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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, May 3, 2022	USDL-22-0785
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			      	JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MARCH 2022

The number of job openings was at a series high of 11.5 million on the last business day of March, 
although little changed over the month, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires, at 6.7 
million, were also little changed while total separations edged up to 6.3 million. Within separations, 
quits edged up to a series high of 4.5 million, while layoffs and discharges were little changed at 1.4 
million. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations 
for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, by four geographic regions, and by establishment size class. 
    
Job Openings

On the last business day of March, the number of job openings was little changed at 11.5 million, the 
highest level in the history of the series which began in December 2000. Over the month, the job 
openings rate was little changed at 7.1 percent. Job openings increased in retail trade (+155,000) and in 
durable goods manufacturing (+50,000). Job openings decreased in transportation, warehousing, and 
utilities (-69,000); state and local government education (-43,000); and federal government  
(-20,000). Job openings increased in the South region. (See table 1.)

Hires

In March, the number of hires was little changed at 6.7 million. The hires rate was unchanged at 4.5 
percent. Hires were little changed in all industries and in all four regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

In March, the number of total separations edged up to 6.3 million (+239,000). The rate was little 
changed at 4.2 percent. Total separations were little changed in all industries. The number of total 
separations increased in the South region. (See table 3.)

In March, the number of quits edged up to a series high of 4.5 million (+152,000). The rate was little 
changed at 3.0 percent. Quits increased in professional and business services (+88,000) and construction 
(+69,000). The number of quits increased in the South region. (See table 4.)

In March, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.4 million. The rate was 
unchanged at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges were little changed in all industries and in all four 
regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in March at 380,000. Other separations increased 
in construction (+12,000); transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+11,000); wholesale trade 
(+10,000); and educational services (+4,000). The other separations level decreased in information  
(-6,000). Other separations were little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.) 

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising.

Over the 12 months ending in March, hires totaled 77.7 million and separations totaled 71.4 million, 
yielding a net employment gain of 6.3 million. These totals include workers who may have been hired 
and separated more than once during the year.

Establishment Size Class

In March, the job openings rate increased in establishments with 50 to 249 employees and 
establishments with 250 to 999 employees. The job openings rate decreased in establishments with 10 to 
49 employees. The quits rate decreased in establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. The total 
separations rate increased in establishments with 250 to 999 employees. For a more in-depth description 
of the JOLTS establishment size class estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.

____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for April 2022 are scheduled to be 
released on Wednesday, June 1, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).    

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

8,480 11,344 11,549 6,208 6,832 6,737 5,540 6,082 6,321

Total private

7,662 10,256 10,504 5,832 6,414 6,331 5,212 5,676 5,917

Mining and logging

25 36 40 24 24 24 15 17 21

Construction

336 383 396 444 408 398 353 344 389

Manufacturing

751 785 860 449 500 508 414 473 484

Durable goods

387 467 517 261 272 273 235 261 251

Nondurable goods

365 318 343 188 228 236 179 212 233

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,667 1,993 2,036 1,270 1,513 1,441 1,188 1,311 1,371

Wholesale trade

246 317 274 157 172 166 153 156 159

Retail trade

966 1,139 1,294 812 1,017 971 744 895 931

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

456 537 468 301 324 304 292 260 280

Information

111 180 202 102 89 109 87 83 82

Financial activities

335 453 505 205 236 212 195 201 202

Finance and insurance

266 319 370 135 159 138 128 144 141

Real estate and rental and leasing

69 134 135 70 77 74 67 57 62

Professional and business services

1,588 2,038 2,141 1,214 1,307 1,351 1,106 1,178 1,254

Education and health services

1,499 2,256 2,249 763 890 820 690 785 775

Educational services

129 204 222 102 116 110 80 102 93

Health care and social assistance

1,370 2,052 2,027 661 774 710 611 683 682

Leisure and hospitality

1,108 1,720 1,675 1,143 1,182 1,222 958 1,054 1,103

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

174 203 216 154 163 185 107 134 143

Accommodation and food services

934 1,517 1,458 989 1,019 1,038 851 920 960

Other services

241 412 400 219 266 244 204 229 237

Government

818 1,088 1,044 376 418 407 328 407 404

Federal

127 162 142 38 42 42 38 42 42

State and local

691 926 902 338 376 365 290 365 362

State and local education

266 380 337 175 192 202 139 192 199

State and local, excluding education

426 545 565 162 185 163 151 173 164




RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

5.5 7.0 7.1 4.3 4.5 4.5 3.8 4.0 4.2

Total private

5.9 7.4 7.5 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.3 4.4 4.6

Mining and logging

4.4 5.7 6.2 4.4 4.1 4.0 2.8 2.9 3.5

Construction

4.3 4.8 4.9 6.0 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.5 5.1

Manufacturing

5.8 5.9 6.4 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.4 3.7 3.8

Durable goods

4.8 5.6 6.2 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2

Nondurable goods

7.3 6.2 6.7 4.0 4.8 4.9 3.9 4.4 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

