For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, April 5, 2016	USDL-16-0697

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – FEBRUARY 2016

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.4 million on the last business day of February, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires increased to 5.4 million while separations were 
little changed at 5.1 million. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.1 percent, and the layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.2 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 
hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

Job openings were little changed at 5.4 million in February. The job openings rate was 3.7 percent. The 
number of job openings was little changed in February for total private and for government. Job 
openings increased in educational services (+48,000) and federal government (+19,000) but decreased in 
health care and social assistance (-147,000), finance and insurance (-54,000), and mining and logging 
(-8,000). Job openings edged up in construction (+36,000) and edged down in durable goods 
manufacturing (-19,000). The number of job openings edged down in the Midwest region. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires increased to 5.4 million (+297,000) in February, the highest level since November 
2006. The hires rate in February was 3.8 percent. The number of hires increased for total private 
(+278,000) and was little changed for government. Hires increased in retail trade (+102,000), 
accommodation and food services (+78,000), educational services (+44,000), and state and local 
government, excluding education (+25,000). Hires declined in mining and logging (-9,000). In the 
regions, hires increased in the South. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 5.1 million total separations in February, little changed from January. The total separations 
rate in February was 3.5 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and 
for government. Total separations rose in accommodation and food services (+98,000). In arts, 
entertainment, and recreation, total separations edged down (-31,000). The number of total separations 
was little changed over the month in all regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed in February at 3.0 million. The quits rate was 2.1 percent. Over 
the month, the number of quits edged up for total private (+107,000) and was little changed for 
government. Quits increased in health care and social assistance (+32,000) and decreased in mining and 
logging (-8,000). The number of quits edged up in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+10,000) and 
edged down in other services (-29,000) and state and local education (-7,000). In the regions, quits 
increased in the Midwest. (See table 4.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in February, little changed from January. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.2 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month 
for total private and for government. In February, layoffs and discharges decreased in arts, 
entertainment, and recreation (-41,000) and federal government (-6,000). Layoffs and discharges edged 
up in accommodation and food services (+58,000). The number of layoffs and discharges edged down in 
the Midwest. (See table 5.)

In February, other separations was little changed for total nonfarm, edged down for total private 
(-44,000), and edged up for government (+8,000). The number of other separations increased in retail 
trade (+31,000), nondurable goods manufacturing (+5,000), mining and logging (+3,000), and federal 
government (+3,000). Other separations decreased in health care and social assistance (-29,000), finance 
and insurance (-14,000), transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-10,000), real estate and rental and 
leasing (-8,000), and information (-6,000). In the regions, the number of other separations declined in 
the Northeast. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in February, hires totaled 62.1 million 
and separations totaled 59.4 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.7 million. These totals 
include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for March 2016 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, May 10, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	5,131	5,604	5,445	5,091	5,125	5,422	4,740	4,977	5,050
