Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, October 4, 2022    USDL-22-1966
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                                JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – AUGUST 2022

The number of job openings decreased to 10.1 million on the last business day of August, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and total separations were little changed at 6.3 million 
and 6.0 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (4.2 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.5 
million) were little changed. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 
hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size class. 
      
Job Openings

On the last business day of August, the number and rate of job openings decreased to 10.1 million 
(-1.1 million) and 6.2 percent, respectively. The largest decreases in job openings were in health care 
and social assistance (-236,000), other services (-183,000), and retail trade (-143,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In August, the number of hires was little changed at 6.3 million, and the rate was unchanged at 4.1 
percent. Hires decreased in federal government (-8,000). (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

In August, the number and rate of total separations were little changed at 6.0 million and 3.9 percent, 
respectively. Total separations increased in accommodation and food services (+175,000). (See table 3.)

In August, the number of quits was little changed at 4.2 million, and the rate was unchanged at 2.7 
percent. Quits increased in accommodation and food services (+119,000) but decreased in professional 
and business services (-94,000). (See table 4.)

In August, the number and rate of layoffs and discharges were little changed at 1.5 million and 1.0 
percent, respectively. Layoffs and discharges were little changed in all industries. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in August at 358,000. Other separations decreased 
in information (-6,000) and in federal government (-3,000). (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In August, the job openings rate decreased in all establishment size classes except those with 9 or less 
employees, which changed little. Both the layoffs and discharges rate and the total separations rate 
decreased in establishments with 250 to 999 employees. The quits rate increased in establishments with 
1,000 to 4,999 employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class 
estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for September 2022 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, November 1, 2022, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category	Job openings			Hires			Total separations
	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY (in thousands)
Total	10,629	11,170	10,053	6,362	6,238	6,277	5,913	5,794	5,976
Total private	9,782	10,065	9,037	6,005	5,846	5,880	5,577	5,450	5,607
Mining and logging	33	35	35	21	25	27	17	19	19
Construction	362	353	407	371	384	373	375	355	360
Manufacturing	873	910	795	463	428	452	420	414	417
Durable goods	491	530	477	261	240	258	234	226	232
Nondurable goods	382	380	318	202	188	194	186	188	184
Trade, transportation, and utilities	2,018	1,778	1,638	1,382	1,277	1,289	1,353	1,199	1,252
Wholesale trade	288	278	325	187	165	171	187	153	154
Retail trade	1,177	946	803	896	782	774	919	743	773
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	553	554	510	298	330	345	247	303	326
Information	185	222	205	118	101	111	94	90	100
Financial activities	466	641	524	206	223	225	202	206	218
Finance and insurance	306	474	347	131	148	151	131	136	146
Real estate and rental and leasing	159	167	177	75	76	74	72	70	72
Professional and business services	1,892	1,991	1,872	1,204	1,258	1,204	1,140	1,220	1,134
Education and health services	1,797	2,165	1,885	786	862	803	742	737	715
Educational services	160	207	163	107	103	85	87	80	77
Health care and social assistance	1,638	1,958	1,722	679	760	717	655	657	638
Leisure and hospitality	1,718	1,516	1,405	1,234	1,071	1,131	1,052	1,006	1,155
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	208	203	193	169	160	139	140	159	134
Accommodation and food services	1,510	1,313	1,213	1,064	911	991	912	847	1,022
Other services	437	454	271	219	217	266	182	204	237
Government	847	1,104	1,016	357	392	398	336	344	369
Federal	135	158	129	44	45	37	45	40	39
State and local	712	946	888	313	348	360	291	304	330
State and local education	285	335	292	165	169	164	148	150	164
State and local, excluding education	427	611	596	148	179	197	143	153	166
