Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, April 2, 2024      USDL-24-0625
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                              JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – FEBRUARY 2024

The number of job openings changed little at 8.8 million on the last business day of February, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, the number of hires and total separations 
were little changed at 5.8 million and 5.6 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (3.5 million) 
and layoffs and discharges (1.7 million) changed little. This release includes estimates of the number 
and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by 
establishment size class. 
       
Job Openings

On the last business day of February, the number of job openings changed little at 8.8 million; this 
measure is down from a series high of 12.2 million in March 2022. The rate was 5.3 percent for the third 
month in a row. In February, job openings increased in finance and insurance (+126,000); state and local 
government, excluding education (+91,000); and arts, entertainment, and recreation (+51,000). Job 
openings decreased in information (-85,000) and in federal government (-21,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In February, the number and rate of hires were little changed at 5.8 million and 3.7 percent, 
respectively. Hires decreased in durable goods manufacturing (-44,000). (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations include quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations include separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations in February changed little at 5.6 million. The rate was unchanged at 
3.5 percent. Over the month, the number of total separations increased in arts, entertainment, and 
recreation (+64,000) but decreased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-62,000). (See table 3.)

In February, the number of quits was little changed at 3.5 million, and the rate was 2.2 percent for the 
fourth consecutive month. (See table 4.)

In February, the number and rate of layoffs and discharges changed little at 1.7 million and 1.1 percent, 
respectively. The number of layoffs and discharges increased in accommodation and food services 
(+67,000) and in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+57,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in February at 351,000. (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In February, establishments with 1 to 9 employees and establishments with 5,000 or more employees 
saw little change in their job openings rate, hires rate, and total separations rate. (See table 7.)

January 2024 Revisions

The number of job openings for January was revised down by 115,000 to 8.7 million, the number of 
hires was revised up by 11,000 to 5.7 million, and the number of total separations was revised up by 
108,000 to 5.4 million. Within separations, the number of quits was revised up by 61,000 to 3.4 million 
and the number of layoffs and discharges was revised up by 24,000 to 1.6 million. (Monthly revisions 
result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for March 2024 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, May 1, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
     

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	9,849	8,748	8,756	6,058	5,698	5,818	5,833	5,449	5,559
Total private	8,831	7,903	7,855	5,666	5,309	5,438	5,501	5,124	5,230
Mining and logging	35	29	32	28	24	21	24	23	20
Construction	409	425	441	375	390	403	341	353	375
Manufacturing	674	596	583	435	383	330	447	368	341
Durable goods	433	348	361	236	220	176	239	210	180
Nondurable goods	241	248	221	198	163	154	209	158	161
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,688	1,047	982	1,259	1,007	1,128	1,215	1,052	1,090
Wholesale trade	302	207	176	195	158	165	175	164	156
Retail trade	814	546	511	740	602	680	717	567	675
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	572	293	294	325	247	284	323	321	259
Information	145	202	117	88	81	95	98	76	85
Financial activities	443	540	657	207	207	206	198	193	209
Finance and insurance	307	365	491	112	130	126	123	125	132
Real estate and rental and leasing	137	175	166	95	77	80	75	68	78
Professional and business services	1,789	1,570	1,564	1,059	1,088	1,109	1,058	1,102	1,094
Private education and health services	1,851	2,049	2,011	843	862	864	788	741	747
Private educational services	171	146	148	95	88	85	94	82	79
Health care and social assistance	1,680	1,904	1,863	747	773	780	694	659	668
Leisure and hospitality	1,421	1,123	1,146	1,165	1,053	1,068	1,131	1,002	1,070
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	215	168	219	191	183	204	167	151	215
Accommodation and food services	1,206	955	927	974	870	863	964	851	855
Other services	375	321	324	206	214	214	200	215	199
Government	1,018	846	901	392	390	380	332	325	329
Federal	141	149	128	50	44	44	38	33	33
State and local	877	697	773	342	345	336	294	292	296
State and local education	333	261	247	172	166	155	147	145	146
State and local, excluding education	544	436	527	171	180	180	147	148	150
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	6.0	5.3	5.3	3.9	3.6	3.7	3.8	3.5	3.5
Total private	6.2	5.6	5.5	4.3	3.9	4.0	4.2	3.8	3.9
Mining and logging	5.2	4.4	4.8	4.5	3.8	3.2	3.7	3.5	3.1
Construction	4.9	5.0	5.1	4.7	4.8	4.9	4.3	4.3	4.6
Manufacturing	5.0	4.4	4.3	3.4	3.0	2.5	3.5	2.8	2.6
Durable goods	5.1	4.1	4.2	2.9	2.7	2.2	3.0	2.6	2.2
Nondurable goods	4.7	4.9	4.4	4.1	3.4	3.2	4.3	3.3	3.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	5.5	3.5	3.3	4.4	3.5	3.9	4.2	3.6	3.8
Wholesale trade	4.7	3.3	2.8	3.2	2.6	2.7	2.9	2.7	2.5
Retail trade	5.0	3.4	3.2	4.7	3.9	4.3	4.6	3.6	4.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	7.4	4.0	4.0	4.5	3.5	4.0	4.5	4.5	3.6
Information	4.6	6.3	3.7	2.9	2.7	3.1	3.2	2.5	2.8
Financial activities	4.6	5.5	6.6	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.3
Finance and insurance	4.4	5.1	6.8	1.7	1.9	1.9	1.8	1.9	2.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	5.3	6.5	6.2	3.9	3.1	3.2	3.1	2.7	3.1
Professional and business services	7.3	6.4	6.4	4.7	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.8	4.8
Private education and health services	6.9	7.3	7.2	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.2	2.9	2.9
Private educational services	4.3	3.6	3.7	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.5	2.1	2.1
Health care and social assistance	7.4	7.9	7.8	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.0	3.0
Leisure and hospitality	8.0	6.3	6.4	7.1	6.3	6.3	6.9	6.0	6.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	8.1	6.0	7.7	7.8	7.0	7.8	6.8	5.8	8.2
Accommodation and food services	7.9	6.3	6.1	7.0	6.1	6.1	6.9	6.0	6.0
Other services	6.1	5.2	5.2	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.7	3.4
Government	4.3	3.5	3.7	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.4
Federal	4.6	4.8	4.1	1.7	1.5	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.1
State and local	4.3	3.3	3.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.5	1.5	1.5
State and local education	3.1	2.4	2.3	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
State and local, excluding education	5.6	4.4	5.3	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.6	1.6	1.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 
separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for 
January 2023, industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 
leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions:
* A specific position exists, and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or 
part-time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal.
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that 
time.
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed by 
dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings—that is, all filled and unfilled 
jobs—and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability, and deaths.
Excluded from separations measures are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; and employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is 
computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 
layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class.

