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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, October 11, 2017	USDL-17-1366

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – AUGUST 2017

The number of job openings was little changed at 6.1 million on the last business day of August, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were also little 
changed at 5.4 million and 5.2 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate and the layoffs 
and discharges rate were little changed at 2.1 percent and 1.2 percent, respectively. This release includes 
estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by 
industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

On the last business day of August, there were 6.1 million job openings, little changed from July. The 
job openings rate was 4.0 percent in August. The number of job openings was little changed for total 
private and for government. Job openings increased in health care and social assistance (+71,000) and in 
durable goods manufacturing (+31,000). Job openings decreased in other services (-95,000), educational 
services (-51,000), and nondurable goods manufacturing (-48,000). The number of job openings 
increased in the Midwest region. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was little changed at 5.4 million in August. The hires rate was 3.7 percent. The 
number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. The number of hires was little 
changed in all industries. Hires decreased in the Northeast region. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations was little changed at 5.2 million in August. The total separations rate 
was 3.6 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and for government. 
Total separations was little changed in all industries. The number of total separations decreased in the 
South region. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed at 3.1 million in August. The quits rate was 2.1 percent. The 
number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. Quits decreased in information 
(-14,000) and mining and logging (-6,000). In the regions, the number of quits increased in the West but 
decreased in the South. (See table 4.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in August, little changed from July. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.2 percent in August. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed for 
total private and for government. The layoffs and discharges level decreased in state and local 
government education (-11,000) and federal government (-4,000). The number of layoffs and discharges 
was little changed in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in August. Other separations was little changed for 
total private and for government. Other separations was also little changed in all industries and regions. 
(See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in August, hires totaled 63.8 million and 
separations totaled 61.7 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.1 million. These totals include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for September 2017 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, November 7, 2017 at 10:00 a.m. (EST).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

5,491 6,140 6,082 5,288 5,521 5,430 5,059 5,362 5,228

Total private

4,981 5,625 5,566 4,909 5,175 5,105 4,706 5,012 4,892

Mining and logging(1)

12 24 24 30 35 36 28 29 28

Construction(1)

184 237 247 339 354 387 330 367 350

Manufacturing

339 414 397 268 353 352 270 320 304

Durable goods(1)

185 207 238 145 205 212 156 181 178

Nondurable goods(1)

154 207 159 123 148 140 114 139 125

Trade, transportation, and utilities

997 1,074 1,096 1,089 1,023 1,019 1,020 1,015 995

Wholesale trade(1)

169 230 203 167 145 143 155 150 140

Retail trade

614 618 647 727 687 677 693 682 662

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

215 226 247 195 192 199 172 184 193

Information(1)

87 93 107 74 77 73 70 87 79

Financial activities

332 362 363 188 206 213 179 200 212

Finance and insurance

249 279 270 131 137 133 120 125 130

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

82 83 92 57 69 79 59 75 82

Professional and business services

1,036 1,088 1,078 1,104 1,200 1,135 1,036 1,127 1,062

Education and health services

1,049 1,164 1,184 644 669 653 600 616 636

Educational services(1)

89 144 93 94 88 89 87 79 82

Health care and social assistance

960 1,020 1,091 550 581 564 514 537 554

Leisure and hospitality

750 839 837 1,000 1,021 1,015 971 991 985

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75 84 75 158 171 163 166 188 164

Accommodation and food services

674 755 762 842 850 853 805 803 821

Other services(1)

195 330 235 173 235 221 201 260 240

Government

511 515 516 378 346 325 353 351 336

Federal(1)

85 83 72 41 38 35 37 41 36

State and local

426 432 443 338 308 290 316 310 300

State and local education

145 155 145 163 149 136 159 156 143

State and local, excluding education(1)

281 277 298 175 159 154 157 154 157





RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

3.7 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.6

Total private

3.9 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.1 3.8 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging(1)

1.8 3.2 3.2 4.5 5.0 5.0 4.3 4.0 3.9

Construction(1)

2.7 3.3 3.5 5.1 5.1 5.6 4.9 5.3 5.1

Manufacturing

2.7 3.2 3.1 2.2 2.8 2.8 2.2 2.6 2.4

Durable goods(1)

