State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, November 20, 2024	USDL-24-2364
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – SEPTEMBER 2024

Job openings rates decreased in 4 states and increased in 1 state on the last business day of September, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates increased in 3 states and decreased in 2 
states. Total separations rates increased in 3 states and decreased in 1 state. Nationally, the job openings 
and hires rates showed little change in September, and the total separations rate was unchanged.

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In September, job openings rates decreased in 4 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 
45 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in job openings rates occurred in Georgia  
(-1.3 percentage points), Oklahoma (-1.1 points), and Texas (-0.9 point). The increase occurred in 
Arkansas (+1.5 points). Over the month, the national job openings rate changed little. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings decreased in 7 states, increased in 1 state, and was little changed in 42 
states and the District of Columbia in September. The largest decreases in the job openings level 
occurred in Texas (-134,000), Georgia (-74,000), and Florida (-52,000). The increase occurred in 
Arkansas (+23,000). Nationally, the number of job openings changed little. (See table 1.)

Hires

In September, hires rates increased in 3 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed in 45 states 
and the District of Columbia. The increases in the hires rate occurred in Montana  
(+1.2 percentage points), Michigan (+0.9 point), and Minnesota (+0.6 point). The decreases occurred in 
Massachusetts (-2.1 points) and Maine (-1.1 points). The national hires rate changed little over the 
month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires increased in 3 states, decreased in 2 states, and was little changed in 45 states and 
the District of Columbia in September. The increases in the hires level occurred in Michigan  
(+41,000), Minnesota (+17,000), and Montana (+7,000). The decreases occurred in Massachusetts  
(-79,000) and Maine (-7,000). Nationally, the number of hires changed little over the month.  
(See table 2.)

Total Separations

In September, total separations rates increased in 3 states, decreased in 1 state, and were little changed 
in 46 states and the District of Columbia. The increases in total separations rates occurred in New 
Hampshire (+1.0 percentage point), New Jersey (+0.8 point), and New York (+0.8 point). The decrease 
occurred in Illinois (-0.9 point). Over the month, the national total separations rate was unchanged.  
(See table 3.)

The number of total separations increased in 5 states, decreased in 1 state, and was little changed in 44 
states and the District of Columbia in September. The largest increases in the total separations level 
occurred in New York (+81,000), New Jersey (+35,000), and North Carolina (+33,000). The decrease 
occurred in Illinois (-57,000). Nationally, the number of total separations was unchanged. (See table 3.)
 
Quits

In September, quits rates increased in 2 states, decreased in 1 state, and were little changed in 47 states 
and the District of Columbia. The increases in quits rates occurred in Louisiana (+0.7 percentage point) 
and Maryland (+0.6 point). The decrease occurred in Illinois (-0.8 point). Over the month, the national 
quits rate changed little. (See table 4.)

The number of quits increased in 3 states, decreased in 2 states, and was little changed in 45 states and 
the District of Columbia in September. The increases occurred in Indiana (+19,000), Maryland 
(+17,000), and Louisiana (+13,000). The decreases occurred in Illinois (-49,000) and Colorado  
