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Economic News Release
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Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

                                   
For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 13, 2012       USDL-12-0447

Technical information:   (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:           (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


            Job Openings and Labor Turnover – January 2012

There were 3.5 million job openings on the last business day of
January, unchanged from December, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
reported today. The hires rate (3.1 percent) and separations rate (3.0
percent) were little changed over the month. The job openings rate has
trended upward since the end of the recession in June 2009. (Recession
dates are determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research.)
This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job
openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry
and by geographic region for January 2012. The release also includes
2011 annual estimates for hires and separations. The annual totals for
hires and quits increased in 2011 while the annual total for layoffs
and discharges decreased.

Job Openings

The number of job openings in January was 3.5 million, unchanged from
December. (See table 1.) Although the number of job openings remained
below the 4.3 million openings when the recession began in December
2007, the number of job openings has increased 45 percent since the
end of the recession in June 2009.

__________________________________________________________________________
|                     Revisions to the JOLTS Data                        |
|Effective with this release, revisions incorporating improvements to the|
|JOLTS birth-death model have been made to the full data series for job  |
|openings, hires, and separations. In addition, data from January 2007   |
|forward incorporate annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics |
|employment estimates and the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey     |
|seasonal adjustment factors. See page 5 for more information on all the |
|revisions. Also effective with this release, JOLTS is adopting the 2012 |
|version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).   |
|Changes in the 2012 NAICS structure are minor and do not impact the     |
|published JOLTS data series.                                            |
__________________________________________________________________________

Table A.  Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally
adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   |    Job openings    |       Hires        | Total separations
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
     Industry      | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan.
                   | 2011 | 2011 | 2012p| 2011 | 2011 | 2012p| 2011 | 2011 | 2012p
-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
                   |                     Levels (in thousands)
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..............|2,860 |3,540 |3,459 |3,934 |4,188 |4,158 |3,816 |4,023 |3,944
                   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..|2,536 |3,188 |3,107 |3,671 |3,889 |3,835 |3,560 |3,695 |3,619
  Construction.....|   67 |   78 |   82 |  288 |  315 |  307 |  309 |  303 |  290
  Manufacturing....|  212 |  252 |  285 |  259 |  269 |  246 |  223 |  239 |  213
  Trade, trans-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   portation, and  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   utilities(2)....|  502 |  574 |  554 |  834 |  812 |  822 |  784 |  773 |  810
   Retail trade....|  282 |  323 |  317 |  568 |  517 |  552 |  533 |  509 |  566
  Professional     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and business    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services........|  478 |  785 |  729 |  827 |  818 |  779 |  772 |  792 |  705
  Education and    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   health ser-     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   vices(3)........|  506 |  605 |  611 |  439 |  494 |  499 |  423 |  468 |  481
   Health care     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and social     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    assistance.....|  443 |  552 |  554 |  358 |  414 |  419 |  355 |  402 |  398
  Leisure and      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   hospitality.....|  294 |  441 |  437 |  621 |  743 |  768 |  624 |  695 |  708
   Arts, enter-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    tainment and   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    recreation.....|   37 |   44 |   79 |   95 |  141 |  146 |  104 |  133 |  125
   Accommodation   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and food       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    services.......|  257 |  397 |  358 |  527 |  602 |  622 |  520 |  562 |  582
 Government(4).....|  325 |  352 |  352 |  263 |  299 |  323 |  256 |  328 |  325
  State and local  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   government......|  258 |  301 |  302 |  231 |  270 |  303 |  227 |  292 |  299
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
                   |                       Rates (percent)
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..............|  2.1 |  2.6 |  2.5 |  3.0 |  3.2 |  3.1 |  2.9 |  3.0 |  3.0
                   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..|  2.3 |  2.8 |  2.7 |  3.4 |  3.5 |  3.5 |  3.3 |  3.4 |  3.3
  Construction.....|  1.2 |  1.4 |  1.5 |  5.3 |  5.7 |  5.5 |  5.7 |  5.5 |  5.2
  Manufacturing....|  1.8 |  2.1 |  2.3 |  2.2 |  2.3 |  2.1 |  1.9 |  2.0 |  1.8
  Trade, trans-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   portation, and  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   utilities(2)....|  2.0 |  2.2 |  2.1 |  3.4 |  3.2 |  3.3 |  3.2 |  3.1 |  3.2
   Retail trade....|  1.9 |  2.1 |  2.1 |  3.9 |  3.5 |  3.7 |  3.7 |  3.5 |  3.8
  Professional     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and business    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services........|  2.7 |  4.3 |  4.0 |  4.8 |  4.6 |  4.4 |  4.5 |  4.5 |  4.0
  Education and    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   health ser-     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   vices(3)........|. 2.5 |  2.9 |  2.9 |  2.2 |  2.5 |  2.5 |  2.1 |  2.3 |  2.4
   Health care     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and social     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    assistance.....|. 2.6 |  3.2 |  3.2 |  2.2 |  2.5 |  2.5 |  2.2 |  2.4 |  2.4
  Leisure and      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   hospitality.....|  2.2 |  3.2 |  3.1 |  4.7 |  5.5 |  5.7 |  4.7 |  5.2 |  5.2
   Arts, enter-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    tainment and   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    recreation.....|  1.9 |  2.3 |  3.9 |  5.0 |  7.4 |  7.6 |  5.5 |  7.0 |  6.5
   Accommodation   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and food       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    services.......|  2.2 |  3.3 |  3.0 |  4.7 |  5.2 |  5.4 |  4.6 |  4.9 |  5.0
 Government(4).....|  1.4 |  1.6 |  1.6 |  1.2 |  1.4 |  1.5 |  1.2 |  1.5 |  1.5
  State and local  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   government......|  1.3 |  1.5 |  1.6 |  1.2 |  1.4 |  1.6 |  1.2 |  1.5 |  1.6
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and
other services, not shown separately.
  2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not
shown separately.
  3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  p = Preliminary

  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors, and a revised birth/death model.

The number of job openings in January (not seasonally adjusted)
increased over the year for total nonfarm and total private; the level
was little changed for government. Several industries had increases in
the number of job openings over the year. The Midwest and South
regions also experienced an increase in the number of job openings
over the year. (See table 5.)

Hires

In January, the hires rate was essentially unchanged at 3.1 percent
for total nonfarm. The hires rate was little changed over the month in
all industries and regions. (See table 2.) The number of hires in
January was 4.2 million, still below the 5.0 million hires at the
beginning of the recession (December 2007) but up 13 percent since the
end of the recession (June 2009).

Over the past 12 months, the hires rate (not seasonally adjusted) was
little changed for total nonfarm and total private but increased for
government. The hires rate rose over the year in mining and logging;
arts, entertainment, and recreation; and state and local government.
The hires rate fell over the year in federal government. In all four
regions, the hires rate was little changed over the year. (See table
6.)

Separations

The total separations figure includes voluntary quits, involuntary
layoffs and discharges, and other separations, including retirements.
Total separations is also referred to as turnover.

The seasonally adjusted total separations rate was little changed in
January for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table
3.) Over the year, the total separations rate (not seasonally
adjusted) was little changed for total nonfarm and total private but
increased for government. (See table 7.)

The quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or
ability to change jobs. In January, the quits rate was unchanged for
total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table 4.) The
number of quits rose to 2.0 million in January from 1.8 million at the
end of the recession in June 2009, although it remained below the 2.9
million recorded when the recession began in December 2007.

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) in January 2012
increased from January 2011 for total nonfarm, total private, and
government. One region—the Northeast—experienced an increase in the
number of quits over the year; the other regions had little change in
the number of quits. (See table 8.)

The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is
seasonally adjusted at the total nonfarm, total private, and
government levels. Beginning with this release, layoffs and discharges
is also seasonally adjusted for the regions. The layoffs and
discharges rate was essentially unchanged in January 2012 for total
nonfarm, total private, government, and in all four regions. The
number of layoffs and discharges for total nonfarm was 1.6 million in
January, down from 2.1 million at the end of the recession in June
2009. (See table B.)

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) for total
nonfarm and total private was little changed from January 2011 to
January 2012 but increased for government. Over the year, the number
of layoffs and discharges rose for educational services and state and
local government but fell for finance and insurance. In the regions,
the West experienced an increase in the number of layoffs and
discharges over the year while the South experienced a decrease. (See
table 9.)

Table B.  Layoffs and discharges, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       | Levels (in thousands) |    Rates (percent)
                       |------------------------------------------------
Industry and region(1) |  Jan. |  Dec. |  Jan. |  Jan. |  Dec. |  Jan.
                       |  2011 |  2011 |  2012p|  2011 |  2011 |  2012p
-----------------------|------------------------------------------------
Total..................| 1,659 | 1,685 | 1,646 |  1.3  |  1.3  |  1.2
 Total private.........| 1,577 | 1,572 | 1,517 |  1.5  |  1.4  |  1.4
 Government............|    82 |   112 |   129 |  0.4  |  0.5  |  0.6
                       |       |       |       |       |       |
                       |       |       |       |       |       |
 Northeast.............|   277 |   296 |   270 |  1.1  |  1.2  |  1.1
 South.................|   709 |   649 |   611 |  1.5  |  1.4  |  1.3
 Midwest...............|   376 |   354 |   353 |  1.3  |  1.2  |  1.2
 West..................|   298 |   386 |   411 |  1.0  |  1.3  |  1.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 For region definitions see footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary

  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors, and a revised birth/death model.