RATES BY INDUSTRY (percent)
Total	6.7	6.8	6.2	4.3	4.1	4.1	4.0	3.8	3.9
Total private	7.3	7.2	6.5	4.8	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.2	4.3
Mining and logging	5.4	5.3	5.1	3.7	4.0	4.2	3.0	3.0	3.0
Construction	4.7	4.4	5.0	5.0	5.0	4.8	5.1	4.6	4.7
Manufacturing	6.6	6.6	5.8	3.7	3.3	3.5	3.4	3.2	3.2
Durable goods	6.0	6.2	5.6	3.4	3.0	3.2	3.0	2.8	2.9
Nondurable goods	7.5	7.2	6.1	4.3	3.9	4.0	4.0	3.9	3.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	6.8	5.8	5.4	5.0	4.4	4.5	4.9	4.2	4.3
Wholesale trade	4.8	4.5	5.2	3.3	2.8	2.9	3.3	2.6	2.6
Retail trade	7.1	5.6	4.8	5.8	4.9	4.9	6.0	4.7	4.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	7.7	7.3	6.7	4.5	4.7	4.9	3.7	4.3	4.6
Information	6.1	6.8	6.3	4.1	3.3	3.7	3.3	3.0	3.3
Financial activities	5.0	6.7	5.5	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.4
Finance and insurance	4.5	6.7	5.0	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.0	2.1	2.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	6.6	6.6	7.0	3.3	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.0	3.1
Professional and business services	8.2	8.2	7.7	5.7	5.6	5.4	5.3	5.5	5.1
Education and health services	7.0	8.1	7.1	3.3	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.0	2.9
Educational services	4.2	5.1	4.1	2.9	2.7	2.2	2.4	2.1	2.0
Health care and social assistance	7.5	8.7	7.7	3.4	3.7	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.1
Leisure and hospitality	10.6	8.8	8.2	8.5	6.8	7.2	7.3	6.4	7.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	9.2	8.1	7.7	8.3	6.9	6.0	6.8	6.9	5.8
Accommodation and food services	10.9	8.9	8.3	8.6	6.8	7.4	7.4	6.3	7.6
Other services	7.4	7.4	4.5	4.0	3.8	4.7	3.3	3.6	4.2
Government	3.7	4.7	4.4	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.5	1.5	1.7
Federal	4.5	5.2	4.3	1.5	1.6	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.4
State and local	3.6	4.7	4.4	1.6	1.8	1.9	1.5	1.6	1.7
State and local education	2.7	3.1	2.8	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.5	1.6
State and local, excluding education	4.5	6.3	6.2	1.6	2.0	2.2	1.6	1.7	1.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, 
other separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in 
accordance with the North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working.

Job Openings.  Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires.  Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations.  Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 
establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size class. The 
establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state unemployment insurance 
laws and federal agencies subject to the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates 
of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the 
levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

Birth/death model.  The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. Also within the first year, new businesses may go out of business, 
referred to as a death. Because not all births and deaths of establishments can be reflected on the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from them during their early 
existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity from previous 
years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to the 
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment.  The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences as well as sampling and non- sampling errors between the two surveys historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and re-seasonally adjust.

Seasonal adjustment.  BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment 
methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up 
to and including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trends (hires minus 
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates.  The JOLTS estimates are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment 
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-
adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The 
seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment 
factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS 
data series, for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 
approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are 
published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news release each year. Annual 
estimates are not calculated for job openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the 
last business day of each month.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs when a sample 
is surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 
the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 
estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of 
sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons 
including: the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 
made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 
services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	10,629	11,681	11,303	11,040	11,170	10,053	6.7	7.2	6.9	6.8	6.8	6.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	9,782	10,627	10,275	10,054	10,065	9,037	7.3	7.6	7.4	7.2	7.2	6.5
Mining and logging	33	41	36	38	35	35	5.4	6.3	5.4	5.6	5.3	5.1
Construction	362	440	405	353	353	407	4.7	5.5	5.0	4.4	4.4	5.0
Manufacturing	873	1,017	816	850	910	795	6.6	7.4	6.0	6.2	6.6	5.8
Durable goods	491	625	505	558	530	477	6.0	7.3	6.0	6.6	6.2	5.6
Nondurable goods	382	392	311	293	380	318	7.5	7.5	6.0	5.7	7.2	6.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	2,018	1,886	2,108	1,653	1,778	1,638	6.8	6.2	6.8	5.4	5.8	5.4
Wholesale trade	288	300	371	276	278	325	4.8	4.9	6.0	4.5	4.5	5.2
Retail trade	1,177	1,040	1,185	885	946	803	7.1	6.2	7.0	5.3	5.6	4.8
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	553	546	551	492	554	510	7.7	7.2	7.2	6.5	7.3	6.7
Information	185	265	248	239	222	205	6.1	8.2	7.7	7.4	6.8	6.3
Financial activities	466	511	524	622	641	524	5.0	5.4	5.5	6.5	6.7	5.5
Finance and insurance	306	360	370	476	474	347	4.5	5.2	5.3	6.7	6.7	5.0
Real estate and rental and leasing	159	151	154	145	167	177	6.6	6.0	6.1	5.8	6.6	7.0
Professional and business services	1,892	2,327	2,007	2,127	1,991	1,872	8.2	9.5	8.3	8.7	8.2	7.7
Education and health services	1,797	2,152	2,147	2,222	2,165	1,885	7.0	8.2	8.1	8.4	8.1	7.1
Educational services	160	205	179	196	207	163	4.2	5.2	4.5	4.9	5.1	4.1
Health care and social assistance	1,638	1,946	1,967	2,026	1,958	1,722	7.5	8.7	8.8	9.0	8.7	7.7
Leisure and hospitality	1,718	1,498	1,542	1,494	1,516	1,405	10.6	8.8	9.0	8.7	8.8	8.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	208	171	157	152	203	193	9.2	7.0	6.4	6.2	8.1	7.7
Accommodation and food services	1,510	1,327	1,385	1,343	1,313	1,213	10.9	9.1	9.4	9.1	8.9	8.3
Other services	437	490	442	456	454	271	7.4	7.9	7.2	7.4	7.4	4.5
Government	847	1,054	1,028	986	1,104	1,016	3.7	4.5	4.4	4.2	4.7	4.4
Federal	135	125	121	114	158	129	4.5	4.2	4.1	3.8	5.2	4.3
State and local	712	929	907	872	946	888	3.6	4.6	4.5	4.3	4.7	4.4
State and local education	285	366	362	318	335	292	2.7	3.4	3.4	3.0	3.1	2.8
State and local, excluding education	427	563	545	554	611	596	4.5	5.9	5.7	5.8	6.3	6.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,830	1,911	1,933	1,870	1,776	1,661	6.5	6.6	6.7	6.5	6.1	5.8
South	4,135	4,503	4,237	4,330	4,322	4,066	7.0	7.4	7.0	7.1	7.1	6.7
Midwest	2,257	2,684	2,479	2,433	2,487	1,889	6.6	7.6	7.0	6.9	7.0	5.4
West	2,406	2,582	2,655	2,407	2,584	2,438	6.6	6.8	7.0	6.4	6.8	6.4
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	6,362	6,527	6,507	6,456	6,238	6,277	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.1	4.1
INDUSTRY
Total private	6,005	6,127	6,098	6,033	5,846	5,880	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.5
Mining and logging	21	24	26	30	25	27	3.7	4.0	4.3	4.8	4.0	4.2
Construction	371	349	359	352	384	373	5.0	4.6	4.7	4.6	5.0	4.8
Manufacturing	463	497	468	481	428	452	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.8	3.3	3.5
Durable goods	261	273	249	245	240	258	3.4	3.5	3.1	3.1	3.0	3.2
Nondurable goods	202	223	219	236	188	194	4.3	4.6	4.5	4.9	3.9	4.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,382	1,351	1,324	1,277	1,277	1,289	5.0	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.4	4.5
Wholesale trade	187	191	196	171	165	171	3.3	3.3	3.4	2.9	2.8	2.9
Retail trade	896	831	791	790	782	774	5.8	5.3	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	298	328	336	316	330	345	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.5	4.7	4.9
Information	118	102	105	116	101	111	4.1	3.5	3.5	3.9	3.3	3.7
Financial activities	206	277	233	210	223	225	2.3	3.1	2.6	2.4	2.5	2.5
Finance and insurance	131	188	155	145	148	151	2.0	2.8	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	75	90	79	65	76	74	3.3	3.8	3.3	2.8	3.2	3.1
Professional and business services	1,204	1,328	1,303	1,263	1,258	1,204	5.7	6.0	5.9	5.7	5.6	5.4
Education and health services	786	852	899	914	862	803	3.3	3.5	3.7	3.8	3.5	3.3
Educational services	107	110	126	111	103	85	2.9	2.9	3.3	2.9	2.7	2.2
Health care and social assistance	679	742	773	803	760	717	3.4	3.6	3.8	3.9	3.7	3.5
Leisure and hospitality	1,234	1,111	1,148	1,167	1,071	1,131	8.5	7.1	7.4	7.4	6.8	7.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	169	167	172	180	160	139	8.3	7.3	7.5	7.8	6.9	6.0
