For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Thursday, January 10, 2013 USDL-13-0015
Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov
Job Openings and Labor Turnover – November 2012
There were 3.7 million job openings on the last business day of
November, unchanged from October, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
reported today. The hires rate (3.2 percent) and separations rate (3.1
percent) also were unchanged in November. This release includes
estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and
separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic
region.
Job Openings
The number of job openings in November was 3.7 million, unchanged from
October. (See table 1.) The number of openings increased in retail
trade and was little changed in all remaining industries and in all
four regions in November. The level of total nonfarm job openings was
2.4 million at the end of the recession in June 2009. (Recession dates
are determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research.)
The number of job openings in November (not seasonally adjusted) rose
over the year for total nonfarm and total private but was little
changed for government. Job openings increased over the year for
retail trade and for health care and social assistance. The Midwest
and Northeast regions experienced an increase in job openings over the
12 months ending in November. (See table 7.)
Hires
In November, the hires rate was unchanged at 3.2 percent. The hires
rate increased in government over the month. The rate was little
changed in all four regions. (See table 2.) The number of hires in
November was 4.3 million, up from 3.7 million at the end of the
recession in June 2009.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Job openings | Hires | Total separations
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Industry | Nov. | Oct. | Nov. | Nov. | Oct. | Nov. | Nov. | Oct. | Nov.
| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p
-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
| Levels (in thousands)
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|3,274 |3,665 |3,676 |4,268 |4,316 |4,319 |4,057 |4,087 |4,138
| | | | | | | | |
Total private(1)..............|2,925 |3,301 |3,321 |3,986 |4,053 |4,021 |3,750 |3,767 |3,838
Construction.................| 83 | 99 | 93 | 312 | 318 | 351 | 300 | 290 | 358
Manufacturing................| 240 | 281 | 276 | 237 | 242 | 231 | 236 | 228 | 232
Trade, transportation, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities(2)............| 581 | 610 | 720 | 849 | 907 | 869 | 770 | 824 | 768
Retail trade................| 316 | 374 | 460 | 573 | 615 | 572 | 520 | 552 | 500
Professional and | | | | | | | | |
business services...........| 561 | 645 | 584 | 858 | 887 | 914 | 807 | 785 | 856
Education and health | | | | | | | | |
services(3).................| 616 | 681 | 705 | 483 | 501 | 478 | 462 | 477 | 468
Health care and | | | | | | | | |
social assistance..........| 552 | 627 | 643 | 407 | 433 | 424 | 396 | 397 | 406
Leisure and hospitality......| 434 | 442 | 479 | 779 | 738 | 684 | 715 | 706 | 677
Arts, entertainment | | | | | | | | |
and recreation.............| 58 | 49 | 44 | 157 | 120 | 106 | 142 | 112 | 101
Accommodation and | | | | | | | | |
food services..............| 376 | 394 | 435 | 622 | 618 | 578 | 573 | 594 | 576
Government(4).................| 349 | 364 | 355 | 281 | 263 | 298 | 307 | 320 | 300
State and local..............| 299 | 304 | 298 | 252 | 236 | 269 | 268 | 282 | 264
|--------------------------------------------------------------
| Rates (percent)
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................| 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1
| | | | | | | | |
Total private(1)..............| 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4
Construction.................| 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 6.5
Manufacturing................| 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9
Trade, transportation, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities(2)............| 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.0
Retail trade................| 2.1 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.4
Professional and | | | | | | | | |
business services...........| 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.7
Education and health | | | | | | | | |
services(3).................| 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3
Health care and | | | | | | | | |
social assistance..........| 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4
Leisure and hospitality......| 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.9
Arts, entertainment | | | | | | | | |
and recreation.............| 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 8.2 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 7.4 | 5.8 | 5.2
Accommodation and | | | | | | | | |
food services..............| 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9
Government(4).................| 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4
State and local..............| 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not
shown separately.
2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown
separately.
3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
p Preliminary
Over the 12 months ending in November, the hires rate (not seasonally
adjusted) was unchanged for total nonfarm and total private and was
little changed for government. The hires rate decreased in arts,
entertainment, and recreation over the 12 months ending in November
and was little changed in all four regions. (See table 8.)
Separations
The total separations figure includes quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations. Total separations is also referred to as
turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the
employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’
willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are
involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations
include separations due to retirement, death, and disability, as well
as transfers to other locations of the same firm.
