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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 11, 2014	USDL-14-0389

Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                    JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2014

There were 4.0 million job openings on the last business day of January, little changed from December, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.3 percent) and separations rate (3.2 
percent) were little changed in January. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job 
openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region. The 
release also includes 2013 annual estimates for hires and separations. The annual levels for hires and 
quits increased in 2013 while the annual total for layoffs and discharges decreased.

Job Openings

There were 4.0 million job openings in January, little changed from December. The number of openings 
also was little changed in total private and government. The number of job openings decreased in retail 
trade; the number increased in health care and social assistance and in arts, entertainment, and 
recreation. The West region experienced a rise in job openings in January. (See table 1.)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                             Revisions to the JOLTS Data                                          |
|Job openings, hires, and separations data have been revised from December 2000 forward to         |
|incorporate annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the Job  |
|Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) seasonal adjustment factors. In addition, durable      |
|goods manufacturing and nondurable goods manufacturing data are now available on a seasonally     |
|adjusted basis. See the note at the end of this release for more information about these changes. |
|__________________________________________________________________________________________________|

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the year for total nonfarm and total 
private but decreased for government. Over the year, the number of job openings increased in several 
industries while it decreased in real estate and rental and leasing and in federal government. The 
Midwest and West regions experienced an increase in the number of job openings over the 12 months 
ending in January. (See table 7.)

Hires

There were 4.5 million hires in January, little changed from December. The number of hires was 
essentially unchanged for total private and government. The number of hires fell in January in retail 
trade and in the Midwest. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in January, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) changed little for 
total nonfarm, total private, and government. Hires levels rose over the year in professional and business 
services and in educational services. The number of hires was little changed in all four regions. (See 
table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.5 million total separations in January, little changed from December. The number of total 
separations was essentially unchanged for total private and government. (See table 3.)

In January, the quits rate was little changed at 1.7 percent for total nonfarm. The rate was little changed 
for total private (1.9 percent) and unchanged for government (0.6 percent). The quits rate was essentially 
unchanged over the month in all industries and in all four regions. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending in January 
for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of quits rose over the year in retail trade 
and professional and business services but fell in finance and insurance. The number of quits was 
essentially unchanged in all four regions over the year. (See table 10.)

The layoffs and discharges rate was little changed in January at 1.3 percent. The rate was unchanged 
over the month for total private (1.4 percent) and government (0.5 percent). The layoffs and discharges 
rate was little changed in all four regions. Seasonally adjusted estimates of layoffs and discharges are 
not available for individual industries. (See table 5.) 

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending 
in January for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and discharges rose 
over the year for several industries but fell in mining and logging. The number of layoffs and discharges 
rose in the Midwest. (See table 11.)

In January, there were 341,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from December. The 
number of other separations also was little changed over the month for total private and government. 
(See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available for individual 
industries or regions. Over the 12 months ending in January, the number of other separations was little 
changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in January 2014, hires totaled 54.3 
million and separations totaled 52.1 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.2 million. These 
figures include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

Annual Levels and Rates

This release contains the 2013 annual levels and rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations. Note that annual figures for job openings are not calculated because 
job openings are measured on a stock, or point-in-time, basis rather than on a flow basis over a specified 
time period. The annual figures and additional tables are published with the release of January data each 
year. (See the Technical Note for additional information on these measures.)

Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons across years. In 2013, annual levels 
for hires, quits, and other separations rose for the fourth consecutive year. The layoffs and discharges 
annual level decreased in 2013 after holding steady in 2012.

In 2013, annual hires increased to 54.2 million (39.7 percent of employment) and annual total 
separations rose to 51.8 million (38.0 percent of employment). Annual quits increased to 27.6 million 
(20.3 percent of employment) in 2013. Annual layoffs and discharges decreased in 2013 to 20.0 million 
(14.6 percent of employment). Annual other separations rose in 2013 to 4.3 million (3.1 percent of 
employment). (See tables 13 through 22.)
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for February 2014 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, April 8, 2014 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).


Table A.  Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               |    Job openings    |       Hires        | Total separations
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
          Category             | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan.
                               | 2013 | 2013 | 2014p| 2013 | 2013 | 2014p| 2013 | 2013 | 2014p
-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
     LEVELS BY INDUSTRY        |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
       (in thousands)          |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|3,693 |3,914 |3,974 |4,389 |4,578 |4,535 |4,262 |4,468 |4,452
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|3,272 |3,552 |3,605 |4,112 |4,291 |4,255 |3,964 |4,170 |4,142
  Construction.................|  113 |  124 |  156 |  331 |  251 |  285 |  327 |  287 |  248
  Manufacturing................|  264 |  288 |  270 |  234 |  253 |  246 |  221 |  247 |  230
   Durable goods...............|  172 |  177 |  173 |  144 |  146 |  137 |  136 |  145 |  121
   Nondurable goods............|   92 |  111 |   97 |   90 |  107 |  109 |   85 |  102 |  109
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  705 |  763 |  711 |  887 | 1003 |  934 |  870 |  927 |  951
   Retail trade................|  434 |  474 |  377 |  602 |  734 |  625 |  588 |  671 |  649
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  662 |  680 |  656 |  865 |  980 |  996 |  825 |  952 |  977
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  591 |  624 |  689 |  522 |  539 |  546 |  520 |  517 |  565
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  535 |  552 |  616 |  459 |  461 |  466 |  450 |  442 |  471
  Leisure and hospitality......|  452 |  524 |  633 |  789 |  795 |  795 |  750 |  771 |  759
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|   54 |   43 |   99 |  126 |  126 |  118 |  120 |  116 |  112
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  397 |  481 |  534 |  663 |  668 |  677 |  629 |  655 |  647
 Government(4).................|  421 |  361 |  369 |  277 |  287 |  280 |  297 |  297 |  310
  State and local..............|  340 |  311 |  321 |  243 |  259 |  253 |  256 |  265 |  267
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
     RATES BY INDUSTRY         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
         (percent)             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|  2.7 |  2.8 |  2.8 |  3.2 |  3.3 |  3.3 |  3.2 |  3.3 |  3.2
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|  2.8 |  3.0 |  3.0 |  3.6 |  3.7 |  3.7 |  3.5 |  3.6 |  3.6
  Construction.................|  1.9 |  2.1 |  2.6 |  5.8 |  4.3 |  4.8 |  5.7 |  4.9 |  4.2
  Manufacturing................|  2.2 |  2.3 |  2.2 |  2.0 |  2.1 |  2.0 |  1.8 |  2.1 |  1.9
   Durable goods...............|  2.2 |  2.3 |  2.2 |  1.9 |  1.9 |  1.8 |  1.8 |  1.9 |  1.6
   Nondurable goods............|  2.0 |  2.4 |  2.1 |  2.0 |  2.4 |  2.4 |  1.9 |  2.3 |  2.4
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  2.7 |  2.8 |  2.6 |  3.5 |  3.8 |  3.6 |  3.4 |  3.5 |  3.6
   Retail trade................|  2.8 |  3.0 |  2.4 |  4.0 |  4.8 |  4.1 |  3.9 |  4.4 |  4.3
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  3.5 |  3.5 |  3.4 |  4.7 |  5.2 |  5.3 |  4.5 |  5.1 |  5.2
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  2.7 |  2.9 |  3.1 |  2.5 |  2.5 |  2.6 |  2.5 |  2.4 |  2.7
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  3.0 |  3.0 |  3.3 |  2.6 |  2.6 |  2.6 |  2.6 |  2.5 |  2.6
  Leisure and hospitality......|  3.1 |  3.5 |  4.2 |  5.6 |  5.5 |  5.5 |  5.3 |  5.3 |  5.3
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|  2.6 |  2.0 |  4.5 |  6.3 |  6.1 |  5.7 |  6.0 |  5.6 |  5.4
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  3.2 |  3.7 |  4.1 |  5.5 |  5.4 |  5.5 |  5.2 |  5.3 |  5.2
 Government(4).................|  1.9 |  1.6 |  1.7 |  1.3 |  1.3 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4
  State and local..............|  1.8 |  1.6 |  1.7 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not
shown separately.
  2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown
separately.
  3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  p Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors.


