For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, August 7, 2012 USDL-12-1587
Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov
Job Openings and Labor Turnover – June 2012
There were 3.8 million job openings on the last business day of June,
little changed from 3.7 million in May, the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.3 percent) and
separations rate (3.2 percent) were essentially unchanged in June.
This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job
openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry
and by geographic region.
Job Openings
The number of job openings in June was 3.8 million, little changed
from May. (See table 1.) Job openings were little changed in all
industries and regions. The level of total nonfarm job openings in
June was up from 2.4 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.
(Recession dates are determined by the National Bureau of Economic
Research.)
The number of job openings in June (not seasonally adjusted) increased
over the year for total nonfarm and total private. The number of job
openings for government was little changed. Job openings increased
over the year for several industries and the Midwest, Northeast and
South regions. (See table 7.)
__________________________________________________________________
| Changes to the Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release |
| |
| Effective with this release, former tables B and C have been |
| moved to the numbered tables section and have been numbered |
| as tables 5 and 6, respectively. Former tables 5 through 10 |
| have been renumbered as tables 7 through 12. |
|________________________________________________________________|
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally
adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Job openings | Hires | Total separations
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Industry | June | May | June | June | May | June | June | May | June
| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p
-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
| Levels (in thousands)
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..............|3,241 |3,657 |3,762 |4,208 |4,461 |4,361 |4,112 |4,463 |4,278
| | | | | | | | |
Total private(1)..|2,911 |3,285 |3,399 |3,945 |4,176 |4,080 |3,819 |4,163 |3,981
Construction.....| 58 | 69 | 73 | 366 | 314 | 370 | 370 | 359 | 354
Manufacturing....| 212 | 297 | 312 | 260 | 262 | 263 | 239 | 248 | 251
Trade, trans- | | | | | | | | |
portation, and | | | | | | | | |
utilities(2)....| 540 | 591 | 601 | 834 | 872 | 833 | 825 | 835 | 842
Retail trade....| 355 | 348 | 346 | 568 | 577 | 561 | 560 | 586 | 562
Professional | | | | | | | | |
and business | | | | | | | | |
services........| 672 | 718 | 715 | 860 | 982 | 966 | 846 |1,035 | 943
Education and | | | | | | | | |
health ser- | | | | | | | | |
vices(3)........| 596 | 687 | 700 | 494 | 540 | 479 | 464 | 479 | 460
Health care | | | | | | | | |
and social | | | | | | | | |
assistance.....| 535 | 629 | 644 | 427 | 466 | 419 | 391 | 414 | 388
Leisure and | | | | | | | | |
hospitality.....| 352 | 432 | 461 | 713 | 715 | 710 | 668 | 712 | 692
Arts, enter- | | | | | | | | |
tainment and | | | | | | | | |
recreation.....| 50 | 52 | 45 | 114 | 115 | 108 | 105 | 135 | 109
Accommodation | | | | | | | | |
and food | | | | | | | | |
services.......| 302 | 381 | 416 | 599 | 600 | 603 | 563 | 577 | 583
Government(4).....| 330 | 372 | 363 | 264 | 285 | 281 | 293 | 300 | 296
State and local | | | | | | | | |
government......| 280 | 302 | 297 | 241 | 254 | 254 | 260 | 270 | 266
|--------------------------------------------------------------
| Rates (percent)
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..............| 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.2
| | | | | | | | |
Total private(1)..| 2.6 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.6
Construction.....| 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.4
Manufacturing....| 1.8 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1
Trade, trans- | | | | | | | | |
portation, and | | | | | | | | |
utilities(2)....| 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3
Retail trade....| 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.8
Professional | | | | | | | | |
and business | | | | | | | | |
services........| 3.7 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 5.3
Education and | | | | | | | | |
health ser- | | | | | | | | |
vices(3)........|. 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3
Health care | | | | | | | | |
and social | | | | | | | | |
assistance.....|. 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3
Leisure and | | | | | | | | |
hospitality.....| 2.6 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 5.1
Arts, enter- | | | | | | | | |
tainment and | | | | | | | | |
recreation.....| 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 5.7
Accommodation | | | | | | | | |
and food | | | | | | | | |
services.......| 2.6 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0
Government(4).....| 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3
State and local | | | | | | | | |
government......| 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and
other services, not shown separately.
