Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, August 2, 2022     USDL-22-1583
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                                JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2022

The number of job openings decreased to 10.7 million on the last business day of June, the U.S. Bureau 
of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and total separations were little changed at 6.4 million and 5.9 
million, respectively. Within separations, quits (4.2 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.3 million) 
were little changed. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and 
separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size class. 

Job Openings

On the last business day of June, the number and rate of job openings decreased to 10.7 million 
(-605,000) and 6.6 percent, respectively. The largest decreases in job openings were in retail trade
(-343,000), wholesale trade (-82,000), and in state and local government education (-62,000). 
(See table 1.)

Hires

In June, the number and rate of hires were little changed at 6.4 million and 4.2 percent, respectively. 
Hires were little changed in all industries. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

In June, the number and rate of total separations were little changed at 5.9 million and 3.9 percent, 
respectively. Total separations were little changed in all industries. (See table 3.)

In June, the number of quits was little changed at 4.2 million. The rate was unchanged at 2.8 percent. 
Quits decreased in construction (-51,000). Quits increased in state and local government education 
(+14,000). (See table 4.)

In June, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.3 million. The rate was unchanged 
at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges decreased in wholesale trade (-26,000), finance and insurance
(-25,000), and in federal government (-4,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in June at 367,000. Other separations decreased in 
real estate and rental and leasing (-9,000). Other separations increased in transportation, warehousing, 
and utilities (+9,000); durable goods manufacturing (+6,000); educational services (+3,000); and in 
federal government (+3,000). (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In June, the job openings rate increased in establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. The hires rate 
decreased in establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees and in establishments with 5,000 or more 
employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class estimates, please visit 
www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for July 2022 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, August 30, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
     

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	9,852	11,303	10,698	6,414	6,507	6,374	5,793	6,017	5,931
Total private	8,958	10,275	9,766	6,014	6,098	5,957	5,480	5,649	5,547
Mining and logging	25	36	34	22	26	30	16	23	22
Construction	321	405	334	349	359	346	358	336	317
Manufacturing	893	816	790	442	468	475	417	438	442
Durable goods	507	505	510	246	249	242	230	229	233
Nondurable goods	386	311	280	196	219	233	186	209	210
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,854	2,108	1,651	1,442	1,324	1,295	1,298	1,231	1,212
Wholesale trade	273	371	289	170	196	177	144	185	158
Retail trade	1,080	1,185	842	952	791	803	878	776	769
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	502	551	520	319	336	315	275	271	285
Information	151	248	258	110	105	121	90	86	94
Financial activities	350	524	532	204	233	193	199	220	182
Finance and insurance	246	370	401	136	155	128	136	151	128
Real estate and rental and leasing	104	154	132	69	79	65	64	70	53
Professional and business services	1,778	2,007	2,009	1,216	1,303	1,199	1,180	1,193	1,169
Education and health services	1,722	2,147	2,246	775	899	905	749	824	812
Educational services	168	179	201	102	126	109	76	97	84
Health care and social assistance	1,554	1,967	2,046	672	773	796	673	728	728
Leisure and hospitality	1,473	1,542	1,451	1,213	1,148	1,173	974	1,069	1,067
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	206	157	147	160	172	170	124	161	150
Accommodation and food services	1,267	1,385	1,304	1,054	976	1,004	851	908	918
Other services	392	442	459	242	235	220	199	228	228
Government	894	1,028	932	400	409	416	313	368	384
Federal	134	121	85	44	42	40	46	46	46
State and local	760	907	847	356	367	376	267	323	338
State and local education	326	362	300	211	188	200	118	150	168
