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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, August 10, 2016	USDL-16-1653

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                            JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2016

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.6 million on the last business day of June, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and separations were little changed at 5.1 million and 
4.9 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.0 percent and the layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 
hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

In June, there were 5.6 million job openings, little changed from May. The job openings rate in June 
was 3.8 percent. The number of job openings was essentially unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, 
and government. Job openings increased in durable goods manufacturing (+37,000) and decreased in 
federal government (-15,000). In the regions, job openings increased in the South. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was 5.1 million in June, essentially the same as May. The hires rate was 3.6 
percent in June. The number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. Hires was 
also little changed in all industries. The number of hires increased in the Northeast region. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.9 million total separations in June, little changed from May. The total separations rate in 
June was 3.4 percent. The number of total separations was essentially unchanged over the month for 
total private and for government. The number of total separations was little changed over the month at 
the industry level and in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits held steady in June at 2.9 million. The quits rate was 2.0 percent. Over the month, 
the number of quits was little changed for total private and increased for government (+18,000). The 
number of quits increased in state and local government education (+20,000) and was little changed in 
all other industries. The number of quits was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in June, essentially unchanged from May. The layoffs 
and discharges rate was 1.1 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges held steady over the month 
for total private and edged down for government (-19,000). Layoffs and discharges decreased in state 
and local government education (-14,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over 
the month in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government in 
June. Other separations increased in educational services (+8,000). Other separations was essentially 
unchanged over the month in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in June, hires totaled 62.3 million and 
separations totaled 59.8 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.5 million. These totals include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for July 2016 are scheduled to be released 
on Wednesday, September 7, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

5,168 5,514 5,624 5,147 5,047 5,131 4,937 4,978 4,909

Total private

4,718 4,986 5,106 4,823 4,695 4,776 4,599 4,642 4,569

Mining and logging(1)

19 11 13 24 20 24 25 26 26

Construction(1)

156 193 208 322 325 282 343 338 298

Manufacturing

284 350 377 268 268 283 268 294 270

Durable goods(1)

182 180 217 155 160 165 159 183 165

Nondurable goods(1)

103 170 160 113 108 118 109 111 105

Trade, transportation, and utilities

898 970 987 1,126 1,019 1,034 1,064 1,010 1,037

Wholesale trade(1)

164 162 179 165 142 147 154 132 135

Retail trade

534 605 589 774 710 707 739 706 696

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

200 202 219 186 167 180 171 173 206

Information(1)

98 95 94 79 69 76 75 75 66

Financial activities

260 305 309 203 192 200 186 186 178

Finance and insurance

188 249 236 142 130 134 129 126 120

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

72 56 73 62 62 65 57 60 58

Professional and business services

1,143 1,032 1,054 1,039 987 988 969 966 954

Education and health services

1,015 1,073 1,119 594 644 641 553 593 599

Educational services(1)

92 87 97 86 102 89 88 92 96

Health care and social assistance

924 985 1,021 508 541 551 465 501 504

Leisure and hospitality

691 791 770 932 986 1,022 881 969 935

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

61 87 81 149 146 175 140 155 144

Accommodation and food services

630 704 689 783 840 847 741 815 791

Other services(1)

153 167 174 237 187 227 235 184 207

Government

450 528 518 324 352 355 338 335 340

Federal(1)

65 93 78 34 41 37 36 32 33

State and local

385 435 441 290 311 319 302 303 307

State and local education

146 144 136 133 160 155 150 146 155

State and local, excluding education(1)

239 291 305 157 151 163 152 157 153





RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

3.5 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4

Total private

3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7

Mining and logging(1)

2.3 1.5 1.9 2.9 2.9 3.4 3.0 3.7 3.8

Construction(1)

2.4 2.8 3.0 5.0 4.9 4.2 5.3 5.1 4.5

Manufacturing

2.3 2.8 3.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.2

Durable goods(1)

