For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, March 15, 2019 USDL-19-0404
Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov
JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2019
The number of job openings was little changed at 7.6 million on the last business day of January, the
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were little
changed at 5.8 million and 5.6 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was unchanged at
2.3 percent and the layoffs and discharges rate was little changed at 1.1 percent. This release includes
estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by
industry and by four geographic regions. The release also includes 2018 annual estimates for hires and
separations. The annual number of hires at 68.9 million and the annual number of quits at 40.1 million
increased in 2018. The annual number of layoffs and discharges at 21.9 million edged up in 2018.
Job Openings
On the last business day of January, the job openings level was little changed at 7.6 million. The job
openings rate was 4.8 percent. The number of job openings was little changed for total private and
increased for government (+59,000). Job openings increased in a number of industries, with the largest
increases in wholesale trade (+91,000), real estate and rental and leasing (+60,000), and information
(+42,000). The job openings level decreased in other services (-98,000), retail trade (-97,000), and arts,
entertainment, and recreation (-40,000). The number of job openings was little changed in all four
regions. (See table 1.)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Revisions and Methodology Change |
|Job openings, hires, and separations have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current|
|Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. Additionally, |
|a new methodology for item imputation has been implemented. See the revision section at the end of |
|this release for more information. |
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________________|
Hires
The number of hires was little changed at 5.8 million in January. The hires rate was 3.9 percent. The
hires level was little changed for total private and for government. The number of hires was little
changed in all industries and all four regions. (See table 2.)
Separations
Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore,
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.
The number of total separations was little changed at 5.6 million in January. The total separations rate
was 3.7 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and for government.
Total separations increased in real estate and rental and leasing (+20,000) but decreased in federal
government (-11,000). The number of total separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table
3.)
The number of quits was little changed in January at 3.5 million. The quits rate was 2.3 percent. The
quits level was little changed for total private but increased for government (+20,000). Quits increased
in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+19,000) and in state and local government education (+17,000).
Quits decreased in federal government (-6,000). The number of quits was little changed in all four
regions. (See table 4.)
The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed in January at 1.7 million. The layoffs and
discharges rate was 1.1 percent. The layoffs and discharges level was little changed for total private and
for government. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed in all industries and in all four
regions. (See table 5.)
The number of other separations was little changed in January. The other separations level was little
changed for total private and decreased for government (-10,000). Other separations increased in
transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+8,000) but decreased in federal government (-6,000). The
number of other separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.)
Net Change in Employment
Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining.
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in January, hires totaled 69.2 million and
separations totaled 66.3 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.8 million. These totals include
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
Annual Levels and Rates
Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons across years. Annual levels for hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 12 published
monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. Consistent with
BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with
the January news release each year. Note that annual estimates are not calculated for job openings
because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last business day of each month.
In 2018, there were 68.9 million hires, an increase of 3.3 million from 2017. Total separations (the sum
of quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations) rose by 2.6 million in 2018 to 66.1 million. Quits
rose for the ninth consecutive year reaching 40.1 million in 2018, up by 2.4 million. Quits comprised 61
percent of total separations. Layoffs and discharges edged up by 307,000 in 2018 to 21.9 million and
comprised 33 percent of total separations. Other separations edged down by 44,000 in 2018 to 4.1
million and comprised 6 percent of total separations. (See tables 13 through 22.)
The annual hires for 2018 was 46.3 percent of the annual average CES employment level. This rate has
been trending upwards since 2009. The annual total separations rate for 2018 was 44.3 percent. The
annual rates for the components of total separations were 26.9 percent for quits, 14.7 percent for layoffs
and discharges, and 2.8 percent for other separations.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for February 2019 are scheduled to be
released on Tuesday, April 9, 2019 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Job openings | Hires | Total separations
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Category | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan.
| 2018 | 2018 | 2019p| 2018 | 2018 | 2019p| 2018 | 2018 | 2019p
---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | |
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | |
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total............................|6,591 |7,479 |7,581 |5,525 |5,717 |5,801 |5,317 |5,469 |5,550
| | | | | | | | |
Total private...................|6,025 |6,860 |6,902 |5,194 |5,353 |5,430 |4,983 |5,122 |5,190
Mining and logging(1)..........| 26 | 29 | 40 | 34 | 39 | 38 | 30 | 34 | 33
Construction(1)................| 245 | 299 | 302 | 354 | 399 | 428 | 329 | 369 | 391
Manufacturing..................| 436 | 435 | 452 | 365 | 351 | 356 | 347 | 342 | 342
Durable goods(1)..............| 261 | 298 | 305 | 217 | 186 | 186 | 201 | 175 | 170
Nondurable goods(1)...........| 175 | 137 | 146 | 148 | 165 | 170 | 146 | 167 | 172
Trade, transportation, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities.................|1,367 |1,482 |1,471 |1,132 |1,176 |1,126 |1,103 |1,134 |1,097
Wholesale trade...............| 203 | 178 | 269 | 143 | 151 | 128 | 160 | 143 | 137
Retail trade..................| 873 | 986 | 889 | 763 | 802 | 756 | 736 | 765 | 729
Transportation, warehousing, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities(1).............| 290 | 318 | 312 | 227 | 224 | 243 | 207 | 226 | 232
Information(1).................| 123 | 123 | 165 | 89 | 80 | 81 | 97 | 87 | 87
Financial activities...........| 398 | 380 | 459 | 221 | 201 | 191 | 208 | 180 | 180
Finance and insurance.........| 314 | 317 | 336 | 155 | 133 | 112 | 146 | 131 | 111
Real estate and | | | | | | | | |
rental and leasing(1)........| 85 | 63 | 123 | 66 | 67 | 78 | 63 | 49 | 69
Professional and business | | | | | | | | |
services......................|1,124 |1,391 |1,343 |1,092 |1,144 |1,128 |1,028 |1,116 |1,089
Education and health | | | | | | | | |
services......................|1,175 |1,348 |1,393 | 693 | 717 | 730 | 626 | 652 | 674
Educational services(1).......| 123 | 91 | 120 | 112 | 124 | 108 | 92 | 101 | 98
Health care and social | | | | | | | | |
assistance...................|1,052 |1,258 |1,273 | 581 | 593 | 622 | 534 | 551 | 577
Leisure and hospitality........| 926 |1,102 |1,105 |1,014 |1,037 |1,110 |1,019 |1,007 |1,065
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | |
recreation...................| 93 | 154 | 114 | 173 | 154 | 183 | 170 | 153 | 155
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | |
services.....................| 832 | 948 | 991 | 840 | 883 | 927 | 850 | 853 | 910
Other services.................| 205 | 271 | 173 | 201 | 209 | 241 | 196 | 201 | 233
Government......................| 566 | 619 | 678 | 330 | 364 | 372 | 334 | 347 | 359
Federal(1).....................| 115 | 87 | 122 | 32 | 36 | 36 | 30 | 44 | 33
State and local................| 452 | 532 | 556 | 298 | 328 | 335 | 304 | 304 | 326
State and local education.....| 173 | 229 | 223 | 149 | 176 | 166 | 155 | 163 | 166
State and local, excluding | | | | | | | | |
education(1).................| 279 | 304 | 333 | 150 | 152 | 170 | 149 | 141 | 161
|--------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | |
RATES BY INDUSTRY | | | | | | | | |
(percent) | | | | | | | | |
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total............................| 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.7
| | | | | | | | |
Total private...................| 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1
Mining and logging(1)..........| 3.6 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.3
Construction(1)................| 3.3 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 5.2
Manufacturing..................| 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7
Durable goods(1)..............| 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.1
Nondurable goods(1)...........| 3.6 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.6
Trade, transportation, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities.................| 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 3.9
Wholesale trade...............| 3.4 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.3
Retail trade..................| 5.2 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.6
Transportation, warehousing, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities(1).............| 4.7 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.8
Information(1).................| 4.2 | 4.2 | 5.5 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 3.1
Financial activities...........| 4.5 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.1
Finance and insurance.........| 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.8
Real estate and rental | | | | | | | | |
and leasing(1)...............| 3.7 | 2.7 | 5.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 3.0
Professional and business | | | | | | | | |
services......................| 5.1 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.1
Education and health | | | | | | | | |
services......................| 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8
Educational services(1).......| 3.2 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.6
Health care and social | | | | | | | | |
assistance...................| 5.1 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.9
Leisure and hospitality.......| 5.4 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.4
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | |
recreation..................| 3.8 | 5.9 | 4.4 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 6.3
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | |
services....................| 5.7 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.4
Other services................| 3.4 | 4.4 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 4.0
Government......................| 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6
Federal(1).....................| 3.9 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.2
State and local................| 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.7
State and local education.....| 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6
State and local, excluding | | | | | | | | |
education(1).................| 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore,
the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
(p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors, and to implement a new
imputation methodology.
Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data
In accordance with annual practice, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data have
been revised to reflect annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey employment
estimates. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio adjusted to the CES employment
levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The result is the revision of 21
months of not seasonally adjusted data. Additionally, new seasonal factors have been developed based
on the full revised JOLTS series and have been applied to the data from January 2014 forward. Also
effective with this release, JOLTS has implemented a new methodology for item imputation.
