.3

North Dakota

18 16 20 18 22 4 4.2 3.7 4.6 4.1 5.0 0.9

Ohio

229 211 200 213 213 0 4.1 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 0.0

Oklahoma

80 75 76 74 71 -3 4.7 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.1 -0.2

Oregon

94 79 73 76 77 1 4.8 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.8 0.0

Pennsylvania

217 193 203 182 170 -12 3.6 3.2 3.3 3.0 2.8 -0.2

Rhode Island

21 21 17 20 17 -3 4.2 4.2 3.4 4.1 3.4 -0.7

South Carolina

107 104 96 100 106 6 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.6 0.3

South Dakota

16 18 19 20 21 1 3.5 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 0.2

Tennessee

163 166 133 143 141 -2 5.0 5.0 4.0 4.3 4.2 -0.1

Texas

608 554 571 541 561 20 4.5 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.0 0.1

Utah

79 79 70 75 77 2 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.3 4.5 0.2

Vermont

13 14 12 13 11 -2 4.3 4.6 3.9 4.2 3.6 -0.6

Virginia

153 184 164 175 164 -11 3.7 4.4 4.0 4.2 3.9 -0.3

Washington

118 120 114 136 130 -6 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.7 3.6 -0.1

West Virginia

34 35 37 35 35 0 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.0 5.0 0.0

Wisconsin

113 110 103 111 120 9 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.7 4.0 0.3

Wyoming

20 15 15 15 16 1 7.0 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.5 0.4

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

4,242 4,067 3,802 3,619 3,638 19 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.3 0.0


Alabama

78 81 62 63 68 5 3.7 3.8 2.9 2.9 3.2 0.3

Alaska

18 11 11 11 13 2 5.6 3.4 3.4 3.4 4.0 0.6

Arizona

105 90 104 94 83 -11 3.4 2.9 3.3 3.0 2.6 -0.4

Arkansas

42 48 37 37 39 2 3.1 3.5 2.7 2.7 2.8 0.1

California

419 341 340 312 279 -33 2.4 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.5 -0.2

Colorado

70 72 75 67 82 15 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.8 0.5

Connecticut

37 42 33 33 23 -10 2.2 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.4 -0.6

Delaware

16 21 16 15 15 0 3.4 4.3 3.3 3.1 3.1 0.0

District of Columbia

17 20 18 16 16 0 2.2 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 0.0

Florida

287 293 297 273 216 -57 3.0 3.0 3.1 2.8 2.2 -0.6

Georgia

179 164 128 143 138 -5 3.7 3.3 2.6 2.9 2.8 -0.1

Hawaii

16 13 12 12 13 1 2.6 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.1 0.2

Idaho

29 25 24 25 26 1 3.5 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.0 0.1

Illinois

130 136 149 112 140 28 2.1 2.2 2.4 1.8 2.3 0.5

Indiana

89 90 89 84 91 7 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.8 0.2

Iowa

43 35 36 38 45 7 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.8 0.4

Kansas

35 37 44 31 38 7 2.5 2.6 3.0 2.1 2.6 0.5

Kentucky

67 73 56 59 60 1 3.4 3.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 0.1

Louisiana

63 73 62 58 71 13 3.3 3.7 3.2 3.0 3.6 0.6

Maine

16 20 13 11 10 -1 2.5 3.1 2.0 1.7 1.5 -0.2

Maryland

74 80 64 62 73 11 2.7 2.9 2.3 2.3 2.6 0.3

Massachusetts

85 63 58 48 44 -4 2.3 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.2 -0.1

Michigan

91 103 105 92 95 3 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.1 0.0

Minnesota

74 70 74 70 68 -2 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 0.0

Mississippi

45 42 36 37 37 0 3.9 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.2 0.0

Missouri

74 75 62 66 79 13 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.6 0.4

Montana

21 19 18 16 17 1 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.1 3.3 0.2

Nebraska

25 24 24 24 30 6 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.9 0.6

Nevada

45 45 45 41 41 0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.6 2.6 0.0

New Hampshire

18 17 19 15 12 -3 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.1 1.7 -0.4

