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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, June 8, 2016	USDL-16-1149

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – APRIL 2016

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.8 million on the last business day of April, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires edged down to 5.1 million while separations were little 
changed at 5.0 million. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.0 percent, and the layoffs and discharges 
rate was 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and 
separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

Job openings were little changed at 5.8 million in April. The job openings rate was 3.9 percent. The 
number of job openings was little changed in April for total private and for government. Job openings 
increased in a number of industries, with the largest changes occurring in wholesale trade (+65,000), 
transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+58,000), durable goods manufacturing (+46,000), and real 
estate and rental and leasing (+41,000). Job openings decreased in professional and business services
(-274,000). The number of job openings was little changed in all four regions. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires edged down to 5.1 million in April. The hires rate was 3.5 percent. The number of 
hires was little changed in April for total private and edged down for government (-31,000). Hires were 
little changed in all industries in April and decreased in the Midwest region. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 5.0 million total separations in April, little changed from March. The total separations rate 
in April was 3.5 percent. The number of total separations was little changed over the month for total 
private and for government. All industries experienced little change in total separations over the month. 
In the regions, the number of total separations declined in the Midwest. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed in April at 2.9 million. The quits rate was 2.0 percent. Over the 
month, the number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. Quits increased in 
arts, entertainment, and recreation (+15,000) but decreased in construction (-45,000) and mining and 
logging (-5,000). The number of quits decreased in the Northeast region. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in April, little changed from March. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.1 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month 
for total private and for government. In April, layoffs and discharges declined in professional and 
business services (-81,000). In the regions, layoffs and discharges decreased in the Midwest. (See table 
5.)

In April, other separations edged up for total nonfarm and for total private, and was little changed for 
government. The number of other separations rose in health care and social assistance (+20,000), 
accommodation and food services (+13,000), and information (+7,000). The number of other 
separations was little changed over the month in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in April, hires totaled 62.4 million and 
separations totaled 59.7 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.7 million. These totals include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for May 2016 are scheduled to be released 
on Tuesday, July 12, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

5,580 5,670 5,788 5,071 5,290 5,092 4,887 5,096 4,988

Total private

5,083 5,175 5,289 4,730 4,912 4,743 4,558 4,747 4,630

Mining and logging(1)

15 9 16 25 26 23 39 40 33

Construction(1)

170 215 200 335 346 339 299 334 337

Manufacturing

337 337 415 254 251 273 259 288 279

Durable goods(1)

215 167 213 145 145 156 151 171 159

Nondurable goods(1)

122 170 202 109 106 117 108 116 120

Trade, transportation, and utilities

978 975 1,120 1,040 1,094 1,018 1,018 1,043 1,011

Wholesale trade(1)

181 189 254 128 164 150 127 145 148

Retail trade

538 605 626 720 769 713 712 747 707

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

259 181 239 191 161 156 178 151 156

Information(1)

116 75 102 78 74 80 68 67 82

Financial activities

380 326 380 211 218 202 207 191 184

Finance and insurance

279 257 270 145 135 131 133 116 112

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

100 69 110 66 83 71 74 76 72

Professional and business services

1,116 1,145 871 1,066 1,071 1,038 1,027 1,042 1,002

Education and health services

1,056 1,042 1,124 594 615 612 531 557 569

Educational services(1)

103 85 109 73 82 94 68 73 76

Health care and social assistance

954 957 1,015 521 534 519 463 484 492

Leisure and hospitality

726 781 763 929 1,001 957 929 972 934

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

67 80 65 142 150 120 135 144 126

Accommodation and food services

659 701 698 788 852 837 794 828 808

Other services(1)

189 269 299 197 215 201 182 213 201

Government

496 494 498 341 379 348 329 349 358

Federal(1)

78 90 86 39 40 34 36 39 40

State and local

418 404 412 302 339 314 293 310 318

State and local education

138 145 143 143 174 161 144 171 175

State and local, excluding education(1)

280 259 269 158 165 154 149 139 143





RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

3.8 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Total private

4.1 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.8

Mining and logging(1)