The sampling frame is made up of establishments from two sources: the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program (QCEW) and the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). 
The QCEW database contains establishments that cover approximately 95 percent of nonfarm payroll jobs in the 
United States. This database is a compilation of administrative data from state unemployment insurance (UI) 
programs and federal government establishments covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal 
Employees (UCFE) program. A frame of railroad establishments is provided by the FRA. This is added to the 
QCEW database to complete the JOLTS sampling frame. 

The JOLTS estimation method involves the following processes: unit nonresponse adjustment, item 
nonresponse adjustment, monthly benchmarking and estimation, automatic outlier detection, birth and death model 
estimation, estimates review and outlier selection, alignment, seasonal adjustment, and variance estimates. 
Establishment size class levels are also produced. Detailed information about the estimation method can be found in 
the Handbook of Methods at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/jlt/home.htm.

Monthly benchmarking is the process through which the JOLTS weighted employment for each estimation cell 
is adjusted. JOLTS estimation cells are benchmarked monthly to the current employment level from the BLS 
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The sampled weight is benchmarked to ensure that JOLTS weighted 
employment is equal to CES employment.

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, many new establishments fail within the first year, referred 
to as a death. Because new and short-lived universe establishments cannot be reflected in the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from these establishments 
during their early existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity 
from previous years as collected by the QCEW and projects forward to the present using over-the-year change in the 
CES. The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to calculate the amount of churn (meaning the rates of 
hires and separations) that exists in establishments of various sizes. The model then combines the calculated churn 
with the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and separations that take place in these 
establishments that cannot be measured through sampling. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations 
produced by the birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the 
estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences between the two surveys, as well as sampling and nonsampling errors, historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust again.

Seasonal adjustment. After alignment, the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) is used to 
seasonally adjust the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant 
data, up to and including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used 
as seasonal filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative 
models, as well as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal 
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS estimates are revised annually with the issuance of data for 
January. Five years of data are subject to revision. The revised estimates incorporate: 1) benchmarks based on CES 
employment estimates newly benchmarked to QCEW, 2) revised seasonal adjustment factors, and 3) any needed 
special adjustments.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels.