(-17,000). Nationally, the number of quits changed little over the month. (See table 4.)

Layoffs and Discharges 

In September, layoffs and discharges rates increased in 4 states and were little changed in 46 states and 
the District of Columbia. The largest increases occurred in New Jersey (+1.0 percentage point), New 
Hampshire (+0.7 point), and New York (+0.6 point). Over the month, the national layoffs and 
discharges rate increased (+0.2 point). (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges increased in 5 states, decreased in 1 state, and was little changed 
in 44 states and the District of Columbia in September. The largest increases in the layoffs and 
discharges level occurred in New York (+66,000), New Jersey (+45,000), and North Carolina (+24,000). 
The decrease occurred in Arkansas (-7,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little 
changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  

______________	
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for October 2024 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, December 17, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional to the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component ofthe Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,307	7,910	7,711	7,861	7,443	-418	5.6	4.8	4.6	4.7	4.5	-0.2
Alabama	141	120	130	127	123	-4	6.1	5.1	5.5	5.4	5.3	-0.1
Alaska	28	25	23	23	25	2	7.8	6.9	6.4	6.4	6.9	0.5
Arizona	190	192	177	179	178	-1	5.6	5.6	5.1	5.2	5.2	0.0
Arkansas	98	78	74	79	102	23	6.7	5.4	5.1	5.4	6.9	1.5
California	855	633	640	614	554	-60	4.6	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.0	-0.3
Colorado	206	193	185	150	151	1	6.5	6.1	5.8	4.8	4.8	0.0
Connecticut	93	89	78	80	80	0	5.2	4.9	4.4	4.5	4.5	0.0
Delaware	32	27	27	27	25	-2	6.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	4.9	-0.3
District of Columbia	46	36	41	36	36	0	5.7	4.5	5.1	4.5	4.4	-0.1
Florida	594	504	514	476	424	-52	5.7	4.8	4.9	4.6	4.1	-0.5
Georgia	348	272	293	330	256	-74	6.6	5.2	5.6	6.2	4.9	-1.3
Hawaii	34	28	26	26	26	0	5.1	4.2	3.9	3.9	3.9	0.0
Idaho	53	47	44	46	45	-1	5.9	5.1	4.8	5.0	4.9	-0.1
Illinois	388	342	338	292	285	-7	6.0	5.3	5.2	4.5	4.4	-0.1
Indiana	161	142	141	145	141	-4	4.7	4.1	4.1	4.2	4.1	-0.1
Iowa	80	71	71	79	74	-5	4.8	4.2	4.2	4.7	4.4	-0.3
Kansas	77	70	63	72	74	2	5.1	4.6	4.1	4.7	4.8	0.1
Kentucky	123	139	134	133	128	-5	5.7	6.4	6.2	6.1	5.9	-0.2
Louisiana	143	103	118	110	104	-6	6.8	5.0	5.7	5.3	5.0	-0.3
Maine	41	36	33	36	34	-2	5.9	5.2	4.8	5.2	4.9	-0.3
Maryland	179	158	173	174	150	-24	6.1	5.4	5.9	5.9	5.1	-0.8
Massachusetts	240	213	177	192	192	0	6.1	5.4	4.5	4.9	4.9	0.0
Michigan	257	212	213	209	228	19	5.4	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.8	0.3
Minnesota	195	177	139	186	191	5	6.1	5.6	4.4	5.8	5.9	0.1
Mississippi	82	66	74	65	57	-8	6.5	5.3	5.8	5.2	4.6	-0.6
Missouri	175	161	144	170	176	6	5.5	5.0	4.5	5.3	5.4	0.1
Montana	36	35	30	32	31	-1	6.5	6.1	5.3	5.6	5.4	-0.2
Nebraska	59	49	42	53	52	-1	5.3	4.4	3.8	4.7	4.6	-0.1
Nevada	100	74	71	73	72	-1	6.1	4.5	4.3	4.4	4.4	0.0
New Hampshire	40	38	34	35	40	5	5.4	5.1	4.6	4.7	5.3	0.6
New Jersey	240	228	209	210	220	10	5.2	4.9	4.6	4.6	4.8	0.2
New Mexico	55	52	45	50	53	3	5.9	5.5	4.8	5.3	5.6	0.3
New York	470	496	397	487	492	5	4.6	4.8	3.9	4.7	4.7	0.0
North Carolina	314	272	284	256	279	23	6.0	5.1	5.4	4.8	5.3	0.5
North Dakota	28	24	23	24	26	2	6.0	5.1	4.9	5.1	5.5	0.4
Ohio	350	257	282	304	272	-32	5.8	4.3	4.7	5.1	4.6	-0.5
Oklahoma	114	100	119	118	96	-22	6.1	5.3	6.3	6.2	5.1	-1.1
Oregon	118	109	106	102	103	1	5.6	5.2	5.1	4.9	4.9	0.0
Pennsylvania	375	314	285	300	271	-29	5.8	4.8	4.4	4.6	4.2	-0.4
Rhode Island	32	28	25	27	30	3	5.9	5.2	4.7	5.0	5.5	0.5
South Carolina	168	139	146	149	128	-21	6.8	5.5	5.8	5.9	5.1	-0.8
South Dakota	27	25	23	25	24	-1	5.5	5.1	4.7	5.1	4.9	-0.2
Tennessee	304	165	166	164	169	5	8.4	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.8	0.1
Texas	788	638	607	659	525	-134	5.3	4.3	4.1	4.4	3.5	-0.9