Total private	4,595	5,137	4,960	4,759	4,789	5,067	4,420	4,631	4,706
Mining and logging(1)	10	17	9	26	26	17	42	43	37
Construction(1)	152	157	193	336	305	327	304	279	305
Manufacturing	300	336	313	260	274	277	259	266	302
Durable goods(1)	189	183	164	154	168	167	154	158	183
Nondurable goods(1)	111	153	149	106	106	110	104	108	119
Trade, transportation, and utilities	883	979	968	1,061	1,062	1,189	954	1,052	1,066
Wholesale trade(1)	162	199	191	155	137	144	132	142	132
Retail trade	539	602	617	731	765	867	660	725	765
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)	183	178	160	175	161	178	161	185	168
Information(1)	110	97	96	80	84	79	78	79	66
Financial activities	344	372	328	171	229	234	151	215	215
Finance and insurance	252	298	244	112	164	162	102	154	150
Real estate and rental and leasing(1)	92	74	85	59	65	72	48	60	65
Professional and business services	920	1,088	1,050	1,049	1,080	1,063	1,010	1,053	1,033
Education and health services	952	1,129	1,031	617	579	647	550	557	548
Educational services(1)	105	83	131	85	60	104	65	77	85
Health care and social assistance	848	1,046	899	531	519	544	485	480	464
Leisure and hospitality	745	745	745	932	967	1,035	873	907	975
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	65	68	58	155	157	146	151	157	126
Accommodation and food services	680	677	687	777	810	888	722	750	848
Other services(1)	177	217	227	226	183	198	200	181	162
Government	536	467	486	332	335	355	320	346	344
Federal(1)	93	80	99	37	41	43	33	41	39
State and local	443	387	387	295	295	312	286	304	305
State and local education	154	152	152	146	162	154	146	168	163
State and local, excluding education(1)	289	235	235	149	133	158	140	137	142
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	3.5	3.8	3.7	3.6	3.6	3.8	3.4	3.5	3.5
Total private	3.7	4.1	3.9	4.0	3.9	4.2	3.7	3.8	3.9
Mining and logging(1)	1.1	2.2	1.2	3.0	3.4	2.3	4.8	5.7	5.0
Construction(1)	2.3	2.3	2.8	5.3	4.6	4.9	4.8	4.2	4.6
Manufacturing	2.4	2.6	2.5	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.4
Durable goods(1)	2.4	2.3	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.4
Nondurable goods(1)	2.4	3.2	3.1	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	3.2	3.5	3.4	4.0	3.9	4.4	3.6	3.9	3.9
Wholesale trade(1)	2.7	3.3	3.1	2.6	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.2
Retail trade	3.4	3.7	3.7	4.7	4.8	5.5	4.2	4.6	4.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)	3.3	3.2	2.9	3.3	3.0	3.3	3.0	3.4	3.1
Information(1)	3.9	3.4	3.3	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.4
Financial activities	4.1	4.3	3.8	2.1	2.8	2.9	1.9	2.6	2.6
Finance and insurance	4.0	4.7	3.8	1.9	2.7	2.7	1.7	2.5	2.5
Real estate and rental and leasing(1)	4.3	3.4	3.9	2.9	3.1	3.4	2.3	2.9	3.1
Professional and business services	4.5	5.2	5.0	5.4	5.4	5.3	5.2	5.3	5.2
Education and health services	4.2	4.8	4.4	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.5	2.5	2.4
Educational services(1)	2.9	2.3	3.6	2.5	1.7	3.0	1.9	2.2	2.4
Health care and social assistance	4.4	5.2	4.5	2.9	2.7	2.9	2.6	2.5	2.4
Leisure and hospitality	4.7	4.6	4.6	6.2	6.3	6.7	5.8	5.9	6.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	3.0	3.0	2.6	7.3	7.1	6.6	7.1	7.2	5.7
Accommodation and food services	5.0	4.9	4.9	6.0	6.1	6.7	5.6	5.7	6.4
Other services(1)	3.1	3.7	3.8	4.0	3.2	3.5	3.6	3.2	2.8
Government	2.4	2.1	2.2	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6
Federal(1)	3.3	2.8	3.5	1.3	1.5	1.6	1.2	1.5	1.4
State and local	2.3	2.0	2.0	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6
State and local education	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.6
State and local, excluding education(1)	3.1	2.5	2.5	1.7	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.6
Footnotes (1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (p) Preliminary

Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	5,131	5,422	5,198	5,281	5,604	5,445	3.5	3.7	3.5	3.6	3.8	3.7
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,595	4,938	4,725	4,786	5,137	4,960	3.7	3.9	3.8	3.8	4.1	3.9
Mining and logging(3)	10	19	15	14	17	9	1.1	2.3	1.9	1.8	2.2	1.2
Construction(3)	152	129	101	124	157	193	2.3	1.9	1.5	1.8	2.3	2.8
Manufacturing	300	311	238	317	336	313	2.4	2.5	1.9	2.5	2.6	2.5
Durable goods(3)	189	181	138	174	183	164	2.4	2.3	1.8	2.2	2.3	2.1
Nondurable goods(3)	111	130	100	143	153	149	2.4	2.8	2.1	3.0	3.2	3.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	883	931	861	822	979	968	3.2	3.3	3.1	2.9	3.5	3.4
