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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

 	
For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, July 9, 2013	USDL-13-1311

Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:   	(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


                    JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MAY 2013

There were 3.8 million job openings on the last business day of May, little changed from April, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.3 percent) and separations rate (3.2 percent) 
also were little changed in May. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 
hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region.
  
Job Openings

The number of job openings in May was 3.8 million, little changed from April. (See table 1.) The number 
of job openings was little changed over the month in most industries but rose in retail trade and fell in 
professional and business services. The number of job openings rose in the Midwest but was essentially 
unchanged in the other three regions.

The number of job openings in May (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the year for total 
nonfarm, total private, and government. Several industries experienced an increase in job openings over 
the year, including retail trade; transportation, warehousing, and utilities; and finance and insurance. 
Industries experiencing a decrease in openings over the year were durable goods manufacturing and 
professional and business services. In the Midwest region, the number of job openings rose over the year. 
(See table 7.)

Hires

In May, there were 4.4 million hires; the hires rate was 3.3 percent. The hires rate was little changed in all 
industries and regions over the month. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in May, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for 
total nonfarm, total private, government, and in all four regions. The number of hires was little changed 
over the year for most industries. The number of hires fell in mining and logging but rose in 
accommodation and food services. (See table 8.)

Separations

There were 4.3 million total separations in the month of May; essentially the same number as in April. 
The separations rate was 3.2 percent.

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations also is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

In May, the quits rate remained at 1.6 percent for total nonfarm and at 1.8 percent for total private. The 
rate for government was little changed at 0.6 percent. The quits rate also was little changed over the 
month for all industries and regions. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending in May for 
total nonfarm, total private, government, and in all four regions. Quits increased over the year for the 
educational services industry. (See table 10.)

The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is seasonally adjusted at the total nonfarm, 
total private, and government levels, and by region. The layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged in 
May at 1.3 percent. The rate also was unchanged for total private (1.4 percent) and government (0.4 
percent). The rate was little changed over the month in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending 
in May for total nonfarm and total private but fell for government. Over the year, the number of layoffs 
and discharges fell in professional and business services, educational services, and state and local 
government. In the South region, the number of layoffs and discharges decreased. (See table 11.)

In May, there were 382,000 other separations for total nonfarm, essentially unchanged from the previous 
month. The number of other separations also was essentially unchanged over the month for total private 
and government. (See table 6.) Over the 12 months ending in May, the number of other separations also 
was little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in May 2013, hires totaled 51.9 million 
and separations totaled 50.1 million, yielding a net employment gain of 1.8 million. These figures include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

____________	
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for June 2013 are scheduled to be released 
on Tuesday, August 6, 2013 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)

Total

3,774 3,800 3,828 4,526 4,395 4,441 4,447 4,287 4,323

Total private(1)

3,361 3,400 3,424 4,231 4,100 4,155 4,123 3,987 4,036

Construction

70 99 103 321 283 307 349 300 299

Manufacturing

302 243 236 261 222 236 248 224 247

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

608 715 806 882 868 893 849 857 886

Retail trade

364 455 537 589 598 625 594 604 619

Professional and business services

746 731 628 968 912 870 964 858 834

Education and health services(3)

701 662 645 541 544 527 480 518 517

Health care and social assistance

640 600 581 463 465 449 410 445 448

Leisure and hospitality

441 468 448 748 809 807 749 779 754

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

52 57 57 128 123 115 131 120 105

Accommodation and food services

389 410 391 621 686 692 618 659 649

Government(4)

414 401 405 296 295 287 324 300 287

State and local

346 330 341 265 262 258 292 256 250

RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)

Total

2.7 2.7 2.7 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2

Total private(1)

2.9 2.9 2.9 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.5

Construction

1.2 1.7 1.7 5.7 4.9 5.3 6.2 5.2 5.1

Manufacturing

2.5 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.9 2.0 2.1 1.9 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

2.3 2.7 3.0 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4

Retail trade

2.4 2.9 3.4 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.1

Professional and business services

4.0 3.8 3.3 5.4 5.0 4.7 5.4 4.7 4.5

Education and health services(3)

3.3 3.1 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance

3.6 3.4 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

3.1 3.2 3.1 5.5 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2.6 2.8 2.7 6.5 6.1 5.7 6.7 6.0 5.2

Accommodation and food services

3.2 3.3 3.1 5.3 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.5 5.4

Government(4)

1.9 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3

State and local

1.8 1.7 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(2) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(3) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(4) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

3,774 3,611 3,899 3,875 3,800 3,828 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

3,361 3,194 3,478 3,473 3,400 3,424 2.9 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9

Construction

70 104 116 108 99 103 1.2 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7

Manufacturing

302 253 274 271 243 236 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

608 645 644 669 715 806 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.7 3.0