Beginning with this release, the other separations component of total
separations is seasonally adjusted at the total nonfarm, total
private, and government levels. Other separations include separations
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to
other locations of the same firm. In January 2012, there were 326,000
other separations for total nonfarm, 260,000 for total private, and
66,000 for government. (See table C.) The number of other separations
for total nonfarm in January 2012 was 11 percent higher than at the
end of the recession in June 2009.

Table C.  Other Separations, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------
                   | Levels (in thousands) |    Rates (percent)
                   |------------------------------------------------
     Industry      |  Jan. |  Dec. |  Jan. |  Jan. |  Dec. |  Jan.
                   |  2011 |  2011 |  2012p|  2011 |  2011 |  2012p
-------------------|------------------------------------------------
Total..............|   354 |   330 |   326 |  0.3  |  0.2  |  0.2
 Total private.....|   290 |   255 |   260 |  0.3  |  0.2  |  0.2
 Government........|    64 |    75 |    66 |  0.3  |  0.3  |  0.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------
  p = Preliminary

  NOTE: Data incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors, and a revised birth/death model.

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout
the business cycle. Net employment change results from the
relationship between hires and separations. When the number of hires
exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires
level is steady or declining. Conversely, when the number of hires is
less than the number of separations, employment declines, even if the
hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in January
2012, hires totaled 50.2 million and separations totaled 48.3 million,
yielding a net employment gain of 2.0 million. These figures include
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during
the year.

Annual Levels and Rates

This release contains the 2011 annual levels and rates for hires,
total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other
separations. Note that annual figures for job openings are not
calculated because job openings are measured on a stock, or point-in-
time, basis rather than on a flow basis over a specified time period.
The annual figures and additional tables are published with the
release of January data each year. (See the Technical Note for
additional information on these measures.)

Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons
across years. In 2011, annual hires, quits, and other separations
rose for the second year in a row while layoffs and discharges annual
levels fell for the second year in a row.

In 2011, annual hires increased to 50.1 million (38.1 percent of
employment) and annual total separations rose to 48.2 million (36.7
percent of employment). Annual quits increased to 23.6 million (17.9
percent of employment) in 2011. Annual other separations also
increased in 2011 to 3.9 million (3.0 percent of employment). Annual
layoffs and discharges decreased in 2011 to 20.7 million (15.8 percent
of employment). (See tables 11 through 20.)

____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for February 2012
are scheduled to be released on Tuesday, April 10, 2012 at 10:00 a.m.
(EDT).


           Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data

In accordance with annual practice, the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data have been revised to reflect annual
updates to the Current Employment Statistics (CES), or establishment
survey, employment estimates. The JOLTS employment levels (not
published) are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the
resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. This annual
benchmark process resulted in revisions to all not seasonally adjusted
JOLTS data series from April 2010 forward, the time period since the
last benchmark was established. Additionally, the seasonally adjusted
JOLTS data series have been recalculated from January 2007 forward to
reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. Further, the methodology
incorporated in 2009 to more closely align the hires and separations
estimates with the monthly payroll employment change created a
dependency of the not seasonally adjusted estimates on the seasonal
adjustment process. Therefore, the not seasonally adjusted data series
have been recalculated from January 2007 forward to reflect the
updated seasonal adjustment factors’ effect on the alignment process.

Effective with this release, BLS has implemented an improved
birth/death model in the JOLTS program. Data from December 2000
forward were revised using the improved model. The original
birth/death model was implemented in 2009 to provide an estimate for
that part of the population that cannot be captured in the traditional
sample. The improved model better distributes business births and
deaths throughout the calendar year. (See the Technical Note for a
more complete description of the revised birth/death model.)

Also effective with this release, several additional data series will
be published on a seasonally adjusted basis. Job openings, hires, and
separations data for the health care and social assistance industry
are available online and are published in this release in tables A, 1,
2, 3, and 4. Layoffs and discharges data by region are available
online and published in table B of this release. Other separations
data by ownership (total nonfarm, total private, and total government)
are available online and published in a new table C in this release.
The previous table C in this release has been dropped. The quits and
layoffs and discharges levels in the previous table C remain available
on the JOLTS website, enabling users to calculate the percentage
contribution to total separations that were contained in the table.

Tables D through I present revised total nonfarm data for January
through December 2011. The December 2011 revisions also reflect the
routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the final
December estimates. Table D (job openings), table E (hires), table F
(total separations), table G (quits), and table H (layoffs and
discharges) present revised data on a seasonally adjusted basis,
incorporating the new seasonal adjustment factors, benchmark level,
and birth/death model update. Table I (other separations) presents
revisions on a not seasonally adjusted basis since that series was not
available on a seasonally adjusted basis last year. Tables presenting
revisions to historical series will be available on the JOLTS website
in the near future.

The JOLTS website contains all revised historical seasonally adjusted
and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS data. The data can be accessed
through the JOLTS homepage at http://www.bls.gov/jlt/.

Further information on the revisions released today may be obtained by
calling (202) 691-5870 or via the Internet on the JOLTS homepage.



Table D. Revisions in job openings data January 2011 - December 2011,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2011   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    2,741   |  2,860  |    119     |     2.1    |  2.1    |    0.0
February..|    3,025   |  3,012  |    -13     |     2.3    |  2.3    |     .0
March.....|    3,123   |  3,189  |     66     |     2.3    |  2.4    |     .1
April.....|    2,953   |  3,014  |     61     |     2.2    |  2.2    |     .0
May.......|    3,034   |  3,077  |     43     |     2.3    |  2.3    |     .0
June......|    3,169   |  3,241  |     72     |     2.4    |  2.4    |     .0
July......|    3,213   |  3,366  |    153     |     2.4    |  2.5    |     .1
August....|    3,129   |  3,152  |     23     |     2.3    |  2.3    |     .0
September.|    3,377   |  3,501  |    124     |     2.5    |  2.6    |     .1
October...|    3,224   |  3,408  |    184     |     2.4    |  2.5    |     .1
November..|    3,118   |  3,274  |    156     |     2.3    |  2.4    |     .1
December..|    3,376   |  3,540  |    164     |     2.5    |  2.6    |     .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________



Table E. Revisions in hires data January 2011 - December 2011,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2011   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    3,769   |  3,934  |    165     |     2.9    |  3.0    |    0.1
February..|    3,986   |  4,089  |    103     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
March.....|    4,067   |  4,293  |    226     |     3.1    |  3.3    |     .2
April.....|    4,001   |  4,015  |     14     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
May.......|    4,129   |  4,182  |     53     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
June......|    4,058   |  4,208  |    150     |     3.1    |  3.2    |     .1
July......|    3,976   |  4,112  |    136     |     3.0    |  3.1    |     .1
August....|    4,060   |  4,221  |    161     |     3.1    |  3.2    |     .1
September.|    4,150   |  4,276  |    126     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
October...|    4,042   |  4,220  |    178     |     3.1    |  3.2    |     .1
November..|    4,132   |  4,268  |    136     |     3.1    |  3.2    |     .1
December..|    4,046   |  4,188  |    142     |     3.1    |  3.2    |     .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________



Table F. Revisions in total separations data January 2011 - December 2011,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2011   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    3,612   |  3,816  |    204     |     2.8    |  2.9    |    0.1
February..|    3,825   |  3,877  |     52     |     2.9    |  3.0    |     .1
March.....|    3,805   |  3,988  |    183     |     2.9    |  3.0    |     .1
April.....|    3,833   |  3,799  |    -34     |     2.9    |  2.9    |     .0
May.......|    4,145   |  4,177  |     32     |     3.2    |  3.2    |     .0
June......|    3,993   |  4,112  |    119     |     3.0    |  3.1    |     .1
July......|    3,962   |  4,023  |     61     |     3.0    |  3.1    |     .1
August....|    3,960   |  4,112  |    152     |     3.0    |  3.1    |     .1
September.|    4,052   |  4,089  |     37     |     3.1    |  3.1    |     .0
October...|    3,898   |  4,065  |    167     |     3.0    |  3.1    |     .1
November..|    3,986   |  4,057  |     71     |     3.0    |  3.1    |     .1
December..|    3,909   |  4,023  |    114     |     3.0    |  3.0    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________



Table G. Revisions in quits data January 2011 - December 2011,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2011   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    1,679   |  1,803  |    124     |     1.3    |  1.4    |    0.1
February..|    1,910   |  1,918  |      8     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
March.....|    1,924   |  1,979  |     55     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
April.....|    1,887   |  1,874  |    -13     |     1.4    |  1.4    |     .0
May.......|    2,000   |  1,996  |     -4     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
June......|    1,904   |  1,930  |     26     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
July......|    1,969   |  2,002  |     33     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
August....|    2,006   |  2,048  |     42     |     1.5    |  1.6    |     .1
September.|    2,000   |  2,015  |     15     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
October...|    1,923   |  1,983  |     60     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
November..|    1,955   |  1,976  |     21     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
December..|    1,926   |  2,008  |     82     |     1.5    |  1.5    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________



