Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, January 7, 2025     USDL-25-0002

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                            JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2024

The number of job openings was little changed at 8.1 million on the last business day of November, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and total separations were little 
changed at 5.3 million and 5.1 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (3.1 million) decreased, 
but layoffs and discharges (1.8 million) changed little. This release includes estimates of the number and 
rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by 
establishment size class. 

Job Openings

The number of job openings was little changed at 8.1 million on the last business day of November but 
was down by 833,000 over the year. The job openings rate, at 4.8 percent, changed little over the month. 
The number of job openings increased in professional and business services (+273,000), finance and 
insurance (+105,000), and private educational services (+38,000) but decreased in information               
(-89,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In November, the number of hires changed little at 5.3 million but was down by 300,000 over the year. 
The hires rate was little changed at 3.3 percent. (See table 2.)

Separations 

Total separations include quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations include separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations in November was little changed at 5.1 million but was down by 
287,000 over the year. The total separations rate changed little at 3.2 percent. (See table 3.)

In November, the number of quits decreased to 3.1 million (-218,000) and declined by 451,000 over the 
year. Over the month, the quits rate decreased to 1.9 percent. Quits decreased in accommodation and 
food services (-85,000) and in arts, entertainment, and recreation (-22,000). (See table 4.)

In November, the number of layoffs and discharges changed little at 1.8 million but was up by 219,000 
over the year. The rate remained unchanged at 1.1 percent. Layoffs and discharges increased in 
accommodation and food services (+102,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations changed little at 296,000 in November. (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

The layoffs and discharges rate for establishments with 1 to 9 employees decreased in November, while 
the job openings, hires, total separations, and quits rates showed little change. For establishments with 
5,000 or more employees, the job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and total separations 
rates showed little or no change. (See table 7.)

October 2024 Revisions

The number of job openings for October was revised up by 95,000 to 7.8 million, the number of hires 
was revised up by 81,000 to 5.4 million, and the number of total separations was revised up by 45,000 to 
5.3 million. Within separations, the number of quits was revised down by 43,000 to 3.3 million, and the 
number of layoffs and discharges was revised up by 115,000 to 1.7 million. (Monthly revisions result 
from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for December 2024 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, February 4, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	8,931	7,839	8,098	5,569	5,394	5,269	5,413	5,306	5,126
Total private	7,932	6,949	7,205	5,205	5,029	4,915	5,075	4,991	4,807
Mining and logging	31	26	26	19	21	22	24	20	20
Construction	454	259	276	367	320	317	342	312	301
Manufacturing	553	468	412	352	328	289	352	343	308
Durable goods	377	318	262	199	168	149	194	175	167
Nondurable goods	176	150	150	153	160	140	157	168	140
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,336	1,000	975	1,090	1,095	1,072	1,122	1,054	1,059
Wholesale trade	296	140	155	153	144	135	141	140	136
Retail trade	596	537	533	638	644	615	648	615	601
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	443	323	287	300	306	322	333	298	322
Information	154	210	121	70	71	80	76	79	88
Financial activities	427	455	569	201	187	170	217	196	171
Finance and insurance	288	305	410	125	118	106	145	131	112
Real estate and rental and leasing	138	149	159	76	69	64	71	65	59
Professional and business services	1,536	1,612	1,885	964	1,010	944	981	1,053	993
Private education and health services	1,939	1,598	1,679	934	853	840	796	782	728
Private educational services	161	146	184	94	81	92	86	85	85
Health care and social assistance	1,778	1,452	1,496	840	771	748	711	696	643
Leisure and hospitality	1,153	1,051	968	993	893	967	982	911	928
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	170	102	121	150	177	177	138	171	153
Accommodation and food services	983	950	848	844	716	791	844	740	774
Other services	349	270	292	214	253	215	183	242	212
Government	999	890	893	364	365	354	338	315	319
Federal	161	143	127	37	30	28	38	30	28
State and local	838	747	765	327	336	326	301	285	291
State and local education	289	258	263	165	171	170	159	150	152
State and local, excluding education	549	489	503	162	164	156	141	135	139
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	5.4	4.7	4.8	3.5	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.2
Total private	5.6	4.9	5.0	3.9	3.7	3.6	3.8	3.7	3.5
Mining and logging	4.6	4.0	3.8	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.7	3.2	3.2
Construction	5.3	3.0	3.2	4.5	3.9	3.8	4.2	3.8	3.6
Manufacturing	4.1	3.5	3.1	2.7	2.5	2.2	2.7	2.7	2.4
Durable goods	4.4	3.8	3.1	2.4	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.2	2.1
Nondurable goods	3.5	3.0	3.0	3.2	3.3	2.9	3.3	3.5	2.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	4.4	3.3	3.3	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.9	3.6	3.6
Wholesale trade	4.6	2.2	2.4	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.2
Retail trade	3.7	3.3	3.3	4.1	4.1	3.9	4.2	3.9	3.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	5.9	4.3	3.8	4.2	4.2	4.5	4.7	4.1	4.5
Information	4.9	6.6	3.9	2.4	2.4	2.7	2.5	2.6	2.9
Financial activities	4.4	4.7	5.8	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.3	2.1	1.8
Finance and insurance	4.1	4.3	5.7	1.9	1.7	1.6	2.2	1.9	1.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	5.3	5.6	5.9	3.1	2.7	2.5	2.9	2.6	2.4
Professional and business services	6.3	6.6	7.6	4.2	4.4	4.1	4.3	4.6	4.3
Private education and health services	7.0	5.7	5.9	3.6	3.2	3.1	3.1	2.9	2.7
Private educational services	4.0	3.6	4.5	2.4	2.1	2.4	2.2	2.2	2.2
Health care and social assistance	7.5	6.0	6.2	3.8	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.1	2.8
Leisure and hospitality	6.4	5.8	5.4	5.9	5.2	5.7	5.9	5.4	5.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	6.2	3.7	4.3	5.8	6.6	6.6	5.4	6.4	5.7
Accommodation and food services	6.5	6.2	5.6	5.9	5.0	5.5	5.9	5.2	5.4
Other services	5.6	4.4	4.7	3.6	4.3	3.6	3.1	4.1	3.6
Government	4.2	3.7	3.7	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.3	1.4
Federal	5.2	4.6	4.1	1.3	1.0	0.9	1.3	1.0	0.9
State and local	4.0	3.5	3.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.4
State and local education	2.6	2.3	2.4	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.4
State and local, excluding education	5.5	4.8	4.9	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 
separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for 
January 2023, industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 
leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions:
* A specific position exists, and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or 
part-time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal.
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that 
time.
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed by 
dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings—that is, all filled and unfilled 
jobs—and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability, and deaths.
Excluded from separations measures are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; and employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is 
computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 
layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class.