5.7 6.5 6.6 4.6 5.3 5.0 4.3 4.6 4.8

Wholesale trade

4.2 5.2 4.5 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7

Retail trade

5.9 6.7 7.5 5.3 6.4 6.1 4.9 5.7 5.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

6.5 7.2 6.3 4.6 4.7 4.4 4.5 3.7 4.0

Information

3.9 5.8 6.5 3.7 3.0 3.7 3.1 2.9 2.8

Financial activities

3.7 4.8 5.4 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3

Finance and insurance

3.9 4.6 5.3 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

3.0 5.4 5.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.6

Professional and business services

7.0 8.5 8.8 5.8 5.9 6.1 5.3 5.4 5.7

Education and health services

6.0 8.6 8.5 3.2 3.7 3.4 2.9 3.3 3.2

Educational services

3.5 5.2 5.6 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.5

Health care and social assistance

6.4 9.2 9.0 3.3 3.8 3.5 3.0 3.4 3.3

Leisure and hospitality

7.6 10.0 9.7 8.5 7.7 7.9 7.1 6.8 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

8.7 8.3 8.7 8.4 7.3 8.1 5.9 6.0 6.3

Accommodation and food services

7.5 10.3 9.9 8.5 7.7 7.8 7.3 7.0 7.2

Other services

4.3 6.8 6.6 4.1 4.7 4.3 3.8 4.1 4.2

Government

3.6 4.7 4.5 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.8

Federal

4.2 5.3 4.7 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4

State and local

3.5 4.6 4.5 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.9

State and local education

2.6 3.6 3.2 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.4 1.9 1.9

State and local, excluding education

4.5 5.7 5.9 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.8

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, 
other separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in 
accordance with the North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working.

Job Openings.  Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires.  Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations.  Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 
establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size class. The 
establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state unemployment insurance 
laws and federal agencies subject to the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates 
of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the 
levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

Birth/death model.  The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. Also within the first year, new businesses may go out of business, 
referred to as a death. Because not all births and deaths of establishments can be reflected on the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from them during their early 
existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity from previous 
years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to the 
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment.  The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences as well as sampling and non- sampling errors between the two surveys historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and re-seasonally adjust.

Seasonal adjustment.  BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment 
methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up 
to and including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trends (hires minus 
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates.  The JOLTS estimates are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment 
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-
adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The 
seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment 
factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS 
data series, for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 
approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are 
published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news release each year. Annual 
estimates are not calculated for job openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the 
last business day of each month.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs when a sample 
is surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 
the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 
estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of 
sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons 
including: the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 
made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 
services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

8,480 10,922 11,448 11,283 11,344 11,549 5.5 6.8 7.1 7.0 7.0 7.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

7,662 9,935 10,343 10,235 10,256 10,504 5.9 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5

Mining and logging

25 35 34 37 36 40 4.4 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.7 6.2

Construction

336 366 359 383 383 396 4.3 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.9

Manufacturing

751 806 746 859 785 860 5.8 6.0 5.6 6.4 5.9 6.4

Durable goods

387 499 422 500 467 517 4.8 6.0 5.1 6.0 5.6 6.2

Nondurable goods

365 307 324 360 318 343 7.3 6.1 6.4 7.0 6.2 6.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,667 1,913 1,942 1,832 1,993 2,036 5.7 6.4 6.4 6.1 6.5 6.6

Wholesale trade

246 318 295 294 317 274 4.2 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.2 4.5

Retail trade

966 1,036 1,036 1,029 1,139 1,294 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.7 7.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

456 559 611 510 537 468 6.5 7.6 8.2 6.9 7.2 6.3

Information

111 193 232 217 180 202 3.9 6.2 7.4 6.9 5.8 6.5

Financial activities

335 492 470 502 453 505 3.7 5.3 5.0 5.4 4.8 5.4

Finance and insurance

266 372 355 376 319 370 3.9 5.4 5.1 5.4 4.6 5.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