2.3 2.3 2.7 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.1

Nondurable goods(1)

2.2 3.6 3.4 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.2 3.4 3.5 4.2 3.7 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade(1)

2.7 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.3

Retail trade

3.3 3.7 3.6 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

3.6 3.6 3.9 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.8

Information(1)

3.4 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.4

Financial activities

3.1 3.6 3.6 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1

Finance and insurance

3.0 3.9 3.7 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

3.3 2.5 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.7

Professional and business services

5.5 4.9 5.0 5.3 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7

Education and health services

4.4 4.5 4.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services(1)

2.6 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7

Health care and social assistance

4.7 4.9 5.1 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

4.4 4.9 4.7 6.2 6.4 6.6 5.8 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2.7 3.8 3.5 6.9 6.6 7.8 6.5 7.0 6.4

Accommodation and food services

4.6 5.1 4.9 6.1 6.3 6.4 5.7 6.2 6.0

Other services(1)

2.7 2.9 3.0 4.2 3.3 4.0 4.2 3.2 3.6

Government

2.0 2.3 2.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal(1)

2.3 3.2 2.7 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

State and local

2.0 2.2 2.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding education(1)

2.6 3.1 3.3 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7

Footnotes
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

5,168 5,608 5,670 5,845 5,514 5,624 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,718 5,132 5,175 5,311 4,986 5,106 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.9 4.0

Mining and logging(3)

19 10 9 14 11 13 2.3 1.3 1.3 2.0 1.5 1.9

Construction(3)

156 201 215 193 193 208 2.4 2.9 3.1 2.8 2.8 3.0

Manufacturing

284 320 337 397 350 377 2.3 2.5 2.7 3.1 2.8 3.0

Durable goods(3)

182 169 167 208 180 217 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.6 2.3 2.7

Nondurable goods(3)

103 151 170 190 170 160 2.2 3.2 3.6 4.0 3.6 3.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

898 1,026 975 1,060 970 987 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.5

Wholesale trade(3)

164 216 189 255 162 179 2.7 3.5 3.1 4.1 2.7 2.9

Retail trade

534 649 605 589 605 589 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

200 161 181 215 202 219 3.6 2.9 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.9

Information(3)

98 87 75 101 95 94 3.4 3.1 2.6 3.5 3.3 3.3

Financial activities

260 351 326 387 305 309 3.1 4.1 3.8 4.5 3.6 3.6

Finance and insurance

188 261 257 278 249 236 3.0 4.1 4.0 4.3 3.9 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

72 91 69 109 56 73 3.3 4.1 3.2 4.9 2.5 3.3

Professional and business services

1,143 1,101 1,145 961 1,032 1,054 5.5 5.2 5.4 4.6 4.9 5.0

Education and health services

1,015 1,047 1,042 1,112 1,073 1,119 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.7

Educational services(3)

92 113 85 126 87 97 2.6 3.1 2.4 3.5 2.4 2.7

Health care and social assistance

924 934 957 986 985 1,021 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.1

Leisure and hospitality

691 751 781 793 791 770 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

61 69 80 76 87 81 2.7 3.0 3.5 3.3 3.8 3.5

Accommodation and food services

630 682 701 717 704 689 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.9

Other services(3)

153 238 269 293 167 174 2.7 4.0 4.5 4.9 2.9 3.0

Government

450 475 494 534 528 518 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3

Federal(3)

65 88 90 84 93 78 2.3 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.2 2.7

State and local

385 387 404 449 435 441 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.2

State and local education

146 147 145 146 144 136 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local, excluding education(3)

239 240 259 303 291 305 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

805 895 898 915 966 904 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.3

South

2,027 2,110 2,152 2,171 1,995 2,196 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.7 4.0

Midwest

1,168 1,283 1,308 1,323 1,243 1,257 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8

West

1,168 1,319 1,311 1,435 1,310 1,267 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.2 3.9 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