New Jersey

113 76 68 90 71 -19 2.6 1.8 1.6 2.1 1.6 -0.5

New Mexico

25 23 25 21 21 0 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.4 2.4 0.0

New York

174 187 141 138 118 -20 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.2 -0.2

North Carolina

143 155 143 135 144 9 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.9 0.2

North Dakota

11 12 13 11 14 3 2.6 2.8 3.0 2.5 3.2 0.7

Ohio

155 141 132 137 146 9 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.6 0.2

Oklahoma

58 53 55 50 46 -4 3.4 3.1 3.2 2.9 2.7 -0.2

Oregon

58 53 49 46 47 1 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.3 0.0

Pennsylvania

156 123 126 122 108 -14 2.6 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 -0.2

Rhode Island

13 13 10 9 9 0 2.6 2.6 2.0 1.8 1.8 0.0

South Carolina

72 76 69 69 76 7 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.3 0.3

South Dakota

11 12 13 12 13 1 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.8 0.2

Tennessee

114 122 94 95 100 5 3.5 3.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 0.1

Texas

468 415 411 373 410 37 3.4 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.9 0.2

Utah

57 54 46 49 50 1 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.9 0.1

Vermont

9 9 7 7 7 0 3.0 2.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 0.0

Virginia

105 134 111 109 113 4 2.6 3.2 2.7 2.6 2.7 0.1

Washington

79 81 73 81 77 -4 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.1 -0.1

West Virginia

24 24 24 23 24 1 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4 0.1

Wisconsin

77 73 71 69 73 4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 0.1

Wyoming

12 10 10 9 10 1 4.2 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.4 0.3

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)
Aug.
2022
May
2023
June
2023
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Change from:
July 2023 -
Aug. 2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

1,627 1,546 1,551 1,681 1,680 -1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.0


Alabama

25 20 20 34 24 -10 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.1 -0.5

Alaska

10 4 5 7 8 1 3.1 1.2 1.5 2.1 2.4 0.3

Arizona

33 22 51 30 32 2 1.1 0.7 1.6 1.0 1.0 0.0

Arkansas

15 15 14 16 14 -2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 -0.2

California

188 150 148 164 155 -9 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.0

Colorado

36 29 31 34 27 -7 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9 -0.3

Connecticut

14 17 16 23 20 -3 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.2 -0.2

Delaware

6 7 6 7 6 -1 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.2 -0.2

District of Columbia

6 6 6 7 6 -1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 -0.1

Florida

112 99 96 74 82 8 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.0

Georgia

91 73 50 51 61 10 1.9 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.2

Hawaii

7 6 6 6 6 0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.0

Idaho

13 10 10 11 11 0 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.0

Illinois

57 64 55 63 100 37 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.6 0.6

Indiana

41 34 34 42 35 -7 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.1 -0.2

Iowa

17 18 19 18 20 2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 0.2

Kansas

15 14 17 14 18 4 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.2

Kentucky

22 21 24 22 20 -2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.0 -0.1

Louisiana

22 25 24 24 23 -1 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.0

Maine

7 7 7 9 7 -2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.1 -0.3

Maryland

31 31 25 34 29 -5 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.1 -0.1

Massachusetts

26 31 35 44 20 -24 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.5 -0.7

Michigan

36 52 38 51 54 3 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.0

Minnesota

28 25 31 31 56 25 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.9 0.9

Mississippi

18 19 12 20 13 -7 1.5 1.6 1.0 1.7 1.1 -0.6

Missouri

34 24 28 28 31 3 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.1

Montana

9 7 8 9 8 -1 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.5 -0.2

Nebraska

9 12 10 11 14 3 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3 0.2

Nevada

19 17 18 18 17 -1 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 -0.1

New Hampshire

9 11 9 13 9 -4 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.9 1.3 -0.6

New Jersey

32 37 47 55 35 -20 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 0.8 -0.5