2.3 2.6 3.0 1.9 2.6 2.7 2.0 2.3 2.3

Nondurable goods(1)

3.2 4.2 3.3 2.7 3.2 3.0 2.5 3.0 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.5 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6

Wholesale trade(1)

2.8 3.7 3.3 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.4

Retail trade

3.7 3.8 3.9 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

3.7 3.9 4.2 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.4

Information(1)

3.0 3.3 3.8 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.5 3.2 2.9

Financial activities

3.8 4.1 4.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.5

Finance and insurance

3.9 4.3 4.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

3.7 3.6 4.0 2.6 3.1 3.6 2.8 3.4 3.7

Professional and business services

4.9 5.0 4.9 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.1

Education and health services

4.4 4.8 4.9 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7

Educational services(1)

2.4 3.8 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.3

Health care and social assistance

4.8 5.0 5.3 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

4.6 5.0 5.0 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3.3 3.6 3.2 7.0 7.5 7.1 7.4 8.3 7.2

Accommodation and food services

4.8 5.2 5.3 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.0 5.9 6.0

Other services(1)

3.3 5.4 3.9 3.0 4.1 3.8 3.5 4.5 4.2

Government

2.2 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

Federal(1)

2.9 2.9 2.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3

State and local

2.1 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

State and local education

1.4 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4

State and local, excluding education(1)

3.0 2.9 3.2 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

Footnotes
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

5,491 5,967 5,702 6,116 6,140 6,082 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,981 5,410 5,171 5,545 5,625 5,566 3.9 4.2 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging(3)

12 24 15 22 24 24 1.8 3.3 2.1 3.0 3.2 3.2

Construction(3)

184 200 163 212 237 247 2.7 2.8 2.3 3.0 3.3 3.5

Manufacturing

339 365 350 419 414 397 2.7 2.9 2.7 3.3 3.2 3.1

Durable goods(3)

185 207 201 232 207 238 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.6 3.0

Nondurable goods(3)

154 158 149 187 207 159 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.9 4.2 3.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

997 967 999 1,027 1,074 1,096 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.8

Wholesale trade(3)

169 210 185 229 230 203 2.8 3.4 3.0 3.7 3.7 3.3

Retail trade

614 566 666 615 618 647 3.7 3.5 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

215 190 149 183 226 247 3.7 3.3 2.6 3.1 3.9 4.2

Information(3)

87 109 88 102 93 107 3.0 3.8 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.8

Financial activities

332 388 349 353 362 363 3.8 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1

Finance and insurance

249 283 266 285 279 270 3.9 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.1

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

82 105 83 68 83 92 3.7 4.6 3.7 3.0 3.6 4.0

Professional and business services

1,036 1,093 1,029 1,171 1,088 1,078 4.9 5.0 4.7 5.4 5.0 4.9

Education and health services

1,049 1,111 1,109 1,203 1,164 1,184 4.4 4.6 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.9

Educational services(3)

89 91 99 92 144 93 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.5 3.8 2.5

Health care and social assistance

960 1,020 1,010 1,111 1,020 1,091 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.4 5.0 5.3

Leisure and hospitality

750 827 798 819 839 837 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75 66 58 90 84 75 3.3 2.8 2.5 3.8 3.6 3.2

Accommodation and food services

674 761 740 729 755 762 4.8 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.3

Other services(3)

195 327 270 218 330 235 3.3 5.4 4.5 3.7 5.4 3.9

Government

511 557 531 571 515 516 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3

Federal(3)

85 93 118 101 83 72 2.9 3.2 4.0 3.5 2.9 2.5

State and local

426 464 414 471 432 443 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.2

State and local education

145 166 145 154 155 145 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4

State and local, excluding education(3)

281 298 269 317 277 298 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.4 2.9 3.2

REGION(4)

Northeast

958 1,103 1,057 1,059 1,119 1,064 3.5 3.9 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.8

South

1,938 2,190 2,062 2,234 2,243 2,129 3.5 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.8