69 119 115 126 134 135 3.0 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.4 5.4

Professional and business services

1,588 1,904 2,021 2,078 2,038 2,141 7.0 8.1 8.5 8.7 8.5 8.8

Education and health services

1,499 2,125 2,187 2,146 2,256 2,249 6.0 8.2 8.4 8.2 8.6 8.5

Educational services

129 205 217 178 204 222 3.5 5.3 5.5 4.6 5.2 5.6

Health care and social assistance

1,370 1,920 1,970 1,968 2,052 2,027 6.4 8.7 8.9 8.9 9.2 9.0

Leisure and hospitality

1,108 1,666 1,990 1,698 1,720 1,675 7.6 10.0 11.7 10.0 10.0 9.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

174 196 205 175 203 216 8.7 8.3 8.6 7.3 8.3 8.7

Accommodation and food services

934 1,470 1,785 1,523 1,517 1,458 7.5 10.3 12.2 10.4 10.3 9.9

Other services

241 435 362 483 412 400 4.3 7.2 6.1 7.9 6.8 6.6

Government

818 987 1,105 1,048 1,088 1,044 3.6 4.3 4.8 4.5 4.7 4.5

Federal

127 151 167 125 162 142 4.2 5.0 5.5 4.2 5.3 4.7

State and local

691 836 938 924 926 902 3.5 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5

State and local education

266 329 361 373 380 337 2.6 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.2

State and local, excluding education

426 507 577 551 545 565 4.5 5.3 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,521 1,880 1,923 1,952 1,911 1,888 5.6 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.6

South

3,310 4,137 4,330 4,237 4,262 4,516 5.8 7.0 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.4

Midwest

1,807 2,410 2,530 2,587 2,487 2,471 5.5 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.1 7.0

West

1,841 2,495 2,664 2,507 2,684 2,674 5.2 6.7 7.1 6.7 7.1 7.1

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

6,208 6,705 6,450 6,426 6,832 6,737 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,832 6,305 6,062 6,019 6,414 6,331 4.8 5.0 4.8 4.7 5.0 4.9

Mining and logging

24 19 20 20 24 24 4.4 3.3 3.5 3.4 4.1 4.0

Construction

444 428 361 323 408 398 6.0 5.7 4.8 4.3 5.4 5.2

Manufacturing

449 465 457 467 500 508 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 4.0 4.0

Durable goods

261 256 258 250 272 273 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.5

Nondurable goods

188 209 199 217 228 236 4.0 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.8 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,270 1,406 1,377 1,371 1,513 1,441 4.6 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.3 5.0

Wholesale trade

157 194 170 170 172 166 2.8 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9

Retail trade

812 905 901 898 1,017 971 5.3 5.8 5.8 5.7 6.4 6.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

301 307 306 303 324 304 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.4

Information

102 114 111 116 89 109 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.0 3.7

Financial activities

205 233 229 236 236 212 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.4

Finance and insurance

135 153 145 161 159 138 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

70 81 84 75 77 74 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.2

Professional and business services

1,214 1,295 1,212 1,242 1,307 1,351 5.8 6.0 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.1

Education and health services

763 867 846 832 890 820 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.4

Educational services

102 109 102 103 116 110 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.1 2.9

Health care and social assistance

661 758 744 730 774 710 3.3 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.5

Leisure and hospitality

1,143 1,216 1,192 1,202 1,182 1,222 8.5 8.2 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

154 162 165 165 163 185 8.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.3 8.1

Accommodation and food services

989 1,054 1,027 1,037 1,019 1,038 8.5 8.3 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.8

Other services

219 262 256 210 266 244 4.1 4.7 4.6 3.7 4.7 4.3

Government

376 400 388 407 418 407 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8

Federal

38 45 45 41 42 42 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.5

State and local

338 355 344 366 376 365 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9

State and local education

175 197 183 200 192 202 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0

State and local, excluding education

162 158 161 166 185 163 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,014 1,001 999 1,007 1,056 1,012 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8

South

2,406 2,814 2,650 2,611 2,886 2,837 4.5 5.1 4.8 4.7 5.2 5.0

Midwest

1,354 1,380 1,396 1,318 1,305 1,380 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.2

West

1,434 1,510 1,406 1,490 1,585 1,508 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