5,147 5,510 5,290 5,085 5,047 5,131 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,823 5,154 4,912 4,734 4,695 4,776 4.0 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging

24 23 26 22 20 24 2.9 3.2 3.6 3.1 2.9 3.4

Construction

322 341 346 339 325 282 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.2

Manufacturing

268 276 251 269 268 283 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3

Durable goods

155 163 145 154 160 165 2.0 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1

Nondurable goods

113 113 106 115 108 118 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,126 1,182 1,094 1,031 1,019 1,034 4.2 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade

165 147 164 148 142 147 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.5

Retail trade

774 856 769 714 710 707 5.0 5.4 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

186 178 161 169 167 180 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.3

Information

79 80 74 85 69 76 2.9 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.7

Financial activities

203 234 218 202 192 200 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.4

Finance and insurance

142 164 135 132 130 134 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

62 70 83 71 62 65 3.0 3.3 3.9 3.3 2.9 3.1

Professional and business services

1,039 1,110 1,071 1,031 987 988 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.1 4.9 4.9

Education and health services

594 651 615 605 644 641 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

Educational services

86 101 82 96 102 89 2.5 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.9 2.5

Health care and social assistance

508 550 534 509 541 551 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

932 1,062 1,001 959 986 1,022 6.2 6.9 6.5 6.2 6.4 6.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

149 152 150 127 146 175 6.9 6.9 6.7 5.7 6.6 7.8

Accommodation and food services

783 909 852 832 840 847 6.1 6.9 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.4

Other services

237 195 215 191 187 227 4.2 3.4 3.8 3.4 3.3 4.0

Government

324 357 379 351 352 355 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6

Federal

34 43 40 37 41 37 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.3

State and local

290 313 339 315 311 319 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

133 152 174 152 160 155 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5

State and local, excluding education

157 161 165 162 151 163 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

775 850 829 814 777 871 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.3

South

2,052 2,083 2,069 1,969 1,907 1,854 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.5

Midwest

1,140 1,276 1,254 1,075 1,152 1,179 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.3 3.6 3.7

West

1,180 1,302 1,138 1,227 1,211 1,227 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

4,937 5,159 5,096 5,015 4,978 4,909 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,599 4,812 4,747 4,660 4,642 4,569 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7

Mining and logging

25 42 40 35 26 26 3.0 5.8 5.6 4.9 3.7 3.8

Construction

343 325 334 354 338 298 5.3 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.1 4.5

Manufacturing

268 304 288 279 294 270 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2

Durable goods

159 187 171 160 183 165 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.1

Nondurable goods

109 117 116 119 111 105 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,064 1,052 1,043 1,012 1,010 1,037 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade

154 137 145 144 132 135 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.3

Retail trade

739 751 747 702 706 696 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

171 164 151 166 173 206 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.8

Information

75 70 67 82 75 66 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.9 2.7 2.4

Financial activities

186 219 191 188 186 178 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1

Finance and insurance

129 156 116 113 126 120 2.1 2.6 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

57 63 76 74 60 58 2.7 3.0 3.6 3.5 2.8 2.7

Professional and business services

969 1,072 1,042 1,004 966 954 4.9 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.7

Education and health services

553 552 557 570 593 599 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services

88 86 73 83 92 96 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.7

Health care and social assistance

465 466 484 486 501 504 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

881 1,011 972 950 969 935 5.8 6.6 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

140 132 144 131 155 144 6.5 6.0 6.5 5.9 7.0 6.4

Accommodation and food services

741 879 828 819 815 791 5.7 6.7 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.0

Other services

235 165 213 187 184 207 4.2 2.9 3.7 3.3 3.2 3.6

Government

338 348 349 355 335 340 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

Federal

36 40 39 38 32 33 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2

State and local

302 308 310 317 303 307 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

150 167 171 165 146 155 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding education

152 141 139 153 157 153 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

732 808 797 783 749 754 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8

South

1,891 2,000 1,891 1,917 1,946 1,849 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5