In November, the quits rate was unchanged at 1.6 percent. The quits
rate was little changed for total private and government. (See table
4.) The number of quits was 2.1 million in November compared to 1.8
million at the end of the recession in June 2009.
The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over
the 12 months ending in November for total nonfarm and total private.
The number of quits rose in government. Quits increased over the year
in transportation, warehousing, and utilities and in state and local
government. Quits levels were essentially unchanged over the year for
all four regions. (See table 10.)
The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is
seasonally adjusted at the total nonfarm, total private, and
government levels and for the four regions. The layoffs and discharges
rate was little changed in November at 1.2 percent. The rate was also
little changed for total private and government and in all four
regions. (See table 5.) The number of layoffs and discharges for total
nonfarm was 1.7 million in November, down from 2.1 million at the end
of the recession in June 2009.
The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little
changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government over the 12
months ending in November 2012. Over the year, the number of layoffs
and discharges rose in construction but fell in arts, entertainment,
and recreation. The number of layoffs and discharges was little
changed over the year in all four regions. (See table 11.)
In November, there were 344,000 other separations for total nonfarm,
little changed from the previous month. The number of other
separations was also little changed over the year. (See tables 6 and
12.)
Net Change in Employment
Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout
the business cycle. Net employment change results from the
relationship between hires and separations. When the number of hires
exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires
level is steady or declining. Conversely, when the number of hires is
less than the number of separations, employment declines, even if the
hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in November
2012, hires totaled 51.7 million and separations totaled 49.9 million,
yielding a net employment gain of 1.9 million. These figures include
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during
the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for December 2012
are scheduled to be released on Tuesday, February 12, 2013 at 10:00
a.m. (EST).
______________________________________________________________________
| |
| Hurricane Sandy |
| |
| The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) sample is |
| designed to produce estimates of job openings, hires, and |
| separations for the nation as a whole, and for four geographic |
| regions. Industry detail is produced only for the national-level |
| estimates. While JOLTS does not produce data at the detailed local |
| level, some effect of the storm and ensuing flooding may be |
| reflected in the JOLTS estimates. However, it is not possible to |
| quantify the effect of Hurricane Sandy on the overall JOLTS |
| estimates. |
| |
| All possible efforts were made to contact survey respondents in |
| the areas affected by Hurricane Sandy, and special treatment |
| procedures were used for selected cases as described below. |
| Nonresponding establishments that met the following criteria were |
| given special treatment in the October estimation: 1.) The |
| establishment exhibited a consistent pattern of reporting survey |
| data in the months preceding the storm, 2.) The establishment was |
| located in one of the most heavily damaged or flooded areas as |
| defined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), 3.) The |
| establishment was identified as being in a hurricane zone or |
| evacuation area by the US Army Corps of Engineers or as being in |
| an evacuation area by the New York City Office of Emergency |
| Management, 4.) Research produced independent corroboration that |
| the business location was not operating, and 5.) Research produced |
| no evidence that the establishment’s workforce was still being |
| paid or was otherwise considered employed. For such |
| establishments, BLS assumed that they had no job openings as of |
| the last business day of the month, and that by the end of October |
| the business was closed and their entire workforce was laid off. |
| There were very few establishments subject to the special |
| procedures. |
|____________________________________________________________________|
Technical Note
The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS)
are collected and compiled monthly from a sample of business
establishments by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
Collection
In a monthly survey of business establishments, data are
collected for total employment, job openings, hires, quits, layoffs
and discharges, and other separations. Data collection methods
include computer-assisted telephone interviewing, touchtone data
entry, web, fax, e-mail, and mail.
Coverage
The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such
as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and
local government entities in the 50 states and the District of
Columbia.
Concepts
Industry classification. The industry classifications in this
release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS). In order to
ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Workforce
Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the
industry code, location, and ownership classification of all
establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment
characteristics resulting from the verification process are always
introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame with the data reported for
the first month of the year.
Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who
worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th
day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-
term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay
period, are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and
consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by the
establishment where they are working.
Job openings. Establishments submit job openings information for
the last business day of the reference month. A job opening
requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work
available for that position, 2) work could start within 30 days
regardless of whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the
employer is actively recruiting from outside the establishment to
fill the position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent,
short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting means that
the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising
in newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted signs,
accepting applications, or using other similar methods.
Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions,
demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are
jobs with start dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for
which employees have been hired but have not yet reported for work,
and jobs to be filled by employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants.
The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job
openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying
that quotient by 100.
Hires. Hires are the total number of additions to the payroll
occurring at any time during the reference month, including both
new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the
location after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or
intermittent employees who returned to work after having been
formally separated, and transfers from other locations. The hires
count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting
site, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help
agencies or employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or
consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of
hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
Separations. Separations are the total number of terminations of
employment occurring at any time during the reference month, and
are reported by type of separation--quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations. Quits are voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations
initiated by the employer and include layoffs with no intent to
rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last more than 7
days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings;
firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or
short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal employees.
Other separations include retirements, transfers to other
locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. Separations
do not include transfers within the same location or employees on
strike.
The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of
separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are
computed similarly, dividing the number by employment and
multiplying by 100.
Annual estimates. Annual estimates of rates and levels of hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total
separations are released with the January news release each year.
The JOLTS annual level estimates for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. The annual rate estimates are
computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying
that quotient by 100. This figure will be approximately equal to
the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Note that both the JOLTS and CES
annual levels are rounded to the nearest thousand before the annual
estimates are calculated. Consistent with BLS practices, annual
estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data.
Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings because job
openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last
business day of each month. Only jobs still open on the last day
of the month are counted. For the same reason job openings cannot
be cumulated throughout each month, annual figures for job openings
cannot be created by summing the monthly estimates. Hires and
separations are flow measures and are cumulated over the month with
a total reported for the month. Therefore, the annual figures can
be created by summing the monthly estimates.
Special collection procedures
An implied measure of employment change can be derived from the
JOLTS data by subtracting separations from hires for a given
month. Aggregating these monthly changes historically produced
employment levels that overstated employment change as measured by
CES at the total nonfarm level. Research into this problem showed
that a significant amount of the divergence between the CES
employment levels and the derived JOLTS employment levels was
traceable to the Employment Services industry and to the State
Government Education industry. In the former industry, businesses
have a difficult time reporting hires and separations of temporary
help workers. In the latter industry, employers have difficulty
reporting hires and separations of student workers. BLS now
devotes additional resources to the collection, editing, and review
of data for these industries. BLS analysts more closely examine
reported data that do not provide a consistent picture over time,
and re-contact the respondents as necessary. Analysts work with
the respondents to adjust their reporting practices as possible.
Units that cannot be reconciled but are clearly incorrect on a
consistent basis are not used, they are replaced by imputed values
using standard techniques.
Sample and estimation methodology
The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business establishments, including factories, offices, and
stores, as well as federal, state, and local governments in the 50
states and the District of Columbia. The establishments are drawn
from a universe of over 9.1 million establishments compiled as part
of the operations of the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
(QCEW) program. This program includes all employers subject to state
Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal agencies subject to
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE).
The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, industry
sector, and establishment size class. The JOLTS sample is constructed
from individual panels of sample units drawn on an annual basis. The
full annual sample consists of one certainty panel composed of only
large units selected with virtual certainty based on their size and
24 non-certainty panels. Each month a new non-certainty panel is
rolled into collection, and the oldest non-certainty panel is
rolled out. This means that at any given time the JOLTS sample is
constructed from panels from three different annual sampling
frames. The entire sample of old plus new panels is post-
stratified and re-weighted annually to represent the most recent
sampling frame. Additionally, the out-of-business establishments
are removed from the old panels. The annual sample is supplemented
with a quarterly sample of birth establishments (i.e., new
establishments) to better reflect the impact of younger
establishments in the JOLTS sample.
JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked or ratio adjusted
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the Current
Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment
is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data elements.
JOLTS business birth/death model
As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as
current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an
establishment until its appearance on the sampling frame is
approximately one year. In addition, many of these new units may
fail within the first year. Since these universe units cannot be
reflected on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS
sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from
these units during their early existence. BLS has developed a model
to estimate birth/death activity for current months by examining the
birth/death activity from previous years on the QCEW and projecting
forward using the ratio of over-the-year CES employment change.
The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to estimate the
amount of “churn” (hires and separations) that exists in establishments
of various sizes. The model then combines the estimated churn with
the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and
separations taking place in these units that cannot be measured
through sampling.