5,540 6,197 6,042 6,044 6,082 6,321 3.8 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,212 5,810 5,648 5,673 5,676 5,917 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.6

Mining and logging

15 15 17 18 17 21 2.8 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.5

Construction

353 374 329 325 344 389 4.8 5.0 4.4 4.3 4.5 5.1

Manufacturing

414 418 434 457 473 484 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8

Durable goods

235 243 244 246 261 251 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.2

Nondurable goods

179 175 190 211 212 233 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,188 1,338 1,330 1,308 1,311 1,371 4.3 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.8

Wholesale trade

153 167 142 161 156 159 2.7 2.9 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.7

Retail trade

744 899 916 865 895 931 4.9 5.8 5.9 5.5 5.7 5.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

292 272 272 282 260 280 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.1 3.7 4.0

Information

87 93 112 122 83 82 3.1 3.2 3.8 4.2 2.9 2.8

Financial activities

195 201 206 233 201 202 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.3

Finance and insurance

128 140 135 163 144 141 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

67 61 70 70 57 62 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.4 2.6

Professional and business services

1,106 1,227 1,150 1,133 1,178 1,254 5.3 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.7

Education and health services

690 857 800 805 785 775 2.9 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.2

Educational services

80 90 84 89 102 93 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.5

Health care and social assistance

611 767 716 716 683 682 3.0 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3

Leisure and hospitality

958 1,072 1,029 1,052 1,054 1,103 7.1 7.2 6.8 6.9 6.8 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

107 132 123 143 134 143 5.9 6.1 5.6 6.5 6.0 6.3

Accommodation and food services

851 939 906 909 920 960 7.3 7.4 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.2

Other services

204 215 241 219 229 237 3.8 3.9 4.3 3.9 4.1 4.2

Government

328 387 395 371 407 404 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8

Federal

38 41 57 44 42 42 1.3 1.4 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.4

State and local

290 345 338 327 365 362 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.9

State and local education

139 172 174 160 192 199 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.9

State and local, excluding education

151 173 163 167 173 164 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

818 922 815 881 905 900 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.3

South

2,251 2,550 2,507 2,413 2,454 2,659 4.2 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.7

Midwest

1,243 1,344 1,341 1,254 1,269 1,236 4.0 4.2 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.8

West

1,228 1,381 1,380 1,497 1,455 1,526 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.2 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

3,695 4,510 4,403 4,258 4,384 4,536 2.6 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,513 4,266 4,164 4,032 4,130 4,284 2.9 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3

Mining and logging

9 10 13 14 14 16 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.6

Construction

187 215 185 172 173 242 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.3 3.2

Manufacturing

278 307 322 315 345 360 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.8

Durable goods

161 185 180 165 189 188 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.4

Nondurable goods

117 122 141 150 157 172 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

852 1,024 1,082 991 1,030 1,016 3.1 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.6

Wholesale trade

94 128 113 112 123 110 1.7 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.9

Retail trade

573 710 786 697 732 719 3.7 4.6 5.0 4.5 4.6 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

185 186 183 181 175 187 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.7

Information

56 51 61 45 51 50 2.0 1.8 2.1 1.5 1.7 1.7

Financial activities

124 132 130 164 143 146 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.6

Finance and insurance

79 85 81 113 100 103 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

44 48 49 51 43 43 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.8

Professional and business services

633 834 760 711 721 809 3.0 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.7

Education and health services

526 689 597 617 618 599 2.2 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5

Educational services

52 63 57 58 57 58 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5

Health care and social assistance

474 626 540 559 561 542 2.4 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

718 881 856 853 866 889 5.3 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

58 68 81 71 70 79 3.2 3.1 3.7 3.2 3.1 3.5

Accommodation and food services

660 813 776 782 796 810 5.7 6.4 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1

Other services

130 123 159 152 170 156 2.4 2.2 2.8 2.7 3.0 2.8

Government

182 244 238 225 254 252 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1

Federal

19 23 23 24 23 23 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local

163 221 215 202 231 229 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2

State and local education

79 102 108 100 123 132 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3

State and local, excluding education

85 119 107 101 108 97 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

509 608 601 580 602 599 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2

South

1,541 1,883 1,820 1,748 1,784 1,923 2.9 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.4

Midwest

834 1,008 998 898 942 894 2.7 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.7

West

810 1,010 985 1,032 1,056 1,119 2.4 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

1,512 1,295 1,262 1,403 1,354 1,405 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,430 1,228 1,183 1,327 1,273 1,320 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging

5 4 4 3 3 3 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.6

Construction

156 150 133 144 157 121 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.1 1.6

Manufacturing

114 81 90 115 104 101 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8

Durable goods

59 40 49 62 57 49 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6

Nondurable goods

55 41 41 53 47 53 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

279 251 192 253 229 278 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.0

Wholesale trade

48 36 20 35 27 33 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6

Retail trade

136 141 102 145 128 173 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

95 74 70 73 74 71 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0

Information

28 31 38 74 19 24 1.0 1.1 1.3 2.5 0.6 0.8

Financial activities

61 28 44 33 42 33 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4

Finance and insurance

38 16 24 20 28 15 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

22 13 19 13 14 18 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8

Professional and business services

393 308 306 326 365 371 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7

Education and health services

125 126 166 148 135 131 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

Educational services

22 22 20 22 37 23 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.6

Health care and social assistance

102 105 147 126 98 108 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

207 167 141 177 164 186 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

47 62 37 70 61 61 2.6 2.9 1.7 3.2 2.7 2.7

Accommodation and food services

160 106 104 107 102 124 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

Other services

61 81 69 54 55 72 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3

Government

83 67 79 75 81 85 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4

Federal

8 5 19 7 7 6 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local

75 61 60 69 74 79 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local education

40 38 33 34 41 41 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding education

35 24 26 35 33 38 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

248 240 156 230 235 230 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.9

South

581 525 550 521 529 590 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1

Midwest

340 244 271 281 269 264 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

West

344 286 286 371 321 321 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Jan.
2022
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

333 393 377 383 344 380 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

269 317 300 313 272 313 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

1 1 1 1 1 2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3

Construction

10 9 12 9 14 26 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Manufacturing

22 31 22 27 23 22 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

15 19 15 19 15 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

7 12 7 8 8 8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

57 64 56 65 52 77 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade

11 3 9 14 6 16 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3

Retail trade

35 48 28 22 35 39 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

11 12 19 28 11 22 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3

Information

4 11 13 4 14 8 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.3

Financial activities

11 41 32 36 16 24 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3

Finance and insurance

11 40 30 30 16 23 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

1 1 2 6 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0

Professional and business services

80 85 83 97 91 74 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3

Education and health services

40 42 37 40 32 44 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services

5 5 8 8 8 12 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Health care and social assistance

34 37 29 31 24 32 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

33 23 31 23 24 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2 3 5 2 2 2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

31 21 26 20 22 25 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services

13 11 13 13 4 9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Government

64 76 77 70 72 67 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

12 13 14 14 12 12 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local

52 63 63 57 60 55 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education

21 32 33 26 28 26 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

31 30 30 31 32 28 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

61 74 59 71 68 71 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

South

129 142 137 145 141 146 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest

69 92 72 75 58 78 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

75 85 109 94 77 86 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

8,286 10,853 11,352 5.5 6.8 7.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

7,447 9,801 10,293 5.8 7.2 7.5

Mining and logging

24 34 40 4.2 5.4 6.3

Construction

346 359 415 4.6 4.7 5.3

Manufacturing

742 783 853 5.7 5.9 6.3

Durable goods

385 466 521 4.8 5.6 6.2

Nondurable goods

357 317 332 7.2 6.2 6.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,539 1,822 1,930 5.4 6.0 6.4

Wholesale trade

233 310 253 4.0 5.1 4.2

Retail trade

858 991 1,220 5.4 6.0 7.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

447 520 457 6.4 7.0 6.2

Information

106 170 192 3.7 5.5 6.2

Financial activities

320 445 501 3.6 4.8 5.4

Finance and insurance

249 311 357 3.7 4.5 5.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

71 134 144 3.2 5.5 5.9

Professional and business services

1,554 1,943 2,123 7.0 8.2 8.8

Education and health services

1,427 2,207 2,133 5.7 8.4 8.1

Educational services

118 198 207 3.1 4.9 5.0

Health care and social assistance

1,308 2,009 1,925 6.1 9.0 8.6

Leisure and hospitality

1,144 1,643 1,718 8.2 10.0 10.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

188 213 250 10.3 9.6 10.7

Accommodation and food services

955 1,430 1,468 7.8 10.1 10.2

Other services

246 395 389 4.4 6.6 6.5

Government

839 1,052 1,059 3.7 4.5 4.5

Federal

138 163 155 4.6 5.4 5.1

State and local

701 889 904 3.5 4.4 4.4

State and local education

267 342 326 2.5 3.1 3.0

State and local, excluding education

434 547 578 4.6 5.8 6.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,463 1,880 1,780 5.4 6.6 6.3