Midwest

1,242 1,424 1,296 1,467 1,378 1,550 3.7 4.2 3.8 4.3 4.1 4.5

West

1,354 1,250 1,288 1,356 1,400 1,339 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.9 4.0 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

5,288 5,043 5,459 5,432 5,521 5,430 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,909 4,720 5,126 5,102 5,175 5,105 4.0 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1

Mining and logging

30 32 38 33 35 36 4.5 4.5 5.4 4.6 5.0 5.0

Construction

339 375 368 345 354 387 5.1 5.5 5.3 5.0 5.1 5.6

Manufacturing

268 314 329 324 353 352 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.8

Durable goods

145 164 183 190 205 212 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7

Nondurable goods

123 150 146 134 148 140 2.7 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,089 969 1,055 1,057 1,023 1,019 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.7

Wholesale trade

167 116 126 134 145 143 2.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.4

Retail trade

727 677 731 726 687 677 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

195 176 198 196 192 199 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5

Information

74 58 73 68 77 73 2.6 2.1 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.7

Financial activities

188 185 220 205 206 213 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5

Finance and insurance

131 119 145 132 137 133 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

57 66 75 74 69 79 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.6

Professional and business services

1,104 1,006 1,168 1,191 1,200 1,135 5.5 4.9 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.5

Education and health services

644 614 670 644 669 653 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8

Educational services

94 97 101 76 88 89 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.1 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

550 518 569 567 581 564 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

1,000 953 955 1,018 1,021 1,015 6.4 6.0 6.0 6.4 6.4 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

158 151 144 167 171 163 7.0 6.7 6.4 7.4 7.5 7.1

Accommodation and food services

842 802 811 851 850 853 6.3 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.2

Other services

173 213 250 218 235 221 3.0 3.7 4.3 3.8 4.1 3.8

Government

378 324 332 330 346 325 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5

Federal

41 34 29 28 38 35 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2

State and local

338 290 303 302 308 290 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5

State and local education

163 140 146 141 149 136 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local, excluding education

175 150 157 160 159 154 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

878 888 1,017 902 894 787 3.3 3.3 3.8 3.3 3.3 2.9

South

2,022 1,963 2,109 2,118 2,105 2,161 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.0

Midwest

1,183 1,083 1,167 1,256 1,305 1,219 3.7 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.0 3.7

West

1,205 1,110 1,165 1,157 1,216 1,262 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

5,059 5,008 5,245 5,309 5,362 5,228 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,706 4,681 4,914 4,997 5,012 4,892 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging

28 23 31 25 29 28 4.3 3.3 4.3 3.5 4.0 3.9

Construction

330 377 341 340 367 350 4.9 5.5 5.0 4.9 5.3 5.1

Manufacturing

270 317 325 315 320 304 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.4

Durable goods

156 162 171 182 181 178 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3

Nondurable goods

114 155 153 133 139 125 2.5 3.3 3.3 2.9 3.0 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,020 948 1,051 1,063 1,015 995 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.6

Wholesale trade

155 116 116 131 150 140 2.6 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.4

Retail trade

693 663 747 737 682 662 4.4 4.2 4.7 4.7 4.3 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

172 168 187 196 184 193 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.4

Information

70 74 79 67 87 79 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.4 3.2 2.9

Financial activities

179 184 213 200 200 212 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5

Finance and insurance

120 110 132 130 125 130 1.9 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

59 74 81 70 75 82 2.8 3.4 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.7

Professional and business services

1,036 1,001 1,116 1,182 1,127 1,062 5.1 4.9 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.1

Education and health services

600 594 625 619 616 636 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7

Educational services

87 86 92 93 79 82 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.3

Health care and social assistance

514 508 532 526 537 554 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

971 943 942 980 991 985 6.2 5.9 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

166 133 137 170 188 164 7.4 5.9 6.1 7.5 8.3 7.2

Accommodation and food services

805 810 804 809 803 821 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.0

Other services

201 220 192 206 260 240 3.5 3.8 3.3 3.6 4.5 4.2

Government

353 328 331 312 351 336 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5

Federal

37 34 26 31 41 36 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.3

State and local

316 293 305 282 310 300 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5

State and local education

159 147 139 131 156 143 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4

State and local, excluding education

157 147 166 150 154 157 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

829 808 839 865 886 869 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.2

South

1,973 1,992 2,190 2,164 2,173 1,984 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.7