Accommodation and food services	1,064	944	976	987	911	991	8.6	7.1	7.3	7.4	6.8	7.4
Other services	219	235	235	221	217	266	4.0	4.1	4.1	3.9	3.8	4.7
Government	357	400	409	423	392	398	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8
Federal	44	42	42	43	45	37	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.3
State and local	313	358	367	380	348	360	1.6	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.8	1.9
State and local education	165	181	188	193	169	164	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.6
State and local, excluding education	148	177	178	187	179	197	1.6	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.2
REGION(3)
Northeast	939	963	981	933	906	889	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.3
South	2,620	2,741	2,711	2,700	2,612	2,637	4.8	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.6	4.6
Midwest	1,356	1,293	1,337	1,373	1,328	1,330	4.3	3.9	4.1	4.2	4.0	4.0
West	1,448	1,530	1,479	1,450	1,393	1,421	4.2	4.3	4.2	4.1	3.9	4.0
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	5,913	5,965	6,017	6,009	5,794	5,976	4.0	3.9	4.0	4.0	3.8	3.9
INDUSTRY
Total private	5,577	5,593	5,649	5,619	5,450	5,607	4.5	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.3
Mining and logging	17	17	23	21	19	19	3.0	2.8	3.7	3.3	3.0	3.0
Construction	375	341	336	325	355	360	5.1	4.5	4.4	4.2	4.6	4.7
Manufacturing	420	462	438	446	414	417	3.4	3.6	3.4	3.5	3.2	3.2
Durable goods	234	248	229	239	226	232	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9
Nondurable goods	186	214	209	207	188	184	4.0	4.4	4.3	4.3	3.9	3.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,353	1,244	1,231	1,194	1,199	1,252	4.9	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.3
Wholesale trade	187	172	185	161	153	154	3.3	2.9	3.1	2.7	2.6	2.6
Retail trade	919	793	776	746	743	773	6.0	5.0	4.9	4.7	4.7	4.9
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	247	279	271	287	303	326	3.7	4.0	3.8	4.1	4.3	4.6
Information	94	84	86	95	90	100	3.3	2.8	2.9	3.1	3.0	3.3
Financial activities	202	249	220	201	206	218	2.3	2.8	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.4
Finance and insurance	131	152	151	144	136	146	2.0	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.2
Real estate and rental and leasing	72	97	70	58	70	72	3.2	4.1	2.9	2.4	3.0	3.1
Professional and business services	1,140	1,192	1,193	1,229	1,220	1,134	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.1
Education and health services	742	777	824	806	737	715	3.1	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.0	2.9
Educational services	87	94	97	82	80	77	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.2	2.1	2.0
Health care and social assistance	655	683	728	723	657	638	3.3	3.3	3.6	3.5	3.2	3.1
Leisure and hospitality	1,052	1,000	1,069	1,074	1,006	1,155	7.3	6.4	6.9	6.9	6.4	7.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	140	141	161	156	159	134	6.8	6.2	7.0	6.8	6.9	5.8
Accommodation and food services	912	859	908	918	847	1,022	7.4	6.5	6.8	6.9	6.3	7.6
Other services	182	228	228	229	204	237	3.3	4.0	4.0	4.0	3.6	4.2
Government	336	373	368	390	344	369	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.5	1.7
Federal	45	43	46	47	40	39	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.4
State and local	291	330	323	343	304	330	1.5	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.7
State and local education	148	168	150	169	150	164	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.6
State and local, excluding education	143	162	173	174	153	166	1.6	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.7	1.8
REGION(3)
Northeast	845	900	857	845	870	854	3.2	3.3	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.1
South	2,406	2,482	2,511	2,619	2,447	2,674	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.6	4.3	4.7
Midwest	1,301	1,274	1,216	1,230	1,208	1,132	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.4
West	1,362	1,309	1,432	1,315	1,268	1,316	4.0	3.7	4.1	3.7	3.6	3.7
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	4,126	4,327	4,274	4,253	4,058	4,158	2.8	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.7
INDUSTRY
Total private	3,925	4,088	4,048	4,012	3,850	3,937	3.1	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.0	3.0
Mining and logging	10	13	17	16	13	13	1.7	2.2	2.7	2.5	2.1	2.0
Construction	189	213	230	181	210	229	2.6	2.8	3.0	2.4	2.7	3.0
Manufacturing	283	333	317	327	287	285	2.3	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.2	2.2
Durable goods	157	176	164	173	161	160	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.0	2.0