Table H. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data January 2011 - December 2011,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2011   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    1,541   |  1,659  |    118     |     1.2    |  1.3    |    0.1
February..|    1,620   |  1,624  |      4     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
March.....|    1,606   |  1,690  |     84     |     1.2    |  1.3    |     .1
April.....|    1,603   |  1,616  |     13     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
May.......|    1,837   |  1,843  |      6     |     1.4    |  1.4    |     .0
June......|    1,773   |  1,850  |     77     |     1.4    |  1.4    |     .0
July......|    1,694   |  1,681  |    -13     |     1.3    |  1.3    |     .0
August....|    1,687   |  1,755  |     68     |     1.3    |  1.3    |     .0
September.|    1,723   |  1,765  |     42     |     1.3    |  1.3    |     .0
October...|    1,595   |  1,740  |    145     |     1.2    |  1.3    |     .1
November..|    1,718   |  1,770  |     52     |     1.3    |  1.3    |     .0
December..|    1,644   |  1,685  |     41     |     1.2    |  1.3    |     .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________



Table I. Revisions in other separations data January 2011 - December 2011,
not seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2011   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|      462   |    456  |     -6     |     0.4    |  0.4    |    0.0
February..|      295   |    285  |    -10     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
March.....|      271   |    269  |     -2     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
April.....|      305   |    307  |      2     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
May.......|      311   |    324  |     13     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
June......|      392   |    385  |     -7     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
July......|      383   |    401  |     18     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
August....|      319   |    318  |     -1     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
September.|      305   |    299  |     -6     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
October...|      333   |    333  |      0     |      .3    |   .3    |     .0
November..|      237   |    243  |      6     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
December..|      330   |    323  |     -7     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
    NOTE: Data in this table are not seasonally adjusted because seasonally 
adjusted data for this series (from December 2000 forward) did not become 
available until 2012.




Technical Note


  The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS)
are collected and compiled monthly from a sample of business
establishments by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Collection

  In a monthly survey of business establishments, data are
collected for total employment, job openings, hires, quits, layoffs
and discharges, and other separations.  Data collection methods
include computer-assisted telephone interviewing, touchtone data
entry, web, fax, e-mail, and mail.

Coverage

  The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such
as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and
local government entities in the 50 states and the District of
Columbia.

Concepts

  Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this
release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS).  In order to
ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Workforce
Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the
industry code, location, and ownership classification of all
establishments on a 3-year cycle.  Changes in establishment
characteristics resulting from the verification process are always
introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame with the data reported for
the first month of the year.

  Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who
worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th
day of the reference month.  Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-
term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave.  Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay
period, are not counted as employed.  Employees of temporary help
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and
consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by the
establishment where they are working.

  Job openings.  Establishments submit job openings information for
the last business day of the reference month.  A job opening
requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work
available for that position, 2) work could start within 30 days
regardless of whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the
employer is actively recruiting from outside the establishment to
fill the position.  Included are full-time, part-time, permanent,
short-term, and seasonal openings.  Active recruiting means that
the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising
in newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted signs,
accepting applications, or using other similar methods.

  Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions,
demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded.  Also excluded are
jobs with start dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for
which employees have been hired but have not yet reported for work,
and jobs to be filled by employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants.
The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job
openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

  Hires.  Hires are the total number of additions to the payroll
occurring at any time during the reference month, including both
new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the
location after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or
intermittent employees who returned to work after having been
formally separated, and transfers from other locations.  The hires
count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting
site, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help
agencies or employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or
consultants.  The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of
hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

  Separations.  Separations are the total number of terminations of
employment occurring at any time during the reference month, and
are reported by type of separation--quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations.  Quits are voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations).  Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations
initiated by the employer and include layoffs with no intent to
rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last more than 7
days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings;
firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or
short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal employees.
Other separations include retirements, transfers to other
locations, deaths, and separations due to disability.  Separations
do not include transfers within the same location or employees on
strike.

  The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of
separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are
computed similarly, dividing the number by employment and
multiplying by 100.

  Annual estimates.  Annual estimates of rates and levels of hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total
separations are released with the January news release each year.

   The JOLTS annual level estimates for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels.  The annual rate estimates are
computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying
that quotient by 100.  This figure will be approximately equal to
the sum of the 12 monthly rates.  Note that both the JOLTS and CES
annual levels are rounded to the nearest thousand before the annual
estimates are calculated.  Consistent with BLS practices, annual
estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data.

  Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings because job
openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last
business day of each month.  Only jobs still open on the last day
of the month are counted.  For the same reason job openings cannot
be cumulated throughout each month, annual figures for job openings
cannot be created by summing the monthly estimates.  Hires and
separations are flow measures and are cumulated over the month with
a total reported for the month.  Therefore, the annual figures can
be created by summing the monthly estimates.

Special collection procedures

  An implied measure of employment change can be derived from the
JOLTS data by subtracting separations from hires for a given
month.  Aggregating these monthly changes historically produced
employment levels that overstated employment change as measured by
CES at the total nonfarm level.  Research into this problem showed
that a significant amount of the divergence between the CES
employment levels and the derived JOLTS employment levels was
traceable to the Employment Services industry and to the State
Government Education industry.  In the former industry, businesses
have a difficult time reporting hires and separations of temporary
help workers.  In the latter industry, employers have difficulty
reporting hires and separations of student workers.  BLS now
devotes additional resources to the collection, editing, and review
of data for these industries.  BLS analysts more closely examine
reported data that do not provide a consistent picture over time,
and re-contact the respondents as necessary.  Analysts work with
the respondents to adjust their reporting practices as possible.
Units that cannot be reconciled but are clearly incorrect on a
consistent basis are not used, they are replaced by imputed values
using standard techniques.

Sample and estimation methodology

  The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business establishments, including factories, offices, and
stores, as well as federal, state, and local governments in the 50
states and the District of Columbia.  The establishments are drawn
from a universe of over 9.1 million establishments compiled as part
of the operations of the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
(QCEW) program.  This program includes all employers subject to state
Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal agencies subject to
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE).

  The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, industry
sector, and establishment size class. The JOLTS sample is constructed
from individual panels of sample units drawn on an annual basis. The
full annual sample consists of one certainty panel composed of only
large units selected with virtual certainty based on their size and
24 non-certainty panels.  Each month a new non-certainty panel is
rolled into collection, and the oldest non-certainty panel is
rolled out.  This means that at any given time the JOLTS sample is
constructed from panels from three different annual sampling
frames.  The entire sample of old plus new panels is post-
stratified and re-weighted annually to represent the most recent
sampling frame.  Additionally, the out-of-business establishments
are removed from the old panels.  The annual sample is supplemented
with a quarterly sample of birth establishments (i.e., new
establishments) to better reflect the impact of younger
establishments in the JOLTS sample.

  JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked or ratio adjusted
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the Current
Employment Statistics (CES) survey.  A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment
is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

  JOLTS business birth/death model

  As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as
current as its sampling frame.  The time lag from the birth of an
establishment until its appearance on the sampling frame is
approximately one year.  In addition, many of these new units may
fail within the first year.  Since these universe units cannot be
reflected on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS
sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from
these units during their early existence.  BLS has developed a model
to estimate birth/death activity for current months by examining the
birth/death activity from previous years on the QCEW and projecting
forward using the ratio of over-the-year CES employment change. 
The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to estimate the
amount of “churn” (hires and separations) that exists in establishments
of various sizes.  The model then combines the estimated churn with
the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and
separations taking place in these units that cannot be measured
through sampling.

  The model-based estimate of total separations is distributed to
the three components–-quits; layoffs and discharges; and other
separations--in proportion to their contribution to the sample-
based estimate of total separations.  Additionally, job openings
for the modeled units are estimated by computing the ratio of
openings to hires in the collected data and applying that ratio to
the modeled hires.  The estimates of job openings, hires, and
separations produced by the birth/death model are then added to the
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

  BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using the X-12 ARIMA
seasonal adjustment program.  Seasonal adjustment is the process of
estimating and removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such
as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school
year.  Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental
changes in the level of the series, particularly those associated
with general economic expansions and contractions.  A concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant
data, up to and including the data for the current month.