State and local, excluding education	434	545	547	145	178	176	149	173	169
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	6.3	6.9	6.6	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.0	4.0	3.9
Total private	6.8	7.4	7.0	4.9	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.4	4.3
Mining and logging	4.2	5.4	5.2	3.8	4.3	4.7	2.7	3.7	3.6
Construction	4.2	5.0	4.2	4.7	4.7	4.5	4.9	4.4	4.1
Manufacturing	6.8	6.0	5.8	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.4	3.4	3.5
Durable goods	6.2	6.0	6.0	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.0	2.9	2.9
Nondurable goods	7.7	6.0	5.5	4.2	4.5	4.8	4.0	4.3	4.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	6.3	6.8	5.4	5.2	4.6	4.5	4.7	4.3	4.2
Wholesale trade	4.6	6.0	4.7	3.0	3.4	3.0	2.5	3.1	2.7
Retail trade	6.6	7.0	5.1	6.2	5.0	5.1	5.7	4.9	4.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	7.1	7.2	6.8	4.8	4.8	4.4	4.2	3.8	4.0
Information	5.1	7.7	7.9	3.9	3.5	4.0	3.2	2.9	3.1
Financial activities	3.8	5.5	5.6	2.3	2.6	2.2	2.3	2.5	2.0
Finance and insurance	3.6	5.3	5.7	2.1	2.3	1.9	2.1	2.3	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	4.4	6.1	5.3	3.1	3.3	2.8	2.8	2.9	2.3
Professional and business services	7.8	8.3	8.3	5.8	5.9	5.4	5.6	5.4	5.3
Education and health services	6.8	8.1	8.4	3.3	3.7	3.7	3.2	3.4	3.3
Educational services	4.5	4.5	5.0	2.9	3.3	2.9	2.1	2.6	2.2
Health care and social assistance	7.2	8.8	9.1	3.3	3.8	3.9	3.4	3.6	3.5
Leisure and hospitality	9.5	9.0	8.5	8.6	7.4	7.5	6.9	6.9	6.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	9.5	6.4	6.0	8.1	7.5	7.4	6.3	7.0	6.5
Accommodation and food services	9.5	9.4	8.9	8.7	7.3	7.5	7.0	6.8	6.9
Other services	6.7	7.2	7.5	4.5	4.1	3.9	3.7	4.0	4.0
Government	3.9	4.4	4.0	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.4	1.7	1.7
Federal	4.4	4.1	2.9	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.6
State and local	3.8	4.5	4.2	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.4	1.7	1.7
State and local education	3.1	3.4	2.8	2.1	1.8	1.9	1.2	1.4	1.6
State and local, excluding education	4.6	5.7	5.7	1.6	2.0	2.0	1.7	1.9	1.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, 
other separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in 
accordance with the North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working.

Job Openings.  Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires.  Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations.  Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 
establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size class. The 
establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state unemployment insurance 
laws and federal agencies subject to the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates 
of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the 
levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

Birth/death model.  The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. Also within the first year, new businesses may go out of business, 
referred to as a death. Because not all births and deaths of establishments can be reflected on the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from them during their early 
existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity from previous 
years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to the 
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment.  The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences as well as sampling and non- sampling errors between the two surveys historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and re-seasonally adjust.

Seasonal adjustment.  BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment 
methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up 
to and including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trends (hires minus 
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates.  The JOLTS estimates are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment 
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-
adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The 
seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment 
factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS 
data series, for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 
approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are 
published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news release each year. Annual 
estimates are not calculated for job openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the 
last business day of each month.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs when a sample 
is surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 
the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 
estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of 
sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons 
including: the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 
made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 
services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	9,852	11,344	11,855	11,681	11,303	10,698	6.3	7.0	7.3	7.2	6.9	6.6
INDUSTRY
Total private	8,958	10,256	10,812	10,627	10,275	9,766	6.8	7.4	7.7	7.6	7.4	7.0
Mining and logging	25	36	45	41	36	34	4.2	5.7	6.9	6.3	5.4	5.2
Construction	321	383	426	440	405	334	4.2	4.8	5.3	5.5	5.0	4.2
Manufacturing	893	785	877	1,017	816	790	6.8	5.9	6.5	7.4	6.0	5.8
Durable goods	507	467	536	625	505	510	6.2	5.6	6.4	7.3	6.0	6.0
Nondurable goods	386	318	340	392	311	280	7.7	6.2	6.6	7.5	6.0	5.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,854	1,993	2,036	1,886	2,108	1,651	6.3	6.5	6.6	6.2	6.8	5.4
Wholesale trade	273	317	295	300	371	289	4.6	5.2	4.8	4.9	6.0	4.7
Retail trade	1,080	1,139	1,263	1,040	1,185	842	6.6	6.7	7.4	6.2	7.0	5.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	502	537	478	546	551	520	7.1	7.2	6.4	7.2	7.2	6.8
Information	151	180	226	265	248	258	5.1	5.8	7.1	8.2	7.7	7.9
Financial activities	350	453	508	511	524	532	3.8	4.8	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.6
Finance and insurance	246	319	375	360	370	401	3.6	4.6	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	104	134	133	151	154	132	4.4	5.4	5.4	6.0	6.1	5.3
Professional and business services	1,778	2,038	2,330	2,327	2,007	2,009	7.8	8.5	9.5	9.5	8.3	8.3
Education and health services	1,722	2,256	2,278	2,152	2,147	2,246	6.8	8.6	8.6	8.2	8.1	8.4
Educational services	168	204	211	205	179	201	4.5	5.2	5.3	5.2	4.5	5.0
Health care and social assistance	1,554	2,052	2,067	1,946	1,967	2,046	7.2	9.2	9.2	8.7	8.8	9.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,473	1,720	1,660	1,498	1,542	1,451	9.5	10.0	9.7	8.8	9.0	8.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	206	203	207	171	157	147	9.5	8.3	8.4	7.0	6.4	6.0
Accommodation and food services	1,267	1,517	1,453	1,327	1,385	1,304	9.5	10.3	9.9	9.1	9.4	8.9
Other services	392	412	426	490	442	459	6.7	6.8	7.0	7.9	7.2	7.5
Government	894	1,088	1,044	1,054	1,028	932	3.9	4.7	4.5	4.5	4.4	4.0
Federal	134	162	128	125	121	85	4.4	5.3	4.3	4.2	4.1	2.9
State and local	760	926	915	929	907	847	3.8	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.2
State and local education	326	380	327	366	362	300	3.1	3.6	3.1	3.4	3.4	2.8
State and local, excluding education	434	545	588	563	545	547	4.6	5.7	6.1	5.9	5.7	5.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,673	1,911	1,980	1,911	1,933	1,775	6.1	6.7	6.9	6.6	6.7	6.2
South	3,834	4,262	4,650	4,503	4,237	4,204	6.6	7.1	7.6	7.4	7.0	6.9
Midwest	2,148	2,487	2,533	2,684	2,479	2,409	6.4	7.1	7.2	7.6	7.0	6.8
West	2,197	2,684	2,693	2,582	2,655	2,310	6.1	7.1	7.1	6.8	7.0	6.1
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	6,414	6,832	6,645	6,527	6,507	6,374	4.4	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.3	4.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	6,014	6,414	6,241	6,127	6,098	5,957	4.9	5.0	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.6
Mining and logging	22	24	24	24	26	30	3.8	4.1	4.0	4.0	4.3	4.7
Construction	349	408	399	349	359	346	4.7	5.4	5.2	4.6	4.7	4.5
Manufacturing	442	500	514	497	468	475	3.6	4.0	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.7
Durable goods	246	272	279	273	249	242	3.2	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.1	3.0
Nondurable goods	196	228	235	223	219	233	4.2	4.8	4.9	4.6	4.5	4.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,442	1,513	1,385	1,351	1,324	1,295	5.2	5.3	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.5
Wholesale trade	170	172	173	191	196	177	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.3	3.4	3.0
Retail trade	952	1,017	906	831	791	803	6.2	6.4	5.7	5.3	5.0	5.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	319	324	306	328	336	315	4.8	4.7	4.4	4.7	4.8	4.4
Information	110	89	106	102	105	121	3.9	3.0	3.6	3.5	3.5	4.0
Financial activities	204	236	223	277	233	193	2.3	2.7	2.5	3.1	2.6	2.2
Finance and insurance	136	159	150	188	155	128	2.1	2.4	2.3	2.8	2.3	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	69	77	73	90	79	65	3.1	3.3	3.1	3.8	3.3	2.8
Professional and business services	1,216	1,307	1,320	1,328	1,303	1,199	5.8	5.9	6.0	6.0	5.9	5.4
Education and health services	775	890	811	852	899	905	3.3	3.7	3.4	3.5	3.7	3.7