Wholesale trade(3)	162	183	128	137	199	191	2.7	3.0	2.1	2.3	3.3	3.1
Retail trade	539	563	527	538	602	617	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.3	3.7	3.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)	183	185	205	147	178	160	3.3	3.3	3.6	2.6	3.2	2.9
Information(3)	110	114	68	101	97	96	3.9	4.0	2.4	3.5	3.4	3.3
Financial activities	344	308	356	390	372	328	4.1	3.6	4.2	4.5	4.3	3.8
Finance and insurance	252	242	312	319	298	244	4.0	3.8	4.9	5.0	4.7	3.8
Real estate and rental and leasing(3)	92	67	44	71	74	85	4.3	3.1	2.0	3.3	3.4	3.9
Professional and business services	920	1,149	1,126	1,034	1,088	1,050	4.5	5.5	5.4	4.9	5.2	5.0
Education and health services	952	1,050	1,113	1,075	1,129	1,031	4.2	4.5	4.7	4.6	4.8	4.4
Educational services(3)	105	107	89	93	83	131	2.9	3.0	2.5	2.6	2.3	3.6
Health care and social assistance	848	942	1,023	982	1,046	899	4.4	4.8	5.2	4.9	5.2	4.5
Leisure and hospitality	745	737	732	710	745	745	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.4	4.6	4.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	65	62	64	62	68	58	3.0	2.7	2.8	2.7	3.0	2.6
Accommodation and food services	680	676	668	648	677	687	5.0	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.9	4.9
Other services(3)	177	190	116	199	217	227	3.1	3.3	2.0	3.4	3.7	3.8
Government	536	484	473	495	467	486	2.4	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.2
Federal(3)	93	61	72	80	80	99	3.3	2.2	2.5	2.8	2.8	3.5
State and local	443	423	401	415	387	387	2.3	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.0
State and local education	154	153	160	171	152	152	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.5
State and local, excluding education(3)	289	270	241	245	235	235	3.1	2.9	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.5
REGION(4)
Northeast	839	907	897	887	900	845	3.1	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.1
South	1,881	2,057	2,071	1,981	2,077	2,062	3.5	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.8
Midwest	1,199	1,293	1,121	1,100	1,311	1,238	3.7	3.9	3.4	3.3	3.9	3.7
West	1,213	1,166	1,109	1,313	1,316	1,300	3.6	3.5	3.3	3.9	3.9	3.8
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	5,091	5,212	5,253	5,401	5,125	5,422	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.8
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,759	4,856	4,904	5,042	4,789	5,067	4.0	4.0	4.1	4.2	3.9	4.2
Mining and logging	26	32	21	33	26	17	3.0	4.0	2.8	4.3	3.4	2.3
Construction	336	314	340	322	305	327	5.3	4.8	5.2	4.9	4.6	4.9
Manufacturing	260	264	278	274	274	277	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.2
Durable goods	154	144	153	163	168	167	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.2	2.2
Nondurable goods	106	120	126	112	106	110	2.3	2.6	2.7	2.4	2.3	2.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,061	1,057	1,085	1,087	1,062	1,189	4.0	3.9	4.0	4.0	3.9	4.4
Wholesale trade	155	128	134	128	137	144	2.6	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.4
Retail trade	731	748	766	760	765	867	4.7	4.8	4.9	4.8	4.8	5.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	175	181	186	199	161	178	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.7	3.0	3.3
Information	80	87	71	72	84	79	2.9	3.1	2.6	2.6	3.0	2.9
Financial activities	171	205	208	217	229	234	2.1	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.8	2.9
Finance and insurance	112	136	137	142	164	162	1.9	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.7	2.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	59	70	71	75	65	72	2.9	3.3	3.4	3.6	3.1	3.4
Professional and business services	1,049	1,058	1,056	1,175	1,080	1,063	5.4	5.3	5.3	5.9	5.4	5.3
Education and health services	617	644	661	641	579	647	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.9	2.6	2.9
Educational services	85	87	102	84	60	104	2.5	2.5	2.9	2.4	1.7	3.0
Health care and social assistance	531	558	559	557	519	544	2.9	3.0	3.0	2.9	2.7	2.9
Leisure and hospitality	932	991	992	1,024	967	1,035	6.2	6.5	6.5	6.7	6.3	6.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	155	171	131	151	157	146	7.3	7.8	5.9	6.9	7.1	6.6
Accommodation and food services	777	820	861	873	810	888	6.0	6.3	6.6	6.6	6.1	6.7
Other services	226	204	190	198	183	198	4.0	3.6	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.5
Government	332	356	349	359	335	355	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6