  JOLTS uses moving averages as seasonal filters in seasonal
adjustment.  JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and
multiplicative seasonal adjustment models and REGARIMA (regression
with autocorrelated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to
detect and adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

  JOLTS hires minus separations should be comparable to the CES net
employment change.  However, definitional differences as well as
sampling and non-sampling errors between the two surveys
historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit
the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires and
separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly Alignment Method.
The Monthly Alignment Method applies the CES employment trends to
the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while
preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data.  First, the two
series are seasonally adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS
implied employment trend and the CES net employment change is
calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment trend is adjusted to
equal the CES net employment change through a proportional
adjustment. This proportional adjustment procedure adjusts the two
components (hires, separations) proportionally to their
contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations).  For
example, if hires are 40 percent of the churn for a given month,
they will receive 40 percent of the needed adjustment and
separations will receive 60 percent of the needed adjustment. The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors.  After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to
adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the
adjusted levels.  The monthly alignment procedure assures a close
match of the JOLTS implied employment trend with the CES trend. The
CES series is considered a highly accurate measure of net
employment change owing to its very large sample size and annual
benchmarking to universe counts of employment from the QCEW
program.

Historical changes in JOLTS data

  The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and separations are
relatively new.  The full sample is divided into panels, with one
panel enrolled each month.  A full complement of panels for the
original data series based on the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the
survey until January 2002.  The supplemental panels of
establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not completely
enrolled until May 2003.  The data collected up until those points
are from less than a full sample.  Therefore, estimates from
earlier months should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units
were reporting data at that time.

  In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires and
separations data were revised to address possible underreporting.
As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior
to March 2002 may not be comparable to estimates for March 2002 and
later.

  The federal government reorganization that involved transferring
approximately 180,000 employees to the new Department of Homeland
Security is not reflected in the JOLTS hires and separations
estimates for the federal government.  The Office of Personnel
Management's record shows these transfers were completed in March
2003.  The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS definitions of hires
and separations is intended to cover ongoing movements of workers
between establishments.  The Department of Homeland Security
reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the inclusion of
these intergovernmental transfers would distort the federal government
time series.

Reliability of the estimates

  JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error.  When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ
from the "true" population values they represent.  The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular
sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard
error of the estimate.  BLS analysis is generally conducted at the
90-percent level of confidence.  That means that there is a 90-
percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a
sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the
"true" population value because of sampling error.  Estimates of
sampling errors are available upon request.

  The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure
to include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain
data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by
respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the
data, and errors from the employment benchmark data used in
estimation.

Other information

  Information in this release will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request.  Voice phone: (202) 691-5200;
Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Jan.   Aug.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Jan.  Aug.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2012p

Total.................................     2,860  3,152  3,501  3,408  3,274  3,540  3,459    2.1   2.3   2.6   2.5   2.4   2.6   2.5

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  2,536  2,818  3,100  3,062  2,925  3,188  3,107    2.3   2.5   2.7   2.7   2.6   2.8   2.7
  Construction...........................     67    103     78     80     83     78     82    1.2   1.8   1.4   1.4   1.5   1.4   1.5
  Manufacturing..........................    212    238    249    240    240    252    285    1.8   2.0   2.1   2.0   2.0   2.1   2.3
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    502    491    599    594    581    574    554    2.0   1.9   2.3   2.3   2.3   2.2   2.1
   Retail trade..........................    282    321    359    334    316    323    317    1.9   2.1   2.4   2.2   2.1   2.1   2.1
  Professional and business services.....    478    622    692    644    561    785    729    2.7   3.5   3.8   3.6   3.1   4.3   4.0
  Education and health services(6)........   506    606    600    622    616    605    611    2.5   3.0   2.9   3.0   3.0   2.9   2.9
   Health care and social assistance         443    542    530    558    552    552    554    2.6   3.1   3.1   3.2   3.2   3.2   3.2
  Leisure and hospitality................    294    362    392    404    434    441    437    2.2   2.6   2.9   2.9   3.1   3.2   3.1
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     37     41     56     62     58     44     79    1.9   2.1   2.8   3.1   2.9   2.3   3.9
   Accommodation and food services.......    257    321    336    342    376    397    358    2.2   2.7   2.9   2.9   3.2   3.3   3.0
 Government(7).........................      325    334    400    345    349    352    352    1.4   1.5   1.8   1.5   1.6   1.6   1.6
  State and local government.............    258    287    345    279    299    301    302    1.3   1.5   1.8   1.4   1.5   1.5   1.6


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       579    552    606    573    557    595    591    2.3   2.2   2.4   2.2   2.2   2.3   2.3
  South...............................     1,045  1,135  1,335  1,310  1,306  1,443  1,434    2.2   2.3   2.7   2.7   2.7   2.9   2.9
  Midwest.............................       612    714    736    715    730    763    745    2.0   2.3   2.4   2.3   2.4   2.5   2.4
  West................................       625    750    824    811    682    740    689    2.1   2.5   2.8   2.7   2.3   2.5   2.3


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus
job openings.
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah,
Washington, and Wyoming.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors, and a revised birth/death model.

Table 2.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Jan.   Aug.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Jan.  Aug.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2012p

Total.................................     3,934  4,221  4,276  4,220  4,268  4,188  4,158    3.0   3.2   3.2   3.2   3.2   3.2   3.1

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,671  3,932  4,002  3,979  3,986  3,889  3,835    3.4   3.6   3.6   3.6   3.6   3.5   3.5
  Construction...........................    288    325    360    333    312    315    307    5.3   5.9   6.5   6.0   5.7   5.7   5.5
  Manufacturing..........................    259    257    240    240    237    269    246    2.2   2.2   2.0   2.0   2.0   2.3   2.1
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    834    823    810    840    849    812    822    3.4   3.3   3.2   3.3   3.4   3.2   3.3
   Retail trade..........................    568    544    567    559    573    517    552    3.9   3.7   3.9   3.8   3.9   3.5   3.7
  Professional and business services.....    827    890    911    893    858    818    779    4.8   5.1   5.2   5.1   4.9   4.6   4.4
  Education and health services(6)........   439    489    486    484    483    494    499    2.2   2.5   2.4   2.4   2.4   2.5   2.5
   Health care and social assistance         358    414    391    414    407    414    419    2.2   2.5   2.3   2.5   2.4   2.5   2.5
  Leisure and hospitality................    621    711    736    719    779    743    768    4.7   5.3   5.5   5.4   5.8   5.5   5.7
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     95    115    135    131    157    141    146    5.0   6.0   7.1   6.9   8.2   7.4   7.6
   Accommodation and food services.......    527    596    600    588    622    602    622    4.7   5.2   5.2   5.1   5.4   5.2   5.4
 Government(7).........................      263    290    275    241    281    299    323    1.2   1.3   1.2   1.1   1.3   1.4   1.5
  State and local government.............    231    263    248    215    252    270    303    1.2   1.4   1.3   1.1   1.3   1.4   1.6


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       647    685    664    684    691    676    680    2.6   2.7   2.6   2.7   2.7   2.7   2.7
  South...............................     1,461  1,617  1,626  1,656  1,626  1,634  1,613    3.1   3.4   3.4   3.5   3.4   3.4   3.4
  Midwest.............................       924    978    996    960  1,004    986    960    3.1   3.3   3.3   3.2   3.3   3.3   3.2
  West................................       902    942    990    919    947    891    904    3.2   3.3   3.4   3.2   3.3   3.1   3.1


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors, and a revised birth/death model.

Table 3.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Jan.   Aug.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Jan.  Aug.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2012p

Total.................................     3,816  4,112  4,089  4,065  4,057  4,023  3,944    2.9   3.1   3.1   3.1   3.1   3.0   3.0

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,560  3,835  3,808  3,781  3,750  3,695  3,619    3.3   3.5   3.5   3.4   3.4   3.4   3.3
  Construction...........................    309    338    324    325    300    303    290    5.7   6.1   5.9   5.9   5.4   5.5   5.2
  Manufacturing..........................    223    247    236    227    236    239    213    1.9   2.1   2.0   1.9   2.0   2.0   1.8
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    784    805    811    813    770    773    810    3.2   3.2   3.2   3.2   3.1   3.1   3.2
   Retail trade..........................    533    544    567    539    520    509    566    3.7   3.7   3.9   3.7   3.5   3.5   3.8
  Professional and business services.....    772    845    857    831    807    792    705    4.5   4.9   4.9   4.8   4.6   4.5   4.0
  Education and health services(6)........   423    460    409    450    462    468    481    2.1   2.3   2.0   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.4
   Health care and social assistance         355    382    342    386    396    402    398    2.2   2.3   2.0   2.3   2.4   2.4   2.4
  Leisure and hospitality................    624    716    716    663    715    695    708    4.7   5.4   5.4   5.0   5.3   5.2   5.2
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...    104    116    140    114    142    133    125    5.5   6.1   7.3   6.0   7.4   7.0   6.5
   Accommodation and food services.......    520    600    576    549    573    562    582    4.6   5.2   5.0   4.8   5.0   4.9   5.0
 Government(7).........................      256    276    281    285    307    328    325    1.2   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.4   1.5   1.5
  State and local government.............    227    245    250    253    268    292    299    1.2   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.4   1.5   1.6


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       595    677    660    702    667    631    667    2.4   2.7   2.6   2.8   2.7   2.5   2.6
  South...............................     1,524  1,578  1,607  1,537  1,609  1,592  1,529    3.2   3.3   3.4   3.2   3.4   3.3   3.2
  Midwest.............................       917    951    897    949    881    905    871    3.1   3.2   3.0   3.2   2.9   3.0   2.9
  West................................       780    906    925    877    899    895    877    2.7   3.1   3.2   3.0   3.1   3.1   3.0


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors, and a revised birth/death model.