The sampling frame is made up of establishments from two sources: the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program (QCEW) and the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). 
The QCEW database contains establishments that cover approximately 95 percent of nonfarm payroll jobs in the 
United States. This database is a compilation of administrative data from state unemployment insurance (UI) 
programs and federal government establishments covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal 
Employees (UCFE) program. A frame of railroad establishments is provided by the FRA. This is added to the 
QCEW database to complete the JOLTS sampling frame. 

The JOLTS estimation method involves the following processes: unit nonresponse adjustment, item 
nonresponse adjustment, monthly benchmarking and estimation, automatic outlier detection, birth and death model 
estimation, estimates review and outlier selection, alignment, seasonal adjustment, and variance estimates. 
Establishment size class levels are also produced. Detailed information about the estimation method can be found in 
the Handbook of Methods at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/jlt/home.htm.

Monthly benchmarking is the process through which the JOLTS weighted employment for each estimation cell 
is adjusted. JOLTS estimation cells are benchmarked monthly to the current employment level from the BLS 
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The sampled weight is benchmarked to ensure that JOLTS weighted 
employment is equal to CES employment.

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, many new establishments fail within the first year, referred 
to as a death. Because new and short-lived universe establishments cannot be reflected in the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from these establishments 
during their early existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity 
from previous years as collected by the QCEW and projects forward to the present using over-the-year change in the 
CES. The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to calculate the amount of churn (meaning the rates of 
hires and separations) that exists in establishments of various sizes. The model then combines the calculated churn 
with the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and separations that take place in these 
establishments that cannot be measured through sampling. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations 
produced by the birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the 
estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences between the two surveys, as well as sampling and nonsampling errors, historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust again.

Seasonal adjustment. After alignment, the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) is used to 
seasonally adjust the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant 
data, up to and including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used 
as seasonal filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative 
models, as well as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal 
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS estimates are revised annually with the issuance of data for 
January. Five years of data are subject to revision. The revised estimates incorporate: 1) benchmarks based on CES 
employment estimates newly benchmarked to QCEW, 2) revised seasonal adjustment factors, and 3) any needed 
special adjustments.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels.