Nondurable goods	126	157	153	154	127	124	2.7	3.3	3.2	3.2	2.6	2.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	995	956	916	933	869	867	3.6	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.0	3.0
Wholesale trade	145	123	113	121	90	94	2.5	2.1	1.9	2.1	1.5	1.6
Retail trade	674	645	611	603	578	565	4.4	4.1	3.9	3.8	3.7	3.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	176	188	192	209	200	208	2.6	2.7	2.7	3.0	2.8	2.9
Information	51	51	52	62	44	57	1.8	1.7	1.8	2.1	1.5	1.9
Financial activities	123	193	132	142	156	152	1.4	2.2	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.7
Finance and insurance	82	112	85	101	109	100	1.3	1.7	1.3	1.5	1.6	1.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	41	80	47	41	47	52	1.8	3.4	2.0	1.8	2.0	2.2
Professional and business services	745	783	766	763	776	682	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.5	3.0
Education and health services	585	604	624	609	534	538	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.2	2.2
Educational services	55	73	68	58	52	52	1.5	1.9	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.4
Health care and social assistance	530	530	555	551	482	486	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.3	2.3
Leisure and hospitality	821	803	859	827	833	956	5.7	5.2	5.5	5.3	5.3	6.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	81	73	89	78	83	88	3.9	3.2	3.9	3.4	3.6	3.8
Accommodation and food services	741	730	770	749	750	869	6.0	5.5	5.8	5.6	5.6	6.5
Other services	123	139	136	151	127	157	2.2	2.5	2.4	2.7	2.2	2.8
Government	201	239	225	241	208	221	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.9	1.0
Federal	23	23	23	23	21	22	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8
State and local	178	216	203	218	187	199	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0
State and local education	93	109	96	110	97	101	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.0
State and local, excluding education	85	107	106	108	90	98	0.9	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	573	592	573	543	581	580	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.1
South	1,718	1,806	1,840	1,963	1,746	1,911	3.1	3.2	3.3	3.5	3.1	3.4
Midwest	922	936	871	829	831	760	2.9	2.9	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.3
West	913	993	990	918	900	907	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.6	2.5	2.6
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	1,404	1,312	1,416	1,400	1,390	1,460	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,334	1,243	1,335	1,317	1,317	1,375	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1
Mining and logging	6	3	5	4	5	5	1.1	0.5	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.8
Construction	161	116	97	135	134	125	2.2	1.5	1.3	1.8	1.7	1.6
Manufacturing	109	107	101	96	97	100	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8
Durable goods	59	58	52	49	46	52	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6
Nondurable goods	50	49	49	46	51	49	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	284	233	262	209	268	305	1.0	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.9	1.1
Wholesale trade	32	38	61	34	48	48	0.6	0.7	1.0	0.6	0.8	0.8
Retail trade	196	124	134	117	139	167	1.3	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.9	1.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	56	71	66	58	81	91	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8	1.1	1.3
Information	32	27	28	27	34	37	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.2
Financial activities	52	31	56	38	30	39	0.6	0.3	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.4
Finance and insurance	29	17	44	25	12	23	0.4	0.3	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	23	14	11	13	18	16	1.0	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.7
Professional and business services	314	338	351	379	364	379	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.7
Education and health services	121	131	162	152	158	138	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6
Educational services	27	14	25	19	23	19	0.7	0.4	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.5
Health care and social assistance	94	117	137	133	135	119	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6
Leisure and hospitality	202	178	191	209	162	176	1.4	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.0	1.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	57	64	69	76	75	43	2.8	2.8	3.0	3.3	3.2	1.8
Accommodation and food services	145	114	123	133	87	133	1.2	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.6	1.0
Other services	54	79	81	69	66	70	1.0	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.2