The model-based estimate of total separations is distributed to
the three components–-quits; layoffs and discharges; and other
separations--in proportion to their contribution to the sample-
based estimate of total separations. Additionally, job openings
for the modeled units are estimated by computing the ratio of
openings to hires in the collected data and applying that ratio to
the modeled hires. The estimates of job openings, hires, and
separations produced by the birth/death model are then added to the
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.
Seasonal adjustment
BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using the X-12 ARIMA
seasonal adjustment program. Seasonal adjustment is the process of
estimating and removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such
as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school
year. Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental
changes in the level of the series, particularly those associated
with general economic expansions and contractions. A concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant
data, up to and including the data for the current month.
JOLTS uses moving averages as seasonal filters in seasonal
adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and
multiplicative seasonal adjustment models and REGARIMA (regression
with autocorrelated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to
detect and adjust for outliers in the series.
Alignment procedure
JOLTS hires minus separations should be comparable to the CES net
employment change. However, definitional differences as well as
sampling and non-sampling errors between the two surveys
historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit
the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires and
separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly Alignment Method.
The Monthly Alignment Method applies the CES employment trends to
the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while
preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two
series are seasonally adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS
implied employment trend and the CES net employment change is
calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment trend is adjusted to
equal the CES net employment change through a proportional
adjustment. This proportional adjustment procedure adjusts the two
components (hires, separations) proportionally to their
contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). For
example, if hires are 40 percent of the churn for a given month,
they will receive 40 percent of the needed adjustment and
separations will receive 60 percent of the needed adjustment. The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to
adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the
adjusted levels. The monthly alignment procedure assures a close
match of the JOLTS implied employment trend with the CES trend. The
CES series is considered a highly accurate measure of net
employment change owing to its very large sample size and annual
benchmarking to universe counts of employment from the QCEW
program.
Historical changes in JOLTS data
The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and separations are
relatively new. The full sample is divided into panels, with one
panel enrolled each month. A full complement of panels for the
original data series based on the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the
survey until January 2002. The supplemental panels of
establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not completely
enrolled until May 2003. The data collected up until those points
are from less than a full sample. Therefore, estimates from
earlier months should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units
were reporting data at that time.
In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires and
separations data were revised to address possible underreporting.
As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior
to March 2002 may not be comparable to estimates for March 2002 and
later.
The federal government reorganization that involved transferring
approximately 180,000 employees to the new Department of Homeland
Security is not reflected in the JOLTS hires and separations
estimates for the federal government. The Office of Personnel
Management's record shows these transfers were completed in March
2003. The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS definitions of hires
and separations is intended to cover ongoing movements of workers
between establishments. The Department of Homeland Security
reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the inclusion of
these intergovernmental transfers would distort the federal government
time series.
Reliability of the estimates
JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error. When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ
from the "true" population values they represent. The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular
sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard
error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the
90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-
percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a
sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the
"true" population value because of sampling error. Estimates of
sampling errors are available upon request.