Educational services	102	116	108	110	126	109	2.9	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.3	2.9
Health care and social assistance	672	774	703	742	773	796	3.3	3.8	3.5	3.6	3.8	3.9
Leisure and hospitality	1,213	1,182	1,198	1,111	1,148	1,173	8.6	7.7	7.7	7.1	7.4	7.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	160	163	177	167	172	170	8.1	7.3	7.9	7.3	7.5	7.4
Accommodation and food services	1,054	1,019	1,021	944	976	1,004	8.7	7.7	7.7	7.1	7.3	7.5
Other services	242	266	261	235	235	220	4.5	4.7	4.6	4.1	4.1	3.9
Government	400	418	404	400	409	416	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.9
Federal	44	42	40	42	42	40	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.4
State and local	356	376	364	358	367	376	1.9	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9
State and local education	211	192	196	181	188	200	2.1	1.9	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9
State and local, excluding education	145	185	168	177	178	176	1.6	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	925	1,056	962	963	981	943	3.6	3.9	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.5
South	2,613	2,886	2,836	2,741	2,711	2,660	4.8	5.2	5.0	4.9	4.8	4.7
Midwest	1,441	1,305	1,352	1,293	1,337	1,347	4.6	4.0	4.1	3.9	4.1	4.1
West	1,434	1,585	1,494	1,530	1,479	1,424	4.2	4.5	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.0
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	5,793	6,082	6,248	5,965	6,017	5,931	4.0	4.0	4.1	3.9	4.0	3.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,480	5,676	5,843	5,593	5,649	5,547	4.4	4.4	4.5	4.3	4.4	4.3
Mining and logging	16	17	21	17	23	22	2.7	2.9	3.4	2.8	3.7	3.6
Construction	358	344	380	341	336	317	4.9	4.5	5.0	4.5	4.4	4.1
Manufacturing	417	473	488	462	438	442	3.4	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.4	3.5
Durable goods	230	261	255	248	229	233	3.0	3.3	3.2	3.1	2.9	2.9
Nondurable goods	186	212	233	214	209	210	4.0	4.4	4.9	4.4	4.3	4.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,298	1,311	1,302	1,244	1,231	1,212	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.3	4.3	4.2
Wholesale trade	144	156	151	172	185	158	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.9	3.1	2.7
Retail trade	878	895	871	793	776	769	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.0	4.9	4.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	275	260	281	279	271	285	4.2	3.7	4.0	4.0	3.8	4.0
Information	90	83	79	84	86	94	3.2	2.9	2.7	2.8	2.9	3.1
Financial activities	199	201	218	249	220	182	2.3	2.3	2.4	2.8	2.5	2.0
Finance and insurance	136	144	156	152	151	128	2.1	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.3	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	64	57	62	97	70	53	2.8	2.4	2.7	4.1	2.9	2.3
Professional and business services	1,180	1,178	1,267	1,192	1,193	1,169	5.6	5.4	5.7	5.4	5.4	5.3
Education and health services	749	785	761	777	824	812	3.2	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.4	3.3
Educational services	76	102	96	94	97	84	2.1	2.7	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.2
Health care and social assistance	673	683	665	683	728	728	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.6	3.5
Leisure and hospitality	974	1,054	1,077	1,000	1,069	1,067	6.9	6.8	7.0	6.4	6.9	6.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	124	134	140	141	161	150	6.3	6.0	6.2	6.2	7.0	6.5
Accommodation and food services	851	920	937	859	908	918	7.0	7.0	7.1	6.5	6.8	6.9
Other services	199	229	249	228	228	228	3.7	4.1	4.4	4.0	4.0	4.0
Government	313	407	405	373	368	384	1.4	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.7
Federal	46	42	41	43	46	46	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.6
State and local	267	365	364	330	323	338	1.4	1.9	1.9	1.7	1.7	1.7
State and local education	118	192	201	168	150	168	1.2	1.9	2.0	1.6	1.4	1.6
State and local, excluding education	149	173	163	162	173	169	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.9
REGION(3)
Northeast	815	905	875	900	857	831	3.1	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.1
South	2,429	2,454	2,698	2,482	2,511	2,514	4.5	4.4	4.8	4.4	4.4	4.4
Midwest	1,309	1,269	1,217	1,274	1,216	1,238	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.8
West	1,240	1,455	1,457	1,309	1,432	1,347	3.7	4.2	4.1	3.7	4.1	3.8
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	4,035	4,384	4,449	4,327	4,274	4,237	2.8	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.8
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,840	4,130	4,192	4,088	4,048	3,999	3.1	3.2	3.3	3.2	3.1	3.1
Mining and logging	11	14	15	13	17	17	1.9	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.7	2.7