Federal	37	40	45	45	41	43	1.3	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6
State and local	295	316	304	314	295	312	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6
State and local education	146	152	157	165	162	154	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5
State and local, excluding education	149	165	148	149	133	158	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	843	846	851	827	795	849	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.2
South	1,933	1,954	1,985	2,109	1,851	2,059	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.0	3.5	3.9
Midwest	1,160	1,192	1,197	1,249	1,259	1,287	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.9	3.9	4.0
West	1,155	1,220	1,219	1,216	1,220	1,227	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.8
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	4,740	4,912	4,958	5,128	4,977	5,050	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.5
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,420	4,544	4,616	4,774	4,631	4,706	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.8	3.9
Mining and logging	42	34	35	45	43	37	4.8	4.3	4.6	5.9	5.7	5.0
Construction	304	275	292	283	279	305	4.8	4.2	4.5	4.3	4.2	4.6
Manufacturing	259	271	267	263	266	302	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.4
Durable goods	154	150	154	162	158	183	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.4
Nondurable goods	104	120	113	101	108	119	2.3	2.6	2.5	2.2	2.4	2.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	954	1,003	1,040	1,074	1,052	1,066	3.6	3.7	3.8	4.0	3.9	3.9
Wholesale trade	132	121	127	133	142	132	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.2
Retail trade	660	706	744	762	725	765	4.2	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	161	176	169	178	185	168	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.3	3.4	3.1
Information	78	81	79	61	79	66	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.2	2.9	2.4
Financial activities	151	192	190	203	215	215	1.9	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.6	2.6
Finance and insurance	102	123	136	142	154	150	1.7	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.5	2.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	48	69	54	62	60	65	2.3	3.3	2.6	2.9	2.9	3.1
Professional and business services	1,010	1,002	1,020	1,095	1,053	1,033	5.2	5.0	5.1	5.5	5.3	5.2
Education and health services	550	558	600	578	557	548	2.5	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.5	2.4
Educational services	65	80	97	74	77	85	1.9	2.3	2.8	2.1	2.2	2.4
Health care and social assistance	485	479	503	504	480	464	2.6	2.5	2.7	2.7	2.5	2.4
Leisure and hospitality	873	935	939	1,003	907	975	5.8	6.1	6.1	6.5	5.9	6.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	151	168	130	141	157	126	7.1	7.7	5.9	6.5	7.2	5.7
Accommodation and food services	722	767	809	862	750	848	5.6	5.9	6.2	6.6	5.7	6.4
Other services	200	191	154	168	181	162	3.6	3.4	2.7	3.0	3.2	2.8
Government	320	369	342	354	346	344	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
Federal	33	44	42	40	41	39	1.2	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.4
State and local	286	325	300	314	304	305	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
State and local education	146	166	160	161	168	163	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
State and local, excluding education	140	160	140	153	137	142	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.6
REGION(3)
Northeast	717	733	797	855	775	814	2.7	2.8	3.0	3.2	2.9	3.1
South	1,931	1,972	1,952	2,011	1,906	1,979	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.7	3.8
Midwest	999	1,091	1,112	1,105	1,114	1,140	3.2	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.6
West	1,093	1,117	1,098	1,156	1,182	1,117	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.4
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	2,703	2,797	2,862	3,088	2,851	2,950	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,554	2,631	2,705	2,922	2,684	2,791	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.4	2.2	2.3
Mining and logging	12	14	18	16	19	11	1.4	1.8	2.4	2.1	2.6	1.5
Construction	121	87	129	137	86	102	1.9	1.3	2.0	2.1	1.3	1.5
Manufacturing	131	147	145	133	147	156	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.3
Durable goods	74	74	74	80	83	90	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.2
Nondurable goods	57	73	71	54	64	66	1.3	1.6	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	575	646	627	719	637	647	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.7	2.3	2.4