Tables B through G below present revised total nonfarm data for January through December 2018. The
December 2018 revisions also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the
final December estimates. Tables presenting revisions to total nonfarm data for December 2000 through
December 2017 will be available later today on the JOLTS website. The website also contains all
revised seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data. The revision tables and data can be
accessed through the JOLTS homepage at www.bls.gov/jlt/.
Table B. Revisions in job openings data January 2018 - December 2018,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2018 | | | | | |
January...| 6,230 | 6,591 | 361 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 0.3
February..| 6,074 | 6,530 | 456 | 3.9 | 4.2 | .3
March.....| 6,638 | 6,894 | 256 | 4.3 | 4.4 | .1
April.....| 6,840 | 7,106 | 266 | 4.4 | 4.6 | .2
May.......| 6,659 | 7,126 | 467 | 4.3 | 4.6 | .3
June......| 6,822 | 7,393 | 571 | 4.4 | 4.7 | .3
July......| 7,077 | 7,442 | 365 | 4.5 | 4.8 | .3
August....| 7,293 | 7,342 | 49 | 4.7 | 4.7 | .0
September.| 6,960 | 7,392 | 432 | 4.4 | 4.7 | .3
October...| 7,131 | 7,593 | 462 | 4.5 | 4.8 | .3
November..| 7,166 | 7,626 | 460 | 4.6 | 4.8 | .2
December..| 7,335 | 7,479 | 144 | 4.7 | 4.7 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table C. Revisions in hires data January 2018 - December 2018,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2018 | | | | | |
January...| 5,568 | 5,525 | -43 | 3.8 | 3.7 | -0.1
February..| 5,503 | 5,594 | 91 | 3.7 | 3.8 | .1
March.....| 5,476 | 5,625 | 149 | 3.7 | 3.8 | .1
April.....| 5,581 | 5,694 | 113 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
May.......| 5,747 | 5,862 | 115 | 3.9 | 3.9 | .0
June......| 5,677 | 5,833 | 156 | 3.8 | 3.9 | .1
July......| 5,713 | 5,833 | 120 | 3.8 | 3.9 | .1
August....| 5,906 | 5,826 | -80 | 4.0 | 3.9 | -.1
September.| 5,696 | 5,670 | -26 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
October...| 5,928 | 5,877 | -51 | 4.0 | 3.9 | -.1
November..| 5,812 | 5,821 | 9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | .0
December..| 5,907 | 5,717 | -190 | 3.9 | 3.8 | -.1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table D. Revisions in total separations data January 2018 - December 2018,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2018 | | | | | |
January...| 5,319 | 5,317 | -2 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 0.0
February..| 5,172 | 5,270 | 98 | 3.5 | 3.6 | .1
March.....| 5,321 | 5,446 | 125 | 3.6 | 3.7 | .1
April.....| 5,424 | 5,467 | 43 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .0
May.......| 5,419 | 5,502 | 83 | 3.6 | 3.7 | .1
June......| 5,514 | 5,565 | 51 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .0
July......| 5,596 | 5,675 | 79 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
August....| 5,779 | 5,600 | -179 | 3.9 | 3.7 | -.2
September.| 5,641 | 5,558 | -83 | 3.8 | 3.7 | -.1
October...| 5,621 | 5,642 | 21 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
November..| 5,563 | 5,597 | 34 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .0
December..| 5,545 | 5,469 | -76 | 3.7 | 3.6 | -.1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table E. Revisions in quits data January 2018 - December 2018,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2018 | | | | | |
January...| 3,191 | 3,022 | -169 | 2.2 | 2.0 | -0.2
February..| 3,208 | 3,176 | -32 | 2.2 | 2.1 | -.1
March.....| 3,387 | 3,300 | -87 | 2.3 | 2.2 | -.1
April.....| 3,349 | 3,339 | -10 | 2.3 | 2.2 | -.1
May.......| 3,480 | 3,342 | -138 | 2.3 | 2.2 | -.1
June......| 3,477 | 3,354 | -123 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
July......| 3,608 | 3,443 | -165 | 2.4 | 2.3 | -.1
August....| 3,648 | 3,473 | -175 | 2.4 | 2.3 | -.1
September.| 3,564 | 3,393 | -171 | 2.4 | 2.3 | -.1
October...| 3,519 | 3,469 | -50 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
November..| 3,494 | 3,379 | -115 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
December..| 3,482 | 3,391 | -91 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table F. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data January 2018 - December 2018,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2018 | | | | | |
January...| 1,784 | 1,934 | 150 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.1
February..| 1,619 | 1,763 | 144 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .1
March.....| 1,546 | 1,771 | 225 | 1.0 | 1.2 | .2
April.....| 1,731 | 1,788 | 57 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
May.......| 1,618 | 1,811 | 193 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .1
June......| 1,652 | 1,843 | 191 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .1
July......| 1,622 | 1,859 | 237 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .1
August....| 1,790 | 1,809 | 19 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
September.| 1,707 | 1,818 | 111 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .1
October...| 1,761 | 1,855 | 94 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
November..| 1,753 | 1,889 | 136 | 1.2 | 1.3 | .1
December..| 1,697 | 1,751 | 54 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table G. Revisions in other separations data January 2018 - December 2018,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2018 | | | | | |
January...| 344 | 361 | 17 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0
February..| 346 | 331 | -15 | .2 | .2 | .0
March.....| 387 | 375 | -12 | .3 | .3 | .0
April.....| 344 | 340 | -4 | .2 | .2 | .0
May.......| 321 | 349 | 28 | .2 | .2 | .0
June......| 384 | 368 | -16 | .3 | .2 | -.1
July......| 365 | 373 | 8 | .2 | .2 | .0
August....| 341 | 319 | -22 | .2 | .2 | .0
September.| 369 | 348 | -21 | .2 | .2 | .0
October...| 341 | 318 | -23 | .2 | .2 | .0
November..| 316 | 328 | 12 | .2 | .2 | .0
December..| 366 | 327 | -39 | .2 | .2 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.
Coverage and collection
The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.
Concepts
Industry classification. The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).
Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.
Job openings. Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.
Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.
Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.
Separations. The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.
Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.
Sample and estimation methodology
The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.
JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.
JOLTS business birth/death model
As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.
Seasonal adjustment
BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.
Alignment procedure
The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.
This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.
Reliability of the estimates
JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.
The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
6,591 |
7,392 |
7,593 |
7,626 |
7,479 |
7,581 |
4.3 |
4.7 |
4.8 |
4.8 |
4.7 |
4.8 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
6,025 |
6,771 |
6,956 |
6,962 |
6,860 |
6,902 |
4.6 |
5.1 |
5.2 |
5.2 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
Mining and logging |
26 |
34 |
36 |
35 |
29 |
40 |
3.6 |
4.3 |
4.6 |
4.4 |
3.8 |
5.0 |
Construction |
245 |
299 |
278 |
279 |
299 |
302 |
3.3 |
3.9 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
Manufacturing |
436 |
469 |
500 |
501 |
435 |
452 |
3.4 |
3.6 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
Durable goods |
261 |
297 |
311 |
315 |
298 |
305 |
3.2 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
Nondurable goods |
175 |
171 |
189 |
185 |
137 |
146 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
3.8 |
3.7 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,367 |
1,554 |
1,558 |
1,642 |
1,482 |
1,471 |
4.7 |
5.3 |
5.3 |
5.6 |
5.1 |
5.0 |
Wholesale trade |
203 |
227 |
219 |
217 |
178 |
269 |
3.4 |
3.7 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
2.9 |
4.4 |
Retail trade |
873 |
978 |
1,080 |
1,103 |
986 |
889 |
5.2 |
5.8 |
6.4 |
6.5 |
5.9 |
5.3 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
290 |
349 |
259 |
322 |
318 |
312 |
4.7 |
5.5 |
4.1 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
4.9 |
Information |
123 |
110 |
149 |
124 |
123 |
165 |
4.2 |
3.7 |
5.0 |
4.2 |
4.2 |
5.5 |
Financial activities |
398 |
353 |
435 |
412 |
380 |
459 |
4.5 |
3.9 |
4.8 |
4.6 |
4.2 |
5.0 |
Finance and insurance |
314 |
266 |
303 |
324 |
317 |
336 |
4.8 |
4.0 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
4.8 |
5.0 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
85 |
88 |
132 |
88 |
63 |
123 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
5.5 |
3.7 |
2.7 |
5.1 |
Professional and business services |
1,124 |
1,352 |
1,363 |
1,313 |
1,391 |
1,343 |
5.1 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
5.8 |
6.1 |
5.9 |
Education and health services |
1,175 |
1,282 |
1,285 |
1,324 |
1,348 |
1,393 |
4.8 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
5.3 |
5.3 |
5.5 |
Educational services |
123 |
76 |
92 |
96 |
91 |
120 |
3.2 |
2.0 |
2.4 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
3.1 |
Health care and social assistance |
1,052 |
1,206 |
1,192 |
1,228 |
1,258 |
1,273 |
5.1 |
5.7 |
5.6 |
5.8 |
5.9 |
5.9 |
Leisure and hospitality |
926 |
1,074 |
1,039 |
1,050 |
1,102 |
1,105 |
5.4 |
6.2 |
5.9 |
6.0 |
6.2 |
6.2 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
93 |
100 |
94 |
102 |
154 |
114 |
3.8 |
4.0 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
5.9 |
4.4 |
Accommodation and food services |
832 |
974 |
944 |
948 |
948 |
991 |
5.7 |
6.5 |
6.3 |
6.3 |
6.3 |
6.5 |
Other services |
205 |
246 |
314 |
282 |
271 |
173 |
3.4 |
4.0 |
5.1 |
4.6 |
4.4 |
2.9 |
Government |
566 |
621 |
637 |
665 |
619 |
678 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
2.9 |
Federal |
115 |
83 |
101 |
110 |
87 |
122 |
3.9 |
2.9 |
3.5 |
3.8 |
3.0 |
4.2 |
State and local |
452 |
538 |
536 |
554 |
532 |
556 |
2.3 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
State and local education |
173 |
220 |
231 |
230 |
229 |
223 |
1.6 |
2.1 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
State and local, excluding education |
279 |
318 |
304 |
325 |
304 |
333 |
3.0 |
3.3 |
3.2 |
3.4 |
3.2 |
3.5 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