Utah	106	92	82	88	88	0	5.8	5.0	4.5	4.8	4.7	-0.1
Vermont	19	18	16	16	17	1	5.8	5.4	4.8	4.8	5.1	0.3
Virginia	263	245	278	268	244	-24	5.9	5.4	6.1	5.9	5.4	-0.5
Washington	166	160	161	155	150	-5	4.4	4.2	4.2	4.1	3.9	-0.2
West Virginia	57	45	48	46	43	-3	7.4	5.9	6.3	6.0	5.6	-0.4
Wisconsin	201	154	145	148	141	-7	6.3	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.4	-0.2
Wyoming	19	17	15	16	16	0	6.1	5.5	4.9	5.2	5.1	-0.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,851	5,248	5,416	5,435	5,558	123	3.7	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.5	0.1
Alabama	94	78	77	83	80	-3	4.3	3.5	3.5	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Alaska	18	19	18	18	19	1	5.4	5.6	5.3	5.3	5.6	0.3
Arizona	131	126	142	114	128	14	4.1	3.9	4.4	3.5	3.9	0.4
Arkansas	64	61	45	54	59	5	4.7	4.4	3.3	3.9	4.3	0.4
California	553	420	511	514	530	16	3.1	2.3	2.8	2.8	2.9	0.1
Colorado	98	132	111	101	106	5	3.3	4.4	3.7	3.4	3.5	0.1
Connecticut	57	60	64	61	57	-4	3.4	3.5	3.7	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Delaware	25	20	18	19	21	2	5.1	4.1	3.7	3.9	4.3	0.4
District of Columbia	26	20	20	20	23	3	3.4	2.6	2.6	2.6	3.0	0.4
Florida	427	369	348	430	400	-30	4.4	3.7	3.5	4.3	4.0	-0.3
Georgia	216	158	185	201	199	-2	4.4	3.2	3.7	4.0	4.0	0.0
Hawaii	22	21	23	17	22	5	3.5	3.3	3.6	2.7	3.4	0.7
Idaho	39	41	39	39	41	2	4.6	4.7	4.5	4.5	4.7	0.2
Illinois	184	216	242	185	204	19	3.0	3.5	3.9	3.0	3.3	0.3
Indiana	111	115	122	113	118	5	3.4	3.5	3.7	3.4	3.6	0.2
Iowa	51	52	54	46	55	9	3.2	3.2	3.4	2.9	3.4	0.5
Kansas	47	46	47	47	55	8	3.3	3.1	3.2	3.2	3.8	0.6
Kentucky	104	72	73	74	79	5	5.1	3.5	3.6	3.6	3.9	0.3
Louisiana	112	76	67	77	83	6	5.7	3.9	3.4	3.9	4.2	0.3
Maine	26	25	27	30	23	-7	4.0	3.8	4.1	4.6	3.5	-1.1
Maryland	114	95	100	107	107	0	4.1	3.4	3.6	3.9	3.9	0.0
Massachusetts	122	110	131	162	83	-79	3.3	2.9	3.5	4.3	2.2	-2.1
Michigan	142	154	188	162	203	41	3.2	3.4	4.2	3.6	4.5	0.9
Minnesota	107	87	101	88	105	17	3.6	2.9	3.4	2.9	3.5	0.6
Mississippi	52	39	47	45	45	0	4.4	3.3	3.9	3.8	3.8	0.0
Missouri	106	97	103	94	102	8	3.6	3.2	3.4	3.1	3.3	0.2
Montana	25	29	27	24	31	7	4.8	5.4	5.0	4.5	5.7	1.2
Nebraska	38	38	37	36	38	2	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.4	3.5	0.1
Nevada	61	64	63	61	67	6	3.9	4.0	4.0	3.9	4.2	0.3
New Hampshire	27	27	27	27	26	-1	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.6	-0.2
New Jersey	172	141	136	130	120	-10	4.0	3.2	3.1	3.0	2.7	-0.3
New Mexico	33	31	31	30	36	6	3.8	3.5	3.5	3.4	4.1	0.7
New York	274	296	294	283	272	-11	2.8	3.0	3.0	2.9	2.8	-0.1
North Carolina	200	172	172	173	171	-2	4.0	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	0.0
North Dakota	18	17	18	15	17	2	4.1	3.8	4.1	3.4	3.8	0.4
Ohio	235	200	179	182	187	5	4.2	3.5	3.2	3.2	3.3	0.1
Oklahoma	86	76	77	79	73	-6	4.9	4.3	4.3	4.4	4.1	-0.3
Oregon	77	73	75	65	76	11	3.9	3.7	3.8	3.3	3.8	0.5
Pennsylvania	208	173	210	193	186	-7	3.4	2.8	3.4	3.1	3.0	-0.1
Rhode Island	22	20	21	22	21	-1	4.3	3.9	4.1	4.3	4.1	-0.2
South Carolina	104	103	98	97	102	5	4.5	4.3	4.1	4.1	4.3	0.2
South Dakota	17	18	17	17	18	1	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.9	0.2
Tennessee	155	121	113	125	142	17	4.7	3.6	3.4	3.7	4.3	0.6
Texas	539	466	443	495	520	25	3.9	3.3	3.1	3.5	3.6	0.1
Utah	71	71	71	69	69	0	4.1	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.9	0.0
Vermont	12	12	12	13	12	-1	3.9	3.8	3.8	4.1	3.8	-0.3
Virginia	174	140	145	157	165	8	4.2	3.3	3.4	3.7	3.9	0.2
Washington	111	113	108	107	119	12	3.1	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.2	0.3
West Virginia	33	29	29	29	30	1	4.6	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.2	0.2
Wisconsin	97	95	98	92	97	5	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.0	3.2	0.2
Wyoming	13	14	13	12	14	2	4.5	4.8	4.4	4.1	4.7	0.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,522	5,084	5,314	5,168	5,196	28	3.5	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.3	0.0
Alabama	85	74	78	73	74	1	3.9	3.3	3.5	3.3	3.3	0.0