Wholesale trade	69	68	72	81	86	90	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.5
Retail trade	422	470	471	518	462	471	2.7	3.0	3.0	3.3	2.9	3.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	84	108	85	120	90	87	1.6	2.0	1.6	2.2	1.6	1.6
Information	47	43	42	35	38	38	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.4
Financial activities	91	114	86	122	111	125	1.1	1.4	1.0	1.5	1.3	1.5
Finance and insurance	67	69	62	87	81	87	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.4	1.3	1.4
Real estate and rental and leasing(3)	24	45	24	36	30	38	1.1	2.1	1.1	1.7	1.4	1.8
Professional and business services	521	531	522	614	550	566	2.7	2.7	2.6	3.1	2.8	2.8
Education and health services	380	364	408	385	343	371	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.5	1.6
Educational services	35	38	55	49	47	43	1.0	1.1	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.2
Health care and social assistance	345	326	353	336	296	328	1.9	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.6	1.7
Leisure and hospitality	564	588	636	671	636	687	3.8	3.9	4.2	4.4	4.1	4.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	51	56	53	60	64	74	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.7	2.9	3.4
Accommodation and food services	513	532	583	611	572	613	4.0	4.1	4.4	4.6	4.3	4.6
Other services(3)	111	97	91	89	117	88	2.0	1.7	1.6	1.6	2.1	1.6
Government	149	166	157	166	167	159	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7
Federal	11	14	14	13	13	13	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
State and local	138	152	143	153	154	146	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8
State and local education	68	77	72	75	80	73	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.7
State and local, excluding education	70	75	71	78	73	72	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8
REGION(4)
Northeast	350	382	400	445	401	423	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.7	1.5	1.6
South	1,119	1,126	1,137	1,286	1,179	1,172	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.5	2.3	2.2
Midwest	600	648	687	656	629	734	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.3
West	633	641	638	701	641	621	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.0	1.9
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	1,683	1,721	1,718	1,672	1,704	1,715	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,575	1,593	1,599	1,549	1,582	1,594	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
Mining and logging(3)	27	18	12	26	21	21	3.1	2.2	1.6	3.4	2.8	2.8
Construction	175	177	157	138	182	193	2.7	2.7	2.4	2.1	2.7	2.9
Manufacturing	107	102	101	104	97	117	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.0
Durable goods	68	61	64	65	61	78	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.0
Nondurable goods	38	41	37	39	35	39	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	281	273	302	266	312	295	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1
Wholesale trade(3)	49	46	45	39	48	34	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.6
Retail trade	165	176	189	177	194	194	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	67	51	69	50	71	67	1.3	0.9	1.3	0.9	1.3	1.2
Information	23	29	31	19	25	18	0.8	1.0	1.1	0.7	0.9	0.7
Financial activities	42	46	58	62	57	64	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8
Finance and insurance	19	27	32	38	37	40	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	23	19	26	24	20	24	1.1	0.9	1.2	1.1	0.9	1.1
Professional and business services	429	409	441	414	442	418	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.1
Education and health services	135	146	156	149	152	145	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6
Educational services	25	37	37	22	27	38	0.7	1.1	1.1	0.6	0.8	1.1
Health care and social assistance	109	109	119	127	126	107	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	283	314	280	298	237	254	1.9	2.1	1.8	1.9	1.5	1.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	95	109	72	80	91	50	4.5	5.0	3.3	3.6	4.1	2.3
Accommodation and food services	188	205	208	219	146	204	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.1	1.5
Other services	75	79	59	72	56	69	1.3	1.4	1.0	1.3	1.0	1.2
Government	108	129	119	123	122	120	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5
Federal	12	11	11	10	15	9	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.3