Table 4.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Jan.   Aug.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Jan.  Aug.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2011   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2011  2012p

Total.................................     1,803  2,048  2,015  1,983  1,976  2,008  1,972    1.4   1.6   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.5

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  1,693  1,932  1,902  1,869  1,860  1,867  1,843    1.6   1.8   1.7   1.7   1.7   1.7   1.7
  Construction...........................     65     69     80     80     91     76     71    1.2   1.3   1.4   1.5   1.7   1.4   1.3
  Manufacturing..........................     96     99     99    105    121    113     95     .8    .8    .8    .9   1.0   1.0    .8
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    377    439    456    461    413    447    437    1.5   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.6   1.8   1.7
   Retail trade..........................    275    327    336    330    294    331    325    1.9   2.2   2.3   2.2   2.0   2.2   2.2
  Professional and business services.....    355    387    395    368    380    363    339    2.1   2.2   2.3   2.1   2.2   2.1   1.9
  Education and health services(6)........   231    270    244    242    247    265    274    1.2   1.4   1.2   1.2   1.2   1.3   1.4
   Health care and social assistance         201    223    215    215    225    233    245    1.2   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.4   1.5
  Leisure and hospitality................    370    439    403    374    370    388    396    2.8   3.3   3.0   2.8   2.8   2.9   2.9
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     36     45     45     41     36     48     40    1.9   2.4   2.4   2.1   1.9   2.5   2.1
   Accommodation and food services.......    334    394    358    334    335    340    356    3.0   3.4   3.1   2.9   2.9   2.9   3.1
 Government(7).........................      110    116    114    114    116    141    130     .5    .5    .5    .5    .5    .6    .6
  State and local government.............    102    106    104    102    106    131    121     .5    .6    .5    .5    .6    .7    .6


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       253    283    281    288    275    279    333    1.0   1.1   1.1   1.1   1.1   1.1   1.3
  South...............................       699    831    877    782    830    816    783    1.5   1.7   1.8   1.6   1.7   1.7   1.6
  Midwest.............................       441    495    425    477    443    469    442    1.5   1.7   1.4   1.6   1.5   1.6   1.5
  West................................       410    439    433    436    428    445    415    1.4   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.4


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current
Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment
factors, and a revised birth/death model.

Table 5.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Jan.     Dec.     Jan.          Jan.     Dec.     Jan.
                                                   2011     2011     2012p         2011     2011     2012p

Total...........................................  3,020    3,118    3,638           2.3      2.3      2.7

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  2,719    2,779    3,310           2.5      2.5      3.0
  Mining and Logging............................     40       28       23           5.3      3.3      2.7
  Construction..................................     61       52       74           1.2       .9      1.4
  Manufacturing.................................    218      218      294           1.9      1.8      2.4
   Durable goods................................    143      149      223           2.0      2.0      2.9
   Nondurable goods.............................     75       69       71           1.7      1.5      1.6
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    501      443      554           2.0      1.7      2.2
   Wholesale trade..............................    128       94      147           2.3      1.7      2.6
   Retail trade.................................    265      235      299           1.8      1.5      2.0
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    108      114      108           2.2      2.2      2.2
  Information...................................    104      103       93           3.8      3.7      3.4
  Financial activities..........................    264      176      255           3.3      2.2      3.2
   Finance and insurance........................    230      156      199           3.8      2.6      3.4
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     34       20       56           1.8      1.0      2.8
  Professional and business services............    551      748      839           3.2      4.1      4.6
  Education and health services.................    554      573      671           2.8      2.8      3.2
   Educational services.........................     65       45       56           2.0      1.3      1.7
   Health care and social assistance............    490      528      614           2.9      3.0      3.5
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    266      332      387           2.1      2.5      2.9
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     31       26       65           1.8      1.5      3.7
   Accommodation and food services.............     235      306      322           2.1      2.6      2.8
  Other services................................    159      107      121           2.9      2.0      2.2

 Government.....................................    301      338      328           1.3      1.5      1.5
  Federal.......................................     58       50       46           2.0      1.7      1.6
  State and local...............................    242      289      282           1.2      1.5      1.5

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    621      506      631           2.5      2.0      2.5
  South.........................................  1,122    1,329    1,535           2.4      2.7      3.1
  Midwest.......................................    607      648      738           2.0      2.1      2.4
  West..........................................    671      633      734           2.3      2.1      2.5


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a
percent of total employment plus job openings.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics
employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 6.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Jan.     Dec.     Jan.          Jan.     Dec.     Jan.
                                                   2011     2011     2012p         2011     2011     2012p

Total...........................................  3,801    3,038    3,993           3.0      2.3      3.1

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  3,542    2,856    3,668           3.3      2.6      3.4
  Mining and Logging............................     24       20       41           3.3      2.4      5.0
  Construction..................................    239      199      252           4.7      3.7      4.9
  Manufacturing.................................    284      171      271           2.5      1.4      2.3
   Durable goods................................    178      108      167           2.5      1.5      2.3
   Nondurable goods.............................    106       64      105           2.4      1.4      2.4
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    711      635      704           2.9      2.5      2.8
   Wholesale trade..............................    143      101      139           2.6      1.8      2.5
   Retail trade.................................    442      385      431           3.1      2.5      2.9
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    125      149      134           2.6      3.0      2.8
  Information...................................     62       52       55           2.4      2.0      2.1
  Financial activities..........................    161      124      171           2.1      1.6      2.2
   Finance and insurance........................    105       86      115           1.8      1.5      2.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     57       38       56           3.0      2.0      3.0
  Professional and business services............    914      663      857           5.5      3.7      4.9
  Education and health services.................    453      347      514           2.3      1.7      2.6
   Educational services.........................     82       41       82           2.6      1.2      2.6
   Health care and social assistance............    371      307      431           2.3      1.8      2.6
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    510      515      627           4.1      3.9      4.9
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     74       96      113           4.5      5.5      6.7
   Accommodation and food services.............     435      419      513           4.0      3.7      4.6
  Other services................................    184      131      176           3.5      2.5      3.3

 Government.....................................    259      181      324           1.2       .8      1.5
  Federal.......................................     31       23       19           1.1       .8       .7
  State and local...............................    228      158      305           1.2       .8      1.6

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    609      492      636           2.5      1.9      2.6
  South.........................................  1,475    1,204    1,617           3.2      2.5      3.4
  Midwest.......................................    857      683      880           2.9      2.3      3.0
  West..........................................    861      659      860           3.1      2.3      3.0


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics
employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 7.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Jan.     Dec.     Jan.          Jan.     Dec.     Jan.
                                                   2011     2011     2012p         2011     2011     2012p

Total...........................................  4,407    3,903    4,475           3.4      2.9      3.4

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  4,164    3,618    4,174           3.9      3.3      3.8
  Mining and Logging............................     18       26       30           2.4      3.1      3.7
  Construction..................................    398      341      366           7.9      6.3      7.1
  Manufacturing.................................    253      210      240           2.2      1.8      2.0
   Durable goods................................    133      115      130           1.9      1.6      1.8
   Nondurable goods.............................    120       94      110           2.7      2.1      2.5
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........  1,077      847    1,081           4.4      3.3      4.3
   Wholesale trade..............................    150      121      140           2.8      2.2      2.5
   Retail trade.................................    764      521      786           5.3      3.4      5.4
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    163      205      156           3.4      4.1      3.2
  Information...................................     84       61       82           3.2      2.3      3.2
  Financial activities..........................    213      136      227           2.8      1.8      3.0
   Finance and insurance........................    113       99      140           2.0      1.7      2.4
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........    100       37       87           5.3      1.9      4.6
  Professional and business services............    853      844      767           5.1      4.8      4.4
  Education and health services.................    438      416      484           2.2      2.1      2.4
   Educational services.........................     62       49       71           2.0      1.5      2.2
   Health care and social assistance............    376      367      413           2.3      2.2      2.5
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    627      591      717           5.0      4.5      5.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     86      104      104           5.2      5.9      6.1
   Accommodation and food services.............     541      488      613           5.0      4.3      5.5
  Other services................................    203      146      179           3.9      2.7      3.4

 Government.....................................    243      285      301           1.1      1.3      1.4
  Federal.......................................     36       36       30           1.3      1.3      1.1
  State and local...............................    207      249      271           1.1      1.3      1.4

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    698      634      763           2.9      2.5      3.1
  South.........................................  1,773    1,492    1,744           3.8      3.1      3.7
  Midwest.......................................  1,060      929      978           3.6      3.1      3.3
  West..........................................    875      847      990           3.1      2.9      3.5


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics
employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 8.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Jan.     Dec.     Jan.          Jan.     Dec.     Jan.
                                                   2011     2011     2012p         2011     2011     2012p