2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not
shown separately.
3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
p = Preliminary
Hires
In June, the hires rate was essentially unchanged at 3.3 percent for
total nonfarm. The hires rate was little changed in all industries and
regions. (See table 2.) The number of hires in June was 4.4 million,
up from 3.7 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.
Over the 12 months ending in June, the hires rate (not seasonally
adjusted) was little changed for total nonfarm and total private but
increased for government. The hires rate was little changed in all
industries and regions over the year. (See table 8.)
Separations
The total separations figure includes quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations. Total separations is also referred to as
turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the
employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’
willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are
involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations
include separations due to retirement, death, and disability, as well
as transfers to other locations of the same firm.
The total separations rate was essentially unchanged for total
nonfarm, total private, and government in June. (See table 3.) Over
the year, the total separations rate (not seasonally adjusted) was
essentially unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, and
government. (See table 9.)
In June, the quits rate was unchanged for total nonfarm, total
private, and government. (See table 4.) The number of quits was 2.1
million in June, up from 1.8 million at the end of the recession in
June 2009.
The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) in June increased over
the year for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number
of quits increased over the year in several industries and in the
South. (See table 10.)
The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is
seasonally adjusted at the total nonfarm, total private, and
government levels and for the four regions. The layoffs and discharges
rate was essentially unchanged in June for total nonfarm and total
private and unchanged for government. The layoffs and discharges rate
decreased in the South. (See table 5.) The number of layoffs and
discharges for total nonfarm was 1.8 million in June, down from 2.1
million at the end of the recession in June 2009.
The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little
changed for total nonfarm and total private but decreased for
government over the 12 months ending in June 2012. The number of
layoffs and discharges was essentially unchanged over the year in all
four regions. (See table 11.)
The other separations component of total separations is seasonally
adjusted at the total nonfarm, total private, and government levels.
In June 2012, there were 357,000 other separations for total nonfarm,
little changed from the previous month. Over the 12 months ending in
June 2012, the number of other separations for total nonfarm was
little changed. (See tables 6 and 12.)
Net Change in Employment
Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout
the business cycle. Net employment change results from the
relationship between hires and separations. When the number of hires
exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires
level is steady or declining. Conversely, when the number of hires is
less than the number of separations, employment declines, even if the
hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in June
2012, hires totaled 51.3 million and separations totaled 49.6 million,
yielding a net employment gain of 1.8 million. These figures include
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during
the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for July 2012 are
scheduled to be released on Tuesday, September 11, 2012 at 10:00 a.m.
(EDT).
Technical Note
The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS)
are collected and compiled monthly from a sample of business
establishments by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
Collection
In a monthly survey of business establishments, data are
collected for total employment, job openings, hires, quits, layoffs
and discharges, and other separations. Data collection methods
include computer-assisted telephone interviewing, touchtone data
entry, web, fax, e-mail, and mail.
Coverage
The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such
as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and
local government entities in the 50 states and the District of
Columbia.
Concepts
Industry classification. The industry classifications in this
release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS). In order to
ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Workforce
Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the
industry code, location, and ownership classification of all
establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment
characteristics resulting from the verification process are always
introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame with the data reported for
the first month of the year.
Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who
worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th
day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-
term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay
period, are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and
consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by the
establishment where they are working.
Job openings. Establishments submit job openings information for
the last business day of the reference month. A job opening
requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work
available for that position, 2) work could start within 30 days
regardless of whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the
employer is actively recruiting from outside the establishment to
fill the position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent,
short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting means that
the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising
in newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted signs,
accepting applications, or using other similar methods.
Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions,
demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are
jobs with start dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for
which employees have been hired but have not yet reported for work,
and jobs to be filled by employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants.
The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job
openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying
that quotient by 100.
Hires. Hires are the total number of additions to the payroll
occurring at any time during the reference month, including both
new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the
location after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or
intermittent employees who returned to work after having been
formally separated, and transfers from other locations. The hires
count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting
site, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help
agencies or employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or
consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of
hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
Separations. Separations are the total number of terminations of
employment occurring at any time during the reference month, and
are reported by type of separation--quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations. Quits are voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations
initiated by the employer and include layoffs with no intent to
rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last more than 7
days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings;
firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or
short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal employees.