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are 
calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 
monthly CES published employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error: sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. Sampling error 
estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey’s design.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
Total	8,931	7,861	7,372	7,839	8,098	259	5.4	4.7	4.4	4.7	4.8	0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	7,932	6,912	6,501	6,949	7,205	256	5.6	4.9	4.6	4.9	5.0	0.1
Mining and logging	31	24	26	26	26	0	4.6	3.7	3.9	4.0	3.8	-0.2
Construction	454	328	258	259	276	17	5.3	3.8	3.0	3.0	3.2	0.2
Manufacturing	553	491	478	468	412	-56	4.1	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.1	-0.4
Durable goods	377	321	321	318	262	-56	4.4	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.1	-0.7
Nondurable goods	176	170	156	150	150	0	3.5	3.4	3.1	3.0	3.0	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,336	1,131	983	1,000	975	-25	4.4	3.7	3.3	3.3	3.3	0.0
Wholesale trade	296	192	181	140	155	15	4.6	3.0	2.8	2.2	2.4	0.2
Retail trade	596	592	516	537	533	-4	3.7	3.6	3.2	3.3	3.3	0.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	443	347	287	323	287	-36	5.9	4.6	3.8	4.3	3.8	-0.5
Information	154	119	121	210	121	-89	4.9	3.8	3.9	6.6	3.9	-2.7
Financial activities	427	374	429	455	569	114	4.4	3.9	4.4	4.7	5.8	1.1
Finance and insurance	288	264	310	305	410	105	4.1	3.8	4.4	4.3	5.7	1.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	138	109	119	149	159	10	5.3	4.2	4.5	5.6	5.9	0.3
Professional and business services	1,536	1,454	1,441	1,612	1,885	273	6.3	6.0	5.9	6.6	7.6	1.0
Private education and health services	1,939	1,636	1,473	1,598	1,679	81	7.0	5.8	5.3	5.7	5.9	0.2
Private educational services	161	152	162	146	184	38	4.0	3.8	4.0	3.6	4.5	0.9
Health care and social assistance	1,778	1,484	1,311	1,452	1,496	44	7.5	6.2	5.5	6.0	6.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	1,153	1,059	986	1,051	968	-83	6.4	5.9	5.5	5.8	5.4	-0.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	170	142	120	102	121	19	6.2	5.1	4.3	3.7	4.3	0.6
Accommodation and food services	983	917	867	950	848	-102	6.5	6.0	5.7	6.2	5.6	-0.6
Other services	349	295	306	270	292	22	5.6	4.8	4.9	4.4	4.7	0.3
Government	999	949	871	890	893	3	4.2	3.9	3.6	3.7	3.7	0.0
Federal	161	142	141	143	127	-16	5.2	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.1	-0.5
State and local	838	807	730	747	765	18	4.0	3.8	3.5	3.5	3.6	0.1
State and local education	289	304	266	258	263	5	2.6	2.7	2.4	2.3	2.4	0.1
State and local, excluding education	549	503	464	489	503	14	5.5	5.0	4.6	4.8	4.9	0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,489	1,384	1,404	1,207	1,256	49	5.1	4.7	4.7	4.1	4.2	0.1
South	3,501	3,215	2,707	3,215	3,409	194	5.6	5.1	4.3	5.1	5.4	0.3
Midwest	2,048	1,708	1,681	1,735	1,719	-16	5.8	4.8	4.7	4.9	4.8	-0.1
West	1,893	1,555	1,580	1,682	1,714	32	4.9	4.0	4.1	4.3	4.4	0.1
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
Total	5,569	5,435	5,582	5,394	5,269	-125	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.3	-0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,205	5,067	5,221	5,029	4,915	-114	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Mining and logging	19	19	22	21	22	1	3.0	3.0	3.4	3.2	3.4	0.2
Construction	367	348	335	320	317	-3	4.5	4.2	4.0	3.9	3.8	-0.1
Manufacturing	352	306	358	328	289	-39	2.7	2.4	2.8	2.5	2.2	-0.3
Durable goods	199	171	200	168	149	-19	2.4	2.1	2.5	2.1	1.8	-0.3
Nondurable goods	153	135	158	160	140	-20	3.2	2.8	3.3	3.3	2.9	-0.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,090	987	1,059	1,095	1,072	-23	3.8	3.4	3.6	3.8	3.7	-0.1
Wholesale trade	153	139	136	144	135	-9	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Retail trade	638	571	623	644	615	-29	4.1	3.6	4.0	4.1	3.9	-0.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	300	276	300	306	322	16	4.2	3.8	4.2	4.2	4.5	0.3
Information	70	78	79	71	80	9	2.4	2.6	2.6	2.4	2.7	0.3
Financial activities	201	219	213	187	170	-17	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Finance and insurance	125	153	146	118	106	-12	1.9	2.3	2.2	1.7	1.6	-0.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	76	66	67	69	64	-5	3.1	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.5	-0.2
Professional and business services	964	1,062	1,063	1,010	944	-66	4.2	4.6	4.6	4.4	4.1	-0.3
Private education and health services	934	832	872	853	840	-13	3.6	3.1	3.3	3.2	3.1	-0.1
Private educational services	94	102	108	81	92	11	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.1	2.4	0.3
Health care and social assistance	840	730	764	771	748	-23	3.8	3.2	3.4	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Leisure and hospitality	993	976	962	893	967	74	5.9	5.7	5.7	5.2	5.7	0.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	150	163	174	177	177	0	5.8	6.1	6.6	6.6	6.6	0.0
Accommodation and food services	844	812	788	716	791	75	5.9	5.7	5.5	5.0	5.5	0.5
Other services	214	240	257	253	215	-38	3.6	4.1	4.3	4.3	3.6	-0.7
Government	364	368	361	365	354	-11	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.5	-0.1
Federal	37	35	33	30	28	-2	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.0	0.9	-0.1
State and local	327	333	328	336	326	-10	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
State and local education	165	171	165	171	170	-1	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6	0.0
State and local, excluding education	162	162	163	164	156	-8	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.6	-0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	892	922	867	858	872	14	3.2	3.3	3.1	3.0	3.1	0.1
South	2,368	2,264	2,270	2,215	2,022	-193	4.0	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Midwest	1,173	1,078	1,193	1,147	1,166	19	3.5	3.2	3.5	3.4	3.4	0.0