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are 
calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 
monthly CES published employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error: sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. Sampling error 
estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey’s design.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
Total	9,849	8,931	8,889	8,748	8,756	8	6.0	5.4	5.3	5.3	5.3	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	8,831	7,932	7,884	7,903	7,855	-48	6.2	5.6	5.5	5.6	5.5	-0.1
Mining and logging	35	31	32	29	32	3	5.2	4.6	4.7	4.4	4.8	0.4
Construction	409	454	434	425	441	16	4.9	5.3	5.1	5.0	5.1	0.1
Manufacturing	674	553	586	596	583	-13	5.0	4.1	4.3	4.4	4.3	-0.1
Durable goods	433	377	408	348	361	13	5.1	4.4	4.8	4.1	4.2	0.1
Nondurable goods	241	176	179	248	221	-27	4.7	3.5	3.6	4.9	4.4	-0.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,688	1,336	1,318	1,047	982	-65	5.5	4.4	4.4	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Wholesale trade	302	296	230	207	176	-31	4.7	4.6	3.6	3.3	2.8	-0.5
Retail trade	814	596	710	546	511	-35	5.0	3.7	4.4	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	572	443	378	293	294	1	7.4	5.9	5.0	4.0	4.0	0.0
Information	145	154	177	202	117	-85	4.6	4.9	5.5	6.3	3.7	-2.6
Financial activities	443	427	482	540	657	117	4.6	4.4	5.0	5.5	6.6	1.1
Finance and insurance	307	288	317	365	491	126	4.4	4.1	4.5	5.1	6.8	1.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	137	138	165	175	166	-9	5.3	5.3	6.2	6.5	6.2	-0.3
Professional and business services	1,789	1,536	1,579	1,570	1,564	-6	7.3	6.3	6.5	6.4	6.4	0.0
Private education and health services	1,851	1,939	1,956	2,049	2,011	-38	6.9	7.0	7.0	7.3	7.2	-0.1
Private educational services	171	161	173	146	148	2	4.3	4.0	4.3	3.6	3.7	0.1
Health care and social assistance	1,680	1,778	1,783	1,904	1,863	-41	7.4	7.5	7.5	7.9	7.8	-0.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,421	1,153	1,003	1,123	1,146	23	8.0	6.4	5.6	6.3	6.4	0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	215	170	157	168	219	51	8.1	6.2	5.7	6.0	7.7	1.7
Accommodation and food services	1,206	983	847	955	927	-28	7.9	6.5	5.6	6.3	6.1	-0.2
Other services	375	349	316	321	324	3	6.1	5.6	5.1	5.2	5.2	0.0
Government	1,018	999	1,005	846	901	55	4.3	4.2	4.2	3.5	3.7	0.2
Federal	141	161	166	149	128	-21	4.6	5.2	5.3	4.8	4.1	-0.7
State and local	877	838	838	697	773	76	4.3	4.0	4.0	3.3	3.7	0.4
State and local education	333	289	280	261	247	-14	3.1	2.6	2.6	2.4	2.3	-0.1
State and local, excluding education	544	549	558	436	527	91	5.6	5.5	5.6	4.4	5.3	0.9
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,626	1,489	1,512	1,528	1,526	-2	5.6	5.1	5.1	5.2	5.2	0.0
South	4,041	3,501	3,504	3,492	3,430	-62	6.5	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.5	-0.1
Midwest	2,030	2,048	1,963	1,921	1,912	-9	5.8	5.8	5.5	5.4	5.4	0.0
West	2,153	1,893	1,909	1,807	1,888	81	5.6	4.9	4.9	4.7	4.9	0.2
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
Total	6,058	5,569	5,787	5,698	5,818	120	3.9	3.5	3.7	3.6	3.7	0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,666	5,205	5,384	5,309	5,438	129	4.3	3.9	4.0	3.9	4.0	0.1
Mining and logging	28	19	18	24	21	-3	4.5	3.0	2.8	3.8	3.2	-0.6
Construction	375	367	357	390	403	13	4.7	4.5	4.4	4.8	4.9	0.1
Manufacturing	435	352	371	383	330	-53	3.4	2.7	2.9	3.0	2.5	-0.5
Durable goods	236	199	199	220	176	-44	2.9	2.4	2.4	2.7	2.2	-0.5
Nondurable goods	198	153	172	163	154	-9	4.1	3.2	3.6	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,259	1,090	1,110	1,007	1,128	121	4.4	3.8	3.8	3.5	3.9	0.4
Wholesale trade	195	153	180	158	165	7	3.2	2.5	2.9	2.6	2.7	0.1
Retail trade	740	638	628	602	680	78	4.7	4.1	4.0	3.9	4.3	0.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	325	300	302	247	284	37	4.5	4.2	4.2	3.5	4.0	0.5
Information	88	70	83	81	95	14	2.9	2.4	2.8	2.7	3.1	0.4
Financial activities	207	201	209	207	206	-1	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	0.0
Finance and insurance	112	125	123	130	126	-4	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.9	1.9	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	95	76	86	77	80	3	3.9	3.1	3.4	3.1	3.2	0.1
Professional and business services	1,059	964	1,086	1,088	1,109	21	4.7	4.2	4.7	4.7	4.8	0.1
Private education and health services	843	934	872	862	864	2	3.4	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.3	0.0
Private educational services	95	94	100	88	85	-3	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.3	2.2	-0.1
Health care and social assistance	747	840	772	773	780	7	3.5	3.8	3.5	3.5	3.5	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	1,165	993	1,068	1,053	1,068	15	7.1	5.9	6.4	6.3	6.3	0.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	191	150	185	183	204	21	7.8	5.8	7.1	7.0	7.8	0.8
Accommodation and food services	974	844	883	870	863	-7	7.0	5.9	6.2	6.1	6.1	0.0
Other services	206	214	210	214	214	0	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6	0.0
Government	392	364	403	390	380	-10	1.7	1.6	1.7	1.7	1.6	-0.1
Federal	50	37	43	44	44	0	1.7	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.5	0.0
State and local	342	327	361	345	336	-9	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.7	0.0
State and local education	172	165	180	166	155	-11	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.5	1.4	-0.1
State and local, excluding education	171	162	181	180	180	0	1.9	1.7	1.9	1.9	1.9	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	886	892	852	895	870	-25	3.2	3.2	3.0	3.2	3.1	-0.1
South	2,562	2,368	2,557	2,398	2,537	139	4.4	4.0	4.3	4.1	4.3	0.2
Midwest	1,266	1,173	1,127	1,177	1,175	-2	3.8	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.5	0.0
West	1,344	1,137	1,251	1,229	1,237	8	3.7	3.1	3.4	3.3	3.3	0.0
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
Total	5,833	5,413	5,419	5,449	5,559	110	3.8	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.5	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,501	5,075	5,060	5,124	5,230	106	4.2	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.9	0.1
Mining and logging	24	24	19	23	20	-3	3.7	3.7	2.9	3.5	3.1	-0.4
Construction	341	342	335	353	375	22	4.3	4.2	4.1	4.3	4.6	0.3
Manufacturing	447	352	364	368	341	-27	3.5	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.6	-0.2
Durable goods	239	194	192	210	180	-30	3.0	2.4	2.4	2.6	2.2	-0.4
Nondurable goods	209	157	172	158	161	3	4.3	3.3	3.6	3.3	3.3	0.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,215	1,122	1,058	1,052	1,090	38	4.2	3.9	3.7	3.6	3.8	0.2