                    Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data

In accordance with annual practice, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data have 
been revised to reflect annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics (CES), or establishment 
survey, employment estimates. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-adjusted to the 
CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. In most years, 
this annual benchmark process would result in the revision of 21 months of not seasonally adjusted data.  
However, this year the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (the sampling frame for both 
JOLTS and CES) reclassified some home services for the elderly and people with disabilities from 
NAICS 814110 (out of scope for JOLTS and CES) to NAICS 624120 (in scope for JOLTS and CES).  
This reclassification, though not large, required a retabulation of the full JOLTS series from December 
2000 forward. Additionally, new seasonal factors have been developed based on the full revised JOLTS 
series and have been applied to the data from December 2000 forward. (For more information on this 
year’s CES benchmark and the reclassification of jobs, see http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesbmart.pdf.)  

Tables B through G below present revised total nonfarm data for January through December 2013. The 
December 2013 revisions also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the 
final December estimates. Tables presenting revisions to total nonfarm data for December 2000 through 
2012 will be available later today on the JOLTS website. The website also contains all revised 
seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data. The revision tables and data can be accessed 
through the JOLTS homepage at http://www.bls.gov/jlt/.


Table B. Revisions in job openings data January 2013 - December 2013,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2013   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    3,611   |  3,693  |     82     |     2.6    |  2.7    |    0.1
February..|    3,899   |  4,015  |    116     |     2.8    |  2.9    |     .1
March.....|    3,875   |  3,879  |      4     |     2.8    |  2.8    |     .0
April.....|    3,800   |  3,824  |     24     |     2.7    |  2.7    |     .0
May.......|    3,907   |  3,879  |    -28     |     2.8    |  2.8    |     .0
June......|    3,869   |  3,971  |    102     |     2.8    |  2.8    |     .0
July......|    3,808   |  3,816  |      8     |     2.7    |  2.7    |     .0
August....|    3,844   |  3,925  |     81     |     2.7    |  2.8    |     .1
September.|    3,883   |  3,948  |     65     |     2.8    |  2.8    |     .0
October...|    3,931   |  3,996  |     65     |     2.8    |  2.8    |     .0
November..|    4,033   |  4,126  |     93     |     2.9    |  2.9    |     .0
December..|    3,990   |  3,914  |    -76     |     2.8    |  2.8    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table C. Revisions in hires data January 2013 - December 2013,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2013   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    4,298   |  4,389  |     91     |     3.2    |  3.2    |    0.0
February..|    4,451   |  4,551  |    100     |     3.3    |  3.4    |     .1
March.....|    4,227   |  4,301  |     74     |     3.1    |  3.2    |     .1
April.....|    4,395   |  4,457  |     62     |     3.2    |  3.3    |     .1
May.......|    4,490   |  4,541  |     51     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
June......|    4,318   |  4,418  |    100     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
July......|    4,497   |  4,525  |     28     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
August....|    4,559   |  4,592  |     33     |     3.3    |  3.4    |     .1
September.|    4,632   |  4,701  |     69     |     3.4    |  3.4    |     .0
October...|    4,484   |  4,512  |     28     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
November..|    4,529   |  4,574  |     45     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
December..|    4,437   |  4,578  |    141     |     3.2    |  3.3    |     .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table D. Revisions in total separations data January 2013 - December 2013,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2013   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    4,173   |  4,262  |     89     |     3.1    |  3.2    |    0.1
February..|    4,180   |  4,212  |     32     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
March.....|    4,123   |  4,186  |     63     |     3.0    |  3.1    |     .1
April.....|    4,287   |  4,276  |    -11     |     3.2    |  3.1    |    -.1
May.......|    4,381   |  4,401  |     20     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
June......|    4,228   |  4,236  |      8     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
July......|    4,273   |  4,313  |     40     |     3.1    |  3.2    |     .1
August....|    4,405   |  4,417  |     12     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
September.|    4,477   |  4,500  |     23     |     3.3    |  3.3    |     .0
October...|    4,205   |  4,305  |    100     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
November..|    4,278   |  4,316  |     38     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
December..|    4,370   |  4,468  |     98     |     3.2    |  3.3    |     .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table E. Revisions in quits data January 2013 - December 2013,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2013   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    2,260   |  2,301  |     41     |     1.7    |  1.7    |    0.0
February..|    2,286   |  2,268  |    -18     |     1.7    |  1.7    |     .0
March.....|    2,099   |  2,103  |      4     |     1.6    |  1.6    |     .0
April.....|    2,185   |  2,238  |     53     |     1.6    |  1.6    |     .0
May.......|    2,233   |  2,198  |    -35     |     1.6    |  1.6    |     .0
June......|    2,205   |  2,199  |     -6     |     1.6    |  1.6    |     .0
July......|    2,342   |  2,305  |    -37     |     1.7    |  1.7    |     .0
August....|    2,364   |  2,346  |    -18     |     1.7    |  1.7    |     .0
September.|    2,327   |  2,381  |     54     |     1.7    |  1.7    |     .0
October...|    2,382   |  2,426  |     44     |     1.7    |  1.8    |     .1
November..|    2,414   |  2,448  |     34     |     1.8    |  1.8    |     .0
December..|    2,373   |  2,417  |     44     |     1.7    |  1.8    |     .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table F. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data January 2013 - December 2013,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2013   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    1,520   |  1,578  |     58     |     1.1    |  1.2    |    0.1
February..|    1,572   |  1,618  |     46     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
March.....|    1,686   |  1,755  |     69     |     1.2    |  1.3    |     .1
April.....|    1,741   |  1,700  |    -41     |     1.3    |  1.3    |     .0
May.......|    1,752   |  1,783  |     31     |     1.3    |  1.3    |     .0
June......|    1,602   |  1,662  |     60     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
July......|    1,589   |  1,666  |     77     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
August....|    1,676   |  1,701  |     25     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
September.|    1,756   |  1,783  |     27     |     1.3    |  1.3    |     .0
October...|    1,504   |  1,547  |     43     |     1.1    |  1.1    |     .0
November..|    1,499   |  1,511  |     12     |     1.1    |  1.1    |     .0
December..|    1,608   |  1,702  |     94     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Table G. Revisions in other separations data January 2013 - December 2013,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2013   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|      393   |    383  |    -10     |     0.3    |  0.3    |    0.0
February..|      323   |    326  |      3     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
March.....|      338   |    328  |    -10     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
April.....|      360   |    338  |    -22     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
May.......|      396   |    420  |     24     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
June......|      420   |    375  |    -45     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
July......|      342   |    341  |     -1     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
August....|      365   |    370  |      5     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
September.|      394   |    336  |    -58     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
October...|      319   |    332  |     13     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
November..|      365   |    356  |     -9     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
December..|      390   |    349  |    -41     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