State and local	96	118	108	113	108	112	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
State and local education	50	61	62	61	65	67	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7
State and local, excluding education	46	57	46	52	43	44	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5
REGION(4)
Northeast	298	285	329	324	299	341	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.3
South	674	669	647	601	576	649	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2
Midwest	322	364	348	374	407	329	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.0
West	389	404	393	372	422	396	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.2
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Oct. 2015	Nov. 2015	Dec. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	354	394	378	368	422	385	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private	291	320	311	303	365	321	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mining and logging	3	2	5	3	2	5	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.7
Construction(3)	7	11	6	8	11	10	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Manufacturing	21	22	20	26	22	28	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	12	15	15	17	13	14	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nondurable goods(3)	9	7	5	8	9	14	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	97	84	110	89	102	123	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.5
Wholesale trade	14	7	10	14	8	8	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Retail trade	73	60	84	68	69	100	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)	10	17	15	8	24	14	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.3
Information(3)	8	9	5	7	16	10	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.4
Financial activities	18	32	46	19	47	26	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.2	0.6	0.3
Finance and insurance	16	27	42	17	36	22	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.3	0.6	0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing(3)	2	5	4	2	11	3	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.5	0.2
Professional and business services	61	63	56	66	61	49	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2
Education and health services	35	48	36	44	61	33	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1
Educational services(3)	5	4	5	4	3	4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance(3)	31	44	31	40	58	29	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	26	34	23	34	34	34	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)	5	4	5	2	3	3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services(3)	21	30	18	32	32	31	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other services(3)	14	15	4	7	8	4	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Government	63	74	66	65	56	64	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Federal	10	19	17	17	14	17	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.6
State and local	52	55	49	48	43	47	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local education	28	27	26	25	22	22	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local, excluding education	24	28	23	23	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
REGION(4)
Northeast	69	66	67	86	75	51	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2
South	138	177	168	125	151	158	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3
Midwest	77	79	77	75	77	77	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
West	71	72	66	82	119	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical. (4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	4,964	5,635	5,291	3.4	3.8	3.6
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,451	5,196	4,827	3.7	4.2	3.9
Mining and logging	10	17	9	1.2	2.2	1.3
Construction	152	157	193	2.5	2.5	3.0
Manufacturing	300	336	313	2.4	2.7	2.5
Durable goods	189	183	164	2.4	2.3	2.1
Nondurable goods	111	153	149	2.4	3.3	3.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	819	940	912	3.0	3.4	3.3
Wholesale trade	162	199	191	2.7	3.3	3.2
Retail trade	474	563	560	3.0	3.5	3.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	183	178	160	3.3	3.2	2.9
Information	110	97	96	3.9	3.4	3.3
Financial activities	315	411	301	3.8	4.8	3.6
Finance and insurance	223	337	217	3.6	5.2	3.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	92	74	85	4.3	3.5	3.9
Professional and business services	924	1,106	1,050	4.6	5.3	5.1