Wholesale trade	175	141	173	164	156	-8	2.9	2.3	2.8	2.7	2.5	-0.2
Retail trade	717	648	584	567	675	108	4.6	4.2	3.7	3.6	4.3	0.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	323	333	300	321	259	-62	4.5	4.7	4.2	4.5	3.6	-0.9
Information	98	76	67	76	85	9	3.2	2.5	2.2	2.5	2.8	0.3
Financial activities	198	217	203	193	209	16	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.3	0.2
Finance and insurance	123	145	124	125	132	7	1.8	2.2	1.8	1.9	2.0	0.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	75	71	80	68	78	10	3.1	2.9	3.2	2.7	3.1	0.4
Professional and business services	1,058	981	1,054	1,102	1,094	-8	4.6	4.3	4.6	4.8	4.8	0.0
Private education and health services	788	796	755	741	747	6	3.2	3.1	2.9	2.9	2.9	0.0
Private educational services	94	86	86	82	79	-3	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.1	0.0
Health care and social assistance	694	711	669	659	668	9	3.3	3.2	3.0	3.0	3.0	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	1,131	982	1,003	1,002	1,070	68	6.9	5.9	6.0	6.0	6.3	0.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	167	138	158	151	215	64	6.8	5.4	6.1	5.8	8.2	2.4
Accommodation and food services	964	844	845	851	855	4	6.9	5.9	5.9	6.0	6.0	0.0
Other services	200	183	202	215	199	-16	3.5	3.1	3.4	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Government	332	338	360	325	329	4	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.4	1.4	0.0
Federal	38	38	39	33	33	0	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.1	0.0
State and local	294	301	321	292	296	4	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.5	0.0
State and local education	147	159	164	145	146	1	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.4	0.0
State and local, excluding education	147	141	156	148	150	2	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.6	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	794	864	830	831	837	6	2.9	3.1	3.0	3.0	3.0	0.0
South	2,572	2,138	2,215	2,248	2,318	70	4.4	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.9	0.1
Midwest	1,161	1,160	1,132	1,137	1,178	41	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.5	0.1
West	1,305	1,252	1,243	1,233	1,225	-8	3.6	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.3	0.0
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
Total	3,964	3,516	3,439	3,446	3,484	38	2.6	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	0.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,770	3,319	3,237	3,251	3,289	38	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.0
Mining and logging	16	15	11	13	12	-1	2.6	2.3	1.8	2.1	2.0	-0.1
Construction	154	162	149	151	152	1	1.9	2.0	1.8	1.9	1.9	0.0
Manufacturing	312	220	233	229	203	-26	2.4	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.6	-0.2
Durable goods	167	126	123	134	112	-22	2.1	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.4	-0.2
Nondurable goods	144	94	110	95	91	-4	3.0	2.0	2.3	2.0	1.9	-0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	850	739	684	657	709	52	2.9	2.6	2.4	2.3	2.5	0.2
Wholesale trade	109	73	122	92	92	0	1.8	1.2	2.0	1.5	1.5	0.0
Retail trade	533	461	408	379	456	77	3.4	3.0	2.6	2.4	2.9	0.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	208	205	154	186	161	-25	2.9	2.9	2.2	2.6	2.3	-0.3
Information	48	42	28	53	51	-2	1.6	1.4	0.9	1.7	1.7	0.0
Financial activities	126	126	134	121	144	23	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.6	0.3
Finance and insurance	73	85	83	86	94	8	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.4	0.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	52	41	52	36	49	13	2.1	1.6	2.1	1.4	2.0	0.6
Professional and business services	636	594	594	569	611	42	2.8	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.7	0.2
Private education and health services	601	572	540	523	526	3	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.0	0.0
Private educational services	56	58	62	58	54	-4	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.4	-0.1
Health care and social assistance	544	514	478	465	472	7	2.6	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.1	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	905	739	738	790	742	-48	5.5	4.4	4.4	4.7	4.4	-0.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	87	69	77	66	72	6	3.6	2.7	3.0	2.5	2.7	0.2
Accommodation and food services	818	670	660	724	671	-53	5.9	4.7	4.6	5.1	4.7	-0.4
Other services	122	110	125	145	139	-6	2.1	1.9	2.1	2.5	2.4	-0.1
Government	193	197	203	195	195	0	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.0
Federal	19	17	18	16	15	-1	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.0
State and local	174	180	185	179	180	1	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.0
State and local education	90	97	101	91	94	3	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.0
State and local, excluding education	85	83	84	88	86	-2	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	493	510	510	481	471	-10	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.7	0.0
South	1,862	1,448	1,493	1,501	1,486	-15	3.2	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	0.0
Midwest	749	793	698	680	728	48	2.3	2.4	2.1	2.0	2.2	0.2
West	859	765	738	783	799	16	2.4	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.2	0.1
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
Total	1,571	1,546	1,607	1,596	1,724	128	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,486	1,462	1,508	1,527	1,640	113	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.1
Mining and logging	6	8	5	8	6	-2	1.0	1.2	0.8	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Construction	171	171	173	187	214	27	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.6	0.3
Manufacturing	118	109	110	118	119	1	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.0
Durable goods	58	53	56	64	57	-7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.7	-0.1
Nondurable goods	60	55	54	54	62	8	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.3	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	310	317	318	288	301	13	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
Wholesale trade	53	59	43	44	53	9	0.9	1.0	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.2
Retail trade	156	145	142	136	161	25	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	101	112	133	108	87	-21	1.4	1.6	1.9	1.5	1.2	-0.3
Information	42	24	32	17	27	10	1.4	0.8	1.1	0.6	0.9	0.3
Financial activities	39	71	48	65	54	-11	0.4	0.8	0.5	0.7	0.6	-0.1