Other separations include retirements, transfers to other
locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. Separations
do not include transfers within the same location or employees on
strike.
The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of
separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are
computed similarly, dividing the number by employment and
multiplying by 100.
Annual estimates. Annual estimates of rates and levels of hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total
separations are released with the January news release each year.
The JOLTS annual level estimates for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. The annual rate estimates are
computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying
that quotient by 100. This figure will be approximately equal to
the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Note that both the JOLTS and CES
annual levels are rounded to the nearest thousand before the annual
estimates are calculated. Consistent with BLS practices, annual
estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data.
Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings because job
openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last
business day of each month. Only jobs still open on the last day
of the month are counted. For the same reason job openings cannot
be cumulated throughout each month, annual figures for job openings
cannot be created by summing the monthly estimates. Hires and
separations are flow measures and are cumulated over the month with
a total reported for the month. Therefore, the annual figures can
be created by summing the monthly estimates.
Special collection procedures
An implied measure of employment change can be derived from the
JOLTS data by subtracting separations from hires for a given
month. Aggregating these monthly changes historically produced
employment levels that overstated employment change as measured by
CES at the total nonfarm level. Research into this problem showed
that a significant amount of the divergence between the CES
employment levels and the derived JOLTS employment levels was
traceable to the Employment Services industry and to the State
Government Education industry. In the former industry, businesses
have a difficult time reporting hires and separations of temporary
help workers. In the latter industry, employers have difficulty
reporting hires and separations of student workers. BLS now
devotes additional resources to the collection, editing, and review
of data for these industries. BLS analysts more closely examine
reported data that do not provide a consistent picture over time,
and re-contact the respondents as necessary. Analysts work with
the respondents to adjust their reporting practices as possible.
Units that cannot be reconciled but are clearly incorrect on a
consistent basis are not used, they are replaced by imputed values
using standard techniques.
Sample and estimation methodology
The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business establishments, including factories, offices, and
stores, as well as federal, state, and local governments in the 50
states and the District of Columbia. The establishments are drawn
from a universe of over 9.1 million establishments compiled as part
of the operations of the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
(QCEW) program. This program includes all employers subject to state
Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal agencies subject to
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE).
The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, industry
sector, and establishment size class. The JOLTS sample is constructed
from individual panels of sample units drawn on an annual basis. The
full annual sample consists of one certainty panel composed of only
large units selected with virtual certainty based on their size and
24 non-certainty panels. Each month a new non-certainty panel is
rolled into collection, and the oldest non-certainty panel is
rolled out. This means that at any given time the JOLTS sample is
constructed from panels from three different annual sampling
frames. The entire sample of old plus new panels is post-
stratified and re-weighted annually to represent the most recent
sampling frame. Additionally, the out-of-business establishments
are removed from the old panels. The annual sample is supplemented
with a quarterly sample of birth establishments (i.e., new
establishments) to better reflect the impact of younger
establishments in the JOLTS sample.
JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked or ratio adjusted
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the Current
Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment
is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data elements.
JOLTS business birth/death model
As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as
current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an
establishment until its appearance on the sampling frame is
approximately one year. In addition, many of these new units may
fail within the first year. Since these universe units cannot be
reflected on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS
sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from
these units during their early existence. BLS has developed a model
to estimate birth/death activity for current months by examining the
birth/death activity from previous years on the QCEW and projecting
forward using the ratio of over-the-year CES employment change.
The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to estimate the
amount of “churn” (hires and separations) that exists in establishments
of various sizes. The model then combines the estimated churn with
the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and
separations taking place in these units that cannot be measured
through sampling.
The model-based estimate of total separations is distributed to
the three components–-quits; layoffs and discharges; and other
separations--in proportion to their contribution to the sample-
based estimate of total separations. Additionally, job openings
for the modeled units are estimated by computing the ratio of
openings to hires in the collected data and applying that ratio to
the modeled hires. The estimates of job openings, hires, and
separations produced by the birth/death model are then added to the
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.
Seasonal adjustment
BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using the X-12 ARIMA
seasonal adjustment program. Seasonal adjustment is the process of
estimating and removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such
as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school
year. Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental
changes in the level of the series, particularly those associated
with general economic expansions and contractions. A concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant
data, up to and including the data for the current month.