Alaska	20	18	20	18	17	-1	6.1	5.3	5.9	5.3	5.0	-0.3
Arizona	128	124	132	113	111	-2	4.0	3.8	4.0	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Arkansas	55	53	51	53	49	-4	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.6	-0.3
California	552	487	482	452	423	-29	3.1	2.7	2.7	2.5	2.3	-0.2
Colorado	84	112	122	94	81	-13	2.8	3.7	4.1	3.1	2.7	-0.4
Connecticut	47	58	53	49	58	9	2.8	3.4	3.1	2.9	3.4	0.5
Delaware	22	20	21	17	19	2	4.5	4.1	4.3	3.5	3.9	0.4
District of Columbia	20	20	23	23	20	-3	2.6	2.6	3.0	3.0	2.6	-0.4
Florida	392	298	364	365	385	20	4.0	3.0	3.6	3.7	3.9	0.2
Georgia	190	173	191	180	171	-9	3.9	3.5	3.8	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Hawaii	26	21	20	21	23	2	4.1	3.3	3.1	3.3	3.6	0.3
Idaho	44	40	41	41	40	-1	5.2	4.6	4.7	4.7	4.5	-0.2
Illinois	187	203	178	224	167	-57	3.0	3.3	2.9	3.6	2.7	-0.9
Indiana	116	112	130	122	135	13	3.6	3.4	4.0	3.7	4.1	0.4
Iowa	50	48	54	54	52	-2	3.1	3.0	3.4	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Kansas	53	43	50	56	49	-7	3.7	2.9	3.4	3.8	3.3	-0.5
Kentucky	81	77	78	66	69	3	4.0	3.8	3.8	3.2	3.4	0.2
Louisiana	94	87	89	68	82	14	4.8	4.4	4.5	3.5	4.2	0.7
Maine	23	24	27	24	26	2	3.5	3.7	4.1	3.7	4.0	0.3
Maryland	121	82	106	86	103	17	4.4	3.0	3.8	3.1	3.7	0.6
Massachusetts	83	110	108	89	99	10	2.2	2.9	2.9	2.4	2.6	0.2
Michigan	151	126	140	166	160	-6	3.4	2.8	3.1	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Minnesota	114	84	81	105	102	-3	3.8	2.8	2.7	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Mississippi	51	45	51	43	43	0	4.3	3.8	4.3	3.6	3.6	0.0
Missouri	112	96	108	110	101	-9	3.8	3.1	3.5	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Montana	27	27	27	24	25	1	5.2	5.0	5.0	4.5	4.6	0.1
Nebraska	36	32	40	41	35	-6	3.4	3.0	3.7	3.8	3.3	-0.5
Nevada	54	61	61	57	58	1	3.5	3.8	3.9	3.6	3.7	0.1
New Hampshire	24	29	27	21	28	7	3.4	4.1	3.8	2.9	3.9	1.0
New Jersey	122	145	163	115	150	35	2.8	3.3	3.7	2.6	3.4	0.8
New Mexico	33	30	36	28	31	3	3.8	3.4	4.1	3.2	3.5	0.3
New York	287	256	239	267	348	81	2.9	2.6	2.4	2.7	3.5	0.8
North Carolina	200	157	165	134	167	33	4.0	3.1	3.3	2.7	3.3	0.6
North Dakota	18	15	20	18	17	-1	4.1	3.4	4.5	4.0	3.8	-0.2
Ohio	202	175	189	198	182	-16	3.6	3.1	3.3	3.5	3.2	-0.3
Oklahoma	67	78	68	70	64	-6	3.8	4.4	3.8	3.9	3.6	-0.3
Oregon	74	72	84	71	70	-1	3.7	3.6	4.2	3.6	3.5	-0.1
Pennsylvania	172	159	217	206	215	9	2.8	2.6	3.5	3.3	3.5	0.2
Rhode Island	18	19	20	20	23	3	3.6	3.7	3.9	3.9	4.5	0.6
South Carolina	109	103	108	88	84	-4	4.7	4.3	4.5	3.7	3.5	-0.2
South Dakota	17	16	20	18	17	-1	3.7	3.4	4.3	3.9	3.6	-0.3
Tennessee	133	123	129	126	125	-1	4.0	3.7	3.9	3.8	3.7	-0.1
Texas	532	480	403	482	443	-39	3.8	3.4	2.8	3.4	3.1	-0.3
Utah	64	71	70	66	62	-4	3.7	4.0	4.0	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Vermont	11	13	12	12	13	1	3.5	4.1	3.8	3.8	4.1	0.3
Virginia	152	138	168	136	147	11	3.6	3.2	4.0	3.2	3.5	0.3
Washington	116	120	110	121	103	-18	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.3	2.8	-0.5
West Virginia	31	28	33	28	27	-1	4.3	3.9	4.6	3.9	3.8	-0.1
Wisconsin	105	87	96	95	90	-5	3.5	2.9	3.2	3.1	3.0	-0.1
Wyoming	14	14	13	12	13	1	4.8	4.8	4.4	4.1	4.4	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,596	3,214	3,243	3,178	3,071	-107	2.3	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.9	-0.1
Alabama	53	49	50	46	50	4	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.3	0.2
Alaska	14	10	11	12	10	-2	4.2	3.0	3.2	3.5	2.9	-0.6
Arizona	88	71	70	72	64	-8	2.7	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.0	-0.2
Arkansas	36	33	33	28	30	2	2.7	2.4	2.4	2.0	2.2	0.2
California	322	276	283	285	256	-29	1.8	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.4	-0.2
Colorado	54	76	78	64	47	-17	1.8	2.5	2.6	2.1	1.6	-0.5
Connecticut	32	33	27	29	33	4	1.9	1.9	1.6	1.7	1.9	0.2
Delaware	15	12	13	10	12	2	3.1	2.5	2.7	2.0	2.4	0.4
District of Columbia	13	12	14	13	13	0	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.7	0.0
Florida	283	205	264	269	263	-6	2.9	2.1	2.6	2.7	2.6	-0.1