Finance and insurance	21	46	27	34	32	-2	0.3	0.7	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	18	26	22	30	22	-8	0.7	1.0	0.9	1.2	0.9	-0.3
Professional and business services	385	325	361	461	396	-65	1.7	1.4	1.6	2.0	1.7	-0.3
Private education and health services	152	166	161	154	175	21	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.1
Private educational services	33	23	20	21	18	-3	0.9	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	-0.1
Health care and social assistance	118	144	141	133	157	24	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.1
Leisure and hospitality	201	212	239	183	306	123	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.1	1.8	0.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	73	66	75	83	140	57	3.0	2.5	2.9	3.2	5.3	2.1
Accommodation and food services	128	146	163	99	166	67	0.9	1.0	1.1	0.7	1.2	0.5
Other services	63	60	61	46	41	-5	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.8	0.7	-0.1
Government	84	84	99	69	84	15	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.1
Federal	6	8	8	6	6	0	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local	78	76	90	64	78	14	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.1
State and local education	38	42	44	33	37	4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.0
State and local, excluding education	40	34	46	31	41	10	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	261	264	245	296	291	-5	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.0	-0.1
South	585	568	589	610	694	84	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.2
Midwest	348	304	358	309	380	71	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.2
West	377	411	415	381	359	-22	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
Total	299	351	373	407	351	-56	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	-0.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	244	294	315	346	301	-45	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	-0.1
Mining and logging	2	1	2	1	1	0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Construction	16	9	13	14	9	-5	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Manufacturing	18	23	21	21	19	-2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Durable goods	13	15	12	12	11	-1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nondurable goods	5	8	9	9	7	-2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	55	67	55	107	80	-27	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.3	-0.1
Wholesale trade	14	9	8	28	11	-17	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.5	0.2	-0.3
Retail trade	28	41	35	51	58	7	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	14	16	13	28	11	-17	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	-0.2
Information	8	9	6	6	8	2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1
Financial activities	34	19	21	7	12	5	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finance and insurance	29	14	14	5	6	1	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	5	5	7	2	6	4	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1
Professional and business services	36	63	99	72	87	15	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.1
Private education and health services	36	58	54	64	46	-18	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Private educational services	5	6	3	3	7	4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Health care and social assistance	31	53	50	61	39	-22	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	-0.1
Leisure and hospitality	26	31	27	30	22	-8	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	7	3	5	2	3	1	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Accommodation and food services	19	28	21	28	18	-10	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Other services	15	13	17	25	19	-6	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	-0.1
Government	54	57	58	61	50	-11	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	-0.1
Federal	13	13	12	11	12	1	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.0
State and local	42	44	46	49	38	-11	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
State and local education	19	20	19	21	15	-6	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1
State and local, excluding education	23	24	27	29	23	-6	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	-0.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	40	90	76	54	75	21	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1
South	125	123	133	137	138	1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Midwest	64	63	75	147	70	-77	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.2	-0.2
West	69	75	89	69	67	-2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 7. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Nov. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Change from: Jan. 2024 - Feb. 2024(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	8,831	7,932	7,884	7,903	7,855	-48	6.2	5.6	5.5	5.6	5.5	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	1,573	1,734	1,885	1,898	1,863	-35	6.9	7.5	7.7	8.1	8.1	0.0
10 to 49 employees	2,891	2,352	2,070	2,173	2,021	-152	6.0	5.3	4.8	5.0	4.7	-0.3
50 to 249 employees	2,417	1,935	2,068	2,015	2,131	116	6.1	4.8	5.1	5.0	5.3	0.3
250 to 999 employees	1,037	1,083	1,018	1,024	1,024	0	5.8	5.4	5.1	4.8	4.9	0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	621	589	577	545	546	1	6.9	6.4	6.1	5.8	5.8	0.0
5,000 or more employees	292	240	266	248	269	21	6.4	4.9	5.6	5.0	5.0	0.0
HIRES
Total private	5,666	5,205	5,384	5,309	5,438	129	4.3	3.9	4.0	3.9	4.0	0.1
1 to 9 employees	842	947	981	821	800	-21	4.0	4.4	4.3	3.8	3.8	0.0
10 to 49 employees	1,937	1,516	1,600	1,672	1,838	166	4.3	3.6	3.9	4.1	4.5	0.4
50 to 249 employees	1,754	1,531	1,681	1,660	1,651	-9	4.8	4.0	4.4	4.4	4.3	-0.1
250 to 999 employees	745	803	735	750	734	-16	4.5	4.3	3.9	3.7	3.7	0.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	313	329	306	324	332	8	3.7	3.8	3.5	3.7	3.7	0.0
5,000 or more employees	74	79	82	82	84	2	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.6	-0.1
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	5,501	5,075	5,060	5,124	5,230	106	4.2	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.9	0.1
1 to 9 employees	726	725	745	789	758	-31	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.7	3.6	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	1,978	1,595	1,622	1,672	1,732	60	4.4	3.8	4.0	4.1	4.2	0.1
50 to 249 employees	1,670	1,584	1,596	1,580	1,695	115	4.5	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.4	0.2