Construction	177	173	248	213	230	179	2.4	2.3	3.3	2.8	3.0	2.3
Manufacturing	302	345	362	333	317	322	2.5	2.7	2.9	2.6	2.5	2.5
Durable goods	161	189	188	176	164	166	2.1	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.1
Nondurable goods	141	157	174	157	153	156	3.0	3.3	3.6	3.3	3.2	3.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	941	1,030	980	956	916	950	3.4	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.3
Wholesale trade	111	123	102	123	113	119	2.0	2.1	1.8	2.1	1.9	2.0
Retail trade	648	732	690	645	611	627	4.2	4.6	4.4	4.1	3.9	4.0
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	182	175	189	188	192	204	2.8	2.5	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.9
Information	50	51	50	51	52	58	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.9
Financial activities	129	143	155	193	132	127	1.5	1.6	1.7	2.2	1.5	1.4
Finance and insurance	79	100	112	112	85	93	1.2	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.3	1.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	50	43	44	80	47	34	2.2	1.8	1.9	3.4	2.0	1.4
Professional and business services	752	721	763	783	766	738	3.6	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.3
Education and health services	557	618	586	604	624	620	2.4	2.6	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.5
Educational services	53	57	61	73	68	59	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.9	1.8	1.5
Health care and social assistance	504	561	525	530	555	561	2.5	2.8	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.7
Leisure and hospitality	795	866	874	803	859	848	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.2	5.5	5.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	75	70	77	73	89	83	3.8	3.1	3.4	3.2	3.9	3.6
Accommodation and food services	721	796	797	730	770	766	6.0	6.1	6.0	5.5	5.8	5.7
Other services	126	170	159	139	136	140	2.3	3.0	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.5
Government	195	254	256	239	225	237	0.9	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.1
Federal	23	23	23	23	23	24	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
State and local	172	231	233	216	203	214	0.9	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.1
State and local education	79	123	135	109	96	110	0.8	1.2	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.1
State and local, excluding education	93	108	99	107	106	104	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	523	602	586	592	573	556	2.0	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.1
South	1,733	1,784	1,896	1,806	1,840	1,902	3.2	3.2	3.4	3.2	3.3	3.4
Midwest	902	942	884	936	871	826	2.9	2.9	2.7	2.9	2.6	2.5
West	878	1,056	1,082	993	990	952	2.6	3.0	3.1	2.8	2.8	2.7
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	1,361	1,354	1,416	1,312	1,416	1,327	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,302	1,273	1,333	1,243	1,335	1,250	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mining and logging	4	3	4	3	5	5	0.7	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.9	0.7
Construction	174	157	110	116	97	129	2.4	2.1	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.7
Manufacturing	94	104	102	107	101	95	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7
Durable goods	57	57	51	58	52	48	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.6
Nondurable goods	37	47	51	49	49	48	0.8	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	293	229	243	233	262	203	1.1	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.7
Wholesale trade	22	27	31	38	61	35	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.7	1.0	0.6
Retail trade	197	128	142	124	134	109	1.3	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.7
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	74	74	70	71	66	59	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.8
Information	31	19	24	27	28	30	1.1	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0
Financial activities	37	42	39	31	56	36	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.4
Finance and insurance	31	28	21	17	44	19	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.7	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	6	14	18	14	11	17	0.3	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.7
Professional and business services	310	365	428	338	351	335	1.5	1.7	1.9	1.5	1.6	1.5
Education and health services	139	135	126	131	162	148	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.6
Educational services	19	37	22	14	25	19	0.5	1.0	0.6	0.4	0.7	0.5
Health care and social assistance	120	98	104	117	137	129	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	153	164	176	178	191	192	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	48	61	60	64	69	64	2.4	2.7	2.7	2.8	3.0	2.8