Total...........................................  1,796    1,642    1,964           1.4      1.2      1.5

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  1,693    1,532    1,843           1.6      1.4      1.7
  Mining and Logging............................      6       12       19            .9      1.5      2.3
  Construction..................................     55       56       60           1.1      1.0      1.2
  Manufacturing.................................     90       78       89            .8       .7       .8
   Durable goods................................     45       41       46            .6       .6       .6
   Nondurable goods.............................     45       37       42           1.0       .8      1.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    399      393      461           1.6      1.5      1.8
   Wholesale trade..............................     58       40       52           1.1       .7       .9
   Retail trade.................................    293      297      345           2.0      2.0      2.4
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     48       56       64           1.0      1.1      1.3
  Information...................................     32       26       45           1.2      1.0      1.7
  Financial activities..........................     79       74       91           1.0      1.0      1.2
   Finance and insurance........................     48       55       56            .8       .9      1.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     32       19       35           1.7      1.0      1.9
  Professional and business services............    348      293      328           2.1      1.7      1.9
  Education and health services.................    232      225      276           1.2      1.1      1.4
   Educational services.........................     29       23       27            .9       .7       .8
   Health care and social assistance............    203      202      249           1.2      1.2      1.5
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    354      314      378           2.8      2.4      2.9
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     24       34       27           1.5      1.9      1.6
   Accommodation and food services.............     329      280      351           3.0      2.5      3.2
  Other services................................     97       62       96           1.9      1.2      1.8

 Government.....................................    103      110      120            .5       .5       .6
  Federal.......................................     11        9       11            .4       .3       .4
  State and local...............................     92      101      109            .5       .5       .6

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    245      217      323           1.0       .9      1.3
  South.........................................    730      664      817           1.6      1.4      1.7
  Midwest.......................................    423      400      421           1.4      1.3      1.4
  West..........................................    399      362      402           1.4      1.2      1.4


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics
employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 9.  Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Jan.     Dec.     Jan.          Jan.     Dec.     Jan.
                                                   2011     2011     2012p         2011     2011     2012p

Total...........................................  2,155    1,937    2,077           1.7      1.5      1.6

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  2,080    1,837    1,962           2.0      1.7      1.8
  Mining and Logging............................     10       12        9           1.3      1.5      1.1
  Construction..................................    332      265      281           6.6      4.9      5.4
  Manufacturing.................................    138      112      119           1.2       .9      1.0
   Durable goods................................     72       63       63           1.0       .9       .9
   Nondurable goods.............................     67       49       55           1.5      1.1      1.3
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    565      397      516           2.3      1.5      2.1
   Wholesale trade..............................     53       71       70           1.0      1.3      1.3
   Retail trade.................................    413      196      366           2.9      1.3      2.5
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     99      130       79           2.1      2.6      1.6
  Information...................................     34       30       35           1.3      1.1      1.3
  Financial activities..........................    112       38       72           1.5       .5       .9
   Finance and insurance........................     49       22       25            .9       .4       .4
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     63       16       48           3.4       .8      2.5
  Professional and business services............    424      507      370           2.5      2.9      2.1
  Education and health services.................    136      139      168            .7       .7       .8
   Educational services.........................     22       23       38            .7       .7      1.2
   Health care and social assistance............    114      117      129            .7       .7       .8
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    245      257      323           2.0      2.0      2.5
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     58       68       76           3.5      3.9      4.5
   Accommodation and food services.............     188      190      247           1.7      1.7      2.2
  Other services................................     83       79       70           1.6      1.5      1.3

 Government.....................................     75      100      116            .3       .4       .5
  Federal.......................................     10       10        8            .4       .4       .3
  State and local...............................     65       90      107            .3       .5       .6

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    370      363      353           1.5      1.4      1.4
  South.........................................    900      708      756           1.9      1.5      1.6
  Midwest.......................................    494      454      442           1.7      1.5      1.5
  West..........................................    391      412      526           1.4      1.4      1.8


  1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
  2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a
percent of total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics
employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 10.  Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Jan.     Dec.     Jan.          Jan.     Dec.     Jan.
                                                   2011     2011     2012p         2011     2011     2012p

Total...........................................    456      323      434           0.4      0.2      0.3

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................    391      248      368            .4       .2       .3
  Mining and Logging............................      2        1        3            .2       .2       .3
  Construction..................................     11       20       26            .2       .4       .5
  Manufacturing.................................     24       20       33            .2       .2       .3
   Durable goods................................     16       11       21            .2       .2       .3
   Nondurable goods.............................      8        8       12            .2       .2       .3
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    113       57      104            .5       .2       .4
   Wholesale trade..............................     39       11       17            .7       .2       .3
   Retail trade.................................     58       27       74            .4       .2       .5
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     16       19       13            .3       .4       .3
  Information...................................     18        5        3            .7       .2       .1
  Financial activities..........................     22       25       64            .3       .3       .8
   Finance and insurance........................     16       23       59            .3       .4      1.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........      6        2        4            .3       .1       .2
  Professional and business services............     81       44       69            .5       .2       .4
  Education and health services.................     70       52       40            .4       .3       .2
   Educational services.........................     11        4        5            .3       .1       .2
   Health care and social assistance............     59       48       35            .4       .3       .2
  Leisure and hospitality.......................     28       20       16            .2       .2       .1
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........      4        2        1            .3       .1       .1
   Accommodation and food services.............      24       18       15            .2       .2       .1
  Other services................................     22        5       12            .4       .1       .2

 Government.....................................     65       75       65            .3       .3       .3
  Federal.......................................     15       17       11            .5       .6       .4
  State and local...............................     50       58       54            .3       .3       .3

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................     84       54       86            .3       .2       .3
  South.........................................    143      121      173            .3       .3       .4
  Midwest.......................................    144       76      114            .5       .3       .4
  West..........................................     85       73       61            .3       .2       .2


  1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
  2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics
employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 11.  Annual hires levels(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                            Levels (in thousands)

              Industry and region                  2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 62,421   55,166   46,398   48,647   50,083

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 58,035   51,606   43,052   44,826   46,869
  Mining and Logging............................    333      357      185      286      328
  Construction..................................  4,770    4,479    3,679    3,996    4,096
  Manufacturing.................................  4,516    3,592    2,755    3,134    3,082
   Durable goods................................  2,636    2,064    1,409    1,797    1,792
   Nondurable goods.............................  1,881    1,526    1,344    1,337    1,289
  Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 13,089   11,413    9,440    9,681    9,942
   Wholesale trade..............................  2,132    1,765    1,453    1,411    1,504
   Retail trade.................................  9,107    7,882    6,333    6,697    6,752
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...  1,851    1,768    1,659    1,576    1,686
  Information...................................    940      753      667      651      708
  Financial activities..........................  3,000    2,502    1,995    2,046    1,861
   Finance and insurance........................  1,959    1,604    1,192    1,359    1,178
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........  1,044      897      801      687      685
  Professional and business services............ 11,359    9,966    8,256    9,330   10,391
  Education and health services.................  6,311    6,352    5,952    5,770    5,730
   Educational services.........................    889      910      862      887      924
   Health care and social assistance............  5,422    5,441    5,091    4,882    4,807
  Leisure and hospitality....................... 11,083    9,820    7,779    7,822    8,453
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........  1,624    1,449    1,198    1,317    1,455
   Accommodation and food services.............   9,457    8,369    6,580    6,507    6,995
  Other services................................  2,637    2,372    2,338    2,102    2,279

 Government.....................................  4,385    3,558    3,346    3,821    3,213
  Federal.......................................    816      321      460    1,048      330
  State and local...............................  3,571    3,238    2,886    2,772    2,883

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast.....................................  9,716    8,862    8,291    8,686    8,394
  South......................................... 24,297   20,829   17,492   18,230   18,979
  Midwest....................................... 13,664   12,025   10,059   11,136   11,634
  West.......................................... 14,747   13,453   10,557   10,595   11,075


  1 The annual hires level is the total number of hires during the entire year.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 12.  Annual hires rates(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates

              Industry and region                2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 45.4     40.3     35.5     37.5     38.1

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 50.3     45.2     39.8     41.7     42.9
  Mining and Logging............................ 46.0     46.6     26.7     40.6     41.8
  Construction.................................. 62.5     62.5     61.2     72.4     74.4
  Manufacturing................................. 32.5     26.8     23.3     27.2     26.3
   Durable goods................................ 29.9     24.4     19.3     25.4     24.6
   Nondurable goods............................. 37.1     30.9     29.4     30.0     28.9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 49.2     43.4     37.9     39.3     39.7
   Wholesale trade.............................. 35.4     29.7     26.0     25.9     27.2
   Retail trade................................. 58.7     51.6     43.6     46.4     46.1
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 36.3     34.9     34.6     33.2     34.8
  Information................................... 31.0     25.2     23.8     24.0     26.6
  Financial activities.......................... 36.1     30.7     25.7     26.7     24.2
   Finance and insurance........................ 31.9     26.7     20.6     23.8     20.5
   Real estate and rental and leasing........... 48.1     42.1     40.2     35.5     35.5
  Professional and business services............ 63.3     56.2     49.8     55.8     60.0
  Education and health services................. 34.4     33.7     31.0     29.5     28.8
   Educational services......................... 30.2     29.9     27.9     28.1     28.5
   Health care and social assistance............ 35.3     34.4     31.6     29.8     28.9
  Leisure and hospitality....................... 82.5     73.1     59.5     59.9     63.5
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 82.5     73.6     62.5     68.8     76.2
   Accommodation and food services.............  82.5     73.0     59.0     58.4     61.3
  Other services................................ 48.0     43.0     43.6     39.4     42.7

 Government..................................... 19.7     15.8     14.8     17.0     14.5
  Federal....................................... 29.8     11.6     16.2     35.2     11.5
  State and local............................... 18.3     16.4     14.6     14.2     15.0

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast..................................... 37.8     34.4     33.3     35.1     33.5
  South......................................... 48.9     42.1     36.9     38.7     39.8
  Midwest....................................... 43.6     38.6     33.9     37.8     39.0
  West.......................................... 47.7     44.2     36.6     37.2     38.4


  1 The annual hires rate is the number of hires during the entire year as a percent of 
annual average employment.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.