Midwest

1,086 1,181 1,287 1,118 1,139 1,133 3.4 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.5

West

1,227 1,170 1,121 1,197 1,143 1,173 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

2,746 2,955 2,948 2,909 2,942 2,909 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,575 2,793 2,780 2,738 2,775 2,723 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.2

Mining and logging

13 11 15 11 12 13 1.6 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.9

Construction

108 111 158 118 120 102 1.7 1.7 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.5

Manufacturing

138 154 142 139 142 142 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

Durable goods

81 89 79 79 80 83 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1

Nondurable goods

58 65 63 59 62 59 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

620 618 656 624 623 640 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3

Wholesale trade

74 86 88 83 67 86 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.5

Retail trade

458 446 492 447 462 446 2.9 2.8 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

87 87 77 94 94 108 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7 2.0

Information

41 38 36 41 36 34 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2

Financial activities

98 130 98 106 112 104 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance

73 93 53 66 74 73 1.2 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

25 37 45 40 38 31 1.2 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.5

Professional and business services

498 577 545 558 547 536 2.5 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7

Education and health services

354 379 386 382 405 380 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7

Educational services

41 43 35 38 53 46 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance

313 335 351 344 352 335 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7

Leisure and hospitality

582 683 644 645 678 644 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

54 77 56 63 65 59 2.5 3.5 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.6

Accommodation and food services

528 606 588 582 612 585 4.1 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.4

Other services(3)

122 91 101 115 100 128 2.2 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.2

Government

171 162 168 171 168 186 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Federal

12 14 14 14 11 12 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local

159 149 154 157 156 174 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

State and local education

83 78 74 73 70 90 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9

State and local, excluding education

77 71 79 84 86 84 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9

REGION(4)

Northeast

372 415 399 339 394 388 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5

South

1,133 1,167 1,165 1,194 1,197 1,172 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2

Midwest

595 725 684 673 691 658 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0

West

646 647 700 703 661 691 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

1,783 1,808 1,768 1,708 1,701 1,643 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,676 1,687 1,650 1,586 1,594 1,555 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

Mining and logging(3)

9 27 21 20 10 9 1.1 3.7 2.9 2.8 1.4 1.4

Construction

222 202 165 217 204 183 3.5 3.0 2.5 3.3 3.1 2.7

Manufacturing

105 121 116 115 131 107 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9

Durable goods

64 83 71 66 92 69 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.9

Nondurable goods

41 38 44 49 39 38 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

351 320 287 283 301 311 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1

Wholesale trade(3)

72 42 44 49 59 38 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.6

Retail trade

212 211 183 177 177 188 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

67 67 59 57 65 85 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.6

Information

28 21 22 29 30 24 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.8

Financial activities

65 64 65 53 53 51 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6

Finance and insurance

37 41 42 28 36 31 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

28 23 23 25 17 21 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.0

Professional and business services

403 427 438 384 368 360 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.8

Education and health services

137 145 145 151 157 174 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8

Educational services

40 40 36 43 33 36 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.0

Health care and social assistance

97 104 109 109 123 138 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

264 295 295 266 261 265 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

82 53 84 65 84 83 3.8 2.4 3.8 2.9 3.8 3.7

Accommodation and food services

182 243 211 200 177 182 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4

Other services

91 66 97 67 80 70 1.6 1.2 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.2

Government

107 121 118 122 107 88 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4

Federal

11 8 12 11 11 11 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

96 113 107 111 97 77 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

State and local education

43 68 73 65 49 35 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3

State and local, excluding education

53 45 34 46 47 42 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

REGION(4)

Northeast

278 346 326 375 307 320 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2

South

601 669 569 554 615 521 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0

Midwest

413 384 519 363 372 405 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.3

West

491 408 354 416 408 398 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

407 397 380 398 334 357 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

348 332 317 336 274 290 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

2 4 4 4 5 3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5

Construction(3)