3,693 3,948 3,996 4,126 3,914 3,974 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

3,272 3,559 3,603 3,757 3,552 3,605 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.0

Construction

113 117 129 165 124 156 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.7 2.1 2.6

Manufacturing

264 252 280 298 288 270 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.2

Durable goods

172 169 174 175 177 173 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2

Nondurable goods

92 84 106 123 111 97 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

705 800 711 786 763 711 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.6

Retail trade

434 511 455 439 474 377 2.8 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.4

Professional and business services

662 644 729 750 680 656 3.5 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.4

Education and health services(6)

591 684 672 682 624 689 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1

Health care and social assistance

535 618 599 610 552 616 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.3

Leisure and hospitality

452 541 535 562 524 633 3.1 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.5 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

54 58 81 84 43 99 2.6 2.8 3.8 3.9 2.0 4.5

Accommodation and food services

397 482 455 477 481 534 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.1

Government(7)

421 389 393 369 361 369 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7

State and local

340 342 354 313 311 321 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.7

REGION(8)

Northeast

694 696 667 692 688 664 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5

South

1,456 1,474 1,445 1,535 1,490 1,449 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.8

Midwest

759 893 961 941 836 848 2.4 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.7

West

784 885 923 957 900 1,013 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

4,389 4,701 4,512 4,574 4,578 4,535 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,112 4,408 4,232 4,286 4,291 4,255 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7

Construction

331 304 348 299 251 285 5.8 5.2 5.9 5.1 4.3 4.8

Manufacturing

234 259 229 269 253 246 2.0 2.2 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.0

Durable goods

144 159 140 147 146 137 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8

Nondurable goods

90 100 90 122 107 109 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.7 2.4 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

887 960 966 1,012 1,003 934 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.6

Retail trade

602 662 687 694 734 625 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.1

Professional and business services

865 1,028 886 950 980 996 4.7 5.5 4.7 5.0 5.2 5.3

Education and health services(6)

522 546 530 522 539 546 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6

Health care and social assistance

459 472 454 448 461 466 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

789 818 813 792 795 795 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

126 141 138 141 126 118 6.3 6.9 6.7 6.8 6.1 5.7

Accommodation and food services

663 677 675 651 668 677 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.5

Government(7)

277 293 281 288 287 280 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local

243 267 252 249 259 253 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

REGION(8)

Northeast

688 744 712 696 702 685 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

South

1,801 1,837 1,775 1,824 1,761 1,864 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.7

Midwest

935 1,069 956 1,022 1,053 938 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.0

West

965 1,051 1,069 1,032 1,063 1,047 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

4,262 4,500 4,305 4,316 4,468 4,452 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

3,964 4,231 3,975 4,028 4,170 4,142 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6

Construction

327 288 310 275 287 248 5.7 4.9 5.3 4.7 4.9 4.2

Manufacturing

221 243 208 228 247 230 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9

Durable goods

136 141 126 126 145 121 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.6

Nondurable goods

85 102 82 103 102 109 1.9 2.3 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

870 894 911 933 927 951 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.6

Retail trade

588 639 636 668 671 649 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.3

Professional and business services

825 969 851 888 952 977 4.5 5.2 4.5 4.7 5.1 5.2

Education and health services(6)

520 518 496 492 517 565 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.7

Health care and social assistance

450 441 426 416 442 471 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

750 833 752 761 771 759 5.3 5.8 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

120 147 116 127 116 112 6.0 7.3 5.7 6.1 5.6 5.4

Accommodation and food services

629 686 636 634 655 647 5.2 5.6 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.2

Government(7)

297 269 330 287 297 310 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4

State and local

256 238 284 253 265 267 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4

REGION(8)

Northeast

756 742 676 659 732 750 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9

South

1,608 1,786 1,753 1,680 1,716 1,714 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4

Midwest

864 980 934 941 965 1,006 2.8 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2

West

1,035 993 942 1,036 1,055 982 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

2,301 2,381 2,426 2,448 2,417 2,375 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

2,171 2,267 2,290 2,325 2,286 2,240 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9