JOLTS uses moving averages as seasonal filters in seasonal
adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and
multiplicative seasonal adjustment models and REGARIMA (regression
with autocorrelated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to
detect and adjust for outliers in the series.
Alignment procedure
JOLTS hires minus separations should be comparable to the CES net
employment change. However, definitional differences as well as
sampling and non-sampling errors between the two surveys
historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit
the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires and
separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly Alignment Method.
The Monthly Alignment Method applies the CES employment trends to
the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while
preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two
series are seasonally adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS
implied employment trend and the CES net employment change is
calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment trend is adjusted to
equal the CES net employment change through a proportional
adjustment. This proportional adjustment procedure adjusts the two
components (hires, separations) proportionally to their
contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). For
example, if hires are 40 percent of the churn for a given month,
they will receive 40 percent of the needed adjustment and
separations will receive 60 percent of the needed adjustment. The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to
adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the
adjusted levels. The monthly alignment procedure assures a close
match of the JOLTS implied employment trend with the CES trend. The
CES series is considered a highly accurate measure of net
employment change owing to its very large sample size and annual
benchmarking to universe counts of employment from the QCEW
program.
Historical changes in JOLTS data
The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and separations are
relatively new. The full sample is divided into panels, with one
panel enrolled each month. A full complement of panels for the
original data series based on the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the
survey until January 2002. The supplemental panels of
establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not completely
enrolled until May 2003. The data collected up until those points
are from less than a full sample. Therefore, estimates from
earlier months should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units
were reporting data at that time.
In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires and
separations data were revised to address possible underreporting.
As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior
to March 2002 may not be comparable to estimates for March 2002 and
later.
The federal government reorganization that involved transferring
approximately 180,000 employees to the new Department of Homeland
Security is not reflected in the JOLTS hires and separations
estimates for the federal government. The Office of Personnel
Management's record shows these transfers were completed in March
2003. The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS definitions of hires
and separations is intended to cover ongoing movements of workers
between establishments. The Department of Homeland Security
reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the inclusion of
these intergovernmental transfers would distort the federal government
time series.
Reliability of the estimates
JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error. When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ
from the "true" population values they represent. The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular
sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard
error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the
90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-
percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a
sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the
"true" population value because of sampling error. Estimates of
sampling errors are available upon request.
The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure
to include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain
data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by
respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the
data, and errors from the employment benchmark data used in
estimation.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200;
Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total................................. 3,241 3,477 3,565 3,741 3,447 3,657 3,762 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.7
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 2,911 3,119 3,163 3,362 3,093 3,285 3,399 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9 3.0
Construction........................... 58 86 73 92 69 69 73 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.3
Manufacturing.......................... 212 261 271 308 259 297 312 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 540 584 584 598 562 591 601 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3
Retail trade.......................... 355 315 365 368 338 348 346 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3
Professional and business services..... 672 695 710 787 660 718 715 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.2 3.6 3.9 3.8
Education and health services(6)........ 596 630 655 670 665 687 700 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3
Health care and social assistance 535 576 598 605 610 629 644 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7
Leisure and hospitality................ 352 432 408 431 419 432 461 2.6 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 50 72 48 57 61 52 45 2.6 3.6 2.5 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.3
Accommodation and food services....... 302 360 360 375 358 381 416 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.4
Government(7)......................... 330 358 402 378 354 372 363 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6
State and local government............. 280 305 338 310 282 302 297 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5
REGION(8)
Northeast........................... 562 590 671 688 679 675 702 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7
South............................... 1,155 1,442 1,402 1,453 1,370 1,474 1,477 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0
Midwest............................. 737 738 791 853 666 755 802 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.6
West................................ 787 707 702 746 732 754 782 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6
1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus
job openings.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah,
Washington, and Wyoming.
p = Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total................................. 4,208 4,239 4,444 4,335 4,213 4,461 4,361 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 3,945 3,945 4,128 4,041 3,916 4,176 4,080 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.7
Construction........................... 366 331 318 286 276 314 370 6.7 5.9 5.7 5.1 5.0 5.7 6.7
Manufacturing.......................... 260 253 260 263 260 262 263 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 834 836 815 827 826 872 833 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.3
Retail trade.......................... 568 557 551 550 556 577 561 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.8
Professional and business services..... 860 831 973 888 888 982 966 5.0 4.7 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.4
Education and health services(6)........ 494 517 527 523 495 540 479 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.4
Health care and social assistance 427 441 455 442 427 466 419 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.5
Leisure and hospitality................ 713 757 794 795 717 715 710 5.4 5.6 5.9 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 114 139 156 154 123 115 108 6.0 7.2 8.1 7.9 6.4 6.0 5.6
Accommodation and food services....... 599 618 639 640 594 600 603 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.2
Government(7)......................... 264 294 316 294 297 285 281 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
State and local government............. 241 275 284 264 263 254 254 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3
REGION(8)
Northeast........................... 720 710 756 711 673 696 713 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8
South............................... 1,566 1,667 1,748 1,677 1,676 1,781 1,683 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.5
Midwest............................. 975 977 985 1,004 938 1,030 1,056 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.5
West................................ 948 884 955 943 925 953 910 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.1
1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total................................. 4,112 4,017 4,124 4,167 4,142 4,463 4,278 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.2
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 3,819 3,729 3,823 3,869 3,838 4,163 3,981 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.6
Construction........................... 370 308 317 281 290 359 354 6.7 5.5 5.7 5.1 5.2 6.5 6.4
Manufacturing.......................... 239 217 235 234 239 248 251 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 825 837 780 832 817 835 842 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3
Retail trade.......................... 560 579 543 566 560 586 562 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.8
Professional and business services..... 846 745 850 835 855 1,035 943 4.9 4.2 4.8 4.7 4.8 5.8 5.3
Education and health services(6)........ 464 501 458 473 470 479 460 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3
Health care and social assistance 391 412 396 414 408 414 388 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3
Leisure and hospitality................ 668 700 747 753 710 712 692 5.0 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 105 125 153 128 133 135 109 5.5 6.5 7.9 6.6 6.9 7.0 5.7
Accommodation and food services....... 563 575 594 625 577 577 583 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.4 4.9 4.9 5.0
Government(7)......................... 293 288 301 299 304 300 296 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3
State and local government............. 260 262 269 267 271 270 266 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
REGION(8)
Northeast........................... 691 692 703 624 697 690 698 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.8
South............................... 1,509 1,598 1,571 1,678 1,556 1,772 1,643 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.4
Midwest............................. 990 866 970 943 971 1,038 974 3.3 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.2
West................................ 922 862 880 923 918 963 962 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3
1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total................................. 1,930 2,002 2,072 2,159 2,114 2,176 2,113 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 1,819 1,876 1,947 2,025 1,969 2,041 1,983 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8
Construction........................... 78 70 75 74 70 79 84 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5
Manufacturing.......................... 109 97 102 112 114 117 105 .9 .8 .9 .9 1.0 1.0 .9
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) 453 449 461 472 455 440 482 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.9
Retail trade.......................... 342 342 345 343 332 318 338 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3
Professional and business services..... 344 352 371 380 396 439 405 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.3
Education and health services(6)........ 241 282 287 284 266 269 240 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2
Health care and social assistance 211 251 256 253 238 239 205 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.2
Leisure and hospitality................ 408 398 425 471 445 448 440 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 42 43 58 47 47 52 46 2.2 2.2 3.0 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.4
Accommodation and food services....... 366 355 368 425 398 396 393 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.4
Government(7)......................... 110 125 125 134 145 136 130 .5 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6
State and local government............. 101 116 113 122 132 124 121 .5 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6
REGION(8)
Northeast........................... 279 343 314 278 309 305 311 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2
South............................... 771 827 825 908 855 899 871 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8
Midwest............................. 467 412 493 508 495 521 493 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6
West................................ 413 419 440 465 456 452 438 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5
1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 1,850 1,684 1,728 1,652 1,743 1,956 1,807 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.4
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 1,732 1,587 1,610 1,552 1,644 1,852 1,704 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.5
Construction........................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Manufacturing.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Retail trade.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Professional and business services..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Education and health services(6)....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Health care and social assistance..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Leisure and hospitality................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Accommodation and food services....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Government(7)........................... 117 97 117 100 98 104 103 .5 .4 .5 .5 .4 .5 .5
State and local government............. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. 358 284 327 277 334 331 317 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2
South.................................. 609 637 623 648 614 761 641 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.3
Midwest................................ 448 376 409 364 406 443 404 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.3
West................................... 435 386 369 364 388 421 446 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
- Data not available.