1.7 1.3 2.1 3.0 3.6 3.2 4.7 5.6 4.6

Construction(1)

2.6 3.1 2.9 5.2 5.2 5.1 4.7 5.0 5.1

Manufacturing

2.7 2.7 3.3 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.3

Durable goods(1)

2.7 2.1 2.7 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.1

Nondurable goods(1)

2.6 3.6 4.2 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.5 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade(1)

3.0 3.1 4.1 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.5

Retail trade

3.3 3.7 3.8 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

4.6 3.2 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.9 3.3 2.8 2.9

Information(1)

4.1 2.6 3.5 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.9

Financial activities

4.5 3.8 4.4 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.2

Finance and insurance

4.4 4.0 4.2 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

4.6 3.2 4.9 3.2 3.9 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.4

Professional and business services

5.4 5.4 4.2 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.0

Education and health services

4.6 4.4 4.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.5

Educational services(1)

2.9 2.4 3.0 2.1 2.3 2.7 2.0 2.1 2.2

Health care and social assistance

4.9 4.8 5.1 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

4.6 4.8 4.7 6.2 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3.0 3.5 2.8 6.6 6.7 5.4 6.3 6.5 5.7

Accommodation and food services

4.9 5.0 5.0 6.1 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.1

Other services(1)

3.3 4.5 5.0 3.5 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.5

Government

2.2 2.2 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6

Federal(1)

2.8 3.2 3.0 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

State and local

2.1 2.0 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6

State and local education

1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7

State and local, excluding education(1)

3.0 2.8 2.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6

Footnotes
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

5,580 5,281 5,604 5,608 5,670 5,788 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,083 4,786 5,137 5,132 5,175 5,289 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2

Mining and logging(3)

15 14 17 10 9 16 1.7 1.8 2.2 1.3 1.3 2.1

Construction(3)

170 124 157 201 215 200 2.6 1.8 2.3 2.9 3.1 2.9

Manufacturing

337 317 336 320 337 415 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 3.3

Durable goods(3)

215 174 183 169 167 213 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.7

Nondurable goods(3)

122 143 153 151 170 202 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.6 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

978 822 979 1,026 975 1,120 3.5 2.9 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.9

Wholesale trade(3)

181 137 199 216 189 254 3.0 2.3 3.3 3.5 3.1 4.1

Retail trade

538 538 602 649 605 626 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

259 147 178 161 181 239 4.6 2.6 3.2 2.9 3.2 4.2

Information(3)

116 101 97 87 75 102 4.1 3.5 3.4 3.1 2.6 3.5

Financial activities

380 390 372 351 326 380 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.8 4.4

Finance and insurance

279 319 298 261 257 270 4.4 5.0 4.7 4.1 4.0 4.2

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

100 71 74 91 69 110 4.6 3.3 3.4 4.1 3.2 4.9

Professional and business services

1,116 1,034 1,088 1,101 1,145 871 5.4 4.9 5.2 5.2 5.4 4.2

Education and health services

1,056 1,075 1,129 1,047 1,042 1,124 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.7

Educational services(3)

103 93 83 113 85 109 2.9 2.6 2.3 3.1 2.4 3.0

Health care and social assistance

954 982 1,046 934 957 1,015 4.9 4.9 5.2 4.7 4.8 5.1

Leisure and hospitality

726 710 745 751 781 763 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

67 62 68 69 80 65 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.5 2.8

Accommodation and food services

659 648 677 682 701 698 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0

Other services(3)

189 199 217 238 269 299 3.3 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.5 5.0

Government

496 495 467 475 494 498 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2

Federal(3)

78 80 80 88 90 86 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.0

State and local

418 415 387 387 404 412 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1

State and local education

138 171 152 147 145 143 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education(3)

280 245 235 240 259 269 3.0 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9

REGION(4)

Northeast

883 887 900 895 898 904 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

South

2,114 1,981 2,077 2,110 2,152 2,153 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 3.9