Construction

130 94 90 75 85 93 2.3 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.6

Manufacturing

105 119 108 120 121 110 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9

Durable goods

62 67 63 66 66 52 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7

Nondurable goods

43 52 45 54 55 58 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

497 539 557 559 529 537 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1

Retail trade

361 410 408 410 383 420 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7

Professional and business services

373 504 475 500 540 499 2.0 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.6

Education and health services(6)

330 300 309 283 316 301 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4

Health care and social assistance

292 268 273 250 283 267 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

484 465 517 540 457 471 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.2 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

57 42 48 53 53 43 2.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.1

Accommodation and food services

427 423 469 487 404 428 3.5 3.4 3.8 3.9 3.3 3.5

Government(7)

129 114 136 124 131 135 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local

119 103 124 113 119 125 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

REGION(8)

Northeast

350 328 344 344 342 333 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

South

916 975 1,017 1,007 983 983 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Midwest

499 567 550 551 518 532 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

West

536 510 515 547 574 527 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

1,578 1,783 1,547 1,511 1,702 1,736 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

1,484 1,680 1,423 1,419 1,597 1,630 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

94 103 124 92 105 106 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

308 346 258 252 318 348 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3

South

560 695 612 551 603 609 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

Midwest

291 330 330 304 368 389 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3

West

420 413 347 404 412 390 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Sept.
2013
Oct.
2013
Nov.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

383 336 332 356 349 341 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

309 283 262 285 287 272 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

74 53 70 71 62 69 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

- - - - - - - - - - - -

South

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Midwest

- - - - - - - - - - - -

West

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

3,836 3,387 4,121 2.8 2.4 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,451 3,046 3,785 3.0 2.6 3.2

Mining and logging

17 25 31 2.0 2.7 3.4

Construction

114 82 162 2.1 1.4 2.8

Manufacturing

266 260 275 2.2 2.1 2.2

Durable goods

170 159 174 2.2 2.1 2.3

Nondurable goods

96 101 101 2.1 2.2 2.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

712 605 724 2.7 2.2 2.7

Wholesale trade

158 147 155 2.7 2.5 2.6

Retail trade

409 347 353 2.7 2.1 2.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

146 111 216 2.8 2.1 4.1

Information

92 79 106 3.4 2.9 3.9

Financial activities

266 222 271 3.3 2.7 3.3

Finance and insurance

179 176 223 3.0 2.9 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

87 45 48 4.3 2.2 2.4

Professional and business services

746 642 734 4.0 3.3 3.8

Education and health services

648 572 744 3.0 2.6 3.4

Educational services

56 64 73 1.7 1.8 2.2

Health care and social assistance

592 508 671 3.3 2.8 3.6

Leisure and hospitality

418 413 596 3.0 2.8 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

49 26 92 2.7 1.3 4.7

Accommodation and food services

369 387 504 3.1 3.1 4.1

Other services

170 147 142 3.1 2.6 2.6

Government

385 340 336 1.7 1.5 1.5

Federal

75 49 45 2.6 1.7 1.7

State and local

310 291 290 1.6 1.5 1.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

712 568 685 2.8 2.1 2.6

South

1,575 1,323 1,569 3.2 2.6 3.1

Midwest

740 723 826 2.4 2.3 2.6

West

809 772 1,040 2.6 2.4 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

4,223 3,271 4,383 3.2 2.4 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,970 3,098 4,127 3.6 2.7 3.6

Mining and logging

33 20 36 3.9 2.3 4.1

Construction

288 149 247 5.4 2.6 4.5

Manufacturing

250 164 262 2.1 1.4 2.2

Durable goods

159 96 150 2.1 1.3 2.0

Nondurable goods

92 68 112 2.1 1.5 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

773 783 812 3.0 2.9 3.1

Wholesale trade

148 85 139 2.6 1.5 2.4

Retail trade

473 549 487 3.2 3.5 3.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

152 149 186 3.0 2.8 3.7

Information

72 51 75 2.7 1.9 2.8

Financial activities

218 130 170 2.8 1.6 2.2

Finance and insurance

142 84 105 2.4 1.4 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

76 46 65 3.9 2.3 3.3

Professional and business services

955 751 1,099 5.4 4.0 5.9

Education and health services

547 379 574 2.6 1.8 2.7

Educational services

67 41 85 2.1 1.2 2.6

Health care and social assistance

480 338 489 2.7 1.9 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

663 539 672 5.0 3.8 4.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

92 87 87 5.2 4.6 4.7

Accommodation and food services

571 452 585 4.9 3.7 4.9

Other services

171 131 181 3.2 2.4 3.3

Government

253 173 256 1.2 0.8 1.2

Federal

31 24 25 1.1 0.9 0.9

State and local

221 150 232 1.2 0.8 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

631 504 628 2.5 1.9 2.5

South

1,839 1,262 1,924 3.8 2.5 3.9

Midwest

854 735 856 2.8 2.4 2.8

West

899 771 976 3.0 2.5 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

4,767 4,227 5,006 3.6 3.1 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,493 3,969 4,722 4.0 3.4 4.2

Mining and logging

33 34 31 4.0 3.8 3.6

Construction

371 311 282 6.9 5.4 5.1

Manufacturing

236 212 245 2.0 1.8 2.0

Durable goods

150 126 134 2.0 1.7 1.8

Nondurable goods

86 86 110 2.0 1.9 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,157 1,004 1,271 4.5 3.7 4.9

Wholesale trade

150 88 141 2.6 1.5 2.4

Retail trade

805 718 870 5.4 4.5 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

203 198 260 4.1 3.8 5.1

Information

74 67 75 2.8 2.5 2.8

Financial activities

249 153 202 3.2 1.9 2.6

Finance and insurance

160 104 129 2.7 1.8 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

90 50 73 4.6 2.5 3.7

Professional and business services

929 942 1,089 5.2 5.0 5.9

Education and health services

535 447 581 2.6 2.1 2.8

Educational services

62 56 79 1.9 1.6 2.4

Health care and social assistance

473 391 503 2.7 2.2 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

741 645 768 5.6 4.6 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

93 90 89 5.3 4.7 4.8

Accommodation and food services

648 555 679 5.6 4.6 5.7

Other services

168 155 178 3.1 2.8 3.3

Government

274 258 285 1.3 1.2 1.3

Federal

57 31 56 2.0 1.1 2.1

State and local

218 227 229 1.1 1.2 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

826 702 836 3.3 2.7 3.3

South

1,820 1,571 1,934 3.8 3.1 3.9

Midwest

977 971 1,156 3.3 3.1 3.8

West

1,144 983 1,082 3.8 3.2 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

2,255 2,007 2,347 1.7 1.5 1.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,140 1,907 2,229 1.9 1.6 2.0