Table 6. Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
Levels(3) (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June
2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p
Total.................................... 332 332 325 356 285 331 357 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private(4)........................ 267 266 266 292 224 270 295 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .3
Construction........................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Manufacturing.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Trade, transportation, and utilities(5) - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Retail trade.......................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Professional and business services..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Education and health services(6)....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Health care and social assistance..... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Leisure and hospitality................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Arts, entertainment, and recreation... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Accommodation and food services....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Government(7)........................... 65 66 58 64 61 61 63 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3
State and local government............. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
REGION(8)
Northeast.............................. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
South.................................. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Midwest................................ - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
West................................... - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
8 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
- Data not available.
Table 7. Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June May June June May June
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 3,158 3,665 3,723 2.3 2.7 2.7
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 2,796 3,288 3,332 2.5 2.9 2.9
Mining and Logging............................ 21 21 18 2.6 2.5 2.0
Construction.................................. 63 83 79 1.1 1.5 1.4
Manufacturing................................. 216 311 322 1.8 2.5 2.6
Durable goods................................ 156 211 218 2.1 2.7 2.8
Nondurable goods............................. 59 101 104 1.3 2.2 2.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 535 574 595 2.1 2.2 2.3
Wholesale trade.............................. 84 126 151 1.5 2.2 2.6
Retail trade................................. 353 335 349 2.4 2.2 2.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 98 113 95 2.0 2.2 1.9
Information................................... 84 81 79 3.0 3.0 2.9
Financial activities.......................... 214 243 243 2.7 3.1 3.0
Finance and insurance........................ 175 170 192 2.9 2.9 3.2
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 39 73 51 2.0 3.6 2.5
Professional and business services............ 616 706 655 3.4 3.8 3.5
Education and health services................. 560 683 667 2.8 3.2 3.2
Educational services......................... 60 59 57 2.0 1.7 1.8
Health care and social assistance............ 499 624 610 2.9 3.5 3.5
Leisure and hospitality....................... 361 450 485 2.5 3.2 3.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 50 68 45 2.3 3.3 2.0
Accommodation and food services............. 310 383 441 2.6 3.1 3.5
Other services................................ 127 135 190 2.3 2.4 3.4
Government..................................... 361 377 390 1.6 1.7 1.7
Federal....................................... 47 67 60 1.6 2.3 2.1
State and local............................... 315 310 330 1.6 1.6 1.7
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 553 684 709 2.2 2.6 2.7
South......................................... 1,083 1,462 1,394 2.2 2.9 2.8
Midwest....................................... 721 757 804 2.3 2.4 2.6
West.......................................... 801 761 816 2.7 2.5 2.7
1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a
percent of total employment plus job openings.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June May June June May June
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 4,869 4,926 5,057 3.7 3.7 3.8
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 4,513 4,622 4,663 4.1 4.1 4.2
Mining and Logging............................ 35 40 33 4.4 4.7 3.9
Construction.................................. 435 394 447 7.6 7.1 7.8
Manufacturing................................. 293 295 298 2.5 2.5 2.5
Durable goods................................ 174 167 188 2.4 2.2 2.5
Nondurable goods............................. 118 128 110 2.6 2.9 2.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 862 919 864 3.4 3.6 3.4
Wholesale trade.............................. 117 123 123 2.1 2.2 2.2
Retail trade................................. 584 622 577 4.0 4.2 3.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 161 174 164 3.3 3.5 3.3