Retail trade

364 390 396 424 455 537 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.4

Professional and business services

746 690 709 692 731 628 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.3

Education and health services(6)

701 579 672 687 662 645 3.3 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0

Health care and social assistance

640 524 612 621 600 581 3.6 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3

Leisure and hospitality

441 453 488 500 468 448 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

52 52 52 64 57 57 2.6 2.6 2.5 3.1 2.8 2.7

Accommodation and food services

389 401 437 436 410 391 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1

Government(7)

414 417 421 402 401 405 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8

State and local

346 340 357 344 330 341 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8

REGION(8)

Northeast

710 668 700 699 638 655 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.5

South

1,493 1,441 1,547 1,501 1,525 1,498 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.0

Midwest

788 723 831 825 805 886 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.8

West

783 778 821 850 831 789 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.6

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

4,526 4,298 4,451 4,227 4,395 4,441 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,231 4,015 4,138 3,931 4,100 4,155 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.7

Construction

321 326 353 320 283 307 5.7 5.7 6.1 5.5 4.9 5.3

Manufacturing

261 219 231 201 222 236 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

882 868 936 821 868 893 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.5

Retail trade

589 586 651 562 598 625 4.0 3.9 4.3 3.7 4.0 4.1

Professional and business services

968 878 845 831 912 870 5.4 4.8 4.6 4.5 5.0 4.7

Education and health services(6)

541 507 499 520 544 527 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6

Health care and social assistance

463 443 437 443 465 449 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

748 747 762 776 809 807 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.8 5.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

128 104 116 123 123 115 6.5 5.2 5.8 6.1 6.1 5.7

Accommodation and food services

621 643 646 653 686 692 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.7 5.7

Government(7)

296 283 313 295 295 287 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local

265 249 266 264 262 258 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

REGION(8)

Northeast

708 675 716 722 742 720 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.8

South

1,855 1,787 1,843 1,640 1,720 1,750 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.3 3.5 3.5

Midwest

979 906 848 907 952 1,027 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3

West

984 930 1,044 959 981 945 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

4,447 4,173 4,180 4,123 4,287 4,323 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,123 3,872 3,884 3,819 3,987 4,036 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5

Construction

349 315 322 316 300 299 6.2 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.1

Manufacturing

248 215 225 203 224 247 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

849 854 863 820 857 886 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.4

Retail trade

594 580 583 557 604 619 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.1

Professional and business services

964 845 770 780 858 834 5.4 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.7 4.5

Education and health services(6)

480 486 482 482 518 517 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance

410 417 413 416 445 448 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

749 715 730 738 779 754 5.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

131 101 103 108 120 105 6.7 5.1 5.2 5.4 6.0 5.2

Accommodation and food services

618 614 627 631 659 649 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.4

Government(7)

324 302 296 304 300 287 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local

292 259 251 260 256 250 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3

REGION(8)

Northeast

734 724 682 711 697 704 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7

South

1,758 1,587 1,712 1,599 1,645 1,698 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4

Midwest

1,012 849 874 880 924 987 3.3 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.2

West

943 1,013 911 933 1,021 934 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.1

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

2,151 2,260 2,286 2,099 2,185 2,203 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

2,019 2,128 2,159 1,967 2,040 2,069 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8

Construction

79 134 106 91 98 94 1.4 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6

Manufacturing

113 98 102 94 109 105 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

446 491 501 446 470 450 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.7

Retail trade

324 362 354 318 340 325 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.2

Professional and business services

427 375 385 372 410 403 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.2

Education and health services(6)

263 299 289 281 283 292 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance

234 264 255 255 251 254 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

457 472 491 445 454 467 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

52 47 54 47 42 39 2.7 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.1 1.9

Accommodation and food services

404 426 437 397 412 428 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.5

Government(7)

132 132 127 131 146 134 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

State and local

120 121 116 120 134 124 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

REGION(8)

Northeast

305 352 311 288 308 324 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3

South

889 908 1,034 894 918 945 1.8 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.9

Midwest

503 479 469 473 516 498 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6

West

453 522 472 444 444 436 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

1,955 1,520 1,572 1,686 1,741 1,739 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

1,820 1,430 1,467 1,572 1,645 1,647 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

135 90 104 114 96 91 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

377 284 300 358 324 306 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2

South

748 532 561 584 601 609 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2

Midwest

433 298 334 329 325 416 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3

West

398 406 376 415 491 407 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.4

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Jan.
2013
Feb.
2013
Mar.
2013
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

341 393 323 338 360 382 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

285 314 258 280 302 320 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

56 79 66 58 58 62 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

- - - - - - - - - - - -

South

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Midwest

- - - - - - - - - - - -

West

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

3,771 4,130 3,830 2.7 3.0 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,355 3,719 3,421 2.9 3.2 2.9

