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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, July 8, 2014	USDL-14-1285

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                    JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MAY 2014

There were 4.6 million job openings on the last business day of May, little changed from 4.5 million in 
April, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.4 percent) and separations 
rate (3.2 percent) were essentially unchanged in May. Within separations, the quits rate (1.8 percent) 
was unchanged and the layoffs and discharges rate (1.1 percent) was little changed. This release includes 
estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by 
industry and by four geographic regions. 

Job Openings

There were 4.6 million job openings in May, little changed from 4.5 million in April. The number of job 
openings was also little changed for total private and government. The job openings level increased for 
nondurable manufacturing and for health care and social assistance in May, while it decreased for retail 
trade and for arts, entertainment, and recreation. The number of job openings was little changed in all 
four regions in May. (See table 1.)

Over the 12 months ending in May, the number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) rose for total 
nonfarm, total private, and government. Over the year, the job openings level increased in nearly half of 
the industries and in all four regions. (See table 7.)

Hires

There were 4.7 million hires in May, little changed from April. The number of hires was little changed 
for total private and government, and in all industries and regions. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in May, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for 
total nonfarm, total private, and government. The hires level increased over the year in mining and 
logging and in retail trade, but decreased in finance and insurance. The number of hires was little 
changed in all four regions. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.5 million total separations in May, little changed from April. The number of total 
separations was little changed for total private and government. (See table 3.)

The quits rate was unchanged at 1.8 percent in May. The rate also was essentially unchanged for total 
private (2.1 percent) and unchanged for government (0.6 percent). The quits rate was little changed over 
the month in all industries and in all four regions. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in May for total 
nonfarm and total private and was little changed for government. The number of quits increased over the 
year in wholesale trade, retail trade, and in accommodation and food services while decreasing in 
finance and insurance. In the regions, the number of quits rose over the year in the Midwest and South. 
(See table 10.)

The layoffs and discharges rate was little changed in May at 1.1 percent. The rate was little changed 
over the month for total private (1.3 percent) and unchanged for government (0.4 percent). The layoffs 
and discharges rate was essentially unchanged in all four regions. Seasonally adjusted estimates of 
layoffs and discharges are not available for individual industries. (See table 5.) 

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending 
in May for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and discharges increased 
over the year in mining and logging and decreased in federal government. The number of layoffs and 
discharges fell in the Midwest over the year. (See table 11.)

In May, there were 392,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from April. The number 
of other separations for total private was little changed over the month at 319,000 and rose to 73,000 for 
government. (See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available for 
individual industries or regions. Over the 12 months ending in May, the number of other separations (not 
seasonally adjusted) was little changed for total nonfarm and total private, and was up for government. 
(See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in May 2014, hires totaled 55.3 million 
and separations totaled 53.0 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.3 million. These figures 
include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for June 2014 are scheduled to be released 
on Tuesday, August 12, 2014 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)

Total

3,879 4,464 4,635 4,541 4,770 4,718 4,401 4,550 4,495

Total private(1)

3,495 4,043 4,212 4,268 4,477 4,428 4,103 4,269 4,205

Construction

107 92 130 331 286 312 316 259 280

Manufacturing

236 275 292 247 238 240 256 236 230

Durable goods

150 179 176 149 145 150 155 143 134

Nondurable goods

86 95 116 97 94 90 101 93 96

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

748 877 784 904 1,074 1,062 880 1,026 1,015

Retail trade

485 570 460 637 764 748 613 744 721

Professional and business services

676 857 919 916 1,010 967 847 970 917

Education and health services(3)

694 726 815 558 575 534 557 531 481

Health care and social assistance

633 658 736 482 499 463 485 468 411

Leisure and hospitality

495 677 703 795 847 835 753 817 806

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

60 88 59 122 155 133 110 150 124

Accommodation and food services

435 589 644 673 692 702 643 666 682

Government(4)

384 421 423 272 293 290 298 281 289

State and local

334 362 368 250 264 261 255 248 257

RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)

Total

2.8 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2

Total private(1)

