For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 10, 2015	USDL-15-0385

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2015

There were 5.0 million job openings on the last business day of January, little changed from 4.9 million 
in December, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires decreased to 5.0 million in 
January and separations were little changed at 4.8 million. Within separations, the quits rate was little 
changed at 2.0 percent and the layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged at 1.2 percent. This release 
includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector 
by industry and by four geographic regions. The release also includes 2014 annual estimates for hires 
and separations. The annual number of hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations 
increased in 2014.

Job Openings

There were 5.0 million job openings on the last business day of January, little changed from December. 
This was the highest level of job openings since January 2001. The job openings rate for January was 
3.4 percent. The number of job openings was little changed for total private and government in January. 
Job openings increased for accommodation and food services and in the West region. (See table 1.)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                 Revisions to the JOLTS Data                                          |
|Effective with this release, revisions to data from January 2010 forward incorporate annual updates to|
|the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the Job Openings and Labor Turnover        |
|Survey seasonal adjustment factors. See page 4 for more information on the revisions.                 |
|______________________________________________________________________________________________________|

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in January 
for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Job openings increased over the year for many 
industries including professional and business services, health care and social assistance, and 
accommodation and food services. Job openings decreased over the year in mining and logging. The 
number of openings increased over the year in all four regions. (See table 7.)

Hires

There were 5.0 million hires in January, down from December. The hires rate in January was 3.5 
percent. The number of hires decreased for total private in January and was little changed in 
government. Hires decreased over the month in construction and in the Northeast region. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in January, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) increased for total 
nonfarm and total private, and was little changed for government. Hires increased over the year in retail 
trade and in finance and insurance. Hires decreased over the year in educational services. In the regions, 
hires increased over the year in the Midwest. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.8 million total separations in January, little changed from December. The separations rate 
was 3.4 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and government, 
and in all four regions. (See table 3.)

There were 2.8 million quits in January, little changed from December. The quits rate in January was 
2.0 percent. The number of quits was little changed for total private and unchanged for government over 
the month. Quits increased in January in professional and business services and in health care and social 
assistance. The number of quits increased in the Midwest region. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in January for total 
nonfarm and total private and was little changed for government. Over the year, quits increased for 
several industries, including the professional and business services and the accommodation and food 
services industries. The number of quits increased over the year in all four regions. (See table 10.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in January, little changed from December. The layoffs 
and discharges rate was 1.2 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the 
month for total private and government, and in all four regions. (See table 5.) Seasonally adjusted 
estimates of layoffs and discharges are not available for individual industries.

The number of layoffs and discharges (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months 
ending in January for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and 
discharges increased in mining and logging, construction, and federal government. The number 
decreased over the year in finance and insurance; educational services; and health care and social 
assistance. Layoffs and discharges was little changed in all four regions. (See table 11.)

In January, there were 354,000 other separations for total nonfarm, a decrease from December. Over 
the month, the number of other separations decreased for total private to 287,000 and was little changed 
for government at 67,000. (See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not 
available for individual industries or regions.

Over the 12 months ending in January, the number of other separations (not seasonally adjusted) was 
little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Other separations increased over the year 
in retail trade and educational services. The number decreased in wholesale trade, information, and 
federal government. Other separations increased in the West region but decreased in the Midwest region. 
(See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in January 2015, hires totaled 59.1 
million and separations totaled 56.0 million, yielding a net employment gain of 3.1 million. These 
figures include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

Annual Levels and Rates

This release contains the 2014 annual levels and rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations. Note that annual figures for job openings are not calculated because 
job openings are measured on a stock, or point-in-time, basis rather than on a flow basis over a specified 
time period. The annual figures and additional tables are published with the release of January data each 
year. (See the Technical Note for additional information on these measures.)

Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons across years. In 2014, annual levels 
for hires, quits, and other separations rose for the fourth consecutive year. The layoffs and discharges 
annual level rose in 2014 after declining in 2013.

In 2014, annual hires increased to 58.7 million (42.2 percent of employment) and annual total 
separations rose to 55.5 million (39.9 percent of employment). Annual quits increased to 30.5 million 
(22.0 percent of employment) in 2014. Annual layoffs and discharges increased in 2014 to 20.4 million 
(14.7 percent of employment). Annual other separations rose in 2014 to 4.6 million (3.3 percent of 
employment). (See tables 13 through 22.)
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for February 2015 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, April 7, 2015 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).

Table A.  Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               |    Job openings    |       Hires        | Total separations
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
          Category             | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan.
                               | 2014 | 2014 | 2015p| 2014 | 2014 | 2015p| 2014 | 2014 | 2015p
-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
     LEVELS BY INDUSTRY        |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
       (in thousands)          |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|3,906 |4,877 |4,998 |4,600 |5,239 |4,996 |4,473 |4,901 |4,821 
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|3,518 |4,396 |4,523 |4,317 |4,920 |4,686 |4,172 |4,593 |4,495
  Construction.................|  131 |  140 |  120 |  295 |  438 |  364 |  237 |  393 |  332
  Manufacturing................|  263 |  310 |  330 |  248 |  276 |  262 |  236 |  253 |  252
   Durable goods...............|  166 |  195 |  202 |  143 |  164 |  157 |  137 |  146 |  145
   Nondurable goods............|   96 |  115 |  127 |  106 |  112 |  105 |  100 |  108 |  107
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  670 |  831 |  876 |  947 |1,118 |1,087 |  973 |1,079 |1,074
   Retail trade................|  381 |  516 |  516 |  627 |  787 |  768 |  669 |  767 |  738
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  644 |  967 |  927 |  961 |1,040 |1,022 |  923 |  942 |  984
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  721 |  923 |  889 |  571 |  602 |  559 |  573 |  541 |  529
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  646 |  837 |  801 |  482 |  528 |  497 |  487 |  470 |  464
  Leisure and hospitality......|  599 |  651 |  755 |  819 |  930 |  881 |  788 |  881 |  845
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|   88 |   65 |   66 |  132 |  137 |  147 |  126 |  131 |  148
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  512 |  586 |  689 |  687 |  793 |  734 |  661 |  750 |  698
 Government(4).................|  388 |  482 |  475 |  283 |  319 |  310 |  301 |  308 |  327
  State and local..............|  339 |  409 |  422 |  258 |  289 |  276 |  256 |  280 |  276
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
     RATES BY INDUSTRY         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
         (percent)             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|  2.8 |  3.4 |  3.4 |  3.3 |  3.7 |  3.5 |  3.2 |  3.5 |  3.4
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|  2.9 |  3.6 |  3.7 |  3.7 |  4.1 |  3.9 |  3.6 |  3.9 |  3.8
  Construction.................|  2.1 |  2.2 |  1.9 |  4.9 |  7.0 |  5.8 |  3.9 |  6.3 |  5.3
  Manufacturing................|  2.1 |  2.5 |  2.6 |  2.1 |  2.2 |  2.1 |  2.0 |  2.1 |  2.0
   Durable goods...............|  2.1 |  2.4 |  2.5 |  1.9 |  2.1 |  2.0 |  1.8 |  1.9 |  1.9
   Nondurable goods............|  2.1 |  2.5 |  2.7 |  2.3 |  2.5 |  2.3 |  2.2 |  2.4 |  2.4
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  2.5 |  3.0 |  3.2 |  3.6 |  4.2 |  4.1 |  3.7 |  4.0 |  4.0
   Retail trade................|  2.4 |  3.2 |  3.2 |  4.1 |  5.1 |  4.9 |  4.4 |  4.9 |  4.7
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  3.3 |  4.7 |  4.5 |  5.1 |  5.3 |  5.2 |  4.9 |  4.8 |  5.0
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  3.3 |  4.1 |  3.9 |  2.7 |  2.8 |  2.6 |  2.7 |  2.5 |  2.4
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  3.5 |  4.4 |  4.2 |  2.7 |  2.9 |  2.7 |  2.7 |  2.6 |  2.5
  Leisure and hospitality......|  4.0 |  4.2 |  4.8 |  5.7 |  6.2 |  5.9 |  5.4 |  5.9 |  5.6
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|  4.0 |  3.0 |  3.0 |  6.4 |  6.4 |  6.9 |  6.1 |  6.1 |  6.9
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  4.0 |  4.4 |  5.1 |  5.5 |  6.2 |  5.7 |  5.3 |  5.9 |  5.4
 Government(4).................|  1.7 |  2.2 |  2.1 |  1.3 |  1.5 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.5
  State and local..............|  1.7 |  2.1 |  2.2 |  1.4 |  1.5 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.5 |  1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not
shown separately.
  2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown
separately.
  3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  p Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors.