Mining and logging

21 22 22 2.4 2.5 2.5

Construction

80 124 118 1.4 2.2 2.0

Manufacturing

315 255 241 2.6 2.1 2.0

Durable goods

215 164 156 2.8 2.1 2.0

Nondurable goods

100 91 86 2.2 2.0 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

590 740 797 2.3 2.8 3.0

Wholesale trade

124 134 114 2.1 2.3 1.9

Retail trade

351 467 529 2.3 3.0 3.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

115 139 154 2.3 2.7 3.0

Information

76 80 94 2.8 2.9 3.3

Financial activities

228 286 292 2.8 3.5 3.6

Finance and insurance

171 228 215 2.9 3.7 3.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

57 58 77 2.8 2.9 3.7

Professional and business services

731 780 610 3.9 4.1 3.2

Education and health services

696 707 639 3.3 3.3 3.0

Educational services

61 69 64 1.8 1.9 1.8

Health care and social assistance

635 638 575 3.6 3.6 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

469 575 471 3.3 3.9 3.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

68 73 73 3.2 3.6 3.4

Accommodation and food services

401 502 399 3.3 4.0 3.1

Other services

148 151 135 2.7 2.7 2.4

Government

415 411 410 1.8 1.8 1.8

Federal

67 77 63 2.3 2.7 2.2

State and local

348 334 347 1.8 1.7 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

715 690 660 2.7 2.6 2.5

South

1,490 1,652 1,497 3.0 3.2 2.9

Midwest

780 889 885 2.5 2.8 2.8

West

786 899 788 2.6 2.9 2.6

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

5,011 4,732 4,964 3.7 3.5 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,691 4,512 4,658 4.2 4.0 4.1

Mining and logging

40 32 30 4.7 3.7 3.4

Construction

397 365 380 7.0 6.4 6.5

Manufacturing

298 234 275 2.5 2.0 2.3

Durable goods

172 153 167 2.3 2.0 2.2

Nondurable goods

125 82 107 2.8 1.8 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

929 907 945 3.7 3.5 3.7

Wholesale trade

127 134 115 2.2 2.3 2.0

Retail trade

632 623 679 4.3 4.2 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

169 151 150 3.4 3.0 3.0

Information

65 65 68 2.4 2.4 2.5

Financial activities

204 195 233 2.6 2.5 3.0

Finance and insurance

136 133 156 2.3 2.3 2.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

67 62 77 3.4 3.1 3.9

Professional and business services

1,068 1,030 962 6.0 5.6 5.2

Education and health services

513 526 505 2.5 2.5 2.4

Educational services

53 52 55 1.6 1.5 1.6

Health care and social assistance

460 473 450 2.7 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

942 961 1,021 6.8 6.9 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

201 166 180 9.9 8.5 8.6

Accommodation and food services

741 795 841 6.2 6.6 6.9

Other services

237 196 240 4.3 3.6 4.4

Government

320 221 306 1.4 1.0 1.4

Federal

40 29 35 1.4 1.1 1.3

State and local

279 192 271 1.4 1.0 1.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

801 801 823 3.1 3.1 3.2

South

1,951 1,848 1,862 4.0 3.8 3.8

Midwest

1,166 1,060 1,240 3.8 3.4 4.0

West

1,092 1,024 1,038 3.7 3.4 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

4,270 4,173 4,185 3.2 3.1 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,901 3,958 3,869 3.5 3.5 3.4

Mining and logging

29 30 23 3.4 3.5 2.6

Construction

305 287 265 5.4 5.1 4.5

Manufacturing

246 229 247 2.1 1.9 2.1

Durable goods

136 142 146 1.8 1.9 1.9

Nondurable goods

110 87 101 2.5 2.0 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

793 797 831 3.1 3.1 3.2

Wholesale trade

111 98 102 2.0 1.7 1.8

Retail trade

566 564 593 3.8 3.8 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

115 134 136 2.3 2.7 2.7

Information

59 64 60 2.2 2.4 2.2

Financial activities

158 182 192 2.0 2.3 2.4

Finance and insurance

114 129 137 2.0 2.2 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

44 53 56 2.2 2.7 2.8

Professional and business services

914 940 803 5.1 5.1 4.3

Education and health services

489 491 516 2.4 2.4 2.5

Educational services

83 58 77 2.4 1.6 2.3

Health care and social assistance

406 434 439 2.4 2.5 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

711 750 731 5.1 5.4 5.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

109 121 85 5.4 6.1 4.1

Accommodation and food services

602 630 645 5.0 5.2 5.3

Other services

198 187 200 3.6 3.4 3.6

Government

369 216 316 1.7 1.0 1.4

Federal

29 39 31 1.0 1.4 1.1

State and local

340 177 286 1.7 0.9 1.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

656 665 628 2.6 2.6 2.4

South

1,745 1,675 1,705 3.6 3.4 3.4

Midwest

952 841 949 3.1 2.7 3.1

West

918 992 903 3.1 3.3 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

2,207 2,217 2,267 1.6 1.6 1.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,046 2,102 2,109 1.8 1.9 1.8