Midwest

1,243 1,100 1,311 1,283 1,308 1,346 3.8 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.9 4.0

West

1,339 1,313 1,316 1,319 1,311 1,384 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

5,071 5,401 5,125 5,510 5,290 5,092 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,730 5,042 4,789 5,154 4,912 4,743 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.2 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging

25 33 26 23 26 23 3.0 4.3 3.4 3.2 3.6 3.2

Construction

335 322 305 341 346 339 5.2 4.9 4.6 5.1 5.2 5.1

Manufacturing

254 274 274 276 251 273 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2

Durable goods

145 163 168 163 145 156 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods

109 112 106 113 106 117 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,040 1,087 1,062 1,182 1,094 1,018 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.3 4.0 3.7

Wholesale trade

128 128 137 147 164 150 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.5

Retail trade

720 760 765 856 769 713 4.6 4.8 4.8 5.4 4.8 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

191 199 161 178 161 156 3.6 3.7 3.0 3.3 3.0 2.9

Information

78 72 84 80 74 80 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.9

Financial activities

211 217 229 234 218 202 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.4

Finance and insurance

145 142 164 164 135 131 2.4 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

66 75 65 70 83 71 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.9 3.4

Professional and business services

1,066 1,175 1,080 1,110 1,071 1,038 5.5 5.9 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.2

Education and health services

594 641 579 651 615 612 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.7

Educational services

73 84 60 101 82 94 2.1 2.4 1.7 2.9 2.3 2.7

Health care and social assistance

521 557 519 550 534 519 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

929 1,024 967 1,062 1,001 957 6.2 6.7 6.3 6.9 6.5 6.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

142 151 157 152 150 120 6.6 6.9 7.1 6.9 6.7 5.4

Accommodation and food services

788 873 810 909 852 837 6.1 6.6 6.1 6.9 6.4 6.3

Other services

197 198 183 195 215 201 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.5

Government

341 359 335 357 379 348 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6

Federal

39 45 41 43 40 34 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.2

State and local

302 314 295 313 339 314 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6

State and local education

143 165 162 152 174 161 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6

State and local, excluding education

158 149 133 161 165 154 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

771 827 795 850 829 815 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.1

South

1,976 2,109 1,851 2,083 2,069 1,995 3.8 4.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 3.8

Midwest

1,183 1,249 1,259 1,276 1,254 1,085 3.7 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.4

West

1,140 1,216 1,220 1,302 1,138 1,196 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

4,887 5,128 4,977 5,159 5,096 4,988 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,558 4,774 4,631 4,812 4,747 4,630 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.8

Mining and logging

39 45 43 42 40 33 4.7 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6 4.6

Construction

299 283 279 325 334 337 4.7 4.3 4.2 4.9 5.0 5.1

Manufacturing

259 263 266 304 288 279 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.3

Durable goods

151 162 158 187 171 159 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.1

Nondurable goods

108 101 108 117 116 120 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,018 1,074 1,052 1,052 1,043 1,011 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade

127 133 142 137 145 148 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.5

Retail trade

712 762 725 751 747 707 4.6 4.8 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

178 178 185 164 151 156 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.0 2.8 2.9

Information

68 61 79 70 67 82 2.5 2.2 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.9

Financial activities

207 203 215 219 191 184 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.3 2.2

Finance and insurance

133 142 154 156 116 112 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 1.9 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

74 62 60 63 76 72 3.6 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.6 3.4

Professional and business services

1,027 1,095 1,053 1,072 1,042 1,002 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.0

Education and health services

531 578 557 552 557 569 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Educational services

68 74 77 86 73 76 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.2

Health care and social assistance

463 504 480 466 484 492 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

929 1,003 907 1,011 972 934 6.2 6.5 5.9 6.6 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

135 141 157 132 144 126 6.3 6.5 7.2 6.0 6.5 5.7

Accommodation and food services

794 862 750 879 828 808 6.2 6.6 5.7 6.7 6.3 6.1

Other services

182 168 181 165 213 201 3.2 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.7 3.5