1,141 |
1,269 |
1,277 |
1,284 |
1,230 |
1,272 |
4.0 |
4.4 |
4.4 |
4.4 |
4.3 |
4.4 |
South |
2,358 |
2,720 |
2,862 |
2,878 |
2,848 |
2,847 |
4.2 |
4.7 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
4.9 |
4.9 |
Midwest |
1,550 |
1,744 |
1,800 |
1,805 |
1,767 |
1,786 |
4.6 |
5.0 |
5.2 |
5.2 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
West |
1,543 |
1,659 |
1,655 |
1,660 |
1,634 |
1,676 |
4.3 |
4.6 |
4.6 |
4.6 |
4.5 |
4.6 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors, and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
5,525 |
5,670 |
5,877 |
5,821 |
5,717 |
5,801 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
3.8 |
3.9 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
5,194 |
5,327 |
5,515 |
5,447 |
5,353 |
5,430 |
4.1 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
4.3 |
4.2 |
4.2 |
Mining and logging |
34 |
42 |
37 |
32 |
39 |
38 |
4.9 |
5.6 |
4.9 |
4.2 |
5.1 |
5.0 |
Construction |
354 |
378 |
363 |
393 |
399 |
428 |
5.0 |
5.1 |
4.9 |
5.3 |
5.4 |
5.7 |
Manufacturing |
365 |
336 |
382 |
368 |
351 |
356 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
Durable goods |
217 |
192 |
228 |
202 |
186 |
186 |
2.8 |
2.4 |
2.8 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
Nondurable goods |
148 |
145 |
155 |
166 |
165 |
170 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.6 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,132 |
1,158 |
1,225 |
1,183 |
1,176 |
1,126 |
4.1 |
4.2 |
4.4 |
4.3 |
4.2 |
4.0 |
Wholesale trade |
143 |
141 |
163 |
186 |
151 |
128 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.8 |
3.2 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
Retail trade |
763 |
797 |
785 |
744 |
802 |
756 |
4.8 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
4.7 |
5.1 |
4.8 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
227 |
220 |
277 |
253 |
224 |
243 |
3.9 |
3.7 |
4.6 |
4.2 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
Information |
89 |
89 |
85 |
97 |
80 |
81 |
3.2 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
3.4 |
2.8 |
2.9 |
Financial activities |
221 |
223 |
170 |
213 |
201 |
191 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
Finance and insurance |
155 |
148 |
102 |
135 |
133 |
112 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
1.6 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
66 |
75 |
68 |
79 |
67 |
78 |
2.9 |
3.3 |
3.0 |
3.4 |
2.9 |
3.4 |
Professional and business services |
1,092 |
1,129 |
1,200 |
1,136 |
1,144 |
1,128 |
5.3 |
5.3 |
5.7 |
5.4 |
5.4 |
5.3 |
Education and health services |
693 |
669 |
715 |
692 |
717 |
730 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
Educational services |
112 |
89 |
97 |
106 |
124 |
108 |
3.0 |
2.4 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
3.3 |
2.9 |
Health care and social assistance |
581 |
580 |
618 |
586 |
593 |
622 |
2.9 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
2.9 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1,014 |
1,086 |
1,114 |
1,085 |
1,037 |
1,110 |
6.3 |
6.6 |
6.8 |
6.6 |
6.3 |
6.7 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
173 |
177 |
191 |
180 |
154 |
183 |
7.3 |
7.3 |
7.9 |
7.4 |
6.3 |
7.4 |
Accommodation and food services |
840 |
909 |
923 |
905 |
883 |
927 |
6.1 |
6.5 |
6.6 |
6.4 |
6.3 |
6.6 |
Other services |
201 |
216 |
224 |
249 |
209 |
241 |
3.5 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
4.2 |
3.6 |
4.1 |
Government |
330 |
343 |
362 |
375 |
364 |
372 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
Federal |
32 |
37 |
37 |
44 |
36 |
36 |
1.1 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
State and local |
298 |
306 |
325 |
331 |
328 |
335 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
State and local education |
149 |
158 |
170 |
178 |
176 |
166 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
State and local, excluding education |
150 |
148 |
155 |
153 |
152 |
170 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
846 |
814 |
870 |
924 |
871 |
863 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.2 |
3.3 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
South |
2,183 |
2,310 |
2,394 |
2,268 |
2,204 |
2,334 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.4 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
Midwest |
1,212 |
1,321 |
1,287 |
1,312 |
1,324 |
1,288 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
3.9 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
3.9 |
West |
1,283 |
1,225 |
1,326 |
1,318 |
1,318 |
1,317 |
3.8 |
3.5 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors, and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
5,317 |
5,558 |
5,642 |
5,597 |
5,469 |
5,550 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.7 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
4,983 |
5,216 |
5,279 |
5,230 |
5,122 |
5,190 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
Mining and logging |
30 |
37 |
31 |
35 |
34 |
33 |
4.2 |
5.0 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
4.5 |
4.3 |
Construction |
329 |
361 |
344 |
380 |
369 |
391 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
4.7 |
5.2 |
5.0 |
5.2 |
Manufacturing |
347 |
320 |
352 |
361 |
342 |
342 |
2.8 |
2.5 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
Durable goods |
201 |
180 |
208 |
203 |
175 |
170 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
Nondurable goods |
146 |
141 |
144 |
157 |
167 |
172 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
3.6 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,103 |
1,174 |
1,195 |
1,141 |
1,134 |
1,097 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
3.9 |
Wholesale trade |
160 |
135 |
154 |
165 |
143 |
137 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
Retail trade |
736 |
838 |
801 |
741 |
765 |
729 |
4.7 |
5.3 |
5.1 |
4.7 |
4.8 |
4.6 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
207 |
201 |
240 |
235 |
226 |
232 |
3.5 |
3.3 |
4.0 |
3.9 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
Information |
97 |
92 |
68 |
88 |
87 |
87 |
3.5 |
3.3 |
2.4 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
Financial activities |
208 |
209 |
166 |
195 |
180 |
180 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
Finance and insurance |
146 |
143 |
104 |
132 |
131 |
111 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
1.6 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
63 |
66 |
63 |
63 |
49 |
69 |
2.8 |
2.9 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.1 |
3.0 |
Professional and business services |
1,028 |
1,079 |
1,161 |
1,092 |
1,116 |
1,089 |
5.0 |
5.1 |
5.5 |
5.1 |
5.3 |
5.1 |
Education and health services |
626 |
628 |
663 |
651 |
652 |
674 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
Educational services |
92 |
95 |
99 |
101 |
101 |
98 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
Health care and social assistance |
534 |
532 |
564 |
549 |
551 |
577 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.9 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1,019 |
1,097 |
1,079 |
1,056 |
1,007 |
1,065 |
6.3 |
6.7 |
6.6 |
6.4 |
6.1 |
6.4 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
170 |
164 |
176 |
177 |
153 |
155 |
7.2 |
6.8 |
7.2 |
7.3 |
6.3 |
6.3 |
Accommodation and food services |
850 |
932 |
904 |
879 |
853 |
910 |
6.1 |
6.7 |
6.4 |
6.3 |
6.0 |
6.4 |
Other services |
196 |
219 |
219 |
233 |
201 |
233 |
3.4 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
3.4 |
4.0 |
Government |
334 |
342 |
363 |
367 |
347 |
359 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
Federal |
30 |
36 |
32 |
35 |
44 |
33 |
1.1 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
1.3 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
State and local |
304 |
306 |
332 |
332 |
304 |
326 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
State and local education |
155 |
160 |
185 |
184 |
163 |
166 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
State and local, excluding education |
149 |
146 |
147 |
147 |
141 |
161 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
859 |
854 |
816 |
790 |
820 |
791 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
South |
2,121 |
2,253 |
2,193 |
2,253 |
2,197 |
2,291 |
3.9 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
Midwest |
1,117 |
1,234 |
1,314 |
1,347 |
1,231 |
1,231 |
3.4 |
3.8 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
West |
1,221 |
1,216 |
1,319 |
1,206 |
1,221 |
1,236 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
3.8 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.6 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors, and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
3,022 |
3,393 |
3,469 |
3,379 |
3,391 |
3,490 |
2.0 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
2,853 |
3,223 |
3,287 |
3,184 |
3,205 |
3,284 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
Mining and logging |
21 |
21 |
19 |
20 |
22 |
18 |
2.9 |
2.9 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.9 |
2.4 |
Construction |
155 |
170 |
180 |
174 |
185 |
184 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
Manufacturing |
208 |
202 |
205 |
226 |
211 |
209 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
Durable goods |
117 |
110 |
112 |
126 |
111 |
106 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
Nondurable goods |
91 |
92 |
93 |
100 |
100 |
103 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.2 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
650 |
763 |
732 |
706 |
715 |
716 |
2.4 |
2.8 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
Wholesale trade |
92 |
88 |
85 |
95 |
89 |
89 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
Retail trade |
451 |
569 |
514 |
480 |
493 |
496 |
2.9 |
3.6 |
3.3 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
108 |
107 |
133 |
131 |
133 |
132 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
Information |
48 |
41 |
43 |
56 |
43 |
46 |
1.7 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
Financial activities |
115 |
125 |
108 |
101 |
106 |
105 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
Finance and insurance |
75 |
75 |
61 |
64 |
76 |
62 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
40 |
51 |
47 |
37 |
31 |
43 |
1.8 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.9 |
Professional and business services |
550 |
605 |
673 |
625 |
649 |
675 |
2.7 |
2.9 |
3.2 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
Education and health services |
377 |
411 |
461 |
451 |
448 |
435 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