Midwest

1,083 1,044 1,096 1,143 1,195 1,170 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.6

West

1,173 1,165 1,119 1,138 1,108 1,206 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

3,048 3,044 3,206 3,130 3,194 3,124 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,883 2,887 3,035 2,966 3,023 2,957 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4

Mining and logging

13 11 14 15 18 12 1.9 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.5 1.7

Construction

146 159 142 135 141 138 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0

Manufacturing

149 178 202 197 191 176 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4

Durable goods

80 94 104 108 109 102 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3

Nondurable goods

69 84 98 90 82 74 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

644 581 675 641 662 638 2.4 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.3

Wholesale trade

98 72 72 74 91 87 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5

Retail trade

462 420 498 462 456 443 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

84 89 104 105 115 107 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.1 1.9

Information

37 37 31 37 58 44 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 2.1 1.6

Financial activities

104 111 131 105 116 120 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.4

Finance and insurance

67 71 80 61 75 73 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

37 40 52 44 41 47 1.7 1.8 2.4 2.0 1.9 2.1

Professional and business services

608 630 616 634 615 599 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9

Education and health services

377 402 421 422 391 409 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8

Educational services

51 45 45 49 42 49 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.4

Health care and social assistance

327 357 376 373 349 360 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8

Leisure and hospitality

660 667 690 648 666 669 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

70 77 67 63 66 64 3.1 3.4 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.8

Accommodation and food services

589 590 623 585 601 606 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.4

Other services(3)

144 111 112 132 165 152 2.5 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.9 2.6

Government

165 157 172 164 171 167 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7

Federal

13 14 11 14 14 14 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local

152 143 160 151 157 153 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local education

76 75 78 76 81 78 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8

State and local, excluding education

76 67 83 75 75 75 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

REGION(4)

Northeast

437 446 472 458 445 448 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7

South

1,225 1,220 1,311 1,281 1,372 1,236 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.3

Midwest

664 639 691 661 700 678 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1

West

722 740 733 730 677 762 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

1,660 1,605 1,673 1,806 1,789 1,729 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,532 1,500 1,577 1,713 1,667 1,621 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3

Mining and logging(3)

12 9 13 7 8 13 1.8 1.3 1.9 1.0 1.2 1.8

Construction

168 207 187 194 215 201 2.5 3.0 2.7 2.8 3.1 2.9

Manufacturing

104 117 103 95 109 105 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8

Durable goods

65 55 59 61 60 66 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Nondurable goods

38 63 44 34 50 39 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

292 282 283 317 275 294 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1

Wholesale trade(3)

44 33 36 32 48 43 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.7

Retail trade

176 183 184 208 171 179 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

72 66 63 77 56 71 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.3

Information

23 24 33 25 22 28 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.0

Financial activities

50 45 51 63 62 61 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7

Finance and insurance

31 19 25 42 31 30 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

18 25 26 22 31 31 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.4

Professional and business services

372 315 440 488 436 393 1.8 1.5 2.1 2.4 2.1 1.9

Education and health services

183 158 168 153 170 168 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

Educational services

27 37 40 34 29 24 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7

Health care and social assistance

155 121 129 119 141 144 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

275 247 222 309 289 289 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

90 54 67 106 119 95 4.0 2.4 3.0 4.7 5.2 4.2

Accommodation and food services

186 194 155 203 170 194 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.4

Other services

54 96 76 62 81 68 0.9 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.2

Government

128 104 97 93 122 108 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

Federal

13 11 9 8 17 13 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5

State and local

114 94 88 85 105 95 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5

State and local education

62 42 37 33 51 40 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4

State and local, excluding education

52 52 51 52 54 55 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

REGION(4)

Northeast

324 295 303 345 360 356 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3

South

598 646 751 730 676 608 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1

Midwest

353 333 321 408 421 413 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3

West

385 331 298 322 333 352 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
Apr.
2017
May
2017
June
2017
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