West	1,137	1,171	1,251	1,173	1,210	37	3.1	3.1	3.4	3.1	3.2	0.1
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
Total	5,413	5,168	5,196	5,306	5,126	-180	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.2	-0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,075	4,847	4,884	4,991	4,807	-184	3.8	3.6	3.6	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Mining and logging	24	18	20	20	20	0	3.7	2.9	3.2	3.2	3.2	0.0
Construction	342	313	310	312	301	-11	4.2	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.6	-0.2
Manufacturing	352	325	373	343	308	-35	2.7	2.5	2.9	2.7	2.4	-0.3
Durable goods	194	194	215	175	167	-8	2.4	2.4	2.7	2.2	2.1	-0.1
Nondurable goods	157	131	158	168	140	-28	3.3	2.7	3.3	3.5	2.9	-0.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,122	945	981	1,054	1,059	5	3.9	3.3	3.4	3.6	3.6	0.0
Wholesale trade	141	138	137	140	136	-4	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Retail trade	648	539	573	615	601	-14	4.2	3.4	3.7	3.9	3.8	-0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	333	267	271	298	322	24	4.7	3.7	3.8	4.1	4.5	0.4
Information	76	87	83	79	88	9	2.5	2.9	2.8	2.6	2.9	0.3
Financial activities	217	195	211	196	171	-25	2.3	2.1	2.3	2.1	1.8	-0.3
Finance and insurance	145	132	145	131	112	-19	2.2	2.0	2.1	1.9	1.7	-0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	71	62	67	65	59	-6	2.9	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.4	-0.2
Professional and business services	981	1,092	1,061	1,053	993	-60	4.3	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.3	-0.3
Private education and health services	796	737	747	782	728	-54	3.1	2.8	2.8	2.9	2.7	-0.2
Private educational services	86	88	95	85	85	0	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.2	0.0
Health care and social assistance	711	649	652	696	643	-53	3.2	2.9	2.9	3.1	2.8	-0.3
Leisure and hospitality	982	893	863	911	928	17	5.9	5.3	5.1	5.4	5.4	0.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	138	146	185	171	153	-18	5.4	5.5	7.0	6.4	5.7	-0.7
Accommodation and food services	844	747	678	740	774	34	5.9	5.2	4.7	5.2	5.4	0.2
Other services	183	242	235	242	212	-30	3.1	4.1	4.0	4.1	3.6	-0.5
Government	338	321	311	315	319	4	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.4	0.1
Federal	38	34	31	30	28	-2	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.9	-0.1
State and local	301	286	281	285	291	6	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	0.0
State and local education	159	144	142	150	152	2	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4	0.0
State and local, excluding education	141	143	139	135	139	4	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.4	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	864	803	870	768	789	21	3.1	2.8	3.1	2.7	2.8	0.1
South	2,138	2,039	2,117	2,109	1,990	-119	3.6	3.4	3.6	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Midwest	1,160	1,207	1,106	1,145	1,081	-64	3.5	3.6	3.3	3.4	3.2	-0.2
West	1,252	1,119	1,102	1,283	1,266	-17	3.4	3.0	3.0	3.4	3.4	0.0
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
Total	3,516	3,178	3,098	3,283	3,065	-218	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.1	1.9	-0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,319	2,999	2,917	3,105	2,882	-223	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Mining and logging	15	9	12	11	12	1	2.3	1.4	2.0	1.8	1.9	0.1
Construction	162	131	125	143	138	-5	2.0	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.7	0.0
Manufacturing	220	208	200	204	180	-24	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.4	-0.2
Durable goods	126	128	112	110	102	-8	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.3	-0.1
Nondurable goods	94	80	88	94	78	-16	2.0	1.7	1.8	2.0	1.6	-0.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	739	578	637	645	691	46	2.6	2.0	2.2	2.2	2.4	0.2
Wholesale trade	73	78	77	81	82	1	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.0
Retail trade	461	368	420	394	414	20	3.0	2.4	2.7	2.5	2.6	0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	205	133	139	169	195	26	2.9	1.8	1.9	2.3	2.7	0.4
Information	42	41	29	36	36	0	1.4	1.4	1.0	1.2	1.2	0.0
Financial activities	126	109	127	114	102	-12	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Finance and insurance	85	88	87	69	67	-2	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.0	1.0	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	41	21	40	45	35	-10	1.6	0.8	1.6	1.8	1.4	-0.4
Professional and business services	594	575	513	530	475	-55	2.6	2.5	2.2	2.3	2.1	-0.2
Private education and health services	572	514	518	534	494	-40	2.2	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.8	-0.2
Private educational services	58	54	45	50	56	6	1.5	1.4	1.2	1.3	1.4	0.1
Health care and social assistance	514	460	473	484	438	-46	2.3	2.0	2.1	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Leisure and hospitality	739	665	610	709	602	-107	4.4	3.9	3.6	4.2	3.5	-0.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	69	73	81	78	56	-22	2.7	2.7	3.1	2.9	2.1	-0.8
Accommodation and food services	670	592	529	631	546	-85	4.7	4.1	3.7	4.4	3.8	-0.6
Other services	110	169	145	178	152	-26	1.9	2.8	2.4	3.0	2.6	-0.4
Government	197	179	181	179	183	4	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.0
Federal	17	17	14	15	14	-1	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.0
State and local	180	162	166	164	169	5	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.0
State and local education	97	86	81	92	93	1	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.0
State and local, excluding education	83	76	85	72	76	4	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	510	471	497	438	420	-18	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.5	1.5	0.0