Government

329 354 346 348 349 358 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

Federal

36 40 41 40 39 40 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5

State and local

293 314 304 308 310 318 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

144 161 168 167 171 175 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

State and local, excluding education

149 153 137 141 139 143 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

750 855 775 808 797 780 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9

South

1,958 2,011 1,906 2,000 1,891 1,954 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.7

Midwest

1,115 1,105 1,114 1,181 1,287 1,101 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 4.0 3.4

West

1,063 1,156 1,182 1,170 1,121 1,154 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

2,681 3,088 2,851 2,955 2,948 2,912 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,531 2,922 2,684 2,793 2,780 2,746 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3

Mining and logging

13 16 19 11 15 10 1.5 2.1 2.6 1.6 2.1 1.4

Construction

118 137 86 111 158 113 1.8 2.1 1.3 1.7 2.4 1.7

Manufacturing

139 133 147 154 142 137 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

Durable goods

79 80 83 89 79 76 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Nondurable goods

60 54 64 65 63 61 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

601 719 637 618 656 614 2.2 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2

Wholesale trade

79 81 86 86 88 81 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4

Retail trade

438 518 462 446 492 447 2.8 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.1 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

85 120 90 87 77 86 1.6 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6

Information

41 35 38 38 36 39 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

Financial activities

113 122 111 130 98 102 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.2

Finance and insurance

74 87 81 93 53 63 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

39 36 30 37 45 39 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.8 2.2 1.9

Professional and business services

510 614 550 577 545 579 2.6 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9

Education and health services

354 385 343 379 386 382 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7

Educational services

37 49 47 43 35 38 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.1

Health care and social assistance

317 336 296 335 351 344 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8

Leisure and hospitality

532 671 636 683 644 641 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.2 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

50 60 64 77 56 71 2.3 2.7 2.9 3.5 2.5 3.2

Accommodation and food services

482 611 572 606 588 570 3.7 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.3

Other services(3)

110 89 117 91 101 128 2.0 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.8 2.3

Government

151 166 167 162 168 167 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8

Federal

11 13 13 14 14 15 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local

139 153 154 149 154 152 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local education

69 75 80 78 74 76 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education

70 78 73 71 79 77 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8

REGION(4)

Northeast

379 445 401 415 399 340 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3

South

1,137 1,286 1,179 1,167 1,165 1,211 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3

Midwest

583 656 629 725 684 660 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.1 2.1

West

583 701 641 647 700 701 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

1,798 1,672 1,704 1,808 1,768 1,646 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,686 1,549 1,582 1,687 1,650 1,518 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.2

Mining and logging(3)

25 26 21 27 21 19 2.9 3.4 2.8 3.7 2.9 2.7

Construction

161 138 182 202 165 205 2.5 2.1 2.7 3.0 2.5 3.1

Manufacturing

96 104 97 121 116 115 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9

Durable goods

58 65 61 83 71 65 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8

Nondurable goods

38 39 35 38 44 49 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

314 266 312 320 287 292 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1

Wholesale trade(3)

30 39 48 42 44 55 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9

Retail trade

211 177 194 211 183 182 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

73 50 71 67 59 55 1.4 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0

Information

21 19 25 21 22 27 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0

Financial activities

68 62 57 64 65 51 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6

Finance and insurance

41 38 37 41 42 27 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

27 24 20 23 23 24 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1

Professional and business services

435 414 442 427 438 357 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.8

Education and health services

127 149 152 145 145 140 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6

Educational services

28 22 27 40 36 35 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.0

Health care and social assistance

99 127 126 104 109 104 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

378 298 237 295 295 248 2.5 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

83 80 91 53 84 52 3.9 3.6 4.1 2.4 3.8 2.3

Accommodation and food services

295 219 146 243 211 195 2.3 1.7 1.1 1.8 1.6 1.5

Other services

62 72 56 66 97 66 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.7 1.2

Government

112 123 122 121 118 128 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6

Federal

12 10 15 8 12 12 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local

99 113 108 113 107 117 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local education