Educational services |
48 |
51 |
66 |
52 |
52 |
45 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
330 |
360 |
395 |
400 |
397 |
389 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
Leisure and hospitality |
615 |
739 |
732 |
686 |
706 |
767 |
3.8 |
4.5 |
4.4 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
4.6 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
72 |
81 |
89 |
70 |
56 |
75 |
3.0 |
3.4 |
3.7 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
3.1 |
Accommodation and food services |
544 |
658 |
643 |
615 |
650 |
692 |
3.9 |
4.7 |
4.6 |
4.4 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
Other services |
113 |
144 |
134 |
139 |
120 |
129 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
Government |
169 |
170 |
182 |
195 |
186 |
206 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
Federal |
13 |
18 |
16 |
18 |
20 |
14 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.5 |
State and local |
156 |
152 |
166 |
178 |
166 |
192 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
State and local education |
81 |
75 |
92 |
96 |
89 |
106 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
State and local, excluding education |
76 |
76 |
74 |
81 |
77 |
86 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
417 |
447 |
406 |
412 |
464 |
452 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
South |
1,203 |
1,420 |
1,436 |
1,391 |
1,423 |
1,457 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
Midwest |
676 |
747 |
797 |
817 |
744 |
790 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
West |
726 |
778 |
831 |
759 |
760 |
790 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors, and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
1,934 |
1,818 |
1,855 |
1,889 |
1,751 |
1,723 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
1,829 |
1,701 |
1,731 |
1,780 |
1,653 |
1,624 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
Mining and logging |
8 |
14 |
10 |
13 |
10 |
13 |
1.1 |
1.9 |
1.3 |
1.8 |
1.3 |
1.7 |
Construction |
167 |
180 |
148 |
192 |
164 |
184 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.0 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
2.5 |
Manufacturing |
111 |
101 |
130 |
109 |
111 |
112 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
Durable goods |
67 |
59 |
83 |
60 |
51 |
52 |
0.9 |
0.7 |
1.0 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
Nondurable goods |
44 |
41 |
47 |
49 |
60 |
60 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
373 |
360 |
409 |
366 |
360 |
312 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
Wholesale trade |
52 |
42 |
58 |
50 |
45 |
39 |
0.9 |
0.7 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
Retail trade |
232 |
231 |
256 |
221 |
230 |
190 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
89 |
87 |
96 |
94 |
85 |
83 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
Information |
41 |
46 |
21 |
24 |
38 |
31 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
0.7 |
0.9 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
Financial activities |
69 |
56 |
34 |
64 |
58 |
53 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.4 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
Finance and insurance |
48 |
43 |
20 |
44 |
44 |
33 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.3 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.5 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
21 |
13 |
14 |
20 |
14 |
20 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
0.9 |
Professional and business services |
418 |
399 |
418 |
426 |
406 |
362 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
Education and health services |
185 |
162 |
165 |
166 |
155 |
192 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
Educational services |
40 |
37 |
28 |
45 |
42 |
45 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
146 |
125 |
136 |
121 |
112 |
147 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
Leisure and hospitality |
382 |
314 |
320 |
329 |
279 |
274 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
96 |
75 |
85 |
100 |
96 |
78 |
4.0 |
3.1 |
3.5 |
4.1 |
3.9 |
3.2 |
Accommodation and food services |
286 |
239 |
236 |
230 |
183 |
195 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
Other services |
75 |
69 |
75 |
89 |
73 |
90 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
Government |
106 |
117 |
125 |
110 |
98 |
100 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
Federal |
9 |
7 |
7 |
5 |
9 |
10 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
State and local |
96 |
110 |
118 |
104 |
89 |
89 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
State and local education |
51 |
66 |
67 |
63 |
51 |
37 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
State and local, excluding education |
45 |
44 |
51 |
42 |
38 |
52 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.6 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
387 |
341 |
350 |
318 |
303 |
277 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
South |
782 |
708 |
663 |
720 |
649 |
697 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
Midwest |
364 |
413 |
442 |
464 |
407 |
378 |
1.1 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
West |
402 |
356 |
401 |
387 |
392 |
371 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors, and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Sept.
2018 |
Oct.
2018 |
Nov.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
361 |
348 |
318 |
328 |
327 |
336 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
302 |
291 |
261 |
266 |
263 |
282 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Mining and logging |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
Construction |
8 |
11 |
16 |
14 |
21 |
22 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Manufacturing |
28 |
18 |
16 |
25 |
19 |
21 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Durable goods |
17 |
10 |
12 |
17 |
13 |
12 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
Nondurable goods |
11 |
7 |
4 |
8 |
6 |
9 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
80 |
52 |
55 |
69 |
59 |
69 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Wholesale trade |
16 |
6 |
12 |
20 |
8 |
9 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Retail trade |
54 |
39 |
31 |
40 |
41 |
44 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
10 |
7 |
12 |
10 |
9 |
17 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Information |
9 |
5 |
3 |
7 |
6 |
10 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Financial activities |
24 |
27 |
24 |
30 |
15 |
22 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Finance and insurance |
23 |
26 |
23 |
24 |
11 |
16 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
2 |
2 |
1 |
5 |
4 |
6 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Professional and business services |
60 |
75 |
70 |
41 |
61 |
52 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
Education and health services |
63 |
54 |
38 |
33 |
49 |
47 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Educational services |
4 |
8 |
5 |
5 |
7 |
7 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
59 |
47 |
33 |
29 |
42 |
40 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Leisure and hospitality |
22 |
43 |
27 |
41 |
22 |
23 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
2 |
9 |
2 |
7 |
1 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.4 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
Accommodation and food services |
20 |
35 |
25 |
34 |
21 |
23 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Other services |
7 |
5 |
9 |
4 |
9 |
14 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Government |
59 |
56 |
57 |
62 |
64 |
54 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
Federal |
7 |
11 |
9 |
12 |
15 |
9 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
State and local |
51 |
45 |
48 |
50 |
49 |
45 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
State and local education |
23 |
19 |
26 |
26 |
23 |
23 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
State and local, excluding education |
28 |
26 |
21 |
24 |
25 |
22 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
55 |
66 |
61 |
61 |
53 |
62 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
South |
137 |
125 |
95 |
142 |
125 |
137 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Midwest |
77 |
75 |
74 |
66 |
80 |
62 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
West |
92 |
82 |
88 |
60 |
70 |
75 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates, the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors, and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
6,484 |
6,921 |
7,484 |
4.3 |
4.4 |
4.8 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
5,940 |
6,321 |
6,834 |
4.6 |
4.7 |
5.2 |
Mining and logging |
26 |
29 |
40 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
5.1 |
Construction |
245 |
299 |
302 |
3.5 |
3.9 |
4.1 |
Manufacturing |
436 |
435 |
452 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
Durable goods |
261 |
298 |
305 |
3.2 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
Nondurable goods |
175 |
137 |
146 |
3.6 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,245 |
1,350 |
1,336 |
4.4 |
4.5 |
4.6 |
Wholesale trade |
219 |
163 |
286 |
3.6 |
2.7 |
4.6 |
Retail trade |
735 |
868 |
738 |
4.5 |
5.1 |
4.5 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
290 |
318 |
312 |
4.7 |
4.8 |
4.9 |
Information |
123 |
123 |
165 |
4.2 |
4.1 |
5.6 |
Financial activities |
431 |
373 |
495 |
4.9 |
4.1 |
5.5 |
Finance and insurance |
346 |
310 |
372 |
5.2 |
4.7 |
5.6 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
85 |
63 |
123 |
3.7 |
2.7 |
5.2 |
Professional and business services |
1,103 |
1,275 |
1,325 |
5.1 |
5.6 |
6.0 |
Education and health services |
1,251 |
1,294 |
1,491 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
5.9 |
Educational services |
123 |
91 |
120 |
3.3 |
2.3 |
3.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
1,129 |
1,204 |
1,372 |
5.4 |
5.6 |
6.4 |
Leisure and hospitality |
868 |
893 |
1,053 |
5.3 |
5.2 |
6.2 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
93 |
102 |
112 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
4.9 |
Accommodation and food services |
776 |
791 |
940 |
5.5 |
5.4 |
6.4 |
Other services |
211 |
250 |
176 |
3.6 |
4.1 |
2.9 |
Government |
545 |
600 |
649 |
2.4 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
Federal |
115 |
87 |
122 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