South	1,448	1,287	1,316	1,314	1,274	-40	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.1	-0.1
Midwest	793	735	658	747	657	-90	2.4	2.2	1.9	2.2	1.9	-0.3
West	765	685	628	784	713	-71	2.1	1.8	1.7	2.1	1.9	-0.2
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
Total	1,546	1,668	1,802	1,748	1,765	17	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,462	1,589	1,727	1,662	1,681	19	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2	0.0
Mining and logging	8	7	6	7	6	-1	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Construction	171	169	170	156	142	-14	2.1	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.7	-0.2
Manufacturing	109	93	154	116	114	-2	0.8	0.7	1.2	0.9	0.9	0.0
Durable goods	53	48	92	53	59	6	0.7	0.6	1.1	0.6	0.7	0.1
Nondurable goods	55	45	61	64	55	-9	1.1	0.9	1.3	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	317	312	312	368	331	-37	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Wholesale trade	59	55	48	46	49	3	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.1
Retail trade	145	137	142	202	169	-33	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.3	1.1	-0.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	112	121	121	120	114	-6	1.6	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.6	-0.1
Information	24	43	42	38	47	9	0.8	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.6	0.3
Financial activities	71	79	56	53	49	-4	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.5	-0.1
Finance and insurance	46	41	32	42	25	-17	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.4	-0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	26	38	24	11	24	13	1.0	1.5	0.9	0.4	1.0	0.6
Professional and business services	325	452	487	476	458	-18	1.4	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Private education and health services	166	172	189	195	189	-6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.0
Private educational services	23	29	45	30	27	-3	0.6	0.8	1.2	0.8	0.7	-0.1
Health care and social assistance	144	143	144	165	162	-3	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	212	204	238	192	300	108	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.1	1.8	0.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	66	69	100	88	95	7	2.5	2.6	3.8	3.3	3.5	0.2
Accommodation and food services	146	135	138	103	205	102	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.7	1.4	0.7
Other services	60	57	74	61	45	-16	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.0	0.8	-0.2
Government	84	79	75	85	84	-1	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.0
Federal	8	6	5	6	5	-1	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local	76	73	69	80	79	-1	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.0
State and local education	42	33	40	44	41	-3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.0
State and local, excluding education	34	40	29	36	38	2	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	264	272	325	274	307	33	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.1
South	568	629	694	699	596	-103	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Midwest	304	395	387	340	366	26	0.9	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.1
West	411	372	396	435	496	61	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.3	0.1
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
Total	351	322	296	275	296	21	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	294	259	240	224	244	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Mining and logging	1	3	2	2	2	0	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.2
Construction	9	12	14	13	21	8	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1
Manufacturing	23	24	20	23	14	-9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Durable goods	15	18	12	12	7	-5	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Nondurable goods	8	6	9	10	7	-3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	67	54	33	40	37	-3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wholesale trade	9	6	12	13	5	-8	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Retail trade	41	35	11	19	18	-1	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	16	13	11	9	13	4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Information	9	3	12	5	5	0	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.0
Financial activities	19	7	29	29	21	-8	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.2	-0.1
Finance and insurance	14	4	25	20	20	0	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	5	4	3	9	1	-8	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.0	-0.4
Professional and business services	63	65	60	47	60	13	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1
Private education and health services	58	50	40	52	45	-7	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Private educational services	6	4	5	5	2	-3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Health care and social assistance	53	46	35	47	43	-4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	31	24	14	11	26	15	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	3	4	3	4	3	-1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Accommodation and food services	28	19	11	6	23	17	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2
Other services	13	16	16	3	14	11	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1
Government	57	63	56	51	52	1	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Federal	13	11	11	9	9	0	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.0
State and local	44	52	45	41	43	2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local education	20	25	20	14	17	3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1