50 61 65 68 73 75 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education

50 52 43 45 34 42 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5

REGION(4)

Northeast

302 324 299 346 326 369 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.4

South

662 601 576 669 569 563 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

Midwest

434 374 407 384 519 346 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.1

West

399 372 422 408 354 367 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

407 368 422 397 380 430 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

341 303 365 332 317 367 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging

2 3 2 4 4 4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5

Construction(3)

20 8 11 13 11 19 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Manufacturing

24 26 22 29 30 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

14 17 13 15 21 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods(3)

10 8 9 14 9 9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

102 89 102 113 101 105 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Wholesale trade

18 14 8 9 13 12 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

64 68 69 94 73 78 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

20 8 24 10 15 16 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3

Information(3)

6 7 16 11 9 16 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6

Financial activities

26 19 47 25 29 31 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4

Finance and insurance

18 17 36 22 21 22 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

8 2 11 3 8 9 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.4

Professional and business services

82 66 61 68 59 66 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

50 44 61 29 26 47 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Educational services(3)

3 4 3 2 2 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance(3)

47 40 58 27 24 44 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

19 34 34 32 32 45 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)

2 2 3 2 4 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services(3)

17 32 32 30 29 42 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Other services(3)

10 7 8 8 15 7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Government

66 65 56 65 62 63 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

12 17 14 18 13 14 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.5

State and local

54 48 43 47 49 49 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local education

25 25 22 22 24 25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

29 23 20 24 25 24 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

69 86 75 46 72 70 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

South

160 125 151 163 157 179 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest

98 75 77 72 84 95 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

West

81 82 119 116 67 86 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

5,862 5,641 6,077 4.0 3.8 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,373 5,166 5,589 4.3 4.1 4.4

Mining and logging

15 9 16 1.7 1.3 2.2

Construction

170 215 200 2.6 3.3 3.0

Manufacturing

337 337 415 2.7 2.7 3.3

Durable goods

215 167 213 2.7 2.1 2.7

Nondurable goods

122 170 202 2.6 3.6 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

993 976 1,135 3.6 3.5 4.0

Wholesale trade

181 189 254 3.0 3.1 4.1

Retail trade

552 606 642 3.5 3.7 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

259 181 239 4.6 3.3 4.3

Information

116 75 102 4.1 2.6 3.5

Financial activities

417 315 412 4.9 3.7 4.8

Finance and insurance

316 247 302 5.0 3.9 4.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

100 69 110 4.6 3.2 5.0

Professional and business services

1,183 1,131 932 5.7 5.4 4.4

Education and health services

1,117 1,009 1,201 4.8 4.3 5.0

Educational services

103 85 109 2.8 2.3 2.9

Health care and social assistance

1,014 924 1,092 5.2 4.6 5.4

Leisure and hospitality

836 828 877 5.3 5.2 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

92 98 89 4.2 4.5 4.0

Accommodation and food services

744 730 788 5.5 5.3 5.6

Other services

189 269 299 3.3 4.5 5.0

Government

489 475 487 2.1 2.1 2.1

Federal

78 90 86 2.8 3.2 3.0

State and local

411 385 401 2.0 1.9 2.0

State and local education

131 126 132 1.2 1.2 1.2

State and local, excluding education

280 259 269 3.0 2.8 2.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

943 874 943 3.5 3.2 3.4

South

2,227 2,151 2,277 4.2 4.0 4.2

Midwest

1,278 1,318 1,383 3.9 4.0 4.1

West

1,413 1,299 1,474 4.2 3.8 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

5,531 4,994 5,483 3.9 3.5 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,257 4,708 5,212 4.4 3.9 4.3

Mining and logging

30 26 27 3.6 3.7 3.9

Construction

442 350 456 7.0 5.5 6.9

Manufacturing

267 244 287 2.2 2.0 2.3

Durable goods

156 145 169 2.0 1.9 2.2

Nondurable goods

111 99 119 2.5 2.2 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,067 1,052 1,027 4.0 3.9 3.8

Wholesale trade

147 169 176 2.5 2.9 3.0

Retail trade

736 750 709 4.8 4.8 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

184 133 141 3.5 2.5 2.6

Information

81 62 84 2.9 2.2 3.0

Financial activities

233 199 220 2.9 2.4 2.7

Finance and insurance

152 120 133 2.5 2.0 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

81 79 87 3.9 3.8 4.2

Professional and business services

1,226 1,031 1,186 6.3 5.2 5.9

Education and health services

592 535 597 2.7 2.4 2.6

Educational services

48 52 64 1.3 1.4 1.7

Health care and social assistance

544 483 533 2.9 2.5 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

1,116 1,004 1,119 7.5 6.7 7.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

202 151 165 9.7 7.3 7.6

Accommodation and food services

914 853 954 7.1 6.6 7.2

Other services

205 204 209 3.7 3.6 3.7

Government

274 286 270 1.2 1.3 1.2

Federal

39 39 31 1.4 1.4 1.1

State and local

235 247 239 1.2 1.3 1.2

State and local education

76 99 85 0.7 0.9 0.8

State and local, excluding education

159 148 154 1.8 1.6 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

846 763 887 3.2 2.9 3.3

South

2,114 1,973 2,107 4.1 3.8 4.0

Midwest

1,388 1,207 1,244 4.4 3.8 3.9

West

1,183 1,050 1,245 3.7 3.2 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

4,813 4,446 4,846 3.4 3.1 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,583 4,206 4,599 3.9 3.5 3.8

Mining and logging

41 39 33 4.9 5.6 4.8

Construction

274 280 305 4.4 4.4 4.7

Manufacturing

257 267 275 2.1 2.2 2.2

Durable goods

155 161 160 2.0 2.1 2.1

Nondurable goods

102 105 115 2.3 2.3 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,000 915 987 3.8 3.4 3.6

Wholesale trade

133 144 158 2.3 2.4 2.7

Retail trade

704 635 688 4.6 4.0 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

163 137 141 3.1 2.5 2.6

Information

69 62 83 2.5 2.2 3.0

Financial activities

227 182 197 2.8 2.2 2.4

Finance and insurance

153 112 124 2.6 1.8 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

74 70 73 3.6 3.3 3.5

Professional and business services

1,106 970 1,073 5.7 4.9 5.3

Education and health services

518 498 550 2.3 2.2 2.4

Educational services

49 46 54 1.4 1.3 1.5

Health care and social assistance

469 452 495 2.5 2.4 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

915 811 902 6.1 5.4 5.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

154 113 130 7.4 5.5 6.0

Accommodation and food services

761 699 773 5.9 5.4 5.9

Other services

176 183 194 3.1 3.2 3.4

Government

230 241 247 1.0 1.1 1.1

Federal

32 34 35 1.2 1.2 1.3

State and local

198 207 212 1.0 1.0 1.1

State and local education

77 92 94 0.7 0.9 0.9

State and local, excluding education

121 115 118 1.4 1.3 1.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

722 650 741 2.8 2.5 2.8

South

1,979 1,695 1,955 3.9 3.3 3.7

Midwest

1,059 1,110 1,030 3.4 3.5 3.2

West

1,052 991 1,119 3.3 3.1 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

2,734 2,651 2,938 1.9 1.9 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,615 2,520 2,805 2.2 2.1 2.3