13 13 11 20 15 14 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

25 29 30 25 21 21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

14 15 21 15 11 13 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods(3)

10 14 9 10 10 8 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

93 113 101 105 87 85 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

7 9 13 12 6 11 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Retail trade

69 94 73 78 68 61 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

17 10 15 15 13 13 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Information(3)

6 11 9 12 9 8 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3

Financial activities

23 25 29 28 21 23 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance

19 22 21 19 16 17 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

4 3 8 9 5 6 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3

Professional and business services

67 68 59 61 51 58 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

62 29 26 36 31 45 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services(3)

7 2 2 3 6 14 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4

Health care and social assistance(3)

55 27 24 34 26 31 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

35 32 32 39 31 26 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)

4 2 4 3 5 2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services(3)

30 30 29 37 26 24 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Other services(3)

22 8 15 5 4 9 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Government

59 65 62 63 60 66 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

12 18 13 13 10 10 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local

47 47 49 49 50 56 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education

25 22 24 27 27 30 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

22 24 25 23 23 26 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

82 46 72 69 48 46 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

South

157 163 157 168 134 156 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest

78 72 84 82 77 70 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

West

90 116 67 78 75 85 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

5,162 5,532 5,607 3.5 3.7 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,670 5,000 5,056 3.7 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging

19 11 13 2.3 1.6 1.9

Construction

156 193 208 2.3 2.8 3.0

Manufacturing

284 350 377 2.2 2.8 3.0

Durable goods

182 180 217 2.3 2.3 2.7

Nondurable goods

103 170 160 2.2 3.6 3.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

895 975 985 3.2 3.5 3.5

Wholesale trade

164 162 179 2.7 2.7 2.9

Retail trade

531 610 587 3.3 3.7 3.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

200 202 219 3.6 3.6 3.9

Information

98 95 94 3.4 3.3 3.3

Financial activities

268 297 311 3.2 3.5 3.6

Finance and insurance

196 241 238 3.1 3.8 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

72 56 73 3.3 2.5 3.2

Professional and business services

1,126 1,020 1,048 5.4 4.8 4.9

Education and health services

955 1,055 1,060 4.2 4.4 4.5

Educational services

92 87 97 2.7 2.4 2.8

Health care and social assistance

863 968 963 4.4 4.8 4.8

Leisure and hospitality

716 837 785 4.4 5.1 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

56 117 73 2.3 4.8 2.8

Accommodation and food services

660 720 711 4.7 5.1 5.0

Other services

153 167 174 2.6 2.8 2.9

Government

492 532 551 2.2 2.3 2.4

Federal

65 93 78 2.3 3.2 2.7

State and local

427 439 474 2.2 2.2 2.4

State and local education

188 148 169 1.9 1.4 1.7

State and local, excluding education

239 291 305 2.5 3.1 3.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

810 971 909 3.0 3.5 3.3

South

2,010 1,988 2,191 3.7 3.6 4.0

Midwest

1,153 1,249 1,227 3.5 3.7 3.6

West

1,189 1,324 1,280 3.5 3.9 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

5,918 5,629 5,908 4.1 3.9 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,475 5,251 5,439 4.5 4.3 4.4

Mining and logging

29 20 29 3.6 2.9 4.1

Construction

410 417 348 6.2 6.2 5.1

Manufacturing

325 305 349 2.6 2.5 2.8

Durable goods

185 183 200 2.4 2.4 2.6

Nondurable goods

141 121 148 3.1 2.6 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,139 1,086 1,040 4.2 4.0 3.8