Accommodation and food services	105	102	115	114	123	128	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0
Other services	66	55	82	79	81	77	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
Government	59	81	83	69	81	77	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
Federal	9	7	6	6	10	6	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.2
State and local	50	74	77	62	70	71	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4
State and local education	23	41	41	31	35	33	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3
State and local, excluding education	27	33	36	32	36	37	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
REGION(3)
Northeast	225	235	221	259	234	225	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8
South	539	529	638	536	556	450	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.8
Midwest	324	269	256	267	278	345	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.0
West	273	321	301	249	349	306	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.9
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	Feb. 2022	Mar. 2022	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	397	344	384	327	328	367	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	338	272	318	262	265	298	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mining and logging	1	1	2	1	1	1	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2
Construction	8	14	22	12	9	9	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1
Manufacturing	21	23	24	22	20	26	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	12	15	16	14	13	19	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nondurable goods	8	8	8	8	7	6	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	63	52	79	56	53	59	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wholesale trade	11	6	18	11	10	5	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1
Retail trade	33	35	39	24	30	32	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	18	11	22	21	13	22	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
Information	9	14	6	5	6	6	0.3	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Financial activities	33	16	24	25	33	19	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.2
Finance and insurance	26	16	23	22	21	16	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	7	0	0	2	12	3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.5	0.1
Professional and business services	118	91	76	71	76	96	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4
Education and health services	53	32	49	42	39	44	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Educational services	5	8	13	6	3	6	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1
Health care and social assistance	48	24	36	36	35	39	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	26	24	27	18	19	27	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1	2	2	4	3	3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services	25	22	25	15	16	24	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other services	7	4	9	10	10	11	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Government	59	72	66	65	63	70	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Federal	14	12	12	13	13	16	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.6
State and local	45	60	54	52	49	54	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
State and local education	16	28	26	28	19	25	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2
State and local, excluding education	29	32	28	24	31	28	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	67	68	69	48	50	49	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2
South	157	141	165	140	116	162	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3
Midwest	83	58	76	71	68	68	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
West	90	77	74	66	94	89	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	9,834	11,319	10,591	6.3	6.9	6.5
INDUSTRY
Total private	8,884	10,245	9,625	6.7	7.3	6.9
Mining and logging	24	34	32	4.0	5.3	4.8
Construction	322	439	330	4.1	5.4	4.0
Manufacturing	900	805	793	6.8	5.9	5.8
Durable goods	508	498	509	6.2	5.9	6.0
Nondurable goods	392	307	285	7.8	6.0	5.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,905	2,108	1,702	6.5	6.9	5.6
Wholesale trade	277	389	286	4.6	6.2	4.6
Retail trade	1,117	1,156	896	6.8	6.9	5.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	510	563	520	7.3	7.5	6.9
Information	141	239	248	4.7	7.4	7.6
Financial activities	324	495	516	3.6	5.3	5.4
Finance and insurance	219	337	386	3.3	4.9	5.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	105	158	130	4.4	6.3	5.2