Mining and logging

13 15 11 1.5 1.7 1.3

Construction

113 58 82 2.1 1.0 1.5

Manufacturing

93 84 98 0.8 0.7 0.8

Durable goods

56 47 47 0.7 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods

37 37 51 0.8 0.8 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

523 467 566 2.1 1.7 2.2

Wholesale trade

63 35 57 1.1 0.6 1.0

Retail trade

385 340 447 2.6 2.1 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

74 92 62 1.5 1.8 1.2

Information

39 33 47 1.5 1.2 1.8

Financial activities

105 61 76 1.4 0.8 1.0

Finance and insurance

76 40 37 1.3 0.7 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

29 21 39 1.5 1.0 1.9

Professional and business services

359 483 482 2.0 2.6 2.6

Education and health services

333 264 307 1.6 1.2 1.5

Educational services

35 22 31 1.1 0.6 1.0

Health care and social assistance

298 242 275 1.7 1.3 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

460 363 452 3.5 2.6 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

40 41 30 2.2 2.1 1.6

Accommodation and food services

420 323 422 3.6 2.6 3.5

Other services

102 80 107 1.9 1.5 2.0

Government

115 100 118 0.5 0.5 0.5

Federal

12 10 11 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

103 91 107 0.5 0.5 0.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

344 282 332 1.4 1.1 1.3

South

932 817 1,004 1.9 1.6 2.0

Midwest

468 430 502 1.6 1.4 1.6

West

511 478 510 1.7 1.5 1.7

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

2,012 1,885 2,200 1.5 1.4 1.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,940 1,790 2,115 1.7 1.5 1.9

Mining and logging

18 17 12 2.1 2.0 1.4

Construction

244 241 187 4.6 4.2 3.4

Manufacturing

120 101 112 1.0 0.8 0.9

Durable goods

78 59 68 1.0 0.8 0.9

Nondurable goods

42 42 44 0.9 0.9 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

505 467 607 2.0 1.7 2.3

Wholesale trade

59 47 60 1.0 0.8 1.0

Retail trade

343 327 363 2.3 2.1 2.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

103 93 183 2.1 1.8 3.6

Information

26 30 25 1.0 1.1 0.9

Financial activities

86 54 95 1.1 0.7 1.2

Finance and insurance

39 31 63 0.7 0.5 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

47 23 32 2.4 1.1 1.6

Professional and business services

503 416 497 2.8 2.2 2.7

Education and health services

151 139 232 0.7 0.7 1.1

Educational services

21 32 44 0.6 0.9 1.4

Health care and social assistance

130 108 188 0.7 0.6 1.1

Leisure and hospitality

241 257 294 1.8 1.8 2.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

52 47 57 3.0 2.4 3.1

Accommodation and food services

189 210 237 1.6 1.7 2.0

Other services

47 68 54 0.9 1.2 1.0

Government

72 95 85 0.3 0.4 0.4

Federal

10 11 24 0.4 0.4 0.9

State and local

61 84 62 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

361 353 410 1.4 1.4 1.6

South

715 627 773 1.5 1.2 1.6

Midwest

394 468 520 1.3 1.5 1.7

West

542 438 498 1.8 1.4 1.6

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)
Jan.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014(p)

Total

501 334 459 0.4 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

413 272 378 0.4 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging

3 2 7 0.3 0.2 0.8

Construction

14 12 14 0.3 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

23 27 35 0.2 0.2 0.3

Durable goods

16 20 19 0.2 0.3 0.3

Nondurable goods

7 6 16 0.2 0.1 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

129 70 97 0.5 0.3 0.4

Wholesale trade

27 7 23 0.5 0.1 0.4

Retail trade

76 51 60 0.5 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

26 13 14 0.5 0.2 0.3

Information

8 4 3 0.3 0.2 0.1

Financial activities

58 38 31 0.7 0.5 0.4

Finance and insurance

44 32 28 0.8 0.5 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

14 6 3 0.7 0.3 0.2

Professional and business services

66 43 110 0.4 0.2 0.6

Education and health services

52 44 42 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services

7 3 3 0.2 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance

45 41 39 0.3 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

41 26 22 0.3 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2 2 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

39 23 20 0.3 0.2 0.2

Other services

19 8 17 0.4 0.1 0.3

Government

88 62 81 0.4 0.3 0.4

Federal

35 10 21 1.2 0.4 0.8

State and local

53 52 60 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

121 67 92 0.5 0.3 0.4

South

174 127 160 0.4 0.3 0.3

Midwest

115 73 133 0.4 0.2 0.4

West

91 67 74 0.3 0.2 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 13. Annual hires levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[in thousands]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

54,745 45,931 48,743 50,295 52,360 54,191

INDUSTRY

Total private

51,316 42,703 44,914 47,183 48,915 50,718

Mining and logging

348 184 283 339 381 356

Construction

4,442 3,680 4,018 4,191 3,968 3,817

Manufacturing

3,582 2,731 3,149 3,041 2,981 2,879

Durable goods

2,063 1,415 1,803 1,772 1,793 1,731

Nondurable goods

1,516 1,320 1,347 1,268 1,187 1,147

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,326 9,297 9,744 10,012 10,474 11,143

Wholesale trade

1,772 1,372 1,402 1,508 1,560 1,444

Retail trade

7,814 6,287 6,738 6,814 6,991 7,782

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

1,745 1,638 1,601 1,688 1,923 1,917

Information

752 662 645 740 768 830

Financial activities

2,525 2,000 2,016 1,879 2,183 2,380

Finance and insurance

1,621 1,193 1,337 1,190 1,412 1,548

Real estate and rental and leasing

902 809 681 691 769 831

Professional and business services

9,917 8,178 9,431 10,456 10,597 11,115

Education and health services

6,470 6,023 5,859 5,806 6,234 6,433

Educational services

910 843 893 951 886 901

Health care and social assistance

5,560 5,178 4,966 4,859 5,348 5,531

Leisure and hospitality

9,750 7,763 7,817 8,507 9,106 9,554

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,454 1,189 1,324 1,451 1,551 1,530