Information................................... 70 68 68 2.6 2.6 2.6
Financial activities.......................... 191 203 203 2.5 2.6 2.6
Finance and insurance........................ 113 131 132 2.0 2.3 2.3
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 78 72 71 4.0 3.7 3.6
Professional and business services............ 909 1,072 1,048 5.2 6.0 5.8
Education and health services................. 594 516 562 3.0 2.5 2.8
Educational services......................... 79 49 65 2.6 1.5 2.1
Health care and social assistance............ 516 466 497 3.1 2.7 2.9
Leisure and hospitality....................... 877 882 863 6.3 6.4 6.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 172 177 152 7.9 8.9 7.1
Accommodation and food services............. 705 705 711 6.0 6.0 5.9
Other services................................ 246 232 278 4.6 4.3 5.1
Government..................................... 356 305 394 1.6 1.4 1.8
Federal....................................... 33 40 37 1.2 1.4 1.3
State and local............................... 323 265 356 1.7 1.4 1.9
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 908 771 908 3.6 3.0 3.6
South......................................... 1,696 1,907 1,814 3.5 3.9 3.7
Midwest....................................... 1,158 1,202 1,279 3.9 4.0 4.2
West.......................................... 1,107 1,046 1,056 3.8 3.6 3.6
1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June May June June May June
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 4,217 4,202 4,430 3.2 3.1 3.3
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 3,747 3,843 3,953 3.4 3.5 3.5
Mining and Logging............................ 17 27 25 2.2 3.2 2.9
Construction.................................. 323 311 314 5.7 5.6 5.5
Manufacturing................................. 235 240 246 2.0 2.0 2.0
Durable goods................................ 131 128 148 1.8 1.7 2.0
Nondurable goods............................. 104 112 97 2.3 2.5 2.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 780 775 825 3.1 3.1 3.2
Wholesale trade.............................. 110 104 114 2.0 1.8 2.0
Retail trade................................. 539 552 555 3.7 3.8 3.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 132 119 156 2.7 2.4 3.1
Information................................... 58 61 60 2.2 2.3 2.3
Financial activities.......................... 155 168 164 2.0 2.2 2.1
Finance and insurance........................ 100 116 111 1.7 2.0 1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 56 53 53 2.8 2.7 2.6
Professional and business services............ 798 936 888 4.6 5.2 4.9
Education and health services................. 554 475 567 2.8 2.3 2.8
Educational services......................... 121 75 122 4.0 2.2 3.9
Health care and social assistance............ 433 401 446 2.6 2.4 2.6
Leisure and hospitality....................... 661 647 683 4.7 4.7 4.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 82 105 82 3.8 5.3 3.8
Accommodation and food services............. 579 542 602 4.9 4.6 5.0
Other services................................ 165 203 181 3.0 3.8 3.3
Government..................................... 470 358 477 2.1 1.6 2.2
Federal....................................... 32 29 32 1.1 1.0 1.1
State and local............................... 438 330 445 2.3 1.7 2.3
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 731 585 747 2.9 2.3 2.9
South......................................... 1,528 1,745 1,675 3.2 3.6 3.4
Midwest....................................... 1,019 962 1,006 3.4 3.2 3.3
West.......................................... 939 909 1,002 3.2 3.1 3.4
1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June May June June May June
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 2,073 2,210 2,295 1.6 1.7 1.7
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 1,911 2,046 2,100 1.7 1.8 1.9
Mining and Logging............................ 10 14 15 1.3 1.6 1.7
Construction.................................. 85 79 95 1.5 1.4 1.7
Manufacturing................................. 119 121 115 1.0 1.0 1.0
Durable goods................................ 59 59 66 .8 .8 .9
Nondurable goods............................. 60 62 50 1.3 1.4 1.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 457 445 505 1.8 1.8 2.0
Wholesale trade.............................. 36 55 71 .7 1.0 1.2
Retail trade................................. 346 328 352 2.4 2.2 2.4
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 75 62 82 1.5 1.3 1.6
Information................................... 33 36 39 1.2 1.4 1.5
Financial activities.......................... 85 93 93 1.1 1.2 1.2
Finance and insurance........................ 56 63 63 1.0 1.1 1.1
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 29 30 30 1.5 1.5 1.5
Professional and business services............ 358 443 417 2.1 2.5 2.3
Education and health services................. 264 269 262 1.3 1.3 1.3
Educational services......................... 42 30 48 1.4 .9 1.5
Health care and social assistance............ 223 239 214 1.3 1.4 1.3
Leisure and hospitality....................... 431 441 467 3.1 3.2 3.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 44 48 48 2.0 2.4 2.2