Government	70	69	81	83	73	85	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4
Federal	8	6	10	7	6	6	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2
State and local	62	62	70	76	68	79	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4
State and local education	33	31	35	34	30	34	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
State and local, excluding education	29	32	36	42	37	45	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.5
REGION(3)
Northeast	211	259	234	261	234	209	0.8	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.8
South	531	536	556	492	574	616	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.1
Midwest	299	267	278	334	323	305	0.9	0.8	0.8	1.0	1.0	0.9
West	363	249	349	313	259	330	1.1	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.7	0.9
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)						Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	Apr. 2022	May 2022	June 2022	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	383	327	328	356	346	358	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	318	262	265	290	283	295	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mining and logging	1	1	1	1	1	1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2
Construction	25	12	9	10	11	6	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Manufacturing	29	22	20	22	30	32	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Durable goods	18	14	13	16	19	20	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nondurable goods	11	8	7	6	11	12	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	75	56	53	52	62	79	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
Wholesale trade	10	11	10	5	15	11	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2
Retail trade	49	24	30	26	25	41	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	15	21	13	21	22	27	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4
Information	11	5	6	5	12	6	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.2
Financial activities	27	25	33	21	20	26	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.3
Finance and insurance	20	22	21	18	15	22	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	7	2	12	3	5	4	0.3	0.1	0.5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Professional and business services	81	71	76	87	81	72	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3
Education and health services	36	42	39	45	45	39	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Educational services	5	6	3	5	5	7	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
Health care and social assistance	30	36	35	40	40	33	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	29	18	19	38	11	24	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2	4	3	2	1	3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Accommodation and food services	27	15	16	36	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.2
Other services	5	10	10	9	11	10	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Government	65	65	63	66	62	63	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Federal	15	13	13	17	13	10	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.4
State and local	50	52	49	49	50	52	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
State and local education	21	28	19	25	23	29	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
State and local, excluding education	29	24	31	24	26	23	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	60	48	50	41	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
South	157	140	116	163	127	148	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3
Midwest	80	71	68	67	54	67	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
West	86	66	94	84	110	78	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	10,924	12,140	10,166	6.9	7.4	6.2
INDUSTRY
Total private	10,062	10,956	9,157	7.4	7.7	6.5
Mining and logging	36	38	37	5.8	5.6	5.4
Construction	390	369	437	4.9	4.5	5.2
Manufacturing	885	933	801	6.6	6.7	5.8
Durable goods	502	543	483	6.1	6.4	5.7
Nondurable goods	383	390	319	7.5	7.4	6.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	2,188	1,979	1,763	7.3	6.5	5.8
Wholesale trade	274	301	319	4.6	4.8	5.1
Retail trade	1,358	1,094	939	8.1	6.5	5.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	556	585	505	7.8	7.8	6.8
Information	182	237	197	5.9	7.2	6.1
Financial activities	452	681	518	4.9	7.0	5.4
Finance and insurance	296	501	333	4.3	7.0	4.8
Real estate and rental and leasing	156	180	185	6.3	7.0	7.2
Professional and business services	1,931	2,154	1,882	8.3	8.8	7.7
Education and health services	1,771	2,376	1,820	7.0	8.9	7.0
Educational services	160	249	156	4.5	6.6	4.2
Health care and social assistance	1,612	2,127	1,664	7.4	9.3	7.4