Accommodation and food services

8,296 6,573 6,494 7,056 7,559 8,024

Other services

2,204 2,182 1,946 2,217 2,226 2,213

Government

3,428 3,228 3,828 3,109 3,448 3,475

Federal

317 456 1,044 335 365 364

State and local

3,109 2,773 2,785 2,775 3,084 3,109

REGION(2)

Northeast

8,847 8,226 8,667 8,436 8,443 8,648

South

20,741 17,342 18,297 19,211 20,730 21,284

Midwest

11,942 9,858 11,160 11,600 11,624 11,917

West

13,211 10,506 10,617 11,049 11,566 12,343

Footnotes
(1) The annual hires level is the total number of hires during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 14. Annual hires rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[percent]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

39.9 35.0 37.4 38.1 39.0 39.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

44.8 39.3 41.7 43.0 43.6 44.3

Mining and logging

45.4 26.5 40.1 43.0 44.9 41.0

Construction

62.0 61.2 72.8 75.7 70.3 65.5

Manufacturing

26.7 23.1 27.3 25.9 25.0 24.0

Durable goods

24.4 19.4 25.5 24.4 24.0 23.0

Nondurable goods

30.7 28.9 30.2 28.5 26.6 25.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

43.1 37.3 39.6 39.9 41.1 43.1

Wholesale trade

29.8 24.6 25.7 27.2 27.5 25.1

Retail trade

51.1 43.3 46.7 46.5 47.1 51.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

34.4 34.1 33.7 34.8 38.7 38.0

Information

25.2 23.6 23.8 27.6 28.7 30.9

Financial activities

30.8 25.5 26.2 24.4 28.0 30.2

Finance and insurance

26.7 20.4 23.2 20.6 24.2 26.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

42.3 40.6 35.2 35.9 39.3 41.5

Professional and business services

55.9 49.3 56.4 60.3 59.1 59.9

Education and health services

33.8 30.8 29.5 28.7 30.1 30.5

Educational services

29.9 27.3 28.3 29.3 26.5 26.9

Health care and social assistance

34.5 31.5 29.7 28.6 30.8 31.2

Leisure and hospitality

72.6 59.4 59.9 63.7 66.1 67.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

73.8 62.1 69.2 75.6 78.8 75.2

Accommodation and food services

72.4 58.9 58.3 61.7 64.1 65.7

Other services

40.0 40.7 36.5 41.4 41.0 40.5

Government

15.2 14.3 17.0 14.1 15.7 15.9

Federal

11.5 16.1 35.1 11.7 12.9 13.2

State and local

15.7 14.1 14.3 14.4 16.1 16.3

REGION(2)

Northeast

34.3 32.9 34.9 33.7 33.5 33.8

South

41.8 36.5 38.7 40.1 42.6 43.0

Midwest

38.3 33.1 37.8 38.7 38.3 38.7

West

43.3 36.3 37.1 38.2 38.7 40.4

Footnotes
(1) The annual hires rate is the number of hires during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 15. Annual total separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[in thousands]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

58,227 51,127 47,750 48,220 50,070 51,837

INDUSTRY

Total private

54,932 47,815 43,631 44,763 46,573 48,329

Mining and logging

316 295 212 240 359 324

Construction

5,217 4,767 4,247 3,984 3,862 3,639

Manufacturing

4,449 4,130 3,054 2,827 2,807 2,797

Durable goods

2,690 2,509 1,683 1,542 1,650 1,653

Nondurable goods

1,760 1,620 1,371 1,285 1,156 1,144

Trade, transportation, and utilities

12,418 10,469 9,401 9,485 10,080 10,580

Wholesale trade

2,003 1,695 1,401 1,386 1,466 1,351

Retail trade

8,543 6,846 6,534 6,513 6,833 7,418

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

1,873 1,927 1,470 1,587 1,780 1,813

Information

867 830 707 739 782 832

Financial activities

2,730 2,350 2,077 1,846 2,089 2,304

Finance and insurance

1,762 1,421 1,363 1,160 1,348 1,524

Real estate and rental and leasing

969 930 714 684 740 782

Professional and business services

10,733 8,936 8,892 9,870 10,009 10,471

Education and health services

5,963 5,698 5,536 5,417 5,747 6,086

Educational services

813 823 812 821 861 873

Health care and social assistance

5,148 4,875 4,723 4,593 4,885 5,213

Leisure and hospitality

9,984 8,062 7,581 8,196 8,646 9,116

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,479 1,250 1,285 1,478 1,452 1,472

Accommodation and food services

8,503 6,811 6,299 6,719 7,195 7,643

Other services

2,260 2,280 1,924 2,158 2,192 2,176

Government

3,295 3,312 4,116 3,459 3,498 3,506

Federal

305 405 994 370 385 446

State and local

2,987 2,905 3,122 3,088 3,114 3,060

REGION(2)

Northeast

9,505 8,877 8,637 8,115 8,238 8,519

South

21,853 18,910 17,659 18,497 19,769 20,186

Midwest

12,572 11,138 10,891 11,100 11,248 11,167

West

14,292 12,202 10,564 10,511 10,816 11,964

Footnotes
(1) The annual total separations level is the total number of total separations during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 16. Annual total separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[percent]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

42.4 39.0 36.7 36.6 37.3 38.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

47.9 44.0 40.5 40.8 41.5 42.2

Mining and logging

41.3 42.5 30.1 30.5 42.3 37.3

Construction

72.8 79.2 77.0 72.0 68.4 62.5

Manufacturing

33.2 34.9 26.5 24.1 23.5 23.3

Durable goods

31.8 34.4 23.8 21.2 22.1 21.9

Nondurable goods

35.6 35.5 30.7 28.9 25.9 25.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

47.2 42.0 38.2 37.8 39.6 40.9

Wholesale trade

33.7 30.3 25.7 25.0 25.9 23.5

Retail trade

55.9 47.1 45.2 44.4 46.0 49.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

37.0 40.2 31.0 32.7 35.8 35.9

Information

29.1 29.6 26.1 27.6 29.2 31.0

Financial activities

33.3 30.0 27.0 24.0 26.8 29.2

Finance and insurance

29.0 24.3 23.7 20.1 23.1 25.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