The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure
to include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain
data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by
respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the
data, and errors from the employment benchmark data used in
estimation.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200;
Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 3,274 3,722 3,593 3,661 3,547 3,665 3,676 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 2,925 3,346 3,211 3,257 3,172 3,301 3,321 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9
Construction........................... 83 68 67 81 82 99 93 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.7
Manufacturing.......................... 240 296 273 257 241 281 276 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 581 588 585 592 592 610 720 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.7
Retail trade.......................... 316 348 334 350 342 374 460 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 3.0
Professional and business services..... 561 693 641 761 622 645 584 3.1 3.7 3.5 4.1 3.3 3.5 3.1
Education and health services(6)....... 616 713 689 661 725 681 705 3.0 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3
Health care and social assistance..... 552 660 604 601 654 627 643 3.2 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.6
Leisure and hospitality................ 434 460 469 405 366 442 479 3.1 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.6 3.1 3.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 58 47 50 50 54 49 44 2.9 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.2
Accommodation and food services....... 376 413 419 355 312 394 435 3.2 3.4 3.5 2.9 2.6 3.2 3.6
Government(7)........................... 349 376 382 404 375 364 355 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6
State and local........................ 299 304 329 327 306 304 298 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. 557 664 671 681 659 654 670 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.6
South.................................. 1,306 1,490 1,399 1,431 1,325 1,420 1,381 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.8
Midwest................................ 730 777 759 790 817 849 863 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8
West................................... 682 792 763 758 747 742 763 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus
job openings.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah,
Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 4,268 4,284 4,278 4,440 4,204 4,316 4,319 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 3,986 4,000 3,989 4,109 3,922 4,053 4,021 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.6
Construction........................... 312 355 359 323 327 318 351 5.7 6.4 6.5 5.9 5.9 5.7 6.4
Manufacturing.......................... 237 270 244 230 235 242 231 2.0 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 849 821 848 892 819 907 869 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.6 3.4
Retail trade.......................... 573 556 570 577 548 615 572 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.7 4.1 3.8
Professional and business services..... 858 931 871 915 848 887 914 4.9 5.2 4.9 5.1 4.7 4.9 5.1
Education and health services(6)....... 483 494 500 502 499 501 478 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.3
Health care and social assistance..... 407 425 427 430 417 433 424 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5
Leisure and hospitality................ 779 700 720 747 708 738 684 5.8 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.2 5.4 5.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 157 108 106 104 102 120 106 8.2 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.3 6.2 5.4
Accommodation and food services....... 622 592 614 643 606 618 578 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.5 5.1 5.2 4.9
Government(7)........................... 281 284 288 332 283 263 298 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.4
State and local........................ 252 256 268 300 251 236 269 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.4
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. 691 701 675 676 745 648 710 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.5 2.8
South.................................. 1,626 1,691 1,674 1,758 1,722 1,710 1,630 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4
Midwest................................ 1,004 985 993 1,056 893 954 995 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5 2.9 3.1 3.3
West................................... 947 908 935 951 844 1,005 984 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.9 3.4 3.4
1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 4,057 4,249 4,088 4,355 4,017 4,087 4,138 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.1
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 3,750 3,943 3,789 4,062 3,759 3,767 3,838 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.4
Construction........................... 300 342 358 316 332 290 358 5.4 6.2 6.5 5.7 6.0 5.2 6.5
Manufacturing.......................... 236 263 228 250 235 228 232 2.0 2.2 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 770 827 815 883 805 824 768 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.0
Retail trade.......................... 520 558 556 587 541 552 500 3.5 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.4
Professional and business services..... 807 921 807 911 821 785 856 4.6 5.1 4.5 5.1 4.6 4.4 4.7
Education and health services(6)....... 462 493 463 474 438 477 468 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.3
Health care and social assistance..... 396 409 396 404 375 397 406 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.4
Leisure and hospitality................ 715 679 685 730 672 706 677 5.3 5.0 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 142 101 105 88 104 112 101 7.4 5.3 5.5 4.5 5.4 5.8 5.2
Accommodation and food services....... 573 578 579 642 568 594 576 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.5 4.8 5.0 4.9
Government(7)........................... 307 306 299 292 258 320 300 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.4
State and local........................ 268 276 271 262 226 282 264 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.4
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. 667 668 711 671 704 660 664 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.6
South.................................. 1,609 1,690 1,579 1,696 1,646 1,644 1,589 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3
Midwest................................ 881 912 894 1,056 868 840 938 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.5 2.9 2.8 3.1
West................................... 899 979 905 931 801 942 947 3.1 3.4 3.1 3.2 2.7 3.2 3.2
1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 1,976 2,133 2,163 2,151 1,964 2,092 2,138 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 1,860 1,998 2,033 2,025 1,849 1,944 1,998 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8
Construction........................... 91 86 87 75 69 89 83 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5
Manufacturing.......................... 121 108 107 113 109 102 105 1.0 .9 .9 .9 .9 .9 .9
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 413 465 482 471 425 452 455 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8
Retail trade.......................... 294 330 340 337 317 315 328 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2
Professional and business services..... 380 400 386 386 362 363 413 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.3
Education and health services(6)....... 247 269 279 277 243 265 276 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.3
Health care and social assistance..... 225 229 248 234 206 233 244 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4
Leisure and hospitality................ 370 440 432 430 411 441 426 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 36 49 47 44 33 40 38 1.9 2.6 2.5 2.3 1.7 2.1 2.0
Accommodation and food services....... 335 391 385 386 377 401 388 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3
Government(7)........................... 116 135 130 125 115 147 141 .5 .6 .6 .6 .5 .7 .6
State and local........................ 106 126 119 115 105 133 130 .6 .7 .6 .6 .5 .7 .7
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. 275 300 315 325 290 292 296 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2
South.................................. 830 925 945 906 868 896 877 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8
Midwest................................ 443 474 449 488 431 442 501 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6
West................................... 428 434 454 432 375 462 464 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.6
1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 1,770 1,761 1,582 1,848 1,728 1,673 1,656 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 1,651 1,655 1,482 1,745 1,643 1,564 1,564 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4
Construction........................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Manufacturing.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Retail trade.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Professional and business services..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Education and health services(6)....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Health care and social assistance..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Leisure and hospitality................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Accommodation and food services....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Government(7)........................... 119 106 100 103 85 108 92 .5 .5 .5 .5 .4 .5 .4
State and local........................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. 325 298 323 269 344 309 311 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.2
South.................................. 669 633 522 686 653 632 596 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2
Midwest................................ 374 366 365 467 365 329 338 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1
West................................... 402 464 372 426 366 403 410 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.4
1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
- Data not available.
Table 6. Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 311 355 343 356 326 323 344 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 240 290 274 292 267 258 276 .2 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2
Construction........................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Manufacturing.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Retail trade.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Professional and business services..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Education and health services(6)....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Health care and social assistance..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Leisure and hospitality................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Accommodation and food services....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Government(7)........................... 71 65 69 64 59 65 67 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3
State and local........................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
South.................................. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Midwest................................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
West................................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
- Data not available.
Table 7. Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 2,912 3,934 3,248 2.1 2.8 2.3
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 2,582 3,571 2,916 2.3 3.1 2.5
Mining and logging............................ 24 14 16 2.9 1.6 1.8
Construction.................................. 58 102 68 1.0 1.7 1.2
Manufacturing................................. 208 284 237 1.7 2.3 1.9
Durable goods................................ 150 177 159 2.0 2.3 2.1
Nondurable goods............................. 58 107 78 1.3 2.3 1.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 504 704 633 1.9 2.7 2.4
Wholesale trade.............................. 118 124 121 2.1 2.1 2.1
Retail trade................................. 276 476 402 1.8 3.1 2.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 110 104 109 2.2 2.0 2.1
Information................................... 114 98 100 4.1 3.6 3.6
Financial activities.......................... 156 292 185 2.0 3.6 2.3
Finance and insurance........................ 121 230 144 2.1 3.8 2.4
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 35 62 41 1.8 3.0 2.0
Professional and business services............ 511 706 517 2.8 3.7 2.8
Education and health services................. 578 722 662 2.8 3.4 3.1
Educational services......................... 58 58 57 1.6 1.6 1.6
Health care and social assistance............ 521 664 605 3.0 3.7 3.4
Leisure and hospitality....................... 339 462 390 2.5 3.3 2.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 51 50 37 2.8 2.6 2.0
Accommodation and food services.............. 288 412 352 2.5 3.4 2.9
Other services................................ 90 187 108 1.7 3.4 2.0
Government..................................... 331 363 332 1.4 1.6 1.5
Federal....................................... 47 63 50 1.6 2.2 1.8
State and local............................... 283 300 282 1.4 1.5 1.4
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 508 720 600 2.0 2.7 2.3
South......................................... 1,168 1,524 1,219 2.4 3.0 2.4
Midwest....................................... 622 880 750 2.0 2.8 2.4
West.......................................... 614 810 679 2.1 2.7 2.2
1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a
percent of total employment plus job openings.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 3,844 4,589 3,904 2.9 3.4 2.9
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 3,640 4,354 3,683 3.3 3.9 3.3
Mining and logging............................ 20 30 27 2.4 3.6 3.2
Construction.................................. 223 329 256 3.9 5.7 4.5
Manufacturing................................. 194 243 188 1.6 2.0 1.6
Durable goods................................ 116 147 130 1.6 2.0 1.7
Nondurable goods............................. 77 96 58 1.7 2.1 1.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 1,009 1,073 1,037 3.9 4.2 4.0
Wholesale trade.............................. 94 138 87 1.7 2.4 1.5
Retail trade................................. 737 759 734 4.9 5.1 4.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 178 176 215 3.6 3.5 4.3
Information................................... 65 63 71 2.5 2.4 2.7
Financial activities.......................... 147 211 167 1.9 2.7 2.2
Finance and insurance........................ 99 145 115 1.7 2.5 2.0
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 48 67 52 2.5 3.4 2.7
Professional and business services............ 786 932 833 4.4 5.1 4.6