Leisure and hospitality	1,794	1,717	1,434	10.6	9.4	8.0
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	207	219	195	8.2	7.7	7.0
Accommodation and food services	1,587	1,498	1,239	11.0	9.7	8.2
Other services	433	472	269	7.2	7.5	4.5
Government	862	1,184	1,008	3.9	5.3	4.5
Federal	138	161	130	4.6	5.3	4.3
State and local	724	1,023	878	3.8	5.3	4.5
State and local education	289	412	273	3.0	4.4	2.9
State and local, excluding education	435	611	605	4.5	6.2	6.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,877	1,892	1,666	6.7	6.6	5.8
South	4,237	4,720	4,115	7.2	7.7	6.7
Midwest	2,306	2,638	1,911	6.8	7.4	5.5
West	2,505	2,890	2,473	6.8	7.5	6.5
Footnotes (1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. (2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	7,120	6,914	6,995	4.8	4.5	4.6
INDUSTRY
Total private	6,483	6,465	6,333	5.2	4.9	4.8
Mining and logging	22	27	28	3.8	4.1	4.3
Construction	374	440	378	4.9	5.6	4.8
Manufacturing	513	472	494	4.1	3.7	3.8
Durable goods	281	255	278	3.6	3.2	3.5
Nondurable goods	232	216	216	4.9	4.4	4.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,520	1,329	1,441	5.5	4.6	5.0
Wholesale trade	197	188	177	3.4	3.2	3.0
Retail trade	1,041	805	886	6.8	5.1	5.6
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	282	336	378	4.3	4.8	5.4
Information	126	106	121	4.4	3.5	4.0
Financial activities	213	250	231	2.4	2.8	2.6
Finance and insurance	136	164	155	2.1	2.5	2.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	77	86	76	3.3	3.6	3.2
Professional and business services	1,219	1,393	1,184	5.7	6.2	5.3
Education and health services	941	1,000	928	4.0	4.1	3.8
Educational services	177	134	150	5.2	3.8	4.2
Health care and social assistance	764	866	779	3.8	4.2	3.8
Leisure and hospitality	1,332	1,207	1,245	8.8	7.3	7.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	151	181	116	6.5	6.8	4.5
Accommodation and food services	1,181	1,027	1,129	9.2	7.4	8.1
Other services	223	242	283	4.0	4.2	4.9
Government	637	449	662	3.0	2.1	3.1
Federal	50	49	40	1.7	1.7	1.4
State and local	587	400	622	3.2	2.2	3.4
State and local education	442	189	424	4.8	2.1	4.6
State and local, excluding education	146	211	198	1.6	2.3	2.1
REGION(3)
Northeast	965	1,106	892	3.7	4.1	3.3
South	3,016	2,840	3,035	5.5	5.0	5.3
Midwest	1,485	1,428	1,460	4.7	4.3	4.4
West	1,654	1,539	1,609	4.8	4.3	4.5
Footnotes (1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. (2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	7,032	6,407	7,092	4.8	4.2	4.6
INDUSTRY
Total private	6,532	5,998	6,538	5.2	4.6	5.0
Mining and logging	19	20	22	3.2	3.2	3.3
Construction	422	390	417	5.5	4.9	5.3
Manufacturing	518	441	497	4.2	3.4	3.8
Durable goods	294	239	284	3.8	3.0	3.5
Nondurable goods	224	202	213	4.8	4.1	4.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,594	1,262	1,495	5.8	4.4	5.2
Wholesale trade	216	164	179	3.8	2.8	3.0
Retail trade	1,126	785	963	7.3	5.0	6.1
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	252	314	353	3.8	4.5	5.1
Information	105	92	115	3.7	3.0	3.8
Financial activities	256	233	276	2.9	2.6	3.1
Finance and insurance	175	144	188	2.7	2.2	2.8
Real estate and rental and leasing	81	89	88	3.5	3.7	3.7
Professional and business services	1,197	1,307	1,181	5.6	5.8	5.2
Education and health services	863	864	797	3.7	3.6	3.3
Educational services	141	106	119	4.2	3.0	3.4
Health care and social assistance	722	758	678	3.6	3.7	3.3
Leisure and hospitality	1,333	1,149	1,452	8.8	6.9	8.8
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	223	157	212	9.6	5.9	8.2
Accommodation and food services	1,110	992	1,240	8.6	7.1	8.9
Other services	225	238	288	4.0	4.1	5.0
Government	500	409	554	2.3	1.9	2.6
Federal	52	38	45	1.8	1.3	1.6
State and local	448	371	509	2.4	2.0	2.7
State and local education	237	211	258	2.6	2.4	2.8
State and local, excluding education	210	160	250	2.3	1.7	2.7
REGION(3)
Northeast	1,047	934	1,048	4.0	3.5	3.9
South	2,753	2,692	3,087	5.0	4.7	5.4
Midwest	1,605	1,320	1,374	5.0	4.0	4.2
West	1,626	1,460	1,584	4.7	4.1	4.4
Footnotes (1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. (2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	5,141	4,665	5,122	3.5	3.1	3.4
INDUSTRY
Total private	4,837	4,425	4,796	3.8	3.4	3.7
Mining and logging	12	15	15	2.1	2.4	2.3
Construction	235	262	281	3.1	3.3	3.5
Manufacturing	374	312	357	3.0	2.4	2.8
Durable goods	210	172	206	2.7	2.1	2.6
Nondurable goods	164	140	152	3.5	2.9	3.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	1,238	958	1,075	4.5	3.3	3.8
Wholesale trade	177	99	119	3.1	1.7	2.0
Retail trade	868	628	711	5.6	4.0	4.5
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	193	232	244	2.9	3.3	3.5