45.5 46.6 36.9 35.5 37.9 39.1

Professional and business services

60.5 53.9 53.2 56.9 55.8 56.4

Education and health services

31.1 29.1 27.8 26.8 27.8 28.8

Educational services

26.7 26.6 25.7 25.3 25.8 26.1

Health care and social assistance

31.9 29.6 28.2 27.1 28.1 29.4

Leisure and hospitality

74.3 61.7 58.1 61.4 62.8 64.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75.1 65.2 67.2 77.0 73.7 72.4

Accommodation and food services

74.2 61.0 56.6 58.8 61.0 62.6

Other services

41.0 42.5 36.1 40.3 40.4 39.8

Government

14.6 14.7 18.3 15.7 16.0 16.0

Federal

11.0 14.3 33.4 12.9 13.7 16.1

State and local

15.1 14.7 16.0 16.1 16.3 16.0

REGION(2)

Northeast

36.8 35.5 34.8 32.4 32.7 33.3

South

44.0 39.8 37.3 38.6 40.6 40.8

Midwest

40.3 37.4 36.8 37.1 37.1 36.3

West

46.8 42.2 36.9 36.3 36.2 39.2

Footnotes
(1) The annual total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 17. Annual quits levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[in thousands]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

30,355 21,030 22,057 23,533 25,081 27,619

INDUSTRY

Total private

28,774 19,853 20,748 22,149 23,535 26,052

Mining and logging

181 85 89 141 194 168

Construction

1,604 888 901 947 975 1,180

Manufacturing

1,883 1,038 1,135 1,252 1,296 1,338

Durable goods

1,046 506 567 644 711 747

Nondurable goods

836 535 568 610 587 589

Trade, transportation, and utilities

6,726 4,679 4,921 5,215 5,562 6,018

Wholesale trade

944 559 540 618 698 697

Retail trade

4,857 3,407 3,727 3,871 3,995 4,437

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

924 714 653 726 868 882

Information

446 382 349 406 442 446

Financial activities

1,421 879 1,010 981 1,086 1,181

Finance and insurance

957 577 668 648 706 794

Real estate and rental and leasing

462 302 343 331 381 387

Professional and business services

5,211 3,393 3,987 4,438 4,388 5,295

Education and health services

3,498 2,977 2,987 2,998 3,302 3,594

Educational services

378 315 356 380 406 399

Health care and social assistance

3,121 2,660 2,630 2,620 2,895 3,194

Leisure and hospitality

6,582 4,519 4,415 4,796 5,224 5,678

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

541 400 453 518 530 567

Accommodation and food services

6,040 4,121 3,965 4,275 4,695 5,113

Other services

1,223 1,017 952 976 1,068 1,159

Government

1,581 1,175 1,308 1,385 1,545 1,569

Federal

102 83 144 111 131 136

State and local

1,480 1,093 1,165 1,276 1,415 1,433

REGION(2)

Northeast

4,446 3,138 3,477 3,377 3,689 3,896

South

12,298 8,471 8,888 9,533 10,507 11,417

Midwest

6,615 4,541 5,000 5,485 5,651 6,245

West

6,996 4,877 4,690 5,137 5,231 6,064

Footnotes
(1) The annual quits level is the total number of quits during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 18. Annual quits rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[percent]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

22.1 16.0 16.9 17.8 18.7 20.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

25.1 18.3 19.2 20.2 21.0 22.8

Mining and logging

23.6 12.2 12.6 17.9 22.9 19.4

Construction

22.4 14.8 16.3 17.1 17.3 20.3

Manufacturing

14.0 8.8 9.8 10.7 10.9 11.1

Durable goods

12.4 6.9 8.0 8.9 9.5 9.9

Nondurable goods

16.9 11.7 12.7 13.7 13.2 13.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

25.6 18.8 20.0 20.8 21.8 23.3

Wholesale trade

15.9 10.0 9.9 11.1 12.3 12.1

Retail trade

31.8 23.5 25.8 26.4 26.9 29.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

18.2 14.9 13.8 15.0 17.5 17.5

Information

14.9 13.6 12.9 15.2 16.5 16.6

Financial activities

17.3 11.2 13.1 12.7 14.0 15.0

Finance and insurance

15.8 9.9 11.6 11.2 12.1 13.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

21.7 15.1 17.7 17.2 19.5 19.3

Professional and business services

29.4 20.5 23.8 25.6 24.5 28.5

Education and health services

18.3 15.2 15.0 14.8 16.0 17.0

Educational services

12.4 10.2 11.3 11.7 12.2 11.9

Health care and social assistance

19.4 16.2 15.7 15.4 16.7 18.0

Leisure and hospitality

49.0 34.6 33.8 35.9 37.9 39.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

27.5 20.9 23.7 27.0 26.9 27.9

Accommodation and food services

52.7 36.9 35.6 37.4 39.8 41.9

Other services

22.2 18.9 17.9 18.2 19.7 21.2

Government

7.0 5.2 5.8 6.3 7.0 7.2

Federal

3.7 2.9 4.8 3.9 4.6 4.9

State and local

7.5 5.5 6.0 6.6 7.4 7.5

REGION(2)

Northeast

17.2 12.6 14.0 13.5 14.6 15.2

South

24.8 17.8 18.8 19.9 21.6 23.1

Midwest

21.2 15.2 16.9 18.3 18.6 20.3

West

22.9 16.9 16.4 17.8 17.5 19.9

Footnotes
(1) The annual quits rate is the number of quits during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 19. Annual layoffs and discharges levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[in thousands]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

24,028 26,444 21,829 20,805 20,892 19,964

INDUSTRY

Total private

22,920 24,916 19,786 19,473 19,706 18,797

Mining and logging

112 186 94 83 144 132

Construction

3,389 3,743 3,156 2,868 2,769 2,328

Manufacturing

2,245 2,812 1,679 1,327 1,252 1,187

Durable goods

1,439 1,822 961 741 779 739

Nondurable goods

805 994 719 586 473 449

Trade, transportation, and utilities

4,750 4,920 3,687 3,400 3,583 3,578

Wholesale trade

947 990 737 586 638 534

Retail trade

3,026 2,861 2,320 2,157 2,246 2,353

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

774 1,070 628 660 696 693

Information

349 380 293 277 276 313

Financial activities

1,054 1,277 778 660 626 711

Finance and insurance

627 699 461 358 340 401

Real estate and rental and leasing

427 578 318 306 285 310

Professional and business services

4,970 4,954 4,315 4,820 5,021 4,689

Education and health services

2,012 2,232 2,125 1,874 1,949 1,927

Educational services

390 455 408 372 390 418

Health care and social assistance

1,621 1,777 1,718 1,500 1,559 1,511

Leisure and hospitality

3,097 3,265 2,811 3,115 3,086 3,040

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

893 817 793 930 895 868

Accommodation and food services

2,204 2,449 2,016 2,187 2,193 2,171

Other services

944 1,145 854 1,048 1,001 886

Government

1,108 1,527 2,042 1,333 1,187 1,166

Federal

106 217 738 134 128 157

State and local

1,003 1,311 1,309 1,198 1,059 1,010

REGION(2)