Education and health services................. 397 540 390 2.0 2.6 1.9
Educational services......................... 51 72 35 1.5 2.1 1.0
Health care and social assistance............ 346 468 355 2.1 2.7 2.1
Leisure and hospitality....................... 653 716 569 5.0 5.2 4.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 128 92 86 7.3 4.9 4.8
Accommodation and food services.............. 525 624 483 4.6 5.3 4.1
Other services................................ 146 217 147 2.7 4.0 2.7
Government..................................... 204 235 221 .9 1.1 1.0
Federal....................................... 28 27 27 1.0 1.0 1.0
State and local............................... 177 208 193 .9 1.1 1.0
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 611 672 636 2.4 2.6 2.5
South......................................... 1,500 1,847 1,472 3.1 3.8 3.0
Midwest....................................... 856 1,005 865 2.8 3.3 2.8
West.......................................... 877 1,064 931 3.0 3.6 3.1
1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 3,666 4,256 3,718 2.8 3.2 2.8
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 3,474 4,006 3,518 3.1 3.6 3.1
Mining and logging............................ 20 36 25 2.4 4.3 3.0
Construction.................................. 312 318 385 5.5 5.5 6.8
Manufacturing................................. 209 248 206 1.8 2.1 1.7
Durable goods................................ 111 154 126 1.5 2.1 1.7
Nondurable goods............................. 98 94 80 2.2 2.1 1.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 679 833 673 2.7 3.3 2.6
Wholesale trade.............................. 99 135 91 1.8 2.4 1.6
Retail trade................................. 461 546 436 3.1 3.7 2.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 119 153 147 2.4 3.0 2.9
Information................................... 57 62 46 2.2 2.4 1.7
Financial activities.......................... 135 203 152 1.8 2.6 2.0
Finance and insurance........................ 82 124 92 1.4 2.1 1.6
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 53 80 59 2.8 4.0 3.0
Professional and business services............ 781 799 826 4.4 4.4 4.5
Education and health services................. 379 441 377 1.9 2.1 1.8
Educational services......................... 39 58 37 1.1 1.7 1.1
Health care and social assistance............ 339 382 340 2.0 2.2 2.0
Leisure and hospitality....................... 735 857 655 5.6 6.3 4.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 183 151 118 10.4 8.0 6.5
Accommodation and food services.............. 552 706 537 4.8 6.0 4.6
Other services................................ 167 209 172 3.1 3.9 3.2
Government..................................... 193 250 201 .9 1.1 .9
Federal....................................... 29 38 30 1.0 1.3 1.1
State and local............................... 163 212 171 .8 1.1 .9
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 626 672 625 2.5 2.6 2.4
South......................................... 1,392 1,708 1,360 2.9 3.5 2.8
Midwest....................................... 837 866 860 2.8 2.8 2.8
West.......................................... 811 1,009 873 2.8 3.4 2.9
1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 1,616 2,176 1,748 1.2 1.6 1.3
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 1,537 2,058 1,650 1.4 1.8 1.5
Mining and logging............................ 10 24 13 1.2 2.9 1.5
Construction.................................. 78 102 72 1.4 1.8 1.3
Manufacturing................................. 93 108 79 .8 .9 .7
Durable goods................................ 44 62 43 .6 .8 .6
Nondurable goods............................. 49 46 36 1.1 1.0 .8
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 343 466 382 1.3 1.8 1.5
Wholesale trade.............................. 40 71 27 .7 1.3 .5
Retail trade................................. 247 316 276 1.6 2.1 1.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 57 79 79 1.1 1.6 1.6
Information................................... 34 37 27 1.3 1.4 1.0
Financial activities.......................... 68 99 78 .9 1.3 1.0
Finance and insurance........................ 42 62 47 .7 1.1 .8
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 26 38 31 1.3 1.9 1.6
Professional and business services............ 336 386 371 1.9 2.1 2.0
Education and health services................. 200 266 223 1.0 1.3 1.1
Educational services......................... 15 28 21 .4 .8 .6
Health care and social assistance............ 185 238 203 1.1 1.4 1.2
Leisure and hospitality....................... 298 482 337 2.3 3.5 2.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 24 39 25 1.4 2.1 1.4
Accommodation and food services.............. 274 443 312 2.4 3.8 2.7
Other services................................ 77 86 69 1.5 1.6 1.3