State and local, excluding education	24	27	25	27	25	-2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	90	59	48	56	62	6	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
South	123	123	107	96	120	24	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Midwest	63	77	62	59	57	-2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
West	75	62	79	64	57	-7	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 7. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Change from: Oct. 2024 - Nov. 2024(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	7,932	6,912	6,501	6,949	7,205	256	5.6	4.9	4.6	4.9	5.0	0.1
1 to 9 employees	1,734	1,540	1,164	1,511	1,655	144	7.5	6.5	5.5	6.5	6.9	0.4
10 to 49 employees	2,352	2,045	2,086	2,130	2,205	75	5.3	4.6	4.6	4.7	4.9	0.2
50 to 249 employees	1,935	1,841	1,797	1,902	1,907	5	4.8	4.5	4.3	4.6	4.7	0.1
250 to 999 employees	1,083	827	786	748	751	3	5.4	4.1	3.9	3.9	3.9	0.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	589	417	445	452	470	18	6.4	4.8	4.8	4.9	5.1	0.2
5,000 or more employees	240	242	223	206	218	12	4.9	5.0	4.4	4.4	4.6	0.2
HIRES
Total private	5,205	5,067	5,221	5,029	4,915	-114	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.6	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	947	856	846	775	657	-118	4.4	3.9	4.3	3.6	3.0	-0.6
10 to 49 employees	1,516	1,598	1,700	1,640	1,723	83	3.6	3.7	4.0	3.8	4.0	0.2
50 to 249 employees	1,531	1,530	1,608	1,614	1,506	-108	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.1	3.9	-0.2
250 to 999 employees	803	696	663	640	677	37	4.3	3.6	3.5	3.5	3.6	0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	329	299	319	288	279	-9	3.8	3.6	3.6	3.3	3.2	-0.1
5,000 or more employees	79	88	85	72	73	1	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.6	1.6	0.0
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	5,075	4,847	4,884	4,991	4,807	-184	3.8	3.6	3.6	3.7	3.5	-0.2
1 to 9 employees	725	618	663	775	697	-78	3.4	2.8	3.3	3.6	3.1	-0.5
10 to 49 employees	1,595	1,656	1,704	1,618	1,612	-6	3.8	3.9	4.0	3.8	3.8	0.0
50 to 249 employees	1,584	1,492	1,505	1,594	1,593	-1	4.1	3.9	3.8	4.1	4.1	0.0
250 to 999 employees	787	725	649	648	601	-47	4.2	3.8	3.4	3.5	3.2	-0.3
1,000 to 4,999 employees	317	285	295	298	243	-55	3.7	3.5	3.3	3.4	2.8	-0.6
5,000 or more employees	67	71	70	59	60	1	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.3	0.0
QUITS
Total private	3,319	2,999	2,917	3,105	2,882	-223	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.1	-0.2
1 to 9 employees	453	345	354	372	397	25	2.1	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.8	0.1
10 to 49 employees	1,118	1,081	1,136	1,114	984	-130	2.6	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.3	-0.3
50 to 249 employees	1,049	961	853	1,046	952	-94	2.7	2.5	2.1	2.7	2.5	-0.2
250 to 999 employees	477	419	369	379	366	-13	2.5	2.2	1.9	2.1	2.0	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	179	151	164	159	146	-13	2.1	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.7	-0.1
5,000 or more employees	44	42	42	35	36	1	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.0
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,462	1,589	1,727	1,662	1,681	19	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2	0.0
1 to 9 employees	240	230	292	375	225	-150	1.1	1.0	1.5	1.7	1.0	-0.7
10 to 49 employees	348	477	486	446	571	125	0.8	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.3	0.3
50 to 249 employees	466	470	580	477	574	97	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.5	0.3
250 to 999 employees	271	278	246	229	208	-21	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.1	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	121	115	106	120	87	-33	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.0	-0.4
5,000 or more employees	16	20	17	16	16	0	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.0
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	294	259	240	224	244	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
1 to 9 employees	31	44	17	28	75	47	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2
10 to 49 employees	129	98	82	58	56	-2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
50 to 249 employees	70	61	72	71	67	-4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
250 to 999 employees	39	28	33	39	27	-12	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	17	19	25	19	10	-9	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.1	-0.1
5,000 or more employees	8	9	10	8	8	0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 8. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
Total	8,395	8,261	7,660	5.0	4.9	4.6
INDUSTRY
Total private	7,422	7,419	6,786	5.2	5.2	4.7
Mining and logging	30	29	26	4.5	4.3	4.0
Construction	405	273	236	4.7	3.1	2.7
Manufacturing	549	471	410	4.1	3.5	3.1
Durable goods	379	323	264	4.4	3.8	3.2
Nondurable goods	171	149	146	3.4	3.0	2.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,247	1,057	889	4.1	3.5	2.9
Wholesale trade	288	142	145	4.5	2.2	2.3
Retail trade	511	589	456	3.1	3.6	2.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	448	326	289	5.8	4.3	3.7
Information	141	211	114	4.5	6.6	3.7
Financial activities	393	497	537	4.1	5.1	5.5
Finance and insurance	278	327	397	4.0	4.6	5.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	115	170	140	4.4	6.3	5.3
Professional and business services	1,427	1,786	1,811	5.8	7.2	7.3
Private education and health services	1,851	1,715	1,602	6.6	6.0	5.6
Private educational services	152	152	177	3.6	3.6	4.2
Health care and social assistance	1,700	1,563	1,426	7.2	6.4	5.9
Leisure and hospitality	1,051	1,120	878	6.0	6.2	5.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	128	92	88	5.0	3.4	3.3
Accommodation and food services	923	1,028	790	6.2	6.7	5.3
Other services	326	260	282	5.3	4.2	4.5
Government	973	842	874	4.0	3.4	3.5
Federal	162	133	128	5.2	4.2	4.1