Table 13.  Annual total separations levels(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                            Levels (in thousands)

              Industry and region                  2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 61,162   58,601   51,527   47,641   48,242

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 57,090   55,216   48,095   43,518   44,774
  Mining and Logging............................    301      324      295      219      241
  Construction..................................  4,939    5,228    4,764    4,195    3,962
  Manufacturing.................................  4,799    4,452    4,172    3,036    2,831
   Durable goods................................  2,841    2,688    2,519    1,679    1,541
   Nondurable goods.............................  1,958    1,765    1,654    1,356    1,290
  Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 12,758   12,499   10,526    9,401    9,531
   Wholesale trade..............................  2,045    2,000    1,777    1,406    1,416
   Retail trade.................................  8,916    8,599    6,872    6,475    6,517
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...  1,797    1,900    1,878    1,521    1,601
  Information...................................    946      867      840      709      752
  Financial activities..........................  3,125    2,716    2,325    2,047    1,852
   Finance and insurance........................  2,062    1,753    1,397    1,328    1,168
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........  1,060      962      925      718      686
  Professional and business services............ 11,088   10,787    9,011    8,801    9,807
  Education and health services.................  5,781    5,881    5,641    5,459    5,319
   Educational services.........................    823      814      830      808      828
   Health care and social assistance............  4,958    5,070    4,811    4,647    4,489
  Leisure and hospitality....................... 10,783   10,038    8,087    7,576    8,204
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........  1,565    1,477    1,267    1,271    1,491
   Accommodation and food services.............   9,217    8,564    6,822    6,304    6,714
  Other services................................  2,568    2,418    2,434    2,075    2,271

 Government.....................................  4,071    3,382    3,433    4,124    3,470
  Federal.......................................    795      302      409      995      374
  State and local...............................  3,278    3,082    3,023    3,129    3,094

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast.....................................  9,309    9,505    8,922    8,601    8,137
  South......................................... 23,694   22,023   19,055   17,666   18,424
  Midwest....................................... 13,252   12,561   11,161   10,782   11,115
  West.......................................... 14,904   14,508   12,390   10,598   10,565


  1 The annual total separations level is the total number of total separations during the 
entire year.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates.


Table 14.  Annual total separations rates(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates

              Industry and region                2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 44.4     42.8     39.4     36.7     36.7

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 49.5     48.3     44.4     40.5     41.0
  Mining and Logging............................ 41.6     42.3     42.5     31.1     30.7
  Construction.................................. 64.7     73.0     79.2     76.0     72.0
  Manufacturing................................. 34.6     33.2     35.2     26.3     24.1
   Durable goods................................ 32.2     31.7     34.6     23.8     21.2
   Nondurable goods............................. 38.6     35.7     36.2     30.4     28.9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 47.9     47.5     42.3     38.2     38.1
   Wholesale trade.............................. 34.0     33.7     31.8     25.8     25.6
   Retail trade................................. 57.4     56.3     47.3     44.8     44.5
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 35.3     37.5     39.2     32.1     33.0
  Information................................... 31.2     29.1     30.0     26.2     28.2
  Financial activities.......................... 37.6     33.3     29.9     26.8     24.1
   Finance and insurance........................ 33.6     29.1     24.2     23.2     20.3
   Real estate and rental and leasing........... 48.9     45.2     46.4     37.1     35.6
  Professional and business services............ 61.8     60.8     54.4     52.6     56.6
  Education and health services................. 31.6     31.2     29.4     28.0     26.8
   Educational services......................... 28.0     26.8     26.9     25.6     25.5
   Health care and social assistance............ 32.2     32.1     29.9     28.4     27.0
  Leisure and hospitality....................... 80.3     74.7     61.8     58.1     61.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 79.5     75.0     66.1     66.4     78.1
   Accommodation and food services.............  80.4     74.7     61.1     56.6     58.8
  Other services................................ 46.7     43.8     45.4     38.9     42.5

 Government..................................... 18.3     15.0     15.2     18.3     15.7
  Federal....................................... 29.1     10.9     14.4     33.4     13.1
  State and local............................... 16.8     15.6     15.3     16.0     16.1

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast..................................... 36.3     36.9     35.8     34.7     32.5
  South......................................... 47.7     44.5     40.2     37.5     38.6
  Midwest....................................... 42.3     40.4     37.6     36.6     37.2
  West.......................................... 48.3     47.7     43.0     37.2     36.7


  1 The annual total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire 
year as a percent of annual average employment.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.

Table 15.  Annual quits levels(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                            Levels (in thousands)

              Industry and region                  2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 34,612   30,558   21,021   21,967   23,578

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 32,686   28,952   19,817   20,652   22,191
  Mining and Logging............................    177      177       88       94      140
  Construction..................................  1,874    1,589      889      902      945
  Manufacturing.................................  2,474    1,873    1,032    1,139    1,254
   Durable goods................................  1,399    1,033      501      570      640
   Nondurable goods.............................  1,072      837      534      569      615
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........  7,612    6,843    4,657    4,866    5,247
   Wholesale trade..............................  1,162      983      541      541      634
   Retail trade.................................  5,544    4,935    3,428    3,668    3,880
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    909      926      690      655      734
  Information...................................    552      433      390      353      405
  Financial activities..........................  1,801    1,423      862      985      995
   Finance and insurance........................  1,307      956      559      650      667
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........    496      464      300      335      328
  Professional and business services............  5,734    5,185    3,373    3,866    4,485
  Education and health services.................  3,639    3,457    2,946    2,942    2,965
   Educational services.........................    404      384      318      361      384
   Health care and social assistance............  3,235    3,072    2,627    2,580    2,582
  Leisure and hospitality.......................  7,391    6,610    4,512    4,483    4,729
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........    643      536      398      448      509
   Accommodation and food services.............   6,749    6,073    4,112    4,034    4,220
  Other services................................  1,432    1,366    1,071    1,024    1,026

 Government.....................................  1,927    1,606    1,205    1,314    1,389
  Federal.......................................    277       98       81      147      113
  State and local...............................  1,648    1,506    1,125    1,166    1,276

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast.....................................  4,543    4,421    3,136    3,466    3,367
  South......................................... 14,431   12,427    8,489    8,889    9,511
  Midwest.......................................  7,280    6,587    4,502    4,893    5,534
  West..........................................  8,355    7,121    4,896    4,719    5,169


  1 The annual quits level is the total number of quits during the entire year.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.

Table 16.  Annual quits rates(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates

              Industry and region                2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 25.2     22.3     16.1     16.9     17.9

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 28.3     25.3     18.3     19.2     20.3
  Mining and Logging............................ 24.4     23.1     12.7     13.3     17.9
  Construction.................................. 24.6     22.2     14.8     16.3     17.2
  Manufacturing................................. 17.8     14.0      8.7      9.9     10.7
   Durable goods................................ 15.9     12.2      6.9      8.1      8.8
   Nondurable goods............................. 21.1     16.9     11.7     12.7     13.8
  Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 28.6     26.0     18.7     19.8     21.0
   Wholesale trade.............................. 19.3     16.5      9.7      9.9     11.5
   Retail trade................................. 35.7     32.3     23.6     25.4     26.5
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 17.8     18.3     14.4     13.8     15.1
  Information................................... 18.2     14.5     13.9     13.0     15.2
  Financial activities.......................... 21.7     17.5     11.1     12.9     13.0
   Finance and insurance........................ 21.3     15.9      9.7     11.4     11.6
   Real estate and rental and leasing........... 22.9     21.8     15.0     17.3     17.0
  Professional and business services............ 32.0     29.2     20.3     23.1     25.9
  Education and health services................. 19.9     18.4     15.3     15.1     14.9
   Educational services......................... 13.7     12.6     10.3     11.4     11.8
   Health care and social assistance............ 21.0     19.4     16.3     15.8     15.5
  Leisure and hospitality....................... 55.0     49.2     34.5     34.4     35.5
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 32.7     27.2     20.8     23.4     26.6
   Accommodation and food services.............  58.9     53.0     36.8     36.2     37.0
  Other services................................ 26.1     24.8     20.0     19.2     19.2

 Government.....................................  8.7      7.1      5.3      5.8      6.3
  Federal....................................... 10.1      3.5      2.9      4.9      4.0
  State and local...............................  8.5      7.6      5.7      6.0      6.6

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast..................................... 17.7     17.2     12.6     14.0     13.5
  South......................................... 29.0     25.1     17.9     18.9     19.9
  Midwest....................................... 23.2     21.2     15.2     16.6     18.5
  West.......................................... 27.0     23.4     17.0     16.6     17.9


  1 The annual quits rate is the number of quits during the entire year as a percent of 
annual average employment.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.