3.0 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.6

Construction

1.8 1.5 2.1 5.7 4.8 5.2 5.4 4.3 4.7

Manufacturing

1.9 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9

Durable goods

2.0 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8

Nondurable goods

1.9 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.1 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

2.8 3.2 2.9 3.5 4.1 4.0 3.4 3.9 3.9

Retail trade

3.1 3.6 2.9 4.2 5.0 4.9 4.1 4.9 4.7

Professional and business services

3.5 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.1 4.6 5.1 4.8

Education and health services(3)

3.2 3.3 3.7 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.2

Health care and social assistance

3.4 3.5 3.9 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.3

Leisure and hospitality

3.4 4.4 4.6 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2.9 4.1 2.7 6.0 7.4 6.4 5.4 7.2 5.9

Accommodation and food services

3.4 4.5 4.9 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.3 5.3 5.5

Government(4)

1.7 1.9 1.9 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3

State and local

1.7 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(2) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(3) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(4) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

3,879 3,874 4,125 4,166 4,464 4,635 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

3,495 3,477 3,736 3,758 4,043 4,212 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.5

Construction

107 124 127 116 92 130 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.5 2.1

Manufacturing

236 259 258 264 275 292 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.4

Durable goods

150 155 151 165 179 176 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.2

Nondurable goods

86 103 106 99 95 116 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

748 675 757 761 877 784 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.8 3.2 2.9

Retail trade

485 379 477 488 570 460 3.1 2.4 3.0 3.1 3.6 2.9

Professional and business services

676 614 817 787 857 919 3.5 3.1 4.1 4.0 4.3 4.6

Education and health services(6)

694 700 687 725 726 815 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.7

Health care and social assistance

633 631 618 658 658 736 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.9

Leisure and hospitality

495 618 578 627 677 703 3.4 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

60 110 68 64 88 59 2.9 5.0 3.1 3.0 4.1 2.7

Accommodation and food services

435 508 511 563 589 644 3.4 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.9

Government(7)

384 396 388 407 421 423 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9

State and local

334 345 338 347 362 368 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9

REGION(8)

Northeast

663 666 694 688 769 828 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.1

South

1,507 1,440 1,569 1,599 1,614 1,699 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.3

Midwest

884 846 910 943 1,047 1,057 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.3

West

825 921 952 935 1,034 1,051 2.6 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

4,541 4,516 4,699 4,706 4,770 4,718 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,268 4,228 4,401 4,398 4,477 4,428 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8

Construction

331 281 289 257 286 312 5.7 4.7 4.9 4.3 4.8 5.2

Manufacturing

247 244 234 248 238 240 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.0

Durable goods

149 138 137 144 145 150 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods

97 106 96 105 94 90 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

904 921 1,027 1,023 1,074 1,062 3.5 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.0

Retail trade

637 607 722 716 764 748 4.2 4.0 4.7 4.7 5.0 4.9

Professional and business services

916 980 1,015 1,017 1,010 967 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1

Education and health services(6)

558 556 527 569 575 534 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.5

Health care and social assistance

482 475 448 485 499 463 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

795 789 841 811 847 835 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

122 117 135 122 155 133 6.0 5.6 6.5 5.9 7.4 6.4

Accommodation and food services

673 672 706 689 692 702 5.5 5.4 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.6

Government(7)

272 288 298 307 293 290 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3

State and local

250 262 270 277 264 261 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

REGION(8)

Northeast

749 684 697 723 754 721 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.8

South

1,729 1,849 1,846 1,847 1,814 1,852 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7

Midwest

1,065 944 1,040 1,038 1,137 1,130 3.5 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.6

West

997 1,039 1,118 1,098 1,066 1,015 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

4,401 4,419 4,459 4,491 4,550 4,495 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,103 4,113 4,168 4,180 4,269 4,205 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6

Construction

316 241 254 245 259 280 5.4 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.7

Manufacturing

256 242 224 243 236 230 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9

Durable goods

155 138 126 129 143 134 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8

Nondurable goods

101 104 98 114 93 96 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

880 947 962 989 1,026 1,015 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9

Retail trade

613 655 681 697 744 721 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.9 4.7

Professional and business services

847 940 962 924 970 917 4.6 5.0 5.1 4.9 5.1 4.8

Education and health services(6)