Government..................................... 79 118 99 .4 .5 .4
Federal....................................... 7 12 8 .3 .4 .3
State and local............................... 72 106 91 .4 .5 .5
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 223 303 239 .9 1.2 .9
South......................................... 689 920 727 1.4 1.9 1.5
Midwest....................................... 364 470 407 1.2 1.5 1.3
West.......................................... 340 483 376 1.2 1.6 1.3
1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 1,807 1,774 1,701 1.4 1.3 1.3
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 1,736 1,688 1,640 1.6 1.5 1.5
Mining and logging............................ 9 10 11 1.1 1.2 1.3
Construction.................................. 227 213 306 4.0 3.7 5.4
Manufacturing................................. 106 123 111 .9 1.0 .9
Durable goods................................ 60 83 73 .8 1.1 1.0
Nondurable goods............................. 45 40 38 1.0 .9 .9
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 273 291 231 1.1 1.1 .9
Wholesale trade.............................. 47 51 53 .8 .9 .9
Retail trade................................. 176 185 126 1.2 1.2 .8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 50 55 53 1.0 1.1 1.0
Information................................... 22 17 14 .8 .7 .5
Financial activities.......................... 56 73 50 .7 .9 .6
Finance and insurance........................ 32 35 29 .5 .6 .5
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 25 38 21 1.3 1.9 1.1
Professional and business services............ 403 352 408 2.3 1.9 2.2
Education and health services................. 149 140 116 .7 .7 .6
Educational services......................... 20 24 14 .6 .7 .4
Health care and social assistance............ 129 116 102 .8 .7 .6
Leisure and hospitality....................... 407 350 299 3.1 2.6 2.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 156 107 90 8.9 5.7 5.0
Accommodation and food services.............. 251 243 209 2.2 2.1 1.8
Other services................................ 84 120 93 1.6 2.2 1.7
Government..................................... 71 86 61 .3 .4 .3
Federal....................................... 11 16 11 .4 .6 .4
State and local............................... 60 70 50 .3 .4 .3
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 353 307 347 1.4 1.2 1.3
South......................................... 615 679 539 1.3 1.4 1.1
Midwest....................................... 427 330 380 1.4 1.1 1.2
West.......................................... 412 458 435 1.4 1.6 1.5
1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a
percent of total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. Oct. Nov.
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 243 305 269 0.2 0.2 0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 200 259 228 .2 .2 .2
Mining and logging............................ 1 2 2 .1 .2 .2
Construction.................................. 8 2 7 .1 (4) .1
Manufacturing................................. 10 17 16 .1 .1 .1
Durable goods................................ 7 10 9 .1 .1 .1
Nondurable goods............................. 4 7 6 .1 .2 .1
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 62 76 60 .2 .3 .2
Wholesale trade.............................. 11 12 10 .2 .2 .2
Retail trade................................. 38 46 34 .3 .3 .2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 13 18 15 .3 .4 .3
Information................................... 1 8 5 (4) .3 .2
Financial activities.......................... 11 31 24 .1 .4 .3
Finance and insurance........................ 8 27 16 .1 .5 .3
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 3 4 8 .1 .2 .4
Professional and business services............ 41 61 48 .2 .3 .3
Education and health services................. 29 35 38 .1 .2 .2
Educational services......................... 4 6 3 .1 .2 .1
Health care and social assistance............ 25 29 35 .1 .2 .2
Leisure and hospitality....................... 30 25 19 .2 .2 .1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 2 4 2 .1 .2 .1
Accommodation and food services.............. 28 21 17 .2 .2 .1
Other services................................ 6 3 10 .1 (4) .2
Government..................................... 43 46 41 .2 .2 .2
Federal....................................... 11 10 11 .4 .4 .4
State and local............................... 32 36 30 .2 .2 .2
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 50 61 38 .2 .2 .1
South......................................... 90 110 95 .2 .2 .2
Midwest....................................... 45 66 74 .1 .2 .2
West.......................................... 58 68 62 .2 .2 .2
1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
4 Data round to zero.
p Preliminary
United States Department of Labor