Accommodation and food services............. 387 393 419 3.3 3.3 3.5
Other services................................ 69 106 92 1.3 2.0 1.7
Government..................................... 162 164 196 .7 .7 .9
Federal....................................... 10 12 10 .4 .4 .4
State and local............................... 152 152 185 .8 .8 1.0
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 308 290 349 1.2 1.1 1.4
South......................................... 803 928 922 1.7 1.9 1.9
Midwest....................................... 506 516 539 1.7 1.7 1.8
West.......................................... 457 477 485 1.6 1.6 1.6
1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June May June June May June
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 1,759 1,668 1,721 1.3 1.2 1.3
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 1,576 1,542 1,565 1.4 1.4 1.4
Mining and Logging............................ 6 12 8 .7 1.4 .9
Construction.................................. 225 221 204 3.9 4.0 3.6
Manufacturing................................. 94 93 109 .8 .8 .9
Durable goods................................ 57 51 68 .8 .7 .9
Nondurable goods............................. 37 42 41 .8 .9 .9
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 257 257 250 1.0 1.0 1.0
Wholesale trade.............................. 61 39 33 1.1 .7 .6
Retail trade................................. 155 173 155 1.1 1.2 1.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 41 45 61 .8 .9 1.2
Information................................... 21 20 15 .8 .8 .6
Financial activities.......................... 52 50 41 .7 .6 .5
Finance and insurance........................ 27 31 20 .5 .5 .3
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 25 20 21 1.3 1.0 1.1
Professional and business services............ 401 451 409 2.3 2.5 2.3
Education and health services................. 237 173 256 1.2 .8 1.3
Educational services......................... 69 40 66 2.3 1.2 2.1
Health care and social assistance............ 168 133 190 1.0 .8 1.1
Leisure and hospitality....................... 211 177 189 1.5 1.3 1.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 36 55 32 1.7 2.8 1.5
Accommodation and food services............. 175 123 157 1.5 1.0 1.3
Other services................................ 72 88 84 1.3 1.6 1.5
Government..................................... 182 125 157 .8 .6 .7
Federal....................................... 10 7 9 .3 .2 .3
State and local............................... 173 119 147 .9 .6 .8
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 354 250 312 1.4 1.0 1.2
South......................................... 583 701 602 1.2 1.4 1.2
Midwest....................................... 424 375 377 1.4 1.2 1.2
West.......................................... 398 342 430 1.4 1.2 1.5
1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a
percent of total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
Levels (in thousands) Rates
Industry and region June May June June May June
2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p
Total........................................... 385 324 414 0.3 0.2 0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private.................................. 259 255 289 .2 .2 .3
Mining and Logging............................ 1 2 2 .2 .2 .3
Construction.................................. 14 11 15 .2 .2 .3
Manufacturing................................. 22 27 21 .2 .2 .2
Durable goods................................ 16 18 15 .2 .2 .2
Nondurable goods............................. 6 9 6 .1 .2 .1
Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 66 73 71 .3 .3 .3
Wholesale trade.............................. 12 10 9 .2 .2 .2
Retail trade................................. 38 50 48 .3 .3 .3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities... 16 13 13 .3 .3 .3
Information................................... 4 5 7 .1 .2 .3
Financial activities.......................... 18 25 30 .2 .3 .4
Finance and insurance........................ 16 22 29 .3 .4 .5
Real estate and rental and leasing........... 2 3 1 .1 .2 .1
Professional and business services............ 39 42 62 .2 .2 .3
Education and health services................. 52 33 49 .3 .2 .2
Educational services......................... 10 5 8 .3 .1 .3
Health care and social assistance............ 43 29 42 .3 .2 .2
Leisure and hospitality....................... 19 29 27 .1 .2 .2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 2 2 1 .1 .1 .1
Accommodation and food services............. 17 27 26 .1 .2 .2
Other services................................ 24 8 5 .4 .2 .1
Government..................................... 126 69 124 .6 .3 .6
Federal....................................... 13 9 12 .4 .3 .4
State and local............................... 113 60 112 .6 .3 .6
REGION (3)
Northeast..................................... 68 45 86 .3 .2 .3
South......................................... 143 116 150 .3 .2 .3
Midwest....................................... 89 72 89 .3 .2 .3
West.......................................... 85 91 87 .3 .3 .3
1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
3 See footnote 8, table 1.
p = Preliminary
United States Department of Labor