350 359 365 373 379 376 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

291 293 303 318 321 315 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging

4 3 3 3 2 3 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

Construction(3)

16 11 13 12 11 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

17 21 19 23 20 22 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

11 13 8 13 12 11 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Nondurable goods(3)

6 8 11 10 8 12 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

83 84 93 105 78 64 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2

Wholesale trade

12 11 8 25 10 9 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

55 60 65 67 55 40 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

16 13 20 14 13 15 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

Information(3)

9 13 15 5 7 8 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3

Financial activities

25 28 30 32 23 32 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4

Finance and insurance

21 20 27 27 19 27 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

4 8 3 4 3 5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Professional and business services

57 57 60 60 75 70 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

Education and health services

41 34 36 44 55 59 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Educational services(3)

9 4 8 10 9 9 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

Health care and social assistance(3)

32 30 28 34 47 50 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

36 29 29 22 36 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)

6 3 3 2 4 5 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Accommodation and food services(3)

30 26 26 21 33 22 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services(3)

2 13 4 12 13 20 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4

Government

60 66 63 55 58 61 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Federal

10 9 6 8 9 9 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

50 57 57 46 49 52 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local education

22 29 24 23 24 25 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

28 28 33 23 24 27 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

68 67 65 61 81 65 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

South

151 126 128 154 126 140 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

Midwest

66 72 84 73 74 79 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

66 94 88 85 98 92 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

5,581 6,434 6,200 3.7 4.2 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,039 5,873 5,658 3.9 4.5 4.3

Mining and logging

12 24 24 1.7 3.2 3.1

Construction

184 237 247 2.6 3.2 3.3

Manufacturing

339 414 397 2.7 3.2 3.1

Durable goods

185 207 238 2.3 2.6 2.9

Nondurable goods

154 207 159 3.2 4.2 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,048 1,157 1,163 3.7 4.1 4.1

Wholesale trade

169 230 203 2.8 3.7 3.3

Retail trade

665 701 714 4.0 4.2 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

215 226 247 3.7 3.9 4.2

Information

87 93 107 3.0 3.3 3.8

Financial activities

323 372 351 3.7 4.2 4.0

Finance and insurance

240 289 259 3.7 4.4 4.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

82 83 92 3.6 3.6 3.9

Professional and business services

1,025 1,121 1,062 4.8 5.1 4.8

Education and health services

1,033 1,226 1,182 4.4 5.1 4.9

Educational services

89 144 93 2.7 4.2 2.7

Health care and social assistance

944 1,082 1,089 4.7 5.3 5.3

Leisure and hospitality

794 899 891 4.6 5.1 5.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

83 82 82 3.2 3.0 3.1

Accommodation and food services

711 818 810 4.9 5.5 5.4

Other services

195 330 235 3.3 5.4 3.9

Government

541 561 542 2.5 2.6 2.5

Federal

85 83 72 2.9 2.9 2.5

State and local

457 478 470 2.4 2.6 2.5

State and local education

176 202 172 1.9 2.2 1.9

State and local, excluding education

281 277 298 2.9 2.9 3.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,010 1,162 1,121 3.7 4.1 4.0

South

1,931 2,378 2,102 3.5 4.3 3.8

Midwest

1,265 1,425 1,594 3.8 4.2 4.7

West

1,374 1,470 1,384 4.0 4.2 4.0

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

5,894 5,999 6,017 4.1 4.1 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,225 5,622 5,454 4.2 4.5 4.4

Mining and logging

31 37 39 4.6 5.1 5.4

Construction

334 416 391 4.8 5.8 5.4

Manufacturing

291 396 387 2.3 3.2 3.1

Durable goods

154 224 232 2.0 2.9 3.0

Nondurable goods

137 172 155 2.9 3.6 3.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,120 1,032 1,038 4.1 3.8 3.8