Georgia	136	115	119	105	100	-5	2.8	2.3	2.4	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Hawaii	17	12	11	12	13	1	2.7	1.9	1.7	1.9	2.0	0.1
Idaho	30	24	24	26	22	-4	3.5	2.8	2.8	3.0	2.5	-0.5
Illinois	122	131	105	138	89	-49	2.0	2.1	1.7	2.2	1.4	-0.8
Indiana	80	74	74	78	97	19	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.9	0.5
Iowa	32	32	33	30	31	1	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.9	0.0
Kansas	32	27	29	34	31	-3	2.2	1.8	2.0	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Kentucky	57	51	50	38	42	4	2.8	2.5	2.5	1.9	2.1	0.2
Louisiana	65	55	56	36	49	13	3.3	2.8	2.9	1.8	2.5	0.7
Maine	15	13	14	14	15	1	2.3	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.3	0.2
Maryland	80	54	69	49	66	17	2.9	2.0	2.5	1.8	2.4	0.6
Massachusetts	60	61	58	53	54	1	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.4	0.0
Michigan	93	86	80	100	97	-3	2.1	1.9	1.8	2.2	2.2	0.0
Minnesota	63	53	49	69	62	-7	2.1	1.8	1.6	2.3	2.0	-0.3
Mississippi	33	29	35	27	28	1	2.8	2.4	2.9	2.3	2.3	0.0
Missouri	67	68	67	67	60	-7	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.0	-0.2
Montana	18	16	15	15	13	-2	3.4	3.0	2.8	2.8	2.4	-0.4
Nebraska	23	21	22	23	21	-2	2.2	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Nevada	36	35	35	33	31	-2	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	-0.1
New Hampshire	14	12	13	12	12	0	2.0	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.7	0.0
New Jersey	84	82	72	64	60	-4	1.9	1.9	1.6	1.5	1.4	-0.1
New Mexico	22	16	19	17	18	1	2.5	1.8	2.1	1.9	2.0	0.1
New York	149	170	133	156	172	16	1.5	1.7	1.3	1.6	1.7	0.1
North Carolina	130	98	110	87	95	8	2.6	2.0	2.2	1.7	1.9	0.2
North Dakota	12	9	10	10	10	0	2.7	2.0	2.3	2.2	2.2	0.0
Ohio	119	105	117	115	109	-6	2.1	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	-0.1
Oklahoma	46	43	43	44	40	-4	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.2	-0.3
Oregon	50	43	44	42	38	-4	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Pennsylvania	121	94	129	124	126	2	2.0	1.5	2.1	2.0	2.0	0.0
Rhode Island	11	11	10	11	13	2	2.2	2.2	2.0	2.2	2.5	0.3
South Carolina	69	73	70	55	52	-3	3.0	3.1	2.9	2.3	2.2	-0.1
South Dakota	11	11	11	11	11	0	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.0
Tennessee	87	80	83	76	75	-1	2.6	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Texas	376	350	288	297	266	-31	2.7	2.5	2.0	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Utah	44	43	41	36	35	-1	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.0	2.0	0.0
Vermont	7	8	6	7	7	0	2.3	2.5	1.9	2.2	2.2	0.0
Virginia	102	82	105	88	94	6	2.4	1.9	2.5	2.1	2.2	0.1
Washington	75	65	62	64	57	-7	2.1	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.6	-0.1
West Virginia	20	18	22	17	18	1	2.8	2.5	3.1	2.4	2.5	0.1
Wisconsin	69	57	57	59	54	-5	2.3	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.8	-0.1
Wyoming	9	8	7	7	7	0	3.1	2.7	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	June 2024	July 2024	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Change from: Aug. 2024 - Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,595	1,560	1,713	1,668	1,833	165	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.2	0.2
Alabama	26	20	23	22	20	-2	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Alaska	4	5	5	5	6	1	1.2	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.8	0.3
Arizona	33	40	50	35	39	4	1.0	1.2	1.5	1.1	1.2	0.1
Arkansas	16	16	15	22	15	-7	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.6	1.1	-0.5
California	177	187	181	151	141	-10	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.0
Colorado	21	26	36	23	30	7	0.7	0.9	1.2	0.8	1.0	0.2
Connecticut	11	20	21	15	21	6	0.6	1.2	1.2	0.9	1.2	0.3
Delaware	6	7	7	6	6	0	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.2	0.0
District of Columbia	6	5	7	7	6	-1	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.9	0.8	-0.1