Education and health services	910	1,214	984	4.0	5.2	4.2
Educational services	105	83	131	2.8	2.4	3.5
Health care and social assistance	806	1,131	852	4.2	5.7	4.3
Leisure and hospitality	732	702	743	4.8	4.6	4.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	62	69	53	3.1	3.4	2.6
Accommodation and food services	670	633	689	5.1	4.7	5.1
Other services	177	217	227	3.1	3.7	3.9
Government	513	439	464	2.3	2.0	2.0
Federal	93	80	99	3.3	2.8	3.5
State and local	420	359	365	2.1	1.8	1.8
State and local education	131	124	130	1.2	1.2	1.2
State and local, excluding education	289	235	235	3.2	2.6	2.6
REGION(3)
Northeast	788	896	785	3.0	3.3	2.9
South	1,844	2,139	2,024	3.5	4.0	3.8
Midwest	1,157	1,263	1,205	3.6	3.8	3.7
West	1,174	1,338	1,277	3.6	4.0	3.8
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	4,142	4,847	4,445	3.0	3.4	3.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,900	4,547	4,185	3.3	3.8	3.5
Mining and logging	22	31	14	2.6	4.2	2.0
Construction	278	267	271	4.7	4.3	4.4
Manufacturing	227	287	242	1.9	2.3	2.0
Durable goods	138	183	149	1.8	2.4	1.9
Nondurable goods	89	105	93	2.0	2.3	2.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	793	876	908	3.0	3.2	3.4
Wholesale trade	134	150	127	2.3	2.6	2.2
Retail trade	532	585	657	3.5	3.7	4.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	128	141	124	2.4	2.6	2.3
Information	65	96	63	2.4	3.5	2.3
Financial activities	133	249	190	1.7	3.0	2.3
Finance and insurance	90	183	136	1.5	3.0	2.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	43	65	55	2.1	3.2	2.7
Professional and business services	925	1,173	933	4.8	6.0	4.7
Education and health services	513	595	546	2.3	2.7	2.4
Educational services	67	55	87	1.9	1.6	2.4
Health care and social assistance	447	540	459	2.4	2.9	2.4
Leisure and hospitality	743	804	846	5.2	5.5	5.7
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	101	120	95	5.3	6.2	4.8
Accommodation and food services	643	684	751	5.2	5.4	5.9
Other services	199	168	173	3.6	3.0	3.1
Government	243	300	260	1.1	1.4	1.2
Federal	28	35	33	1.0	1.3	1.2
State and local	215	265	227	1.1	1.4	1.2
State and local education	107	151	113	1.0	1.5	1.1
State and local, excluding education	108	114	114	1.2	1.3	1.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	615	712	628	2.4	2.7	2.4
South	1,647	1,880	1,771	3.2	3.7	3.4
Midwest	910	1,148	1,019	2.9	3.6	3.2
West	970	1,107	1,027	3.1	3.5	3.2
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	3,830	5,465	4,100	2.7	3.9	2.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,628	5,134	3,888	3.1	4.3	3.2
Mining and logging	40	43	34	4.6	5.9	4.7
Construction	256	325	260	4.3	5.2	4.2
Manufacturing	216	263	262	1.8	2.1	2.1
Durable goods	132	161	163	1.7	2.1	2.1
Nondurable goods	85	101	99	1.9	2.2	2.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	808	1,382	909	3.1	5.1	3.4
Wholesale trade	118	153	119	2.0	2.6	2.0
Retail trade	571	953	665	3.7	6.1	4.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	120	277	125	2.3	5.1	2.3
Information	65	98	54	2.4	3.6	1.9
Financial activities	115	251	169	1.4	3.1	2.1
Finance and insurance	73	183	109	1.2	3.0	1.8
Real estate and rental and leasing	42	68	60	2.1	3.3	2.9
Professional and business services	870	1,156	888	4.5	5.9	4.5
Education and health services	452	576	444	2.1	2.6	2.0
Educational services	37	70	47	1.0	2.1	1.3
Health care and social assistance	415	506	397	2.3	2.7	2.1
Leisure and hospitality	622	864	723	4.3	5.9	4.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	85	134	75	4.4	6.9	3.8
Accommodation and food services	538	731	649	4.3	5.7	5.1
Other services	183	175	145	3.3	3.1	2.6
Government	202	330	212	0.9	1.5	0.9
Federal	26	71	30	1.0	2.6	1.1
State and local	176	259	182	0.9	1.4	0.9
State and local education	72	133	78	0.7	1.3	0.7
State and local, excluding education	104	126	104	1.2	1.4	1.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	532	876	624	2.1	3.3	2.4
South	1,599	2,072	1,654	3.2	4.0	3.2
Midwest	798	1,234	897	2.6	3.9	2.8
West	901	1,282	924	2.8	4.0	2.9
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	2,215	2,835	2,429	1.6	2.0	1.7
INDUSTRY
Total private	2,106	2,689	2,315	1.8	2.3	1.9
Mining and logging	10	18	9	1.2	2.4	1.2
Construction	97	75	81	1.6	1.2	1.3
Manufacturing	103	131	126	0.8	1.1	1.0
Durable goods	58	77	72	0.7	1.0	0.9
Nondurable goods	45	55	53	1.0	1.2	1.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	482	673	545	1.8	2.5	2.0
Wholesale trade	58	92	79	1.0	1.6	1.4