4.2 |
State and local |
430 |
514 |
527 |
2.2 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
State and local education |
151 |
210 |
194 |
1.4 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
State and local, excluding education |
279 |
304 |
333 |
3.0 |
3.2 |
3.5 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
1,112 |
1,154 |
1,248 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
4.4 |
South |
2,340 |
2,672 |
2,830 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
5.0 |
Midwest |
1,475 |
1,619 |
1,712 |
4.4 |
4.6 |
5.0 |
West |
1,558 |
1,476 |
1,693 |
4.4 |
4.1 |
4.7 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
5,250 |
4,210 |
5,514 |
3.6 |
2.8 |
3.7 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
4,959 |
3,991 |
5,180 |
4.0 |
3.1 |
4.1 |
Mining and logging |
38 |
27 |
41 |
5.5 |
3.6 |
5.5 |
Construction |
326 |
221 |
395 |
4.8 |
3.0 |
5.6 |
Manufacturing |
380 |
233 |
371 |
3.0 |
1.8 |
2.9 |
Durable goods |
234 |
123 |
202 |
3.0 |
1.5 |
2.5 |
Nondurable goods |
146 |
110 |
168 |
3.1 |
2.3 |
3.6 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
946 |
953 |
936 |
3.5 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
Wholesale trade |
160 |
113 |
144 |
2.8 |
1.9 |
2.5 |
Retail trade |
583 |
612 |
575 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.7 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
204 |
228 |
217 |
3.5 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
Information |
102 |
60 |
93 |
3.7 |
2.1 |
3.3 |
Financial activities |
252 |
138 |
221 |
3.0 |
1.6 |
2.6 |
Finance and insurance |
180 |
96 |
137 |
2.9 |
1.5 |
2.2 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
72 |
42 |
84 |
3.3 |
1.9 |
3.7 |
Professional and business services |
1,142 |
938 |
1,175 |
5.6 |
4.4 |
5.6 |
Education and health services |
725 |
515 |
767 |
3.1 |
2.1 |
3.2 |
Educational services |
105 |
68 |
103 |
2.9 |
1.8 |
2.8 |
Health care and social assistance |
619 |
447 |
664 |
3.1 |
2.2 |
3.3 |
Leisure and hospitality |
845 |
770 |
938 |
5.5 |
4.8 |
5.9 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
120 |
101 |
127 |
5.7 |
4.5 |
5.8 |
Accommodation and food services |
725 |
668 |
811 |
5.4 |
4.8 |
5.9 |
Other services |
204 |
135 |
245 |
3.6 |
2.3 |
4.2 |
Government |
291 |
219 |
333 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
1.5 |
Federal |
29 |
27 |
33 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
State and local |
262 |
192 |
300 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
1.5 |
State and local education |
145 |
95 |
163 |
1.4 |
0.9 |
1.6 |
State and local, excluding education |
118 |
97 |
138 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
1.5 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
763 |
640 |
779 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
2.9 |
South |
2,214 |
1,650 |
2,360 |
4.2 |
3.0 |
4.4 |
Midwest |
1,095 |
949 |
1,159 |
3.4 |
2.9 |
3.6 |
West |
1,178 |
971 |
1,216 |
3.5 |
2.8 |
3.5 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
5,861 |
5,139 |
6,018 |
4.0 |
3.4 |
4.1 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
5,562 |
4,842 |
5,697 |
4.5 |
3.8 |
4.5 |
Mining and logging |
33 |
33 |
38 |
4.8 |
4.3 |
5.1 |
Construction |
366 |
392 |
435 |
5.4 |
5.4 |
6.2 |
Manufacturing |
346 |
287 |
341 |
2.8 |
2.2 |
2.7 |
Durable goods |
207 |
143 |
175 |
2.6 |
1.8 |
2.2 |
Nondurable goods |
140 |
144 |
166 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.5 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,487 |
1,195 |
1,425 |
5.4 |
4.2 |
5.2 |
Wholesale trade |
168 |
124 |
144 |
2.9 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
Retail trade |
963 |
807 |
911 |
6.1 |
5.0 |
5.8 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
356 |
263 |
371 |
6.1 |
4.2 |
6.1 |
Information |
123 |
77 |
108 |
4.4 |
2.7 |
3.9 |
Financial activities |
244 |
168 |
208 |
2.9 |
1.9 |
2.4 |
Finance and insurance |
168 |
121 |
126 |
2.7 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
76 |
46 |
81 |
3.5 |
2.0 |
3.6 |
Professional and business services |
1,155 |
1,111 |
1,199 |
5.7 |
5.2 |
5.7 |
Education and health services |
667 |
557 |
719 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
3.0 |
Educational services |
90 |
76 |
97 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
2.7 |
Health care and social assistance |
577 |
481 |
622 |
2.9 |
2.4 |
3.1 |
Leisure and hospitality |
952 |
858 |
999 |
6.2 |
5.3 |
6.3 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
128 |
118 |
115 |
6.1 |
5.2 |
5.3 |
Accommodation and food services |
824 |
741 |
883 |
6.2 |
5.3 |
6.5 |
Other services |
188 |
163 |
225 |
3.3 |
2.8 |
3.9 |
Government |
298 |
297 |
320 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
Federal |
39 |
45 |
44 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
State and local |
260 |
253 |
277 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
State and local education |
129 |
127 |
138 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
State and local, excluding education |
131 |
126 |
139 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
991 |
801 |
889 |
3.7 |
2.9 |
3.3 |
South |
2,338 |
1,956 |
2,487 |
4.4 |
3.5 |
4.6 |
Midwest |
1,222 |
1,210 |
1,330 |
3.8 |
3.6 |
4.1 |
West |
1,309 |
1,172 |
1,312 |
3.9 |
3.4 |
3.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
3,002 |
2,908 |
3,456 |
2.1 |
1.9 |
2.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
2,852 |
2,771 |
3,273 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
Mining and logging |
20 |
18 |
18 |
2.9 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
Construction |
141 |
157 |
171 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.4 |
Manufacturing |
195 |
154 |
197 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
Durable goods |
112 |
81 |
102 |
1.4 |
1.0 |
1.3 |
Nondurable goods |
83 |
73 |
95 |
1.8 |
1.5 |
2.0 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
652 |
657 |
714 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
2.6 |
Wholesale trade |
97 |
72 |
95 |
1.7 |
1.2 |
1.6 |
Retail trade |
461 |
448 |
503 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
3.2 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
94 |
138 |
115 |
1.6 |
2.2 |
1.9 |
Information |
53 |
36 |
51 |
1.9 |
1.3 |
1.8 |
Financial activities |
115 |
99 |
104 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
Finance and insurance |
75 |
69 |
61 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
40 |
31 |
43 |
1.9 |
1.3 |
1.9 |
Professional and business services |
599 |
583 |
721 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
3.5 |
Education and health services |
398 |
377 |
456 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.9 |
Educational services |
47 |
36 |
44 |
1.3 |
0.9 |
1.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
351 |
341 |
412 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
2.0 |
Leisure and hospitality |
567 |
597 |
715 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
4.5 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
55 |
40 |
58 |
2.6 |
1.8 |
2.6 |
Accommodation and food services |
512 |
557 |
658 |
3.8 |
4.0 |
4.8 |
Other services |
111 |
93 |
126 |
1.9 |
1.6 |
2.2 |
Government |
150 |
137 |
183 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
Federal |
14 |
18 |
14 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
State and local |
136 |
119 |
169 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.9 |
State and local education |
67 |
58 |
89 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.8 |
State and local, excluding education |
69 |
61 |
80 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.9 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
447 |
404 |
479 |
1.7 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
South |
1,201 |
1,182 |
1,452 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
2.7 |
Midwest |
648 |
638 |
756 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
2.3 |
West |
706 |
684 |
768 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
2,432 |
1,915 |
2,173 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
2,346 |
1,818 |
2,092 |
1.9 |
1.4 |
1.7 |
Mining and logging |
12 |
12 |
19 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
2.5 |
Construction |
216 |
214 |
242 |
3.2 |
2.9 |
3.4 |
Manufacturing |
118 |
113 |
120 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
Durable goods |
73 |
48 |
58 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
Nondurable goods |
45 |
66 |
62 |
1.0 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
730 |
485 |
623 |
2.7 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
Wholesale trade |
52 |
45 |
39 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
Retail trade |
426 |
323 |
346 |
2.7 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
252 |
116 |
238 |
4.3 |
1.8 |
3.9 |
Information |
61 |
35 |
48 |
2.2 |
1.2 |
1.7 |
Financial activities |
95 |
54 |
74 |
1.1 |
0.6 |
0.9 |
Finance and insurance |
61 |
42 |
42 |
1.0 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
34 |
12 |
32 |
1.6 |
0.5 |
1.4 |
Professional and business services |
474 |
471 |
408 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
Education and health services |
205 |
133 |
215 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
0.9 |
Educational services |
38 |
35 |
45 |
1.1 |
0.9 |
1.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
167 |
97 |
171 |
0.9 |
0.5 |
0.8 |
Leisure and hospitality |
364 |
239 |
260 |
2.4 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
72 |
77 |
57 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
2.6 |
Accommodation and food services |
293 |
163 |
203 |
2.2 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
Other services |
70 |
61 |
84 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
1.5 |
Government |
87 |
97 |
81 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
Federal |
12 |
10 |
14 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
State and local |
74 |
87 |
66 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
State and local education |
44 |
53 |
32 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
State and local, excluding education |
30 |
34 |
34 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
479 |
352 |
341 |
1.8 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
South |
975 |
647 |
877 |
1.8 |
1.2 |
1.6 |
Midwest |
474 |
490 |
490 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
West |
503 |
426 |
465 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Jan.