                    Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data

In accordance with annual practice, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data have 
been revised to reflect annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics (CES), or establishment 
survey, employment estimates. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-adjusted to the 
CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. This annual 
benchmark process resulted in revisions to all not seasonally adjusted JOLTS data series from April 
2013 forward, the time period since the last benchmark was established. Additionally, the seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series have been recalculated from January 2010 forward to reflect updated 
seasonal adjustment factors. Further, the methodology incorporated in 2009 to more closely align the 
hires and separations estimates with the monthly payroll employment change created a dependency of 
the not seasonally adjusted estimates on the seasonal adjustment process. Therefore, the not seasonally 
adjusted data series have been recalculated from January 2010 forward to reflect the updated seasonal 
adjustment factors’ effect on the alignment process.

Tables B through G below present revised total nonfarm data for January through December 2014. The 
December 2014 revisions also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the 
final December estimates. Tables presenting revisions to total nonfarm data for January 2010 through 
December 2013 will be available later today on the JOLTS website. The website also contains all 
revised seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data. The revision tables and data can be 
accessed through the JOLTS homepage at //www.bls.gov/jlt.


Table B. Revisions in job openings data January 2014 - December 2014,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2014   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    3,874   |  3,906  |     32     |     2.7    |  2.8    |    0.1
February..|    4,125   |  4,160  |     35     |     2.9    |  2.9    |     .0
March.....|    4,166   |  4,210  |     44     |     2.9    |  3.0    |     .1
April.....|    4,464   |  4,417  |    -47     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
May.......|    4,577   |  4,608  |     31     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
June......|    4,675   |  4,710  |     35     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
July......|    4,605   |  4,726  |    121     |     3.2    |  3.3    |     .1
August....|    4,853   |  4,925  |     72     |     3.4    |  3.4    |     .0
September.|    4,685   |  4,678  |     -7     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
October...|    4,830   |  4,849  |     19     |     3.3    |  3.4    |     .1
November..|    4,847   |  4,886  |     39     |     3.3    |  3.4    |     .1
December..|    5,028   |  4,877  |   -151     |     3.5    |  3.4    |    -.1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table C. Revisions in hires data January 2014 - December 2014,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2014   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    4,516   |  4,600  |     84     |     3.3    |  3.3    |    0.0
February..|    4,699   |  4,698  |     -1     |     3.4    |  3.4    |     .0
March.....|    4,706   |  4,744  |     38     |     3.4    |  3.4    |     .0
April.....|    4,770   |  4,790  |     20     |     3.5    |  3.5    |     .0
May.......|    4,738   |  4,805  |     67     |     3.4    |  3.5    |     .1
June......|    4,791   |  4,820  |     29     |     3.5    |  3.5    |     .0
July......|    4,934   |  5,003  |     69     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
August....|    4,742   |  4,792  |     50     |     3.4    |  3.4    |     .0
September.|    5,075   |  5,061  |    -14     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
October...|    5,101   |  5,106  |      5     |     3.7    |  3.7    |     .0
November..|    5,054   |  5,026  |    -28     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
December..|    5,148   |  5,239  |     91     |     3.7    |  3.7    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table D. Revisions in total separations data January 2014 - December 2014,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2014   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    4,419   |  4,473  |     54     |     3.2    |  3.2    |    0.0
February..|    4,459   |  4,486  |     27     |     3.2    |  3.3    |     .1
March.....|    4,491   |  4,519  |     28     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
April.....|    4,550   |  4,522  |    -28     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
May.......|    4,530   |  4,543  |     13     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
June......|    4,520   |  4,523  |      3     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
July......|    4,629   |  4,711  |     82     |     3.3    |  3.4    |     .1
August....|    4,531   |  4,569  |     38     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
September.|    4,809   |  4,829  |     20     |     3.4    |  3.5    |     .1
October...|    4,863   |  4,906  |     43     |     3.5    |  3.5    |     .0
November..|    4,700   |  4,628  |    -72     |     3.4    |  3.3    |    -.1
December..|    4,886   |  4,901  |     15     |     3.5    |  3.5    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table E. Revisions in quits data January 2014 - December 2014,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2014   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    2,368   |  2,384  |     16     |     1.7    |  1.7    |    0.0
February..|    2,475   |  2,438  |    -37     |     1.8    |  1.8    |     .0
March.....|    2,461   |  2,430  |    -31     |     1.8    |  1.8    |     .0
April.....|    2,467   |  2,413  |    -54     |     1.8    |  1.7    |    -.1
May.......|    2,487   |  2,494  |      7     |     1.8    |  1.8    |     .0
June......|    2,484   |  2,469  |    -15     |     1.8    |  1.8    |     .0
July......|    2,547   |  2,542  |     -5     |     1.8    |  1.8    |     .0
August....|    2,510   |  2,516  |      6     |     1.8    |  1.8    |     .0
September.|    2,735   |  2,733  |     -2     |     2.0    |  2.0    |     .0
October...|    2,712   |  2,746  |     34     |     1.9    |  2.0    |     .1
November..|    2,661   |  2,662  |      1     |     1.9    |  1.9    |     .0
December..|    2,717   |  2,715  |     -2     |     1.9    |  1.9    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table F. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data January 2014 - December 2014,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2014   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    1,703   |  1,752  |     49     |     1.2    |  1.3    |    0.1
February..|    1,596   |  1,671  |     75     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
March.....|    1,638   |  1,684  |     46     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
April.....|    1,701   |  1,703  |      2     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
May.......|    1,656   |  1,659  |      3     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
June......|    1,657   |  1,700  |     43     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
July......|    1,726   |  1,827  |    101     |     1.2    |  1.3    |     .1
August....|    1,619   |  1,663  |     44     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
September.|    1,653   |  1,694  |     41     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
October...|    1,757   |  1,745  |    -12     |     1.3    |  1.2    |    -.1
November..|    1,655   |  1,595  |    -60     |     1.2    |  1.1    |    -.1
December..|    1,726   |  1,725  |     -1     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table G. Revisions in other separations data January 2014 - December 2014,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2014   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|      348   |    337  |    -11     |     0.3    |  0.2    |   -0.1
February..|      388   |    377  |    -11     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
March.....|      392   |    405  |     13     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
April.....|      382   |    406  |     24     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
May.......|      387   |    390  |      3     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
June......|      378   |    354  |    -24     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
July......|      356   |    343  |    -13     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
August....|      402   |    390  |    -12     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
September.|      420   |    402  |    -18     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
October...|      394   |    414  |     20     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
November..|      384   |    371  |    -13     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
December..|      443   |    461  |     18     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________

Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	3,906	4,678	4,849	4,886	4,877	4,998	2.8	3.2	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	3,518	4,195	4,440	4,424	4,396	4,523	2.9	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.7
Construction	131	103	139	130	140	120	2.1	1.6	2.2	2.0	2.2	1.9
Manufacturing	263	292	283	332	310	330	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.6	2.5	2.6
Durable goods	166	178	180	206	195	202	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.6	2.4	2.5
Nondurable goods	96	114	103	126	115	127	2.1	2.5	2.2	2.7	2.5	2.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	670	834	873	850	831	876	2.5	3.1	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.2
Retail trade	381	511	500	497	516	516	2.4	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.2
Professional and business services	644	861	964	1,009	967	927	3.3	4.3	4.8	5.0	4.7	4.5
Education and health services(6)	721	872	854	825	923	889	3.3	3.9	3.8	3.7	4.1	3.9
Health care and social assistance	646	771	769	752	837	801	3.5	4.1	4.1	4.0	4.4	4.2
Leisure and hospitality	599	662	698	616	651	755	4.0	4.3	4.5	4.0	4.2	4.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	88	52	54	44	65	66	4.0	2.4	2.5	2.0	3.0	3.0
Accommodation and food services	512	610	644	571	586	689	4.0	4.6	4.8	4.3	4.4	5.1
Government(7)	388	483	409	462	482	475	1.7	2.2	1.8	2.1	2.2	2.1
State and local	339	419	355	400	409	422	1.7	2.1	1.8	2.0	2.1	2.2
REGION(8)
Northeast	623	787	757	791	817	841	2.4	2.9	2.8	2.9	3.0	3.1
South	1,420	1,823	1,876	1,889	1,902	1,882	2.8	3.5	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6
Midwest	894	1,027	1,065	1,109	1,086	1,090	2.8	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.3
West	969	1,041	1,150	1,097	1,072	1,185	3.0	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.6
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	4,600	5,061	5,106	5,026	5,239	4,996	3.3	3.6	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.5
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	4,317	4,719	4,802	4,714	4,920	4,686	3.7	4.0	4.1	4.0	4.1	3.9
Construction	295	291	322	326	438	364	4.9	4.7	5.2	5.2	7.0	5.8
Manufacturing	248	279	286	269	276	262	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.1
Durable goods	143	162	174	158	164	157	1.9	2.1	2.2	2.0	2.1	2.0
Nondurable goods	106	116	112	111	112	105	2.3	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	947	1,018	1,129	1,123	1,118	1,087	3.6	3.8	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.1
Retail trade	627	690	779	774	787	768	4.1	4.5	5.0	5.0	5.1	4.9
Professional and business services	961	1,116	1,085	968	1,040	1,022	5.1	5.8	5.6	5.0	5.3	5.2
Education and health services(6)	571	635	601	578	602	559	2.7	2.9	2.8	2.7	2.8	2.6
Health care and social assistance	482	540	518	512	528	497	2.7	3.0	2.9	2.8	2.9	2.7
Leisure and hospitality	819	886	903	908	930	881	5.7	6.0	6.1	6.1	6.2	5.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	132	139	149	135	137	147	6.4	6.6	7.0	6.3	6.4	6.9
Accommodation and food services	687	747	754	774	793	734	5.5	5.9	5.9	6.1	6.2	5.7
Government(7)	283	342	303	312	319	310	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.4
State and local	258	311	275	268	289	276	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.4
REGION(8)
Northeast	701	813	765	761	819	691	2.7	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.1	2.6
South	1,860	1,961	2,020	1,987	2,072	2,006	3.7	3.9	4.0	3.9	4.1	3.9
Midwest	955	1,129	1,150	1,217	1,170	1,199	3.1	3.6	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.8
West	1,084	1,158	1,170	1,061	1,177	1,100	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.4	3.7	3.5
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	4,473	4,829	4,906	4,628	4,901	4,821	3.2	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.5	3.4
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	4,172	4,519	4,586	4,338	4,593	4,495	3.6	3.8	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.8
Construction	237	280	303	298	393	332	3.9	4.5	4.9	4.8	6.3	5.3
Manufacturing	236	262	258	224	253	252	2.0	2.1	2.1	1.8	2.1	2.0
Durable goods	137	145	148	126	146	145	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.6	1.9	1.9
Nondurable goods	100	117	110	98	108	107	2.2	2.6	2.5	2.2	2.4	2.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	973	994	1,060	1,043	1,079	1,074	3.7	3.8	4.0	3.9	4.0	4.0
Retail trade	669	688	735	729	767	738	4.4	4.5	4.8	4.7	4.9	4.7
Professional and business services	923	1,047	1,064	906	942	984	4.9	5.4	5.5	4.7	4.8	5.0
Education and health services(6)	573	577	587	522	541	529	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.4	2.5	2.4
Health care and social assistance	487	497	502	454	470	464	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.5	2.6	2.5
Leisure and hospitality	788	877	841	838	881	845	5.4	5.9	5.7	5.6	5.9	5.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	126	142	133	131	131	148	6.1	6.7	6.3	6.1	6.1	6.9
Accommodation and food services	661	735	708	707	750	698	5.3	5.8	5.6	5.5	5.9	5.4
Government(7)	301	310	320	289	308	327	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.5
State and local	256	278	285	254	280	276	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.5	1.4
REGION(8)
Northeast	755	745	786	661	844	786	2.9	2.9	3.0	2.5	3.2	3.0
South	1,735	1,968	1,957	1,875	1,989	1,944	3.5	3.9	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.8
Midwest	969	1,050	1,079	1,062	976	1,011	3.1	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.1	3.2
West	1,015	1,066	1,083	1,030	1,092	1,081	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	2,384	2,733	2,746	2,662	2,715	2,799	1.7	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.9	2.0
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	2,257	2,570	2,591	2,528	2,572	2,655	1.9	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.2
Construction	92	120	105	94	144	135	1.5	1.9	1.7	1.5	2.3	2.1
Manufacturing	112	130	126	113	135	138	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.1
Durable goods	59	73	77	57	77	84	0.8	0.9	1.0	0.7	1.0	1.1
Nondurable goods	54	57	49	56	58	54	1.2	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	562	575	615	637	650	617	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.3
Retail trade	428	407	449	462	459	448	2.8	2.6	2.9	3.0	3.0	2.9
Professional and business services	476	540	537	433	444	555	2.5	2.8	2.8	2.2	2.3	2.8
Education and health services(6)	307	344	360	346	336	359	1.4	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.6
Health care and social assistance	271	308	311	308	297	326	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.8
Leisure and hospitality	482	566	563	611	588	572	3.3	3.8	3.8	4.1	3.9	3.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	49	52	54	54	49	60	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.8
Accommodation and food services	434	514	510	557	540	512	3.5	4.0	4.0	4.4	4.2	4.0
Government(7)	128	163	155	134	144	144	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7
State and local	117	152	143	122	133	132	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7