250 to 999 employees	722	787	728	754	690	-64	4.3	4.2	3.8	3.7	3.5	-0.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	336	317	308	263	284	21	4.0	3.7	3.5	3.0	3.2	0.2
5,000 or more employees	69	67	60	66	70	4	1.6	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	0.0
QUITS
Total private	3,770	3,319	3,237	3,251	3,289	38	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.0
1 to 9 employees	496	453	483	508	494	-14	2.3	2.1	2.1	2.4	2.3	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	1,384	1,118	1,076	1,114	1,142	28	3.1	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.8	0.1
50 to 249 employees	1,179	1,049	1,051	991	1,036	45	3.2	2.7	2.8	2.6	2.7	0.1
250 to 999 employees	468	477	424	440	420	-20	2.8	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.1	-0.1
1,000 to 4,999 employees	201	179	164	157	156	-1	2.4	2.1	1.9	1.8	1.7	-0.1
5,000 or more employees	43	44	40	41	41	0	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.8	-0.1
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,486	1,462	1,508	1,527	1,640	113	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	0.1
1 to 9 employees	159	240	179	226	217	-9	0.8	1.1	0.8	1.1	1.0	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	525	348	445	397	464	67	1.2	0.8	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.1
50 to 249 employees	442	466	480	523	600	77	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.6	0.2
250 to 999 employees	235	271	268	279	233	-46	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.2	-0.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	108	121	123	85	108	23	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.0	1.2	0.2
5,000 or more employees	17	16	14	17	17	0	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	-0.1
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	244	294	315	346	301	-45	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	-0.1
1 to 9 employees	71	31	83	55	47	-8	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.2	-0.1
10 to 49 employees	69	129	101	160	126	-34	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.3	-0.1
50 to 249 employees	48	70	65	67	59	-8	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
250 to 999 employees	19	39	37	35	37	2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	28	17	22	21	20	-1	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
5,000 or more employees	9	8	7	9	12	3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 8. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
Total	9,471	8,845	8,352	5.8	5.4	5.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	8,489	8,028	7,492	6.1	5.7	5.3
Mining and logging	33	28	31	5.0	4.2	4.7
Construction	377	422	414	4.7	5.1	5.0
Manufacturing	648	584	562	4.8	4.3	4.2
Durable goods	415	350	350	4.9	4.1	4.1
Nondurable goods	233	234	212	4.6	4.7	4.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,625	943	907	5.4	3.2	3.1
Wholesale trade	305	214	175	4.8	3.4	2.8
Retail trade	756	439	446	4.7	2.7	2.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	564	290	285	7.3	3.9	3.9
Information	149	205	121	4.7	6.4	3.9
Financial activities	396	595	590	4.2	6.1	6.0
Finance and insurance	279	398	446	4.0	5.6	6.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	117	197	144	4.6	7.4	5.5
Professional and business services	1,735	1,709	1,509	7.2	7.0	6.2
Private education and health services	1,778	2,206	1,910	6.6	7.9	6.8
Private educational services	170	149	144	4.1	3.8	3.5
Health care and social assistance	1,608	2,057	1,765	7.1	8.6	7.4
Leisure and hospitality	1,384	992	1,131	8.1	5.8	6.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	258	136	285	10.4	5.4	10.6
Accommodation and food services	1,127	856	846	7.7	5.9	5.8
Other services	364	345	317	6.0	5.6	5.2
Government	982	817	861	4.1	3.4	3.5
Federal	130	148	112	4.3	4.8	3.6
State and local	852	669	749	4.1	3.2	3.5
State and local education	314	237	226	2.8	2.2	2.0
State and local, excluding education	538	433	523	5.6	4.4	5.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,584	1,549	1,478	5.5	5.3	5.0
South	3,919	3,539	3,295	6.4	5.7	5.3
Midwest	1,916	1,902	1,779	5.5	5.4	5.1
West	2,052	1,856	1,800	5.4	4.8	4.7
Footnotes (1) The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 9. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
Total	5,070	5,522	4,861	3.3	3.6	3.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,778	5,158	4,585	3.6	3.9	3.4
Mining and logging	25	24	18	4.0	3.9	2.9
Construction	312	359	347	4.1	4.6	4.4
Manufacturing	404	394	301	3.1	3.1	2.3
Durable goods	223	234	165	2.8	2.9	2.0
Nondurable goods	181	160	136	3.7	3.4	2.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	997	872	914	3.5	3.0	3.2
Wholesale trade	166	168	142	2.7	2.7	2.3
Retail trade	607	489	579	3.9	3.1	3.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	224	215	194	3.1	3.0	2.7
Information	74	88	82	2.4	3.0	2.7
Financial activities	177	232	180	1.9	2.5	2.0
Finance and insurance	105	151	117	1.6	2.2	1.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	72	81	63	3.0	3.3	2.6
Professional and business services	945	1,148	992	4.2	5.1	4.4
Private education and health services	734	921	730	2.9	3.6	2.8
Private educational services	75	108	58	1.9	2.9	1.4
Health care and social assistance	659	813	672	3.1	3.7	3.0
Leisure and hospitality	938	910	842	5.9	5.7	5.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	124	131	138	5.6	5.5	5.7
Accommodation and food services	814	779	704	6.0	5.7	5.1
Other services	172	210	179	3.0	3.6	3.1
Government	292	364	276	1.3	1.6	1.2
Federal	37	40	34	1.3	1.3	1.1
State and local	255	324	242	1.3	1.6	1.2
State and local education	129	172	107	1.2	1.6	1.0
State and local, excluding education	126	152	135	1.4	1.6	1.4
REGION(3)
Northeast	686	818	663	2.5	3.0	2.4
South	2,203	2,390	2,187	3.8	4.1	3.7
Midwest	1,036	1,097	948	3.2	3.3	2.9
West	1,145	1,218	1,063	3.2	3.3	2.9
Footnotes (1) The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 10. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
Total	4,788	5,797	4,538	3.1	3.7	2.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,567	5,515	4,322	3.5	4.2	3.2
Mining and logging	27	28	22	4.3	4.5	3.4
Construction	289	383	330	3.8	4.9	4.2
Manufacturing	398	366	297	3.1	2.8	2.3
Durable goods	214	215	154	2.7	2.6	1.9
Nondurable goods	184	151	143	3.8	3.2	3.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	997	1,313	893	3.5	4.6	3.1
Wholesale trade	168	173	150	2.8	2.8	2.5