Wholesale trade

187 149 165 3.2 2.5 2.8

Retail trade

770 779 697 4.9 4.9 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

182 158 179 3.4 2.9 3.3

Information

94 69 90 3.4 2.5 3.2

Financial activities

237 212 231 2.9 2.6 2.8

Finance and insurance

166 143 156 2.8 2.3 2.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

71 69 75 3.3 3.2 3.5

Professional and business services

1,135 1,035 1,070 5.7 5.1 5.3

Education and health services

650 615 715 3.0 2.7 3.2

Educational services

99 71 107 3.0 2.0 3.2

Health care and social assistance

551 545 608 3.0 2.8 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

1,156 1,265 1,270 7.3 8.1 7.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

233 246 282 9.5 10.7 11.1

Accommodation and food services

923 1,019 988 6.9 7.6 7.2

Other services

299 227 298 5.2 4.0 5.2

Government

443 378 469 2.0 1.7 2.1

Federal

48 55 46 1.7 2.0 1.7

State and local

395 323 423 2.1 1.6 2.2

State and local education

116 101 129 1.2 1.0 1.3

State and local, excluding education

279 222 294 3.0 2.5 3.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

919 882 1,040 3.5 3.3 3.9

South

2,274 2,071 2,029 4.4 3.9 3.8

Midwest

1,329 1,389 1,378 4.2 4.3 4.3

West

1,396 1,287 1,461 4.3 3.9 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

5,097 4,918 5,059 3.6 3.4 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,575 4,521 4,523 3.8 3.7 3.7

Mining and logging

25 26 26 3.0 3.7 3.7

Construction

298 320 258 4.5 4.8 3.8

Manufacturing

277 281 276 2.2 2.3 2.2

Durable goods

161 174 167 2.1 2.3 2.2

Nondurable goods

115 107 109 2.5 2.3 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,014 984 981 3.8 3.6 3.6

Wholesale trade

155 129 137 2.6 2.2 2.3

Retail trade

705 699 657 4.5 4.4 4.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

154 156 186 2.9 2.9 3.4

Information

73 72 64 2.7 2.6 2.3

Financial activities

188 178 179 2.3 2.2 2.1

Finance and insurance

128 121 119 2.1 2.0 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

60 57 60 2.8 2.7 2.8

Professional and business services

976 934 934 4.9 4.6 4.6

Education and health services

632 618 697 2.9 2.7 3.1

Educational services

151 105 165 4.6 2.9 5.0

Health care and social assistance

481 512 532 2.6 2.7 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

855 927 899 5.4 5.9 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

97 124 101 4.0 5.4 4.0

Accommodation and food services

759 803 798 5.7 6.0 5.8

Other services

237 181 208 4.2 3.2 3.6

Government

522 397 536 2.4 1.8 2.4

Federal

34 30 30 1.2 1.1 1.1

State and local

488 366 506 2.5 1.9 2.6

State and local education

335 226 355 3.4 2.1 3.6

State and local, excluding education

153 140 152 1.7 1.5 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

747 664 758 2.8 2.5 2.8

South

1,994 1,988 1,928 3.8 3.8 3.6

Midwest

1,089 1,108 1,136 3.4 3.4 3.5

West

1,267 1,157 1,237 3.9 3.5 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

2,921 2,980 3,083 2.0 2.1 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,674 2,784 2,811 2.2 2.3 2.3