Mining and logging

14 13 10 1.6 1.9 1.4

Construction

124 135 116 2.0 2.1 1.8

Manufacturing

147 135 144 1.2 1.1 1.2

Durable goods

87 77 82 1.1 1.0 1.1

Nondurable goods

61 58 62 1.3 1.3 1.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

627 594 630 2.4 2.2 2.3

Wholesale trade

87 88 89 1.5 1.5 1.5

Retail trade

452 434 454 2.9 2.8 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

88 72 87 1.7 1.3 1.6

Information

42 32 39 1.5 1.1 1.4

Financial activities

121 96 107 1.5 1.2 1.3

Finance and insurance

82 51 67 1.4 0.8 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

39 45 39 1.9 2.2 1.9

Professional and business services

529 499 611 2.7 2.5 3.0

Education and health services

355 355 385 1.6 1.6 1.7

Educational services

30 25 30 0.8 0.7 0.8

Health care and social assistance

325 331 355 1.8 1.7 1.9

Leisure and hospitality

545 560 636 3.7 3.7 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

42 43 63 2.0 2.1 2.9

Accommodation and food services

503 517 573 3.9 4.0 4.3

Other services

110 101 128 2.0 1.8 2.3

Government

119 131 133 0.5 0.6 0.6

Federal

10 13 13 0.4 0.5 0.5

State and local

109 118 119 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local education

43 47 47 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding education

66 71 73 0.7 0.8 0.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

386 345 339 1.5 1.3 1.3

South

1,184 1,064 1,261 2.3 2.0 2.4

Midwest

575 602 635 1.8 1.9 2.0

West

589 640 703 1.8 2.0 2.1

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

1,697 1,461 1,500 1.2 1.0 1.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,634 1,396 1,430 1.4 1.2 1.2

Mining and logging

25 21 19 3.0 2.9 2.8

Construction

131 133 171 2.1 2.1 2.6

Manufacturing

85 101 104 0.7 0.8 0.8

Durable goods

53 63 59 0.7 0.8 0.8

Nondurable goods

31 38 44 0.7 0.8 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

277 241 257 1.0 0.9 1.0

Wholesale trade

30 44 55 0.5 0.8 0.9

Retail trade

193 147 164 1.3 0.9 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

54 50 38 1.0 0.9 0.7

Information

21 21 27 0.8 0.7 1.0

Financial activities

77 64 56 1.0 0.8 0.7

Finance and insurance

50 47 31 0.8 0.8 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

27 16 25 1.3 0.8 1.2

Professional and business services

500 413 399 2.6 2.1 2.0

Education and health services

113 117 117 0.5 0.5 0.5

Educational services

16 19 21 0.5 0.5 0.6

Health care and social assistance

97 97 96 0.5 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

350 219 222 2.3 1.5 1.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

110 66 64 5.2 3.2 3.0

Accommodation and food services

241 153 158 1.9 1.2 1.2

Other services

56 67 59 1.0 1.2 1.0

Government

63 65 70 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

11 11 10 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

52 54 59 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education

22 33 34 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

30 21 25 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

272 239 336 1.0 0.9 1.3

South

650 505 529 1.3 1.0 1.0

Midwest

393 433 304 1.2 1.4 0.9

West

382 283 331 1.2 0.9 1.0

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)
Apr.
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016(p)

Total

381 335 408 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

334 290 364 0.3 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging

2 5 4 0.2 0.7 0.6

Construction

20 11 19 0.3 0.2 0.3

Manufacturing

25 31 28 0.2 0.3 0.2

Durable goods

15 21 19 0.2 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods

10 9 9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

95 81 100 0.4 0.3 0.4

Wholesale trade

16 12 14 0.3 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

59 54 70 0.4 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

20 15 16 0.4 0.3 0.3

Information

6 9 16 0.2 0.3 0.6

Financial activities

30 22 34 0.4 0.3 0.4

Finance and insurance

22 14 25 0.4 0.2 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

8 8 9 0.4 0.4 0.4

Professional and business services

77 58 64 0.4 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

50 26 47 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services

3 2 3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance

47 24 44 0.3 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

19 32 45 0.1 0.2 0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2 4 3 0.1 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services

17 29 42 0.1 0.2 0.3

Other services

10 15 7 0.2 0.3 0.1

Government

48 44 45 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal

10 10 12 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

37 35 33 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education

12 12 13 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education

25 23 20 0.3 0.3 0.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

65 66 66 0.2 0.2 0.2

South

145 126 166 0.3 0.2 0.3

Midwest

90 74 91 0.3 0.2 0.3

West

81 69 86 0.3 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: June 08, 2016