New Mexico

9 8 10 12 9 -3 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.0 -0.4

New York

82 84 91 99 128 29 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.3 0.3

North Carolina

47 51 44 51 62 11 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.3 0.3

North Dakota

6 4 5 6 7 1 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.6 0.2

Ohio

61 57 56 65 60 -5 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 -0.1

Oklahoma

18 19 18 19 21 2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.1

Oregon

27 21 22 23 24 1 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.1

Pennsylvania

51 58 55 52 49 -3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.0

Rhode Island

6 7 6 9 7 -2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.8 1.4 -0.4

South Carolina

25 22 22 27 26 -1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 -0.1

South Dakota

4 5 5 6 7 1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.5 0.2

Tennessee

42 38 32 43 33 -10 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.0 -0.3

Texas

125 119 141 119 131 12 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.0

Utah

19 21 22 22 21 -1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 -0.1

Vermont

3 4 3 5 3 -2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.0 -0.6

Virginia

39 43 46 57 41 -16 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 -0.4

Washington

31 31 35 46 39 -7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.1 -0.2

West Virginia

8 9 10 10 9 -1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 -0.1

Wisconsin

30 32 25 33 40 7 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.3 0.2

Wyoming

7 5 5 4 4 0 2.5 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.4 0.0

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

10,370 9,660 9,577 6.3 5.8 5.8


Alabama

141 135 138 6.3 5.9 6.1

Alaska

39 28 37 10.4 7.6 9.7

Arizona

264 206 222 7.9 6.2 6.6

Arkansas

105 89 97 7.3 6.1 6.7

California

1,167 1,040 1,011 6.2 5.5 5.3

Colorado

205 197 203 6.6 6.3 6.5

Connecticut

114 98 94 6.4 5.5 5.3

Delaware

30 44 28 6.0 8.3 5.5

District of Columbia

35 51 34 4.4 6.1 4.2

Florida

623 608 596 6.2 5.9 5.8

Georgia

388 347 348 7.4 6.6 6.6

Hawaii

39 38 36 6.0 5.7 5.5

Idaho

56 59 53 6.3 6.4 5.8

Illinois

403 369 398 6.2 5.6 6.1

Indiana

198 175 172 5.8 5.1 5.0

Iowa

98 80 83 5.9 4.8 5.0

Kansas

99 97 90 6.6 6.3 5.9

Kentucky

166 120 132 7.8 5.7 6.1

Louisiana

144 140 144 7.0 6.7 6.9

Maine

42 46 38 6.0 6.4 5.5

Maryland

170 197 160 5.9 6.7 5.5

Massachusetts

257 247 237 6.5 6.1 5.8

Michigan

274 224 240 5.9 4.8 5.1

Minnesota

204 216 208 6.4 6.7 6.4

Mississippi

95 91 93 7.6 7.3 7.4

Missouri

187 181 183 6.0 5.7 5.8

Montana