Professional and business services	1,752	1,982	1,967	7.6	8.2	8.1
Education and health services	1,625	2,041	2,118	6.5	7.8	8.1
Educational services	165	173	197	4.7	4.3	5.2
Health care and social assistance	1,460	1,868	1,921	6.8	8.4	8.5
Leisure and hospitality	1,528	1,660	1,474	9.4	9.5	8.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	205	186	136	8.5	7.4	5.1
Accommodation and food services	1,322	1,473	1,338	9.5	9.9	8.9
Other services	364	442	444	6.2	7.2	7.2
Government	950	1,074	966	4.2	4.6	4.2
Federal	135	123	85	4.5	4.1	2.9
State and local	815	951	881	4.1	4.6	4.4
State and local education	378	405	338	3.7	3.7	3.3
State and local, excluding education	436	545	543	4.5	5.7	5.6
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,626	1,929	1,684	5.9	6.7	5.9
South	3,820	4,243	4,186	6.5	7.0	6.8
Midwest	2,152	2,501	2,392	6.4	7.1	6.8
West	2,236	2,647	2,328	6.1	7.0	6.1
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	7,427	7,098	7,335	5.1	4.7	4.8
INDUSTRY
Total private	6,971	6,656	6,840	5.6	5.1	5.2
Mining and logging	23	29	33	4.1	4.7	5.2
Construction	424	437	412	5.6	5.7	5.2
Manufacturing	534	498	571	4.3	3.9	4.4
Durable goods	297	268	285	3.9	3.4	3.6
Nondurable goods	238	230	286	5.1	4.8	5.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,623	1,340	1,406	5.9	4.7	4.9
Wholesale trade	194	205	200	3.4	3.5	3.4
Retail trade	1,129	807	911	7.3	5.2	5.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	300	327	295	4.6	4.7	4.2
Information	117	114	131	4.1	3.8	4.3
Financial activities	229	257	209	2.6	2.9	2.3
Finance and insurance	147	159	137	2.3	2.4	2.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	82	98	72	3.6	4.2	3.0
Professional and business services	1,380	1,380	1,349	6.5	6.2	6.0
Education and health services	810	879	964	3.5	3.6	4.0
Educational services	108	113	118	3.2	3.0	3.3
Health care and social assistance	702	766	846	3.5	3.7	4.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,509	1,423	1,482	10.2	9.0	9.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	261	298	272	11.7	12.8	10.7
Accommodation and food services	1,248	1,125	1,209	10.0	8.4	8.8
Other services	322	299	284	5.8	5.3	4.9
Government	456	442	496	2.1	2.0	2.2
Federal	42	48	36	1.5	1.7	1.3
State and local	413	394	460	2.2	2.0	2.4
State and local education	172	124	165	1.7	1.2	1.6
State and local, excluding education	242	270	295	2.6	3.0	3.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,154	1,109	1,165	4.4	4.1	4.3
South	2,896	2,899	2,923	5.3	5.1	5.1
Midwest	1,747	1,556	1,661	5.5	4.7	5.0
West	1,629	1,534	1,586	4.8	4.3	4.5
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	6,098	5,918	6,266	4.2	3.9	4.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,641	5,521	5,699	4.5	4.3	4.4
Mining and logging	14	22	21	2.5	3.6	3.4
Construction	336	303	304	4.4	3.9	3.9
Manufacturing	438	426	455	3.5	3.3	3.5
Durable goods	242	224	238	3.2	2.8	3.0
Nondurable goods	196	201	217	4.2	4.2	4.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,270	1,150	1,191	4.6	4.0	4.2
Wholesale trade	146	171	159	2.6	2.9	2.7
Retail trade	879	749	765	5.7	4.8	4.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	245	231	268	3.8	3.3	3.8
Information	94	86	100	3.3	2.9	3.3
Financial activities	216	211	187	2.5	2.4	2.1
Finance and insurance	143	143	124	2.2	2.2	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	73	68	63	3.2	2.9	2.7
Professional and business services	1,186	1,189	1,147	5.6	5.4	5.1
Education and health services	858	865	938	3.7	3.6	3.9
Educational services	129	130	139	3.8	3.4	3.9
Health care and social assistance	730	735	798	3.6	3.6	3.9
Leisure and hospitality	1,023	1,032	1,121	6.9	6.6	6.9
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	105	121	127	4.7	5.2	5.0
Accommodation and food services	918	911	994	7.3	6.8	7.2
Other services	205	237	234	3.7	4.2	4.1
Government	457	397	567	2.1	1.8	2.6
Federal	43	40	44	1.5	1.4	1.5
State and local	413	357	523	2.2	1.8	2.7
State and local education	252	202	344	2.6	1.9	3.4
State and local, excluding education	162	155	179	1.8	1.7	1.9
REGION(3)
Northeast	860	786	865	3.3	2.9	3.2
South	2,507	2,508	2,635	4.6	4.4	4.6
Midwest	1,381	1,210	1,315	4.4	3.7	4.0
West	1,350	1,414	1,450	4.0	4.0	4.1
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	4,345	4,289	4,517	3.0	2.8	3.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,059	4,036	4,170	3.3	3.1	3.2
Mining and logging	10	17	17	1.8	2.7	2.7
Construction	185	212	183	2.4	2.8	2.3
Manufacturing	325	314	339	2.6	2.5	2.6
Durable goods	175	167	175	2.3	2.1	2.2
Nondurable goods	151	147	164	3.2	3.0	3.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	963	892	971	3.5	3.1	3.4
Wholesale trade	111	102	119	2.0	1.7	2.0