South

3,266 4,078 4,542 5.8 6.8 7.5

Midwest

1,795 2,372 2,458 5.5 6.8 7.0

West

1,762 2,522 2,571 5.0 6.8 6.9

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

5,632 5,652 6,148 3.9 3.8 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,363 5,339 5,863 4.4 4.2 4.6

Mining and logging

26 22 27 4.8 3.7 4.5

Construction

422 352 388 5.9 4.8 5.2

Manufacturing

417 446 477 3.4 3.6 3.8

Durable goods

248 247 260 3.3 3.2 3.3

Nondurable goods

169 199 217 3.7 4.2 4.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,114 1,202 1,263 4.1 4.2 4.5

Wholesale trade

156 147 161 2.8 2.6 2.8

Retail trade

743 805 892 4.9 5.1 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

215 249 210 3.3 3.6 3.0

Information

89 65 95 3.2 2.3 3.2

Financial activities

187 207 189 2.1 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance

122 150 122 1.9 2.3 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

65 57 66 3.0 2.5 2.9

Professional and business services

1,139 1,147 1,291 5.5 5.3 5.9

Education and health services

688 771 733 2.9 3.2 3.0

Educational services

66 96 78 1.8 2.5 2.0

Health care and social assistance

622 675 655 3.1 3.3 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

1,094 915 1,194 8.5 6.2 8.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

143 98 183 8.7 4.9 8.8

Accommodation and food services

951 817 1,011 8.5 6.4 7.8

Other services

188 212 208 3.5 3.8 3.7

Government

269 312 285 1.2 1.4 1.3

Federal

33 32 35 1.1 1.1 1.2

State and local

236 280 251 1.2 1.4 1.3

State and local education

99 143 115 1.0 1.3 1.1

State and local, excluding education

137 137 135 1.5 1.6 1.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

909 839 936 3.6 3.2 3.5

South

2,215 2,451 2,615 4.2 4.4 4.7

Midwest

1,237 1,043 1,263 4.0 3.2 3.9

West

1,271 1,319 1,334 3.8 3.8 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

4,855 4,927 5,637 3.4 3.3 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,618 4,653 5,347 3.8 3.7 4.2

Mining and logging

14 18 20 2.5 3.1 3.3

Construction

303 284 347 4.2 3.9 4.7

Manufacturing

408 404 488 3.3 3.2 3.9

Durable goods

238 221 255 3.1 2.8 3.2

Nondurable goods

169 183 234 3.7 3.8 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,052 1,070 1,214 3.9 3.8 4.3

Wholesale trade

151 137 156 2.7 2.4 2.7

Retail trade

633 718 785 4.2 4.6 5.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

268 215 272 4.1 3.1 3.9

Information

79 68 71 2.8 2.4 2.4

Financial activities

176 180 180 2.0 2.0 2.0

Finance and insurance

120 137 130 1.8 2.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

56 43 50 2.6 1.9 2.2

Professional and business services

1,003 1,064 1,181 4.8 4.9 5.4

Education and health services

623 658 692 2.6 2.7 2.9

Educational services

47 63 58 1.3 1.6 1.5

Health care and social assistance

576 595 634 2.9 2.9 3.1

Leisure and hospitality

789 738 944 6.1 5.0 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

63 64 91 3.8 3.2 4.4

Accommodation and food services

726 674 854 6.5 5.3 6.6

Other services

173 168 209 3.3 3.0 3.7

Government

237 274 290 1.1 1.2 1.3

Federal

35 36 38 1.2 1.2 1.3

State and local

202 238 252 1.0 1.2 1.3

State and local education

71 103 110 0.7 1.0 1.0

State and local, excluding education

131 135 142 1.5 1.5 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

650 700 735 2.5 2.6 2.8

South

2,071 2,089 2,526 3.9 3.8 4.5

Midwest

1,079 1,013 1,045 3.5 3.1 3.2

West

1,055 1,124 1,330 3.2 3.2 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

3,325 3,509 4,152 2.3 2.4 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,183 3,325 3,958 2.6 2.6 3.1