39 38 36 7.0 6.7 6.3

Nebraska

65 59 62 6.0 5.3 5.6

Nevada

101 92 103 6.3 5.6 6.2

New Hampshire

46 55 42 6.2 7.3 5.6

New Jersey

249 254 199 5.5 5.5 4.4

New Mexico

76 75 72 8.2 8.0 7.7

New York

517 493 501 5.1 4.8 4.9

North Carolina

347 345 335 6.7 6.6 6.4

North Dakota

28 27 28 6.2 5.8 6.1

Ohio

363 330 351 6.1 5.5 5.8

Oklahoma

130 112 118 7.1 6.1 6.4

Oregon

134 121 120 6.4 5.7 5.7

Pennsylvania

372 339 354 5.9 5.2 5.4

Rhode Island

38 30 32 7.1 5.6 6.1

South Carolina

160 184 168 6.6 7.4 6.8

South Dakota

31 24 31 6.4 5.0 6.1

Tennessee

254 218 239 7.2 6.2 6.8

Texas

953 877 849 6.6 5.9 5.8

Utah

113 110 134 6.3 6.0 7.2

Vermont

19 21 16 5.9 6.4 5.1

Virginia

309 267 263 7.0 6.0 6.0

Washington

207 211 191 5.5 5.4 5.0

West Virginia

57 60 53 7.6 7.8 7.0

Wisconsin

196 174 184 6.1 5.4 5.7

Wyoming

22 20 19 6.9 6.4 6.0

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

7,301 6,305 6,556 4.8 4.0 4.2


Alabama

105 100 105 5.0 4.7 4.9

Alaska

26 20 21 7.8 5.9 6.1

Arizona

189 139 162 6.1 4.5 5.2

Arkansas

85 61 80 6.4 4.5 5.9

California

801 671 588 4.5 3.7 3.3

Colorado

136 100 106 4.7 3.4 3.6

Connecticut

62 64 68 3.7 3.8 4.0

Delaware

23 36 22 4.8 7.3 4.5

District of Columbia

23 34 23 3.0 4.3 2.9

Florida

455 373 433 4.8 3.9 4.5

Georgia

311 267 266 6.4 5.5 5.4

Hawaii

27 26 24 4.4 4.1 3.9

Idaho

49 44 34 5.8 5.1 4.0

Illinois

291 218 265 4.8 3.5 4.3

Indiana

171 151 141 5.3 4.6 4.3

Iowa

64 54 54 4.1 3.4 3.4

Kansas

66 62 65 4.7 4.3 4.5

Kentucky

135 83 127 6.9 4.2 6.3

Louisiana

118 122 117 6.1 6.2 6.0

Maine

24 28 24 3.6 4.3 3.6

Maryland

100 135 98 3.7 4.9 3.5

Massachusetts

111 141 122 3.0 3.7 3.2

Michigan

184 163 160 4.2 3.7 3.6

Minnesota

128 115 110 4.3 3.8 3.7

Mississippi

77 63 66 6.7 5.4 5.6

Missouri

150 101 122 5.1 3.4 4.1

Montana

33 28 25 6.4 5.3 4.7

Nebraska

45 38 43 4.4 3.6 4.1

Nevada

92 66 70 6.1 4.2 4.5

New Hampshire

28 36 33 4.1 5.1 4.7

New Jersey

135 163 168 3.2 3.7 3.9

New Mexico

58 47 45 6.8 5.4 5.1

New York

303 346 307 3.2 3.6 3.2

North Carolina

255 197 232 5.3 4.0 4.7

North Dakota

22 16 19 5.2 3.8 4.4

Ohio

260 193 221 4.7 3.4 3.9

Oklahoma

102 89 95 6.0 5.2 5.5

Oregon

122 82 76 6.2 4.1 3.8

Pennsylvania

238 178 202 4.0 2.9 3.3

Rhode Island

24 19 22 4.7 3.9 4.4

South Carolina

116 108 118 5.1 4.7 5.1

South Dakota

25 17 21 5.5 3.6 4.6

Tennessee

188 168 176 5.8 5.1 5.3

Texas

735 564 731 5.4 4.1 5.3

Utah

94 68 64 5.6 4.0 3.7

Vermont

12 13 12 3.9 4.3 4.1

Virginia

189 189 187 4.6 4.6 4.5

Washington

138 146 118 3.9 4.0 3.2

West Virginia

38 41 38 5.5 5.8 5.4

Wisconsin

121 108 117 4.0 3.6 3.9

Wyoming

16 15 13 5.5 4.9 4.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