2018 |
Dec.
2018 |
Jan.
2019 |
Total |
427 |
316 |
389 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
365 |
253 |
332 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Mining and logging |
2 |
2 |
1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Construction |
8 |
21 |
22 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Manufacturing |
33 |
21 |
24 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Durable goods |
22 |
14 |
15 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Nondurable goods |
11 |
6 |
9 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
105 |
54 |
89 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Wholesale trade |
18 |
8 |
10 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Retail trade |
77 |
37 |
62 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
10 |
9 |
17 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
Information |
9 |
6 |
10 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Financial activities |
34 |
14 |
29 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Finance and insurance |
32 |
10 |
23 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
2 |
4 |
6 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Professional and business services |
83 |
58 |
70 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Education and health services |
64 |
47 |
49 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Educational services |
5 |
5 |
9 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
59 |
42 |
40 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Leisure and hospitality |
22 |
22 |
23 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
Accommodation and food services |
20 |
21 |
23 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Other services |
7 |
9 |
14 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Government |
62 |
63 |
57 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Federal |
12 |
16 |
15 |
0.4 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
State and local |
49 |
46 |
42 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
State and local education |
18 |
16 |
17 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
State and local, excluding education |
32 |
30 |
25 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
64 |
45 |
68 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
South |
162 |
128 |
158 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Midwest |
101 |
81 |
85 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
West |
100 |
62 |
79 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 13. Annual hires levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
58,955 |
62,616 |
63,724 |
65,669 |
68,949 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
55,369 |
58,548 |
59,515 |
61,526 |
64,569 |
Mining and logging |
393 |
302 |
292 |
373 |
470 |
Construction |
3,716 |
3,987 |
4,067 |
4,593 |
4,544 |
Manufacturing |
3,146 |
3,223 |
3,351 |
3,986 |
4,403 |
Durable goods |
1,846 |
1,880 |
1,924 |
2,238 |
2,517 |
Nondurable goods |
1,295 |
1,342 |
1,426 |
1,750 |
1,886 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
12,855 |
13,072 |
12,866 |
12,659 |
13,870 |
Wholesale trade |
1,723 |
1,643 |
1,644 |
1,653 |
1,754 |
Retail trade |
8,905 |
9,095 |
8,798 |
8,487 |
9,242 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
2,227 |
2,332 |
2,425 |
2,515 |
2,874 |
Information |
1,001 |
979 |
982 |
1,020 |
1,084 |
Financial activities |
2,311 |
2,370 |
2,402 |
2,531 |
2,516 |
Finance and insurance |
1,536 |
1,589 |
1,598 |
1,657 |
1,651 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
774 |
781 |
803 |
870 |
865 |
Professional and business services |
12,209 |
12,947 |
13,332 |
13,440 |
13,866 |
Education and health services |
6,928 |
7,511 |
7,687 |
8,010 |
8,260 |
Educational services |
1,069 |
1,095 |
1,114 |
1,141 |
1,184 |
Health care and social assistance |
5,859 |
6,416 |
6,573 |
6,866 |
7,073 |
Leisure and hospitality |
10,585 |
11,646 |
12,219 |
12,227 |
12,920 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1,782 |
1,845 |
1,907 |
2,037 |
2,227 |
Accommodation and food services |
8,802 |
9,798 |
10,312 |
10,189 |
10,694 |
Other services |
2,221 |
2,513 |
2,313 |
2,692 |
2,636 |
Government |
3,589 |
4,069 |
4,211 |
4,143 |
4,378 |
Federal |
337 |
413 |
414 |
382 |
420 |
State and local |
3,254 |
3,652 |
3,796 |
3,762 |
3,962 |
State and local education |
1,554 |
1,819 |
1,844 |
1,826 |
2,050 |
State and local, excluding education |
1,700 |
1,834 |
1,950 |
1,937 |
1,913 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
8,975 |
9,914 |
10,194 |
10,492 |
10,652 |
South |
23,219 |
24,459 |
24,399 |
25,910 |
27,208 |
Midwest |
13,202 |
13,934 |
14,342 |
14,348 |
15,527 |
West |
13,562 |
14,309 |
14,791 |
14,916 |
15,563 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 14. Annual hires rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
42.4 |
44.1 |
44.1 |
44.8 |
46.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
47.3 |
48.9 |
48.7 |
49.5 |
51.0 |
Mining and logging |
44.1 |
37.1 |
43.7 |
55.2 |
64.2 |
Construction |
60.4 |
61.7 |
60.4 |
65.9 |
62.3 |
Manufacturing |
25.8 |
26.1 |
27.1 |
32.0 |
34.7 |
Durable goods |
24.1 |
24.2 |
24.9 |
28.9 |
31.7 |
Nondurable goods |
28.7 |
29.3 |
30.7 |
37.2 |
39.8 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
48.8 |
48.7 |
47.3 |
46.2 |
50.1 |
Wholesale trade |
30.0 |
28.4 |
28.4 |
28.4 |
30.0 |
Retail trade |
58.0 |
58.3 |
55.6 |
53.6 |
58.4 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
42.7 |
42.9 |
43.5 |
43.7 |
48.1 |
Information |
36.7 |
35.6 |
35.1 |
36.2 |
38.3 |
Financial activities |
29.0 |
29.2 |
29.0 |
29.9 |
29.4 |
Finance and insurance |
25.9 |
26.3 |
26.0 |
26.5 |
26.1 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
37.8 |
37.4 |
37.5 |
39.7 |
38.4 |
Professional and business services |
63.8 |
65.7 |
66.3 |
65.5 |
66.0 |
Education and health services |
32.3 |
34.1 |
34.0 |
34.5 |
34.9 |
Educational services |
31.3 |
31.5 |
31.2 |
31.1 |
31.8 |
Health care and social assistance |
32.5 |
34.6 |
34.5 |
35.2 |
35.5 |
Leisure and hospitality |
72.0 |
76.8 |
78.0 |
76.2 |
79.0 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
84.7 |
85.2 |
84.7 |
87.3 |
93.1 |
Accommodation and food services |
69.9 |
75.4 |
76.9 |
74.3 |
76.6 |
Other services |
39.9 |
44.7 |
40.6 |
46.7 |
45.1 |
Government |
16.4 |
18.5 |
18.9 |
18.5 |
19.5 |
Federal |
12.3 |
15.0 |
14.8 |
13.6 |
15.0 |
State and local |
17.0 |
18.9 |
19.5 |
19.2 |
20.2 |
State and local education |
15.2 |
17.7 |
17.8 |
17.6 |
19.6 |
State and local, excluding education |
19.0 |
20.4 |
21.4 |
21.2 |
20.8 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
34.8 |
37.9 |
38.4 |
39.0 |
38.9 |
South |
45.9 |
47.3 |
46.3 |
48.4 |
49.9 |
Midwest |
42.5 |
44.1 |
44.9 |
44.5 |
47.4 |
West |
43.0 |
44.2 |
44.6 |
44.0 |
45.1 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 15. Annual total separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
55,931 |
59,925 |
61,509 |
63,454 |
66,097 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
52,434 |
56,008 |
57,439 |
59,400 |
61,907 |
Mining and logging |
358 |
452 |
395 |
328 |
406 |
Construction |
3,410 |
3,644 |
3,923 |
4,281 |
4,227 |
Manufacturing |
2,934 |
3,159 |
3,366 |
3,812 |
4,137 |
Durable goods |
1,689 |
1,884 |
1,980 |
2,120 |
2,297 |
Nondurable goods |
1,248 |
1,276 |
1,386 |
1,694 |
1,841 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
12,226 |
12,659 |
12,482 |
12,502 |
13,564 |
Wholesale trade |
1,641 |
1,626 |
1,614 |
1,625 |
1,684 |
Retail trade |
8,600 |
8,906 |
8,626 |
8,534 |
9,236 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
1,982 |
2,127 |
2,244 |
2,341 |
2,642 |
Information |
991 |
950 |
929 |
1,009 |
1,086 |
Financial activities |
2,197 |
2,227 |
2,218 |
2,386 |
2,401 |
Finance and insurance |
1,480 |
1,481 |
1,468 |
1,579 |
1,602 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
718 |
745 |
751 |
807 |
797 |
Professional and business services |
11,584 |
12,430 |
13,013 |
13,018 |
13,301 |
Education and health services |