Florida	93	80	90	86	101	15	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Georgia	44	48	60	65	63	-2	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.3	1.3	0.0
Hawaii	7	6	6	7	9	2	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.4	0.3
Idaho	11	12	12	12	17	5	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.9	0.5
Illinois	56	67	62	77	65	-12	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Indiana	30	34	49	38	34	-4	0.9	1.0	1.5	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Iowa	15	13	18	19	18	-1	0.9	0.8	1.1	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Kansas	18	13	17	18	15	-3	1.2	0.9	1.2	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Kentucky	21	21	20	19	22	3	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.1	0.2
Louisiana	26	28	24	28	27	-1	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.4	0.0
Maine	6	8	11	8	9	1	0.9	1.2	1.7	1.2	1.4	0.2
Maryland	35	24	30	29	30	1	1.3	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.1
Massachusetts	17	39	41	25	37	12	0.5	1.0	1.1	0.7	1.0	0.3
Michigan	52	32	51	60	56	-4	1.2	0.7	1.1	1.3	1.2	-0.1
Minnesota	46	27	24	22	30	8	1.5	0.9	0.8	0.7	1.0	0.3
Mississippi	16	12	13	12	12	0	1.4	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
Missouri	39	23	30	31	36	5	1.3	0.7	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.2
Montana	7	9	8	7	10	3	1.3	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.9	0.6
Nebraska	12	9	14	15	12	-3	1.1	0.8	1.3	1.4	1.1	-0.3
Nevada	15	20	19	20	24	4	1.0	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.5	0.2
New Hampshire	7	15	12	8	13	5	1.0	2.1	1.7	1.1	1.8	0.7
New Jersey	27	53	80	38	83	45	0.6	1.2	1.8	0.9	1.9	1.0
New Mexico	9	10	10	8	11	3	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.2	0.3
New York	111	74	94	96	162	66	1.1	0.7	1.0	1.0	1.6	0.6
North Carolina	64	51	48	41	65	24	1.3	1.0	1.0	0.8	1.3	0.5
North Dakota	6	5	9	6	6	0	1.4	1.1	2.0	1.3	1.3	0.0
Ohio	69	62	59	74	67	-7	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.2	-0.1
Oklahoma	19	31	20	20	20	0	1.1	1.7	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Oregon	18	21	29	22	26	4	0.9	1.1	1.5	1.1	1.3	0.2
Pennsylvania	40	52	75	71	75	4	0.7	0.8	1.2	1.1	1.2	0.1
Rhode Island	5	7	8	7	9	2	1.0	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.8	0.4
South Carolina	35	24	33	28	27	-1	1.5	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.1	-0.1
South Dakota	5	5	8	6	5	-1	1.1	1.1	1.7	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Tennessee	40	37	38	41	45	4	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.3	0.1
Texas	136	105	94	158	149	-9	1.0	0.7	0.7	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Utah	16	22	20	26	25	-1	0.9	1.2	1.1	1.5	1.4	-0.1
Vermont	3	4	5	4	5	1	1.0	1.3	1.6	1.3	1.6	0.3
Virginia	42	43	46	36	44	8	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.8	1.0	0.2
Washington	34	48	37	51	40	-11	0.9	1.3	1.0	1.4	1.1	-0.3
West Virginia	9	8	9	9	7	-2	1.3	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.0	-0.3
Wisconsin	32	25	33	30	30	0	1.1	0.8	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
Wyoming	4	4	4	4	5	1	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.7	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,303	7,939	7,418	5.6	4.8	4.5
Alabama	143	131	127	6.2	5.6	5.4
Alaska	22	21	21	6.1	5.6	5.6
Arizona	186	202	178	5.5	5.9	5.1
Arkansas	106	86	111	7.2	5.9	7.5
California	856	625	540	4.6	3.4	2.9
Colorado	181	132	127	5.8	4.2	4.1
Connecticut	91	78	77	5.1	4.4	4.3
Delaware	31	22	24	6.0	4.3	4.6
District of Columbia	50	30	39	6.1	3.8	4.8
Florida	582	483	417	5.6	4.6	4.0
Georgia	350	333	258	6.7	6.3	4.9
Hawaii	35	26	28	5.3	3.9	4.2
Idaho	51	45	43	5.6	4.9	4.6
Illinois	383	276	269	5.9	4.3	4.2
Indiana	163	149	141	4.8	4.3	4.1
Iowa	81	75	73	4.8	4.5	4.4
Kansas	79	74	76	5.2	4.9	4.9
Kentucky	124	140	130	5.8	6.4	5.9
Louisiana	140	118	99	6.7	5.7	4.8
Maine	36	34	29	5.2	4.9	4.2
Maryland	176	159	144	6.0	5.4	4.9
Massachusetts	239	194	188	6.0	4.9	4.8
Michigan	266	203	244	5.6	4.3	5.1