557 561 490 542 531 481 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.2

Health care and social assistance

485 471 417 458 468 411 2.7 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.3

Leisure and hospitality

753 763 812 778 817 806 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

110 106 131 124 150 124 5.4 5.1 6.3 6.0 7.2 5.9

Accommodation and food services

643 657 681 653 666 682 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.5

Government(7)

298 306 290 311 281 289 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3

State and local

255 261 256 275 248 257 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3

REGION(8)

Northeast

728 745 699 653 733 708 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.7

South

1,684 1,695 1,755 1,787 1,739 1,729 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.4

Midwest

1,004 990 969 1,008 1,015 990 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.2

West

984 989 1,035 1,043 1,062 1,068 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

2,198 2,368 2,475 2,461 2,467 2,527 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

2,063 2,240 2,341 2,330 2,331 2,395 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1

Construction

100 96 91 87 114 123 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.9 2.1

Manufacturing

117 118 114 125 111 118 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0

Durable goods

66 61 60 66 61 70 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9

Nondurable goods

51 56 54 59 50 48 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

445 539 556 578 565 615 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.3

Retail trade

322 421 419 432 422 455 2.1 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0

Professional and business services

409 474 486 511 487 475 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.5

Education and health services(6)

283 305 304 275 305 300 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance

247 269 265 240 270 263 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

457 485 538 510 515 520 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

40 42 47 52 46 50 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.4

Accommodation and food services

417 443 491 458 469 470 3.4 3.6 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.8

Government(7)

135 129 134 131 136 132 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local

123 118 124 120 125 121 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6

REGION(8)

Northeast

322 328 341 320 341 360 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4

South

908 978 1,056 1,018 985 1,025 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0

Midwest

502 541 542 562 573 604 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9

West

466 522 536 561 568 539 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

1,783 1,703 1,596 1,638 1,701 1,575 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

1,683 1,596 1,506 1,532 1,615 1,491 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

101 106 90 106 86 84 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

334 335 289 275 309 271 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0

South

620 596 564 598 624 546 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1

Midwest

416 376 342 358 354 290 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9

West

414 395 401 406 414 468 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

420 348 388 392 382 392 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

358 277 321 318 323 319 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

62 71 66 73 59 73 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

- - - - - - - - - - - -

South

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Midwest

- - - - - - - - - - - -

West

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

3,885 4,938 4,694 2.8 3.4 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,483 4,499 4,249 3.0 3.7 3.5

Mining and logging

24 29 28 2.7 3.1 3.0

Construction

118 122 146 2.0 2.0 2.4

Manufacturing

241 295 301 2.0 2.4 2.4

Durable goods

153 198 180 2.0 2.5 2.3

Nondurable goods

89 97 122 2.0 2.1 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

746 910 787 2.8 3.4 2.9

Wholesale trade

126 175 163 2.1 2.9 2.7

Retail trade

487 577 461 3.2 3.7 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

133 157 164 2.6 3.0 3.1

Information

86 121 102 3.1 4.4 3.7

Financial activities

278 320 301 3.4 3.9 3.7

Finance and insurance

211 271 243 3.5 4.4 4.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

67 49 58 3.2 2.3 2.8

Professional and business services

638 943 898 3.3 4.7 4.5

Education and health services

690 783 826 3.2 3.5 3.7

Educational services

62 75 80 1.8 2.1 2.3

Health care and social assistance

628 707 746 3.4 3.8 4.0

Leisure and hospitality

518 810 730 3.5 5.3 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

78 124 71 3.6 5.7 3.2

Accommodation and food services

440 686 660 3.4 5.2 4.9

Other services

144 168 129 2.6 3.0 2.3

Government

403 439 445 1.8 1.9 2.0

Federal

51 66 56 1.8 2.4 2.0

State and local

352 373 389 1.8 1.9 2.0

REGION(3)

Northeast

675 846 845 2.6 3.2 3.1

South

1,506 1,830 1,718 2.9 3.5 3.3

Midwest

873 1,123 1,066 2.8 3.5 3.3

West

831 1,139 1,065 2.6 3.6 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

5,131 5,254 5,329 3.8 3.8 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,829 5,029 5,005 4.2 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging

32 46 40 3.7 5.1 4.4

Construction

417 380 405 7.1 6.5 6.7

Manufacturing

284 257 278 2.4 2.1 2.3

Durable goods

171 162 176 2.3 2.1 2.3

Nondurable goods

113 95 102 2.5 2.1 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

957 1,137 1,128 3.7 4.4 4.3

Wholesale trade

116 170 150 2.0 2.9 2.6

Retail trade

687 807 812 4.6 5.3 5.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

154 159 165 3.1 3.1 3.2

Information

77 73 72 2.8 2.8 2.7

Financial activities

239 194 212 3.0 2.5 2.7

Finance and insurance

164 114 124 2.8 1.9 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

75 81 88 3.7 4.0 4.3

Professional and business services

1,002 1,171 1,046 5.4 6.1 5.5

Education and health services

557 564 517 2.6 2.6 2.4

Educational services

51 48 46 1.5 1.3 1.3

Health care and social assistance

506 516 471 2.9 2.9 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

1,017 1,038 1,079 7.0 7.2 7.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

186 215 203 8.9 10.6 9.4

Accommodation and food services

831 822 876 6.7 6.6 6.9

Other services

247 170 227 4.5 3.1 4.1

Government

302 225 324 1.4 1.0 1.5

Federal

30 29 37 1.1 1.1 1.4

State and local

272 196 287 1.4 1.0 1.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

857 848 830 3.3 3.3 3.2

South

1,889 1,973 2,015 3.8 3.9 4.0

Midwest

1,280 1,297 1,377 4.1 4.2 4.4

West

1,105 1,136 1,108 3.6 3.7 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

4,304 4,476 4,445 3.1 3.2 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,964 4,276 4,105 3.5 3.7 3.5

Mining and logging

20 28 33 2.3 3.2 3.6

Construction

283 243 267 4.8 4.1 4.4

Manufacturing

258 232 233 2.2 1.9 1.9

Durable goods

154 141 137 2.0 1.9 1.8

Nondurable goods

104 91 97 2.3 2.0 2.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

812 983 961 3.2 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade

100 127 127 1.7 2.2 2.2

Retail trade

577 714 701 3.9 4.7 4.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

134 141 133 2.7 2.8 2.6

Information

75 69 70 2.8 2.6 2.6

Financial activities

193 185 176 2.5 2.3 2.2

Finance and insurance

135 121 105 2.3 2.1 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

58 65 70 2.9 3.2 3.4

Professional and business services

852 1,026 906 4.6 5.4 4.7

Education and health services

562 540 490 2.7 2.5 2.3

Educational services

84 46 80 2.5 1.3 2.3

Health care and social assistance

478 495 409 2.7 2.8 2.3

Leisure and hospitality

707 819 773 4.9 5.7 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

90 165 102 4.3 8.1 4.7

Accommodation and food services

618 654 671 5.0 5.3 5.3

Other services

202 151 196 3.7 2.7 3.5

Government

340 199 340 1.5 0.9 1.5

Federal

39 28 30 1.4 1.0 1.1

State and local

300 171 310 1.5 0.9 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

650 720 649 2.5 2.8 2.5

South

1,730 1,758 1,787 3.5 3.5 3.5

Midwest

964 948 963 3.1 3.0 3.1

West

960 1,051 1,046 3.1 3.4 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

2,245 2,503 2,581 1.6 1.8 1.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,085 2,393 2,424 1.8 2.1 2.1