Northeast

4,298 5,045 4,410 4,031 3,762 3,781

South

8,232 9,099 7,422 7,560 7,773 7,258

Midwest

5,081 5,782 5,019 4,694 4,652 4,026

West

6,414 6,516 4,982 4,521 4,706 4,901

Footnotes
(1) The annual layoffs and discharges level is the total number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 20. Annual layoffs and discharges rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[percent]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

17.5 20.2 16.8 15.8 15.6 14.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

20.0 22.9 18.4 17.7 17.6 16.4

Mining and logging

14.6 26.8 13.3 10.5 17.0 15.2

Construction

47.3 62.2 57.2 51.8 49.0 40.0

Manufacturing

16.7 23.7 14.6 11.3 10.5 9.9

Durable goods

17.0 25.0 13.6 10.2 10.4 9.8

Nondurable goods

16.3 21.8 16.1 13.2 10.6 10.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

18.1 19.8 15.0 13.6 14.1 13.8

Wholesale trade

15.9 17.7 13.5 10.6 11.3 9.3

Retail trade

19.8 19.7 16.1 14.7 15.1 15.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

15.3 22.3 13.2 13.6 14.0 13.7

Information

11.7 13.6 10.8 10.3 10.3 11.7

Financial activities

12.8 16.3 10.1 8.6 8.0 9.0

Finance and insurance

10.3 12.0 8.0 6.2 5.8 6.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

20.0 29.0 16.4 15.9 14.6 15.5

Professional and business services

28.0 29.9 25.8 27.8 28.0 25.3

Education and health services

10.5 11.4 10.7 9.3 9.4 9.1

Educational services

12.8 14.7 12.9 11.4 11.7 12.5

Health care and social assistance

10.1 10.8 10.3 8.8 9.0 8.5

Leisure and hospitality

23.1 25.0 21.5 23.3 22.4 21.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

45.3 42.6 41.5 48.5 45.5 42.7

Accommodation and food services

19.2 21.9 18.1 19.1 18.6 17.8

Other services

17.1 21.3 16.0 19.6 18.4 16.2

Government

4.9 6.8 9.1 6.0 5.4 5.3

Federal

3.8 7.7 24.8 4.7 4.5 5.7

State and local

5.1 6.6 6.7 6.2 5.5 5.3

REGION(2)

Northeast

16.6 20.2 17.8 16.1 14.9 14.8

South

16.6 19.1 15.7 15.8 16.0 14.7

Midwest

16.3 19.4 17.0 15.7 15.3 13.1

West

21.0 22.5 17.4 15.6 15.8 16.1

Footnotes
(1) The annual layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 21. Annual other separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[in thousands]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

3,845 3,654 3,864 3,882 4,100 4,254

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,240 3,045 3,098 3,143 3,333 3,483

Mining and logging

23 24 25 20 22 26

Construction

225 132 193 168 120 131

Manufacturing

324 277 240 246 260 273

Durable goods

203 184 154 154 163 166

Nondurable goods

119 95 85 89 96 107

Trade, transportation, and utilities

943 870 797 873 937 983

Wholesale trade

111 146 126 182 127 122

Retail trade

657 581 486 488 592 627

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

175 143 185 201 217 236

Information

69 69 65 56 65 75

Financial activities

255 192 286 205 378 414

Finance and insurance

177 143 232 156 306 327

Real estate and rental and leasing

78 51 54 49 73 85

Professional and business services

554 590 588 611 598 486

Education and health services

452 489 423 544 494 568

Educational services

48 52 47 70 64 57

Health care and social assistance

401 436 375 476 429 510

Leisure and hospitality

304 278 355 287 333 400

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

43 34 39 29 28 36

Accommodation and food services

262 242 317 256 306 361

Other services

93 118 121 133 123 131

Government

604 609 765 740 768 772

Federal

99 107 116 127 127 154

State and local

505 502 652 613 640 619

REGION(2)

Northeast

757 691 748 703 789 842

South

1,331 1,346 1,357 1,409 1,487 1,517

Midwest

875 813 871 920 945 903

West

878 806 891 851 876 996

Footnotes
(1) The annual other separations level is the total number of other separations during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 22. Annual other separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
[percent]
Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total

2.8 2.8 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0

Mining and logging

3.0 3.5 3.5 2.5 2.6 3.0

Construction

3.1 2.2 3.5 3.0 2.1 2.2

Manufacturing

2.4 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3

Durable goods

2.4 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2

Nondurable goods

2.4 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.6 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade

1.9 2.6 2.3 3.3 2.2 2.1

Retail trade

4.3 4.0 3.4 3.3 4.0 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

3.5 3.0 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.7

Information

2.3 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.8

Financial activities

3.1 2.4 3.7 2.7 4.9 5.3

Finance and insurance

2.9 2.4 4.0 2.7 5.3 5.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

3.7 2.6 2.8 2.5 3.7 4.2

Professional and business services

3.1 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.3 2.6

Education and health services

2.4 2.5 2.1 2.7 2.4 2.7

Educational services

1.6 1.7 1.5 2.2 1.9 1.7

Health care and social assistance

2.5 2.6 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

2.3 2.1 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2.2 1.8 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.8

Accommodation and food services

2.3 2.2 2.8 2.2 2.6 3.0

Other services

1.7 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.4

Government

2.7 2.7 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5

Federal

3.6 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.5 5.6

State and local

2.6 2.5 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.2

REGION(2)

Northeast

2.9 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.1 3.3

South

2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.1

Midwest

2.8 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.1 2.9

West

2.9 2.8 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.3

Footnotes
(1) The annual other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Last Modified Date: March 11, 2014