Wholesale trade

167 166 147 2.8 2.8 2.5

Retail trade

761 677 694 4.8 4.3 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

192 189 196 3.5 3.4 3.5

Information

74 83 73 2.7 3.0 2.7

Financial activities

190 230 218 2.3 2.7 2.6

Finance and insurance

131 158 134 2.1 2.5 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

58 72 84 2.6 3.2 3.7

Professional and business services

1,131 1,265 1,164 5.6 6.1 5.6

Education and health services

823 773 836 3.7 3.4 3.7

Educational services

181 109 176 5.6 3.3 5.3

Health care and social assistance

642 664 660 3.4 3.4 3.4

Leisure and hospitality

1,073 1,106 1,102 6.6 6.6 6.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

125 183 133 4.9 6.9 5.2

Accommodation and food services

948 923 969 6.9 6.5 6.9

Other services

160 284 206 2.8 4.9 3.5

Government

668 377 562 3.2 1.8 2.7

Federal

39 35 35 1.4 1.2 1.2

State and local

630 343 528 3.4 1.9 2.9

State and local education

458 155 377 5.0 1.8 4.2

State and local, excluding education

171 187 150 1.8 2.0 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

930 988 821 3.5 3.7 3.0

South

2,340 2,283 2,482 4.4 4.3 4.6

Midwest

1,310 1,353 1,337 4.1 4.2 4.1

West

1,314 1,375 1,376 4.0 4.1 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

6,071 5,756 6,246 4.2 3.9 4.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,558 5,316 5,749 4.5 4.2 4.6

Mining and logging

31 31 31 4.7 4.3 4.2

Construction

374 385 390 5.4 5.4 5.4

Manufacturing

340 342 377 2.7 2.7 3.0

Durable goods

195 204 224 2.5 2.6 2.9

Nondurable goods

145 138 153 3.1 2.9 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,157 1,049 1,118 4.2 3.8 4.1

Wholesale trade

171 162 156 2.9 2.7 2.6

Retail trade

810 694 758 5.1 4.4 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

177 194 204 3.2 3.5 3.7

Information

78 95 89 2.8 3.5 3.3

Financial activities

216 200 256 2.6 2.3 3.0

Finance and insurance

155 123 169 2.5 2.0 2.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

61 78 86 2.8 3.5 3.8

Professional and business services

1,148 1,181 1,159 5.6 5.7 5.5

Education and health services

735 727 778 3.3 3.2 3.4

Educational services

134 111 127 4.1 3.3 3.8

Health care and social assistance

601 616 652 3.1 3.2 3.3

Leisure and hospitality

1,253 1,033 1,281 7.7 6.2 7.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

243 150 248 9.6 5.7 9.6

Accommodation and food services

1,010 883 1,033 7.3 6.3 7.3

Other services

225 272 270 3.9 4.7 4.6

Government

513 439 497 2.4 2.1 2.3

Federal

41 35 40 1.5 1.2 1.4

State and local

472 405 457 2.6 2.2 2.5

State and local education

229 245 211 2.5 2.8 2.3

State and local, excluding education

243 160 246 2.6 1.7 2.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,051 952 1,101 3.9 3.5 4.1

South

2,382 2,371 2,347 4.5 4.4 4.4

Midwest

1,324 1,226 1,424 4.1 3.8 4.4

West

1,314 1,208 1,373 4.0 3.6 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

3,863 3,643 3,936 2.7 2.5 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,603 3,423 3,676 2.9 2.7 2.9

Mining and logging

16 21 15 2.4 2.9 2.1

Construction

195 178 183 2.8 2.5 2.5

Manufacturing

204 222 236 1.6 1.8 1.9

Durable goods

106 131 134 1.4 1.7 1.7

Nondurable goods

98 91 102 2.1 1.9 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

795 712 778 2.9 2.6 2.8

Wholesale trade

112 101 103 1.9 1.7 1.7

Retail trade

583 476 549 3.7 3.0 3.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

100 134 127 1.8 2.4 2.3

Information

48 65 56 1.7 2.4 2.1

Financial activities

127 122 145 1.5 1.4 1.7

Finance and insurance

90 81 98 1.4 1.3 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

37 41 47 1.7 1.8 2.1

Professional and business services

722 694 713 3.6 3.3 3.4

Education and health services

473 463 509 2.1 2.0 2.2

Educational services

83 59 83 2.6 1.8 2.5

Health care and social assistance

390 403 426 2.0 2.1 2.2

Leisure and hospitality

877 781 889 5.4 4.7 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

129 84 115 5.1 3.2 4.5

Accommodation and food services

749 697 775 5.4 4.9 5.5

Other services

144 165 152 2.5 2.8 2.6

Government

260 220 260 1.2 1.0 1.2

Federal

19 14 19 0.7 0.5 0.7

State and local

241 206 241 1.3 1.1 1.3

State and local education

126 120 131 1.4 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding education