6,423 |
6,874 |
7,102 |
7,550 |
7,694 |
Educational services |
984 |
1,017 |
1,034 |
1,063 |
1,107 |
Health care and social assistance |
5,440 |
5,858 |
6,070 |
6,487 |
6,589 |
Leisure and hospitality |
10,151 |
11,149 |
11,762 |
11,900 |
12,545 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1,725 |
1,771 |
1,824 |
1,956 |
2,092 |
Accommodation and food services |
8,426 |
9,378 |
9,938 |
9,942 |
10,452 |
Other services |
2,163 |
2,460 |
2,246 |
2,610 |
2,549 |
Government |
3,495 |
3,915 |
4,072 |
4,055 |
4,188 |
Federal |
330 |
382 |
372 |
402 |
410 |
State and local |
3,165 |
3,531 |
3,699 |
3,653 |
3,780 |
State and local education |
1,510 |
1,764 |
1,816 |
1,767 |
1,932 |
State and local, excluding education |
1,655 |
1,766 |
1,884 |
1,887 |
1,845 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
8,907 |
9,462 |
9,898 |
10,298 |
10,110 |
South |
21,858 |
23,416 |
23,647 |
25,110 |
26,175 |
Midwest |
12,338 |
13,351 |
13,807 |
13,822 |
14,703 |
West |
12,829 |
13,694 |
14,157 |
14,225 |
15,107 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 16. Annual total separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
40.3 |
42.2 |
42.6 |
43.3 |
44.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
44.8 |
46.7 |
47.0 |
47.8 |
48.9 |
Mining and logging |
40.2 |
55.6 |
59.1 |
48.5 |
55.5 |
Construction |
55.4 |
56.4 |
58.3 |
61.4 |
58.0 |
Manufacturing |
24.1 |
25.6 |
27.2 |
30.6 |
32.6 |
Durable goods |
22.0 |
24.3 |
25.7 |
27.4 |
28.9 |
Nondurable goods |
27.7 |
27.9 |
29.9 |
36.1 |
38.8 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
46.4 |
47.2 |
45.9 |
45.6 |
49.0 |
Wholesale trade |
28.6 |
28.1 |
27.9 |
27.9 |
28.8 |
Retail trade |
56.0 |
57.0 |
54.5 |
53.9 |
58.3 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
38.0 |
39.1 |
40.2 |
40.7 |
44.2 |
Information |
36.4 |
34.5 |
33.2 |
35.8 |
38.4 |
Financial activities |
27.5 |
27.4 |
26.8 |
28.2 |
28.0 |
Finance and insurance |
25.0 |
24.5 |
23.9 |
25.2 |
25.4 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
35.1 |
35.7 |
35.1 |
36.9 |
35.3 |
Professional and business services |
60.6 |
63.1 |
64.7 |
63.5 |
63.3 |
Education and health services |
30.0 |
31.2 |
31.4 |
32.6 |
32.5 |
Educational services |
28.8 |
29.3 |
29.0 |
29.0 |
29.7 |
Health care and social assistance |
30.2 |
31.6 |
31.8 |
33.2 |
33.0 |
Leisure and hospitality |
69.1 |
73.5 |
75.1 |
74.1 |
76.7 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
82.0 |
81.8 |
81.0 |
83.8 |
87.4 |
Accommodation and food services |
66.9 |
72.2 |
74.1 |
72.5 |
74.9 |
Other services |
38.9 |
43.8 |
39.5 |
45.2 |
43.6 |
Government |
16.0 |
17.8 |
18.3 |
18.1 |
18.7 |
Federal |
12.1 |
13.9 |
13.3 |
14.3 |
14.7 |
State and local |
16.5 |
18.3 |
19.0 |
18.7 |
19.2 |
State and local education |
14.8 |
17.2 |
17.6 |
17.0 |
18.5 |
State and local, excluding education |
18.5 |
19.6 |
20.7 |
20.6 |
20.0 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
34.6 |
36.1 |
37.3 |
38.2 |
37.0 |
South |
43.2 |
45.3 |
44.9 |
46.9 |
48.0 |
Midwest |
39.7 |
42.3 |
43.2 |
42.8 |
44.9 |
West |
40.7 |
42.3 |
42.7 |
42.0 |
43.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 17. Annual quits levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
30,415 |
33,654 |
35,879 |
37,692 |
40,073 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
28,726 |
31,786 |
33,836 |
35,673 |
37,913 |
Mining and logging |
180 |
177 |
162 |
173 |
243 |
Construction |
1,294 |
1,356 |
1,490 |
1,853 |
2,055 |
Manufacturing |
1,429 |
1,614 |
1,779 |
2,294 |
2,498 |
Durable goods |
799 |
920 |
998 |
1,262 |
1,385 |
Nondurable goods |
631 |
691 |
780 |
1,030 |
1,113 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
6,999 |
7,458 |
7,701 |
7,880 |
8,548 |
Wholesale trade |
900 |
930 |
977 |
1,022 |
1,049 |
Retail trade |
5,141 |
5,455 |
5,578 |
5,613 |
6,020 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
958 |
1,070 |
1,145 |
1,243 |
1,478 |
Information |
445 |
496 |
479 |
519 |
575 |
Financial activities |
1,159 |
1,218 |
1,217 |
1,366 |
1,391 |
Finance and insurance |
746 |
825 |
809 |
913 |
845 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
412 |
395 |
407 |
456 |
544 |
Professional and business services |
5,775 |
6,470 |
7,140 |
7,454 |
7,595 |
Education and health services |
3,877 |
4,488 |
4,642 |
4,917 |
5,042 |
Educational services |
498 |
548 |
569 |
575 |
567 |
Health care and social assistance |
3,381 |
3,940 |
4,071 |
4,345 |
4,474 |
Leisure and hospitality |
6,292 |
7,143 |
7,921 |
7,749 |
8,470 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
647 |
670 |
809 |
773 |
912 |
Accommodation and food services |
5,647 |
6,473 |
7,114 |
6,975 |
7,557 |
Other services |
1,270 |
1,369 |
1,308 |
1,469 |
1,501 |
Government |
1,689 |
1,868 |
2,043 |
2,021 |
2,159 |
Federal |
122 |
140 |
149 |
175 |
189 |
State and local |
1,569 |
1,728 |
1,892 |
1,842 |
1,974 |
State and local education |
759 |
871 |
929 |
921 |
1,040 |
State and local, excluding education |
810 |
857 |
964 |
923 |
931 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
4,247 |
4,804 |
5,130 |
5,421 |
5,375 |
South |
12,551 |
13,766 |
14,394 |
15,313 |
16,312 |
Midwest |
6,760 |
7,477 |
7,973 |
8,113 |
9,008 |
West |
6,859 |
7,607 |
8,383 |
8,850 |
9,377 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 18. Annual quits rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
21.9 |
23.7 |
24.9 |
25.7 |
26.9 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
24.5 |
26.5 |
27.7 |
28.7 |
29.9 |
Mining and logging |
20.2 |
21.8 |
24.3 |
25.6 |
33.2 |
Construction |
21.0 |
21.0 |
22.1 |
26.6 |
28.2 |
Manufacturing |
11.7 |
13.1 |
14.4 |
18.4 |
19.7 |
Durable goods |
10.4 |
11.8 |
12.9 |
16.3 |
17.4 |
Nondurable goods |
14.0 |
15.1 |
16.8 |
21.9 |
23.5 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
26.6 |
27.8 |
28.3 |
28.7 |
30.9 |
Wholesale trade |
15.7 |
16.1 |
16.9 |
17.6 |
17.9 |
Retail trade |
33.5 |
34.9 |
35.2 |
35.4 |
38.0 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
18.4 |
19.7 |
20.5 |
21.6 |
24.7 |
Information |
16.3 |
18.0 |
17.1 |
18.4 |
20.3 |
Financial activities |
14.5 |
15.0 |
14.7 |
16.2 |
16.2 |
Finance and insurance |
12.6 |
13.7 |
13.2 |
14.6 |
13.4 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
20.1 |
18.9 |
19.0 |
20.8 |
24.1 |
Professional and business services |
30.2 |
32.9 |
35.5 |
36.3 |
36.2 |
Education and health services |
18.1 |
20.4 |
20.5 |
21.2 |
21.3 |
Educational services |
14.6 |
15.8 |
15.9 |
15.7 |
15.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
18.8 |
21.2 |
21.3 |
22.3 |
22.4 |
Leisure and hospitality |
42.8 |
47.1 |
50.6 |
48.3 |
51.8 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
30.8 |
30.9 |
35.9 |
33.1 |
38.1 |
Accommodation and food services |
44.8 |
49.8 |
53.1 |
50.8 |
54.2 |
Other services |
22.8 |
24.4 |
23.0 |
25.5 |
25.7 |
Government |
7.7 |
8.5 |
9.2 |
9.0 |
9.6 |
Federal |
4.5 |
5.1 |
5.3 |
6.2 |
6.8 |
State and local |
8.2 |
9.0 |
9.7 |
9.4 |
10.0 |
State and local education |
7.4 |
8.5 |
9.0 |
8.9 |
10.0 |
State and local, excluding education |
9.1 |
9.5 |
10.6 |
10.1 |
10.1 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
16.5 |
18.3 |
19.3 |
20.1 |
19.6 |
South |
24.8 |
26.6 |
27.3 |
28.6 |
29.9 |
Midwest |
21.7 |
23.7 |
24.9 |
25.1 |
27.5 |
West |
21.7 |
23.5 |
25.3 |
26.1 |
27.2 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 19. Annual layoffs and discharges levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
21,147 |
21,777 |
21,243 |
21,581 |
21,888 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
20,074 |
20,434 |
19,903 |
20,242 |
20,581 |
Mining and logging |
141 |
241 |
172 |
129 |
141 |
Construction |
1,986 |
2,136 |
2,241 |
2,245 |
2,016 |
Manufacturing |
1,213 |
1,278 |
1,295 |
1,252 |
1,387 |
Durable goods |
716 |
791 |
802 |
702 |
750 |
Nondurable goods |
497 |
487 |
494 |
550 |
638 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
4,061 |
4,014 |
3,688 |
3,730 |
4,190 |
Wholesale trade |
615 |
572 |
493 |
488 |
493 |
Retail trade |
2,629 |
2,586 |
2,304 |
2,300 |