Mining and logging

13 12 13 1.6 1.7 1.8

Construction

118 132 109 1.8 2.0 1.6

Manufacturing

147 146 150 1.2 1.2 1.2

Durable goods

85 82 87 1.1 1.1 1.1

Nondurable goods

62 64 62 1.4 1.4 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

622 622 642 2.3 2.3 2.3

Wholesale trade

77 67 92 1.3 1.1 1.5

Retail trade

460 471 444 2.9 3.0 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

85 84 106 1.6 1.5 2.0

Information

40 34 33 1.4 1.2 1.2

Financial activities

101 114 108 1.2 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance

77 75 77 1.3 1.2 1.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

25 38 31 1.2 1.8 1.4

Professional and business services

523 549 553 2.6 2.7 2.7

Education and health services

378 409 408 1.7 1.8 1.8

Educational services

59 56 67 1.8 1.6 2.0

Health care and social assistance

319 353 341 1.7 1.8 1.8

Leisure and hospitality

609 666 667 3.9 4.2 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

57 64 62 2.3 2.8 2.4

Accommodation and food services

551 602 605 4.1 4.5 4.4

Other services

122 100 128 2.2 1.8 2.2

Government

247 196 272 1.1 0.9 1.2

Federal

12 12 12 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

235 184 260 1.2 0.9 1.4

State and local education

153 95 175 1.5 0.9 1.8

State and local, excluding education

82 90 85 0.9 1.0 0.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

391 385 400 1.5 1.4 1.5

South

1,217 1,221 1,249 2.3 2.3 2.4

Midwest

638 704 694 2.0 2.2 2.1

West

675 670 739 2.1 2.0 2.2

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

1,730 1,601 1,569 1.2 1.1 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,566 1,469 1,440 1.3 1.2 1.2

Mining and logging

9 10 9 1.1 1.4 1.4

Construction

167 173 135 2.5 2.6 2.0

Manufacturing

103 114 104 0.8 0.9 0.8

Durable goods

60 80 65 0.8 1.0 0.8

Nondurable goods

43 33 39 0.9 0.7 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

308 270 269 1.1 1.0 1.0

Wholesale trade

72 59 38 1.2 1.0 0.6

Retail trade

184 154 164 1.2 1.0 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

53 58 67 1.0 1.1 1.2

Information

27 28 23 1.0 1.0 0.8

Financial activities

62 43 47 0.8 0.5 0.6

Finance and insurance

30 29 24 0.5 0.5 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

31 14 23 1.5 0.7 1.1

Professional and business services

392 346 329 2.0 1.7 1.6

Education and health services

192 177 245 0.9 0.8 1.1

Educational services

85 44 84 2.6 1.2 2.5

Health care and social assistance

107 133 161 0.6 0.7 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

212 230 207 1.3 1.5 1.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

35 55 37 1.4 2.4 1.5

Accommodation and food services

177 175 169 1.3 1.3 1.2

Other services

92 77 72 1.6 1.4 1.2

Government

164 132 129 0.7 0.6 0.6

Federal

10 8 9 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

155 124 120 0.8 0.6 0.6

State and local education

109 94 85 1.1 0.9 0.9

State and local, excluding education

45 30 35 0.5 0.3 0.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

261 238 298 1.0 0.9 1.1

South

607 625 504 1.2 1.2 1.0

Midwest

368 328 366 1.2 1.0 1.1

West

494 410 401 1.5 1.2 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
June
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)

Total

445 337 407 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

335 268 272 0.3 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

2 4 4 0.3 0.6 0.5

Construction

13 15 14 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

26 22 22 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

16 12 15 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

10 10 8 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

83 92 70 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

6 4 8 0.1 0.1 0.1

Retail trade

61 74 49 0.4 0.5 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

17 13 13 0.3 0.2 0.2

Information

6 9 8 0.2 0.3 0.3

Financial activities

25 22 23 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance

21 17 18 0.3 0.3 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

4 5 6 0.2 0.2 0.3

Professional and business services

60 38 52 0.3 0.2 0.3

Education and health services

62 31 45 0.3 0.1 0.2

Educational services

7 6 14 0.2 0.2 0.4

Health care and social assistance

55 26 31 0.3 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

35 31 26 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

4 5 2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services

30 26 24 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services

22 4 9 0.4 0.1 0.2

Government

110 69 135 0.5 0.3 0.6

Federal

12 11 8 0.4 0.4 0.3

State and local

99 58 126 0.5 0.3 0.7

State and local education

73 38 94 0.7 0.4 0.9

State and local, excluding education

26 21 32 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

96 41 60 0.4 0.2 0.2

South

170 143 175 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest

82 76 75 0.3 0.2 0.2

West

97 77 96 0.3 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: August 10, 2016