Retail trade	568	668	549	3.7	4.3	3.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	262	472	195	3.7	6.7	2.8
Information	83	85	78	2.7	2.8	2.6
Financial activities	164	243	175	1.8	2.6	1.9
Finance and insurance	106	154	113	1.6	2.3	1.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	59	89	62	2.4	3.6	2.5
Professional and business services	935	1,142	996	4.1	5.1	4.4
Private education and health services	667	780	629	2.7	3.0	2.4
Private educational services	66	68	51	1.7	1.8	1.3
Health care and social assistance	602	712	577	2.8	3.2	2.6
Leisure and hospitality	858	964	753	5.4	6.0	4.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	84	141	94	3.8	5.9	3.9
Accommodation and food services	774	823	659	5.7	6.0	4.8
Other services	149	210	149	2.6	3.6	2.6
Government	221	283	217	1.0	1.2	0.9
Federal	33	34	28	1.2	1.1	0.9
State and local	188	249	188	0.9	1.2	0.9
State and local education	81	115	80	0.7	1.1	0.7
State and local, excluding education	107	135	109	1.2	1.4	1.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	595	925	650	2.2	3.3	2.3
South	2,165	2,367	1,943	3.8	4.1	3.3
Midwest	934	1,198	942	2.9	3.6	2.8
West	1,093	1,308	1,004	3.0	3.6	2.7
Footnotes (1) The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 11. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
Total	3,223	3,303	2,759	2.1	2.1	1.8
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,083	3,140	2,621	2.4	2.4	2.0
Mining and logging	17	14	13	2.8	2.2	2.1
Construction	121	136	118	1.6	1.7	1.5
Manufacturing	278	217	176	2.2	1.7	1.4
Durable goods	151	129	97	1.9	1.6	1.2
Nondurable goods	127	88	79	2.6	1.8	1.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	680	629	552	2.4	2.2	1.9
Wholesale trade	104	81	87	1.7	1.3	1.4
Retail trade	406	376	339	2.6	2.4	2.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	169	172	127	2.4	2.4	1.8
Information	40	54	46	1.3	1.8	1.5
Financial activities	98	147	120	1.1	1.6	1.3
Finance and insurance	54	107	78	0.8	1.6	1.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	44	39	42	1.8	1.6	1.7
Professional and business services	515	526	501	2.3	2.3	2.2
Private education and health services	514	536	439	2.1	2.1	1.7
Private educational services	40	48	38	1.0	1.3	0.9
Health care and social assistance	474	487	401	2.2	2.2	1.8
Leisure and hospitality	729	745	551	4.6	4.6	3.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	58	55	43	2.6	2.3	1.8
Accommodation and food services	671	690	508	4.9	5.0	3.7
Other services	91	138	105	1.6	2.4	1.8
Government	140	164	138	0.6	0.7	0.6
Federal	18	15	14	0.6	0.5	0.5
State and local	122	149	124	0.6	0.7	0.6
State and local education	54	73	56	0.5	0.7	0.5
State and local, excluding education	68	76	68	0.7	0.8	0.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	388	464	356	1.4	1.7	1.3
South	1,530	1,451	1,191	2.7	2.5	2.0
Midwest	600	626	566	1.8	1.9	1.7
West	705	763	645	2.0	2.1	1.8
Footnotes (1) The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 12. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
Total	1,301	2,032	1,462	0.8	1.3	0.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,258	1,975	1,419	1.0	1.5	1.1
Mining and logging	8	13	8	1.2	2.0	1.2
Construction	150	233	203	2.0	3.0	2.6
Manufacturing	105	121	106	0.8	0.9	0.8
Durable goods	52	67	48	0.6	0.8	0.6
Nondurable goods	53	53	58	1.1	1.1	1.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	266	567	259	0.9	2.0	0.9
Wholesale trade	52	61	54	0.9	1.0	0.9
Retail trade	134	232	146	0.9	1.5	0.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	81	274	59	1.1	3.9	0.8
Information	34	22	23	1.1	0.7	0.8
Financial activities	33	83	48	0.4	0.9	0.5
Finance and insurance	21	38	33	0.3	0.6	0.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	13	45	16	0.5	1.8	0.6
Professional and business services	388	541	411	1.7	2.4	1.8
Private education and health services	122	165	151	0.5	0.6	0.6
Private educational services	22	17	9	0.6	0.4	0.2
Health care and social assistance	100	148	142	0.5	0.7	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	107	183	184	0.7	1.1	1.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	21	84	49	1.0	3.5	2.0
Accommodation and food services	86	99	136	0.6	0.7	1.0
Other services	45	46	25	0.8	0.8	0.4
Government	42	58	43	0.2	0.3	0.2
Federal	5	6	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local	37	52	38	0.2	0.3	0.2
State and local education	18	25	17	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local, excluding education	20	27	21	0.2	0.3	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	179	401	227	0.7	1.4	0.8
South	512	746	611	0.9	1.3	1.0
Midwest	284	416	321	0.9	1.3	1.0
West	326	470	303	0.9	1.3	0.8
Footnotes (1) The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 13. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
Total	265	462	318	0.2	0.3	0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	226	400	282	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mining and logging	2	2	1	0.3	0.2	0.1
Construction	17	14	9	0.2	0.2	0.1
Manufacturing	15	29	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Durable goods	11	18	9	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nondurable goods	4	10	6	0.1	0.2	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	51	117	82	0.2	0.4	0.3
Wholesale trade	12	31	10	0.2	0.5	0.2
Retail trade	29	60	64	0.2	0.4	0.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	11	27	8	0.2	0.4	0.1
Information	9	9	9	0.3	0.3	0.3
Financial activities	33	12	6	0.4	0.1	0.1
Finance and insurance	31	8	2	0.5	0.1	0.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	2	4	4	0.1	0.2	0.2
Professional and business services	33	76	84	0.1	0.3	0.4
Private education and health services	31	80	39	0.1	0.3	0.1
Private educational services	3	4	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance	28	76	34	0.1	0.3	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	21	36	18	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	5	2	2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services	17	34	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other services	13	26	19	0.2	0.4	0.3
Government	39	61	36	0.2	0.3	0.2
Federal	10	13	9	0.4	0.4	0.3
State and local	29	48	26	0.1	0.2	0.1
State and local education	9	16	7	0.1	0.2	0.1
State and local, excluding education	19	32	19	0.2	0.3	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	29	59	66	0.1	0.2	0.2
South	124	171	140	0.2	0.3	0.2
Midwest	50	157	55	0.2	0.5	0.2
West	61	74	56	0.2	0.2	0.2
Footnotes (1) The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.

Table 14. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, not seasonally adjusted

Establishment size class	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)	Feb. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024(p)
JOB OPENINGS
Total private	8,489	8,028	7,492	6.1	5.7	5.3
1 to 9 employees	1,480	2,247	1,721	6.6	9.6	7.6
10 to 49 employees	2,764	2,150	1,907	5.8	5.0	4.5
50 to 249 employees	2,249	1,876	2,003	5.8	4.8	5.0
250 to 999 employees	1,017	964	993	5.8	4.6	4.8
1,000 to 4,999 employees	674	549	583	7.5	5.9	6.2
5,000 or more employees	306	242	285	6.8	4.9	5.3
HIRES
Total private	4,778	5,158	4,585	3.6	3.9	3.4
1 to 9 employees	688	980	635	3.3	4.6	3.0
10 to 49 employees	1,616	1,585	1,562	3.6	3.9	3.8
50 to 249 employees	1,498	1,487	1,400	4.1	4.0	3.7
250 to 999 employees	641	702	622	3.9	3.5	3.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	272	316	296	3.3	3.6	3.4
5,000 or more employees	63	88	70	1.5	1.9	1.4
TOTAL SEPARATIONS
Total private	4,567	5,515	4,322	3.5	4.2	3.2
1 to 9 employees	593	958	616	2.8	4.5	3.0
10 to 49 employees	1,645	1,713	1,462	3.7	4.2	3.6
50 to 249 employees	1,376	1,659	1,380	3.8	4.4	3.6
250 to 999 employees	605	790	567	3.7	4.0	2.9
1,000 to 4,999 employees	293	321	241	3.5	3.7	2.7
5,000 or more employees	55	73	56	1.3	1.6	1.1
QUITS
Total private	3,083	3,140	2,621	2.4	2.4	2.0
1 to 9 employees	394	550	387	1.9	2.6	1.9
10 to 49 employees	1,127	1,050	913	2.5	2.6	2.2
50 to 249 employees	958	949	814	2.6	2.5	2.1
250 to 999 employees	392	405	340	2.4	2.0	1.7
1,000 to 4,999 employees	177	146	133	2.1	1.7	1.5
5,000 or more employees	35	39	34	0.8	0.8	0.7
LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES
Total private	1,258	1,975	1,419	1.0	1.5	1.1
1 to 9 employees	143	339	195	0.7	1.6	0.9
10 to 49 employees	444	467	415	1.0	1.2	1.0
50 to 249 employees	370	639	512	1.0	1.7	1.3
250 to 999 employees	197	351	191	1.2	1.8	1.0
1,000 to 4,999 employees	90	156	91	1.1	1.8	1.0
5,000 or more employees	13	23	14	0.3	0.5	0.3
OTHER SEPARATIONS
Total private	226	400	282	0.2	0.3	0.2
1 to 9 employees	56	69	34	0.3	0.3	0.2
10 to 49 employees	75	195	134	0.2	0.5	0.3
50 to 249 employees	48	71	54	0.1	0.2	0.1
250 to 999 employees	15	34	35	0.1	0.2	0.2
1,000 to 4,999 employees	26	20	17	0.3	0.2	0.2
5,000 or more employees	6	11	8	0.1	0.2	0.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only. NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment. NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.