Mining and logging

8 14 15 1.5 2.4 2.6

Construction

168 141 232 2.3 1.9 3.1

Manufacturing

274 292 363 2.2 2.3 2.9

Durable goods

161 156 191 2.1 2.0 2.4

Nondurable goods

113 136 171 2.4 2.9 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

789 827 934 2.9 2.9 3.3

Wholesale trade

95 105 108 1.7 1.8 1.9

Retail trade

507 574 628 3.4 3.7 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

186 148 198 2.9 2.1 2.9

Information

52 44 47 1.9 1.5 1.6

Financial activities

108 125 132 1.2 1.4 1.5

Finance and insurance

70 92 96 1.1 1.4 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

38 34 36 1.7 1.5 1.6

Professional and business services

566 608 751 2.7 2.8 3.4

Education and health services

486 521 548 2.1 2.2 2.3

Educational services

33 39 38 0.9 1.0 1.0

Health care and social assistance

453 482 510 2.3 2.4 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

611 625 784 4.7 4.2 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

41 44 62 2.5 2.2 3.0

Accommodation and food services

571 581 722 5.1 4.6 5.6

Other services

123 129 151 2.3 2.3 2.7

Government

142 184 194 0.6 0.8 0.9

Federal

18 20 23 0.6 0.7 0.8

State and local

124 164 171 0.6 0.8 0.9

State and local education

44 74 79 0.4 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education

80 90 92 0.9 1.0 1.0

REGION(3)

Northeast

433 487 523 1.7 1.8 2.0

South

1,452 1,492 1,872 2.7 2.7 3.3

Midwest

741 741 777 2.4 2.3 2.4

West

699 790 980 2.1 2.3 2.8

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

1,218 1,114 1,133 0.9 0.7 0.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,175 1,074 1,087 1.0 0.8 0.9

Mining and logging

5 3 3 0.9 0.5 0.5

Construction

122 132 87 1.7 1.8 1.2

Manufacturing

111 92 103 0.9 0.7 0.8

Durable goods

62 52 49 0.8 0.7 0.6

Nondurable goods

49 40 54 1.1 0.8 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

214 195 208 0.8 0.7 0.7

Wholesale trade

45 27 31 0.8 0.5 0.5

Retail trade

98 111 125 0.6 0.7 0.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

71 57 52 1.1 0.8 0.8

Information

23 10 17 0.8 0.4 0.6

Financial activities

57 40 25 0.7 0.5 0.3

Finance and insurance

40 31 13 0.6 0.5 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

17 9 13 0.8 0.4 0.6

Professional and business services

354 367 354 1.7 1.7 1.6

Education and health services

101 107 107 0.4 0.4 0.4

Educational services

11 17 12 0.3 0.5 0.3

Health care and social assistance

90 89 95 0.4 0.4 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

150 92 135 1.2 0.6 0.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

20 18 27 1.2 0.9 1.3

Accommodation and food services

129 74 108 1.1 0.6 0.8

Other services

37 36 47 0.7 0.7 0.8

Government

44 40 46 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal

7 6 5 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local

36 34 41 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education

16 17 18 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

20 17 23 0.2 0.2 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

162 156 148 0.6 0.6 0.6

South

506 461 528 0.9 0.8 0.9

Midwest

273 229 195 0.9 0.7 0.6

West

277 268 262 0.8 0.8 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)
Mar.
2021
Feb.
2022
Mar.
2022(p)

Total

311 303 352 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

260 254 302 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

1 1 2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Construction

13 12 28 0.2 0.2 0.4

Manufacturing

22 21 23 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

15 13 14 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

8 7 9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

50 49 72 0.2 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade

11 5 17 0.2 0.1 0.3

Retail trade

28 33 33 0.2 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

11 10 22 0.2 0.1 0.3

Information

4 14 7 0.1 0.5 0.2

Financial activities

10 14 22 0.1 0.2 0.3

Finance and insurance

10 14 22 0.2 0.2 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

1 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Professional and business services

83 89 76 0.4 0.4 0.3

Education and health services

36 30 37 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services

3 6 7 0.1 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance

33 24 30 0.2 0.1 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

28 21 25 0.2 0.1 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2 1 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

27 19 23 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services

13 3 11 0.2 0.1 0.2

Government

51 50 50 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal

10 9 9 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

41 40 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education

11 12 13 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education

30 28 27 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

54 58 64 0.2 0.2 0.2

South

114 137 126 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest

65 43 73 0.2 0.1 0.2

West

79 66 89 0.2 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: May 03, 2022