Information	65	50	71	2.2	1.6	2.3
Financial activities	160	173	190	1.8	1.9	2.1
Finance and insurance	112	118	129	1.7	1.8	1.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	48	55	62	2.1	2.3	2.6
Professional and business services	835	869	763	3.9	3.9	3.4
Education and health services	701	629	627	3.0	2.6	2.6
Educational services	88	69	80	2.6	1.9	2.3
Health care and social assistance	613	560	547	3.1	2.7	2.6
Leisure and hospitality	1,064	997	1,216	7.0	6.0	7.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	144	102	156	6.2	3.9	6.0
Accommodation and food services	920	895	1,060	7.2	6.4	7.6
Other services	154	159	200	2.8	2.7	3.5
Government	303	241	325	1.4	1.1	1.5
Federal	26	19	26	0.9	0.7	0.9
State and local	278	222	299	1.5	1.2	1.6
State and local education	162	121	171	1.8	1.3	1.8
State and local, excluding education	115	101	128	1.3	1.1	1.4
REGION(3)
Northeast	724	667	735	2.8	2.5	2.7
South	2,027	1,972	2,256	3.7	3.5	4.0
Midwest	1,213	969	982	3.8	2.9	3.0
West	1,177	1,057	1,149	3.4	3.0	3.2
Footnotes (1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. (2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	1,483	1,359	1,574	1.0	0.9	1.0
INDUSTRY
Total private	1,363	1,272	1,420	1.1	1.0	1.1
Mining and logging	6	4	6	1.0	0.7	0.9
Construction	162	116	129	2.1	1.5	1.6
Manufacturing	118	96	106	0.9	0.7	0.8
Durable goods	69	45	58	0.9	0.6	0.7
Nondurable goods	49	51	48	1.0	1.0	1.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	277	240	331	1.0	0.8	1.2
Wholesale trade	29	49	48	0.5	0.8	0.8
Retail trade	204	130	201	1.3	0.8	1.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	44	61	83	0.7	0.9	1.2
Information	30	32	39	1.0	1.0	1.3
Financial activities	64	38	50	0.7	0.4	0.5
Finance and insurance	38	12	31	0.6	0.2	0.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	26	26	18	1.1	1.1	0.8
Professional and business services	284	350	350	1.3	1.6	1.6
Education and health services	122	190	127	0.5	0.8	0.5
Educational services	45	30	29	1.3	0.8	0.8
Health care and social assistance	77	160	98	0.4	0.8	0.5
Leisure and hospitality	234	141	207	1.5	0.9	1.3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	75	54	51	3.2	2.0	2.0
Accommodation and food services	159	87	156	1.2	0.6	1.1
Other services	66	66	76	1.2	1.1	1.3
Government	120	87	154	0.6	0.4	0.7
Federal	8	6	7	0.3	0.2	0.2
State and local	112	82	147	0.6	0.4	0.8
State and local education	49	53	51	0.5	0.6	0.5
State and local, excluding education	62	29	97	0.7	0.3	1.0
REGION(3)
Northeast	259	204	241	1.0	0.8	0.9
South	553	598	655	1.0	1.1	1.2
Midwest	302	296	315	0.9	0.9	1.0
West	368	262	363	1.1	0.7	1.0
Footnotes (1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. (2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary

Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry and region	Levels (in thousands)			Rates(2)
	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)	Aug. 2021	July 2022	Aug. 2022(p)
Total	408	383	397	0.3	0.3	0.3
INDUSTRY
Total private	331	301	322	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mining and logging	1	0	1	0.2	0.1	0.2
Construction	26	12	6	0.3	0.2	0.1
Manufacturing	26	34	33	0.2	0.3	0.3
Durable goods	15	22	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nondurable goods	11	11	13	0.2	0.2	0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	79	64	88	0.3	0.2	0.3
Wholesale trade	10	16	11	0.2	0.3	0.2
Retail trade	54	28	51	0.3	0.2	0.3
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities	15	20	26	0.2	0.3	0.4
Information	11	11	5	0.4	0.4	0.2
Financial activities	31	22	36	0.4	0.2	0.4
Finance and insurance	24	14	28	0.4	0.2	0.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	7	9	8	0.3	0.4	0.3
Professional and business services	78	88	68	0.4	0.4	0.3
Education and health services	40	45	43	0.2	0.2	0.2
Educational services	8	7	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
Health care and social assistance	32	38	33	0.2	0.2	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	34	11	28	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	4	1	5	0.2	0.1	0.2
Accommodation and food services	31	10	23	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other services	5	13	13	0.1	0.2	0.2
Government	77	81	75	0.4	0.4	0.3
Federal	18	14	12	0.6	0.5	0.4
State and local	58	67	62	0.3	0.4	0.3
State and local education	26	37	37	0.3	0.4	0.4
State and local, excluding education	33	30	26	0.4	0.3	0.3
REGION(3)
Northeast	64	63	72	0.2	0.2	0.3
South	173	123	176	0.3	0.2	0.3
Midwest	90	56	77	0.3	0.2	0.2
West	81	140	72	0.2	0.4	0.2
Footnotes (1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. (2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. (3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.