Mining and logging

12 17 15 1.4 1.9 1.7

Construction

103 117 134 1.8 2.0 2.2

Manufacturing

126 114 127 1.0 0.9 1.1

Durable goods

69 64 76 0.9 0.8 1.0

Nondurable goods

56 50 51 1.3 1.1 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

439 579 611 1.7 2.2 2.3

Wholesale trade

49 72 86 0.9 1.2 1.5

Retail trade

325 426 459 2.2 2.8 3.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

65 81 66 1.3 1.6 1.3

Information

38 37 46 1.4 1.4 1.7

Financial activities

105 86 83 1.3 1.1 1.1

Finance and insurance

76 51 54 1.3 0.9 0.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

29 35 30 1.4 1.7 1.4

Professional and business services

426 489 484 2.3 2.6 2.5

Education and health services

283 314 298 1.3 1.5 1.4

Educational services

36 30 38 1.1 0.8 1.1

Health care and social assistance

246 285 260 1.4 1.6 1.4

Leisure and hospitality

449 538 516 3.1 3.7 3.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

39 41 48 1.8 2.0 2.2

Accommodation and food services

410 497 468 3.3 4.0 3.7

Other services

105 100 110 1.9 1.8 2.0

Government

160 111 157 0.7 0.5 0.7

Federal

12 10 11 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

148 100 146 0.8 0.5 0.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

321 346 363 1.2 1.3 1.4

South

940 1,028 1,057 1.9 2.0 2.1

Midwest

497 557 609 1.6 1.8 1.9

West

487 572 552 1.6 1.8 1.8

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

1,661 1,610 1,470 1.2 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,548 1,562 1,368 1.4 1.3 1.2

Mining and logging

7 9 14 0.9 1.0 1.6

Construction

166 121 125 2.8 2.1 2.1

Manufacturing

102 94 82 0.8 0.8 0.7

Durable goods

68 63 47 0.9 0.8 0.6

Nondurable goods

34 31 35 0.8 0.7 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

292 305 253 1.1 1.2 1.0

Wholesale trade

45 45 35 0.8 0.8 0.6

Retail trade

198 215 165 1.3 1.4 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

49 45 53 1.0 0.9 1.0

Information

31 26 19 1.1 1.0 0.7

Financial activities

54 65 52 0.7 0.8 0.7

Finance and insurance

31 40 16 0.5 0.7 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

23 25 36 1.1 1.2 1.7

Professional and business services

399 476 374 2.2 2.5 2.0

Education and health services

189 174 160 0.9 0.8 0.7

Educational services

40 13 37 1.2 0.4 1.1

Health care and social assistance

149 161 123 0.8 0.9 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

218 257 222 1.5 1.8 1.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

48 123 51 2.3 6.1 2.3

Accommodation and food services

170 133 171 1.4 1.1 1.3

Other services

90 35 66 1.6 0.6 1.2

Government

113 48 103 0.5 0.2 0.5

Federal

12 9 7 0.4 0.3 0.2

State and local

101 39 96 0.5 0.2 0.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

269 292 221 1.0 1.1 0.8

South

642 608 563 1.3 1.2 1.1

Midwest

387 310 260 1.3 1.0 0.8

West

363 400 426 1.2 1.3 1.4

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)
May
2013
Apr.
2014
May
2014(p)

Total

397 362 394 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

331 322 313 0.3 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging

1 3 3 0.1 0.3 0.3

Construction

14 5 7 0.2 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing

31 23 24 0.3 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

17 14 14 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

14 9 10 0.3 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

80 99 97 0.3 0.4 0.4

Wholesale trade

6 10 6 0.1 0.2 0.1

Retail trade

54 74 77 0.4 0.5 0.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

20 15 14 0.4 0.3 0.3

Information

6 6 6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Financial activities

35 34 40 0.4 0.4 0.5

Finance and insurance

28 29 35 0.5 0.5 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

7 4 5 0.3 0.2 0.2

Professional and business services

27 61 48 0.1 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

90 51 32 0.4 0.2 0.2

Educational services

7 2 6 0.2 0.1 0.2

Health care and social assistance

83 49 27 0.5 0.3 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

40 25 36 0.3 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3 1 3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Accommodation and food services

37 23 32 0.3 0.2 0.3

Other services

7 16 20 0.1 0.3 0.4

Government

66 40 80 0.3 0.2 0.4

Federal

15 9 12 0.5 0.3 0.4

State and local

51 32 68 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

60 81 66 0.2 0.3 0.3

South

147 122 167 0.3 0.2 0.3

Midwest

80 81 94 0.3 0.3 0.3

West

109 78 67 0.4 0.3 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: July 08, 2014