2,681 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
814 |
862 |
891 |
945 |
1,017 |
Information |
454 |
344 |
307 |
397 |
430 |
Financial activities |
666 |
706 |
707 |
685 |
711 |
Finance and insurance |
423 |
416 |
419 |
381 |
497 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
243 |
288 |
288 |
302 |
216 |
Professional and business services |
5,216 |
5,210 |
5,199 |
4,887 |
4,936 |
Education and health services |
2,039 |
1,825 |
1,977 |
2,062 |
2,087 |
Educational services |
424 |
400 |
395 |
425 |
469 |
Health care and social assistance |
1,617 |
1,424 |
1,580 |
1,639 |
1,616 |
Leisure and hospitality |
3,535 |
3,714 |
3,471 |
3,841 |
3,762 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1,044 |
1,064 |
987 |
1,145 |
1,134 |
Accommodation and food services |
2,489 |
2,648 |
2,484 |
2,696 |
2,631 |
Other services |
762 |
970 |
848 |
1,011 |
921 |
Government |
1,072 |
1,344 |
1,341 |
1,338 |
1,308 |
Federal |
92 |
128 |
121 |
118 |
92 |
State and local |
979 |
1,213 |
1,222 |
1,221 |
1,213 |
State and local education |
484 |
615 |
609 |
556 |
607 |
State and local, excluding education |
498 |
597 |
611 |
665 |
606 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
3,858 |
3,808 |
4,028 |
4,123 |
3,959 |
South |
7,598 |
7,892 |
7,527 |
8,179 |
8,334 |
Midwest |
4,664 |
4,969 |
4,921 |
4,863 |
4,844 |
West |
5,026 |
5,108 |
4,765 |
4,413 |
4,748 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 20. Annual layoffs and discharges rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
15.2 |
15.4 |
14.7 |
14.7 |
14.7 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
17.1 |
17.1 |
16.3 |
16.3 |
16.3 |
Mining and logging |
15.8 |
29.6 |
25.7 |
19.1 |
19.3 |
Construction |
32.3 |
33.1 |
33.3 |
32.2 |
27.7 |
Manufacturing |
10.0 |
10.4 |
10.5 |
10.1 |
10.9 |
Durable goods |
9.3 |
10.2 |
10.4 |
9.1 |
9.4 |
Nondurable goods |
11.0 |
10.6 |
10.6 |
11.7 |
13.5 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
15.4 |
15.0 |
13.6 |
13.6 |
15.1 |
Wholesale trade |
10.7 |
9.9 |
8.5 |
8.4 |
8.4 |
Retail trade |
17.1 |
16.6 |
14.6 |
14.5 |
16.9 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
15.6 |
15.9 |
16.0 |
16.4 |
17.0 |
Information |
16.7 |
12.5 |
11.0 |
14.1 |
15.2 |
Financial activities |
8.3 |
8.7 |
8.5 |
8.1 |
8.3 |
Finance and insurance |
7.1 |
6.9 |
6.8 |
6.1 |
7.9 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
11.9 |
13.8 |
13.5 |
13.8 |
9.6 |
Professional and business services |
27.3 |
26.5 |
25.8 |
23.8 |
23.5 |
Education and health services |
9.5 |
8.3 |
8.7 |
8.9 |
8.8 |
Educational services |
12.4 |
11.5 |
11.1 |
11.6 |
12.6 |
Health care and social assistance |
9.0 |
7.7 |
8.3 |
8.4 |
8.1 |
Leisure and hospitality |
24.1 |
24.5 |
22.2 |
23.9 |
23.0 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
49.6 |
49.1 |
43.8 |
49.1 |
47.4 |
Accommodation and food services |
19.8 |
20.4 |
18.5 |
19.7 |
18.9 |
Other services |
13.7 |
17.3 |
14.9 |
17.5 |
15.8 |
Government |
4.9 |
6.1 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
5.8 |
Federal |
3.4 |
4.6 |
4.3 |
4.2 |
3.3 |
State and local |
5.1 |
6.3 |
6.3 |
6.2 |
6.2 |
State and local education |
4.7 |
6.0 |
5.9 |
5.3 |
5.8 |
State and local, excluding education |
5.6 |
6.6 |
6.7 |
7.3 |
6.6 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
15.0 |
14.5 |
15.2 |
15.3 |
14.5 |
South |
15.0 |
15.3 |
14.3 |
15.3 |
15.3 |
Midwest |
15.0 |
15.7 |
15.4 |
15.1 |
14.8 |
West |
15.9 |
15.8 |
14.4 |
13.0 |
13.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 21. Annual other separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
4,371 |
4,492 |
4,388 |
4,180 |
4,136 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
3,637 |
3,787 |
3,702 |
3,484 |
3,413 |
Mining and logging |
37 |
34 |
62 |
25 |
21 |
Construction |
131 |
153 |
192 |
181 |
154 |
Manufacturing |
293 |
267 |
292 |
271 |
255 |
Durable goods |
177 |
172 |
180 |
155 |
161 |
Nondurable goods |
117 |
95 |
112 |
112 |
90 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,163 |
1,189 |
1,096 |
892 |
829 |
Wholesale trade |
128 |
127 |
147 |
116 |
143 |
Retail trade |
832 |
867 |
744 |
624 |
538 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
206 |
192 |
207 |
155 |
149 |
Information |
89 |
109 |
141 |
95 |
81 |
Financial activities |
372 |
306 |
297 |
332 |
298 |
Finance and insurance |
310 |
242 |
241 |
284 |
259 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
63 |
63 |
57 |
48 |
37 |
Professional and business services |
593 |
752 |
672 |
675 |
773 |
Education and health services |
511 |
561 |
485 |
570 |
567 |
Educational services |
64 |
68 |
65 |
65 |
69 |
Health care and social assistance |
445 |
493 |
418 |
506 |
498 |
Leisure and hospitality |
323 |
294 |
370 |
309 |
314 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
35 |
37 |
27 |
41 |
49 |
Accommodation and food services |
289 |
256 |
341 |
271 |
267 |
Other services |
128 |
124 |
89 |
126 |
128 |
Government |
736 |
706 |
690 |
698 |
725 |
Federal |
118 |
112 |
102 |
106 |
130 |
State and local |
616 |
593 |
585 |
590 |
592 |
State and local education |
271 |
281 |
278 |
292 |
286 |
State and local, excluding education |
349 |
313 |
306 |
300 |
308 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
800 |
849 |
737 |
746 |
774 |
South |
1,714 |
1,759 |
1,724 |
1,622 |
1,530 |
Midwest |
912 |
907 |
916 |
848 |
853 |
West |
943 |
978 |
1,010 |
966 |
981 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
Table 22. Annual other separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Total |
3.1 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
2.8 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
3.1 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
Mining and logging |
4.2 |
4.2 |
9.3 |
3.7 |
2.9 |
Construction |
2.1 |
2.4 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
2.1 |
Manufacturing |
2.4 |
2.2 |
2.4 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
Durable goods |
2.3 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
Nondurable goods |
2.6 |
2.1 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
4.4 |
4.4 |
4.0 |
3.3 |
3.0 |
Wholesale trade |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
2.4 |
Retail trade |
5.4 |
5.6 |
4.7 |
3.9 |
3.4 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
3.9 |
3.5 |
3.7 |
2.7 |
2.5 |
Information |
3.3 |
4.0 |
5.0 |
3.4 |
2.9 |
Financial activities |
4.7 |
3.8 |
3.6 |
3.9 |
3.5 |
Finance and insurance |
5.2 |
4.0 |
3.9 |
4.5 |
4.1 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
3.1 |
3.0 |
2.7 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
Professional and business services |
3.1 |
3.8 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
3.7 |
Education and health services |
2.4 |
2.5 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
Educational services |
1.9 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
Health care and social assistance |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
Leisure and hospitality |
2.2 |
1.9 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.2 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
Accommodation and food services |
2.3 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
Other services |
2.3 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
Government |
3.4 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
Federal |
4.3 |
4.1 |
3.6 |
3.8 |
4.6 |
State and local |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
State and local education |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
State and local, excluding education |
3.9 |
3.5 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
3.1 |
3.2 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
South |
3.4 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
Midwest |
2.9 |
2.9 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
West |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
2.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and to implement a new imputation methodology.
|
United States Department of Labor