Table 17.  Annual layoffs and discharges levels(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                            Levels (in thousands)

              Industry and region                  2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 22,142   24,166   26,783   21,784   20,718

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 20,834   23,015   25,172   19,729   19,394
  Mining and Logging............................     88      120      178       98       84
  Construction..................................  2,837    3,420    3,743    3,105    2,865
  Manufacturing.................................  1,952    2,252    2,863    1,655    1,327
   Durable goods................................  1,202    1,441    1,836      954      747
   Nondurable goods.............................    751      809    1,028      701      581
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........  4,187    4,718    5,007    3,720    3,400
   Wholesale trade..............................    764      898    1,083      741      591
   Retail trade.................................  2,733    3,027    2,875    2,315    2,154
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    691      796    1,047      669      655
  Information...................................    284      364      379      292      284
  Financial activities..........................  1,079    1,030    1,264      776      650
   Finance and insurance........................    592      616      693      450      344
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........    488      415      571      325      307
  Professional and business services............  4,679    5,036    5,010    4,326    4,720
  Education and health services.................  1,711    1,980    2,183    2,089    1,814
   Educational services.........................    369      382      453      399      369
   Health care and social assistance............  1,341    1,598    1,728    1,691    1,445
  Leisure and hospitality.......................  3,078    3,130    3,316    2,742    3,145
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........    864      900      833      785      953
   Accommodation and food services.............   2,213    2,231    2,483    1,959    2,197
  Other services................................    936      961    1,231      924    1,101

 Government.....................................  1,308    1,149    1,610    2,050    1,324
  Federal.......................................    219      102      224      742      133
  State and local...............................  1,090    1,047    1,387    1,312    1,194

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast.....................................  3,967    4,309    5,082    4,386    4,028
  South.........................................  7,796    8,265    9,195    7,402    7,504
  Midwest.......................................  4,992    5,115    5,824    5,000    4,638
  West..........................................  5,385    6,481    6,681    4,994    4,550


  1 The annual layoffs and discharges level is the total number of layoffs and discharges 
during the entire year.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 18.  Annual layoffs and discharges rates(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates

              Industry and region                2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total........................................... 16.1     17.7     20.5     16.8     15.8

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private.................................. 18.1     20.1     23.3     18.4     17.8
  Mining and Logging............................ 12.2     15.7     25.6     13.9     10.7
  Construction.................................. 37.2     47.8     62.2     56.3     52.1
  Manufacturing................................. 14.1     16.8     24.2     14.4     11.3
   Durable goods................................ 13.6     17.0     25.2     13.5     10.3
   Nondurable goods............................. 14.8     16.4     22.5     15.7     13.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 15.7     17.9     20.1     15.1     13.6
   Wholesale trade.............................. 12.7     15.1     19.4     13.6     10.7
   Retail trade................................. 17.6     19.8     19.8     16.0     14.7
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 13.6     15.7     21.8     14.1     13.5
  Information...................................  9.4     12.2     13.5     10.8     10.7
  Financial activities.......................... 13.0     12.6     16.3     10.1      8.5
   Finance and insurance........................  9.7     10.2     12.0      7.9      6.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing........... 22.5     19.5     28.6     16.8     15.9
  Professional and business services............ 26.1     28.4     30.2     25.9     27.2
  Education and health services.................  9.3     10.5     11.4     10.7      9.1
   Educational services......................... 12.5     12.6     14.7     12.6     11.4
   Health care and social assistance............  8.7     10.1     10.7     10.3      8.7
  Leisure and hospitality....................... 22.9     23.3     25.4     21.0     23.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 43.9     45.7     43.5     41.0     49.9
   Accommodation and food services.............  19.3     19.5     22.2     17.6     19.3
  Other services................................ 17.0     17.4     22.9     17.3     20.6

 Government.....................................  5.9      5.1      7.1      9.1      6.0
  Federal.......................................  8.0      3.7      7.9     24.9      4.7
  State and local...............................  5.6      5.3      7.0      6.7      6.2

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast..................................... 15.5     16.7     20.4     17.7     16.1
  South......................................... 15.7     16.7     19.4     15.7     15.7
  Midwest....................................... 15.9     16.4     19.6     17.0     15.5
  West.......................................... 17.4     21.3     23.2     17.5     15.8


  1 The annual layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during 
the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.

Table 19.  Annual other separations levels(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                            Levels (in thousands)

              Industry and region                  2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total...........................................  4,407    3,876    3,722    3,892    3,943

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  3,568    3,251    3,104    3,133    3,188
  Mining and Logging............................     35       29       29       23       17
  Construction..................................    228      220      134      190      154
  Manufacturing.................................    373      330      276      244      250
   Durable goods................................    240      208      183      156      157
   Nondurable goods.............................    134      119       95       87       94
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    956      936      864      816      883
   Wholesale trade..............................    123      121      154      125      193
   Retail trade.................................    636      638      568      492      481
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    198      177      140      199      213
  Information...................................    111       69       73       63       62
  Financial activities..........................    242      262      197      286      211
   Finance and insurance........................    163      180      147      233      156
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     80       82       52       56       55
  Professional and business services............    675      568      630      610      600
  Education and health services.................    433      444      511      426      538
   Educational services.........................     48       45       57       54       75
   Health care and social assistance............    384      400      454      373      466
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    315      300      262      350      327
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     57       42       33       37       29
   Accommodation and food services.............     255      258      228      310      299
  Other services................................    201       93      134      127      142

 Government.....................................    839      627      618      760      756
  Federal.......................................    299      102      108      108      130
  State and local...............................    540      525      510      652      627

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast.....................................    796      771      700      744      740
  South.........................................  1,469    1,335    1,380    1,380    1,415
  Midwest.......................................    984      866      831      886      941
  West..........................................  1,161      904      811      882      846


  1 The annual other separations level is the total number of other separations during the 
entire year.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.


Table 20.  Annual other separations rates(1) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                                  Rates

              Industry and region                2007     2008     2009     2010     2011

Total...........................................  3.2      2.8      2.8      3.0      3.0

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  3.1      2.8      2.9      2.9      2.9
  Mining and Logging............................  4.8      3.8      4.2      3.3      2.2
  Construction..................................  3.0      3.1      2.2      3.4      2.8
  Manufacturing.................................  2.7      2.5      2.3      2.1      2.1
   Durable goods................................  2.7      2.5      2.5      2.2      2.2
   Nondurable goods.............................  2.6      2.4      2.1      1.9      2.1
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........  3.6      3.6      3.5      3.3      3.5
   Wholesale trade..............................  2.0      2.0      2.8      2.3      3.5
   Retail trade.................................  4.1      4.2      3.9      3.4      3.3
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...  3.9      3.5      2.9      4.2      4.4
  Information...................................  3.7      2.3      2.6      2.3      2.3
  Financial activities..........................  2.9      3.2      2.5      3.7      2.7
   Finance and insurance........................  2.7      3.0      2.5      4.1      2.7
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........  3.7      3.8      2.6      2.9      2.9
  Professional and business services............  3.8      3.2      3.8      3.6      3.5
  Education and health services.................  2.4      2.4      2.7      2.2      2.7
   Educational services.........................  1.6      1.5      1.8      1.7      2.3
   Health care and social assistance............  2.5      2.5      2.8      2.3      2.8
  Leisure and hospitality.......................  2.3      2.2      2.0      2.7      2.5
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........  2.9      2.1      1.7      1.9      1.5
   Accommodation and food services.............   2.2      2.3      2.0      2.8      2.6
  Other services................................  3.7      1.7      2.5      2.4      2.7

 Government.....................................  3.8      2.8      2.7      3.4      3.4
  Federal....................................... 10.9      3.7      3.8      3.6      4.5
  State and local...............................  2.8      2.7      2.6      3.3      3.3

                    REGION (2)

  Northeast.....................................  3.1      3.0      2.8      3.0      3.0
  South.........................................  3.0      2.7      2.9      2.9      3.0
  Midwest.......................................  3.1      2.8      2.8      3.0      3.2
  West..........................................  3.8      3.0      2.8      3.1      2.9


  1 The annual other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire 
year as a percent of annual average employment.
  2 See footnote 8, table 1.
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and a revised birth/death model.

Last Modified Date: March 13, 2012