Retail trade	684	610	647	4.4	3.9	4.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	168	180	205	2.6	2.6	2.9
Information	46	54	57	1.6	1.8	1.9
Financial activities	132	136	124	1.5	1.5	1.4
Finance and insurance	78	89	87	1.2	1.3	1.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	54	48	37	2.4	2.0	1.5
Professional and business services	792	770	750	3.7	3.5	3.4
Education and health services	619	618	689	2.6	2.5	2.9
Educational services	81	80	91	2.4	2.1	2.5
Health care and social assistance	538	538	598	2.7	2.6	2.9
Leisure and hospitality	858	877	903	5.8	5.6	5.5
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	77	76	86	3.4	3.2	3.4
Accommodation and food services	782	802	817	6.2	6.0	5.9
Other services	126	146	138	2.3	2.6	2.4
Government	287	254	347	1.3	1.1	1.6
Federal	22	20	23	0.8	0.7	0.8
State and local	264	233	324	1.4	1.2	1.7
State and local education	155	124	203	1.6	1.2	2.0
State and local, excluding education	109	109	121	1.2	1.2	1.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	568	560	590	2.2	2.1	2.2
South	1,815	1,833	2,004	3.3	3.2	3.5
Midwest	988	899	896	3.1	2.7	2.7
West	974	998	1,027	2.8	2.8	2.9
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	1,318	1,327	1,319	0.9	0.9	0.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,244	1,245	1,220	1.0	1.0	0.9
Mining and logging	3	5	3	0.5	0.7	0.5
Construction	146	83	116	1.9	1.1	1.5
Manufacturing	93	91	91	0.8	0.7	0.7
Durable goods	55	44	44	0.7	0.6	0.5
Nondurable goods	38	47	47	0.8	1.0	1.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	247	206	163	0.9	0.7	0.6
Wholesale trade	24	60	35	0.4	1.0	0.6
Retail trade	163	107	86	1.1	0.7	0.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	60	39	42	0.9	0.6	0.6
Information	38	27	38	1.4	0.9	1.3
Financial activities	46	43	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Finance and insurance	39	34	22	0.6	0.5	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	7	9	17	0.3	0.4	0.7
Professional and business services	282	363	298	1.3	1.6	1.3
Education and health services	180	207	197	0.8	0.9	0.8
Educational services	39	46	38	1.2	1.2	1.1
Health care and social assistance	141	161	159	0.7	0.8	0.8
Leisure and hospitality	139	140	191	0.9	0.9	1.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	27	43	38	1.2	1.8	1.5
Accommodation and food services	111	97	153	0.9	0.7	1.1
Other services	69	81	83	1.3	1.4	1.4
Government	75	81	99	0.3	0.4	0.4
Federal	8	8	5	0.3	0.3	0.2
State and local	66	73	94	0.3	0.4	0.5
State and local education	47	54	69	0.5	0.5	0.7
State and local, excluding education	19	19	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	216	183	219	0.8	0.7	0.8
South	526	570	443	1.0	1.0	0.8
Midwest	301	243	342	0.9	0.7	1.0
West	275	332	314	0.8	0.9	0.9
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)	June 2021	May 2022	June 2022(p)
Total	434	302	430	0.3	0.2	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private	339	240	310	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mining and logging	1	1	1	0.2	0.1	0.2
Construction	5	7	6	0.1	0.1	0.1
Manufacturing	20	20	26	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	13	12	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nondurable goods	8	8	6	0.2	0.2	0.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	60	53	57	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wholesale trade	11	9	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Retail trade	32	31	32	0.2	0.2	0.2
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	17	13	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Information	10	5	6	0.3	0.2	0.2
Financial activities	37	32	24	0.4	0.4	0.3
Finance and insurance	26	20	14	0.4	0.3	0.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	12	12	9	0.5	0.5	0.4
Professional and business services	112	56	99	0.5	0.3	0.4
Education and health services	59	40	51	0.3	0.2	0.2
Educational services	9	4	10	0.3	0.1	0.3
Health care and social assistance	50	36	41	0.3	0.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	26	15	27	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1	3	3	0.0	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services	25	12	24	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other services	9	10	13	0.2	0.2	0.2
Government	95	62	120	0.4	0.3	0.5
Federal	13	11	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
State and local	83	51	105	0.4	0.3	0.5
State and local education	49	24	72	0.5	0.2	0.7
State and local, excluding education	34	27	33	0.4	0.3	0.4
REGION(3)
Northeast	76	43	56	0.3	0.2	0.2
South	166	106	188	0.3	0.2	0.3
Midwest	92	68	78	0.3	0.2	0.2
West	101	84	109	0.3	0.2	0.3
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.