REGION(8)
Northeast	332	367	374	368	422	384	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.5
South	1,004	1,127	1,180	1,120	1,169	1,171	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.3
Midwest	511	635	566	589	528	608	1.7	2.0	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.9
West	537	604	627	585	596	635	1.7	1.9	2.0	1.8	1.9	2.0
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	1,752	1,694	1,745	1,595	1,725	1,669	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.2
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	1,648	1,612	1,656	1,494	1,623	1,552	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.3
Construction	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Manufacturing	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Durable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nondurable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Retail trade	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Professional and business services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Education and health services(6)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Health care and social assistance	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Leisure and hospitality	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Accommodation and food services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Government(7)	104	83	89	101	102	116	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5
State and local	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
REGION(8)
Northeast	358	299	335	232	355	336	1.4	1.1	1.3	0.9	1.4	1.3
South	610	661	605	613	617	629	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2
Midwest	375	354	438	396	358	357	1.2	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.1
West	410	380	367	354	394	347	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.1
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
- Data not available. NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)(2)						Rates(3)
	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Sept. 2014	Oct. 2014	Nov. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	337	402	414	371	461	354	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)	268	338	339	316	399	287	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2
Construction	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Manufacturing	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Durable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nondurable goods	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Retail trade	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Professional and business services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Education and health services(6)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Health care and social assistance	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Leisure and hospitality	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Accommodation and food services	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Government(7)	69	64	75	54	62	67	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3
State and local	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
REGION(8)
Northeast	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
South	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Midwest	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
West	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. (3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately. (5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately. (6) Includes educational services, not shown separately. (7) Includes federal government, not shown separately. (8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
- Data not available. NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	3,966	4,373	5,053	2.8	3.0	3.5
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,613	3,913	4,621	3.1	3.2	3.8
Mining and logging	31	19	13	3.5	2.1	1.5
Construction	128	97	117	2.2	1.5	1.9
Manufacturing	256	275	322	2.1	2.2	2.6
Durable goods	161	176	198	2.1	2.2	2.5
Nondurable goods	94	99	124	2.1	2.1	2.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities	677	707	885	2.5	2.5	3.2
Wholesale trade	149	152	187	2.5	2.5	3.1
Retail trade	361	411	493	2.3	2.5	3.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	167	144	205	3.2	2.6	3.8
Information	107	96	120	3.8	3.3	4.2
Financial activities	248	244	359	3.1	2.9	4.3
Finance and insurance	203	191	277	3.3	3.1	4.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	45	53	82	2.2	2.5	3.9
Professional and business services	712	927	990	3.7	4.5	4.9
Education and health services	742	871	916	3.4	3.8	4.1
Educational services	73	78	86	2.2	2.2	2.5
Health care and social assistance	669	793	830	3.6	4.1	4.3
Leisure and hospitality	556	527	712	3.9	3.5	4.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	89	48	70	4.6	2.4	3.5
Accommodation and food services	467	478	643	3.8	3.7	4.9
Other services	155	149	187	2.8	2.6	3.3
Government	353	460	432	1.6	2.0	1.9
Federal	43	70	45	1.5	2.5	1.6
State and local	310	390	387	1.6	2.0	2.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	626	700	840	2.4	2.6	3.1
South	1,500	1,746	1,974	3.0	3.3	3.8
Midwest	852	1,000	1,039	2.7	3.0	3.2
West	987	926	1,200	3.1	2.8	3.7
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	4,398	3,750	4,743	3.2	2.7	3.4
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,141	3,549	4,464	3.6	3.0	3.8
Mining and logging	35	21	36	4.0	2.3	4.0
Construction	260	252	320	4.6	4.1	5.4
Manufacturing	257	181	272	2.1	1.5	2.2
Durable goods	154	108	168	2.0	1.4	2.2
Nondurable goods	104	73	103	2.3	1.6	2.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	794	884	901	3.1	3.2	3.4
Wholesale trade	134	117	151	2.3	2.0	2.6
Retail trade	486	583	589	3.2	3.6	3.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	174	183	161	3.4	3.4	3.1
Information	89	62	92	3.3	2.2	3.4
Financial activities	171	170	212	2.2	2.1	2.6
Finance and insurance	111	130	147	1.9	2.2	2.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	60	40	65	3.0	1.9	3.2
Professional and business services	1,050	783	1,113	5.7	4.0	5.8
Education and health services	594	433	583	2.8	2.0	2.7
Educational services	90	38	63	2.7	1.1	1.9
Health care and social assistance	504	395	520	2.8	2.2	2.8
Leisure and hospitality	695	641	746	5.0	4.4	5.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	100	94	111	5.4	4.8	5.8
Accommodation and food services	595	547	635	5.0	4.3	5.1
Other services	197	122	190	3.6	2.2	3.4
Government	257	201	279	1.2	0.9	1.3
Federal	22	25	30	0.8	0.9	1.1
State and local	235	176	249	1.2	0.9	1.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	643	588	631	2.5	2.2	2.4
South	1,880	1,486	2,018	3.8	2.9	4.0
Midwest	884	825	1,100	2.9	2.6	3.5
West	991	851	994	3.2	2.7	3.2
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	4,998	4,628	5,358	3.7	3.3	3.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,712	4,357	5,047	4.1	3.7	4.3
Mining and logging	31	33	44	3.7	3.6	5.0
Construction	266	438	372	4.7	7.1	6.3