Mining and logging

15 14 14 1.8 1.6 1.6

Construction

78 96 92 1.4 1.7 1.6

Manufacturing

121 118 113 1.0 1.0 0.9

Durable goods

61 72 66 0.8 1.0 0.9

Nondurable goods

60 46 48 1.3 1.0 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

456 476 454 1.8 1.9 1.8

Wholesale trade

56 65 50 1.0 1.1 0.9

Retail trade

341 341 337 2.3 2.3 2.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

59 70 67 1.2 1.4 1.3

Information

34 37 31 1.3 1.4 1.2

Financial activities

84 100 110 1.1 1.3 1.4

Finance and insurance

61 75 78 1.1 1.3 1.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

23 25 32 1.2 1.3 1.6

Professional and business services

436 431 419 2.4 2.3 2.3

Education and health services

266 281 296 1.3 1.3 1.4

Educational services

29 28 39 0.8 0.8 1.1

Health care and social assistance

237 252 257 1.4 1.5 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

458 463 475 3.3 3.3 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

51 38 37 2.5 1.9 1.7

Accommodation and food services

408 425 438 3.4 3.5 3.6

Other services

97 87 106 1.8 1.6 1.9

Government

161 115 157 0.7 0.5 0.7

Federal

13 11 9 0.5 0.4 0.3

State and local

148 104 148 0.8 0.5 0.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

299 310 323 1.2 1.2 1.3

South

916 965 975 1.9 2.0 2.0

Midwest

503 499 507 1.7 1.6 1.6

West

488 443 461 1.7 1.5 1.5

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

1,736 1,614 1,549 1.3 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,591 1,556 1,456 1.4 1.4 1.3

Mining and logging

12 14 8 1.4 1.7 0.9

Construction

218 178 157 3.9 3.1 2.7

Manufacturing

100 89 108 0.8 0.7 0.9

Durable goods

57 58 69 0.8 0.8 0.9

Nondurable goods

43 30 40 1.0 0.7 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

257 251 304 1.0 1.0 1.2

Wholesale trade

47 29 47 0.8 0.5 0.8

Retail trade

170 175 205 1.1 1.2 1.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

40 47 53 0.8 0.9 1.0

Information

21 22 22 0.8 0.8 0.8

Financial activities

47 43 49 0.6 0.5 0.6

Finance and insurance

29 26 32 0.5 0.4 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

18 17 17 0.9 0.8 0.8

Professional and business services

439 476 355 2.5 2.6 1.9

Education and health services

188 142 145 0.9 0.7 0.7

Educational services

50 21 31 1.5 0.6 0.9

Health care and social assistance

138 122 115 0.8 0.7 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

221 250 217 1.6 1.8 1.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

55 80 47 2.7 4.1 2.2

Accommodation and food services

165 170 171 1.4 1.4 1.4

Other services

89 92 89 1.6 1.7 1.6

Government

145 59 93 0.7 0.3 0.4

Federal

6 18 9 0.2 0.6 0.3

State and local

139 41 84 0.7 0.2 0.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

313 296 238 1.2 1.1 0.9

South

708 589 586 1.4 1.2 1.2

Midwest

377 267 378 1.2 0.9 1.2

West

338 463 347 1.1 1.6 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)
May
2012
Apr.
2013
May
2013(p)

Total

327 341 370 0.2 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

265 300 304 0.2 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging

2 2 1 0.3 0.3 0.2

Construction

9 13 17 0.2 0.2 0.3

Manufacturing

25 23 26 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

17 12 12 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

8 10 13 0.2 0.2 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

80 71 73 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

8 5 5 0.1 0.1 0.1

Retail trade

56 48 52 0.4 0.3 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

16 18 16 0.3 0.4 0.3

Information

4 5 7 0.1 0.2 0.3

Financial activities

27 39 34 0.3 0.5 0.4

Finance and insurance

24 28 27 0.4 0.5 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

3 11 7 0.2 0.6 0.4

Professional and business services

39 33 29 0.2 0.2 0.2

Education and health services

35 68 74 0.2 0.3 0.4

Educational services

4 8 7 0.1 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance

30 60 67 0.2 0.3 0.4

Leisure and hospitality

32 38 38 0.2 0.3 0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3 3 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

29 35 36 0.2 0.3 0.3

Other services

12 8 5 0.2 0.1 0.1

Government

62 42 66 0.3 0.2 0.3

Federal

10 10 12 0.3 0.3 0.4

State and local

53 32 54 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

44 59 66 0.2 0.2 0.3

South

121 121 144 0.2 0.2 0.3

Midwest

71 76 65 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

91 85 94 0.3 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: July 09, 2013