7,351 6,175 6,805 4.8 4.0 4.4


Alabama

126 109 116 6.0 5.1 5.4

Alaska

39 17 33 11.4 5.0 9.7

Arizona

154 158 127 5.0 5.1 4.0

Arkansas

68 71 64 5.1 5.3 4.7

California

769 537 551 4.3 3.0 3.1

Colorado

153 117 150 5.3 4.0 5.1

Connecticut

69 68 63 4.1 4.0 3.7

Delaware

27 23 25 5.7 4.7 5.2

District of Columbia

33 30 30 4.4 3.8 3.9

Florida

480 390 372 5.1 4.0 3.8

Georgia

309 226 238 6.4 4.6 4.8

Hawaii

31 24 29 5.1 3.8 4.6

Idaho

54 44 51 6.4 5.1 5.9

Illinois

235 188 287 3.9 3.1 4.7

Indiana

172 149 163 5.3 4.6 5.0

Iowa

80 62 91 5.1 3.9 5.7

Kansas

64 53 74 4.5 3.7 5.2

Kentucky

114 97 101 5.8 4.8 5.0

Louisiana

104 91 113 5.4 4.7 5.8

Maine

29 19 23 4.4 2.9 3.4

Maryland

141 109 137 5.2 3.9 5.0

Massachusetts

150 98 102 4.0 2.6 2.7

Michigan

157 172 183 3.6 3.9 4.1

Minnesota

118 112 145 4.0 3.7 4.8

Mississippi

78 68 66 6.7 5.8 5.7

Missouri

134 115 142 4.6 3.8 4.8

Montana

36 31 33 7.0 5.9 6.2

Nebraska

43 40 54 4.2 3.8 5.2

Nevada

78 74 71 5.2 4.8 4.5

New Hampshire

37 28 28 5.4 3.9 4.0

New Jersey

189 186 143 4.4 4.3 3.3

New Mexico

46 43 43 5.4 5.0 5.0

New York

351 286 359 3.7 2.9 3.7

North Carolina

245 227 264 5.1 4.6 5.3

North Dakota

22 18 27 5.1 4.2 6.1

Ohio

262 235 257 4.7 4.2 4.5

Oklahoma

98 83 85 5.8 4.8 5.0

Oregon

114 89 97 5.8 4.5 4.9

Pennsylvania

248 200 209 4.1 3.3 3.4

Rhode Island

24 21 20 4.7 4.2 4.1

South Carolina

122 108 121 5.4 4.7 5.3

South Dakota

20 18 27 4.4 4.0 5.8

Tennessee

181 159 158 5.6 4.8 4.8

Texas

719 583 670 5.3 4.2 4.8

Utah

94 79 94 5.6 4.6 5.4

Vermont

15 12 13 4.8 3.9 4.3

Virginia

183 181 193 4.5 4.4 4.7

Washington

144 152 154 4.0 4.1 4.2

West Virginia

41 44 42 5.9 6.2 5.9

Wisconsin

130 114 147 4.3 3.8 4.8

Wyoming

23 16 20 8.0 5.2 6.7

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

5,180 4,116 4,547 3.4 2.6 2.9


Alabama

94 69 83 4.5 3.2 3.9

Alaska

23 9 19 6.9 2.6 5.6

Arizona

115 113 88 3.7 3.7 2.8

Arkansas

50 46 47 3.7 3.4 3.4

California

508 362 336 2.9 2.0 1.9

Colorado

95 75 108 3.3 2.5 3.7

Connecticut

46 41 33 2.8 2.4 2.0

Delaware

20 15 18 4.1 3.1 3.8

District of Columbia

24 18 22 3.1 2.3 2.8

Florida

318 296 247 3.4 3.1 2.5

Georgia

216 161 166 4.5 3.3 3.4

Hawaii

21 14 19 3.4 2.2 3.0

Idaho

39 28 35 4.6 3.3 4.1

Illinois

169 126 183 2.8 2.0 3.0

Indiana

109 99 113 3.4 3.0 3.5

Iowa

56 41 60 3.6 2.6 3.8

Kansas

43 37 49 3.0 2.6 3.4

Kentucky

85 68 77 4.3 3.4 3.8

Louisiana

75 63 85 3.9 3.2 4.3

Maine

20 11 14 3.1 1.7 2.1

Maryland

96 68 95 3.5 2.5 3.5

Massachusetts

105 53 64 2.8 1.4 1.7

Michigan

119 111 124 2.7 2.5 2.8

Minnesota

84 75 79 2.8 2.5 2.6

Mississippi

55 41 48 4.7 3.5 4.1

Missouri

87 79 97 3.0 2.6 3.2

Montana

25 17 21 4.9 3.3 4.0

Nebraska