115 86 110 1.2 0.9 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

586 509 601 2.2 1.9 2.2

South

1,544 1,578 1,534 2.9 3.0 2.9

Midwest

874 787 886 2.7 2.4 2.7

West

858 768 914 2.6 2.3 2.7

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

1,840 1,717 1,916 1.3 1.2 1.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,650 1,573 1,745 1.3 1.3 1.4

Mining and logging

12 8 13 1.7 1.2 1.8

Construction

163 196 197 2.3 2.7 2.7

Manufacturing

118 99 120 1.0 0.8 1.0

Durable goods

77 60 80 1.0 0.8 1.0

Nondurable goods

41 39 40 0.9 0.8 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

267 249 269 1.0 0.9 1.0

Wholesale trade

44 48 43 0.8 0.8 0.7

Retail trade

161 154 163 1.0 1.0 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

61 47 63 1.1 0.8 1.1

Information

21 22 25 0.8 0.8 0.9

Financial activities

62 61 75 0.7 0.7 0.9

Finance and insurance

42 28 40 0.7 0.4 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

20 33 35 0.9 1.5 1.6

Professional and business services

369 418 374 1.8 2.0 1.8

Education and health services

220 209 209 1.0 0.9 0.9

Educational services

42 43 34 1.3 1.3 1.0

Health care and social assistance

179 166 176 0.9 0.9 0.9

Leisure and hospitality

339 215 365 2.1 1.3 2.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

108 62 129 4.3 2.3 5.0

Accommodation and food services

231 154 236 1.7 1.1 1.7

Other services

79 94 98 1.4 1.6 1.7

Government

190 144 170 0.9 0.7 0.8

Federal

12 12 12 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

178 132 158 1.0 0.7 0.9

State and local education

78 87 50 0.9 1.0 0.6

State and local, excluding education

100 45 108 1.1 0.5 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

396 354 434 1.5 1.3 1.6

South

678 663 665 1.3 1.2 1.2

Midwest

376 364 449 1.2 1.1 1.4

West

389 337 367 1.2 1.0 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)
Aug.
2016
July
2017
Aug.
2017(p)

Total

369 396 394 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

306 320 327 0.2 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging

3 2 2 0.5 0.3 0.3

Construction

16 11 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

18 21 22 0.1 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

11 13 10 0.1 0.2 0.1

Nondurable goods

6 8 12 0.1 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

96 88 71 0.4 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

15 12 10 0.2 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

65 63 47 0.4 0.4 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

16 13 15 0.3 0.2 0.3

Information

9 7 8 0.3 0.3 0.3

Financial activities

27 17 36 0.3 0.2 0.4

Finance and insurance

24 14 31 0.4 0.2 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

4 3 5 0.2 0.1 0.2

Professional and business services

57 69 72 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

41 55 59 0.2 0.2 0.3

Educational services

9 9 9 0.3 0.3 0.3

Health care and social assistance

32 47 50 0.2 0.2 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

36 36 27 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

6 4 5 0.2 0.1 0.2

Accommodation and food services

30 33 22 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services

2 13 20 0.0 0.2 0.4

Government

63 75 66 0.3 0.4 0.3

Federal

10 9 9 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

53 67 58 0.3 0.4 0.3

State and local education

25 39 29 0.3 0.4 0.3

State and local, excluding education

29 28 28 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

69 89 65 0.3 0.3 0.2

South

159 129 149 0.3 0.2 0.3

Midwest

74 75 88 0.2 0.2 0.3

West

67 103 92 0.2 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: October 11, 2017