State and local	811	709	747	3.8	3.3	3.4
State and local education	271	245	246	2.4	2.1	2.1
State and local, excluding education	540	464	500	5.5	4.6	4.9
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,407	1,252	1,165	4.8	4.2	3.9
South	3,278	3,287	3,206	5.2	5.2	5.1
Midwest	1,920	1,818	1,648	5.4	5.1	4.6
West	1,790	1,904	1,640	4.6	4.8	4.2
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 9. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
Total	5,088	5,831	4,787	3.2	3.6	3.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,802	5,496	4,519	3.6	4.0	3.3
Mining and logging	15	21	17	2.3	3.2	2.6
Construction	279	326	231	3.4	3.9	2.8
Manufacturing	292	332	231	2.3	2.6	1.8
Durable goods	169	166	123	2.1	2.1	1.5
Nondurable goods	122	166	108	2.5	3.4	2.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,373	1,349	1,374	4.7	4.6	4.6
Wholesale trade	127	153	111	2.1	2.5	1.8
Retail trade	726	753	683	4.6	4.8	4.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	519	443	580	7.1	6.1	7.8
Information	65	83	72	2.2	2.8	2.4
Financial activities	178	198	143	1.9	2.1	1.5
Finance and insurance	115	125	93	1.7	1.9	1.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	63	72	50	2.5	2.9	2.0
Professional and business services	890	1,114	858	3.9	4.8	3.7
Private education and health services	767	934	667	2.9	3.5	2.5
Private educational services	63	84	61	1.6	2.1	1.5
Health care and social assistance	704	850	605	3.2	3.7	2.6
Leisure and hospitality	774	877	755	4.7	5.2	4.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	102	139	126	4.2	5.3	5.0
Accommodation and food services	672	738	629	4.8	5.2	4.4
Other services	169	262	170	2.9	4.4	2.9
Government	285	335	268	1.2	1.4	1.1
Federal	43	31	29	1.5	1.0	1.0
State and local	242	305	239	1.2	1.5	1.1
State and local education	110	159	115	1.0	1.4	1.0
State and local, excluding education	131	146	124	1.4	1.5	1.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	782	891	768	2.8	3.1	2.7
South	2,156	2,417	1,823	3.6	4.0	3.0
Midwest	1,099	1,204	1,082	3.3	3.5	3.2
West	1,050	1,319	1,114	2.8	3.5	3.0
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 10. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
Total	4,778	5,416	4,475	3.0	3.4	2.8
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,534	5,140	4,246	3.4	3.8	3.1
Mining and logging	19	20	17	3.0	3.2	2.7
Construction	353	350	307	4.3	4.1	3.7
Manufacturing	285	340	243	2.2	2.6	1.9
Durable goods	153	165	126	1.9	2.0	1.6
Nondurable goods	132	175	117	2.7	3.6	2.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,057	1,033	1,003	3.6	3.5	3.4
Wholesale trade	121	128	115	2.0	2.1	1.9
Retail trade	619	592	566	3.9	3.8	3.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	317	312	321	4.3	4.3	4.3
Information	68	74	76	2.2	2.5	2.5
Financial activities	172	181	129	1.9	1.9	1.4
Finance and insurance	112	114	80	1.7	1.7	1.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	60	66	50	2.4	2.6	2.0
Professional and business services	897	1,083	885	3.9	4.7	3.8
Private education and health services	672	780	602	2.6	2.9	2.2
Private educational services	52	62	50	1.3	1.5	1.2
Health care and social assistance	620	718	552	2.8	3.2	2.4
Leisure and hospitality	852	1,045	814	5.2	6.2	4.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	158	224	191	6.5	8.5	7.5
Accommodation and food services	694	821	623	4.9	5.7	4.4
Other services	158	233	170	2.7	3.9	2.9
Government	245	276	229	1.0	1.2	1.0
Federal	35	30	25	1.2	1.0	0.8
State and local	210	246	204	1.0	1.2	1.0
State and local education	87	111	85	0.8	1.0	0.7
State and local, excluding education	123	135	119	1.3	1.4	1.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	788	754	735	2.8	2.6	2.6
South	1,795	2,146	1,620	3.0	3.6	2.7
Midwest	1,078	1,176	959	3.2	3.5	2.8
West	1,118	1,339	1,161	3.0	3.6	3.1
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 11. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
Total	3,004	3,394	2,511	1.9	2.1	1.6
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,857	3,236	2,375	2.1	2.4	1.7
Mining and logging	12	12	10	1.8	1.8	1.5
Construction	136	157	110	1.7	1.9	1.3
Manufacturing	166	200	131	1.3	1.6	1.0
Durable goods	94	104	73	1.2	1.3	0.9
Nondurable goods	73	96	59	1.5	2.0	1.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	681	665	635	2.3	2.3	2.1
Wholesale trade	52	70	58	0.9	1.1	0.9
Retail trade	439	410	382	2.8	2.6	2.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	189	186	195	2.6	2.6	2.6
Information	36	36	28	1.2	1.2	0.9
Financial activities	108	108	78	1.2	1.2	0.8
Finance and insurance	70	61	47	1.0	0.9	0.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	38	48	31	1.5	1.9	1.2
Professional and business services	537	584	398	2.3	2.5	1.7
Private education and health services	492	554	408	1.9	2.1	1.5
Private educational services	38	39	37	0.9	1.0	0.9
Health care and social assistance	455	515	371	2.1	2.3	1.6
Leisure and hospitality	608	745	465	3.7	4.4	2.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	53	84	37	2.2	3.2	1.4
Accommodation and food services	555	661	429	3.9	4.6	3.0
Other services	81	174	112	1.4	2.9	1.9
Government	148	158	136	0.6	0.7	0.6
Federal	16	15	12	0.5	0.5	0.4
State and local	132	143	124	0.6	0.7	0.6
State and local education	58	69	57	0.5	0.6	0.5
State and local, excluding education	74	74	66	0.8	0.8	0.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	439	438	351	1.6	1.5	1.2
South	1,209	1,366	1,013	2.0	2.3	1.7
Midwest	695	782	536	2.1	2.3	1.6
West	661	808	610	1.8	2.1	1.6
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 12. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
Total	1,472	1,774	1,705	0.9	1.1	1.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,415	1,699	1,648	1.0	1.2	1.2
Mining and logging	6	7	5	1.0	1.1	0.8
Construction	211	182	178	2.6	2.1	2.1