30 27 37 3.0 2.6 3.5

Nevada

55 47 49 3.7 3.0 3.1

New Hampshire

21 16 16 3.1 2.3 2.2

New Jersey

139 117 86 3.3 2.7 2.0

New Mexico

32 24 28 3.7 2.7 3.3

New York

228 170 176 2.4 1.7 1.8

North Carolina

174 149 176 3.6 3.1 3.6

North Dakota

15 13 17 3.4 2.9 4.0

Ohio

180 157 181 3.2 2.8 3.2

Oklahoma

74 58 58 4.4 3.4 3.4

Oregon

76 54 62 3.9 2.7 3.1

Pennsylvania

187 143 142 3.1 2.3 2.3

Rhode Island

16 11 12 3.2 2.3 2.3

South Carolina

83 73 89 3.7 3.2 3.8

South Dakota

14 12 18 3.0 2.6 3.8

Tennessee

130 108 118 4.0 3.3 3.6

Texas

581 409 515 4.3 2.9 3.7

Utah

72 52 65 4.3 3.0 3.8

Vermont

10 8 8 3.4 2.5 2.6

Virginia

130 119 137 3.2 2.9 3.3

Washington

99 96 95 2.8 2.6 2.6

West Virginia

30 28 30 4.3 4.0 4.3

Wisconsin

91 79 92 3.0 2.6 3.0

Wyoming

15 9 14 5.1 3.2 4.7

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted
State Levels (in thousands) Rates
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)
Aug.
2022
July
2023
Aug.
2023(p)

TOTAL U.S.

1,755 1,658 1,846 1.1 1.1 1.2


Alabama

26 35 27 1.2 1.6 1.3

Alaska

14 6 12 4.1 1.7 3.4

Arizona

34 33 33 1.1 1.1 1.0

Arkansas

15 21 14 1.1 1.5 1.1

California

214 148 182 1.2 0.8 1.0

Colorado

51 36 36 1.8 1.2 1.2

Connecticut

17 23 25 1.0 1.3 1.5

Delaware

6 7 6 1.3 1.4 1.2

District of Columbia

7 8 6 0.9 1.0 0.8

Florida

119 76 82 1.3 0.8 0.8

Georgia

83 56 60 1.7 1.2 1.2

Hawaii

8 6 8 1.4 1.0 1.3

Idaho

13 12 12 1.5 1.4 1.4

Illinois

50 50 91 0.8 0.8 1.5

Indiana

50 42 43 1.6 1.3 1.3

Iowa

20 16 26 1.3 1.0 1.7

Kansas

17 12 22 1.2 0.9 1.5

Kentucky

24 23 20 1.2 1.1 1.0

Louisiana

22 24 23 1.2 1.2 1.2

Maine

7 6 7 1.0 1.0 1.1

Maryland

33 33 30 1.2 1.2 1.1

Massachusetts

36 38 30 1.0 1.0 0.8

Michigan

30 49 49 0.7 1.1 1.1

Minnesota

27 26 60 0.9 0.9 2.0

Mississippi

20 23 15 1.7 2.0 1.3

Missouri

38 27 38 1.3 0.9 1.3

Montana

10 10 9 1.8 1.9 1.8

Nebraska

10 10 15 1.0 0.9 1.4

Nevada

20 21 18 1.3 1.4 1.2

New Hampshire

10 10 9 1.5 1.4 1.3

New Jersey

39 58 39 0.9 1.3 0.9

New Mexico

12 14 12 1.5 1.6 1.4

New York

101 101 157 1.1 1.0 1.6

North Carolina

51 59 72 1.1 1.2 1.5

North Dakota

6 4 8 1.3 0.9 1.8

Ohio

66 66 66 1.2 1.2 1.2

Oklahoma

19 20 23 1.1 1.1 1.3

Oregon

29 26 28 1.5 1.3 1.4

Pennsylvania

48 47 48 0.8 0.8 0.8

Rhode Island

6 8 7 1.2 1.6 1.4

South Carolina

26 30 27 1.1 1.3 1.2

South Dakota

5 5 8 1.1 1.0 1.7

Tennessee

44 44 33 1.4 1.3 1.0

Texas

120 123 130 0.9 0.9 0.9

Utah

19 21 22 1.1 1.2 1.3

Vermont

3 4 4 1.1 1.2 1.3

Virginia

43 54 45 1.1 1.3 1.1

Washington

36 45 45 1.0 1.2 1.2

West Virginia

9 13 9 1.3 1.8 1.3

Wisconsin

31 25 47 1.0 0.8 1.6

Wyoming

7 4 5 2.5 1.4 1.6

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Last Modified Date: October 18, 2023