Manufacturing	253	216	262	2.1	1.8	2.1
Durable goods	150	124	151	2.0	1.6	1.9
Nondurable goods	102	92	111	2.3	2.0	2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,328	1,128	1,452	5.1	4.1	5.5
Wholesale trade	130	122	154	2.3	2.1	2.6
Retail trade	903	823	998	6.0	5.1	6.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	295	184	299	5.8	3.4	5.7
Information	93	67	91	3.5	2.4	3.3
Financial activities	202	201	220	2.6	2.5	2.7
Finance and insurance	131	161	142	2.2	2.7	2.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	71	41	78	3.6	2.0	3.9
Professional and business services	1,006	926	1,069	5.5	4.7	5.6
Education and health services	577	462	540	2.7	2.1	2.5
Educational services	75	52	59	2.3	1.5	1.8
Health care and social assistance	502	409	480	2.8	2.2	2.6
Leisure and hospitality	773	743	815	5.6	5.1	5.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	104	100	121	5.6	5.1	6.4
Accommodation and food services	669	644	694	5.6	5.1	5.6
Other services	184	142	182	3.4	2.5	3.3
Government	286	271	311	1.3	1.2	1.4
Federal	60	27	66	2.2	1.0	2.4
State and local	226	243	245	1.2	1.2	1.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	854	834	898	3.4	3.2	3.5
South	1,929	1,802	2,160	3.9	3.5	4.3
Midwest	1,102	972	1,123	3.6	3.1	3.6
West	1,113	1,020	1,176	3.6	3.2	3.8
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	2,358	2,211	2,772	1.7	1.6	2.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,244	2,100	2,643	2.0	1.8	2.3
Mining and logging	11	10	13	1.3	1.1	1.5
Construction	82	99	122	1.5	1.6	2.1
Manufacturing	99	96	122	0.8	0.8	1.0
Durable goods	53	53	75	0.7	0.7	1.0
Nondurable goods	46	43	48	1.0	0.9	1.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	586	566	643	2.3	2.1	2.4
Wholesale trade	60	69	87	1.0	1.2	1.5
Retail trade	452	416	473	3.0	2.6	3.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	75	81	83	1.5	1.5	1.6
Information	48	31	46	1.8	1.1	1.7
Financial activities	70	87	122	0.9	1.1	1.5
Finance and insurance	35	64	88	0.6	1.1	1.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	35	23	34	1.8	1.1	1.7
Professional and business services	474	385	561	2.6	2.0	2.9
Education and health services	312	272	369	1.5	1.2	1.7
Educational services	33	25	30	1.0	0.7	0.9
Health care and social assistance	280	247	339	1.6	1.3	1.9
Leisure and hospitality	456	472	540	3.3	3.2	3.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	39	35	49	2.1	1.8	2.6
Accommodation and food services	417	437	491	3.5	3.5	4.0
Other services	105	81	105	1.9	1.4	1.9
Government	114	111	129	0.5	0.5	0.6
Federal	12	10	13	0.4	0.3	0.5
State and local	102	101	116	0.5	0.5	0.6
REGION(3)
Northeast	345	337	398	1.4	1.3	1.5
South	1,008	953	1,178	2.1	1.9	2.3
Midwest	483	430	577	1.6	1.4	1.8
West	521	492	619	1.7	1.5	2.0
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	2,194	1,976	2,116	1.6	1.4	1.5
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,107	1,882	2,016	1.9	1.6	1.7
Mining and logging	14	20	26	1.6	2.2	2.9
Construction	175	323	246	3.1	5.2	4.2
Manufacturing	119	101	112	1.0	0.8	0.9
Durable goods	77	59	58	1.0	0.8	0.7
Nondurable goods	41	42	54	0.9	0.9	1.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	655	451	665	2.5	1.6	2.5
Wholesale trade	52	47	58	0.9	0.8	1.0
Retail trade	398	317	409	2.6	2.0	2.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	205	87	198	4.0	1.6	3.8
Information	31	28	35	1.1	1.0	1.3
Financial activities	97	60	70	1.2	0.7	0.9
Finance and insurance	68	48	36	1.2	0.8	0.6
Real estate and rental and leasing	29	12	34	1.4	0.6	1.7
Professional and business services	437	462	416	2.4	2.4	2.2
Education and health services	225	147	131	1.1	0.7	0.6
Educational services	39	23	23	1.2	0.6	0.7
Health care and social assistance	186	124	108	1.0	0.7	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	294	240	249	2.1	1.6	1.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	62	60	69	3.3	3.1	3.6
Accommodation and food services	232	180	179	1.9	1.4	1.4
Other services	62	50	67	1.1	0.9	1.2
Government	87	93	100	0.4	0.4	0.5
Federal	26	7	34	0.9	0.2	1.3
State and local	62	86	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	425	439	412	1.7	1.7	1.6
South	769	649	797	1.6	1.3	1.6
Midwest	490	459	473	1.6	1.4	1.5
West	510	429	434	1.7	1.3	1.4
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)	Jan. 2014	Dec. 2014	Jan. 2015(p)
Total	447	441	470	0.3	0.3	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private	362	374	387	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mining and logging	7	2	5	0.8	0.2	0.5
Construction	9	16	4	0.2	0.3	0.1
Manufacturing	35	19	28	0.3	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	20	12	18	0.3	0.1	0.2
Nondurable goods	15	7	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	87	111	144	0.3	0.4	0.5
Wholesale trade	18	5	9	0.3	0.1	0.1
Retail trade	53	90	117	0.4	0.6	0.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	15	16	19	0.3	0.3	0.4
Information	15	8	10	0.5	0.3	0.4
Financial activities	35	54	28	0.4	0.7	0.3
Finance and insurance	27	49	18	0.5	0.8	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	8	6	10	0.4	0.3	0.5
Professional and business services	95	79	91	0.5	0.4	0.5
Education and health services	40	43	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Educational services	3	4	7	0.1	0.1	0.2
Health care and social assistance	37	39	33	0.2	0.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	23	31	27	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	3	4	3	0.2	0.2	0.2
Accommodation and food services	20	26	24	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other services	17	11	11	0.3	0.2	0.2
Government	85	66	83	0.4	0.3	0.4
Federal	23	11	18	0.8	0.4	0.7
State and local	62	55	64	0.3	0.3	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	84	58	88	0.3	0.2	0.3
South	153	200	185	0.3	0.4	0.4
Midwest	128	83	73	0.4	0.3	0.2
West	81	99	124	0.3	0.3	0.4
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 13. Annual hires levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[in thousands]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	48,740	50,283	52,367	54,241	58,657
INDUSTRY
Total private	44,903	47,179	48,916	50,787	55,048
Mining and logging	282	339	379	346	407
Construction	4,022	4,193	3,969	3,844	3,799
Manufacturing	3,155	3,040	2,982	2,895	3,115
Durable goods	1,806	1,771	1,793	1,740	1,838
Nondurable goods	1,348	1,270	1,186	1,151	1,280
Trade, transportation, and utilities	9,734	10,001	10,480	11,153	12,776
Wholesale trade	1,405	1,508	1,558	1,422	1,760
Retail trade	6,725	6,808	6,999	7,810	8,827
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	1,605	1,683	1,922	1,919	2,187
Information	642	742	767	844	926
Financial activities	2,017	1,882	2,183	2,406	2,322
Finance and insurance	1,338	1,193	1,412	1,580	1,534
Real estate and rental and leasing	679	689	771	825	788
Professional and business services	9,425	10,458	10,604	10,970	12,109
Education and health services	5,856	5,801	6,229	6,463	6,887
Educational services	889	947	883	900	992
Health care and social assistance	4,965	4,856	5,344	5,565	5,896
Leisure and hospitality	7,824	8,510	9,099	9,634	10,469
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,326	1,452	1,540	1,569	1,719