Retail trade	356	496	397	2.3	3.2	2.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	68	85	68	1.3	1.6	1.3
Information	39	44	30	1.4	1.6	1.1
Financial activities	72	112	103	0.9	1.4	1.3
Finance and insurance	48	82	65	0.8	1.3	1.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	24	30	38	1.2	1.4	1.8
Professional and business services	441	559	485	2.3	2.8	2.5
Education and health services	320	357	314	1.5	1.6	1.4
Educational services	22	44	28	0.6	1.3	0.8
Health care and social assistance	298	313	287	1.6	1.7	1.5
Leisure and hospitality	432	603	534	3.0	4.1	3.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	33	52	49	1.7	2.6	2.5
Accommodation and food services	399	551	485	3.2	4.3	3.8
Other services	111	117	88	2.0	2.1	1.6
Government	109	146	115	0.5	0.7	0.5
Federal	10	14	11	0.3	0.5	0.4
State and local	100	132	104	0.5	0.7	0.5
State and local education	42	67	44	0.4	0.7	0.4
State and local, excluding education	58	65	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	278	418	338	1.1	1.6	1.3
South	933	1,193	978	1.8	2.3	1.9
Midwest	472	589	590	1.5	1.9	1.9
West	533	635	522	1.7	2.0	1.6
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	1,297	2,114	1,319	0.9	1.5	0.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,246	1,996	1,266	1.1	1.7	1.1
Mining and logging	27	21	21	3.2	2.9	2.9
Construction	152	238	170	2.6	3.8	2.7
Manufacturing	94	105	110	0.8	0.9	0.9
Durable goods	63	67	79	0.8	0.9	1.0
Nondurable goods	31	37	31	0.7	0.8	0.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities	236	579	242	0.9	2.1	0.9
Wholesale trade	49	48	34	0.8	0.8	0.6
Retail trade	145	364	166	1.0	2.3	1.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	42	167	42	0.8	3.1	0.8
Information	18	38	14	0.7	1.4	0.5
Financial activities	30	77	48	0.4	0.9	0.6
Finance and insurance	14	50	29	0.2	0.8	0.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	17	28	18	0.8	1.3	0.9
Professional and business services	370	502	357	1.9	2.5	1.8
Education and health services	96	158	97	0.4	0.7	0.4
Educational services	10	22	16	0.3	0.7	0.4
Health care and social assistance	86	135	81	0.5	0.7	0.4
Leisure and hospitality	165	228	156	1.1	1.6	1.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	46	80	23	2.4	4.1	1.2
Accommodation and food services	119	148	132	1.0	1.2	1.0
Other services	58	50	52	1.0	0.9	0.9
Government	51	118	53	0.2	0.5	0.2
Federal	8	35	5	0.3	1.3	0.2
State and local	43	83	48	0.2	0.4	0.2
State and local education	17	48	25	0.2	0.5	0.2
State and local, excluding education	25	35	23	0.3	0.4	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	187	361	238	0.7	1.4	0.9
South	543	704	533	1.1	1.4	1.0
Midwest	259	532	239	0.8	1.7	0.8
West	309	517	309	1.0	1.6	1.0
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)	Feb. 2015	Jan. 2016	Feb. 2016(p)
Total	318	516	351	0.2	0.4	0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	276	450	307	0.2	0.4	0.3
Mining and logging	2	4	4	0.3	0.6	0.6
Construction	7	11	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Manufacturing	20	27	26	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	11	17	12	0.1	0.2	0.2
Nondurable goods	9	9	14	0.2	0.2	0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	91	130	122	0.3	0.5	0.5
Wholesale trade	11	13	6	0.2	0.2	0.1
Retail trade	70	92	102	0.5	0.6	0.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	10	24	14	0.2	0.5	0.3
Information	8	16	10	0.3	0.6	0.4
Financial activities	13	63	18	0.2	0.8	0.2
Finance and insurance	11	52	15	0.2	0.8	0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	2	11	3	0.1	0.5	0.2
Professional and business services	59	95	46	0.3	0.5	0.2
Education and health services	35	61	33	0.2	0.3	0.1
Educational services	5	3	4	0.1	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance	31	58	29	0.2	0.3	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	26	34	34	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	5	3	3	0.3	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services	21	32	31	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other services	14	8	4	0.2	0.1	0.1
Government	42	67	44	0.2	0.3	0.2
Federal	8	23	14	0.3	0.8	0.5
State and local	33	44	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local education	13	18	9	0.1	0.2	0.1
State and local, excluding education	21	26	21	0.2	0.3	0.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	68	97	47	0.3	0.4	0.2
South	124	176	143	0.2	0.3	0.3
Midwest	67	113	68	0.2	0.4	0.2
West	60	130	93	0.2	0.4	0.3
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.