Minnesota	190	184	190	5.9	5.7	5.9
Mississippi	88	75	61	6.9	5.9	4.9
Missouri	173	178	178	5.5	5.5	5.5
Montana	36	31	30	6.4	5.4	5.3
Nebraska	60	56	53	5.3	4.9	4.7
Nevada	102	77	73	6.2	4.6	4.4
New Hampshire	36	35	35	4.8	4.7	4.7
New Jersey	254	202	235	5.5	4.4	5.1
New Mexico	54	57	52	5.8	6.1	5.5
New York	465	503	493	4.6	4.8	4.8
North Carolina	312	254	282	5.9	4.8	5.3
North Dakota	30	24	27	6.2	5.1	5.7
Ohio	350	304	271	5.9	5.1	4.6
Oklahoma	123	122	103	6.5	6.4	5.5
Oregon	124	100	110	5.9	4.8	5.2
Pennsylvania	356	300	248	5.5	4.6	3.8
Rhode Island	33	28	32	6.0	5.3	5.7
South Carolina	164	144	123	6.6	5.7	4.9
South Dakota	26	28	23	5.3	5.6	4.6
Tennessee	296	177	167	8.2	5.1	4.8
Texas	804	686	530	5.5	4.6	3.6
Utah	106	90	91	5.7	4.9	4.9
Vermont	16	15	14	4.9	4.6	4.3
Virginia	278	262	257	6.2	5.8	5.7
Washington	167	154	152	4.4	4.0	4.0
West Virginia	67	46	50	8.6	6.1	6.5
Wisconsin	207	151	141	6.4	4.7	4.4
Wyoming	18	16	15	5.7	5.1	4.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,874	6,070	5,600	3.7	3.8	3.5
Alabama	100	93	84	4.6	4.2	3.8
Alaska	14	16	15	4.2	4.5	4.4
Arizona	133	143	132	4.1	4.4	4.0
Arkansas	73	70	67	5.4	5.2	4.8
California	547	570	529	3.1	3.2	2.9
Colorado	82	94	84	2.8	3.1	2.8
Connecticut	58	67	56	3.4	3.9	3.3
Delaware	22	16	20	4.5	3.3	4.1
District of Columbia	30	18	27	3.9	2.4	3.5
Florida	431	488	407	4.4	4.9	4.1
Georgia	211	234	196	4.3	4.7	3.9
Hawaii	23	19	24	3.6	3.0	3.8
Idaho	40	39	43	4.7	4.4	4.8
Illinois	178	205	192	2.9	3.3	3.1
Indiana	107	137	114	3.3	4.1	3.4
Iowa	51	47	55	3.2	2.9	3.4
Kansas	46	55	53	3.2	3.8	3.6
Kentucky	107	95	83	5.3	4.7	4.0
Louisiana	111	92	85	5.7	4.7	4.4
Maine	21	29	19	3.2	4.3	2.9
Maryland	111	96	104	4.0	3.4	3.7
Massachusetts	140	162	98	3.8	4.3	2.6
Michigan	137	171	199	3.1	3.8	4.4
Minnesota	102	92	102	3.4	3.0	3.3
Mississippi	54	57	46	4.6	4.8	3.8
Missouri	110	105	107	3.7	3.4	3.5
Montana	25	24	31	4.8	4.4	5.7
Nebraska	35	41	36	3.4	3.8	3.3
Nevada	63	70	72	4.1	4.4	4.5
New Hampshire	23	32	22	3.3	4.5	3.1
New Jersey	196	126	133	4.5	2.9	3.0
New Mexico	31	41	34	3.5	4.6	3.8
New York	284	298	286	2.9	3.0	2.9
North Carolina	194	193	163	3.9	3.8	3.2
North Dakota	19	17	18	4.2	3.8	3.9
Ohio	237	213	189	4.2	3.7	3.3
Oklahoma	94	96	79	5.3	5.4	4.4
Oregon	87	68	88	4.4	3.4	4.4
Pennsylvania	210	223	196	3.4	3.6	3.1
Rhode Island	22	25	22	4.4	4.8	4.2
South Carolina	98	105	95	4.2	4.4	4.0
South Dakota	16	20	17	3.4	4.2	3.5
Tennessee	147	144	135	4.4	4.3	4.0
Texas	527	609	524	3.8	4.3	3.7
Utah	76	74	75	4.4	4.2	4.2
Vermont	10	14	10	3.3	4.3	3.3
Virginia	173	177	164	4.1	4.2	3.9
Washington	121	112	133	3.3	3.0	3.6
West Virginia	38	32	34	5.3	4.5	4.8
Wisconsin	92	96	91	3.0	3.1	3.0
Wyoming	13	12	13	4.2	4.1	4.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,803	6,294	5,450	3.7	4.0	3.4
Alabama	90	84	78	4.1	3.8	3.5
Alaska	28	26	26	8.2	7.4	7.5
Arizona	110	122	92	3.4	3.8	2.8
Arkansas	53	63	46	3.9	4.6	3.4
California	547	556	402	3.1	3.1	2.2
Colorado	94	117	85	3.2	3.9	2.8
Connecticut	53	62	61	3.1	3.7	3.6
Delaware	28	20	24	5.7	4.1	4.9
District of Columbia	21	31	19	2.7	4.1	2.5
Florida	375	397	370	3.8	4.0	3.7
Georgia	194	214	180	3.9	4.3	3.6
Hawaii	30	31	29	4.9	4.9	4.6
Idaho	51	56	47	6.0	6.4	5.3
Illinois	194	258	167	3.2	4.2	2.7
Indiana	111	150	131	3.4	4.5	3.9
Iowa	53	73	54	3.4	4.6	3.4
Kansas	54	75	50	3.8	5.2	3.4
Kentucky	82	76	70	4.1	3.7	3.4
Louisiana	94	82	82	4.8	4.2	4.2
Maine	30	29	32	4.6	4.3	4.9
Maryland	138	104	126	5.0	3.8	4.6
Massachusetts	114	121	132	3.1	3.2	3.5
Michigan	166	202	187	3.7	4.5	4.1
Minnesota	121	122	111	4.0	4.0	3.7
Mississippi	52	53	43	4.3	4.5	3.6
Missouri	117	137	106	3.9	4.5	3.5
Montana	34	30	32	6.4	5.6	5.9
Nebraska	37	52	34	3.5	4.9	3.2
Nevada	50	66	52	3.2	4.2	3.3
New Hampshire	29	25	33	4.2	3.5	4.6
New Jersey	160	140	189	3.7	3.2	4.3
New Mexico	33	37	32	3.8	4.1	3.6
New York	323	339	375	3.3	3.4	3.8
North Carolina	212	173	182	4.3	3.4	3.6
North Dakota	19	23	17	4.2	5.2	3.8
Ohio	213	251	193	3.8	4.4	3.4
Oklahoma	65	84	60	3.7	4.8	3.4