Accommodation and food services	6,496	7,057	7,559	8,063	8,749
Other services	1,945	2,216	2,226	2,241	2,238
Government	3,842	3,104	3,450	3,453	3,611
Federal	1,044	335	364	368	375
State and local	2,793	2,769	3,086	3,084	3,237
REGION(2)
Northeast	8,669	8,434	8,443	8,527	8,880
South	18,297	19,209	20,731	21,464	23,104
Midwest	11,159	11,596	11,623	11,878	13,256
West	10,616	11,049	11,568	12,377	13,420
Footnotes (1) The annual hires level is the total number of hires during the entire year. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 14. Annual hires rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[percent]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	37.4	38.1	39.0	39.8	42.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	41.7	43.0	43.6	44.3	47.0
Mining and logging	40.0	43.0	44.7	40.1	45.4
Construction	72.9	75.8	70.3	65.6	61.9
Manufacturing	27.4	25.9	25.0	24.1	25.6
Durable goods	25.6	24.4	24.0	23.1	23.9
Nondurable goods	30.2	28.5	26.6	25.7	28.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	39.5	39.9	41.1	43.1	48.4
Wholesale trade	25.8	27.2	27.5	24.8	30.2
Retail trade	46.6	46.4	47.2	51.8	57.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	33.8	34.7	38.7	38.0	42.1
Information	23.7	27.7	28.7	31.2	33.8
Financial activities	26.2	24.5	28.0	30.5	29.1
Finance and insurance	23.2	20.7	24.2	26.8	25.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	35.1	35.8	39.4	41.3	38.5
Professional and business services	56.3	60.3	59.1	59.2	63.4
Education and health services	29.4	28.7	30.1	30.6	32.1
Educational services	28.2	29.1	26.4	26.8	29.0
Health care and social assistance	29.7	28.6	30.8	31.4	32.7
Leisure and hospitality	60.0	63.7	66.1	67.6	71.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	69.3	75.7	78.2	77.3	81.7
Accommodation and food services	58.3	61.7	64.1	66.0	69.4
Other services	36.5	41.3	41.0	40.9	40.2
Government	17.1	14.1	15.7	15.8	16.5
Federal	35.1	11.7	12.9	13.3	13.7
State and local	14.3	14.4	16.2	16.2	16.9
REGION(2)
Northeast	34.9	33.7	33.5	33.5	34.3
South	38.7	40.1	42.6	43.4	45.8
Midwest	37.8	38.7	38.3	38.7	42.4
West	37.1	38.2	38.7	40.3	42.7
Footnotes (1) The annual hires rate is the number of hires during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 15. Annual total separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[in thousands]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	47,752	48,227	50,047	51,783	55,524
INDUSTRY
Total private	43,627	44,757	46,545	48,280	51,992
Mining and logging	209	241	359	330	361
Construction	4,247	3,981	3,855	3,613	3,526
Manufacturing	3,050	2,825	2,808	2,776	2,899
Durable goods	1,678	1,540	1,648	1,649	1,643
Nondurable goods	1,372	1,287	1,158	1,126	1,257
Trade, transportation, and utilities	9,396	9,487	10,067	10,592	12,184
Wholesale trade	1,400	1,386	1,467	1,363	1,654
Retail trade	6,538	6,512	6,832	7,420	8,525
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	1,458	1,590	1,765	1,809	2,006
Information	711	741	781	802	883
Financial activities	2,076	1,841	2,092	2,320	2,194
Finance and insurance	1,362	1,157	1,351	1,535	1,469
Real estate and rental and leasing	714	684	739	783	728
Professional and business services	8,897	9,871	10,001	10,420	11,412
Education and health services	5,531	5,417	5,750	6,138	6,374
Educational services	811	823	862	863	903
Health care and social assistance	4,720	4,595	4,887	5,274	5,469
Leisure and hospitality	7,581	8,191	8,645	9,131	9,996
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,283	1,474	1,451	1,490	1,637
Accommodation and food services	6,298	6,718	7,193	7,641	8,360
Other services	1,929	2,159	2,191	2,158	2,165
Government	4,123	3,472	3,501	3,504	3,532
Federal	991	370	384	434	385
State and local	3,132	3,101	3,116	3,068	3,145
REGION(2)
Northeast	8,637	8,115	8,233	8,441	8,772
South	17,661	18,496	19,759	20,295	22,049
Midwest	10,890	11,100	11,242	11,142	12,168
West	10,563	10,511	10,813	11,905	12,535
Footnotes (1) The annual total separations level is the total number of total separations during the entire year. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 16. Annual total separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[percent]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	36.7	36.6	37.3	38.0	39.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	40.5	40.8	41.5	42.2	44.4
Mining and logging	29.6	30.6	42.3	38.2	40.3
Construction	77.0	72.0	68.3	61.7	57.4
Manufacturing	26.5	24.1	23.5	23.1	23.8
Durable goods	23.8	21.2	22.1	21.8	21.4
Nondurable goods	30.7	28.9	26.0	25.2	27.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	38.1	37.8	39.5	41.0	46.2
Wholesale trade	25.7	25.0	25.9	23.8	28.4
Retail trade	45.3	44.4	46.0	49.2	55.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	30.7	32.8	35.5	35.8	38.6
Information	26.3	27.7	29.2	29.6	32.2
Financial activities	27.0	23.9	26.9	29.4	27.5
Finance and insurance	23.6	20.1	23.2	26.1	24.8
Real estate and rental and leasing	36.9	35.5	37.8	39.2	35.6
Professional and business services	53.2	57.0	55.8	56.3	59.8
Education and health services	27.8	26.8	27.8	29.1	29.7
Educational services	25.7	25.3	25.8	25.7	26.4
Health care and social assistance	28.2	27.1	28.2	29.7	30.3
Leisure and hospitality	58.1	61.3	62.8	64.1	68.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	67.1	76.8	73.7	73.4	77.8
Accommodation and food services	56.6	58.8	61.0	62.5	66.3
Other services	36.2	40.3	40.3	39.4	38.8
Government	18.3	15.7	16.0	16.0	16.2
Federal	33.3	12.9	13.6	15.7	14.1
State and local	16.1	16.1	16.3	16.1	16.4
REGION(2)
Northeast	34.8	32.4	32.6	33.1	33.9
South	37.3	38.6	40.6	41.0	43.7
Midwest	36.8	37.1	37.1	36.3	38.9
West	36.9	36.3	36.2	38.7	39.9
Footnotes (1) The annual total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 17. Annual quits levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[in thousands]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	22,062	23,539	25,074	27,636	30,522
INDUSTRY
Total private	20,752	22,150	23,530	26,079	28,842
Mining and logging	92	139	193	168	182
Construction	898	947	973	1,175	1,323
Manufacturing	1,132	1,253	1,294	1,318	1,450
Durable goods	563	643	710	746	798
Nondurable goods	568	610	584	576	652
Trade, transportation, and utilities	4,924	5,219	5,558	6,073	7,032
Wholesale trade	539	618	700	721	903
Retail trade	3,731	3,872	3,994	4,478	5,153
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	652	728	864	873	976
Information	349	405	443	427	490
Financial activities	1,010	978	1,087	1,170	1,179
Finance and insurance	670	646	704	779	758
Real estate and rental and leasing	343	330	382	388	421
Professional and business services	3,991	4,438	4,384	5,269	5,614
Education and health services	2,987	3,000	3,304	3,621	3,856
Educational services	357	380	406	400	452
Health care and social assistance	2,629	2,620	2,895	3,222	3,402
Leisure and hospitality	4,418	4,797	5,223	5,698	6,468
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	450	519	530	574	607
Accommodation and food services	3,966	4,276	4,693	5,123	5,861
Other services	954	978	1,070	1,163	1,248
Government	1,307	1,390	1,545	1,557	1,679
Federal	142	111	130	133	125
State and local	1,167	1,279	1,416	1,423	1,555
REGION(2)
Northeast	3,476	3,380	3,687	3,843	4,200
South	8,890	9,535	10,505	11,520	12,727
Midwest	5,003	5,485	5,651	6,195	6,817
West	4,690	5,139	5,230	6,077	6,778
Footnotes (1) The annual quits level is the total number of quits during the entire year. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 18. Annual quits rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[percent]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	16.9	17.9	18.7	20.3	22.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	19.3	20.2	21.0	22.8	24.6
Mining and logging	13.0	17.6	22.8	19.5	20.3
Construction	16.3	17.1	17.2	20.1	21.6
Manufacturing	9.8	10.7	10.8	11.0	11.9
Durable goods	8.0	8.8	9.5	9.9	10.4
Nondurable goods	12.7	13.7	13.1	12.9	14.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	20.0	20.8	21.8	23.5	26.7
Wholesale trade	9.9	11.1	12.4	12.6	15.5
Retail trade	25.8	26.4	26.9	29.7	33.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	13.7	15.0	17.4	17.3	18.8
Information	12.9	15.1	16.6	15.8	17.9
Financial activities	13.1	12.7	14.0	14.8	14.8
Finance and insurance	11.6	11.2	12.1	13.2	12.8
Real estate and rental and leasing	17.7	17.1	19.5	19.4	20.6
Professional and business services	23.9	25.6	24.4	28.5	29.4
Education and health services	15.0	14.8	16.0	17.2	18.0
Educational services	11.3	11.7	12.2	11.9	13.2
Health care and social assistance	15.7	15.4	16.7	18.2	18.8
Leisure and hospitality	33.9	35.9	37.9	40.0	44.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	23.5	27.0	26.9	28.3	28.8
Accommodation and food services	35.6	37.4	39.8	41.9	46.5
Other services	17.9	18.2	19.7	21.2	22.4
Government	5.8	6.3	7.0	7.1	7.7
Federal	4.8	3.9	4.6	4.8	4.6
State and local	6.0	6.7	7.4	7.5	8.1
REGION(2)
Northeast	14.0	13.5	14.6	15.1	16.2
South	18.8	19.9	21.6	23.3	25.2
Midwest	16.9	18.3	18.6	20.2	21.8
West	16.4	17.8	17.5	19.8	21.6
Footnotes (1) The annual quits rate is the number of quits during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 19. Annual layoffs and discharges levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[in thousands]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	21,827	20,801	20,872	19,889	20,418
INDUSTRY
Total private	19,775	19,466	19,686	18,725	19,347
Mining and logging	95	83	143	137	144
Construction	3,157	2,868	2,766	2,325	2,049
Manufacturing	1,678	1,330	1,252	1,191	1,163
Durable goods	959	742	778	743	679
Nondurable goods	720	587	473	444	483
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3,674	3,396	3,570	3,552	3,965
Wholesale trade	734	585	638	518	616
Retail trade	2,320	2,154	2,249	2,320	2,516
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	620	657	685	713	834
Information	294	277	276	307	305
Financial activities	778	659	625	716	650
Finance and insurance	462	355	339	406	411
Real estate and rental and leasing	318	304	286	309	240
Professional and business services	4,319	4,821	5,022	4,665	5,120
Education and health services	2,122	1,873	1,952	1,929	2,022
Educational services	406	374	390	407	393
Health care and social assistance	1,715	1,500	1,560	1,519	1,630
Leisure and hospitality	2,807	3,109	3,091	3,042	3,154
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	790	925	896	881	989
Accommodation and food services	2,016	2,186	2,193	2,161	2,163
Other services	855	1,048	998	865	777
Government	2,049	1,337	1,185	1,163	1,070
Federal	738	134	128	150	130
State and local	1,312	1,202	1,060	1,014	940
REGION(2)
Northeast	4,409	4,030	3,753	3,745	3,742
South	7,421	7,557	7,770	7,245	7,456
Midwest	5,016	4,694	4,645	4,015	4,431
West	4,980	4,522	4,701	4,884	4,791
Footnotes (1) The annual layoffs and discharges level is the total number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 20. Annual layoffs and discharges rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[percent]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	16.8	15.8	15.6	14.6	14.7
INDUSTRY
Total private	18.3	17.7	17.5	16.3	16.5
Mining and logging	13.5	10.5	16.9	15.9	16.1
Construction	57.2	51.8	49.0	39.7	33.4
Manufacturing	14.6	11.3	10.5	9.9	9.5
Durable goods	13.6	10.2	10.4	9.8	8.8
Nondurable goods	16.1	13.2	10.6	9.9	10.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities	14.9	13.5	14.0	13.7	15.0
Wholesale trade	13.5	10.6	11.3	9.0	10.6
Retail trade	16.1	14.7	15.2	15.4	16.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	13.1	13.5	13.8	14.1	16.1
Information	10.9	10.3	10.3	11.3	11.1
Financial activities	10.1	8.6	8.0	9.1	8.1
Finance and insurance	8.0	6.2	5.8	6.9	6.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	16.4	15.8	14.6	15.5	11.7
Professional and business services	25.8	27.8	28.0	25.2	26.8
Education and health services	10.7	9.3	9.4	9.1	9.4
Educational services	12.9	11.5	11.7	12.1	11.5
Health care and social assistance	10.2	8.8	9.0	8.6	9.0
Leisure and hospitality	21.5	23.3	22.5	21.3	21.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	41.3	48.2	45.5	43.4	47.0
Accommodation and food services	18.1	19.1	18.6	17.7	17.2
Other services	16.0	19.6	18.4	15.8	13.9
Government	9.1	6.1	5.4	5.3	4.9
Federal	24.8	4.7	4.5	5.4	4.8
State and local	6.7	6.3	5.5	5.3	4.9
REGION(2)
Northeast	17.8	16.1	14.9	14.7	14.4
South	15.7	15.8	16.0	14.6	14.8
Midwest	17.0	15.7	15.3	13.1	14.2
West	17.4	15.6	15.7	15.9	15.3
Footnotes (1) The annual layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 21. Annual other separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[in thousands]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	3,865	3,886	4,101	4,259	4,584
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,097	3,143	3,331	3,473	3,801
Mining and logging	25	21	21	25	34
Construction	193	168	119	113	154
Manufacturing	241	245	263	265	288
Durable goods	155	155	163	162	164
Nondurable goods	86	89	97	103	124
Trade, transportation, and utilities	795	872	938	969	1,187
Wholesale trade	125	182	127	124	137
Retail trade	485	488	592	625	854
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	187	200	217	222	196
Information	67	56	65	68	89
Financial activities	286	206	376	432	364
Finance and insurance	232	156	305	349	298
Real estate and rental and leasing	55	48	73	83	67
Professional and business services	590	612	598	486	676
Education and health services	422	544	493	589	498
Educational services	49	70	65	56	60
Health care and social assistance	376	475	430	533	440
Leisure and hospitality	356	286	334	394	375
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	38	30	28	34	39
Accommodation and food services	317	255	305	357	332
Other services	119	133	122	129	141
Government	768	746	769	786	783
Federal	116	125	127	155	130
State and local	654	619	642	633	649
REGION(2)
Northeast	747	704	789	846	827
South	1,356	1,410	1,489	1,532	1,869
Midwest	871	921	945	932	919
West	891	850	876	945	969
Footnotes (1) The annual other separations level is the total number of other separations during the entire year. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 22. Annual other separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

[percent]

Industry and region	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
Total	3.0	2.9	3.1	3.1	3.3
INDUSTRY
Total private	2.9	2.9	3.0	3.0	3.2
Mining and logging	3.5	2.7	2.5	2.9	3.8
Construction	3.5	3.0	2.1	1.9	2.5
Manufacturing	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.4
Durable goods	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1
Nondurable goods	1.9	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.2	3.5	3.7	3.7	4.5
Wholesale trade	2.3	3.3	2.2	2.2	2.4
Retail trade	3.4	3.3	4.0	4.1	5.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	3.9	4.1	4.4	4.4	3.8
Information	2.5	2.1	2.4	2.5	3.2
Financial activities	3.7	2.7	4.8	5.5	4.6
Finance and insurance	4.0	2.7	5.2	5.9	5.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	2.8	2.5	3.7	4.2	3.3
Professional and business services	3.5	3.5	3.3	2.6	3.5
Education and health services	2.1	2.7	2.4	2.8	2.3
Educational services	1.6	2.2	1.9	1.7	1.8
Health care and social assistance	2.2	2.8	2.5	3.0	2.4
Leisure and hospitality	2.7	2.1	2.4	2.8	2.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2.0	1.6	1.4	1.7	1.9
Accommodation and food services	2.8	2.2	2.6	2.9	2.6
Other services	2.2	2.5	2.2	2.4	2.5
Government	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.6
Federal	3.9	4.4	4.5	5.6	4.8
State and local	3.4	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.4
REGION(2)
Northeast	3.0	2.8	3.1	3.3	3.2
South	2.9	2.9	3.1	3.1	3.7
Midwest	2.9	3.1	3.1	3.0	2.9
West	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.1	3.1
Footnotes (1) The annual other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment. (2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.