Manufacturing	96	119	99	0.7	0.9	0.8
Durable goods	45	50	47	0.6	0.6	0.6
Nondurable goods	51	69	52	1.1	1.4	1.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	314	329	336	1.1	1.1	1.1
Wholesale trade	60	46	52	1.0	0.7	0.8
Retail trade	141	166	168	0.9	1.1	1.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	113	116	116	1.5	1.6	1.6
Information	22	31	43	0.7	1.0	1.4
Financial activities	54	51	35	0.6	0.5	0.4
Finance and insurance	34	38	17	0.5	0.6	0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	19	13	19	0.8	0.5	0.7
Professional and business services	304	455	432	1.3	2.0	1.9
Private education and health services	132	182	156	0.5	0.7	0.6
Private educational services	11	19	12	0.3	0.5	0.3
Health care and social assistance	120	163	144	0.5	0.7	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	210	288	318	1.3	1.7	1.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	102	135	151	4.2	5.1	6.0
Accommodation and food services	108	153	167	0.8	1.1	1.2
Other services	67	56	48	1.1	0.9	0.8
Government	56	75	57	0.2	0.3	0.2
Federal	8	7	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
State and local	48	68	52	0.2	0.3	0.2
State and local education	18	32	18	0.2	0.3	0.2
State and local, excluding education	30	36	33	0.3	0.4	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	267	263	318	0.9	0.9	1.1
South	484	687	505	0.8	1.1	0.8
Midwest	334	349	384	1.0	1.0	1.1
West	387	476	499	1.0	1.3	1.3
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 13. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
Total	302	248	259	0.2	0.2	0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	262	205	223	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mining and logging	1	1	2	0.2	0.2	0.3
Construction	6	11	19	0.1	0.1	0.2
Manufacturing	22	21	13	0.2	0.2	0.1
Durable goods	14	12	6	0.2	0.1	0.1
Nondurable goods	8	10	7	0.2	0.2	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	62	39	32	0.2	0.1	0.1
Wholesale trade	8	13	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Retail trade	39	16	16	0.2	0.1	0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	14	11	11	0.2	0.1	0.2
Information	10	7	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Financial activities	11	22	16	0.1	0.2	0.2
Finance and insurance	8	16	16	0.1	0.2	0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	3	6	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Professional and business services	56	44	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Private education and health services	49	44	39	0.2	0.2	0.1
Private educational services	3	4	1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Health care and social assistance	45	40	38	0.2	0.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	35	12	31	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	4	5	3	0.2	0.2	0.1
Accommodation and food services	31	7	28	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other services	11	3	11	0.2	0.1	0.2
Government	41	43	36	0.2	0.2	0.2
Federal	11	8	7	0.4	0.3	0.2
State and local	30	35	29	0.1	0.2	0.1
State and local education	11	10	9	0.1	0.1	0.1
State and local, excluding education	19	24	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	81	52	65	0.3	0.2	0.2
South	102	94	103	0.2	0.2	0.2
Midwest	49	46	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
West	70	55	51	0.2	0.1	0.1
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 14. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, not seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)	Nov. 2023	Oct. 2024	Nov. 2024(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	7,422	7,419	6,786	5.2	5.2	4.7
1 to 9 employees	1,523	1,774	1,476	6.6	7.5	6.2
10 to 49 employees	2,183	2,269	2,072	4.9	5.0	4.6
50 to 249 employees	1,794	1,922	1,794	4.5	4.6	4.4
250 to 999 employees	1,074	781	730	5.4	4.1	3.8
1,000 to 4,999 employees	596	471	491	6.4	5.1	5.3
5,000 or more employees	251	203	223	5.1	4.4	4.7
HIRES
Total private	4,802	5,496	4,519	3.6	4.0	3.3
1 to 9 employees	752	924	525	3.5	4.2	2.3
10 to 49 employees	1,304	1,666	1,481	3.1	3.9	3.4
50 to 249 employees	1,434	1,726	1,394	3.7	4.4	3.6
250 to 999 employees	843	739	730	4.5	4.0	3.9
1,000 to 4,999 employees	395	368	325	4.5	4.2	3.7
5,000 or more employees	75	74	64	1.6	1.7	1.4
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	4,534	5,140	4,246	3.4	3.8	3.1
1 to 9 employees	607	835	584	2.8	3.8	2.6
10 to 49 employees	1,385	1,660	1,360	3.2	3.8	3.2
50 to 249 employees	1,445	1,616	1,470	3.8	4.1	3.8
250 to 999 employees	725	669	547	3.8	3.6	2.9
1,000 to 4,999 employees	314	303	236	3.6	3.5	2.7
5,000 or more employees	58	56	49	1.2	1.3	1.1
QUITS
Total private	2,857	3,236	2,375	2.1	2.4	1.7
1 to 9 employees	339	439	294	1.6	2.0	1.3
10 to 49 employees	956	1,146	779	2.2	2.7	1.8
50 to 249 employees	917	1,046	803	2.4	2.7	2.1
250 to 999 employees	432	399	329	2.3	2.2	1.8
1,000 to 4,999 employees	175	171	140	2.0	1.9	1.6
5,000 or more employees	37	35	29	0.8	0.8	0.7
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,415	1,699	1,648	1.0	1.2	1.2
1 to 9 employees	241	372	216	1.1	1.7	1.0
10 to 49 employees	318	462	536	0.7	1.1	1.2
50 to 249 employees	466	505	607	1.2	1.3	1.6
250 to 999 employees	252	231	190	1.3	1.3	1.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	124	114	86	1.4	1.3	1.0
5,000 or more employees	14	14	13	0.3	0.3	0.3
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	262	205	223	0.2	0.2	0.2
1 to 9 employees	27	24	73	0.1	0.1	0.3
10 to 49 employees	110	52	45	0.3	0.1	0.1
50 to 249 employees	61	64	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
250 to 999 employees	41	39	29	0.2	0.2	0.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	15	18	9	0.2	0.2	0.1
5,000 or more employees	7	7	7	0.2	0.2	0.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.