Oregon	78	87	73	4.0	4.4	3.6
Pennsylvania	171	252	206	2.8	4.1	3.3
Rhode Island	21	24	25	4.0	4.7	4.9
South Carolina	114	100	89	4.9	4.2	3.7
South Dakota	22	24	20	4.6	5.0	4.4
Tennessee	136	147	132	4.1	4.4	4.0
Texas	557	599	462	4.0	4.2	3.2
Utah	67	82	63	3.9	4.6	3.6
Vermont	12	13	15	4.0	4.2	4.8
Virginia	166	163	162	4.0	3.9	3.8
Washington	122	152	109	3.4	4.1	3.0
West Virginia	30	34	25	4.1	4.7	3.5
Wisconsin	116	120	97	3.8	3.9	3.2
Wyoming	17	16	17	5.7	5.3	5.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,844	4,073	3,230	2.5	2.6	2.0
Alabama	56	55	51	2.6	2.5	2.3
Alaska	21	18	16	6.2	5.1	4.6
Arizona	81	80	57	2.5	2.5	1.7
Arkansas	35	35	28	2.6	2.6	2.1
California	329	343	254	1.8	1.9	1.4
Colorado	65	85	51	2.2	2.8	1.7
Connecticut	33	39	35	2.0	2.3	2.0
Delaware	19	13	16	3.9	2.6	3.2
District of Columbia	14	20	12	1.8	2.6	1.6
Florida	275	299	253	2.8	3.0	2.5
Georgia	141	126	101	2.9	2.5	2.0
Hawaii	21	19	16	3.4	2.9	2.6
Idaho	38	39	28	4.5	4.4	3.1
Illinois	135	176	96	2.2	2.8	1.5
Indiana	78	98	96	2.4	3.0	2.9
Iowa	34	45	32	2.1	2.8	2.0
Kansas	33	48	30	2.3	3.3	2.1
Kentucky	58	48	42	2.9	2.3	2.0
Louisiana	64	48	47	3.2	2.5	2.4
Maine	19	19	19	2.9	2.9	2.8
Maryland	88	64	76	3.2	2.3	2.7
Massachusetts	76	73	71	2.1	1.9	1.9
Michigan	105	134	111	2.3	3.0	2.5
Minnesota	71	84	69	2.4	2.8	2.3
Mississippi	32	35	26	2.7	2.9	2.2
Missouri	71	86	63	2.4	2.8	2.1
Montana	24	19	18	4.5	3.6	3.3
Nebraska	24	33	21	2.3	3.1	1.9
Nevada	34	41	29	2.2	2.6	1.8
New Hampshire	18	15	16	2.6	2.1	2.2
New Jersey	110	80	74	2.5	1.8	1.7
New Mexico	23	24	20	2.7	2.7	2.2
New York	154	214	183	1.6	2.2	1.9
North Carolina	140	117	103	2.8	2.3	2.1
North Dakota	13	15	11	2.8	3.3	2.4
Ohio	132	156	118	2.3	2.8	2.1
Oklahoma	45	56	38	2.5	3.2	2.1
Oregon	57	55	43	2.9	2.8	2.2
Pennsylvania	123	167	132	2.0	2.7	2.1
Rhode Island	13	15	15	2.5	2.9	2.9
South Carolina	74	65	56	3.2	2.7	2.3
South Dakota	14	15	14	3.1	3.3	2.9
Tennessee	92	94	77	2.8	2.8	2.3
Texas	396	400	267	2.8	2.8	1.9
Utah	50	49	37	2.9	2.8	2.1
Vermont	8	8	8	2.5	2.6	2.7
Virginia	111	111	101	2.6	2.6	2.4
Washington	86	83	67	2.4	2.3	1.8
West Virginia	19	21	16	2.7	3.0	2.2
Wisconsin	78	80	61	2.6	2.6	2.0
Wyoming	12	10	10	4.1	3.4	3.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)	Sept. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,641	1,850	1,938	1.0	1.2	1.2
Alabama	29	23	24	1.3	1.0	1.1
Alaska	6	7	9	1.7	1.9	2.4
Arizona	24	36	29	0.7	1.1	0.9
Arkansas	16	24	15	1.1	1.8	1.1
California	161	197	121	0.9	1.1	0.7
Colorado	20	26	30	0.7	0.9	1.0
Connecticut	15	18	23	0.9	1.0	1.4
Delaware	8	6	7	1.5	1.2	1.4
District of Columbia	6	8	6	0.7	1.1	0.7
Florida	87	85	101	0.9	0.9	1.0
Georgia	44	78	71	0.9	1.6	1.4
Hawaii	8	10	11	1.2	1.6	1.8
Idaho	11	13	17	1.2	1.5	1.9
Illinois	51	72	60	0.8	1.2	1.0
Indiana	28	44	31	0.9	1.3	0.9
Iowa	17	23	20	1.1	1.5	1.3
Kansas	18	23	16	1.3	1.6	1.1
Kentucky	21	19	24	1.0	0.9	1.2
Louisiana	27	28	30	1.4	1.5	1.5
Maine	8	8	12	1.3	1.2	1.7
Maryland	45	29	43	1.6	1.1	1.6
Massachusetts	30	33	54	0.8	0.9	1.5
Michigan	54	62	68	1.2	1.4	1.5
Minnesota	44	21	32	1.5	0.7	1.0
Mississippi	18	14	14	1.5	1.2	1.2
Missouri	40	37	38	1.3	1.2	1.2
Montana	8	9	12	1.6	1.6	2.3
Nebraska	11	15	12	1.0	1.4	1.1
Nevada	13	20	21	0.8	1.3	1.3
New Hampshire	9	8	15	1.3	1.1	2.1
New Jersey	38	45	106	0.9	1.0	2.4
New Mexico	8	10	10	0.9	1.2	1.2
New York	140	109	177	1.4	1.1	1.8
North Carolina	66	47	72	1.3	0.9	1.4
North Dakota	5	7	6	1.2	1.6	1.2
Ohio	69	82	70	1.2	1.4	1.2
Oklahoma	18	21	19	1.0	1.2	1.0
Oregon	16	26	25	0.8	1.3	1.3
Pennsylvania	38	72	63	0.6	1.2	1.0
Rhode Island	6	8	9	1.2	1.5	1.7
South Carolina	36	30	29	1.6	1.2	1.2
South Dakota	6	7	6	1.3	1.4	1.3
Tennessee	39	44	51	1.2	1.3	1.5
Texas	140	165	166	1.0	1.2	1.2
Utah	14	29	23	0.8	1.6	1.3
Vermont	4	4	6	1.1	1.3	1.8
Virginia	48	38	52	1.1	0.9	1.2
Washington	30	63	37	0.8	1.7	1.0
West Virginia	8	10	8	1.2	1.4	1.0
Wisconsin	33	33	31	1.1	1.1	1.0
Wyoming	4	5	6	1.4	1.5	2.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary